CN105284376A - High-yield cultivation method for sponge gourd - Google Patents
High-yield cultivation method for sponge gourd Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284376A CN105284376A CN201510751297.XA CN201510751297A CN105284376A CN 105284376 A CN105284376 A CN 105284376A CN 201510751297 A CN201510751297 A CN 201510751297A CN 105284376 A CN105284376 A CN 105284376A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for sponge gourds. The method comprises the following steps: first, preparation of a special pesticide; second, seed selection and treatment; third, soil preparation; fourth, sowing; fifth, management of a seed bed; sixth, hole fixation transplantation; seventh, frame erecting and vine arrangement; eighth, protection of flowers and fruit; ninth, prevention and treatment of plant diseases and insect pests; and tenth, harvesting in good time. By the high-yield cultivation method for sponge gourd provided by the invention, quality and yield of the produced sponge gourds are improved; and the high-yield cultivation method for sponge gourds is suitable for being popularized and used in large-scale vegetable planting gardens.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, particularly a kind of high-yield cultivating method of sponge gourd.
Background technology
Sponge gourd, Curcurbitaceae belongs to Luffa plant, containing protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin B1, vitamin C, also has saponin, plant mucilage, xylane, luffein, citrulling etc.Sponge gourd fruit is containing triterpene saponin component: sponge gourd glucoside (lycyoside) A, F, J, K, L, M, (3-o-β-D-hlucopyranosylhederagenin), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid (3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloleanolicacid), also containing the fatty acid such as malonic acid (malonicacid), citric acid (citricacid), citrulling (citrulline) etc.In addition, in silk tissue culture medium, a kind of tool antiallergic activity material bryonia alcohol acid (bryonolicacid) is also got.The compositions such as the vitamin B1 contained in sponge gourd prevents skin aging, vitamin C energy skin whitening, can protect skin, eliminate patch, make skin pure white, delicate.Therefore Sucus Luffae has the title of " beauty's water ".
Sponge gourd is not only vegetables nutritious on people's dining table; or the important source material of industrial production skin care products, health products, skin care item, the demand for sponge gourd is in the state that supply falls short of demand always, and this is mainly because the non-standardization of plantation of current sponge gourd; scale, yields poorly.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of high-yield cultivating method of sponge gourd, and improve the Quality and yield of sponge gourd output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
For achieving the above object, the high-yield cultivating method of a kind of sponge gourd that the present invention proposes, it comprises the steps:
One, special-purpose insecticide is prepared: special-purpose insecticide is prepared by the component raw material of following weight portion and obtains: datura flower 2, RADIX ACONITI KUSNEZIFFII 3, felwort 3, the coptis 1, purple perilla 1, thunder godvine 3, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 5, water 16, its preparation process is: 1, boiled by above-mentioned raw materials, and maintain boiling time 3-6h, now leach solution A, add 200 grams, 50% Sukeling pulvis in every kilogram of A, mix to obtain the first insecticide; 2, datura flower obtained for previous step, RADIX ACONITI KUSNEZIFFII, felwort, the coptis, purple perilla, thunder godvine, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium are pulverized by cintrifugal disintegrator, the aqueous solution pressing down hooligan's missible oil containing 2% is injected again in this crushed material, the weight ratio of crushed material and the aqueous solution is 2:7, after depositing 48 hours, leach solution and obtain the second insecticide; 3, collect the waste residue B that second step produces, add 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 150-250 gram in every kilogram of B and make soil insecticide;
Two, seed selection and seed treatment: select the kind that high-quality, high yield, commodity are good, be applicable to market; Seed is put into normal-temperature water clean up, seed is placed in the first insecticide to soak seed 0.5-1 hour, pull out clean, put into normal-temperature water again to soak seed 2-3 hour, then seed is put into 50 DEG C--the warm water of 55 DEG C, keep even water temperature to soak seed 15-20 minute, the seed of sterilization seed soaking is pulled out to clean and is placed on 25 DEG C of less than-30 DEG C alternating temperatures or constant-temperature moisture-keeping vernalization.
