CN109924087A - A kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method - Google Patents
A kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine field of ecological planting technology, and in particular to a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method, site preparation and ditching, ridging after selection of land build canopy cover net；Selecting Radix Notoginseng is plant left to run to seed, collects seed and is stored after seed is mature；It is soaked seed before seed program request with essence first fludioxonil, it transplants, be colonized after nursery 1 year: carrying out field management: harvesting within plantation 2~3 years, undergrowth environment in natural conditions provided by the invention carries out Radix Notoginseng ecologic planting, pass through ecological principle, in conjunction with Radix Notoginseng self-characteristic, it solves the problems, such as the pest and disease damage of Radix Notoginseng in the course of cultivation, greatly improves the yield of Radix Notoginseng, ensure that the stabilization of pseudo-ginseng property of traditional Chinese ingredient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine field of ecological planting technology, and in particular to a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method.
Background technique
Radix Notoginseng is araliaceae ginseng plant also known as pseudo-ginseng, Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume, radix notoginseng, is commonly called as " invaluable ", flower, leaf,
Stem, root can all be used as medicine, and have dissipating stasis and stanching bleeding, Repercusion analgesia and other effects, can be used for spitting blood, and spit blood, bleeding from five sense organs or subcutaneous tissue, hematochezia, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, wound
Bleeding, chest and abdomen shouting pain, the symptoms such as tumbling and swelling, three seventh is that the tradition in China's rare medicinal herbs and China's medicinal material market is large
Medicinal herbs most in use, the huge market demand, value of exploiting and utilizing are high.Currently, Radix Notoginseng is in industrial applications such as clinic, pharmacy, health care, daily use chemicals
It is constantly expanded with dosage, Radix Notoginseng demand is caused gradually to be significantly increased.It is largely applied due to devoting exclusive attention to output during notoginseng planting
With agricultural input products such as chemical fertilizer, pesticides, the disease resistance of Radix Notoginseng is caused to decline, the increase of field pest and disease damage, so that Radix Notoginseng yield does not increase
Anti- drop, and with the application of a large amount of agricultural input products, and result in the decline of pseudo-ginseng quality, the residual heavy metals exceeding standard of agriculture etc. and ask
Topic, this has not only influenced the outlet problem of Radix Notoginseng, has more seriously affected Radix Notoginseng clinical application safety.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve Radix Notoginseng using ecological principle and ecosystem diversity to deposit in long-term planting process
Pest and disease damage is serious, under low output, unstable quality the problems such as；According to the habit of Radix Notoginseng, adaptation to local conditions three are solved
Seven non-Genuine producing area main points of cultivation, while guaranteeing the content of medicinal material effective component；Using between species and species, species with
Stress effect between environment realizes that Radix Notoginseng health is rapidly grown, so that the residual content with heavy metal of agriculture in Radix Notoginseng body is controlled,
Guarantee the safety of pseudo-ginseng.
Specific technical solution are as follows:
A kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land: the Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecologic planting land use selection notoginseng planting interval time limit was at no less than 7 years, to select thin training
Fertilizer, life is riper good, and suitable pine is avoided viscous, and slope then carries out selection of land better than Plain；
Specifically, the suitable selection of land gesture of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecologic planting land used it is higher, on the sunny side, it is leeward, close to water source, draining it is good,
The soil is porous, the sand loam of subacidity, red soil, yellowish soil, brown earth；The lower damp and hot upper level of height above sea level preferably selects shady and cool, back
Wind, the slash towards east orientation；Mostly wet mountain area preferably gates the good plot of wind, light transmission condition；Cool, the cool area of temperature, preferably select to
Sun, the convenient soil of irrigation and drainage.
(2) site preparation: plough deeply a heatable brick bed to planting site in the notoginseng planting previous moon and shines, and by fertilizer and kills when second of site preparation
Worm agent, which is sprinkling upon in soil, mixes well withs the soil the progress soil disinfection disinfection of film overburden soil face, and then rotary cultivator is turned over one time, sunning；
Wherein, fertilizer used when second of site preparation is bacterial manure, organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, dosage point
It Wei not 400kg/ mus of bacterial manure, 1500kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer.
