KR20090024001A - Cultivating method for ginseng - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for cultivating a ginseng is provided to improve a survival rate of the ginseng and to produce an improved cultivated wild ginseng massively. A method for cultivating a ginseng comprises the followings: gaining a seed from the ginseng grown for over 2 years or 3 years in forest land one of broadleaf forest, needle-leaf forest and mixed forest; seeding the gained seed in the land; mining ginseng seedlings in case the ginseng seedlings are grown for over 2 years or 3 years; and moving the mined ginseng seedlings and planting the ginseng seedlings in the land having the same condition.

Description

Hemp cultivation method {CULTIVATING METHOD FOR GINSENG}

The present invention relates to a ginseng cultivation method, and more particularly, to a ginseng cultivation method that can not only cultivate ginseng in the forest land close to the growth environment of wild ginseng, but also improve the survival rate of cultivated ginseng.

Ginseng is a perennial semi-negative medicinal plant and succinct herb, which has many pharmacological effects, and its value is highly appreciated. Botanically scientific name is Panax ginseng CA Meyer originated from the name of Korean ginseng in 1843 by Carl Von Meyer (1975-1855) of the Soviet Union. As the scientific name shows its meaning, it includes the meaning of "a panacea."

The Korean ginseng can be classified in more detail by the plant taxonomy "Gye, Mun., Kang, Thu, Family, Genus, Species" (界. 門. 綱. 目. 科. 族. 屬. 種). Embryophyta Siphonogama, which grows by means of cultivation, Angiospermac, and dicotyledonous plant, in which eggs are closed between the eggs. There are two cotyledons on the leaf), two varieties of plants, archichlamydeac (separately separated and no corolla), Umbelli-florac, Ogaaceae (五 加科; Araliaceac, Fruits are flesh), Panax ginseng, Panax ginseng (高麗 人蔘; Panax) Ginseng , CA Meyer). This is a taxonomy by botanist Engler.

In 1957, research into chemically active ingredients of ginseng began in earnest, and intensive research on saponins was made by Brekhmand of the Soviet Union, who found that saponin glycosides were the active ingredients of ginseng. Since then, the Japanese Shibata and Tanaka groups have revealed that ginseng saponin (3-6%) is a bisdesmoside neutral glycoside that combines glucose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose to triterpenoid dammarane skeletons, and these are called TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). Ginsengoside-Rx was named according to the order of polarity. Thus, until now, extensive research on the saponin components of white and red ginseng has analyzed 31 ginsenosidedml chemical structures before the 1980s. Since then, new research results have been added, such as the saponin chemical structure unique to red ginseng. Specialized institutes such as academia in Korea and Korea Ginseng and Tobacco Research Institute are conducting research on ginsenoside centered on red ginseng.

On the other hand, in addition to saponin components, there are components that are expected to have pharmacological activity in terms of pharmacological efficacy. The fat-soluble fraction of these components contains about 1-2% of ginseng root, and active ingredients include phenolic compounds showing antioxidant activity and polyacetylene compounds showing cytotoxicity to cancer cells. Moreover, sesquiter-pene compounds, essential oils, have been studied as fragrance components of ginseng.

In addition, alkaloids, which have been the subject of debate on the presence of ginseng, have been found to be ether soluble alkaloids and water-soluble alkaloids, and alkaloids have distinct physiological activities in trace amounts.

Among the water-soluble substances (50-60%), the most important ones are carbohydrates such as polysaccharides, and immuno-stimulating activity, anti-complementary activity, anti-ulcer effect, anti-cancer effect and anti-diabetic effect have been reported.

Twenty-one neutral and acidic polysaccharides, including panaxane A-U, were isolated from Korean ginseng, and partial chemical structures were analyzed.

Nitrogen-containing components of ginseng (12-15%) include amino acids and oligo-peptides, and adenosine and pyroglutamic acid, which are insuline like substances related to antidiabetic effects, from Korean red ginseng such as Okde. Furthermore, it was reported that ArgFru-Glc produced by amino-carbonyl reaction in Korean red ginseng showed physiological activity to dilate blood vessels.

The effectiveness of ginseng is first described in the ginseng grounds of China's Jeon-Won Je era (33-48). Among the total of 113 prescriptions in Jang Joong-Kyung's upper limit of constitution proposal year (AD 196-200), there are 21 ginseng formulations. Since then, there are records on the efficacy of ginseng as a compensatory agent in many documents such as Myeong-seung, Sin-Nong-Boncho, Shin-Nong-Bon-Cho, Landlords, Yak-Yeong, Yeong-Yeop-Joong, and Yeongbobom. Among them, clinical studies of ginseng show that it is effective in various diseases.

