CN106134895A

CN106134895A - A kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique

Info

Publication number: CN106134895A
Application number: CN201610520726.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆保生
Original assignee: Guangxi Tianyang United Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Tianyang United Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-06-30
Filing date: 2016-06-30
Publication date: 2016-11-23

Abstract

nullThe invention discloses a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique，Invention utilizes crystal guava kind to carry out grafting with wild purple fruit hill gooseberry，Planted by strengthening nursery stock management after engrafting and cultivating，Plantation step includes wholely、Slurry root、Field planting、Rich water quality management、Multiple cropping、Spray fertilizer、Orchid is received and plants、Branch-finishing and pruning、Red heart guava flower and fruit management、Truncate sprouting etc.，Invention also utilizes dendrobium happiness the moon、Red heart guava habit on the sunny side carries out the multiple cropping technical research of fruit tree and flowers，By strengthening management in planting process、Constantly research creates applicable red heart guava and the benign eco-environment of dendrobium growth，Reach the high yield of red heart guava and dendrobium，Do not need herbicide weeding in planting process simultaneously、Agricultural insecticide，Make multiple cropping can reach ecological、The planting effect of environmental protection，Further improve the soft silk floss of existing red heart Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus meat，Color problem deep not.

Description

A kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique

[technical field]

The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field of cultivation, particularly to a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique.

[background technology]

Guava common on the market at present is the white heart, and red heart Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus is more rare, and red heart Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus is ripe Rear pulp is that red pulp mouthfeel is more soft than white heart guava, and it is stronger that fruital compares white heart guava, and guava is suitable especially Close diabetes patient, contain substantial amounts of vitamin C, also a kind of composition being similar to insulin inside it, can allow insulin Secretion is accelerated, and allows the blood sugar raising lower, and additionally the immunity to human body for the red heart guava also has certain regulation effect, energy The generation of suppression diabetic complication, people eat and can invigorating the spleen disappear long-pending after it, also can relieving diarrhea with astringents, stomach can be regulated and also have Certain heat-clearing toxin-expelling functions.Dendrobium is a genus maximum in orchid, has very high ornamental value, economic effect Benefit is high.

At present, the seedling of red heart guava on the market generally introduces a fine variety plantation, mainly introduces " the red heart fragrant plant in Taiwan Happy " kind guava, the guava of this kind is pale red, the soft silk floss of meat, and inoculation method uses conventional implantation methods, it may be assumed that Cultivating seedlings, whole transplant, the step such as rich water quality management, bagging, integer, for example, Chinese patent CN 103733933B discloses one Planting the cultural method of guava fruit tree, the production stage of this invention is: selection of land builds garden, rich water quality management, bagging and integer, and invention is simultaneously It is not disclosed and how to cultivate red heart guava, also the quality of existing red heart Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus is not improved, and, existing skill Seldom utilizing fruit tree and flowers to carry out multiple cropping in art, because the planting environment difference of flowers and fruit tree is relatively big, and flowers are many Using potted plant and soilless culture, planting process is tediously long, complex management to utilize field to carry out.Therefore, red heart guava is being carried out again Plant and cultivation needs solve problems with: (1) overcomes existing red heart Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus color light red, the problem (2) gram of the soft silk floss of meat Take fruit tree and flowers to be not easy multiple cropping thus improve the problem of land utilization ratio；(3) the red heart guava fruit tree after grafting is improved It is planted in the low problem of transplanting process survival rate；(4) overcome need to spray insecticide in red heart guava planting process, insecticide Problem.

[content of the invention]

In view of foregoing, it is necessary to provide a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique, fruit tree can be reached and enter with flowers Row multiple cropping, particularly red heart guava and dendrobium carry out multiple cropping；Improve the survival rate in the process of transplanting for the red heart guava, improve Existing red heart guava quality, in planting process apply environment-friendly fertilizer, do not spray insecticide, insecticide reach environmental protection plantation mesh 's.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique, described cultural method is as follows:

(1) grafting: crystal guava kind fruit tree is carried out grafting with wild purple fruit hill gooseberry fruit tree, at booth after grafting Temperature is to carry out cultivating seedlings under the constant temperature of 22-25 DEG C, obtains red heart guava seedling, cultivates and carries out Nursery stock transplanting after terminating；

(2) wholely: orchard is carried out plough, shine white, harrow broken, furrow process, ditching depth is 30-40cm, a width of 20-of ditch 30cm, two ditch spacing are 3-4m；

