CN112535100A - Method for obtaining purified bupleurum seeds and product thereof - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for obtaining purified bupleurum seeds and a product thereof, wherein the method for obtaining comprises the following steps: soaking bupleurum chinense seeds in gibberellin solution, sowing, topping during planting, carrying out reproductive isolation on flower ears after blooming, and harvesting seeds, namely the purified bupleurum chinense seeds. The bupleurum chinense obtained after the bupleurum chinense seed is cultivated has a plurality of excellent characters, and the excellent characters can be continuously maintained through cultivation of generations, so that the effects of stable seed source and stable quality and content are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a method for obtaining purified bupleurum seeds and a product thereof.
Background
Bupleurum chinense is a herbaceous plant used for many years of crude drugs, and is cylindrical or long cone-shaped, 6-15cm long and 0.3-0.8cm in diameter. The root is enlarged, 3-15 stem bases or short-fiber-shaped leaf bases are remained at the top end, the root is hard and tough, the root is not easy to break, the section is flaky and fibrous, the skin part is light brown, and the wood part is yellow white. Slightly fragrant smell and slightly bitter taste. Can be used for treating exogenous fever, liver depression and qi stagnation, hypochondrium distention and pain, liver depression and blood deficiency, irregular menstruation and the like, is a very good traditional Chinese medicine for relieving exterior syndrome, easing pain and diminishing inflammation, and has very large market demand. The bupleurum is originally a wild Chinese medicinal material, but because the medicine source is insufficient due to the fact that a large number of people dig the bupleurum, the artificial planting of bupleurum chinense becomes a trend to meet the market demand.
However, the artificially planted bupleurum chinense often has the following problems: the bupleurum varieties planted and produced in various regions are different, the growth difference of the varieties is large, the sources still disturb the quality of the bupleurum, and the prices are also different. Namely, the bupleurum seed sources are disordered due to wide and random introduction, and the quality obviously cannot meet the market demand.
CN107347424A discloses a planting method of bupleurum chinense, which comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a hillside terrace with sandy soil or humus soil, and fertilizing and bedding before sowing; then, in the middle 3 th to 4 th of the month every year, adopting a direct seeding mode, watering seeds thoroughly before seeding, and performing row-spacing drill seeding according to the row spacing of 17-20cm after water seeps; the depth of the ditch is 1.8-2cm, seeds are uniformly scattered, the soil is covered by 1-1.5cm, 1.5-2kg of seeds are used per mu, the soil is always kept wet, and the seedlings emerge after about 10-12 days; then carrying out field management and pest control; and finally, harvesting after sowing and growing for 1-2 years, wherein the harvesting is carried out when the plants begin to wither in autumn and before new shoots do not grow in spring. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and the quality of the radix bupleuri planted by the method is stable and the yield is high.
CN107646561A discloses a planting method of bupleurum chinense, which comprises the following steps: (1) treating bupleurum chinense seeds before sowing; (2) sowing and field management after sowing; the seeds are treated before sowing, so that the seed dormancy is effectively broken, the cell activity of the seeds is improved, the enzyme activity of the seeds is enhanced, and a good foundation is laid for high yield and high quality; after sowing, the root fertilizer liquid is combined with the foliage spraying nutrient solution, so that the drought resistance and the stress resistance of the seedlings are enhanced, the green turning capability of the seedlings is enhanced, the green growth of leaves is effectively improved, the photosynthesis efficiency of the seedlings is improved, the metabolic process of bupleurum chinense plants is enhanced, the accumulation and distribution of dry matters are positively regulated, the accumulation of the dry matters is promoted, the robust growth of roots is effectively promoted, the synthesis and the accumulation of medicinal effective components of the roots are promoted, the yield is effectively increased, and the medicinal value of the seedlings is effectively improved.
However, in the prior art, the records on how to obtain bupleurum or bupleurum seeds with excellent properties, particularly the bupleurum seeds which fully meet the description of Chinese pharmacopoeia on the properties of bupleurum, are limited, so that the development of a purified bupleurum seed with excellent properties is very meaningful.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an obtaining method of purified bupleurum seeds and a product thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum seeds, comprising the following steps: soaking bupleurum chinense seeds in gibberellin solution, sowing, topping during planting, carrying out reproductive isolation on flower ears after blooming, and harvesting seeds, namely the purified bupleurum chinense seeds.