It should do sth. in advance to plough if it is in wasteland, cultivated land running to waste, be carried out in 6~July, 30~35cm centimetres of tilling depth, continuously plough 2
~3 times, cure soil sufficiently；If it is radix rehmanniae preparata, then step up to plough after preceding receive, needs soil 50~70kg lime per acre
It disinfects, avoiding solanaceous crops is preceding stubble；Nursery or transplanting site are answered whole thin, while carrying out soil disinfection, if antecedent soil moisture,
It should first water.
(3) ditching, ridging: inclined slope aspect carries out ditching, ridging, the wide 90cm of furrow face, width 30cm in furrow ditch, wide by 20 under furrow ditch~
25cm, 35~40cm of ditch depth；
(4) it builds canopy cover net: getting cultivation stake ready by 1.2 × 2m, sunshade net is installed, light transmittance is between 20%~50%；Sunshade
Net height position sagging in the middle part of 1.9~2.5m, sunshade net is located above the ditch of compartment.
(5) seed seedling-raising: selecting Radix Notoginseng is plant left to run to seed, collects seed and is stored after seed is mature；It is used before seed program request
Smart first fludioxonil is soaked seed, and carries out field management work after seed program request on time；
The seed collection, height above sea level are 1100km in mid-December, and height above sea level is that 1500km starts by the end of December, is received
Collect the 1st~4 batch of full, disease-free fruit.
Seed storage is that the Radix Notoginseng fruit by selecting is obtained seed after rubbing washes away exocarp, and seed is used
70% 600~800 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder liquid and kasugarnycin impregnate 15min, and dry in the shade seed coat water after pulling out
Divide and is stored；Storage practice is as follows: preparing the thin river sand that water content is 20%~30%, by the Panax notoginseng seeds after chemicals treatment
It is placed in container, and is housed in clean, ventilation environment with river sand layering, river sand water content is maintained at 20%~30%.
The time of the program request Panax notoginseng seeds is 2 months 20~March 15；Panax notoginseng seeds dosage is every 667 ㎡ kind 8
Ten thousand~100,000；Panax notoginseng seeds order method are as follows: paddled print with tool, program request is carried out with distance between rows and hills 5cm × 5cm, then uniformly
Spread one layer of mixed fertilizer (mixing with well-rotted farmyard manure or with other fertilizer, ability program request after 60d is needed after farmyard manure application), furrow face
One layer of pine needle is covered, to keep furrow face wet and inhibit weed growth.Primary closed herbicide, such as diformazan can be sprayed after program request
Penta spirit 40g corresponding 40 jin of water, prometryns etc..
(6) seedling replanting: Radix Notoginseng nursery is transplanted after 1 year, by the end of September to transplanting by the end of October；
(7) plant is colonized: before field planting, 600~800 times of Tuzets of seedling or 300 times of zineb impregnate, and take immediately
Out, it spreads out and dries and plant in time；Seeding row spacing is 10cm × 15cm, 5 centimetres of ditch depth, seedling is put into ditch by spacing in the rows, bud head
To under slope, bud is tight-lipped on furrow, and the fine earth of one layer of 4cm, then one layer of pine needle of lid are covered after plant, then pours a root water again；
(8) field management: light transmittance, watering and moisturizing, weeding and ridging are adjusted, top dressing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, extracts and spends
Flower bud, overwinter management；
Specific steps are as follows:
1. adjusting light transmittance: according to the different growing stage of Radix Notoginseng, adjusting cool canopy light transmittance in time；Radix Notoginseng requires within 1st year
Light transmittance is 20%, and it is 30%~40% that the 2nd year Radix Notoginseng, which requires light transmittance, and it is 40%~50% that the 3rd year Radix Notoginseng, which requires light transmittance,；
2. watering and moisturizing: Radix Notoginseng makes soil moisture be maintained at 20~30% or so in growth and development process；
3. weeding and ridging: weeding out the rank grass in time, root is exposed, to earth up in time；
4. top dressing: top dressing is that compound fertilizer's top dressing in one month is primary, and July and August work without top dressing；It is sprayed before May
The Water soluble fertilizer of 20 × 20 × 20 N P and Ks, sprays 1000 times of solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate after May, Water soluble fertilizer and solution are all spray leaves