(3) starch root: modulate yellow mud pulp-water, in the strong sprout selecting step (1) to cultivate, carry out starching root process, by red heart kind stone Pomegranate seedling is put in the yellow mud water having configured after immersion 1-2min fully wraps up in slurry and carries out field planting；

(4) field planting: the zanjon that the red heart guava seedling handling step (3) well is put in step (2) carries out field planting, field planting Spacing in the rows be 3-4m；

(5) rich water quality management: applying fertilizer according to the ratio of every square metre of fertilizer applying 8-10kg, every day carries out 1-3 Secondary irrigation, irrigates the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces and is as the criterion；

(6) multiple cropping: after the red heart guava seedling major branch of step (5) grows to 70-80cm length, putting down between adjacent two ditches Dig pit plantation dendrobium according to spacing in the rows 20-30cm on the ground, cheat deep 15-20cm, wide 15-20cm, addition substrate material in hole；

(7) fertilization of leaves: after carrying out multiple cropping, sprays to red heart guava seedling that to include mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% phosphorus Acid dihydride potassium, mass concentration are that the leaf of 0.2%-0.3% animals urine composition is fertile, spray to orchid seedling and include mass concentration and be 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% animals urine, mass concentration be that 4%-5% orchid is special The leaf of fertile composition is fertile；

(8) orchid is received and plants: treats that dendrobium is uprooped to carry out receiving by dendrobium Post flowering trowel and plants and be transplanted to flowerpot In, after receipts cultivation completes, carry out multiple cropping again according to above-mentioned (6)-(7) step；

(9) branch-finishing and pruning: after seedling planting, cuts top at overhead 40-50cm and determines dry, promote sprouting of lateral bud, and select and remain 4-5 The individual branch being evenly distributed makees major branch, when major branch grows to 70-80cm, carries out pinching, draws branch process, is trained tree crown certainly So happy shape；

(10) red heart guava flower and fruit management: sprayed the paclobutrazol of 1-2 1000mg/L-1500mg/L concentration before the florescence, contains The borax soln of 2-3 50mg/L-100mg/L of spray in bloom stage, the young fruit period at Xie Huahou carries out fruit thinning, removes too much overstocked Fruitlet, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, gather in the crops the methyl α-naphthyl acetate spraying 2-3 70mg/L-100mg/L continuously in first 30 days and carry out fruit retention；

Further, described engrafting method selects bud grafting method, with the fruit tree of crystal guava kind as stock, with wild The bud of purple fruit hill gooseberry fruit tree, as grafting bud, carries out grafting by " T " word cut-grafting method.

Further, described yellow mud pulp-water manner of formulation is: be 1-2:2-3 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, by yellow mud It is modulated into suspension with water, in yellow mud aqueous suspension, add the heteroauxin of 2000-3000ppm, stir.

Further, described fertilizer composition by weight percent includes: 5%-20% chicken manure, 5%-20% pig manure, 15%- 25% silkworm faeces, 10%-20% cow dung, 10%-20% horsehit, 10%-20% rice bran, 5%-10% bone meal, 5%-10% rice straw Powder.

Further, described irrigation time is 7:00-9:00 in morning, afternoon 18:00-19:00.

Further, described substrate material composition is the blue stone 200-300g of a diameter of 0.5-1cm, a diameter of 1mm-5mm's Peat 100-200g, bark crushed stalk mixture 100-200g.

Further, described special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: mass concentration be 20%-25% plant protein amino-acid, Mass concentration be chelating calcium, the mass concentration of 4%-5% be 4 ‰-5 ‰ beryllium ion solution, mass concentration be 4 ‰-5 ‰ zinc Boron solion that ferric ion solutions that solion, mass concentration are 4 ‰-5 ‰, mass concentration are 4 ‰-5 ‰, mass concentration Be 4 ‰-5 ‰ copper ion solution, mass concentration be the humic acid of 1%-2%.