Ginseng extracts from Ginko biloba and Korean Ginseng, which have been shown to improve mental and intellectual work efficiency, have been shown to improve peripheral circulation. Behavioral experiments have the effect of improving memory and promoting learning. Korean ginseng containing Korean ginseng improves memory damage caused by alcohol and scopolamine treatment, and has been shown to improve spatial cognitive memory in experiments using aging-promoting mice (SAM P8). Diol-based saponins, in particular, have a central nervous system sedation, and triol-based saponins help central nervous system excitability. In particular, ginseng extract and ginsenoside Rgl and Rbl have protective effects against sexual stress and learning ability. Ginseng has the effect of inhibiting brain function degeneration and promoting brain activity.

Since ginseng enhances the immune system of cancer patients and enhances the body's resistance, it inhibits the growth of cancer cells and metastasis to other organs, and shows excellent efficacy in preventing recurrence after surgery.

As a result of examining the relationship between the frequency of taking ginseng and the incidence of cancer, the long-term intake of ginseng significantly lowers the probability of developing cancer.

Saponin is metabolized by intestinal bacteria, and this intestinal bacterial metabolite (IH-901) has a strong anticancer effect against cancer cell metastasis suppressor, carcinogenic inhibitory effect and Cisplatine resistant cells.

Ginseng is a mysterious elixir that works by lowering blood pressure to normalize it by increasing blood pressure. High blood pressure acts to lower blood pressure and maintains normal blood pressure.

In white ginseng, a component (Rg group) showing an effect of raising blood pressure and a component (Rb, Rc group) having a lowering of blood pressure coexist, but it functions to normalize blood pressure as a whole.

Taking ginseng in patients with hypertension reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure and, in the presence of hyperlipidemia, not only lowers low-density cholesterol in the blood and improves lipid metabolism that increases high-density cholesterol, which plays a role in cholesterol metabolism, but also endothelial cells caused by hypertension. Improves the functioning of Since the blood pressure lowering effect of Korean ginseng is mainly caused by Korean ginseng saponin, the effect is greater when a relatively large amount of white ginseng extract with a relatively high saponin content is taken than a small dose.

Ginseng has the effect of lowering blood pressure, relieving parasympathetic nervous tension as needed to normalize the balance of autonomic nerves, promoting blood flow, and smoothing the blood supply to the brain, which is effective in treating hypotension. .

Ginseng has a vasodilating effect, such as improving blood flow, inhibiting the occurrence of atherosclerosis and protecting vascular endothelial damage.

White ginseng saponin promotes enzyme activity related to lipid metabolism such as fat and blood cholesterol, prevents the formation of atheroma caused by hyperlipidemia in aortic tissue, and promotes cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol turnover). It is effective in improving hyperlipidemia, an important risk factor.

White ginseng saponin (particularly Rb2) is effective in preventing blood vessels caused by lowering cholesterol content, promoting excretion and hypercholesterolemia, and improving the atherosclerotic index by increasing LDL-cholesterol.

Pharmacologist Breakman said that white ginseng has mild pharmacological activity.In particular, unlike conventional synthetic medicines, white ginseng has an Adaptogen Activity that acts on the body's regulatory mechanisms and maintains homeostasis. There was.

The basic medicinal effect of ginseng is to increase the specific resistance of the body in vivo, and to increase the overall resistance of the body is a drug that enhances the function of the body. Ginseng maintains homeostasis of body function by normalizing blood pressure, normalizing blood sugar level for diabetes, improving physical and mental work efficiency.

According to the method of cultivating ginseng, it can be classified into ginseng, which is artificially grown as seed yearly seedlings in fields or paddy fields, camphor ginseng, which is cultivated by spraying ginseng seeds in the mountains, and wild ginseng that grows naturally in the mountains. Ginseng cultivated in Korea is the method of artificially planting seeds of wild ginseng harvested in the late Joseon Dynasty in fields or paddy fields. Currently, wild ginseng grows all over the country. When it was difficult to obtain wild ginseng, people began to cultivate wild ginseng deep in the mountains, which led to the growth of camphor ginseng.

However, when cultivating camphor ginseng, there is a problem that the survival rate is sharply reduced between 1 year and 5 years. Accordingly, by cultivating camphor ginseng for a long time in nature close to the growth environment of wild ginseng, it is impossible to grow a large amount of camphor ginseng with enhanced efficacy.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ginseng cultivation method capable of improving not only the ginseng growing in the forest land close to the growth environment of wild ginseng, but also improving the survival rate of the grown ginseng.