Three, wholely: industrial land will select the husky earth that soil layer is deep, soil property is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the neutral summary of pH value is sour to be advisable.During whole ground, be base manure with well-rotted farmyard manure, be aided with NPK composite fertilizer, urea, superphosphate, cake fertilizer, execute farmyard manure 2000-3000 kilogram for every mu, NPK composite fertilizer 50 kilograms, 30 kilograms, urea, soil insecticide 80-100 kilogram, superphosphate 40 kilograms, 30 kilograms, cake fertilizer.Preferably be mixed together and make base manure again after becoming thoroughly decomposed and discharge.Playing furrow furrow wide is 30-35 centimetre, and length is as the criterion with actual land for growing field crops.Sponge gourd is thermo-labile, carries out plastic film mulching cultivation.
Four, sow: in by the end of March, select fine day to sow, plastic-film-covered cultivation, holes is less as far as possible, in order to avoid lift film when wind is large; Employing direct-seeding is sowed, and single file is planted, and spacing in the rows is 30-50 centimetre, every bunch planting kind 2, and the degree of depth is 1-2 centimetre, and plant grain and keep flat, water-retaining quantity among field of soil 75% is advisable, and as overdrying can water a little, broadcasts bonnet hay, with heat and moisture preserving.Every mu of field planting 800-1200 strain, every bunch planting kind 2, sowing quantity is about 350-500 gram.
Five, seedbed management: after planting, promptly will carry out seedbed management.Before not emerging, seedbed temperature in the shed remains on 20 ~ 30 DEG C for good.Seed through presoaking and germinating can be emerged for 2 ~ 3 days, can emerging for about 6 ~ 7 days of dry seed sowing.After emerging, early stage, temperature was low, and seedling age is little, and based on warming antifreeze, the middle and later periods raises along with temperature, and seedling age increases, should based on ventilation hardening.Ventilation hardening is carried out flexibly depending on temperature height, and overcast and rainy temperature is low can be stuffy, and fine day temperature height must be taken off film and ventilate, and accomplishes ascending, progressively increases ventilation, and transplanting first 2 ~ 3 days can not epiphragma round the clock.
Six, pit transplanting is determined: transplant before and after April 20 (grain rains).When seedling grows 1 ~ 2 true leaf, can balled transplanting.Transplant first 7 ~ 10 days, determining the row kerria transplanted uses sufficient base manure, executing people's animal manure 20 for every mu and carrying on a shoulder pole, phosphate fertilizer 50 ~ 75kg, potash fertilizer 15 ~ 20kg, after fertilising, carrying out ploughing soil in time, and meticulously becoming fat back type, sprayed weed killer herbicide wholely, building mulch film and wait to transplant.Luffa planting density is advisable with about 500 plants/acre, and its line-spacing is 3 meters, spacing in the rows 0.4 ~ 0.5 meter.
Seven, built and whole climing: towel gourd stem for overgrowing, when melon grows to 5-6 sheet true leaf, just start to tell must take out climing.Now, should draw climing by built in time, according to the climing generation of luffa seed and situation of bearing fruit, by the climing excision of basal part of stem partial invalidity, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, suitably hold up it added after circle seedling, make it be evenly distributed, as grown, excessive to extract parton climing, extracts after the climing knot of every strip 1 melon.In the result later stage, extract base portion disease, old blade.
Built can adopt flat canopy or man-like shelf according to various places cultivation custom, and support height, at about 2 meters, requires its firm and durable.
Eight, flower and fruit protecting
Sponge gourd Winter-Spring is planted, main climing from 10 joint left and right the first female flower, more piece raw female flower continuously later, and cultivation should dredge part female flower.How lopsided general first female pickled cucumbers of joint be, should extract in time.Meanwhile, during the dusk 5 ~ 6, artificial auxiliary pollination can be adopted, improve percentage of fertile fruit.When melon is about 30 centimetres, note hanging melon, artificial stretching sugar-preserved gourd.
Nine, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
1, the wild snout moth's larva of sponge gourd.There is number generation in 1 year in the wild snout moth's larva of sponge gourd, cause harm serious, staple food mesophyll, time serious, large area blade only stays vein, has a strong impact on sponge gourd seed output and quality.Prevention and controls: when larva Sheng is sent out, with the first insecticidal fogging control of 18-26%.
