CN104170632A - Cultivation method of high quality cuttings from semi-mangrove Cerbera manghas - Google Patents
Cultivation method of high quality cuttings from semi-mangrove Cerbera manghas Download PDFInfo
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- CN104170632A CN104170632A CN201410423627.8A CN201410423627A CN104170632A CN 104170632 A CN104170632 A CN 104170632A CN 201410423627 A CN201410423627 A CN 201410423627A CN 104170632 A CN104170632 A CN 104170632A
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
A cultivation method of high quality cuttings from semi-mangrove Cerbera manghas is characterized in that fruits on good, healthy mother trees with no pest or disease and growing for more 10 years are selected, seeds are extracted from the fruits by a fruit drying and husking machine, the seeds are soaked in hot water of 85 DEG C, the seeds are soaked at constant temperature after the seeds naturally cool to 40 DEG C, the seeds are sprouted on an electric heating sand bed with temperature of 20-25 DEG C and humidity of 60-80%, plantlets which sprout in a first batch, bear two pairs of complete leaves each and grow 10cm tall are transplanted to a seedling bed used for cultivating seedlings of Cerbera manghas, seedlings are cultivated on the seedling bed as a cutting bed, semi-lignified shoots are cultivated as cuttings, the cuttings are inserted in pots, each made with 2-4 parts of yellow subsoil and 6-8 parts of fine sand, to cultivate seedlings. The method has the advantages that the use of the electric heating sand bed increases sprouting rate of the seeds of Cerbera manghas and shortens cultivation time of mother plants of seedlings; slow release fertilizer as base fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer is applied to the planted mother plants for topdressing, nutrition required by the mother plants during the initial growth period can be guaranteed, continuous supply of nutrition in the whole growth period is guaranteed, growth is fast, buds are many and strong, and seedlings are good in quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings.
Background technology
Sea mango (Cerberamanghas) another name Hai Mango fruit, extra large mango, mountain Shelin is young, monkey is joyful, OX-heart eggplant, Shan Mango really etc., belong to the evergreen dungarunga of Apocynaceae (Apocynaceae) Tanghinia (Cerbera), be mainly distributed in the ground such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Hainan and Hong Kong of China and the torrid areas of Asia and Australia.Fruit, seed, leaf, the stem of sea mango are all poisonous, and the toxicity of seed is maximum, and its fruit contains hydrogen cyanide, extra large mango alkali, alkaloid toxicity bitter principle etc., and many a little foods can be fatal.Blade, bark and the milk of sea mango can be done medicine, have emetic, drop, induced abortion effect, in its blade, the content of fatty acid is abundanter, to maintaining the normal physiological metabolism of human body and healthyly having a good effect, in volatile ingredient 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methy phenol content is very high, can postpone becoming sour of food.Sea mango happiness warm and moist weather, as being mainly distributed in one of half mangrove of land and seabeach intermediate zone, there is certain Salt And Alkali Tolerance characteristic, good coast protection forest seeds, its tree-like grace, Ye great Hua is many, also can be used as Landscape Trees, has higher economic worth and the ecological value.
Sea mango seed source is limited, plants skin hardness large, is difficult for germinateing, and seed seedling-raising forms from being seeded into seedling the time that needs 2 first quarter moons to 3 month, and cuttage technique is not perfect.Liu Xiu etc. have studied the impact of double mangrove sea mango seed sprouting of different storage proceduress, only 64.0 % that its average germination percentage is the highest; Annual, the 23rd volume the 6th phase 9-12 page in 2007.The military magnitude of woods adopts two kinds of root-growing agent indolebutyric acids and naphthalene acid solution to carry out immersion treatment to the extra large mango fringe bar of length 10 ~ 12 cm, then cuttage, the sturdy fringe bar of mango elite stand top semi-lignified of must going to sea with the naphthalene acid solution of higher concentration indolebutyric acid or low concentration, process after cuttage, can improve cuttage survival rate; Shelter forest science and technology, the 1st phase 24-26 page in 2011.