The invention adopts a series of coherent technical means of firstly treating seeds with gibberellin, then carrying out topping treatment during planting and finally carrying out reproductive isolation on flower ears, thus obtaining purified bupleurum seeds, wherein the bupleurum obtained by carrying out cultivation for several generations meets all properties of bupleurum chinense described in Chinese pharmacopoeia, including cylindrical or long conical shape, 6-15cm long and 0.3-0.8cm diameter; the root is enlarged, the residual stem base number at the top end is more, and the lower part is branched; the surface is black brown or light brown; hard and tough, not easy to break, fibrous in cross section, light brown in skin and yellow-white in wood; slightly fragrant smell and slightly bitter taste; the xylem conduit layers on the cross sections are arranged in a plurality of concentric rings; contains saikosaponin a (C)42H68O13) And saikosaponin d (C)42H68O13) The total amount of (B) is not less than 0.3%. And the excellent characters can be continuously reserved through generation-by-generation cultivation, so that the effects of stable seed source and stable quality and content are ensured.
Preferably, the mode of carrying out reproductive isolation on the flower spike is to seal the flower spike sleeve bag.
Preferably, the sealing of the spica bag is that the spica is sleeved into a kraft paper bag for sealing.
Preferably, growth hormone treatment is also performed during the planting period.
Preferably, the growth hormone treatment is performed continuously after the topping treatment.
Preferably, the temperature at the time of sowing is 20 to 30 ℃, for example, 20 ℃, 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, or 30 ℃ and the like.
Preferably, the air humidity at sowing is 50-80%, such as 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80% and the like.
During sowing, the temperature range of 20-30 ℃ and the humidity reaction of 50-80% are selected to enable bupleurum chinense seeds to be easier to break soil and emerge.
The whole cultivation period for obtaining the purified bupleurum seeds lasts for 2 to 2 and a half years.
Preferably, the soil moisture is maintained between 55-75%, such as 55%, 60%, 65%, 68%, 70%, 72%, 75% or the like, during said planting.
Preferably, the temperature for soaking the bupleurum chinense seeds with the gibberellin solution is 25-30 deg.C, such as 25 deg.C, 26 deg.C, 27 deg.C, 28 deg.C, 29 deg.C or 30 deg.C.
Preferably, the bupleurum chinense seeds are soaked in gibberellin solution until the water content is 15-20%, such as 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, etc.
Preferably, during the soaking period, the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 3-5min (e.g. 3min, 4min or 5 min) every 15-20min (e.g. 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min, 19min or 20min, etc.).
Preferably, the concentration of the gibberellin solution is 10-50mg/L, such as 10mg/L, 20mg/L, 30mg/L, 40mg/L, or 50mg/L, etc., preferably 20 mg/L.
The gibberellin solution is used for soaking seeds to promote the emergence of seedlings of the bupleurum, the roots can grow better in the same growth period, and the promotion effect is most obvious when the concentration is selected to be within the range of 10-50mg/L, particularly 20 mg/L; the temperature of the soaking, the degree of soaking and the sonication are all key factors affecting this promotion, which is most pronounced when it meets the above preferred conditions.
Preferably, the topping treatment is carried out by topping the plants to a height of 20-40cm, such as 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm or 40cm, etc., preferably 30cm, from the ground.
The topping height of the plants is also one of the key factors influencing the character of the bupleurum seeds, and when the topping height is within the range of 20-40cm, particularly 30cm, the characters of all aspects are better.
Preferably, the topping treatment is carried out when the Bupleurum plants are grown to a height of 50-60cm from the ground, for example 50cm, 52cm, 54cm, 55cm, 56cm, 58cm or 60cm etc.
Preferably, the topping is carried out at a temperature of 25-35 ℃, e.g., 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 32 ℃, or 35 ℃.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides bupleurum chinense seeds obtained by the method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a series of coherent technical means of firstly treating seeds with gibberellin, then carrying out topping treatment during planting and finally carrying out reproductive isolation on flower ears, thus obtaining purified bupleurum seeds, wherein the bupleurum obtained by cultivating the bupleurum seeds meets all the properties of bupleurum chinense described in Chinese pharmacopoeia, including cylindrical or long conical shape, 6-15cm long and 0.3-0.8cm diameter; the root is enlarged, the residual stem base number at the top end is more, and the lower part is branched; the surface is black brown or light brown; hard and tough, not easy to break, fibrous in cross section, light brown in skin and yellow-white in wood; slightly fragrant smell and slightly bitter taste; the xylem conduit layers on the cross sections are arranged in a plurality of concentric rings; contains saikosaponin a (C)42H68O13) And saikosaponin d (C)42H68O13) The total amount of (B) is not less than 0.3%. And the excellent characters can be continuously reserved through generation-by-generation cultivation, so that the effects of stable seed source and stable quality and content are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the root of Bupleurum chinense obtained by replanting the purified seeds harvested in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the root of Bupleurum chinense obtained by replanting the non-purified seeds harvested in comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.