There is advantages that

1st, the present invention utilizes crystal guava kind and wild hill gooseberry's kind to carry out grafting and produces red heart guava, obtains Novel red heart guava, crystal guava kind has the feature that fruit is big, fragrant, crisp, pulp is white, belongs to Myrtaceae, wild Hill gooseberry's fruit is purple, savory, goes up close with crystal guava each other in heredity, easy grafting success, the fruit after grafting It is real that face is dark red, fruit is big, crisp, fragrant, the red heart guava meat solving prior art is continuous, color problem deep not, due to Wild hill gooseberry's limb is less, and the energy for growth of bud is more vigorous relative to branch, and therefore, the technical program selects the method for bud grafting to enter Row grafting, meanwhile, the technical program also utilizes dendrobium happiness the moon, red heart guava habit on the sunny side to carry out fruit tree and flowers Multiple cropping technical research, by strengthening management in planting process, constantly research create applicable red heart guava and dendrobium The benign eco-environment of growth, reaches the high yield of red heart guava and dendrobium.The technical program is carrying out red heart guava Carry out starching root process with yellow mud water during transplanting, yellow mud relatively with other earth after moistening more toughness, adhesive force is higher, makes When carrying out slurry root with yellow mud water, can effectively play the effect of water conservation, moisturizing, new talent should not water too many water after transplanting, anti- Only hypervolia evaporation water loss rapidly, therefore, slurry root largely maintains the primary demand to moisture for the root system of plant, this skill Art scheme carries out the interplanting of dendrobium again when red heart guava grows to 1.5-2m, has taken into full account dendrobium happiness the moon, red heart kind The characteristic of pomegranate tree happiness sun, during the multiple cropping of dendrobium, owing to the root system of dendrobium is upright distribution, selects dell to carry out Plantation, owing to dendrobium root system is less demanding to water, hypervolia can cause root system to rot, and adds base-material and can improve water penetration not Carrying out, with segmentation, management of watering, the gas permeability improving root system ensure that the growth of dendrobium, utilizes red heart guava and dendrobium Interplanting solves the problem of land utilization ratio, and dendrobium plantation simultaneously is closeer, it is suppressed that the growth of weeds, monoblock orchard does not needs Carrying out weeding, without spraying herbicide, the smell of dendrobium can also disperse insect, it is not necessary to carries out deinsectization measure, need not spray Agricultural chemicals, can also reduce the usage amount of substrate material in dendrobium planting process simultaneously, need not carry out dendrobium at special sunshade Reason, the flourishing root system of red heart guava can also improve hydrophobicity and the gas permeability of dendrobium planting environment, and ratio uses usual manner Dendrobium benefit is higher, growing power is more vigorous in plantation, is gathered by trowel when the orchid of the technical program is gathered, need not Extra again carry out measures such as ploughing again, can effectively improve field efficiency, it can be seen that, utilize the technical program to carry out multiple cropping Ecological, the planting effect of environmental protection can be reached.

2nd, the technical program is added heteroauxin in yellow mud water and can be effectively facilitated taking root of red heart guava fruit tree, promotes The bud of plant, seedling growth, can guarantee that the survival rate of red heart guava fruit tree, and certainly, the technical program is only molten with heteroauxin Liquid sprays it cannot be guaranteed that it can fully, be absorbed by root system of plant uniformly, it is therefore desirable to is blended in yellow mud water and carries out starching at root Reason.

3rd, the technical program selects the bio-organic fertilizer of environmental protection to carry out fertilizer treatment, owing to the growth needs of dendrobium is good Good ventilation rate, the base manure of technical scheme can not use inorganic fertilizer, and selects bio-organic fertilizer to apply fertilizer, and solves Chemically composited fertilizer can cause the problem of the hardening soil, and chicken manure, pig manure, horsehit are drier, is difficult to by soil absorption, therefore during interpolation Can be properly added pig manure, cow dung particularly buffalo excrement to be adjusted, silkworm faeces ammonia content is high, harmful due to silkworm heavy metal etc. Material is especially sensitive, and use silkworm faeces is safer compared with other ight soil, cleaning does not results in secondary pollution, certainly only applies silkworm faeces former Material difficulty obtains, simultaneously costly, cost high, red heart guava fruit tree is insensitive to other trace elements, it is not necessary to added Many, in order to increase the content of phosphorus and animal protein in fertilizer, bone meal can be added and substitute phosphide, bone meal will not be too much because of using And cause the hardening soil, fertilizer only adds active ingredient, does not ensures that ventilation rate, in addition it is also necessary to proportioning is added a certain amount of Rice straw powder, therefore, in order to red heart guava and dendrobium can play good economic benefit in same ecosystem symbiosis, In fertilizer, the proportioning of arbitrary fertilizer is all requisite.