Above-mentioned extra large mango seed seedling-raising method is because seed source is limited, and germination rate is low, and the cycle is long, can not meet the needs of afforestation.Adopt extra large mango tloig-cutlage seedling-cultivating method to grow seedlings, can improve the nursery effect of extra large mango.But, how to set up cutting orchard, the cuttage fringe bar that more high-qualitys are provided is the technical problem of being badly in need of solution.The present invention sets up cutting orchard, by select good stalwartness without the ripening fruitss of the extra large mango trees of damage by disease and insect as seed, cultivate scion-seed tree, large and the semi-lignified cuttage fringe bar of high-quality of cultivation amount, can improve cuttage and seedling culture survival rate, shorten the cultivation time, for the needs of construction inshore shelter forest provide the afforestation nursery stock of high-quality.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: in order to cultivate a large amount of half mangrove sea mango cuttage high quality seedlings, strengthen the construction of shelter belts to protect sea coasts ecosystem, aim to provide a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings.
The object of the invention is to be achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings, comprise seed collection and processing, cutting orchard is set up, cuttings is cultivated, cuttings gathers, cuttage and management operation, it is waited to levy and is: select good stalwartness without the adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand of damage by disease and insect, gather seed and carry out vernalization, transplant on the furrow of growing seedlings that are applicable to the extra large mango nursery stock of cultivation and cultivate seedling as cutting orchard, cultivate semi-lignified branch and make cuttage fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in installing the container cup of matrix, cultivate cuttage seeding, obtain the extra large mango cuttage nursery stock of good stalwartness, concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) seed collection and processing: select good stalwartness without the adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand of damage by disease and insect, August～December fruit maturation, from dark green while becoming atropurpureus, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove fruit pod and obtain seed; By 85 ℃ of hot-water soaks for seed, naturally after cooling, continuing constant temperature during to 40 ℃ soaks, when the seed imbibition of hot-water soak, plant after soft and soggyization, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2～3 cm are thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, control during this time 20～25 ℃ of the temperature of electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60～80 %, obtain high-quality sea mango seed seedling.
(2) cutting orchard is set up: arrange the furrow of growing seedlings, plantation high-quality sea mango seed seedling.
(3) cuttings is cultivated: to maternal plant application in time, timely truncation.
(4) cuttings collection: gather rudiment row culture cuttage cuttings, cuttings pruning.
(5) cuttage and management: first cutting medium is packed in cuttage vessel cup, then cuttage vessel cup is placed on cuttage furrow; Cuttage is disinfected with 2 % potassium permanganate the previous day; The quickly dipped CPD root-inducing powder of section under cuttings is made into after 500 ppm slurries, then will drench normal root water after inserting in cutting medium; Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, air humidity in cutting bed is controlled at 80～90 %, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of opening film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, 600～1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2 % of spray 85 % zineb pulvis every 7～10 days, reseals film and shading screen after 0.5 h; After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continue to shade, and in early before 11, draw shading screens at 4 in afternoon later, allow seedling adapt to gradually illumination; After growing 3 pairs of young leaves, can raise shading screen, illumination completely, then drenched every 8～10 days the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure of executing 0.4～0.8 %, and prevention and elimination of disease and pests, until grow up to the healthy and strong nursery stock that 35～50 cm are high.
The described good stalwartness of selection of above step (1) without the adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand of damage by disease and insect be that plantation 10 years is above, good stalwartness, trunk is perfectly straight, tree crown is well-balanced, without the excellent strain of maturation sea mango of damage by disease and insect.
The arrangement of above step (2) cutting orchard described in the setting up furrow of growing seedlings are smashed for first cutting orchard being turned over, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100 kg/ mus, fine sand 1000 kg/ mus mix and mix thoroughly with the ground surface soil of growing seedlings, play into the furrow of growing seedlings of furrow face width 1 m, on furrow face, every row digs 4 Xue, the specification Wa Xue of line-spacing 30 cm, Xue specification is 15 cm * 15, cm * 15 cm, after the Hao Xue of Wa 1/3～1/2 place of mixture table soil Fang Hui Xue Zhi Xue, the fertile 15-6-12 full effective type of the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release fertilizer slow-release of producing by every Xue dispenser 50～100 g U.S. Xin Pulao companies is fertile, stir evenly with 1/3～1/2 mixture table soil of playback, the rear completely soil that returns.
The plantation high-quality sea mango seedling of above step (2) cutting orchard described in setting up is to select the 1st batch to sprout and have the seedling of 2 pairs of complete leaves, high 10 cm, and little transplantation of seedlings is planted to the furrow of growing seedlings, and after planting, drenches normal root water, and the shading screen that covers 70 % shades.