The purpose of the present invention is to obtain seeds from hemp grown in two or more generations for three years or more in one of the forests of coniferous trees, coniferous trees and mixed forests. And sowing seeds in the forest under the same conditions as the forest in which the seed obtained from the seed is grown.

The above object is also obtained in the forest of any one of the forests, coniferous forests and mixed forests to obtain seeds from three generations over three years in the second generation or more; Sowing seeds in the forest where hemp seed was grown; Mining if the seed sown is grown with seedlings of 1 to 2 years old; And seedlings are achieved by the cultivation method characterized in that it comprises the step of transferring the mined seedlings in the forest conditions of the same conditions as mined forestland.

Here, the method may further include a step of making a pike before planting seeds in the forest, and the pike may be provided to have a width of 50 cm or more and a height of 15 cnm to 20 cm.

In addition, the seeds are preferably sown to a depth of 5cm to 10cm, seedlings are preferably transplanted to a depth of 10cm to 20cm.

As described above, according to the present invention, a ginseng cultivation method capable of cultivating ginseng in forest land close to the growth environment of wild ginseng, as well as improving the survival rate of cultivated ginseng, is provided. In addition, by this method, it is possible to cultivate ginseng with improved quality and efficacy compared to conventional camphor ginseng.

There are two ways to grow hemp in the mountain. The first method is to plant seeds in the mountain and grow them for a certain period of time. The second method is to move seedlings to the mountain and plant them.

As described above, there are two methods for growing the hemp seed according to the present invention, as well as a method for sowing seeds and growing seedlings.

First, a method of obtaining and sowing seed according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

First, seed is obtained from hemp grown in two or more generations through one generation in any one of the forests of coniferous, coniferous and mixed forests (harvesting step, S10). Here, ginseng grown more than 2 generations is seeded from one of the forests of coniferous, coniferous, and mixed forests, and obtained seeds from the first generation of ginseng, and sowing seeds obtained from the first generation of ginseng in the same forest Say sam. In general, since hemp can be obtained only when hemp is grown for 3 years or more, it is preferable to obtain seeds from hemp grown for 2 or more generations for 3 years or more.

As such, seeds obtained from hemp grown in two or more generations in the same forest have higher adaptability to forest than the general seed. That is, because the seeds are grown for more than two generations in the same forest, the seeded seeds are more resistant to the natural environment and the history of the forest under the same conditions than the general seeds. Therefore, when seeds according to the present invention are sown in the forest under the same conditions, the adaptability to the forest is improved, and the survival rate of hemp is improved. This is an improvement in the genetic properties expressed over generations. Therefore, it is more desirable to obtain seeds from higher generations of hemps, but to obtain seeds from second, third and fourth generations in consideration of the time, manpower and cost for growing the hemps.

Seeds are harvested from early to mid July, and the ripened fruit is removed to remove the pulp and then dried in the shade for at least one day. Seeds are sifted and only thick seeds of 0.3 cm or more are used.

When the seed is obtained in this way, the seed is subjected to the opening process (S20). Opening process is from mid- or late July and is intended to promote growth. Opening treatment can be made by mixing sand and selected seeds in a ratio of 3: 1, artificially watering them, and opening them naturally within the forest. When the gait treatment is performed, the shell of the seed is opened at the same time as the growth of the pear in the seed.

After opening, the seeds are separated from the sand two to three days before sowing, and the seeds are stored in a shaded and cool place.

After that, the soaked seeds are sown in the forest (S30). The sowing time is approximately from late October to November. Here, the choice of forest land is important, and the seed to be sown is preferably sown under the same conditions as the forest in which the hemp seed is grown. Specifically, if the seeds are seeded in deciduous forests, all of the regenerated seeds are also sown in the forests of the broad-leaved forests, the seeds sown in the coniferous forests are sown in the forests of coniferous forests, and the seeds sown in the mixed forests are the forests of the mixed forests. It is preferable to sowing as. This is to improve the survival rate of the seeded seed using genetic characteristics as described above.