4th, when sunlight at noon is strong especially, owing to temperature is high, making the pore of leaf surface close, now green plants is not Can carry out transpiration, if now irrigated, plant scatters and disappears 95%-99% in plant because not carrying out transpiration Moisture, then water more plant can be made to rot because too much moisture can not absorb, therefore, the technical program select morning or Carry out before or after sunshine irrigating operation at sunshine in the afternoon.

5th, the plantation of dendrobium preferably uses good permeability, and the good matrix of drainability is planted as base material, through sending out A person of good sense constantly studies discovery, and Lan Shi is closest to the effective of dendrobium soil for growth environment as base material in planting process Composition, meanwhile, Lan Shi, by the stone that many diameter are 0.5-1cm, can increase the gas permeability of plantation, and Peat utilization carbon divides Son has adsorbing principle to strengthen dredging of water, it is ensured that the planting environment relatively dry of dendrobium, the powder of bark stalk has Water imbibition, except can increase water dredge ability in addition to, the growth returning dendrobium provides necessary vegetable protein, it is not necessary to Extra interpolation base manure.

6th, dendrobium is flower plant, and therefore relatively high to the fertile requirement of leaf, orchid is mainly led in growth cycle Crossing applying leaf fertilizer and ensureing growth, the technical program selects plant protein amino-acid, provides necessary nitrogen element for plant, with When also include the micro constitutents such as calcium ion, beryllium ion, zinc ion, iron ion, boron ion, copper ion solution, it is ensured that plant is raw Long fine quality, plays the effect of regulation soil balanced nutrients, and adding humic acid is the acidity fertile in order to improve leaf, strengthens stone The blue absorbability fertile to leaf of dry measure used in former times.

[detailed description of the invention]

All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during step, except mutually exclusive Feature and/or step beyond, all can combine by any way.

Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise, Replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is a series of One of equivalence or similar characteristics example.

Embodiment 1:

With the fruit tree of crystal guava kind as stock, the bud of wild purple fruit hill gooseberry fruit tree as grafting bud, according to " T " word cut-grafting method carries out grafting, is to carry out cultivating seedlings at a temperature of 22 DEG C in temperature, obtains red heart kind after grafting in booth Pomegranate seedlings, cultivates and carries out Nursery stock transplanting after terminating；Orchard is carried out plough, shine white, harrow broken process, carry out furrow afterwards, trench digging The degree of depth is 30cm, a width of 20cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 3m；It is 1:2 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, yellow mud and water are modulated into Suspension, in yellow mud aqueous suspension add 2000ppm heteroauxin, stir be modulated into can be used for starch root yellow mud Water, the healthy and strong grafting of choosing, carry out starching root process: grafting is put in yellow mud water configure and soaks after 1min fully wraps up in slurry Carry out field planting, in whole good zanjon, be that 3m carries out field planting according to spacing in the rows, apply the ratio of the fertilizer of 8kg according to every square metre Example carries out applying fertilizer, and (fertilizer composition by weight percent includes: 20% chicken manure, 10% pig manure, 25% silkworm faeces, 10% cow dung, 10% Horsehit, 10% rice bran, 10% bone meal, 5%% rice straw powder), every morning 7:00-9:00, afternoon, 18:00-19:00 selected for a post meaning When be interrupted and carry out 1-3 time and irrigate, irrigate and be as the criterion with the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces, treat that red heart guava seedling major branch is long After 70cm length, dig pit plantation dendrobium according to spacing in the rows 20cm in the level land between adjacent two ditches, cheat deep 15cm, wide 15cm, And add that (substrate material composition is the blue stone 200g of a diameter of 0.5-1cm to substrate material, the peat of a diameter of 1mm-5mm in hole 100g, bark crushed stalk mixture 100g), after carrying out multiple cropping, spray to the red heart guava seedling of grafting that to include quality dense Degree is the liquid manure that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration are 0.2% animals urine composition, sprays to orchid seedling and includes quality Concentration is the water that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration are 0.2% animals urine, mass concentration are 4% special fertilizer for orchid composition It is fertile that (special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: chelating calcium that plant protein amino-acid that mass concentration is 20%, mass concentration are 4%, matter Amount concentration be 4 ‰ beryllium ion solution, mass concentration be 4 ‰ zinc ion solution, mass concentration be 4 ‰ ferric ion solutions, Copper ion solution that boron solion that mass concentration is 4 ‰, mass concentration are 4 ‰, mass concentration are the humic acid of 1%), stone Dendrobium is uprooped to carry out receiving and is planted and be transplanted in flowerpot by the blue Post flowering trowel of dry measure used in former times, after receipts cultivation completes, then carries out multiple cropping, After seedling planting, cutting top and determining dry, promote sprouting of lateral bud at overhead 40cm, 4-5 the branch being evenly distributed of selecting and remain makees major branch, When major branch grows to 70cm, carry out pinching, draw branch process, tree crown is trained natural open centre shape and is easy to pluck fruit, sprayed before the florescence The paclobutrazol of 1-2 1000mg/L concentration, full-bloom stage sprays the borax soln of 2-3 50mg/L, and the young fruit period at Xie Huahou enters Row fruit thinning, removes too much overstocked fruitlet, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, gathers in the crops the naphthalene second spraying 2-3 70mg/L for first 30 days continuously Acid carries out fruit retention.