The original bupleurum seeds used in all the following examples are collected in the mountain area of the first root of Zhen Ma in the New Jiang county of the province of Shanxi province, and are identified as wild bupleurum seeds of bupleurum chinense by the specialist of the drug inspection institute of Shanxi province.
All the bupleurum seeds used in the following examples are passed through a roller, rubbed and sieved by air before use, and high-quality plump seeds are selected.
The gibberellins used in all of the following examples were 20% gibberellic acid GA3-920, a powder.
The cultivation of Bupleurum in all the following examples is carried out on the first mountain of Zhengtun village in Xinjiang county, Hengzhong province, Shanxi province.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an obtaining method of purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking bupleuri radix seed with 20mg/L gibberellin solution at 30 deg.C, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min every 20min during soaking period until water content is 20%;
(2) sowing the seeds treated in the step (1) in the last 6 th ten days;
(3) then, topping the plants from the first 6 th ten days to the last 8 th ten days of the next year, topping the plants to 30cm after the plants grow to 60cm each time, and spraying growth hormone to the plants after topping each time; during this period soil moisture is maintained at 55-75%;
(4) sealing the spica into a kraft paper bag after blooming, and harvesting purified bupleurum chinense seeds in the 10 th late month of the third year.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an obtaining method of purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking bupleurum chinense seeds in 30mg/L gibberellin solution at 25 deg.C, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 3min every 15min during soaking period until the water content is 15%;
(2) sowing the seeds treated in the step (1) in the last 6 th ten days;
(3) then, topping the plants from the first 6 th ten days to the last 8 th ten days of the next year, topping the plants to 40cm after the plants grow to 60cm each time, and spraying growth hormone to the plants after topping each time; during this period soil moisture is maintained at 55-75%;
(4) sealing the spica into a kraft paper bag after blooming, and harvesting purified bupleurum chinense seeds in the 10 th late month of the third year.
Example 3
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the bupleurum chinense seeds are soaked in the step (1) until the water content is 10%, and other operation conditions are consistent.
Example 4
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the bupleurum chinense seeds are soaked in the step (1) until the water content is 30%, and other operation conditions are consistent.
Example 5
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of gibberellin in step (1) is 10mg/L, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 6
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of gibberellin in step (1) is 50mg/L, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 7
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of gibberellin in step (1) is 5mg/L, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 8
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of gibberellin in step (1) is 60mg/L, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 9
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that in step (3), the top is cut to 20cm after each growth to 60cm, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 10
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the top is cut to 40cm after each growth to 60cm in step (3), and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 11
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that in step (3), the top is cut to 15cm after each growth to 60cm, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 12
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that in step (3), the top is cut to 45cm after each growth to 60cm, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Example 13
This example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which differs from example 1 only in that no growth hormone treatment is applied to the plants in step (3), but the topping treatment method is consistent with example 1, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which differs from example 1 only in that the plants are not subjected to topping treatment in step (3), but the growth hormone treatment mode is consistent with example 1, and other operating conditions are consistent.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a method for obtaining purified bupleurum chinense seeds, which differs from example 1 only in that no gibberellin solution is used to pretreat bupleurum chinense seeds in step (1), and other operating conditions are kept consistent.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a method for obtaining unpurified bupleurum chinense seeds, which is different from example 1 only in that the spica is not treated after flowering in step (4), and unpurified bupleurum chinense seeds are harvested in late 10 th of the third year.
Test example 1
The seeds of purified bupleurum chinense obtained in examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-3 were planted in a conventional manner, specifically referring to example 1, without external effects such as gibberellin treatment, growth hormone treatment and topping treatment, and bupleurum chinense was finally harvested.
The harvested bupleurum chinense is subjected to the following characteristic evaluation. The number of samples per group was 10, and all data below were averaged. Meanwhile, the seeds harvested in example 1 without the spike of bupleurum chinense nested in kraft paper bag and sealed are also planted conventionally, and the harvested bupleurum chinense is used as comparative example 3.
(1) Root appearance.
(2) Root length.
(3) Root diameter.
(4) Root mean weight.
(5) Average number of shoot bases remained.
(6) Average number of concentric rings of cross-section.
(7) Average number of days of emergence.