Seeds are harvested before seeding and tilled in early August to early September to produce hemp in the forest. The purpose of tillering is to reduce the density of pests in the soil and to promote the maturation of organic layers within the forest. Thereafter, to make a toad in the planting to be planted, the toad is preferably provided to have a width of 50 cm or more and a height of 15 cnm to 20 cm or more. Thereafter, the seeds are sown in the forest at a depth of 5 cm to 10 cm. Conditions such as width and height of the toad and sowing depth are intended to improve the survival rate of the seeds, which will be described in detail in the section describing the experimental example. In the case of seeding the seed, it is preferable to remove the deciduous layer of the soil, pile up the pits and plant them, and then cover them with the deciduous layer.

Thereafter, after sowing, after growing the hemp for about 10 years, and harvested, it is sold after the commercialization work (S40).

Next, a method of growing and transplanting seedlings according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

First, seeds are seeded from hemp that has grown for two or more generations in two or more generations in the same forest land (S100). That is, it is the same as the case of obtaining and seeding the seed mentioned above.

Next, the obtained seed is subjected to the opening and closing process as described above (S200).

After that, the seeds are sown again in the forest growing hemp seeding (S300). Here, it is preferable that the obtained seeds are sown in the same forest, and if it is difficult to sow in the same forest in other circumstances, they may be sown in forests under the same conditions. That is, seeds obtained in area A (leaved forest) are preferably sown in area A (leaved forest), and if it is impossible to sow in the same forest due to lack of area in the forest, sowing in the same conditions (B region, deciduous forest). can do. On the other hand, also in the method (when seedlings are grown by transplanting ginseng), tillage is carried out in the same manner as the above-described method before sowing, and the ridges are made.

When the seed sown grows in seedlings of 1 to 2 years in the natural state, the seedlings are mined (S400). Mining takes place from the bottom of March to early April.

After mining, the seedlings that have wounds or diseased roots or brains are selected, and seedlings are transplanted to the forests under the same conditions as the seedlings mined from early March to early April (S500). Here, the forest under the same condition as the forest where the seedlings were mined means that the seedlings mined in the active forest are transplanted into the active forest, the seedlings mined from the coniferous forest is the coniferous forest, and the seedlings mined from the mixed forest are transplanted into the mixed forest. When planting seedlings, transplant them to a depth of about 10cm to 20cm. This is because transplanting to a depth of about 10cm to 20cm affects the survival rate and shape of the ginseng depending on the depth. This will be discussed in detail in the paragraph describing the example.

And, when planting seedlings, it is preferable to remove the deciduous layer of the soil, and then pile up the pits and cover them with the deciduous layer.

In this way, only ginseng aged 10 years or more is selectively selected and harvested from the cultivated by the method, and the harvested ginseng is commercialized and sold (S600).

Through this method, ginseng can be grown for a long time in nature similar to the growth environment of wild ginseng. In addition, the cultivated ginseng is superior in quality and efficacy compared to conventional camphor ginseng.

In order to verify the merchandise and pharmacological effect of the ginseng produced by the method as described above, in the case of cultivating ginseng according to the conventional method as a comparison group and in the two methods (Example 1, Example 2) as an experimental group According to the cultivation of ginseng according to the growth conditions, survival rate and quality of the ginseng were compared in detail.

Hereinafter, the conditions and results of these experimental examples will be described in detail.

In this experiment, the soil type, slope, slope direction, soil hardness, soil acidity, total nitrogen content of each region were prepared using seeds of hemp grown in two or more generations in the forests of coniferous, coniferous, and mixed forests. This study was conducted to compare the growth rate of ginseng and the value of commodity according to organic matter content, cation substitution capacity, phosphate, and stand condition.

First, in order to grasp the growth characteristics of hemp by the environment in the experiment of the present invention, three plantings, such as coniferous forest, deciduous forest, mixed forests were selected. The cultivation of the experiment according to the present invention was selected in Sangju and Punggi, North Jeolla Province, Jinan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Sancheong, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and examined the location, environment, and microclimate of cultivating ginseng by region.

Soil analysis of each plant in the experiment of the present invention was tested by removing the organic matter of the topsoil from Sangju, Punggi, Jinan, Sancheong, soil collection. pH was measured by diluting water and soil samples to 5: 1, and the amount of various inorganic substances (K, Mg, Al, B, Ca, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn) was measured by ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma-model ICPS-1000IV, Shimadzu Japan) Emission Spectrometer. Organic matter content was estimated as weight loss by burning soil at 500 ℃ and total nitrogen was analyzed by Kiltal method.