Embodiment 2:

With the fruit tree of crystal guava kind as stock, the bud of wild purple fruit hill gooseberry fruit tree as grafting bud, according to " T " word cut-grafting method carries out grafting, is to carry out cultivating seedlings at a temperature of 25 DEG C in temperature, obtains red heart kind after grafting in booth Pomegranate seedlings, cultivates and carries out Nursery stock transplanting after terminating；Orchard is carried out plough, shine white, harrow broken process, carry out furrow afterwards, trench digging The degree of depth is 40cm, a width of 30cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 4m；It is 2:3 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, yellow mud and water are modulated into Suspension, in yellow mud aqueous suspension add 3000ppm heteroauxin, stir be modulated into can be used for starch root yellow mud Water, the healthy and strong grafting of choosing, carry out starching root process: grafting is put in yellow mud water configure and soaks after 2min fully wraps up in slurry Carry out field planting, in whole good zanjon, be that 4m carries out field planting according to spacing in the rows, apply the ratio of the fertilizer of 10kg according to every square metre Example carries out applying fertilizer, and (fertilizer composition by weight percent includes: 10% chicken manure, 20% pig manure, 15% silkworm faeces, 15% cow dung, 15% Horsehit, 15% rice bran, 5% bone meal, 5% rice straw powder), every morning 7:00-9:00, when afternoon, 18:00-19:00 selected for a post meaning It is interrupted and carries out 1-3 irrigation, irrigate and be as the criterion with the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces, treat that red heart guava seedling major branch grows to After 80cm length, dig pit plantation dendrobium according to spacing in the rows 30cm in the level land between adjacent two ditches, cheat deep 20cm, wide 20cm, and Add in hole substrate material (substrate material composition is blue stone 300g, the peat 200g of a diameter of 1mm-5mm of a diameter of 0.5-1cm, Bark crushed stalk mixture 200g), after carrying out multiple cropping, spray to the red heart guava seedling of grafting and include mass concentration and be 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration are the liquid manure of 0.3% animals urine composition, spray to orchid seedling and include mass concentration It is the liquid manure that 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration are 0.3% animals urine, mass concentration are 5% special fertilizer for orchid composition (special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: chelating calcium that plant protein amino-acid that mass concentration is 25%, mass concentration are 5%, quality Concentration be 5 ‰ beryllium ion solution, mass concentration be 5 ‰ zinc ion solution, mass concentration be 5 ‰ ferric ion solutions, matter Measure the humic acid that the copper ion solution, mass concentration that the boron solion, mass concentration that concentration is 5 ‰ is 5 ‰ is 2%), the stem of noble dendrobium Dendrobium is uprooped to carry out receiving and is planted and be transplanted in flowerpot by blue Post flowering trowel, after receipts cultivation completes, then carries out multiple cropping, seedling After wood field planting, cutting top and determining dry, promote sprouting of lateral bud at overhead 50cm, 4-5 the branch being evenly distributed of selecting and remain makees major branch, when When major branch grows to 80cm, carry out pinching, draw branch process, tree crown is trained natural open centre shape and is easy to pluck fruit, before the florescence, sprayed 1-2 The paclobutrazol of secondary 1500mg/L concentration, full-bloom stage sprays the borax soln of 2-3 100mg/L, and the young fruit period at Xie Huahou is carried out Fruit thinning, removes too much overstocked fruitlet, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, gathers in the crops the methyl α-naphthyl acetate spraying 2-3 100mg/L for first 30 days continuously Carry out fruit retention.

