CN104170632B - A kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings - Google Patents
A kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings, select more than the 10 years excellent healthy and strong elite stand fruits without damage by disease and insect, do solid work by kind and dryly get kind except luxuriant machine, seed 85 DEG C of hot-water soaks, continue constant temperature when naturally cooling to 40 DEG C to soak, at temperature 20-25 DEG C, the electrothermal sand bed vernalization of humidity 60-80%, select the 1st batch to sprout and have 2 pairs of complete leaves, the seedling of high 10cm is transplanted and cultivate seedling as cutting orchard on the nursery furrow cultivating extra large mango nursery stock, cultivate semi-lignified branch and make cuttage fringe bar, tloig-cutlage is cultivated nursery stock in the container cup of yellow soil 2-4 part and fine sand 6-8 part.This method adopts electrothermal sand bed to improve extra large mango percentage of seedgermination, shortens the cultivation time of seed seedling maternal plant; Adopt slow-release fertilizer to be base manure and quick-acting fertilizer top dressing plantation maternal plant, make it can ensure desired nutritional at early growth period, ensure again continuously to supply in whole nutrition in vegetative period, growth is fast, rudiment is many and sturdy, and seedling quality is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings.
Background technology
Sea mango (Cerberamanghas) have another name called Hai Mango fruit, extra large mango, mountain Shelin are young, monkey joyful, OX-heart eggplant, Shan Mango really etc., belong to Apocynaceae (Apocynaceae) Tanghinia (Cerbera) evergreen dungarunga, be mainly distributed in the torrid areas of the ground such as the Guangdong of China, Guangxi, Taiwan, Hainan and Hong Kong and Asia and Australia.The fruit of sea mango, seed, leaf, stem are all poisonous, and the toxicity of seed is maximum, and its fruit contains hydrogen cyanide, extra large mango alkali, alkaloid toxicity bitter principle etc., and many a little foods can be fatal.The sea blade of mango, bark and milk can do medicine, have emetic, drop, induced abortion effect, in its blade, the comparision contents of fatty acid enriches, to maintaining the normal physiological metabolism of human body and healthyly having good effect, in volatile ingredient 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methy phenol content is very high, can postpone becoming sour of food.Sea mango happiness warm and moist weather, as one of mangrove associates being mainly distributed in land and seabeach intermediate zone, there is certain Salt And Alkali Tolerance characteristic, excellent coast protection forest seeds, its tree-like grace, Ye great Hua is many, also can be used as Landscape Trees, has higher economic worth and the ecological value.
Sea mango seed source is limited, and seed coat hardness is large, not easily germinates, and seed seedling-raising is from being seeded into the time of seedling formation needs 2 first quarter moons by 3 months, and cuttage technique is not perfect.Liu Xiu etc. have studied the impact of different storage procedures on mangrove associates sea mango seed sprouting, its average germination percentage the highest only 64.0%; Annual, the 23rd volume the 6th phase 9-12 page in 2007.The military magnitude of woods adopts two kinds of root-growing agent indolebutyric acids and the extra large mango fringe bar of naphthalene acid solution to length 10 ~ 12cm to carry out immersion treatment, then cuttage, must to go to sea cuttage after the sturdy fringe bar higher concentration indolebutyric acid of mango elite stand top semi-lignified or the naphthalene acid solution process of low concentration, can cuttage survival rate be improved; Shelter forest science and technology, the 1st phase 24-26 page in 2011.
Above-mentioned extra large mango seed seedling-raising method due to seed source limited, germination rate is low, and the cycle is long, can not meet the needs of afforestation.Adopt the nursery of extra large mango tloig-cutlage seedling-cultivating method, the nursery effect of extra large mango can be improved.But, how to set up cutting orchard, provide the cuttage fringe bar of more high-qualitys to be the technical problem being badly in need of solving.The present invention sets up cutting orchard, by selecting the excellent healthy and strong ripening fruits without the extra large mango trees of damage by disease and insect as seed, cultivate scion-seed tree, cultivation amount is the semi-lignified cuttage fringe bar of high-quality greatly, cuttage and seedling culture survival rate can be improved, shortening the cultivation time, is the needs of construction inshore shelter forest and provide the afforestation nursery stock of high-quality.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: in order to cultivate a large amount of mangrove associates sea mango cuttage high quality seedling, strengthen the construction of shelter belts to protect sea coasts ecosystem, aims to provide a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings.