(8) Saikosaponin a (C)42H68O13) And saikosaponin d (C)42H68O13) The total amount of (a). The determination method adopts liquid chromatography for determination.
The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1: the method provided by the invention enables the obtained bupleurum chinense seeds to meet all properties of bupleurum chinense described in Chinese pharmacopoeia after being cultivated. Compared with the data of the examples 1 to 8, the concentration of gibberellin and the water content of the soaked seeds have important influence on the seedling emergence time of the seeds, and the concentration of gibberellin and the water content of the soaked seeds is 10 to 50mg/L, so that the gibberellin is more favorable for the rapid germination and growth of the seeds and more favorable for the growth of roots.
Comparing the data of example 1 and examples 9-12, the number of stem residues, the weight of root, the number of concentric rings of cross section and the total amount of saikosaponin are influenced by the height of topping, and the height is controlled to 20-40cm, so that bupleurum with better properties can be harvested.
Comparing the data of example 1 and example 13, growth hormone treatment of bupleurum after topping resulted in better performance of the obtained bupleurum.
Comparing the data of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2, if the Bupleurum chinense seeds are not treated by topping or soaked with gibberellin, it is not favorable for the good character of Bupleurum chinense after seed cultivation.
The root sections of harvested bupleurum chinense after replanting the seeds obtained in example 1 and comparative example 3 are observed and identified as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 (fig. 1 is a section of the root of the harvested bupleurum chinense in example 1, and fig. 2 is a section of the root of the harvested bupleurum chinense in comparative example 3), and it can be seen from the following figures: the xylem conduit layers of the root section of the radix bupleuri obtained by another round of planting of the purified radix bupleuri seeds are arranged in 4-5 concentric rings; and only 1-2 concentric circular ring-shaped arrangement of xylem conduit layers of root section of Bupleurum root obtained by another round of planting are arranged on non-purified Bupleurum seed.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above examples to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (10)
1. A method for obtaining purified bupleurum seeds is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: soaking bupleurum chinense seeds in gibberellin solution, sowing, topping during planting, carrying out reproductive isolation on flower ears after blooming, and harvesting seeds, namely the purified bupleurum chinense seeds.
2. The method for obtaining the purified bupleurum seeds of claim 1, wherein the tassel is isolated by reproductive isolation by bagging and sealing;
preferably, the sealing of the spica bag is that the spica is sleeved into a kraft paper bag for sealing.
3. The method for obtaining the purified bupleurum seeds as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein during said planting period, a growth hormone treatment is further performed;
preferably, the growth hormone treatment is performed continuously after the topping treatment.
4. The method for obtaining the purified seeds of Bupleurum chinense Mill as claimed in any of claims 1-3, wherein the temperature for sowing is 20-30 deg.C;
preferably, the air humidity at the time of sowing is 50-80%.
5. The method for obtaining the purified seeds of Bupleurum chinense DC. of any of claims 1-4, wherein the soil moisture during said planting is maintained at 55-75%.
6. The method for obtaining the purified bupleurum seeds of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temperature for soaking bupleurum seeds in gibberellin solution is 25-30 ℃;
preferably, the bupleurum chinense seeds are soaked in gibberellin solution until the water content is 15-20%;
preferably, the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 3-5min every 15-20min during the soaking period.
7. The method for obtaining the purified bupleurum seeds of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the concentration of said gibberellin solution is 10-50mg/L, preferably 20 mg/L.
8. The method for obtaining the purified seeds of Bupleurum chinense Mill as claimed in any of claims 1-7, wherein the topping treatment is topping the plant to a height of 20-40cm, preferably 30cm from the ground.
9. The method for obtaining the purified seeds of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium as claimed in any of claims 1-8, wherein said topping treatment is carried out when the Bupleurum scorzonerifolium plants grow to a height of 50-60cm from the ground;
preferably, the topping operation is carried out at a temperature of 25-35 ℃.
10. Bupleurum chinense seed obtained by the method of any one of claims 1-9.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105309176A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-02-10 | 湖北神农本草中药饮片有限公司 | A high-efficiency planting method for radix bupleuri |
| CN107347422A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-17 | 张涛 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of radix bupleuri |
| CN110870449A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-03-10 | 雷雨婷 | Cultivation method of radix bupleuri |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105309176A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-02-10 | 湖北神农本草中药饮片有限公司 | A high-efficiency planting method for radix bupleuri |
| CN107347422A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-17 | 张涛 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of radix bupleuri |
| CN110870449A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-03-10 | 雷雨婷 | Cultivation method of radix bupleuri |
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