Face；
A. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: prevention phase disease-preventing method is to spray 800 times of solution of copper calcium sulfate, withered grass bud respectively a middle of the month
Spore bacillus, two kinds of medicaments are used alternatingly；Two months with an avermectin pouring root；Period of disease selects pesticide depending on the state of an illness；
5. extracing bud: selection triennial plant is reserved seed for planting, and the plant that do not reserve seed for planting is extractd in time when flower tongue；
6. overwinter management: after seed harvest, cutting off plant, weeds are removed, with 0.5 degree of lime sulfur of Baume or 1: 1: 100
Times Bordeaux mixture sprays Radix Notoginseng garden, and furrow face covers pine needle, appropriate to earth up, and pays attention to that drought resisting is watered, holding ground moistening.
(9) it harvests and manages: harvesting within notoginseng planting 2~3 years or more, annual 10~November once harvests；First 1 week of harvesting,
Top cauline leaf is cut off, retains 7~10cm of stem foot, digs out full root；Root is cleaned, stalk is cut off, fibrous root is taken and dries, it will after harvesting
Radix Notoginseng classification is according to storage standard storage.Condition of storage is that Radix Notoginseng is placed in ventilation, drying, is protected from light and shady place, reserve temperature
25 DEG C hereinafter, relative humidity 40%~60%.
A kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method provided by the invention, the technical effect having have:
(1) present invention is using the undergrowth environment progress Radix Notoginseng ecologic planting in natural conditions, by ecological principle, in conjunction with
Radix Notoginseng self-characteristic solves the problems, such as the pest and disease damage of Radix Notoginseng in the course of cultivation, greatly improves the yield of Radix Notoginseng.Simultaneously originally
The planting environment that invention carries out Radix Notoginseng ecologic planting is the habit according to Radix Notoginseng come selection, so greatly ensure that Radix Notoginseng medicine
The stabilization of material property of traditional Chinese ingredient, while the normal form of Radix Notoginseng ecologic planting can be realized according to the inventive technique again；
(2) present invention gives corresponding specific solution to pest and disease damage incidental during notoginseng planting and does
Method may be implemented more rapidly to find during Radix Notoginseng ecologic planting, solve pest and disease damage；
(3) present invention is covered after Radix Notoginseng program request and field planting only with pine needle, and pine needle has good gas permeability
And sponginess, it is ensured that the air circulation of soil and atmosphere, and buffer strip when as rain drop erosion, three protected
Seven roots, while ensure that the healthy growth of Radix Notoginseng so that the moisture holding capacity of soil is stronger as one layer of isolation strip again；
(4) sunshade net used in the technology of the present invention is that stake will be supported to beat at compartment face center, so as to form under sunshade net
Just in the top of compartment ditch, such design avoids rainwater and washes away to compartment face for vertical position.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is sunshade net arrangement structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is described in conjunction with the embodiments the specific technical solution of the present invention.
A kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land: Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecologic planting land used must select the notoginseng planting interval time limit at 7 years or more, thin to select
It increases fertilizer, life is riper good, and suitable pine avoids viscous, principle progress selection of land of the slope better than flat (15 degree of the gradient best)；
The suitable selection of land gesture in soil for planting Radix Notoginseng is higher, on the sunny side, it is leeward, close to water source, draining is good, the soil is porous,
The sand loam of subacidity, red soil, yellowish soil, brown earth also may be used.The lower damp and hot upper level of height above sea level, preferably select it is shady and cool, leeward, towards east
To slash；Mostly wet mountain area preferably gates the good plot of wind, light transmission condition；Cool, the cool area of temperature, preferably select face south, irrigation and drainage
Convenient soil.