The object of the invention is to be achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings, comprise seed collection and process, cutting orchard is set up, cuttings is cultivated, cuttings gathers, cuttage and management operation, it is waited to levy and is: select the excellent healthy and strong adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect, gather seed and carry out vernalization, transplant and cultivate seedling as cutting orchard on the nursery furrow of the extra large mango nursery stock of applicable cultivation, cultivate semi-lignified branch and make cuttage fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in installing in the container cup of matrix, cultivate cuttage seeding, obtain the extra large mango cuttage nursery stock of excellent stalwartness, concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) seed collection and process: select the excellent healthy and strong adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect, August ~ December fruit maturation, when becoming atropurpureus from dark green, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind to do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove fruit pod and obtain seed; By seed 85 DEG C of hot-water soaks, naturally soak to continuing constant temperature when 40 DEG C after cooling, when the Seed imbibes of hot-water soak expand, seed coat softening after, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2 ~ 3cm is thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, the temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C of period control electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60 ~ 80%, obtains high-quality sea mango seed seedling.
(2) cutting orchard is set up: arrange nursery furrow, plantation high-quality sea mango seed seedling.
(3) cuttings is cultivated: to maternal plant application in time, in time truncation.
(4) cuttings collection: gather rudiment row culture cuttage cuttings, cuttings pruning.
(5) cuttage and management: first cutting medium is loaded in cuttage vessel cup, then cuttage vessel cup is placed on cuttage furrow; Cuttage is disinfected with 2% potassium permanganate the previous day; After quickly dipped for section under cuttings CPD root-inducing powder being made into 500ppm slurry, then drench normal root water after cutting medium will be inserted in; Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, air humidity in cutting bed controls 80 ~ 90%, open the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, spray 85% zineb pulvis 600 ~ 1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2% every 7 ~ 10 days, after 0.5h, reseal film and shading screen; After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continues to shade, and in early before 11, at 4 in afternoon draws shading screen in, allows seedling adapt to illumination gradually later; Can raise shading screen after growing 3 pairs of young leaves, complete illumination, then drenched every 8 ~ 10 days the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure executed one time 0.4 ~ 0.8%, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, until grow up to the high healthy and strong nursery stock of 35 ~ 50cm.
The excellent healthy and strong adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect of selection described in above step (1) is plantation more than 10 years, excellent stalwartness, trunk lead to directly, tree crown is well-balanced, without the excellent strain of the extra large mango of maturation of damage by disease and insect.
Arrangement nursery furrow described in the foundation of above step (2) cutting orchard are smashed for first cutting orchard being turned over, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100kg/ mu, fine sand 1000kg/ mu mixes with nursery ground surface soil to be mixed thoroughly, play into the nursery furrow of furrow face width 1m, on furrow face, often row digs 4 Xue, the specification Wa Xue of line-spacing 30cm, Xue specification is 15cm × 15cm × 15cm, 1/3 ~ 1/2 place of mixture table soil Fang Hui Xue Zhi Xue after the Hao Xue of Wa, the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release produced by Xin Pulao company of every Xue dispenser 50 ~ 100g U.S. fertile 15-6-12 full effective type fertilizer slow-release is fertile, stir evenly with 1/3 ~ 1/2 mixture table soil of playback, rear time full soil.
Above step (2) cutting orchard set up described in plantation high-quality sea mango seedling be that selection the 1st batch is sprouted and had the seedling of 2 pairs of complete leaves, high 10cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to nursery furrow, drenches normal root water after planting, the shading screen of lid 70% shades.