2, melon pythium rot.The Harm period of sponge gourd pythium rot divides seedling stage and knot melon phase, causes rotten melon after killed.Prevention and controls: main based on cultural control, focus on three ditches supporting, reduce field humidity, balance fertilizing, anti-biasly execute heavy nitrogen application, strengthen chemical control, main with the spraying of 1:2:200 bordeaux mixture, the melon phase meets many rainy weathers, during high humidity, early anti-duty to prevent.
3, sponge gourd downy mildew.Not easily occur under sponge gourd downy mildew general environment condition.During morbidity, a large amount of blade is withered, directly affects melon network seed output and quality.Prevention and controls: cultural control and chemical control combine, suitable increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer is wanted in cultural control, to improve the resistance against diseases of plant.Disease leaf should be extractd in time, to reduce germ expansion during disease first meeting.The optional 500 times of metalaxyls of chemical control fill with root in early days, and just during morbidity, there is good reason for it that poison is mould sprays with 2000 times, every 7 days once, connects and prevent 1 ~ 2 time.
Ten, timely collecting: sponge gourd is thanked and spent rear 7-10 days, and epidermis is light green, ripe during deep wrinkle, should gather in time, in order to avoid superfluous seedling affects output.Gather and handle with care, avoid abrading melon skin, affect listed price.
The high-yield cultivating method of a kind of sponge gourd proposed by the invention, improve the Quality and yield of sponge gourd output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
Embodiment
A high-yield cultivating method for sponge gourd, it comprises the steps:
One, special-purpose insecticide is prepared: special-purpose insecticide is prepared by the component raw material of following weight portion and obtains: datura flower 2, RADIX ACONITI KUSNEZIFFII 3, felwort 3, the coptis 1, purple perilla 1, thunder godvine 3, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 5, water 16, its preparation process is: 1, boiled by above-mentioned raw materials, and maintain boiling time 3-6h, now leach solution A, add 200 grams, 50% Sukeling pulvis in every kilogram of A, mix to obtain the first insecticide; 2, datura flower obtained for previous step, RADIX ACONITI KUSNEZIFFII, felwort, the coptis, purple perilla, thunder godvine, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium are pulverized by cintrifugal disintegrator, the aqueous solution pressing down hooligan's missible oil containing 2% is injected again in this crushed material, the weight ratio of crushed material and the aqueous solution is 2:7, after depositing 48 hours, leach solution and obtain the second insecticide; 3, collect the waste residue B that second step produces, add 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 150-250 gram in every kilogram of B and make soil insecticide;
Two, seed selection and seed treatment: select the kind that high-quality, high yield, commodity are good, be applicable to market; Seed is put into normal-temperature water clean up, seed is placed in the first insecticide to soak seed 0.5-1 hour, pull out clean, put into normal-temperature water again to soak seed 2-3 hour, then seed is put into 50 DEG C--the warm water of 55 DEG C, keep even water temperature to soak seed 15-20 minute, the seed of sterilization seed soaking is pulled out to clean and is placed on 25 DEG C of less than-30 DEG C alternating temperatures or constant-temperature moisture-keeping vernalization.
Three, wholely: industrial land will select the husky earth that soil layer is deep, soil property is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the neutral summary of pH value is sour to be advisable.During whole ground, be base manure with well-rotted farmyard manure, be aided with NPK composite fertilizer, urea, superphosphate, cake fertilizer, execute farmyard manure 2000-3000 kilogram for every mu, NPK composite fertilizer 50 kilograms, 30 kilograms, urea, soil insecticide 80-100 kilogram, superphosphate 40 kilograms, 30 kilograms, cake fertilizer.Preferably be mixed together and make base manure again after becoming thoroughly decomposed and discharge.Playing furrow furrow wide is 30-35 centimetre, and length is as the criterion with actual land for growing field crops.Sponge gourd is thermo-labile, carries out plastic film mulching cultivation.