(2) site preparation: carrying out planting site in the notoginseng planting previous moon to plough deeply a heatable brick bed solarization, be ploughed deeply for the first time to 30~35cm,
A heatable brick bed shines after a week, carries out second of site preparation, and bacterial manure, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, underground insecticide are sprinkling upon soil when second of site preparation
In, drug is mixed well withed the soil with rotary cultivator, and carry out soil disinfection disinfection with film overburden soil face, it is saturating that film ventilation is taken off after 15 days
Gas, and turned over one time with rotary cultivator, sunning carries out ditching, ridging after a week；
Bacterial manure used when second of site preparation, organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer dosage be respectively bacterial manure
400kg/ mus, 1500kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer 50kg/ mus of potassium sulfate type (45%)；
It should do sth. in advance to plough if it is in wasteland, cultivated land running to waste, can be carried out in 6~July, 30~35cm centimetres of tilling depth, it is continuous to plough
It turns over 2~3 times, cures soil sufficiently；If it is radix rehmanniae preparata, then step up to plough after preceding receive, needs 50~70kg of soil per acre
Lime is disinfected, and avoiding solanaceous crops is preceding stubble.Nursery or transplanting site are answered whole thin, while soil disinfection are carried out, if soil
It is dry, it should first water.
(3) ditching, ridging: inclined slope aspect carries out ditching, ridging, the wide 90cm of furrow face, width 30cm in furrow ditch, wide by 20 under furrow ditch~
25cm, 35~40cm of ditch depth, furrow length is determined by landform, generally in 15~20m, and hold traverse furrow successfully, furrow soil to accomplish it is excess in the upper and deficiency in the lower,
Compartment face need to be arc-shaped, in favor of draining, prevents rotten；
(4) it builds canopy cover net: getting cultivation stake ready by 1.2 × 2m, plant stake point on the central axes of compartment face, support pile length is 2.7m,
Bury 0.5m in underground.Sunshade net uses sunshade screen specially for noto ginseng, nets width 2m, should facilitate adjusting light transmittance after sunshade net covering, thoroughly
The most suitable range of light rate is between 20%~50%, and absolutely no more than 50%, otherwise Radix Notoginseng is unable to normal growth, also unsuitable low
In 8%, otherwise Radix Notoginseng under ground portion undergrowth；
The sunshade net height should be advisable in 1.9~2.5m, too low to be unfavorable for farming operations, too high, be subject to wind
Calamity should pull out load-bearing gauze along sunshade net steel cable below sunshade net, should pull out crimping along sunshade net steel cable above
Net, prevent rainwater overstock and wind scrape；
The described sunshade arrangement is as shown in Figure 1, the sagging position of sunshade net is exactly above the ditch of compartment, therefore can prevent rain
Water washes away compartment face；
(5) seed seedling-raising: in Radix Notoginseng grows fine, disease-free or disease is very light Radix Notoginseng group, select that plant is tall and big, stem
Sturdy, the thick and solid roomy healthy Radix Notoginseng of blade is plant left to run to seed, collects seed and is stored after seed is mature.With essence before seed program request
First fludioxonil is soaked seed, and is taken out after leaching, cleans medical fluid with clear water, carries out program request, seed point according to regulation method after drying
Field management work is carried out after broadcasting on time；
Seed collection, height above sea level are 1100km mid-December, and height above sea level by the end of December, starts collection the 1st~4 batch and satisfy for 1500km
Full, disease-free fruit, more and serious plant, which occurs, for disease to reserve seed for planting, and otherwise can lead to sprout term disease because of seed-borne fungi
Generation.