Described in the cultivation of above step (3) cuttings is when plantation is after 15 days ~ 18 days to maternal plant application in time, in the ranks drenching executes containing weight 1.5 ~ 2.0% Russian import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor, in the ranks drenches later execute once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian import compound rich water liquid every 20 ~ 25 days; Each collection fringe bar sprays 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for first 10 days and promotes fringe bar lignification, after each collection fringe bar, namely in the ranks drenches and executes 2.0 ~ 2.5% composite fertilizer's liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors.
Timely truncation described in the cultivation of above step (3) cuttings is that the trunk after base portion up retains 3 ~ 5 pairs of leaves is cut completely after little maternal plant length has 30 ~ 35cm.
Cuttage cuttings described in above step (4) cuttings collection is the healthy and strong anosis worm of collection, length is 15 ~ 25cm, the rudiment side shoot of leading thread 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, semi-lignified is cuttings.
Cuttings trimming method described in above step (4) cuttings collection is: the cuttings of collection is pruned cuttings in the place in cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, ensure that every bar cuttings has more than 3 buds, except down staying 3 complete leaves at growing point, remaining is erased, to leaf the cutting from more than base portion 2.5cm retained, then cuttings lower end is cut into oblique shape from eye 1cm place.
(5) cuttage of above step and the cutting medium described in management are the yellow soil 2 ~ 4 parts and fine sand 6 ~ 8 parts mixed thoroughly.
Kind described in above step (1) do solid work dry except luxuriant machine be the applicant patent of invention CN201310418025.9 " kind do solid work dry except luxuriant machine ", the machine arranges and comprises drying, fixed mount, electromotor and electric heating fan blower, wherein: described drying is provided with power transmission shaft, gear ring, air inlet, air outlet and feed inlet and outlet; Described gear ring is located on the outer surface of drying one end, and described power transmission shaft is provided with belt pulley I, and the two ends of power transmission shaft are arranged on the bearing block of fixed mount; Described electromotor is provided with travelling gear and belt pulley II; Described power transmission shaft and gear ring use V belt to be connected electromotor with travelling gear respectively; Described air inlet and air outlet are located in the middle of the two ends of drying respectively; Air distribution plate and oblique scraper plate is also provided with in described drying; Described air distribution plate is located in one end of drying air inlet; Described power transmission shaft is provided with paddle; In described electric heating fan blower, stepping is provided with heating wire, and described electric heating fan blower is located at one end of drying, is fixed on fixed mount; Described motor and electric heating fan blower use wire connecting power control cabinet respectively, and form a circuit loop.
The present invention has the following advantages relative to existing technology:
1. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings of the present invention, slow-release fertilizer is adopted to be base manure and quick-acting fertilizer top dressing plantation maternal plant, make it can ensure desired nutritional at early growth period, ensure again continuously to supply in whole nutrition in vegetative period, make that it grows soon, rudiment is many and sturdy, improve cuttings quality.
2. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings of the present invention, adopts electrothermal sand bed, can abundant control temperature, improves extra large mango percentage of seedgermination, the cultivation time of shortening seed seedling maternal plant.
3. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings of the present invention, provide the technology of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings, there is the features such as seedling raise period is short, speed is fast, survival rate is high, method is simple, processing ease, the extra large mango nursery stock cultivating a large amount of high-quality is of great importance.
4. the present invention adopt kind to do solid work dry except luxuriant machine to kind do solid work dry, remove fruit pod and obtain seed, get kind fast, work efficiency is high, seed quality good, adapt to produce extra large mango nursery stock in enormous quantities.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment given below, the present invention can be well understood to further, but they not limitation of the invention.
