CN105724173A - Two-stage seedling culture method for Aluns Cremastogyne Burk. - Google Patents
Two-stage seedling culture method for Aluns Cremastogyne Burk. Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724173A CN105724173A CN201610170858.1A CN201610170858A CN105724173A CN 105724173 A CN105724173 A CN 105724173A CN 201610170858 A CN201610170858 A CN 201610170858A CN 105724173 A CN105724173 A CN 105724173A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage seedling culture method for Aluns Cremastogyne Burk..The method is divided into the seed parent field culture stage and the field row planting and propagating stage.The seed parent field culture state includes the steps of firstly, processing seeds; secondly, sowing seeds; thirdly, keeping the humidity of a greenhouse at 60-65%, the keeping the average temperature at 22-24 DEG C, covering a seedbed with saw powder or straw after young seedlings come up, and conducting topdressing once with diluted night soil after 4-5 leaves grow on each seedling.The field row planting and propagating stage includes the following steps of firstly, transplanting bud seedlings; secondly, conducting post-transplantation management.Seedlings cultured through the method are short in come-out period, large in root nodule number, neat and robust, first-stage and second-stage seedlings reach 90% or above after transplantation, the emergence rate is high, and the survival rate is high after plantation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nursery stock breeding field, be specifically related to a kind of Alnus cremastogyne two-stages seeding method.
Background technology
Alnus cremastogyne (Alnu scremastogyne Burk) is birch undergraduate course Alder deciduous tree, and material is light and soft, hardness
Moderate, content of cellulose is higher, and content of ashes is medium, and extract content is relatively low, is that collection pulpwood, yule logs, feedstuff and greening are controlled
The multi-functional seeds that famine is integrated.Alnus cremastogyne has root nodule mattress, for important non-pulse family nitrogen fixing tree, every 100 strain alders
Root nodule can be equivalent to the nitrogen of the ammonium sulfate fertilizer efficiency of 15 kg every year on average to soil increase, can improve soil and prevent artificial forest land
Power fails.The self regulation of Alnus cremastogyne plantation and " fattening oneself " ability, the Sichuan Basin forest on the low side to soil nitrogen concentrations is raw
State system improves the action effect highly significant of nitrogen utilization efficiency.Due to some inherent characters of Alnus cremastogyne, become
For world hot research seeds.
The propagation method of Alnus cremastogyne uses conventional seed planting nursery, substantially due to the least (the every kg100 140 of seed at present
Wan Li, during nursery, every mu of application rate only needs 2.0-3.0kg), during germination, root and bud are the most delicate, and growth is slow, and about 40d sprouts
Bud is unearthed, nursery germination percent low (less than 50%).Carry out thinning or transplanting when seedling grows to 5-6 sheet true leaf, plant fibrous root then
Sprouting few, root nodule few (in irregular shape), growing way is weak, transplanting survival rate low (less than 80%), and output of seedling is few (emerges 2.0 ten thousand for every mu
About strain).(mark with reference to place, Sichuan Province---alder seeding and seedling raising technical regulation DB51/T 1162-2010).
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Alnus cremastogyne two-stages seeding method, solve people in existing seed seedling-raising technology
Work cultivates that growth is slow, root nodule is few, nursery germination percent and the problem such as transplanting survival rate is low, output of seedling is few.
The technical scheme is that a kind of Alnus cremastogyne two-stages seeding method, be divided into kind of primary and secondary field breeding phase and
Land for growing field crops row's cultivation is bred the stage, and the step in seed seedling-raising stage is as follows:
(1) seed treatment: soak after Alnus cremastogyne seed with potassium permanganate liquid, then soak with clear water, pick up the seed of sinking with
Fine earth is mixed together.
(2) sowing: use greenhouse facility ridging nursery, by the seed broadcasting after step (1) process on seedling bed, earthing
After water permeable.
