CN104885738A - Layered fertilization cultivation method of annual agricultural economic crops - Google Patents
Layered fertilization cultivation method of annual agricultural economic crops Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104885738A CN104885738A CN201510244616.8A CN201510244616A CN104885738A CN 104885738 A CN104885738 A CN 104885738A CN 201510244616 A CN201510244616 A CN 201510244616A CN 104885738 A CN104885738 A CN 104885738A
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- seedling
- layer
- soil
- hack
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 230000000750 progressive Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
A layered fertilization cultivation method of annual agricultural economic crops comprises steps of soil loosening, disinfection, soil preparation, bait throwing, clay fertilizer application, chemical fertilizer application, organic fertilizer application, soil covering and seedling planting, root protection, watering and the like so as to enable a cultivation base to form a substrate layer (1), a clay fertilizer layer (2), a chemical fertilizer layer (3), an organic fertilizer layer (4), a seedling separation soil layer (5) and a seedling protection soil layer (6) from bottom to top and accordingly the layered fertilization cultivation is achieved. Compared with the existing method that the fertilization is performed after cultivation and green returning of seedlings, the labor is saved, the cultivation is convenient, and the damage to the seedlings when the fertilization is performed later can be avoided; the fertilizer protection is facilitated and the nutrient loss caused by the scattering of the fertilizer due to the rain is avoided; the concentrated supply of the fertilizer is facilitated and the crop growth is facilitated; the fertilization is performed first, then the seedlings are planted, namely that the fertilizer waits for the seedlings, and accordingly fertilizer nutrients can be timely obtained when the seedlings survive and return to green; the growth speed can be improved due to the comprehensive effect of the layered fertilization cultivation method, the healthy growth of the seedlings is achieved, and the harvest is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to arviculture technology, particularly the layer by layer manuring cultivation of annual agricultural economy crop.
Background technology
For annual agricultural economy crop, as cotton, soybean, sesame, Chinese sorghum, potato, garlic etc., generally do not apply fertilizer during its seedling replanting, just loosen the soil, beat nest, plant, earthing mulch, then to sprinkle water, until its survive turn green after refertilize, then topdress.Such reason is that the situation avoiding fertilizer to burn seedling occurs, but also makes seedling cannot obtain necessary fertilizer nutrient in time, is the situation of the fertilizer such as seedling.And also will topdress, add labour cost. later
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned technical problem, provides the method for the seedlings such as a kind of fertilizer, namely can avoid burning seedling, fertilizer needed for seedling can be made again to be supplied in time, can accelerate growth of seedling speed like this, increase economic efficiency.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is the layer by layer manuring cultivation of annual agricultural economy crop, it is characterized in that comprising the steps.
(1) loosen the soil: nursery soil is ploughed deeply, hack.
(2) sterilize: with carbendazim dilution, sterilizing is carried out to seedbed hack.
(3) wholely: raked by the hack on seedbed, be organized into furrow block.
(4) beat nest: nest of planting of lying prone out on furrow block.
(5) apply fertilizer: fertilizer is applied at the bottom of nest.
(6) earthing: cover hack on fertilizer, covers fertilizer, is formed every seedling soil horizon.
(7) carry seedling: seedling of planting on seedling soil horizon.
(8) mulch: cover hack around seedling, hides seedling root and compacting, forms seedling-protection soil horizon.
(9) water: water on seedling-protection soil horizon.
There is provided follow-up fertilizer supply in order to continuous and long-term further, and make to obtain gentle progressive fertilizer supply, fertilising step can be subdivided into three steps and carry out; Its bottom is clay fertilizer mixture, and the clay fertilizer mixture obtained after the weight such as the fertilizer being about to adopt farmers' compost method to obtain and the soil after sterilization mix is laid at the bottom of nest, formation clay fertilizer layer; Its middle level is chemical fertilizer, and namely needed for this season crop, fertilizer structure is laid in above clay fertilizer layer after being mixed by azophoska, forms chemical fertilizer layer; Its upper strata is fertilizer, is about to adopt the obtained fertilizer of farmers''s compost method to be laid in above chemical fertilizer layer, forms fertilizer layer; Like this, feature of the present invention comprises the steps.
(1) loosen the soil: nursery soil is ploughed deeply, hack.
(2) sterilize: with carbendazim dilution, sterilizing is carried out to seedbed hack.
(3) wholely: raked by the hack on seedbed, be organized into furrow block.
(4) beat nest: nest of planting of lying prone out on furrow block.
(5) execute clay fertilizer: the clay fertilizer mixture obtained after the weight such as the fertilizer adopting farmers' compost method to obtain and the soil after sterilization being mixed is laid at the bottom of nest, formation clay fertilizer layer.