Described in the cultivation of above step (3) cuttings is after plantation 15 days～18 days to maternal plant application in time, in the ranks drench to execute and contain weight 1.5～2.0 % Russia import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors, every 20～25 days, in the ranks drench to execute later and once contain the compound rich water liquid of weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia's import; Each fringe bar that gathers sprays 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphates promotion fringe bar lignifications for first 10 days, gathers after fringe bar at every turn, in the ranks drenches and executes 2.0～2.5 % composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors one time.
Timely truncation described in the cultivation of above step (3) cuttings is to have after 30～35 cm when little maternal plant is long, up retains 3～5 pairs of trunks leaf cut completely from base portion.
Cuttage cuttings described in above step (4) cuttings collection is that the healthy and strong anosis worm of collection, length are 15～25 cm, leading thread 0.5～1.0 cm, the rudiment side shoot of semi-lignified is cuttings.
Cuttings trimming method described in above step (4) cuttings collection is: the cuttings gathering is pruned to cuttings in shady and cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, guarantee that every cuttings has 3 more than bud, except down staying at growing point 3 complete leaves, remaining is erased, the leaf retaining, from more than base portion 2.5cm cutting, then is cut into oblique shape by cuttings lower end from eye 1 cm place.
Cutting medium described in (5) cuttage of above step and management is 6～8 parts of 2～4 parts of the yellow soils mixed thoroughly and fine sands.
The described kind of above step (1) do solid work dry except luxuriant machine be the applicant's patent of invention CN201310418025.9 " kind is done solid work dry except luxuriant machine ", the machine setting comprises drying, fixed mount, electromotor and electric heating fan blower, wherein: described drying is provided with power transmission shaft, gear ring, air inlet, air outlet and feed inlet and outlet; Described gear ring is located on the outer surface of drying one end, and described power transmission shaft is provided with belt pulley I, and the two ends of power transmission shaft are arranged on the bearing block of fixed mount; Described electromotor is provided with travelling gear and belt pulley II; Described power transmission shaft is used respectively V belt to be connected electromotor with travelling gear with gear ring; Described air inlet and air outlet are located at respectively in the middle of the two ends of drying; In described drying, be also provided with air distribution plate and oblique scraper plate; Described air distribution plate is located in one end of drying air inlet; Described power transmission shaft is provided with paddle; In described electric heating fan blower, stepping is provided with heating wire, and described electric heating fan blower is located at one end of drying, is fixed on fixed mount; Described motor and electric heating fan blower use respectively wire connecting power control cabinet, and form a circuit loop.
The present invention has the following advantages with respect to existing technology:
1. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings of the present invention, adopting slow-release fertilizer is base manure and quick-acting fertilizer top dressing plantation maternal plant, make it at early growth period, can guarantee desired nutritional, guarantee again continuously to supply in whole nutrition in vegetative period, make that its growth is fast, rudiment many and sturdy, improve cuttings quality.
2. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings of the present invention, adopts electrothermal sand bed, can fully control temperature, improves extra large mango percentage of seedgermination, shortens the cultivation time of seed seedling maternal plant.
3. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings of the present invention, the technology of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings is provided, there is the features such as seedling raise period is short, speed is fast, survival rate is high, method is simple, processing ease, to cultivating the extra large mango nursery stock of a large amount of high-qualitys, be of great importance.
The present invention adopt kind do solid work dry except luxuriant machine to plant do solid work dry, remove fruit pod and obtain seed, get kind fast, work efficiency is high, seed quality good, adapt to and produce extra large mango nursery stock in enormous quantities.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment given below, can further be well understood to the present invention, but they not limitation of the invention.