(3) booth humidity 60-65% is kept, mean temperature 22-24 DEG C, with sawdust or rice straw mulching seedbed after coming up,
After seedling grows 4 true leaves, topdress 1 time with dilution night soil.
The step in cultivation stage is as follows:
(1) sprout is transplanted: start after pouring water in right amount when seedling grows 6～8 true leaves to transplant, and waters foot immediately and determine root after transplanting
Water.
(2) management after transplanting: every light night soil of executing of 10d after surviving, goes out garden afforestation after the 6-8 month.
Further, the step of seed seedling-raising is:
(1) seed treatment: after soaking seed 2min with 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid, then soak 24h with clear water, pick up the seed of sinking
Together with mixing with fine earth；
(2) sowing: use greenhouse facility ridging nursery, broadcast sowing on seedling bed by the application rate of 10kg every mu, irrigate after earthing
Water；
(3) keeping booth humidity 60-65%, mean temperature 22-24 DEG C, cover seedbed with sawdust after coming up, seedling grows 4
After sheet true leaf, topdress 1 time with dilution night soil；
The step in cultivation stage is:
(1) sprout is transplanted: starts after pouring water in right amount when seedling grows 6～8 true leaves mid-May to transplant, transplants the strain of seedling
Line-spacing is 10cm × 15cm, waters foot immediately and determine root water after transplanting；
(2) management after transplanting: turn green grass or young crops after seedling replanting 10d and survive, after surviving, every light night soil of executing of 10d, goes out garden after the 6-8 month and makes
Woods.
Further, specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) really ball is plucked: select excellent seed forest raw for 10-15a, it is desirable to really ball is full, bright, without pest and disease damage, really
Ball plucking time is that annual late November is to by the end of December.
(2) dry in the sun: select fine day to carry out dry in the sun, ted at any time, prevent from drenching with rain.
(3) shelling packaging and storage: sort after shelling, the seed cloth bag retaining full seed carries out subpackage, storage
Tibetan temperature, at 8-10 DEG C, prevents from going mouldy；
(4) wholely: select irrigation and drainage convenience, the smooth relatively concealment of physical features, ground moistening, fertile loose sandy loam or light clay,
Also may select that physical features is higher can make seedbed from the paddy field of water again, before being used as bed careful wholely, carefully harrow through deep ploughing, use sufficient base fertilizer and
Ferrous sulfate carries out soil disinfection, every mu of consumption 25kg, pulverizes and spreads fertilizer over the fields；Or 3% ferrous sulfate solution sprays, it is advisable with high bed, presses
Wide 1.2m makees bed, and its length is depending on plot and seed amount, to facilitate field to operate.
(5) seed soaking sterilization: before sowing: with 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid, seed is soaked 2min, then soaks 24h with clear water, will sink
Seed pick up mix with fine earth together with prepare sowing.
(6) sowing was sowed in February in early spring, broadcasts sowing, is uniformly sprinkling upon on seedbed by seed, then covered with the fine earth being sieved through, thickness
Do not surpass 3mm, to lose seed for degree, every mu of application rate 5-10kg, no more than 15kg.
(7) managing after sowing: after planting, puts up a shed with rice straw mulching or with sunshade net, keeps booth humidity 60-65%, mean temperature
22-24 DEG C, should sprinkle water every day 1 time at dry weather, select the cloudy day or take off grass, again with sawdust or pipe nipple rice after coming up at dusk
Straw covering seedbed, Tuzet with 0.1%, carbendazim or thiophanate spray seedbed and be used alternatingly, seedling grow 4 true
Ye Hou, topdresses 1 time with dilution night soil；
(8) sprout is transplanted: at the stable phase of seedling, 6～8 true leaves, i.e. transplants in the first tenday period of a month in May to the middle ten days, first transplants seedlings,
Plant by stages, pour water in right amount before transplanting, then with hands, seedling is mentioned gently, be placed in moisturizing basin, hide with wet towel, transplant
Time dig cave with small scoop, cutter one Seedling, can suitably cut short if main root is long, water foot after transplanting immediately and determine root water, transplanting seedling
Seeding row spacing be 10cm × 15cm；
(9) management after transplanting；If not raining after seedling replanting, watering every day 1 time, seedling is every after surviving, and about 10d is light executes people
Fecaluria or 0.5%～1% carbamide, simultaneously it is noted that prevention and elimination of disease and pests,
(10) after outplanting: 6-8 month alder Seedling the most gradable go out garden afforestation.