The environmental characteristics of each plantation are as follows. In relation to the upper species of each cultivated area, Sancheong area is a natural forest of oaks (leaved forest), Jinan is a deciduous tree (coniferous forest), Changzhou Rigida pine (coniferous forest), and breeze pine (coniferous forest) is the main upper species. . The slope direction is mainly north slope and north east slope, and soil abundance and stand condition vary according to the plantation. The soil characteristics of each of the cultivated lands are representative of the typical forest soils in Korea. Soil has the characteristics of soybean flour sandy loam or high-quality sandy loam, and only high content of clay in Sancheong. The specific environment of each plantation is shown in Table 1.

On the other hand, in the characteristics of the soil of Table 1 and Table 2, SL is a loam soil, LS is a good quality soil, L is a loam, Lic is a sato.

<Table 1>

Plantation Upper species Slope (°) defense Density (kg / cm ³ ) Soil characteristics Average of species Tree diameter (cm) Height (m) Jinan 1 Larix leptolepis 25 North 19 SL 20 18 Jinan 2 Larix leptolepis 20 North 16 SL 19 21 Jinan 3 Larix leptolepis 15 East 15 LS 31 16 Sangju 1 Pinus rigida 35 North 13 LS 25 15 Sangju 2 Pinus rigida 25 northwestward 16 LS 28 17 Sangju 3 Pinus rigida 20 East 20 SL 25 16 Punggi 1 Pinus densiflora 25 North 18 LS 14 9 Punggi 2 Pinus densiflora 28 northwestward 13 SL 20 14 Punggi 3 Pinus densiflora 35 northeastward 16 SL 18 10 Sancheong 1 Quercus acutissima 25 northwestward 16 L 11 11 Sancheong 2 Quercus acutissima 20 northeastward 17 Lic 18 13 Sancheong 3 Quercus acutissima 25 northwestward 16 L 12 10

As shown in Table 2, soil acidity is weakly acidic soil, total nitrogen is 0.4-0.9% and organic matter is 4-9%. The cation affinity is diverse in the range of 0.2-1.5 in calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, and the phosphate is about 20-75ppm.

<Table 2>

Plantation Kinds Soil characteristics pH Organic matter content (%) Small amount of whole matter (%) Phosphate (ppm) Cation affinity K Na Ca Mg Jinan 1 Larix leptolepis SL 5.00 4.6 0.57 40.1 0.24 0.34 0.76 0.85 Jinan 2 Larix leptolepis SL 4.52 4.2 0.45 35.5 0.30 0.32 0.94 0.58 Jinan 3 Larix leptolepis LS 4.55 5.3 0.52 34.0 0.42 0.53 0.84 0.76 Sangju 1 Pinus rigida LS 4.67 5.7 0.76 68.2 0.74 0.59 0.68 0.62 Sangju 2 Pinus rigida LS 4.97 7.4 0.63 25.4 0.65 0.97 0.75 0.75 Sangju 3 Pinus rigida SL 4.4 6.7 0.62 23.3 0.23 1.23 0.84 0.68 Punggi 1 Pinus densiflora LS 5.4 4.7 0.76 63.4 0.59 0.46 0.76 0.74 Punggi 2 Pinus densiflora SL 4.22 4.5 0.48 37.5 0.78 0.67 0.86 0.75 Punggi 3 Pinus densiflora SL 5.5 7.6 0.59 61.4 0.78 0.93 0.75 0.78 Sancheong 1 Quercus acutissima L 5.7 5.5 0.85 75.5 0.69 0.85 0.95 0.75 Sancheong 2 Quercus acutissima Lic 5.7 6.6 0.92 68.2 0.75 0.67 0.82 0.86 Sancheong 3 Quercus acutissima L 5.5 7.8 0.84 60.4 0.74 0.75 0.87 0.87

In addition to the areas shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, the coniferous forests, deciduous forests, mixed forests (mixed conifers and deciduous trees) were further selected in the resident area. The deciduous forests of Sangju area are dominated by oak and oyster oak, and coniferous trees are dominated by pine and rigida pine, while the mixed forest is dominated by pine, acacia and oak. In the resident area, each coniferous, deciduous, and mixed forest is located at a distance from each other. Generally, the direction is southeast and the slope is about 4 ~ 7 °. The altitude above sea level is about 120 m in all three regions (see Table 3).

<Table 3>

clinical Latitude Hardness defense Slope (°) Altitude (m) Deciduous forest 36 ° 22 '0 " 128 ° 8 '0 " SE 4 120 Coniferous forest SE 5 110 Mixed forest SE 7 115

All of the above-mentioned cultivated gaseous characteristics, which are the subjects of the experiment, ranged from -10 ° C. to 30 ° C. during the year, and particularly, at the time when the ground part of hemps appeared in April, an appropriate temperature of about 10 ° C. was required. In addition, the atmospheric humidity is very diverse in relation to rainfall, and the temperature change of the basement of the hemp showed that deciduous leaves fell due to high-temperature stress at about 28 ° C when the leaves fell.