Seed storage is that the Radix Notoginseng fruit by selecting is obtained seed after rubbing washes away exocarp, and seed is used
70% 600~800 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder liquid and kasugarnycin impregnate 15min, and dry in the shade seed coat water after pulling out
Divide and stored, to promote Panax notoginseng seeds to improve its physiology afterripening by dormant period.Storage practice is as follows: preparing water content
For 20%~30% thin river sand, the Panax notoginseng seeds after chemicals treatment are placed in container with river sand layering, and is housed in clean
Only, in the environment divulged information, river sand water content is maintained at 20%~30%.It is checked 1 time every 15d, to remove rot, go mouldy three
Seven seeds, while humidity is adjusted to control germination.Seed can be sowed after afterripening to mid-January in next year, storage
The hiding time is generally 45~60d.
The time of program request Panax notoginseng seeds is 2 months 20~March 15.Panax notoginseng seeds dosage is every 667 ㎡ kind 80,000~10
Wan Li converts into fruit 35kg or so.
Pre-treatment is carried out before the seed program request is: being soaked seed using smart first fludioxonil, is taken out after leaching, with clear
Water cleans medical fluid, dries spare.Panax notoginseng seeds program request principle be with adopt, with processing, with sowing, should not put long, if 1~2 day
It broadcasts endless, properly to save.If you need to transport outward, red pieces (fresh fruit is real) is cleaned with clear water, fine sand is admixed, is packed into case, to keep
Germinating capacity.Seed avoids the oily salt of contact.
Panax notoginseng seeds order method are as follows: paddled print with tool, program request is carried out with distance between rows and hills 5cm × 5cm, then uniformly spreads one
Layer mixed fertilizer (mixes, ability program request after 60d is needed after farmyard manure application) with well-rotted farmyard manure or with other fertilizer, furrow face covering
One layer of pine needle, to keep furrow face wet and inhibit weed growth.Primary closed herbicide (pendimethalin 40g can be sprayed after program request
Corresponding 40 jin of water, prometryns etc..
Field management work after seed program request are as follows: should often water when weather arid, exclude ponding after rain in time, periodically
Weeding.Generally based on compound fertilizer, each topdressing amount is 10kg/ mus for seedling stage top dressing, monthly chases after disposable fertilizer.Seedling stage greenhouse light transmittance
To be changed according to the illuminance of Various Seasonal and be adjusted.
(6) seedling replanting: Radix Notoginseng nursery is transplanted after 1 year, and generally by the end of September to transplanting by the end of October, when lifting prevents damage
Root item and gemma；
Lifting prevents the method for damage root item and gemma are as follows: when lifting, meets soil drought, should pour 1 within 4~5 days before lifting
Secondary water keeps furrow soil soft, selects the seedling strain of no disease and pests harm stalwartness, and size classification is colonized respectively, convenient for management.
(7) plant is colonized: before field planting, 600~800 times of Tuzets of seedling or 300 times of zineb impregnate, and take immediately
Out, it spreads out and dries and plant in time.Plantation be usually by line-spacing along furrow to or laterally ditch, seeding row spacing be 10cm × 15cm, ditch
Deep 5 centimetres, seedling is put into ditch by spacing in the rows, for bud head under slope, bud is tight-lipped on furrow, the fine earth of one layer of 4cm is covered after plant, then cover
Then one layer of pine needle pours a root water again；Root water require to pour it is even, irrigate, with clear water, avoid with mixed water, before not taking root not
Any fertilizer must be applied；
(8) field management: the time limit of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecologic planting is usually 2~3 years, and field management is related to adjusting light transmission
Rate, watering and moisturizing, weeding and ridging, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, extract bud, overwinter management at top dressing, during Panax notoginseng Growth,
Stringent perfect field management system must be formulated；
Specific steps are as follows:
1. adjusting light transmittance: according to the different growing stage of Radix Notoginseng, adjusting cool canopy light transmittance in time.1 year Radix Notoginseng requires saturating
Light rate is 20%.It is 30%~40% that 2 years Radix Notoginseng, which require light transmittance,.It is 40%~50% that 3 years Radix Notoginseng, which require light transmittance,；
2. watering and moisturizing: Radix Notoginseng will keep certain soil moisture, keep soil moisture in growth and development process
25% or so.Arid season pays attention to watering, and accomplishes light, even, suitable, saturating, does not pour violent water, muddy water, poured within dry season general one month 2~
3 times permeable, until rainy season set.Rainy season cleans out a drain in time, pays attention to draining, accomplishes in garden to drain outside garden unimpeded without ponding.