The core of the present invention is: after planting, keeps booth mean temperature at 22-24 DEG C, and humidity is at 60-65%.During transplanting
Between must at the stable phase (6～8 true leaves) of seedling, i.e. the first tenday period of a month in May to the middle ten days transplant.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, seedling propagation fast (shifting to an earlier date 20d rudiment than conventional seedbed system to be unearthed), goes out the garden cycle short；
2, root nodule is many, nursery stock is healthy and strong, neat；
3, transplanting survival rate is high (up to more than 98%), and emergence rate is high (every mu up to 2.5-3 ten thousand strain).
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment pulls out 400m in Shuan He Zhenghai, Dazhou City Xuanhan County N31 ° 29 ' 3 " E107 ° 37 ' 24 "
1, the first stage, in the seed seedling-raising stage, comprise the following steps:
(1) really ball is plucked: select excellent seed forest raw for 10-15, it is desirable to really ball is full, bright, without pest and disease damage.Really
Ball plucking time is that annual late November is to by the end of December.
(2) dry in the sun: select fine day to carry out dry in the sun, ted at any time, prevent from drenching with rain.
(3) shelling packaging and storage: sort after shelling, the seed cloth bag retaining full seed carries out subpackage, storage
Tibetan temperature, at 8-10 DEG C, prevents from going mouldy.
(4) wholely: select irrigation and drainage convenience, the smooth relatively concealment of physical features, ground moistening, fertile loose sandy loam or gently glue
Soil, it is possible to select that physical features is higher can make seedbed from the paddy field of water again.Before making bed careful wholely, carefully harrow through deep ploughing, use sufficient base fertilizer
And carry out soil disinfection, every mu of consumption 25kg with ferrous sulfate, pulverize and spread fertilizer over the fields (or 3% ferrous sulfate solution sprays).General with height
Bed is advisable, and can make bed by wide 1.2m, and its length is depending on plot and seed amount, to facilitate field to operate.
(5) seed soaking sterilization: before sowing: with 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid, seed is soaked 2min, then soaks 24h with clear water, will sink
Seed pick up mix with fine earth together with prepare sowing.
(6) sowing: typically sow in February in early spring, early emerges and can strengthen the drought-resistant ability of seedling.Broadcast sowing, seed is uniformly spread
On seedbed, then covering with the fine earth being sieved through, thickness does not surpass 3mm, to lose seed for degree.Every mu of application rate 5-10kg is left
The right side, no more than 15kg.
(7) managing after sowing: after planting, for keeping seedbed moistening and insulation, can use rice straw mulching or puts up a shed with sunshade net, keeping big
Canopy humidity 60-70%, mean temperature 20-25 DEG C.Should sprinkle water every day 1 time at dry weather, select the cloudy day or take off grass at dusk, 20d is left
Can emerge in the right side.After coming up more preferable with sawdust or pipe nipple rice Straw covering seedbed effect again.Alder seedling is not only afraid of drought but also avoid
Water is wet and easy infection damping-off, therefore can spray seedbed with Tuzet, carbendazim or the thiophanate of 0.1% and be used alternatingly.Children
After Seedling grows 4 true leaves, available dilution night soil topdresses 1 time.