(6) to fertilize: needed for this season crop, fertilizer structure is laid in above clay fertilizer layer after being mixed by azophoska, forms chemical fertilizer layer.
(7) organic fertilizer: by adopting the obtained fertilizer of farmers''s compost method to be laid in above chemical fertilizer layer, form fertilizer layer.
(8) earthing: cover hack on fertilizer layer, covered by fertilizer, is formed every seedling soil horizon.
(9) carry seedling: seedling of planting on seedling soil horizon.
(10) mulch: cover hack around seedling, hides seedling root and compacting, forms seedling-protection soil horizon.
(11) water: water on seedling-protection soil horizon.
These steps are adopted to make cultivation basis be configured to substratum, clay fertilizer layer, chemical fertilizer layer, fertilizer layer from bottom to up, every seedling soil horizon, seedling-protection soil horizon, namely complete layer by layer manuring cultivation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows with existing after cultivation and after seedling turns green just fertilising and seedling wait for compared with the method for fertilizer: save labour, facilitate farming, and can avoid occurring that seedling damages when rear fertilising; Be conducive to fertilizer conservation, avoid fertilizer to be broken up by rainwater, occur nutrient loss; Be conducive to fertilizer centralizedly supply, be convenient to plant growth; First apply fertilizer, then plant seedling, namely seedling waited for by fertilizer, seedling can be made to survive when turning green and obtain fertilizer nutrient in time; Its comprehensive function can accelerate growth rate, and seedling is grown up healthy and sound, and increases results.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the tangent plane structural representation of nest of planting in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the tangent plane structural representation of nest of planting after the present invention improves.
In figure: 1. substratum, 2. clay fertilizer layer, 3. chemical fertilizer layer, 4. fertilizer layer, 5. every seedling soil horizon, 6. seedling-protection soil horizon, 7. seedling.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are intended to the present invention instead of limitation of the invention further are described, should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1.
In early March, 2013, the method that applicant company refertilizes after Green Dragon village, dan town, Chongqing adopts the layer by layer manuring cultivation of annual agricultural economy crop and common transplanting seedling turns green respectively carries out transplanting experiment with 10 mu of ground to corn seedling.
Employing the inventive method comprises the steps.
(1) loosen the soil: nursery soil is ploughed deeply about 30cm, then smash soil.
(2) sterilize: with 10000-12000 times of carbendazim dilution, sterilizing is carried out to seedbed hack, thimerosal is mixed thoroughly on hack.
(3) wholely: raked by the hack on seedbed, be organized into furrow block.
(4) beat nest: nest of planting of lying prone out on furrow block, dark about the 20cm of nest.
(5) apply fertilizer: fertilizer is applied at the bottom of nest, fertilizer layer thickness about 5cm, form fertilizer layer.
(6) earthing: cover hack on fertilizer, covers fertilizer, and soil horizon thickness about 5cm, is formed every seedling soil horizon.
(7) carry seedling: at corn seedling of planting on seedling soil horizon.
(8) mulch: cover hack around corn seedling, hides seedling root and compacting, makes surface concordant with ground, forms seedling-protection soil horizon.
(9) water: water on seedling-protection soil horizon.
Thereafter once, the first tenday period of a month in May and early June respectively irrigate once in weeding in the first tenday period of a month in May, topdress once, both gathered in the crops and obtained corn 4035kg, per mu yield 403.5kg at the beginning of 7 months after irrigating the first tenday period of a month in May.
The method refertilized after adopting common transplanting seedling to turn green, apply fertilizer after transplanting is turned green once, the first tenday period of a month in May intertill and clean tillage, the first tenday period of a month in May and early June respectively irrigate once, respectively topdress once after irrigation, three times total fertilization amount is identical with tested number of the present invention, early July results obtain corn 3805kg, per mu yield 380.5kg.
In this test, compared with the conventional method comparatively, fertilizer application frequency decreases cultivation of the present invention, has saved labour; Fast growth, harvest time is advanced by 3-5 days; Per mu yield improves 23kg, improves 6.04%.
Embodiment 2.
There is provided follow-up fertilizer supply in order to continuous and long-term further, and make to obtain gentle progressive fertilizer supply, fertilising step can be subdivided into three steps and carry out.In early March, 2014, the method that applicant company refertilizes after Green Dragon village, dan town, Chongqing adopts the layer by layer manuring cultivation of annual agricultural economy crop and common transplanting seedling turns green respectively carries out transplanting experiment with 10 mu of ground to corn seedling.
Employing the inventive method comprises the steps.
(1) loosen the soil: nursery soil is ploughed deeply about 30cm, then smash soil.
(2) sterilize: with 10000-12000 times of carbendazim dilution, sterilizing is carried out to seedbed hack, thimerosal is mixed thoroughly on hack.