embodiment 1
Select excellent stalwartness, do seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect, the plantation excellent strain of extra large mango of more than 10 years, August ~ December fruit maturation, when becoming atropurpureus from dark green, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind to do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove really pod and obtain seed; By seed 85 DEG C of hot-water soaks, naturally soak to continuing constant temperature when 40 DEG C after cooling, when the Seed imbibes of hot-water soak expand, seed coat softening after, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2 ~ 3cm is thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, the temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C of period control electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60 ~ 80%, cultivates high-quality sea mango seed seedling.Cutting orchard is turned over and smashes, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100kg/ mu, fine sand 1000kg/ mu mixes with nursery ground surface soil and mix thoroughly, play into the nursery furrow of furrow face width 1m, on furrow face, often row digs 4 Xue, the specification of line-spacing 30cm digs Xue; Xue specification is 15cm × 15cm × 15cm; after having dug Xue, mixture table soil is put go back to 1/2 place of Xue to Xue; the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release produced by Xin Pulao company of every Xue dispenser 60g U.S. fertile 15-6-12 full effective type fertilizer slow-release fertilizer, stir evenly with 1/2 mixture table soil of playback, rear time full soil; Select the 1st batch of seedling sprouted, when having 2 couples of complete leaves, high 10cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to nursery furrow, drench normal root water after planting, the shading screen of lid 70% shades; Plant after 15 days, in the ranks drench and execute containing weight 1.5 ~ 2.0% Russian import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor, in the ranks drenched every 20 days later and execute once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian import compound rich water liquid; Each collection fringe bar sprays 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for first 10 days and promotes fringe bar lignification, after each collection fringe bar, namely adopts conventional method to drench in the ranks and executes once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor; After maternal plant length has 30cm, cut completely from trunk after base portion up retains 3 ~ 5 pairs of leaves; Gather healthy and strong anosis worm, length is 15 ~ 20cm, the rudiment side shoot of leading thread 0.5 ~ 1.0cm semi-lignified is cuttings; The cuttings of collection is pruned cuttings in the place in cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, ensure that every bar cuttings has more than 3 buds, except down staying 3 complete leaves at growing point, remaining is erased, to leaf the cutting from more than base portion 2.5cm retained, then cuttings lower end is cut into oblique shape from eye 1cm place; Mix loading container cup thoroughly with yellow soil 3 parts and fine sand 7 parts and make cutting medium, first loaded in cuttage vessel cup by cutting medium, then be placed on cuttage furrow by cuttage vessel cup, cuttage is disinfected with 2% potassium permanganate the previous day; Normal root water is drenched after inserting in cutting medium after quickly dipped for section under cuttings CPD root-inducing powder is made into 500ppm slurry.Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, in cutting bed, air humidity controls 80 ~ 90%, open the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, spray 85% zineb pulvis 600 ~ 1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2% every 7 days ~ 10 days, after 0.5h, reseal film and shading screen.After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continues to shade, and in early before 11, at 4 in afternoon draws shading screen in, allows seedling adapt to illumination gradually later; Shading screen can be raised after growing 3 pairs of young leaves, complete illumination, then drenched every 8 ~ 10 days the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure executed one time 0.4 ~ 0.8%, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, until grow up to the healthy and strong extra large mango nursery stock of high more than 40cm, more than leading thread 1.5cm, survival rate 90%.