embodiment 1
Select good stalwartness, without damage by disease and insect, the plantation above excellent strain of extra large mango in 10 years, do seed collecting elite stand, August～December fruit maturation, from dark green while becoming atropurpureus, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove fruit pod and obtain seed; By 85 ℃ of hot-water soaks for seed, naturally after cooling, continuing constant temperature during to 40 ℃ soaks, when the seed imbibition of hot-water soak, plant after soft and soggyization, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2～3 cm are thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, control during this time 20～25 ℃ of the temperature of electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60～80 %, cultivate high-quality sea mango seed seedling.Cutting orchard is turned over and smashed, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100 kg/ mus, fine sand 1000 kg/ mus mix and mix thoroughly with the ground surface soil of growing seedlings, play into the furrow of growing seedlings of furrow face width 1 m, the specification that every row digs 4 Xue, line-spacing 30 cm on furrow face is dug Xue; Xue specification is 15 cm * 15, cm * 15 cm; dug 1/2 place of after Xue, mixture table soil being put back to Xue to Xue; the fertile 15-6-12 full effective type of the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release fertilizer slow-release of producing by every Xue dispenser 60 g U.S. Xin Pulao companies is fertile, stir evenly with 1/2 mixture table soil of playback, the rear completely soil that returns; Select the 1st batch of seedling sprouting, while having 2 pairs of complete leaves, high 10cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to the furrow of growing seedlings, after planting, drench normal root water, the shading screen of lid 70% shades; Plant after 15 days, in the ranks drench to execute and contain weight 1.5～2.0 % Russia import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors, every 20 days, in the ranks drench to execute later and once contain the compound rich water liquid of weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia's import; Each fringe bar that gathers sprays 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphates promotion fringe bar lignifications for first 10 days, gathers after fringe bar at every turn, adopts conventional method to drench in the ranks and executes and once contain weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4% potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors; Maternal plant is long to be had after 30 cm, from base portion up retains 3～5 pairs of leaves, from trunk, cuts completely; Gather healthy and strong anosis worm, length and be 15～20 cm, leading thread 0.5～1.0 cm the rudiment side shoot of semi-lignified be cuttings; The cuttings gathering is pruned to cuttings in shady and cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, guarantee that every cuttings has 3 more than bud, except down staying at growing point 3 complete leaves, remaining is erased, the leaf retaining, from more than base portion 2.5 cm cutting, then is cut into oblique shape by cuttings lower end from eye 1 cm place; With 7 parts of 3 parts of yellow soils and fine sands, mix thoroughly and pack container cup into and make cutting medium, first cutting medium is packed in cuttage vessel cup, then cuttage vessel cup is placed on cuttage furrow, cuttage is disinfected with 2 % potassium permanganates the previous day; The quickly dipped CPD root-inducing powder of section under cuttings is made into after inserting in cutting medium after 500 ppm slurries and drenches normal root water.Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, in cutting bed, air humidity is controlled at 80～90 %, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of opening film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, 600～1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2 % of spray 85 % zineb pulvis every 7 days～10 days, reseals film and shading screen after 0.5 h.After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continue to shade, and in early before 11, draw shading screens at 4 in afternoon later, allow seedling adapt to gradually illumination; After growing 3 pairs of young leaves, can raise shading screen, illumination completely, then drenched the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure of executing 0.4～0.8 %, prevention and elimination of disease and pests every 8～10 days, until grow up to, high 40 cm are above, the above healthy and strong extra large mango nursery stock of leading thread 1.5 cm, and survival rate reaches 90 %.
embodiment 2
Select good stalwartness, without damage by disease and insect, the plantation above excellent strain of extra large mango in 10 years, do seed collecting elite stand, August～December fruit maturation, from dark green while becoming atropurpureus, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove fruit pod, obtain seed; By 85 ℃ of hot-water soaks for seed, naturally after cooling, continuing constant temperature during to 40 ℃ soaks, when the seed imbibition of hot-water soak, plant after soft and soggyization, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2～3 cm are thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, control during this time 20～25 ℃ of the temperature of electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60～80 %, cultivate high-quality sea mango seed seedling.Cutting orchard is turned over and smashed, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100 kg/ mus, fine sand 1000 kg/ mus mix and mix thoroughly with the ground surface soil of growing seedlings, play into the furrow of growing seedlings of furrow face width 1m, the specification that every row digs 4 Xue, line-spacing 30 cm on furrow face is dug Xue; Xue specification is 15 cm * 15, cm * 15 cm; dug 1/3 place of after Xue, mixture table soil being put back to Xue to Xue; the fertile 15-6-12 full effective type of the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release fertilizer slow-release of producing by every Xue dispenser 80 g U.S. Xin Pulao companies is fertile, stir evenly with 1/3 mixture table soil of playback, the rear completely soil that returns; Select the 1st batch of seedling sprouting, while having 2 pairs of complete leaves, high 10 cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to the furrow of growing seedlings, after planting, drench normal root water, the shading screen of lid 70 % shades; Plant after 16 days, in the ranks drench to execute and contain weight 1.5～2.0 % Russia import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors, every 22 days, in the ranks drench to execute later and once contain the compound rich water liquid of weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia's import; Each fringe bar that gathers sprays 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphates promotion fringe bar lignifications for first 10 days, each collection after fringe bar, adopts conventional method to drench in the ranks and executes and once contain weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors; Maternal plant is long to be had after 30 cm, from base portion up retains 3～5 pairs of leaves, from trunk, cuts completely; Gather healthy and strong anosis worm, length and be 20～25 cm, leading thread 0.5～1.0 cm the rudiment side shoot of semi-lignified be cuttings; The cuttings gathering is pruned to cuttings in shady and cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, guarantee that every cuttings has 4 more than bud, except down staying at growing point 3 complete leaves, remaining is erased, the leaf retaining, from more than base portion 2.5 cm cutting, then is cut into oblique shape by cuttings lower end from eye 1 cm place; With 8 parts of 2 parts of yellow soils and fine sands, mix thoroughly and pack container cup into and make cutting medium, first cutting medium is packed in cuttage vessel cup, then cuttage vessel cup is placed on cuttage furrow, cuttage is disinfected with 2 % potassium permanganates the previous day; The quickly dipped CPD root-inducing powder of section under cuttings is made into after inserting in cutting medium after 500 ppm slurries and drenches normal root water.Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, in cutting bed, air humidity is controlled at 80～90 %, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of opening film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, 600～1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2 % of spray 85 % zineb pulvis every 7 days～10 days, reseals film and shading screen after 0.5 h.After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continue to shade, and in early before 11, draw shading screens at 4 in afternoon later, allow seedling adapt to gradually illumination; After growing 3 pairs of young leaves, can raise shading screen, illumination completely, then drenched the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure of executing 0.4～0.8 %, prevention and elimination of disease and pests every 8 days～10 days, until grow up to, high 45 cm are above, the above healthy and strong extra large mango nursery stock of leading thread 1.5 cm, and survival rate reaches 92 %.
embodiment 3
Select good stalwartness, without damage by disease and insect, the plantation above excellent strain of extra large mango in 10 years, do seed collecting elite stand, August～December fruit maturation, from dark green while becoming atropurpureus, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove fruit pod, obtain seed; By 85 ℃ of hot-water soaks for seed, naturally after cooling, continuing constant temperature during to 40 ℃ soaks, when the seed imbibition of hot-water soak, plant after soft and soggyization, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2～3 cm are thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, control during this time 20～25 ℃ of the temperature of electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60～80 %, cultivate high-quality sea mango seed seedling.Cutting orchard is turned over and smashed, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100 kg/ mus, fine sand 1000 kg/ mus mix and mix thoroughly with the ground surface soil of growing seedlings, play into the furrow of growing seedlings of furrow face width 1 m, the specification that every row digs 4 Xue, line-spacing 30 cm on furrow face is dug Xue; Xue specification is 15 cm * 15, cm * 15 cm; dug 1/2 place of after Xue, mixture table soil being put back to Xue to Xue; the fertile 15-6-12 full effective type of the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release fertilizer slow-release of producing by every Xue dispenser 100 g U.S. Xin Pulao companies is fertile, stir evenly with the 1/2 table soil that mixes of playback, the rear completely soil that returns; Select the 1st batch of seedling sprouting, while having 2 pairs of complete leaves, high 10 cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to the furrow of growing seedlings, after planting, drench normal root water, the shading screen of lid 70 % shades; Plant after 18 days, in the ranks drench to execute and contain weight 1.5～2.0 % Russia import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors, every 25 days, in the ranks drench to execute later and once contain the compound rich water liquid of weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia's import; Each fringe bar that gathers sprays 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphates promotion fringe bar lignifications for first 10 days, each collection after fringe bar, adopts conventional method to drench in the ranks and executes and once contain weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors; Maternal