Four, sow: in by the end of March, select fine day to sow, plastic-film-covered cultivation, holes is less as far as possible, in order to avoid lift film when wind is large; Employing direct-seeding is sowed, and single file is planted, and spacing in the rows is 30-50 centimetre, every bunch planting kind 2, and the degree of depth is 1-2 centimetre, and plant grain and keep flat, water-retaining quantity among field of soil 75% is advisable, and as overdrying can water a little, broadcasts bonnet hay, with heat and moisture preserving.Every mu of field planting 800-1200 strain, every bunch planting kind 2, sowing quantity is about 350-500 gram.
Five, seedbed management: after planting, promptly will carry out seedbed management.Before not emerging, seedbed temperature in the shed remains on 20 ~ 30 DEG C for good.Seed through presoaking and germinating can be emerged for 2 ~ 3 days, can emerging for about 6 ~ 7 days of dry seed sowing.After emerging, early stage, temperature was low, and seedling age is little, and based on warming antifreeze, the middle and later periods raises along with temperature, and seedling age increases, should based on ventilation hardening.Ventilation hardening is carried out flexibly depending on temperature height, and overcast and rainy temperature is low can be stuffy, and fine day temperature height must be taken off film and ventilate, and accomplishes ascending, progressively increases ventilation, and transplanting first 2 ~ 3 days can not epiphragma round the clock.
Six, pit transplanting is determined: transplant before and after April 20 (grain rains).When seedling grows 1 ~ 2 true leaf, can balled transplanting.Transplant first 7 ~ 10 days, determining the row kerria transplanted uses sufficient base manure, executing people's animal manure 20 for every mu and carrying on a shoulder pole, phosphate fertilizer 50 ~ 75kg, potash fertilizer 15 ~ 20kg, after fertilising, carrying out ploughing soil in time, and meticulously becoming fat back type, sprayed weed killer herbicide wholely, building mulch film and wait to transplant.Luffa planting density is advisable with about 500 plants/acre, and its line-spacing is 3 meters, spacing in the rows 0.4 ~ 0.5 meter.
Seven, built and whole climing: towel gourd stem for overgrowing, when melon grows to 5-6 sheet true leaf, just start to tell must take out climing.Now, should draw climing by built in time, according to the climing generation of luffa seed and situation of bearing fruit, by the climing excision of basal part of stem partial invalidity, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, suitably hold up it added after circle seedling, make it be evenly distributed, as grown, excessive to extract parton climing, extracts after the climing knot of every strip 1 melon.In the result later stage, extract base portion disease, old blade.
Built can adopt flat canopy or man-like shelf according to various places cultivation custom, and support height, at about 2 meters, requires its firm and durable.
Eight, flower and fruit protecting
Sponge gourd Winter-Spring is planted, main climing from 10 joint left and right the first female flower, more piece raw female flower continuously later, and cultivation should dredge part female flower.How lopsided general first female pickled cucumbers of joint be, should extract in time.Meanwhile, during the dusk 5 ~ 6, artificial auxiliary pollination can be adopted, improve percentage of fertile fruit.When melon is about 30 centimetres, note hanging melon, artificial stretching sugar-preserved gourd.
Nine, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
1, the wild snout moth's larva of sponge gourd.There is number generation in 1 year in the wild snout moth's larva of sponge gourd, cause harm serious, staple food mesophyll, time serious, large area blade only stays vein, has a strong impact on sponge gourd seed output and quality.Prevention and controls: when larva Sheng is sent out, with the first insecticidal fogging control of 18-26%.
2, melon pythium rot.The Harm period of sponge gourd pythium rot divides seedling stage and knot melon phase, causes rotten melon after killed.Prevention and controls: main based on cultural control, focus on three ditches supporting, reduce field humidity, balance fertilizing, anti-biasly execute heavy nitrogen application, strengthen chemical control, main with the spraying of 1:2:200 bordeaux mixture, the melon phase meets many rainy weathers, during high humidity, early anti-duty to prevent.
3, sponge gourd downy mildew.Not easily occur under sponge gourd downy mildew general environment condition.During morbidity, a large amount of blade is withered, directly affects melon network seed output and quality.Prevention and controls: cultural control and chemical control combine, suitable increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer is wanted in cultural control, to improve the resistance against diseases of plant.Disease leaf should be extractd in time, to reduce germ expansion during disease first meeting.The optional 500 times of metalaxyls of chemical control fill with root in early days, and just during morbidity, there is good reason for it that poison is mould sprays with 2000 times, every 7 days once, connects and prevent 1 ~ 2 time.