Garden door ventilation is opened simultaneously, to reduce humidity in garden, prevents root rot and other diseases from occurring；
3. weeding and ridging: weeding out the rank grass in time, prevent from striving fertilizer with Radix Notoginseng, strive water, reduce disease pest and propagate.As root is naked
Dew, earth up in time；
4. top dressing: top dressing is that compound fertilizer's top dressing in one month is primary, and July and August work without top dressing.It is sprayed before May
The Water soluble fertilizer of 20 × 20 × 20 N P and Ks, sprays 1000 times of solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate after May, Water soluble fertilizer and solution are all spray leaves
Face；
5. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: being easy during Panax notoginseng Growth by root rot, Northern leaf spot, black spot, damping-off, aphid etc.
Pest and disease damage damage, is respectively adopted following different control method for all kinds of pest and disease damages.Prevention phase disease-preventing method is at one month
Middle to spray 800 times of solution of copper calcium sulfate, bacillus subtilis (according to explanation) respectively, two kinds of medicaments are used alternatingly.Insect-prevention method is
With an avermectin pouring root, underground wireworm is prevented within two months.Period of disease is depending on the state of an illness:
B. root rot: notoginseng root rot is soil-borne disease, takes place mostly in seeding stage (3~April) and florescence (8~10
Month), symptom is the vertical jaundice of withering of blade, and root tuber or rhizome rot.Control method is early stage 70% fenaminosulf or sulphur
Sour copper calcium (dosage is according to explanation), mixing fine earth 150kg and medicine soil is made and spreads fertilizer over the fields has preferable control efficiency；
C. Northern leaf spot: Northern leaf spot propagates disease mainly by rainwater, therefore grasps that weather dynamic is critically important, and rainy season is it is noted that clear
Ditch water discharge, the garden door of opening reduce humidity.58% metalaxyl mancozeb wettable powder, 800 times of liquid or 65% generation can be used in chemical control
500 times of liquid of gloomy zinc spray 1 time every 7d, continuously spray 2~3 times；
D. black spot: black spot runs rampant in rainy season, shows as blade, light brown oval scab occurs for stem, then
Recess generates black mustiness object, occurs kinking when serious.Control method is that early stage is resisted with 40% dimethachlon, 500 times of liquid+more
Mycin (dosage is according to explanation) 1000 times of liquid foliar sprays of foliar spray or 45% ambam aqua；
E. damping-off: at the initial stage of a disease, seedling base portion rots damping-off after there is water stain shape spot.Control method is to fall ill
Initial stage hymexazol or jinggangmycin (dosage is according to explanation) spraying prevention and treatment；
6. extracing bud: being typically chosen triennial plant and reserve seed for planting, the plant that do not reserve seed for planting answers when flower tongue extracts 4 centimetres or so out
It extracts in time, in case consumption nutrient, should select fine day to extract bud.To reserving seed for planting, Radix Notoginseng garden will strengthen management, be conducive to seed at
It is ripe, full.
7. overwinter management: after seed harvest, cutting off plant, weeds are removed, with 0.5 degree of lime sulfur of Baume or 1: 1: 100
Times Bordeaux mixture sprays Radix Notoginseng garden, and furrow face covers pine needle, appropriate to earth up, and pays attention to that drought resisting is watered, holding ground moistening；
(9) it harvests and manages: can harvest within notoginseng planting 2~3 years or more, annual 10~November once harvests.Harvesting preceding 1
Week,
Top cauline leaf is cut off, retains 7~10cm of stem foot, digs out full root.Root is cleaned, stalk is cut off, fibrous root is taken and dries,
It adopts
Radix Notoginseng is classified according to storage standard storage after receipts；
It dries and refers to Radix Notoginseng is shone to, frangibility hard to root.If meeting the rainy day during tedding to answer when need to stack
It is deposited in ventilating and cooling place, fever is avoided to rot.When having ready conditions, 50 DEG C~55 DEG C of low temperature drying method can be used and be dried.