In this experiment, seeds were harvested from the three or five generations of three generations of three or three generations of each of the above cultivated lands (leaved forest, coniferous forest, mixed forest (Sangju)). In order to use as a comparative group of the present experiment, seeds were collected from three years old to five years of the first generation of three types of coniferous and mixed forests (Sangju).

In general, the number of flowers of hemp is different depending on growth conditions, weather conditions, and annual growth. Flowers bloom in early May and fruits are harvested in July. Fruits begin to open from 2 years of age, with less than 10-20 fruits in 10 years. When planted with seeds or seedlings, seeds can be harvested from 3 years of age.

The number of harvested seedlings for each cultivated land (leaves, conifers, and mixed forests) is shown in Table 4.

<Table 4>

Deciduous forest Coniferous forest Hyo Lim First generation (comparative group) 8-10 7-9 7-9 Second generation (experimental group) 8 to 15 8 to 13 7 to 14 Third generation (experimental group) 8 to 17 7 to 15 7 to 15

Seed number of seeds of each generation of deciduous forest, coniferous forest, and mixed forest does not show a big difference. However, as shown in Table 4, the number of seed crops increases as generation increases.

The seed size of each coniferous, coniferous, and mixed forest was investigated. Seed size of each generation showed no significant difference as shown in Table 5. Seed weight is approximately 4-5 g per 100 seeds.

<Table 5>

Deciduous forest Coniferous forest Hyo Lim First generation (comparative group) 0.4-0.5cm 0.4-0.5cm 0.4-0.5cm Second generation (experimental group) 0.4-0.5cm 0.4-0.5cm 0.4-0.5cm Third generation (experimental group) 0.4-0.5cm 0.4-0.5cm 0.4-0.5cm

Afterwards, the seeded seeds were opened, and some of them were sown on selected plantations, and others were sown on the same forest, grown as seedlings, and then planted on selected plantations. Here, the seed to be sown is sown in the same conditions as the forest in which the seed is grown, and the seedling to be transplanted is preferably transplanted into the forest under the same condition as the forest in which the mined seedling is grown. Specifically, if the seeds or seedlings are cultivated or mined in a deciduous forest, all the seeded or mined seedlings are also sown or transplanted into the forest of the active forest, and the seeds or mined seedlings collected in the coniferous forest are It is preferable that the seeds or mined seedlings sown in the mixed forest are sown or transplanted into the forest land of the mixed forest.

On the other hand, sowing of seeds and transplanting seedlings was carried out under the same conditions as described above.

First, the survival rate of each seed sown in each field was examined. Survival rates were calculated based on hemp growing for at least 4 years after sowing.

Table 6 examines the survival rate of each generation in the deciduous forest.

<Table 6, Hardwoods>

Number sown Surviving numbers Survival rate First generation (comparative group) 100 57 57% Second generation (experimental group) 100 76 76% Third generation (experimental group) 100 89 89%

Table 7 examines the survival rate of each generation in coniferous forests.

<Table 7, Coniferous Trees>

Number sown Surviving numbers Survival rate First generation (comparative group 100 42 42% Second generation (experimental group) 100 61 61% Third generation (experimental group) 100 73 73%

Table 8 examines the survival rate of each generation in mixed forests.

<Table 8, Mixed Forest>

Number sown Surviving numbers Survival rate First generation (comparative bacteria) 100 48 48% Second generation (experimental group) 100 67 67% Third generation (experimental group) 100 78 78%

As can be seen in Tables 6 to 8, it can be seen that the survival rate of the ginseng is improved when the seed is sown and seeded from high-generation ginseng. And, although there is no big difference, it can be confirmed that the survival rate of hemp is high in the order of deciduous forest, mixed forest and coniferous forest. It is considered that the organic matter in the forest is high in the broad-leaved forest, the temperature change of the soil is small due to the warming effect of the fallen leaves, and the survival rate is high due to the easy humidity control. On the other hand, coniferous forests have a high survival rate due to high acidification of soil, low organic matter content, high soil temperature and humidity change due to constitutive action (herbicidal components) to other plants such as tannin, rosin, alinopsin, etc. This is found to be low.