Ten, timely collecting: sponge gourd is thanked and spent rear 7-10 days, and epidermis is light green, ripe during deep wrinkle, should gather in time, in order to avoid superfluous seedling affects output.Gather and handle with care, avoid abrading melon skin, affect listed price.
The high-yield cultivating method of a kind of sponge gourd proposed by the invention, improve the Quality and yield of sponge gourd output, proper scale truck garden is applied.
Claims (1)
1. a high-yield cultivating method for sponge gourd, it comprises the steps:
One, special-purpose insecticide is prepared: special-purpose insecticide is prepared by the component raw material of following weight portion and obtains: datura flower 2, RADIX ACONITI KUSNEZIFFII 3, felwort 3, the coptis 1, purple perilla 1, thunder godvine 3, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 5, water 16, its preparation process is: 1, boiled by above-mentioned raw materials, and maintain boiling time 3-6h, now leach solution A, add 200 grams, 50% Sukeling pulvis in every kilogram of A, mix to obtain the first insecticide; 2, datura flower obtained for previous step, RADIX ACONITI KUSNEZIFFII, felwort, the coptis, purple perilla, thunder godvine, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium are pulverized by cintrifugal disintegrator, the aqueous solution pressing down hooligan's missible oil containing 2% is injected again in this crushed material, the weight ratio of crushed material and the aqueous solution is 2:7, after depositing 48 hours, leach solution and obtain the second insecticide; 3, collect the waste residue B that second step produces, add 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 150-250 gram in every kilogram of B and make soil insecticide;
Two, seed selection and seed treatment: select the kind that high-quality, high yield, commodity are good, be applicable to market; Seed is put into normal-temperature water clean up, seed is placed in the first insecticide to soak seed 0.5-1 hour, pull out clean, put into normal-temperature water again to soak seed 2-3 hour, then seed is put into 50 DEG C--the warm water of 55 DEG C, keep even water temperature to soak seed 15-20 minute, the seed of sterilization seed soaking is pulled out to clean and is placed on 25 DEG C of less than-30 DEG C alternating temperatures or constant-temperature moisture-keeping vernalization;
Three, wholely: industrial land will select soil layer deep, soil property is fertile, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the husky earth that pH value neutrality is slightly sour is advisable, during whole ground, take well-rotted farmyard manure as base manure, be aided with NPK composite fertilizer, urea, superphosphate, cake fertilizer, execute farmyard manure 2000-3000 kilogram for every mu, NPK composite fertilizer 50 kilograms, 30 kilograms, urea, soil insecticide 80-100 kilogram, superphosphate 40 kilograms, 30 kilograms, cake fertilizer, preferably be mixed together and make base manure again after becoming thoroughly decomposed and discharge, playing furrow furrow wide is 30-35 centimetre, length is as the criterion with actual land for growing field crops, sponge gourd is thermo-labile, carry out plastic film mulching cultivation,
Four, sow: in by the end of March, select fine day to sow, plastic-film-covered cultivation, holes is less as far as possible, in order to avoid lift film when wind is large; Employing direct-seeding is sowed, and single file is planted, and spacing in the rows is 30-50 centimetre, every bunch planting kind 2, the degree of depth is 1-2 centimetre, and plant grain and keep flat, water-retaining quantity among field of soil 75% is advisable, as overdrying can water a little, broadcast bonnet hay, with heat and moisture preserving, every mu of field planting 800-1200 strain, every bunch planting kind 2, sowing quantity is about 350-500 gram;
Five, seedbed management: after planting, promptly to carry out seedbed management, before not emerging, seedbed temperature in the shed remains on 20 ~ 30 DEG C for good, seed through presoaking and germinating can be emerged for 2 ~ 3 days, can emerging for about 6 ~ 7 days of dry seed sowing, after emerging, early stage, temperature was low, seedling age is little, based on warming antifreeze, middle and later periods raises along with temperature, seedling age increases, should based on ventilation hardening, ventilation hardening is carried out flexibly depending on temperature height, overcast and rainy temperature is low can be stuffy, fine day temperature height must be taken off film and ventilate, and accomplish ascending, progressively increase ventilation, transplanting first 2 ~ 3 days can not epiphragma round the clock,