Embodiment 3:

With the fruit tree of crystal guava kind as stock, the bud of wild purple fruit hill gooseberry fruit tree as grafting bud, according to " T " word cut-grafting method carries out grafting, is that at a temperature of 23 DEG C, constant temperature carries out cultivating seedlings in temperature, obtains red after grafting in booth Heart guava seedling, cultivates and carries out Nursery stock transplanting after terminating；Orchard is carried out plough, shine white, harrow broken process, carry out furrow afterwards, Ditching depth is 35cm, a width of 25cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 3.5m；It is 1:1 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, by yellow mud and water It is modulated into suspension, add the heteroauxin of 2500ppm in the yellow mud aqueous suspension, stirring to be modulated into can be used for starching root Yellow mud pulp-water, the healthy and strong grafting of choosing, carry out starching root process: grafting is put in the yellow mud water having configured immersion 1.5min and fills Divide and carry out field planting after wrapping up in slurry, in whole good zanjon, be that 3.5m carries out field planting according to spacing in the rows, apply 9kg's according to every square metre The ratio of fertilizer carries out applying fertilizer, and (fertilizer composition by weight percent includes: 5% chicken manure, 5% pig manure, 17% silkworm faeces, 20% N Excrement, 20% horsehit, 20% rice bran, 6% bone meal, 7% rice straw powder), every morning 7:00-9:00,18:00-19:00 choosing in afternoon Random time is disconnected carries out 1-3 irrigation, irrigates and is as the criterion with the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces, treats red heart guava seedling master After branch grows to 75cm length, dig pit plantation dendrobium according to spacing in the rows 250cm in the level land between adjacent two ditches, cheat deep 18cm, wide 18cm, and in hole, add that (substrate material composition is the blue stone 250g of a diameter of 0.5-1cm to substrate material, the mud of a diameter of 1mm-5mm Charcoal 150g, bark crushed stalk mixture 150g), after carrying out multiple cropping, spray to the red heart guava seedling of grafting and include quality Concentration is the liquid manure that 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration are 0.25% animals urine composition, sprays to orchid seedling and includes Mass concentration be 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration be 0.25% animals urine, mass concentration be 4.5% special fertilizer for orchid Composition liquid manure (special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: mass concentration be 23% plant protein amino-acid, mass concentration be 4.5% Chelating calcium, mass concentration be 4.5 ‰ beryllium ion solution, mass concentration be 4.5 ‰ zinc ion solution, mass concentration be Copper ion solution that boron solion that the ferric ion solutions of 4.5 ‰, mass concentration are 4.5 ‰, mass concentration are 4 ‰-5 ‰, Mass concentration is the humic acid of 1.5%), dendrobium is uprooped to carry out receiving and is planted and be transplanted to flower by dendrobium Post flowering trowel In basin, after receipts cultivation completes, then carry out multiple cropping, after seedling planting, at overhead 45cm, cut top determine dry, promote sprouting of lateral bud, select Stay 4-5 the branch being evenly distributed to make major branch, when major branch grows to 75cm, carry out pinching, draw branch process, tree crown is trained Natural open centre shape is easy to pluck fruit, sprays the paclobutrazol of 1-2 1800mg/L concentration before the florescence, and full-bloom stage sprays 2-3 80mg/L's Borax soln, the young fruit period at Xie Huahou carries out fruit thinning, removes too much overstocked fruitlet, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, before results The methyl α-naphthyl acetate spraying 2-3 80mg/L continuously in 30 days carries out fruit retention.

Control group 1:

" red heart fragrant plant is happy " of selecting Taiwan to introduce carries out general planting as seedling according to the spacing in the rows of 3m × 3m, i.e. according to shifting Cultivation, fertilising, irrigation, weeding, deinsectization, beta pruning, receipts fruit step plantation.

Control group 2:

Select the dendrobium kind identical with embodiment to carry out a point root plantation, carry out field cultivation: growth selection is closeer Value strain. opened after spending. it is taken out from basin, removes and old cut from the base portion of stem of growing thickly very much, minimum to the greatest extent when cutting hinder root system, only Covering and cutting off interconnective very shape is position, and root hand position is opened, it is not necessary to cut by cutter.It is one group with main strain, older root is entered one Step is wiped out, and in field according to cheating deep 15-20cm, wide 15-20cm, plants according to the spacing in the rows of 20cm × 20cm, digs Hole, inserts new matrix in hole and is compacted, and the plantation carrying out dendrobium also passes through irrigation, applies the fertile process of leaf.

Interpretation:

1st, survival rate:

(1) red heart guava growth rate: the 50m of 4 pieces of diverse locations of random delimitation embodiment 1-3 and control group 1²Really Garden 100m altogether²Record and analyze data below: the fruit tree 1. adding up above-mentioned sampling plot after 10 days sends out the nursery stock quantity of sprouting, and Calculate 10d survival rate；2. the fruit tree adding up above-mentioned sampling plot after 30 days survives quantity, and calculates 30d survival rate.

(2) dendrobium growth rate: randomly draw the dendrobium of 100 strain embodiments 1-3 and control group 2 as sample, note Record and analyze data below: after 1. statistics is planted 10 days, flower seedling survives quantity, and calculates 10d survival rate；2. system after planting 30 days Meter flower seedling survives quantity, and calculates 30d survival rate, the results are shown in Table 1.

Fruit tree survival rate computing formula:

Flowers survival rate computing formula:

Table 1 vegetation survival rate situation analysis table

Upper table data analysis is understood that embodiment 1-3 has essentially no difference with 10 days fruit tree survival rates of control group 1,30 days Fruit tree survival rate is apparently higher than control group 1；The 1-3 of embodiment compared with control group 2,10 days of flowers, 30 days survival rates higher. 2nd, fruit quality:

(1) yield: the present invention only calculates the yield of red heart guava, the calculating of red heart guava strain yield: randomly select Embodiment 1-3 and 100 strain fruit trees of control group 1, be conducted batch-wise harvesting after fruit full maturity, weighs fruit weight, calculates Strain yield；Really Production rate: randomly select embodiment 1-3 and 100 red heart sweets of control group 1 calculate gross weight, be averaging single fruit Weight, the results are shown in Table 2.

Strain yield formula:

Single fruit weight amount computing formula:

(2) color and luster, mouthfeel:

Flesh color uses outward appearance outward appearance method to judge: randomly draw the ripe red heart kind of embodiment 1-3 and control group 1 Each 20 of pomegranate, asks 10 people to eat 2 kinds of different fruit respectively, carries out color, the mouthfeel of red heart guava pulp Pass judgment on, and record, the results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 fruit quality situation analysis table

Samples sources	Strain yield (kg/ strain)	Single fruit weight (g)	Flesh color	Mouthfeel
					Embodiment 1	44.23	602.10	Scarlet	Aromatic flavour, crisp
Embodiment 2	41.31	610.22	Scarlet	Aromatic flavour, crisp
					Embodiment 3	45.10	604.23	Scarlet	Aromatic flavour, crisp
Control group 1	35.31	521.32	Pink	Aromatic flavour, soft silk floss

From the analysis result of upper table, the fruit tree seedlings of the engrafting method cultivation of the present invention and management method is used to plant Red heart guava yield is higher, mouthfeel is fragrant, crisp, pulp colour is deeper.

3rd, economic benefit:

Randomly select 4 pieces and be positioned at the orchard of embodiment 1-3, control group the 1st, control group 2, the plot that diverse location is each in nursery Each 100m²400m altogether²Sample ground, utilize fixed price and the output value of the Production rate fruit tree first season and orchid, and compare, knot Fruit is shown in Table 3.

Red heart guava calculates according to the fixed price of 10 yuan/strain according to 3 yuan/kg, dendrobium, and output value computing formula is as follows:

The output value=fixed price × yield

Table 3 economic benefit situation analysis table

As seen from the above table, using the multiple cropping method of the present invention to plant, the orchard land utilization ratio of multiple cropping is higher, economical Benefit is more preferable.

In sum, a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique of the offer of the present invention, can reach fruit tree and carry out with flowers Multiple cropping, particularly red heart guava and dendrobium carry out multiple cropping；Increasing economic efficiency, the present invention utilizes the red heart kind of self grafting Pomegranate is cultivated by fruit tree, strengthens management, and improves the survival rate in the process of transplanting for the red heart guava, applies in planting process Environment-friendly fertilizer, do not spray insecticide, insecticide reach environmental protection plantation purpose.

Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to this Bright patent claim.

Claims

1. a red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described cultural method is as follows:

(1) grafting: crystal guava kind fruit tree is carried out grafting with wild purple fruit hill gooseberry fruit tree, at greenhouse temperature after grafting Carry out cultivating seedlings under the constant temperature of 22-25 DEG C, obtain red heart guava seedling, cultivate and carry out Nursery stock transplanting after terminating；

(3) starch root: modulate yellow mud pulp-water, in the strong sprout selecting step (1) to cultivate, carry out starching root process, by red heart guava seedling It is put in the yellow mud water having configured after immersion 1-2min fully wraps up in slurry and carry out field planting；

(4) field planting: the zanjon that the red heart guava seedling handling step (3) well is put in step (2) carries out field planting, the strain of field planting Away from for 3-4m；

(5) rich water quality management: apply fertilizer according to the ratio of every square metre of fertilizer applying 8-10kg, carries out 1-3 every day and fills Irrigate, irrigate the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces and be as the criterion；

(6) multiple cropping: after the red heart guava seedling major branch of step (5) grows to 70-80cm length, on the level land between adjacent two ditches Dig pit plantation dendrobium according to spacing in the rows 20-30cm, cheat deep 15-20cm, wide 15-20cm, addition substrate material in hole；

(7) fertilization of leaves: after carrying out multiple cropping, sprays to red heart guava seedling that to include mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate Hydrogen potassium, mass concentration are that the leaf of 0.2%-0.3% animals urine composition is fertile, spray to orchid seedling and include mass concentration and be 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% animals urine, mass concentration be that 4%-5% orchid is special The leaf of fertile composition is fertile；

(8) orchid is received and plants: treats that dendrobium is uprooped to carry out receiving by dendrobium Post flowering trowel and plants and be transplanted in flowerpot, receives After cultivation completes, carry out multiple cropping again according to above-mentioned (6)-(7) step；

(9) branch-finishing and pruning: after seedling planting, cuts top at overhead 40-50cm and determines dry, promote sprouting of lateral bud, selects and remain 4-5 point The uniform branch of cloth makees major branch, when major branch grows to 70-80cm, carries out pinching, draws branch process, tree crown is trained nature and opens Heart-shaped；

(10) red heart guava flower and fruit management: sprayed the paclobutrazol of 1-2 1000mg/L-1500mg/L concentration, full-bloom stage before the florescence Spraying the borax soln of 2-3 50mg/L-100mg/L, the young fruit period at Xie Huahou carries out fruit thinning, removes too much overstocked little Really, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, gathers in the crops the methyl α-naphthyl acetate spraying 2-3 70mg/L-100mg/L continuously in first 30 days and carries out fruit retention.

2. a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described engrafting method selects With bud grafting method, utilize the fruit tree of crystal guava kind as stock, with the bud of wild purple fruit hill gooseberry fruit tree as grafting bud, Otch selects " T " word cutting method.

3. a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (2) Yellow mud pulp-water manner of formulation is: be 1-2:2-3 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, yellow mud and water is modulated into suspension, to Huang Muddy water suspension adds the heteroauxin of 2000-3000ppm, stirs.

4. a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (4) Fertilizer composition by weight percent includes: 5%-20% chicken manure, 5%-20% pig manure, 15%-25% silkworm faeces, 10%-20% ox Excrement, 10%-20% horsehit, 10%-20% rice bran, 5%-10% bone meal, 5%-10% rice straw powder.

5. a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (4) Irrigation time is 7:00-9:00 in morning, afternoon 18:00-19:00.

6. a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (5) Substrate material composition is the blue stone 200-300g of a diameter of 0.5-1cm, the peat 100-200g of a diameter of 1mm-5mm, bark stalk Crushed mixture 100-200g.

7. a kind of red heart guava multiple cropping cultivation technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (6) Special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: mass concentration is the chela that the plant protein amino-acid of 20%-25%, mass concentration are 4%-5% Closing zinc ion solution, mass concentration that the beryllium ion solution, mass concentration that calcium, mass concentration are 4 ‰-5 ‰ is 4 ‰-5 ‰ is The ferric ion solutions of 4 ‰-5 ‰, mass concentration be 4 ‰-5 ‰ boron solion, mass concentration be 4 ‰-5 ‰ copper ion molten Liquid, mass concentration are the humic acid of 1%-2%.