Seeds were sown in different plantings (leaves, conifers, mixed forests) and their survival rates were investigated. In this experiment, three generations of seeds were selected and used, and the survival rates were calculated based on the hemps that survived at the end of April after sowing in each cultivated area (leaves, coniferous, mixed forests) in November. And Table 11, respectively. In this experiment, the seeds were sown at less than 3 cm deep, 3 cm-5 cm deep, and 5 cm-10 cm deep.

Table 9: Hardwoods

Number sown Surviving numbers Survival rate Less than 3cm 100 85 85% 3cm-5cm 100 89 89% 5cm-10cm 100 72 72%

Table 10: Coniferous Forest

Number sown Surviving numbers Survival rate Less than 3cm 100 79 79% 3cm-5cm 100 82 82% 5cm-10cm 100 71 71%

<Table 11: Mixed Forest>

Number sown Surviving numbers Survival rate Less than 3cm 100 81 81% 3cm-5cm 100 82 82% 5cm-10cm 100 71 71%

As confirmed from Table 9 to Table 11, when seeding to a depth of 5cm in 3cm, the survival rate was high in the deciduous forest, coniferous forest, mixed forest.

The length of the roots of ginseng was investigated according to the height of the head of each plantation (leaves, coniferous forest, mixed forest). In this experiment, three generations of hemp seeds were used as seeds, and the root length was measured based on four years after sowing. The width of the pike was 50cm or more, and the height of the pike was less than 10cm, 10cm-15cm, and 15cm-20cm.

As shown in Table 12 below, the root length of the ginseng was not significantly different depending on the heights of the heads of the deciduous forests, coniferous forests, and mixed forests, but the heights of the cedars were higher than 15 cm-20 cm. When the root length growth was confirmed to be good.

Table 12

Deciduous forest Coniferous forest Mixed forest Less than 10cm 5cm-12cm 3cm-11.6cm 5cm-12cm 10cm-15cm 7cm-15cm 5cm-13cm 6 cm-15 cm 15cm-20cm or more 9 cm-23 cm 7cm-18cm 9 cm-20 cm

Next, the specific experimental example at the time of growing a ginseng by the 2nd method (the method of growing and transplanting seedlings) is demonstrated.

The survival rate of ginseng surviving more than 4 years after transplanting seedlings was investigated.

The number of seedlings transplanted to each plantation is 100 each, and the number of ginseng surviving more than 4 years is shown in Table 13.

TABLE 13

Deciduous forest Coniferous forest Mixed forest First generation (comparative bacteria) 65 53 59 Second generation (experimental group) 81 74 77 Third generation (experimental group) 92 82 85

As can be seen in Table 13, it can be seen that the transplantation of year-old seedlings and year-old seedlings is significantly higher in deciduous forests, coniferous forests, and mixed forests than when seeding. In addition, the results shown in Table 14 and Table 15 show that the survival rate is higher when the two-year seedlings are transplanted than the one-year seedlings. And, the higher the generation, the higher the survival rate. In addition, when ginseng seedlings of 1 year and 2 years were transplanted, the root shape, thickness, fuselage length, and branched root development of ginseng were better than that of seeding with seed, and the weight of root was also increased.

Specifically, as shown in Table 14 and Table 15, it can be seen that even the first-year and second-year seedlings, the heavier the weight of the root, the heavier the generation. It is understood that the higher the generation, the better the adaptability and growth.

<Table 14, 1-year seedlings>

Deciduous forest Coniferous forest Mixed forest First generation (comparative bacteria) 0.1g-0.4g 0.1g-0.3g 0.1g-0.3g Second generation (experimental group) 0.2g-0.5g 0.2g-0.4g 0.2g-0.5g Third generation (experimental group) 0.2g-0.6g 0.2g-0.5g 0.2g-0.5g

<Table 15, For 2 Year Old Seedlings>

Deciduous forest Coniferous forest Mixed forest First generation (comparative bacteria) 0.1g-0.5g 0.1g-0.3g 0.1g-0.4g Second generation (experimental group) 0.2g-0.6g 0.2g-0.5g 0.2g-0.5g Third generation (experimental group) 0.2g-0.8g 0.2g-0.6g 0.2g-0.7g

Then, as shown in Table 16 to Table 18, seedlings were transplanted to each cultivation area (leaved forest, coniferous forest, mixed forest) by depth to examine the survival rate of ginseng according to the transplant depth. In these experiments, seeds were harvested from three generations of hemps through one and two generations at each plantation. Seeds were produced at each clinical seedlings in artificially ripened and opened condition for about 3 months. Seedlings were seeded at the beginning of November and mined after 16 to 32 months, seeded at each clinic by depth (3 cm to 20 cm) and covered with an organic layer. From the beginning of March to the middle of April, seedlings were planted in each plantation, and the survival rate was examined based on the number of surviving ginseng at the end of May. In this experiment, seedlings were transplanted to a depth of 3cm-5cm, a depth of 5cm-10cm, and a depth of 10cm-20cm.