Condition of storage is that Radix Notoginseng is placed in ventilation, drying, is protected from light and shady place, and 25 DEG C of reserve temperature hereinafter, relative humidity
40%~60%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land: the Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecologic planting land use selection notoginseng planting interval time limit was at no less than 7 years, raw to select thin fertilizing
Riper good, suitable pine is avoided viscous, and slope then carries out selection of land better than Plain；
(2) site preparation: plough deeply a heatable brick bed to planting site in the notoginseng planting previous moon and shines, by fertilizer and insecticide when second of site preparation
It is sprinkling upon in soil and mixes well withs the soil the progress soil disinfection disinfection of film overburden soil face, then rotary cultivator is turned over one time, sunning；
(3) ditching, ridging: inclined slope aspect carries out ditching, ridging, the wide 90cm of furrow face, width 30cm in furrow ditch, wide 20~25cm under furrow ditch,
35~40cm of ditch depth；
(4) it builds canopy cover net: getting cultivation stake ready by 1.2 × 2m, sunshade net is installed, light transmittance is between 20%~50%；
(5) seed seedling-raising: selecting Radix Notoginseng is plant left to run to seed, collects seed and is stored after seed is mature；With essence before seed program request
First fludioxonil is soaked seed, and carries out field management work after seed program request on time；
(6) seedling replanting: Radix Notoginseng nursery is transplanted after 1 year, by the end of September to transplanting by the end of October；
(7) plant is colonized: before field planting, 600~800 times of Tuzets of seedling or 300 times of zineb impregnate, and take out immediately, spread out
It opens and dries and plant in time；Seeding row spacing is 10cm × 15cm, 5 centimetres of ditch depth, seedling is put into ditch by spacing in the rows, and bud head is to slope
Under, bud is tight-lipped on furrow, and the fine earth of one layer of 4cm, then one layer of pine needle of lid are covered after plant, then pours a root water again；
(8) field management: light transmittance, watering and moisturizing, weeding and ridging are adjusted, top dressing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, bud is extractd, gets over
Winter management；
(9) it harvests and manages: harvesting within notoginseng planting 2~3 years, once harvest annual 10~November；First 1 week of harvesting, cuts off top
Cauline leaf retains 7~10cm of stem foot, digs out full root；Root is cleaned, stalk is cut off, fibrous root is taken and dries, Radix Notoginseng is classified after harvesting
According to storage standard storage.
2. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (1)
The suitable selection of land gesture of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecologic planting land used is higher, face south, is leeward, close water source, draining is good, the soil is porous, subacidity
Sand loam, red soil, yellowish soil, brown earth；The lower damp and hot upper level of height above sea level preferably selects woodland sky shady and cool, leeward, towards east orientation
Ground；Mostly wet mountain area preferably gates the good plot of wind, light transmission condition；Cool, the cool area of temperature, preferably select face south, irrigation and drainage it is easily native
Ground.
3. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (2)
Fertilizer used when second of site preparation is bacterial manure, organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, and dosage is respectively bacterial manure 400kg/
Mu, 1500kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer.
4. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (2)
Site preparation should do sth. in advance to plough if it is in wasteland, cultivated land running to waste, carry out in 6~July, 30~35cm centimetres of tilling depth, continuously plough 2~3
It is secondary, cure soil sufficiently；If it is radix rehmanniae preparata, then step up to plough after preceding receive, needs soil 50~70kg lime work per acre
Disinfection treatment, avoiding solanaceous crops is preceding stubble；Nursery or transplanting site are answered whole thin, while being carried out soil disinfection, if antecedent soil moisture, are answered
First water.
5. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (4)
Sunshade net height position sagging in the middle part of 1.9~2.5m, sunshade net is located above the ditch of compartment.
6. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (5)
Seed collection, height above sea level are 1100km in mid-December, and height above sea level is that 1500km12 month bottom starts, collection the 1st~4 batch is full,
Disease-free fruit.
7. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (5)
Seed storage is that the Radix Notoginseng fruit by selecting is obtained seed after rubbing washes away exocarp, by 70% methyl support of seed
600~800 times of liquid of cloth saliva wettable powder and kasugarnycin impregnate 15min, and the seed coat moisture that dries in the shade after pulling out is stored；
Storage practice is as follows: preparing the thin river sand that water content is 20%~30%, the Panax notoginseng seeds after chemicals treatment are layered with river sand
It is placed in container, and is housed in clean, ventilation environment, river sand water content is maintained at 20%~30%.
8. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (5)
The time of program request Panax notoginseng seeds is 2 months 20~March 15；Panax notoginseng seeds dosage is every 667 ㎡ with kind 80,000~100,000；Three
Seven seed order methods are as follows: it is paddled print with tool, program request is carried out with distance between rows and hills 5cm × 5cm, then uniformly spreads one layer of mixed fertilizer,
Furrow face covers one layer of pine needle.
9. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that field described in step (8)
Between manage, specific steps are as follows:
1. adjusting light transmittance: according to the different growing stage of Radix Notoginseng, adjusting cool canopy light transmittance in time；Radix Notoginseng requires light transmission within 1st year
Rate is 20%, and it is 30%~40% that the 2nd year Radix Notoginseng, which requires light transmittance, and it is 40%~50% that the 3rd year Radix Notoginseng, which requires light transmittance,；
2. watering and moisturizing: Radix Notoginseng makes soil moisture be maintained at 20~30% or so in growth and development process；
3. weeding and ridging: weeding out the rank grass in time, root is exposed, to earth up in time；
4. top dressing: top dressing is that compound fertilizer's top dressing in one month is primary, and July and August work without top dressing；Spray 20 in the past in May ×
The Water soluble fertilizer of 20 × 20 N P and Ks, sprays 1000 times of solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate after May, Water soluble fertilizer and solution are all spray blade faces；
A. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: prevention phase disease-preventing method is to spray copper calcium sulfate 800 times of solution, bacillus subtilis respectively a middle of the month
Bacterium, two kinds of medicaments are used alternatingly；Two months with an avermectin pouring root；Period of disease selects pesticide depending on the state of an illness；
5. extracing bud: selection triennial plant is reserved seed for planting, and the plant that do not reserve seed for planting is extractd in time when flower tongue；
6. overwinter management: after seed harvest, cutting off plant, weeds are removed, with 0.5 degree of lime sulfur of Baume or 1: 1: 100 times of wave
Your more liquid spray Radix Notoginseng garden, and furrow face covers pine needle, appropriate to earth up, and notice that drought resisting is watered, keep ground moistening.
10. a kind of Radix Notoginseng hayashishita ecology planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (9)
Condition of storage is that Radix Notoginseng is placed in ventilation, drying, is protected from light and shady place, 25 DEG C of reserve temperature hereinafter, relative humidity 40%~
60%.
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| CN112640748A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-13 | 重庆新三七科技服务有限公司 | Pseudo-ginseng planting process in Sichuan basin in hilly area with altitude of 200-800 m |
| CN113079989A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 刘昕 | Low-altitude area pseudo-ginseng planting method |
| CN113367037A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-10 | 文山苗乡三七股份有限公司 | Preparation method of pseudo-ginseng flower leaves |
| CN114600722A (en) * | 2022-03-19 | 2022-06-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Transplanting and planting method for panax notoginseng in campus |
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| CN113367037A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-10 | 文山苗乡三七股份有限公司 | Preparation method of pseudo-ginseng flower leaves |
| CN114600722A (en) * | 2022-03-19 | 2022-06-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Transplanting and planting method for panax notoginseng in campus |
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