embodiment 2
Select excellent stalwartness, do seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect, the plantation excellent strain of extra large mango of more than 10 years, August ~ December fruit maturation, when becoming atropurpureus from dark green, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind to do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove really pod, obtain seed; By seed 85 DEG C of hot-water soaks, naturally soak to continuing constant temperature when 40 DEG C after cooling, when the Seed imbibes of hot-water soak expand, seed coat softening after, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2 ~ 3cm is thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, the temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C of period control electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60 ~ 80%, cultivates high-quality sea mango seed seedling.Cutting orchard is turned over and smashes, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100kg/ mu, fine sand 1000kg/ mu mixes with nursery ground surface soil and mix thoroughly, play into the nursery furrow of furrow face width 1m, on furrow face, often row digs 4 Xue, the specification of line-spacing 30cm digs Xue; Xue specification is 15cm × 15cm × 15cm; after having dug Xue, mixture table soil is put go back to 1/3 place of Xue to Xue; the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release produced by Xin Pulao company of every Xue dispenser 80g U.S. fertile 15-6-12 full effective type fertilizer slow-release fertilizer, stir evenly with 1/3 mixture table soil of playback, rear time full soil; Select the 1st batch of seedling sprouted, when having 2 couples of complete leaves, high 10cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to nursery furrow, drench normal root water after planting, the shading screen of lid 70% shades; Plant after 16 days, in the ranks drench and execute containing weight 1.5 ~ 2.0% Russian import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor, in the ranks drenched every 22 days later and execute once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian import compound rich water liquid; Each collection fringe bar sprays 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for first 10 days and promotes fringe bar lignification, after each collection fringe bar, namely adopts conventional method to drench in the ranks and executes once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor; After maternal plant length has 30cm, cut completely from trunk after base portion up retains 3 ~ 5 pairs of leaves; Gather healthy and strong anosis worm, length is 20 ~ 25cm, the rudiment side shoot of leading thread 0.5 ~ 1.0cm semi-lignified is cuttings; The cuttings of collection is pruned cuttings in the place in cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, ensure that every bar cuttings has more than 4 buds, except down staying 3 complete leaves at growing point, remaining is erased, to leaf the cutting from more than base portion 2.5cm retained, then cuttings lower end is cut into oblique shape from eye 1cm place; Mix loading container cup thoroughly with yellow soil 2 parts and fine sand 8 parts and make cutting medium, first loaded in cuttage vessel cup by cutting medium, then be placed on cuttage furrow by cuttage vessel cup, cuttage is disinfected with 2% potassium permanganate the previous day; Normal root water is drenched after inserting in cutting medium after quickly dipped for section under cuttings CPD root-inducing powder is made into 500ppm slurry.Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, in cutting bed, air humidity controls 80 ~ 90%, open the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, spray 85% zineb pulvis 600 ~ 1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2% every 7 days ~ 10 days, after 0.5h, reseal film and shading screen.After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continues to shade, and in early before 11, at 4 in afternoon draws shading screen in, allows seedling adapt to illumination gradually later; Shading screen can be raised after growing 3 pairs of young leaves, complete illumination, then drenched every 8 days ~ 10 days the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure executed one time 0.4 ~ 0.8%, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, until grow up to the healthy and strong extra large mango nursery stock of high more than 45cm, more than leading thread 1.5cm, survival rate 92%.
embodiment 3
Select excellent stalwartness, do seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect, the plantation excellent strain of extra large mango of more than 10 years, August ~ December fruit maturation, when becoming atropurpureus from dark green, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind to do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove really pod, obtain seed; By seed 85 DEG C of hot-water soaks, naturally soak to continuing constant temperature when 40 DEG C after cooling, when the Seed imbibes of hot-water soak expand, seed coat softening after, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2 ~ 3cm is thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, the temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C of period control electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60 ~ 80%, cultivates high-quality sea mango seed seedling.Cutting orchard is turned over and smashes, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100kg/ mu, fine sand 1000kg/ mu mixes with nursery ground surface soil and mix thoroughly, play into the nursery furrow of furrow face width 1m, on furrow face, often row digs 4 Xue, the specification of line-spacing 30cm digs Xue; Xue specification is 15cm × 15cm × 15cm; after having dug Xue, mixture table soil is put go back to 1/2 place of Xue to Xue; the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release produced by Xin Pulao company of every Xue dispenser 100g U.S. fertile 15-6-12 full effective type fertilizer slow-release fertilizer, 1/2 show soil with mixing of playback and stir evenly, return full soil afterwards; Select the 1st batch of seedling sprouted, when having 2 couples of complete leaves, high 10cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to nursery furrow, drench normal root water after