plant is long to be had after 35 cm, from base portion up retains 3～5 pairs of leaves, from trunk, cuts completely; Gather healthy and strong anosis worm, length and be 20～25 cm, leading thread 0.5～1.0 cm the rudiment side shoot of semi-lignified be cuttings; The cuttings gathering is pruned to cuttings in shady and cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, guarantee that every cuttings has 4 more than bud, except down staying at growing point 3 complete leaves, remaining is erased, the leaf retaining, from more than base portion 2.5 cm cutting, then is cut into oblique shape by cuttings lower end from eye 1 cm place; With 6 parts of 4 parts of yellow soils and fine sands, mix thoroughly and pack container cup into and make cutting medium, first cutting medium is packed in cuttage vessel cup, then cuttage vessel cup is placed on cuttage furrow, cuttage is disinfected with 2 % potassium permanganates the previous day; The quickly dipped CPD root-inducing powder of section under cuttings is made into after inserting in cutting medium after 500 ppm slurries and drenches normal root water.Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, in cutting bed, air humidity is controlled at 80～90 %, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of opening film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, 600～1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2 % of spray 85 % zineb pulvis every 7 days～10 days, reseals film and shading screen after 0.5 h.After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continue to shade, and in early before 11, draw shading screens at 4 in afternoon later, allow seedling adapt to gradually illumination; After growing 3 pairs of young leaves, can raise shading screen, illumination completely, then drenched the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure of executing 0.4～0.8 %, prevention and elimination of disease and pests every 8 days～10 days, until grow up to, high 45 cm are above, the above healthy and strong extra large mango nursery stock of leading thread 1.5 cm, and survival rate reaches 90 %.
Claims (10)
1. a method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings, comprise seed collection and processing, cutting orchard is set up, cuttings is cultivated, cuttings gathers, cuttage and management operation, it is waited to levy and is: select good stalwartness without the adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand of damage by disease and insect, gather seed and carry out vernalization, transplant on the furrow of growing seedlings that are applicable to the extra large mango nursery stock of cultivation and cultivate seedling as cutting orchard, cultivate semi-lignified branch and make cuttage fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in installing the container cup of matrix, cultivate cuttage seeding, obtain the extra large mango cuttage nursery stock of good stalwartness, concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) seed collection and processing: select good stalwartness without the adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand of damage by disease and insect, August～December fruit maturation, from dark green while becoming atropurpureus, collecting fruit, fruit be placed in kind do solid work dry except dry in luxuriant machine, remove fruit pod and obtain seed; By 85 ℃ of hot-water soaks for seed, naturally after cooling, continuing constant temperature during to 40 ℃ soaks, when the seed imbibition of hot-water soak, plant after soft and soggyization, the full seed of water suction is sowed on the clean electrothermal sand bed of sterilization, covers the fine sand that 2～3 cm are thick, sprinkle clear water, cover plastic film, control during this time 20～25 ℃ of the temperature of electrothermal sand bed, humidity 60～80 %, obtain high-quality sea mango seed seedling;
(2) cutting orchard is set up: arrange the furrow of growing seedlings, plantation high-quality sea mango seed seedling;
(3) cuttings is cultivated: to maternal plant application in time, timely truncation;
(4) cuttings collection: gather rudiment row culture cuttage cuttings, cuttings pruning;
(5) cuttage and management: first cutting medium is packed in cuttage vessel cup, then cuttage vessel cup is placed on cuttage furrow; Cuttage is disinfected with 2 % potassium permanganate the previous day; The quickly dipped CPD root-inducing powder of section under cuttings is made into after 500 ppm slurries, then will drench normal root water after inserting in cutting medium; Cover film and shading screen according to a conventional method after cuttage, surrounding dirt seal, air humidity in cutting bed is controlled at 80～90 %, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of opening film and shading screen ventilation, trickle, 600～1000 times of aqueous solution+0.2 % of spray 85 % zineb pulvis every 7～10 days, reseals film and shading screen after 0.5 h; After cuttage rooting is stable, plastic film is raised, continue to shade, and in early before 11, draw shading screens at 4 in afternoon later, allow seedling adapt to gradually illumination; After growing 3 pairs of young leaves, can raise shading screen, illumination completely, then drenched every 8～10 days the Russian composite fertilizer liquid manure of executing 0.4～0.8 %, and prevention and elimination of disease and pests, until grow up to the healthy and strong nursery stock that 35～50 cm are high.
2. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the described good stalwartness of selection of step (1) without the adult tree carpentery workshop seed collecting elite stand of damage by disease and insect be that plantation 10 years is above, good stalwartness, trunk is perfectly straight, tree crown is well-balanced, without the excellent strain of maturation sea mango of damage by disease and insect.
3. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the arrangement of step (2) cutting orchard described in the setting up furrow of growing seedlings are smashed for first cutting orchard being turned over, evenly sprinkle fused calcium magnesium phosphate 100 kg/ mus, fine sand 1000 kg/ mus mix and mix thoroughly with the ground surface soil of growing seedlings, play into the furrow of growing seedlings of furrow face width 1 m, on furrow face, every row digs 4 Xue, the specification Wa Xue of line-spacing 30 cm, Xue specification is 15 cm * 15, cm * 15 cm, after the Hao Xue of Wa 1/3～1/2 place of mixture table soil Fang Hui Xue Zhi Xue, the fertile 15-6-12 full effective type of the Ai Beishi long-acting controlled release fertilizer slow-release of producing by every Xue dispenser 50～100 g U.S. Xin Pulao companies is fertile, stir evenly with 1/3～1/2 mixture table soil of playback, the rear completely soil that returns.
4. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the plantation high-quality sea mango seedling of step (2) cutting orchard described in setting up is to select the 1st batch to sprout and have the seedling of 2 pairs of complete leaves, high 10 cm, little transplantation of seedlings is planted to the furrow of growing seedlings, after planting, drench normal root water, the shading screen of lid 70 % shades.
5. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is wait levying: described in the cultivation of step (3) cuttings is after plantation 15 days～18 days to maternal plant application in time, in the ranks drench to execute and contain weight 1.5～2.0 % Russia import composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors, every 20～25 days, in the ranks drench to execute later and once contain the compound rich water liquid of weight 2.0～2.5 % Russia's import; Each fringe bar that gathers sprays 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphates promotion fringe bar lignifications for first 10 days, gathers after fringe bar at every turn, in the ranks drenches and executes 2.0～2.5 % composite fertilizer liquid manure+0.2～0.4 % potassium chloride liquid manure mixed liquors one time.
6. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is wait levying: the timely truncation described in the cultivation of step (3) cuttings is to have after 30～35 cm when little maternal plant is long, up retains 3～5 pairs of trunks leaf cut completely from base portion.
7. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the cuttage cuttings described in step (4) cuttings collection is that to gather healthy and strong anosis worm, length be 15～25 cm, leading thread 0.5～1.0 cm, the rudiment side shoot of semi-lignified is cuttings.
8. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the cuttings trimming method described in step (4) cuttings collection is: the cuttings gathering is pruned to cuttings in shady and cool place with sharp scissors or scalpel, guarantee that every cuttings has 3 more than bud, except down staying at growing point 3 complete leaves, remaining is erased, the leaf retaining, from more than base portion 2.5 cm cutting, then is cut into oblique shape by cuttings lower end from eye 1 cm place.
9. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the cutting medium described in step (5) cuttage and management is 6～8 parts of 2～4 parts of yellow soils mixing thoroughly and fine sands.
10. a kind of method of cultivating half mangrove sea mango high-quality cuttings according to claim 1, it is waited to levy and is: the described kind of step (1) do solid work dry except luxuriant machine be the applicant's patent of invention CN201310418025.9 " kind is done solid work dry except luxuriant machine ".
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| CN105248113A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Tabebuia chrysantha root cutting reproduction method |
| CN106069538A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 崔素清 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of sea Fructus Mangifera Indicae |
| CN107258447A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-20 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of asexual reproduction method afforested with mango improved seeds |
| CN107912160A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-17 | 广东美景园林建设有限公司 | A kind of method of the cottage breeding of mangrove acanthus |
| CN108990675A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-14 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | A kind of method of Aegiceras corniculatum cutting propagation |
| CN110089336A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-06 | 海南师范大学 | A kind of mangrove sonneratia paracaseolaris seedling Tending methods in imminent danger |
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| CN108990675A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-14 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | A kind of method of Aegiceras corniculatum cutting propagation |
| CN108990675B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-07-24 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | Method for cuttage breeding of tung tree |
| CN110089336A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-06 | 海南师范大学 | A kind of mangrove sonneratia paracaseolaris seedling Tending methods in imminent danger |
| CN110089336B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-10-26 | 海南师范大学 | Tending method for endangered mangrove plant sonneratia pseudosea seedling |
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