2, second stage, cultivates the stage, comprises the following steps:
(1) sprout is transplanted: growing extremely slow after coming up, in two months, height of seedling is less than 5cm, and there will be root nodule and change
Root phenomenon, therefore transplanting time i.e. must be transplanted in the first tenday period of a month in May to the middle ten days at the stable phase (6～8 true leaves) of seedling.Due to
Come up Time Inconsistency, can first transplant seedlings, plant by stages.Should pour water in right amount before transplanting, then with hands, seedling is light
Gently mention, be placed in moisturizing basin (hiding with wet towel).Digging cave with small scoop during transplanting, cutter one Seedling, if main root is long permissible
Suitably cut short.Watering foot after transplanting immediately and determine root water, the seeding row spacing transplanting seedling is 10cm × 15cm, and every per mu yield Seedling amount is up to 1.8
～2.5 ten thousand strains.
(2) management after transplanting.If not raining after seedling replanting, watering every day 1 time, about 7d can turn green grass or young crops and survive.Seedling becomes
Light night soil or the chemical fertilizer (0.5%～1% carbamide) executed of every about 10d after work, simultaneously it is noted that prevention and elimination of disease and pests, autumn, height of seedling was general
Can reach more than 1.0m, footpath, ground is up to more than 0.8cm.
(3) after outplanting: 6-8 month alder Seedling the most gradable go out garden afforestation.Annual seedling height of seedling 1.0-1.8m, footpath, ground >=
0.8, nursery stock robust on is straight, and growth is neat, and I and II Seedling reaches more than 90%.
The two-stages seeding method using the present invention have that seedling propagation is fast, root nodule is many (almost spherical, can by root loop around
One circle), nursery stock healthy and strong (the more conventional nursery of Biomass heavy 1.5-2.0 times), nursery germination percent and emergence rate high, can be wide
It is applied in extensive artificial afforestration, Natural Forest Protection Project and roadside greening production generally.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the detailed description of the invention of the application, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but also
Therefore the restriction to the application protection domain can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, on the premise of conceiving without departing from technical scheme, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into this
The protection domain of application.
Claims (3)
1. an Alnus cremastogyne two-stages seeding method, it is characterised in that be divided into kind of primary and secondary field breeding phase and land for growing field crops row to plant numerous
Educate the stage, plant primary and secondary field breeding phase and comprise the following steps that
(1) seed treatment: soak after Alnus cremastogyne seed with potassium permanganate liquid, then soak with clear water, pick up the seed of sinking with
Fine earth is mixed together；
(2) sowing: using greenhouse facility ridging nursery, the seed broadcasting after step (1) being processed, on seedling bed, waters after earthing
Permeable；
(3) keeping booth humidity 60-65%, mean temperature 22-24 DEG C, with sawdust or rice straw mulching seedbed, seedling after coming up
After growing 4 true leaves, topdress 1 time with dilution night soil；
The cultivation stage comprises the following steps that
(1) sprout is transplanted: start after pouring water in right amount when seedling grows 6～8 true leaves to transplant, and waters foot immediately and determine root after transplanting
Water；
(2) management after transplanting: every 10 days light night soils of executing after surviving, goes out garden afforestation after the 6-8 month.
A kind of Alnus cremastogyne two-stages seeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that plant what primary and secondary field was cultivated
Step is:
(1) seed treatment: after soaking seed 2min with 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid, then soak 24h with clear water, pick up the seed of sinking
Together with mixing with fine earth；
(2) sowing: use greenhouse facility ridging nursery, broadcast sowing on seedling bed by the application rate of 10kg every mu, irrigate after earthing
Water；
(3) keeping booth humidity 60-65%, mean temperature 22-24 DEG C, with sawdust or rice straw mulching seedbed, seedling after coming up
After growing 4 true leaves, topdress 1 time with dilution night soil；
The step in cultivation stage is:
(1) sprout is transplanted: starts after pouring water in right amount when seedling grows 6～8 true leaves mid-May to transplant, transplants the strain of seedling
Line-spacing is 10cm × 15cm, waters foot immediately and determine root water after transplanting；
(2) management after transplanting: seedling replanting turns green grass or young crops after 10 days and survives, every 10 days light night soils of executing after surviving, 6-8 goes out garden after the month
Afforestation.