Six, pit transplanting is determined: transplant before and after the April 20 (grain rains), when seedling grows 1 ~ 2 true leaf, can balled transplanting, transplant first 7 ~ 10 days, determining the row kerria transplanted uses sufficient base manure, executing people's animal manure 20 for every mu and carrying on a shoulder pole, phosphate fertilizer 50 ~ 75kg, potash fertilizer 15 ~ 20kg, carry out ploughing soil after fertilising in time, and meticulous wholely, become fat back type, sprayed weed killer herbicide, build mulch film to wait to transplant, luffa planting density is advisable with about 500 plants/acre, and its line-spacing is 3 meters, spacing in the rows 0.4 ~ 0.5 meter;
Seven, built and whole climing: towel gourd stem for overgrowing, when melon grows to 5-6 sheet true leaf, just start to tell must take out climing, now, should draw climing by built in time, according to the climing generation of luffa seed and situation of bearing fruit, by the climing excision of basal part of stem partial invalidity, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, suitably hold up it added after circle seedling, make it be evenly distributed, as grown, excessive to extract parton climing, extract after the climing knot of every strip 1 melon, the result later stage, extract base portion disease, old blade;
Built can adopt flat canopy or man-like shelf according to various places cultivation custom, and support height, at about 2 meters, requires its firm and durable;
Eight, flower and fruit protecting
Sponge gourd Winter-Spring is planted, main climing from 10 joint left and right the first female flower, more piece raw female flower continuously later, and cultivation should dredge part female flower, how lopsided general first female pickled cucumbers of joint be, should extract in time, meanwhile, during the dusk 5 ~ 6, artificial auxiliary pollination can be adopted, improve percentage of fertile fruit, when melon is about 30 centimetres, note hanging melon, artificial stretching sugar-preserved gourd;
Nine, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
1, the wild snout moth's larva of sponge gourd, there is number generation in 1 year in the wild snout moth's larva of sponge gourd, causes harm serious, staple food mesophyll, and time serious, large area blade only stays vein, has a strong impact on sponge gourd seed output and quality, prevention and controls: when larva Sheng is sent out, with the first insecticidal fogging control of 18-26%;
2, melon pythium rot, the Harm period of sponge gourd pythium rot divides seedling stage and knot melon phase, cause rotten melon after killed, prevention and controls: main based on cultural control, focus on three ditches supporting, reduce field humidity, balance fertilizing, anti-biasly execute heavy nitrogen application, strengthen chemical control, main with the spraying of 1:2:200 bordeaux mixture, the melon phase meets many rainy weathers, during high humidity, early anti-duty to prevent;
3, sponge gourd downy mildew, not easily occur under sponge gourd downy mildew general environment condition, during morbidity, a large amount of blade is withered, directly affect melon network seed output and quality, prevention and controls: cultural control and chemical control combine, suitable increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer is wanted in cultural control, to improve the resistance against diseases of plant, disease leaf should be extractd in time during disease first meeting, to reduce germ expansion, the optional 500 times of metalaxyls of chemical control fill with root in early days, and just during morbidity, there is good reason for it malicious mouldly sprays with 2000 times, every 7 days once, anti-1 ~ 2 time is connected;
Ten, timely collecting: sponge gourd is thanked and spent rear 7-10 days, and epidermis is light green, ripe during deep wrinkle, should gather in time, in order to avoid superfluous seedling affects output, gather and handle with care, avoid abrading melon skin, affect listed price.
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| CN106386058A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 马健 | Planting method for loofah |
| CN106550753A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-05 | 凤台县牧碧农业发展有限公司 | A kind of high yield of loofah implantation methods |
| CN106717970A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 蚌埠清菲农业科技有限公司 | A kind of sponge gourd implantation methods with high yield |
| CN106961961A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-21 | 绥阳县谨诚农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of potyvirus |
| CN107371755A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of sponge gourd good quality and high output |
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| CN107821034A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-23 | 黄名玉 | The implantation methods of sponge gourd |
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