Table 16: Hardwoods

Transplanted Surviving numbers Survival rate 3cm-5cm 100 89 89% 5cm-10cm 100 90 90% 10cm-20cm 100 93 93%

Table 17: Coniferous Forest

Transplanted Surviving numbers Survival rate 3cm-5cm 100 89 89% 5cm-10cm 100 90 90% 10cm-20cm 100 93 93%

<Table 18: Mixed Forest>

Transplanted Surviving numbers Survival rate 3cm-5cm 100 89 89% 5cm-10cm 100 90 90% 10cm-20cm 100 93 93%

As confirmed from Table 16 to Table 18, there is no significant difference in the survival rate of the deciduous forest, coniferous forest, and mixed forest.

The growth data of four-year-old and five-year-old ginseng sown were examined. The study was conducted in the case of broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest and mixed forest (see Table 19).

Table 19

age Plantation Hemp Underground part of hemp Stem Length (cm) Branch length (mm) Leaf width (cm) Leaf length (cm) Granule length (cm) Root Length (cm) Root Diameter (mm) Root Weight (g) 4 years Hardwood 9.2 1.2 2.4 5.9 1.2 12.4 6.7 0.8 softwood 8.5 1.1 2.2 5.8 1.1 11.6 6.2 0.7 Mixed forest 8.4 1.1 2.3 5.1 1.1 12.1 6.1 0.7 5 years Hardwood 10.2 1.3 2.6 6.7 1.3 12.9 6.8 0.9 softwood 9.4 1.2 2.4 6.4 1.2 11.8 6.7 0.8 Mixed forest 9.4 1.1 2.4 6.5 1.3 12.0 6.2 0.8

As shown in Table 19, it was found that hemp growth in the deciduous forests was slightly better than in the coniferous and mixed forests, which was caused by the complexities caused by the degree of deterioration, relative humidity, and soil temperature by the species of each plantation. Inferred by

The five-year-old ginseng and 10-year-old ginseng grown as described above were collected and analyzed for active ingredients. The active ingredients were compared using an extraction label by the aqueous solution extraction method. The active ingredient analysis of the collected ginseng was used extraction method using hot water according to the saponin extraction method.

The main pharmacological components of saponin are composed of components that are effective in improving immune function, suppressing pain, promoting hormone secretion, analgesic and promoting fat metabolism, central inhibition and neurostable. Therefore, pharmacological components were extracted from these ingredients and their contents were investigated. As shown in Figure 3, the active ingredient according to the years of cultivation of hemp is higher in 10 years than in 5 years. In particular, Re (stimulating hormone secretion) and Rb1 (central suppression and mental stability) were higher. It can be seen that there is a difference in pharmacological effects according to natural drainage while cultivating ginseng. Figure 3 is a graph comparing the active ingredient by taking a five-year-old ginseng and 10-year-old ginseng in accordance with the above-described method.

1 is a flow chart for explaining a three cultivation method according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a flow chart for explaining a three cultivation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 3 is a graph comparing the active ingredient harvested 5 years old and 10 years old.

Claims (5)

Obtaining seeds from hemp grown in two or more generations for more than three years through the first generation in any one of the forests of coniferous, coniferous and mixed forests; And And seeding the seed in the forest under the same conditions as the forest in which the seed obtained the seed is grown. Obtaining seeds from hemp grown in two or more generations for more than three years through the first generation in any one of the forests of coniferous, coniferous and mixed forests; Sowing the seed in the forest where the seed obtained; Mining when the seed sown is grown with seedlings of 1 to 2 years old; And And transplanting the seedlings mined in the forest conditions of the same conditions as the seedlings mined forestry. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Further comprising the step of making a pike prior to sowing the seed in the field; The fertilizer is a three cultivation method characterized in that it is provided to have a width of more than 50cm and a height of 15cnm to 20cm. The method of claim 1, Hemp cultivation method, characterized in that the seed sowing to a depth of 5cm to 10cm. The method of claim 2, Ginseng cultivation method, characterized in that for transplanting the seedlings to a depth of 10cm to 20cm.

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