A kind of Alnus cremastogyne two-stages seeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) really ball is plucked: select excellent seed forest raw for 10-15, it is desirable to really ball is full, bright, without pest and disease damage, really
Ball plucking time is that annual late November is to by the end of December；
(2) dry in the sun: select fine day to carry out dry in the sun, ted at any time, prevent from drenching with rain；
(3) shelling packaging and storage: sort after shelling, the seed cloth bag retaining full seed carries out subpackage, storage temperature
Degree, at 8-10 DEG C, prevents from going mouldy；
(4) wholely: select irrigation and drainage convenience, the smooth relatively concealment of physical features, ground moistening, fertile loose sandy loam or light clay,
Also may select that physical features is higher can make seedbed from the paddy field of water again, before being used as bed careful wholely, carefully harrow through deep ploughing, use sufficient base fertilizer and
Ferrous sulfate carries out soil disinfection, every mu of consumption 25kg, pulverizes and spreads fertilizer over the fields；Or 3% ferrous sulfate solution sprays, make bed by wide 1.2m,
Its length is depending on plot and seed amount, to facilitate field to operate；
(5) seed soaking sterilization: before sowing, soaks 2min by seed with 0.1% potassium permanganate liquid, then soaks 24h with clear water, will sink
Seed pick up mix with fine earth together with prepare sowing；
(6) sowing was sowed in February in early spring, broadcasts sowing, is uniformly sprinkling upon on seedbed by seed, then covered with the fine earth being sieved through, thickness
Do not surpass 3mm, to lose seed for degree, every mu of application rate 5-10kg, no more than 15kg；
(7) managing after sowing: after planting, puts up a shed with rice straw mulching or with sunshade net, keeps booth humidity 60-65%, mean temperature
22-24 DEG C, should sprinkle water every day 1 time at dry weather, select the cloudy day or take off grass, again with sawdust or pipe nipple rice after coming up at dusk
Straw covering seedbed, Tuzet with 0.1%, carbendazim or thiophanate spray seedbed and be used alternatingly, seedling grow 4 true
Ye Hou, topdresses 1 time with dilution night soil；
(8) sprout is transplanted: at the stable phase of seedling, 6～8 true leaves, i.e. transplants in the first tenday period of a month in May to the middle ten days, first transplants seedlings,
Plant by stages, pour water in right amount before transplanting, then with hands, seedling is mentioned gently, be placed in moisturizing basin, hide with wet towel, transplant
Time dig cave with small scoop, cutter one Seedling, can suitably cut short if main root is long, water foot after transplanting immediately and determine root water, transplanting seedling
Seeding row spacing be 10cm × 15cm；
(9) management after transplanting；If not raining after seedling replanting, watering every day 1 time, within after seedling survives every 10 days, light executing night soil
Or 0.5%～1% carbamide, simultaneously it is noted that prevention and elimination of disease and pests；
(10) outplanting: after the 6-8 month alder Seedling the most gradable go out garden afforestation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610170858.1A CN105724173A (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Two-stage seedling culture method for Aluns Cremastogyne Burk. |
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| CN201610170858.1A CN105724173A (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Two-stage seedling culture method for Aluns Cremastogyne Burk. |
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| CN201610170858.1A Pending CN105724173A (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Two-stage seedling culture method for Aluns Cremastogyne Burk. |
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| CN107211817A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 龙泉市林业科学研究院 | Breeding method and the container seedling obtained using it after Schima superba sprout is transplanted |
| CN108450222A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-28 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of improving Alnus formosana Plantation Afforestation Quality |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211817A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 龙泉市林业科学研究院 | Breeding method and the container seedling obtained using it after Schima superba sprout is transplanted |
| CN108450222A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-28 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of improving Alnus formosana Plantation Afforestation Quality |
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Application publication date: 20160706 |