planting, the shading screen of lid 70% shades; Plant after 18 days, in the ranks drench and execute containing weight 1.5 ~ 2.0% Russian import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor, in the ranks drenched every 25 days later and execute once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian import compound rich water liquid; Each collection fringe bar sprays 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for first 10 days and promotes fringe bar lignification, after each collection fringe bar, namely adopts conventional method to drench in the ranks and executes once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor; After maternal plant length has 35cm, cut completely from trunk after base portion up retains 3 ~ 5 pairs of leaves; Gather healthy and strong anosis worm, length is 20 ~ 25cm, the rudiment side shoot of leading thread 0.5 ~ 1.0cm semi-lignified is cuttings; The cuttings of collection is pruned cuttings in the place in cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, ensure that every bar cuttings has more than 4 buds, except down staying 3 complete leaves at growing point, remaining is erased, to leaf the cutting from more than base portion 2.5cm retained, then cuttings lower end is cut into oblique shape from eye 1cm place; Mix loading container cup thoroughly with yellow soil 4 parts and fine sand 6 parts and make cutting medium, first loaded in cuttage vessel cup by cutting medium, then be placed on cuttage furrow by cuttage vessel cup, cuttage is disinfected with 2% potassium permanganate the previous day; Normal root water is drenched after inserting in cutting medium after quickly dipped for section under cuttings CPD root-inducing powder is made into 500ppm slurry.Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, in cutting bed, air humidity controls 80 ~ 90%, open the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, spray 85% zineb pulvis 600 ~ 1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2% every 7 days ~ 10 days, after 0.5h, reseal film and shading screen.After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continues to shade, and in early before 11, at 4 in afternoon draws shading screen in, allows seedling adapt to illumination gradually later; Shading screen can be raised after growing 3 pairs of young leaves, complete illumination, then drenched every 8 days ~ 10 days the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure executed one time 0.4 ~ 0.8%, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, until grow up to the healthy and strong extra large mango nursery stock of high more than 45cm, more than leading thread 1.5cm, survival rate 90%.
Claims (9)
1. cultivate the method for mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings for one kind, comprise seed collection and process, cutting orchard is set up, cuttings is cultivated, cuttings gathers, cuttage and management operation, it is waited to levy and is: select the excellent healthy and strong adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect, gather seed and carry out vernalization, transplant and cultivate seedling as cutting orchard on the nursery furrow of the extra large mango nursery stock of applicable cultivation, cultivate semi-lignified branch and make cuttage fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in installing in the container cup of matrix, cultivate cuttage seeding, obtain the extra large mango cuttage nursery stock of excellent stalwartness, concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) seed collection and process: select the excellent healthy and strong adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect, August ~ December fruit maturation, when becoming atropurpureus from dark green, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind to do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove fruit pod and obtain seed; By seed 85 DEG C of hot-water soaks, naturally soak to continuing constant temperature when 40 DEG C after cooling, when the Seed imbibes of hot-water soak expand, seed coat softening after, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2 ~ 3cm is thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, the temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C of period control electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60 ~ 80%, obtains high-quality sea mango seed seedling;
(2) cutting orchard is set up: arrange nursery furrow, plantation high-quality sea mango seed seedling;
(3) cuttings is cultivated: to maternal plant application in time, in time truncation;
(4) cuttings collection: gather rudiment row culture cuttage cuttings, cuttings pruning;
(5) cuttage and management: first cutting medium is loaded in cuttage vessel cup, then cuttage vessel cup is placed on cuttage furrow; Cuttage is disinfected with 2% potassium permanganate the previous day; After quickly dipped for section under cuttings CPD root-inducing powder being made into 500ppm slurry, then drench normal root water after cutting medium will be inserted in; Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, air humidity in cutting bed controls 80 ~ 90%, open the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, spray 85% zineb pulvis 600 ~ 1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2% every 7 ~ 10 days, after 0.5h, reseal film and shading screen; After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continues to shade, and in early before 11, at 4 in afternoon draws shading screen in, allows seedling adapt to illumination gradually later; Can raise shading screen after growing 3 pairs of young leaves, complete illumination, then drenched every 8 ~ 10 days the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure executed one time 0.4 ~ 0.8%, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, until grow up to the high healthy and strong nursery stock of 35 ~ 50cm.
2. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the excellent healthy and strong adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand without damage by disease and insect of the selection described in step (1) is plantation more than 10 years, excellent stalwartness, trunk lead to directly, tree crown is well-balanced, without the excellent strain of the extra large mango of maturation of damage by disease and insect.
3. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the arrangement nursery furrow described in the foundation of step (2) cutting orchard are smashed for first cutting orchard being turned over, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100kg/ mu, fine sand 1000kg/ mu mixes with nursery ground surface soil to be mixed thoroughly, play into the nursery furrow of furrow face width 1m, on furrow face, often row digs 4 Xue, the specification Wa Xue of line-spacing 30cm, Xue specification is 15cm × 15cm × 15cm, 1/3 ~ 1/2 place of mixture table soil Fang Hui Xue Zhi Xue after the Hao Xue of Wa, the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release produced by Xin Pulao company of every Xue dispenser 50 ~ 100g U.S. fertile 15-6-12 full effective type fertilizer slow-release is fertile, stir evenly with 1/3 ~ 1/2 mixture table soil of playback, rear time full soil.
4. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: step (2) cutting orchard set up described in plantation high-quality sea mango seedling be that selection the 1st batch is sprouted and had the seedling of 2 pairs of complete leaves, high 10cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to nursery furrow, drench normal root water after planting, the shading screen of lid 70% shades.
5. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is wait levying: described in the cultivation of step (3) cuttings is when plantation is after 15 days ~ 18 days to maternal plant application in time, in the ranks drenching executes containing weight 1.5 ~ 2.0% Russian import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquor, in the ranks drenches later execute once containing weight 2.0 ~ 2.5% Russian import compound rich water liquid every 20 ~ 25 days; Each collection fringe bar sprays 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for first 10 days and promotes fringe bar lignification, after each collection fringe bar, namely in the ranks drenches and executes 2.0 ~ 2.5% composite fertilizer's liquid manure+0.2 ~ 0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors.
6. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is wait levying: the timely truncation described in the cultivation of step (3) cuttings is that the trunk after base portion up retains 3 ~ 5 pairs of leaves is cut completely after little maternal plant length has 30 ~ 35cm.
7. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the cuttage cuttings described in step (4) cuttings collection is the healthy and strong anosis worm of collection, length is 15 ~ 25cm, the rudiment side shoot of leading thread 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, semi-lignified is cuttings.
8. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the cuttings trimming method described in step (4) cuttings collection is: the cuttings of collection is pruned cuttings in the place in cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, ensure that every bar cuttings has more than 3 buds, except down staying 3 complete leaves at growing point, remaining is erased, to leaf the cutting from more than base portion 2.5cm retained, then cuttings lower end is cut into oblique shape from eye 1cm place.
9. a kind of method of cultivating mangrove associates sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: step (5) cuttage and the cutting medium described in management are the yellow soil 2 ~ 4 parts and fine sand 6 ~ 8 parts mixed thoroughly.
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| CN105248113B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2018-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | The propagation method of Golden Bell Tree root cutting |
| CN106069538A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 崔素清 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of sea Fructus Mangifera Indicae |
| CN107258447B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2020-06-23 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | Asexual propagation method of mango fine variety for greening |
| CN107912160A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-17 | 广东美景园林建设有限公司 | A kind of method of the cottage breeding of mangrove acanthus |
| CN108990675B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-07-24 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | Method for cuttage breeding of tung tree |
| CN110089336B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-10-26 | 海南师范大学 | Tending method for endangered mangrove plant sonneratia pseudosea seedling |
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| KR20120052135A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-23 | 원은미 | Graft mango tree |
| JP2013150559A (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-08 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | Method for cultivating fruit tree |
| CN103782860A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-14 | 杨照明 | Breeding method for achieving high-density and rapid breeding of mango seedlings |
| CN103843547A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-11 | 贺琪 | Mango tree seedling cultivation method |
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| KR20120052135A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-23 | 원은미 | Graft mango tree |
| CN102227987A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-11-02 | 深圳市华美绿环境建设工程有限公司 | Method for planting mangrove plants in fresh water, |
| JP2013150559A (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-08 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | Method for cultivating fruit tree |
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| CN103843547A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-11 | 贺琪 | Mango tree seedling cultivation method |
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