(3) wholely: raked by the hack on seedbed, be organized into furrow block.
(4) beat nest: nest of planting of lying prone out on furrow block, dark about the 25cm of nest.
(5) execute clay fertilizer: the clay fertilizer mixture obtained after the weight such as the fertilizer adopting farmers' compost method to obtain and the soil after sterilization being mixed is laid at the bottom of nest, formation clay fertilizer layer, clay fertilizer layer thickness 5-7cm.
(6) to fertilize: needed for milpa crop, fertilizer structure is laid in above clay fertilizer layer after being mixed by azophoska, forms chemical fertilizer layer, chemical fertilizer layer thickness 1.5-2.5cm.
(7) organic fertilizer: by adopting the obtained fertilizer of farmers''s compost method to be laid in above chemical fertilizer layer, form fertilizer layer, fertilizer layer thickness 3-4cm.
(8) earthing: cover hack on fertilizer, covers fertilizer, and soil horizon thickness about 5cm, is formed every seedling soil horizon.
(9) carry seedling: at corn seedling of planting on seedling soil horizon.
(10) mulch: cover hack around corn seedling, hides seedling root and compacting, makes surface concordant with ground, forms seedling-protection soil horizon.
(11) water: water on seedling-protection soil horizon.
These steps are adopted to make cultivation basis be configured to substratum 1 as shown in the figure, clay fertilizer layer 2, chemical fertilizer layer 3, fertilizer layer 4 from bottom to up, every seedling soil horizon 5, seedling-protection soil horizon 6, namely complete layer by layer manuring cultivation.
Thereafter no longer topdress, once, the first tenday period of a month in May and early June respectively irrigate once in weeding in the first tenday period of a month in May, and late June had both gathered in the crops and obtained corn 4116kg, per mu yield 411.6kg.
The method refertilized after adopting common transplanting seedling to turn green, apply fertilizer after transplanting is turned green, the first tenday period of a month in May apply fertilizer after intertill and clean tillage again, twice total fertilization amount is identical with tested number of the present invention, the first tenday period of a month in May and early June respectively irrigate once, early July results obtain corn 3766kg, per mu yield 376.6kg.
In this test, cultivation of the present invention compared with the conventional method comparatively, does not need thereafter to refertilize, has saved labour; Fast growth, harvest time is advanced by 6-8 days; Per mu yield improves 35kg, improves 9.29%.
Claims (2)
1. the layer by layer manuring cultivation of annual agricultural economy crop, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) loosen the soil: nursery soil is ploughed deeply, hack;
(2) sterilize: with carbendazim dilution, sterilizing is carried out to seedbed hack;
(3) wholely: raked by the hack on seedbed, be organized into furrow block;
(4) beat nest: nest of planting of lying prone out on furrow block;
(5) apply fertilizer: fertilizer is applied at the bottom of nest;
(6) earthing: cover hack on fertilizer, covers fertilizer, is formed every seedling soil horizon;
(7) carry seedling: seedling of planting on seedling soil horizon;
(8) mulch: cover hack around seedling, hides seedling root and compacting, forms seedling-protection soil horizon;
(9) water: water on seedling-protection soil horizon.
2. the layer by layer manuring cultivation of annual agricultural economy crop according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) loosen the soil: nursery soil is ploughed deeply, hack;
(2) sterilize: with carbendazim dilution, sterilizing is carried out to seedbed hack;
(3) wholely: raked by the hack on seedbed, be organized into furrow block;
(4) beat nest: nest of planting of lying prone out on furrow block;
(5) execute clay fertilizer: the clay fertilizer mixture obtained after the weight such as the fertilizer adopting farmers' compost method to obtain and the soil after sterilization being mixed is laid at the bottom of nest, formation clay fertilizer layer;
(6) to fertilize: needed for this season crop, fertilizer structure is laid in above clay fertilizer layer after being mixed by azophoska, forms chemical fertilizer layer;
(7) organic fertilizer: by adopting the obtained fertilizer of farmers''s compost method to be laid in above chemical fertilizer layer, form fertilizer layer;
(8) earthing: cover hack on fertilizer layer, covered by fertilizer, is formed every seedling soil horizon;
(9) carry seedling: seedling of planting on seedling soil horizon;
(10) mulch: cover hack around seedling, hides seedling root and compacting, forms seedling-protection soil horizon;
(11) water: water on seedling-protection soil horizon;
These steps are adopted to make cultivation basis be configured to substratum (1), clay fertilizer layer (2), chemical fertilizer layer (3), fertilizer layer (4) from bottom to up, every seedling soil horizon (5), seedling-protection soil horizon (6), namely complete layer by layer manuring cultivation.
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| CN113261489A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-17 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Peanut planting method |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |