CN106171718A - A kind of efficiently Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique - Google Patents
A kind of efficiently Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171718A CN106171718A CN201610520500.7A CN201610520500A CN106171718A CN 106171718 A CN106171718 A CN 106171718A CN 201610520500 A CN201610520500 A CN 201610520500A CN 106171718 A CN106171718 A CN 106171718A
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- zizyphus maurtiana
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of efficiently Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, including whole, slurry root, field planting, rich water quality management, multiple cropping, spray fertilizer, Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. is received and plants, branch-finishing and pruning, Zizyphus maurtiana flower and fruit management, the steps such as truncate sprouting, utilize Herba Dendrobii happiness the moon, Folium Isatidis jujube tree habit on the sunny side carries out the multiple cropping technical research of fruit tree and flowers, by strengthening management in planting process, constantly research creates applicable Zizyphus maurtiana and the benign eco-environment of Herba Dendrobii growth, reach the high yield of Zizyphus maurtiana and Herba Dendrobii, in planting process, need not herbicide weeding simultaneously, agricultural insecticide, make multiple cropping can reach ecological, the planting effect of environmental protection.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field of cultivation, particularly to one efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique.
[background technology]
Zizyphus maurtiana is also known as sweet Fructus Jujubae, and formal name used at school is Rabdosia japonica, and for evergreen dungarunga, the Zizyphus maurtiana kind that existing orchard worker commonly uses is Taiwan
Zizyphus maurtiana, by India's Rabdosia japonica, through Taiwan breeding man many generations, improvement selection-breeding forms this kind.Having Fructus Jujubae fruit big, meat thickness core is thin, outward
The feature that shape is attractive in appearance, nutritious, containing trace element such as abundant phosphorus, calcium, ferrum, potassium, zinc, cold the hottest, there is refrigerant, solution
The effect such as malicious, calm, is especially suitable for child, old man eats.Taiwan green jujube fast growth, plants then and bears fruit then, even if
Having arrived 7-8 month to plant, the most still can bear fruit, every strain can bear fruit about 20 kilograms；Second Year strain is produced i.e. up to more than 50 kilograms,
Three, after 4 years, strain is produced up to more than 200 kilograms, and per mu yield is up to more than 6000 kilograms, and can get bumper crops, almost without size year after year
Year, high yield period was up to more than 20 years.Dendrobium is a genus maximum in orchid, has the highest ornamental value, warp
Ji high efficiency.
At present, Zizyphus maurtiana plantation on the market generally selects tradition planting patterns to plant, it may be assumed that transplant, apply fertilizer, irrigate,
The steps such as weeding, deinsectization, beta pruning, receipts fruit, also have some planting technologies to carry out high-efficiency management, example by enhancement of field management
As, a kind of efficient production management method when Chinese patent CN 103299874 A discloses Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk cultivation, this invention is led to
Crossing the laying white clear reflective membrane when the Zizyphus maurtiana florescence, the illumination utilizing reflective membrane to produce improves flower amount and fruit rate, plays anti-
The effect of drought water conservation, but how the present invention undisclosed Zizyphus maurtiana planting process carry out multiple cropping, improve yield and economic benefit
Problem, but also need pesticide and insecticide likely can cause fruit secondary pollution.In prior art the most favorably
Carrying out multiple cropping with fruit tree and flowers, because the planting environment difference of flowers and fruit tree is relatively big, and the many employings of flowers are potted plant and nothing
Soil cultivation, planting process is tediously long, complex management to utilize field to carry out.Therefore, need to solve in efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping is cultivated
Problems with: (1) overcomes fruit tree and flowers to be not easy multiple cropping thus improves the problem of land utilization ratio；(2) Zizyphus maurtiana kind is improved
It is implanted in the problem that transplanting process survival rate is low；(3) need to spray insecticide in Zizyphus maurtiana planting process, the problem of insecticide.
[summary of the invention]
In view of foregoing, it is necessary to provide a kind of efficiently Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, fruit tree can be reached and enter with flowers
Row multiple cropping, particularly Zizyphus maurtiana and Herba Dendrobii carry out multiple cropping；Improve the Zizyphus maurtiana survival rate in the process of transplanting, in planting process
Apply environment-friendly fertilizer, do not spray insecticide, insecticide reach environmental protection plantation purpose.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of efficiently Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, described cultural method is as follows:
(1) wholely: choosing close to water source, level land that phototropism is good carry out wholely, remove shrub, arbor, liana, miscellaneous
Grass, ditches on level land, and ditching depth is 20-25cm, a width of 15-20cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 1-1.5m；
(2) slurry root: modulate yellow mud pulp-water, selects 1 year high-quality strong sprout, height of seedling 60-70cm, has the big of 2-4 full bud
Blue or green Fructus Jujubae Seedling, is put into Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling in the yellow mud water configured after immersion 1-2min fully wraps up in slurry and carries out field planting；
(3) field planting: carry out field planting by starching the good Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling of root in the zanjon that step (1) is put in order, the spacing in the rows of field planting
For 1-1.5m；
(4) rich water quality management: applying fertilizer according to the ratio of every square metre of fertilizer applying 6-7kg, every day is carried out 1-3 time
Irrigate, irrigate the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces and be as the criterion；
(5) multiple cropping: flat between adjacent two ditches after the branch that the Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling of step (4) starts to grow long 1-1.5m
Dig pit plantation Herba Dendrobii according to spacing in the rows 20-30cm on the ground, cheat deep 15-20cm, wide 15-20cm, need to plus Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. growth in hole
The substrate material wanted；
(6) fertilization of leaves: after carrying out multiple cropping, sprays to Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling that to include mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, mass concentration are the liquid manure of 0.2%-0.3% animals urine composition, spray to Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. Seedling and include mass concentration and be
0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% animals urine, mass concentration be that 4%-5% Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. is special
The liquid manure of fertile composition；
(7) Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. is received and plants: treats that Herba Dendrobii is uprooped to carry out receiving by Herba Dendrobii Post flowering trowel and plants and be transplanted to flowerpot
In, after receipts cultivation completes, carry out multiple cropping again according to above-mentioned (5)-(6) step；
(8) branch-finishing and pruning: prune Zizyphus maurtiana fruit tree before the florescence, wipes out the branch top tip of the overstocked branch in top
Portion, wipes out the lowest, the closeest branch top elder generation end portion after yielding positive results；
(9) Zizyphus maurtiana flower and fruit management: sprayed the paclobutrazol of 1-2 1000mg/L-1500mg/L concentration before the florescence, full-bloom stage sprays
Spilling the borax soln of 2-3 50mg/L-100mg/L, the young fruit period at Xie Huahou carries out fruit thinning, remove the most overstocked fruitlet,
Malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, gather in the crops the naphthalene acetic acid spraying 2-3 70mg/L-100mg/L continuously in first 30 days and carry out fruit retention；
(10) truncate sprouting: after plucking really before Second Year rudiment, heavily subtracts, by jujube tree from overhead 30cm-tree body
Cut off at 40cm and stay 3-4 bar stalwartness, growth position side shoot good, guiding surrounding to grow to 1.4m-1.8m as trunk, side shoot
Wipe out little sprout before length, after growing to 1.4m-1.8m length, deduct the branch of excessive growth or immature branch, allow the oblique growth of side shoot, repeat (4) rich water
Management, (6) fertilization of leaves, (8) branch-finishing and pruning, (9) flower and fruit management step.
Further, described yellow mud pulp-water manner of formulation is: be 1-2:2-3 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, by yellow mud
It is modulated into float with water, in yellow mud aqueous suspension, adds the heteroauxing of 2000-3000ppm, stir.
Further, described fertilizer composition by weight percent includes: 5%-20% chicken manure, 5%-20% pig manure, 15%-
25% silkworm faeces, 10%-20% cattle manure, 10%-20% horsehit, 10%-20% Testa oryzae, 5%-10% bone meal, 5%-10% rice straw
Powder.
Further, described irrigation time is 7:00-9:00 in morning, afternoon 18:00-19:00.
Further, described substrate material composition is the blue stone 200-300g of a diameter of 0.5-1cm, a diameter of 1mm-5mm's
Peat 100-200g, bark crushed stalk mixture 100-200g.
Further, described special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: mass concentration be 20%-25% plant protein amino-acid,
Mass concentration be chelating calcium, the mass concentration of 4%-5% be 4 ‰-5 ‰ beryllium ion solution, mass concentration be 4 ‰-5 ‰ zinc
Boron solion that ferric ion solutions that solion, mass concentration are 4 ‰-5 ‰, mass concentration are 4 ‰-5 ‰, mass concentration
Be 4 ‰-5 ‰ copper ion solution, mass concentration be the humic acids of 1%-2%.
There is advantages that
1, the present invention is by utilizing the multiple cropping skill that Herba Dendrobii happiness is cloudy, Folium Isatidis jujube tree habit on the sunny side carries out fruit tree and flowers
Art research, by strengthening management in planting process, constantly research create applicable Zizyphus maurtiana and Herba Dendrobii growth optimum life
State environment, reaches the high yield of Zizyphus maurtiana and Herba Dendrobii.The technical program is starched with yellow mud water when carrying out the transplanting of Zizyphus maurtiana
Root processes, yellow mud relatively with other earth more toughness after moistening, adhesive force is higher, when using yellow mud water to carry out starching root,
Can effectively play the effect of water conservation, moisturizing, new talent should not water too many water after transplanting, and prevents hypervolia from evaporating mistake rapidly
Water, therefore, slurry root largely maintains the root system of plant primary demand to moisture, and the technical program starts at Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling
Carry out the interplanting of Herba Dendrobii after growing the branch of long 1-1.5m again, take into full account the spy that Herba Dendrobii happiness is cloudy, the happiness of Folium Isatidis jujube tree is positive
Property, during the multiple cropping of Herba Dendrobii, owing to the root system of Herba Dendrobii is upright distribution, select dell to plant, due to Herba Dendrobii
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. root system is less demanding to water, and hypervolia can cause root system to rot, and interpolation base material can improve water penetration and water without segmentation
Water management, the breathability improving root system ensure that the growth of Herba Dendrobii, utilizes Zizyphus maurtiana and Herba Dendrobii interplanting to solve soil profit
By the problem of rate, Herba Dendrobii plantation simultaneously is closeer, it is suppressed that the growth of weeds, monoblock orchard is made without weeding, need not spray
Spilling herbicide, the abnormal smells from the patient of Herba Dendrobii can also disperse insecticide, it is not necessary to carries out deinsectization measure, need not spray insecticide, and can also subtract simultaneously
In few Herba Dendrobii planting process, the usage amount of substrate material, need not carry out special sun-shading to Herba Dendrobii, the prosperity of Zizyphus maurtiana
Root system can also improve hydrophobicity and the breathability of Herba Dendrobii planting environment, higher than use usual manner plantation Herba Dendrobii benefit,
Growing power is more vigorous, gathers with trowel when the Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. of the technical program is gathered, need not be the most extra plough again
Deng measure, can effectively improve field efficiency, it can be seen that, utilize the technical program to carry out multiple cropping and can reach ecological, environmental protection
Planting effect.
2, the technical program is added heteroauxing in yellow mud water and can be effectively facilitated taking root of Zizyphus maurtiana fruit tree, promotes plant
Bud, Seedling growth, can guarantee that the survival rate of Zizyphus maurtiana fruit tree, certainly, the technical program is only with heteroauxing spray solution not
Can guarantee that it can fully, uniformly by root system of plant absorb, it is therefore desirable to be blended in yellow mud water and carry out starching root process.
3, the technical program selects the bio-organic fertilizer of environmental protection to carry out fertilizer treatment, owing to the growth needs of Herba Dendrobii is good
Good ventilation rate, the base manure of technical scheme can not use inorganic fertilizer, and selects bio-organic fertilizer to apply fertilizer, and solves
Chemically composited fertilizer can cause the problem of the hardening soil, and chicken manure, pig manure, horsehit are drier, is difficult to by soil absorption, therefore during interpolation
Can be properly added pig manure, cattle manure particularly Babalus bubalis L. excrement to be adjusted, silkworm faeces ammonia content is high, harmful due to silkworm heavy metal etc.
Material is especially sensitive, and use silkworm faeces is safer compared with other feces, cleaning does not results in secondary pollution, the most only applies silkworm faeces former
Material difficulty obtains, simultaneously the most costly, cost high, Zizyphus maurtiana fruit tree is insensitive to other trace element, it is not necessary to add too much, for
Increasing phosphorus and the content of animal proteinum in fertilizer, can add bone meal and substitute phosphide, bone meal too much will not be made because using
Become the hardening soil, fertilizer only adds effective ingredient, does not ensures that ventilation rate, in addition it is also necessary to proportioning adds a certain amount of rice straw
Powder, therefore, in order to Zizyphus maurtiana and Herba Dendrobii can play good economic benefit, in fertilizer in same ecosystem symbiosis
The proportioning of arbitrary fertilizer is all requisite.
4, when sunlight at noon is strong especially, owing to temperature is high, making the pore of leaf surface close, now green plants is the most not
Can carry out transpiration, if now irrigated, plant scatters and disappears 95%-99% in plant because not carrying out transpiration
Moisture, then water more plant can be made to rot because too much moisture can not absorb, therefore, the technical program select morning or
Carry out before or after sunshine irrigating operation at sunshine in the afternoon.
5, the plantation of Herba Dendrobii preferably uses good permeability, and the substrate that drainability is good is planted as base material, through sending out
A person of good sense constantly studies discovery, and Lan Shi is closest to the effective of Herba Dendrobii soil for growth environment as base material in planting process
Composition, meanwhile, Lan Shi is the stone of 0.5-1cm by many diameter, can increase the breathability of plantation, and Peat utilization carbon divides
Son has adsorbing principle to strengthen dredging of water, it is ensured that the planting environment relatively dry of Herba Dendrobii, the powder of bark straw has
Water absorption, except can increase water dredge ability in addition to, the growth returning Herba Dendrobii provides necessary vegetable protein, it is not necessary to
Additionally add base manure.
6, Herba Dendrobii is flower plant, and therefore the requirement to leaf is fertile is the highest, and Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. is mainly led in growth cycle
Crossing applying leaf fertilizer and ensure growth, the technical program selects plant protein amino-acid, provides necessary nitrogen element for plant, with
Time also include the micro constitutents such as calcium ion, beryllium ion, zinc ion, iron ion, boron ion, copper ion solution, it is ensured that plant is raw
Long fine quality, plays the effect of regulation soil balanced nutrients, and adding humic acids is the acidity fertile in order to improve leaf, strengthens stone
The blue absorbability fertile to leaf of dry measure used in former times.
[detailed description of the invention]
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during step, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, all can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise,
By other equivalences or there is the alternative features of similar purpose replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is a series of
An example in equivalence or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1:
Choosing close to water source, level land that phototropism is good carry out wholely, remove shrub, arbor, liana, weeds, on level land
Upper trench digging, ditching depth is 20cm, a width of 15cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 1m；Modulate yellow mud pulp-water, select 1 year high-quality strong sprout,
Height of seedling 60cm, has the Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling of 2 full buds, is 1:2 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, is modulated into outstanding by yellow mud and water
Float, add in yellow mud aqueous suspension the heteroauxing of 2000ppm, stir be disposed for starch root yellow mud water, will
Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling is put in the yellow mud water configured after immersion 1min fully wraps up in slurry and carries out field planting, and the spacing in the rows of field planting is 1m, according to often
Square metre apply the ratio of fertilizer of 6kg carry out applying fertilizer (fertilizer composition is: 10% chicken manure, 20% pig manure, 15% silkworm faeces,
15% cattle manure, 15% horsehit, 15% Testa oryzae, 5% bone meal, 5% rice straw powder), every morning 7:00-9:00, afternoon 18:00-
19:00 random time section carries out 1-3 time and irrigates, and irrigates the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces and is as the criterion, treats Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling
Starting to grow after the branch of long 1m on the level land between adjacent two ditches, dig pit plantation Herba Dendrobii according to spacing in the rows 20-30cm, hole is deep
15cm, wide 15cm, the peat 100g, bark crushed stalk mixture 100g of blue stone 200g, a diameter of 1mm-5mm in hole do
For substrate material, then planting Herba Dendrobii in dell, after carrying out multiple cropping, spraying by mass fraction to Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling is 0.2% phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium and mass fraction are the liquid manure of 0.2% animals urine composition, and spraying by mass fraction to Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. Seedling is 0.2% phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen, 0.2% animals urine, the liquid manure of 4% special fertilizer for orchid composition, (special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: mass concentration is
Beryllium ion solution, the mass concentration that chelating calcium that the plant protein amino-acid of 20%, mass concentration are 4%, mass concentration are 4 ‰
Be 4 ‰ zinc ion solution, mass concentration be 4 ‰ ferric ion solutions, mass concentration be 4 ‰ boron solion, quality dense
Degree be 4 ‰ copper ion solution, mass concentration be the humic acids of 1%.) treat that Herba Dendrobii is uprooted by Herba Dendrobii Post flowering trowel
Rise carry out receive plant and be transplanted in flowerpot, carry out receive plant, receive plant after repeat Herba Dendrobii plantation step plant；In multiple cropping
Zizyphus maurtiana fruit tree was pruned before the florescence by process Zizyphus maurtiana to be observed fruit tree growth situation, wiped out the branch of the overstocked branch in top
Tip elder generation end, wipes out the lowest, the closeest branch top elder generation end portion after yielding positive results；1-2 1000mg/L was sprayed dense before florescence
The paclobutrazol of degree, full-bloom stage sprays the borax soln of 2-3 50mg/L, and the young fruit period at Xie Huahou carries out fruit thinning, removes too much
Overstocked fruitlet, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, the naphthalene acetic acid gathering in the crops first 30 days 2-3 70mg/L of spray continuously carries out fruit retention, plucks really
Before rear Second Year rudiment, tree body is heavily subtracted, jujube tree is cut off at overhead 30cm and leaves 3-4 bar stalwartness, growth position
Well, guide surrounding side shoot as trunk, side shoot wipes out little sprout before growing to 1.4m length, deduct the branch of excessive growth after growing to 1.4m length
Or immature branch, allow the oblique growth of side shoot, repeat the steps such as rich water quality management, branch-finishing and pruning, flower and fruit management.
Embodiment 2:
Choosing close to water source, level land that phototropism is good carry out wholely, remove shrub, arbor, liana, weeds, on level land
Upper trench digging, ditching depth is 25cm, a width of 20cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 1.5m；Modulate yellow mud pulp-water, select 1 year high-quality to strengthen
Seedling, height of seedling 70cm, there is the Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling of 2-4 full bud, be 1:1 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, yellow mud and water are adjusted
Make float, add in yellow mud aqueous suspension the heteroauxing of 3000ppm, stir be disposed for starch root yellow mud
Water, is put into Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling in the yellow mud water configured after immersion 2min fully wraps up in slurry and carries out field planting, and the spacing in the rows of field planting is 1.5m,
According to every square metre of ratio of fertilizer applying 7kg carry out applying fertilizer (fertilizer composition is: 20% chicken manure, 10% pig manure, 25%
Silkworm faeces, 10% cattle manure, 10% horsehit, 10% Testa oryzae, 10% bone meal, 5%% rice straw powder), every morning 7:00-9:00, under
Noon 18:00-19:00 random time section carries out 1-3 time and irrigates, and irrigates the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces and is as the criterion, treats
Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling starts to grow after the branch of long 1.5m on the level land between adjacent two ditches, digs pit plantation according to spacing in the rows 20-30cm
Herba Dendrobii, cheats deep 15-20cm, wide 15-20cm, the peat 100-of blue stone 200-300g, a diameter of 1mm-5mm in hole
200g, bark crushed stalk mixture 100-200g, as substrate material, then plant Herba Dendrobii in dell, after carrying out multiple cropping,
Spray containing 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the liquid manure of 0.2%-0.3% animals urine composition, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate to Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling
Hydrogen potassium and animals urine ratio be, 2:5, sprays to Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. Seedling and moves containing 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2%-0.3%
The liquid manure of thing urine, 4%-5% special fertilizer for orchid composition, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, animals urine and special fertilizer for orchid ratio be, 2-4:
(Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. special ingredient and mass percent consist of 1-2:4-5: 20% plant protein amino-acid, 4% chelating calcium, 4 ‰ beryllium ions
Solution, 4 ‰ zinc ion solution, 4 ‰ ferric ion solutions, 4 ‰ boron solions, 4 ‰ copper ion solutions, the humic acids of 1%) treat stone
Herba Dendrobii is uprooped to carry out receiving and is planted and be transplanted in flowerpot by dry measure used in former times orchid Post flowering trowel, carries out receiving and plants, receives and repeat after planting
Herba Dendrobii plantation step is planted；Process Zizyphus maurtiana to be observed fruit tree growth situation in multiple cropping before the florescence to Zizyphus maurtiana fruit
Tree is pruned, and wipes out the branch top elder generation end of the overstocked branch in top, after yielding positive results enters the lowest, the closeest branch top elder generation end portion
Row is wiped out；Spraying the paclobutrazol of 1-2 1500mg/L concentration before florescence, full-bloom stage sprays the borax soln of 2-3 100mg/L,
The young fruit period of Xie Huahou carries out fruit thinning, removes the most overstocked fruitlet, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, gathers in the crops first 30 days and spray 2-continuously
The naphthalene acetic acid of 3 100mg/L carries out fruit retention, after plucking really before Second Year rudiment, heavily subtracts, tree body by jujube tree from overhead
Cut off at 40cm and leave that 3-4 bar is healthy and strong, growth position good, guide the side shoot of surrounding as trunk, before side shoot grows to 1.8m length
Wipe out little sprout, after growing to 1.8m length, deduct the branch of excessive growth or immature branch, allow the oblique growth of side shoot, repeat rich water quality management, whole
The steps such as branch pruning, flower and fruit management.
Embodiment 3:
Choosing close to water source, level land that phototropism is good carry out wholely, remove shrub, arbor, liana, weeds, on level land
Upper trench digging, ditching depth is 26cm, a width of 18cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 1.2m；Modulate yellow mud pulp-water, select 1 year high-quality to strengthen
Seedling, height of seedling 60-70cm, there is the Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling of 2-4 full bud, be 2:3 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, by yellow mud and water
Be modulated into float, add in yellow mud aqueous suspension the heteroauxing of 2500ppm, stir be disposed for starch root Huang
Muddy water, is put into Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling in the yellow mud water configured after immersion 1.5min fully wraps up in slurry and carries out field planting, and the spacing in the rows of field planting is
1.2m, according to every square metre of ratio of fertilizer applying 7kg carry out applying fertilizer (5% chicken manure, 5% pig manure, 17% silkworm faeces, 20%
Cattle manure, 20% horsehit, 20% Testa oryzae, 6% bone meal, 7% rice straw powder), every morning 7:00-9:00, afternoon 18:00-19:00
Random time section carries out 1-3 time and irrigates, and irrigates the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces and is as the criterion, treats that Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling starts long
Go out after the branch of long 1.3m on the level land between adjacent two ditches, dig pit plantation Herba Dendrobii according to spacing in the rows 25cm, cheat deep 17cm, wide
17cm, the peat 150g of blue stone 250g, a diameter of 1mm-5mm in hole, bark crushed stalk mixture 150g is as substrate
Material, then plants Herba Dendrobii in dell, and after carrying out multiple cropping, spraying by mass fraction to Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling is 0.25% biphosphate
Potassium, mass fraction are the liquid manure of 0.25% animals urine composition, and spraying by mass fraction to Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. Seedling is 0.25% biphosphate
Potassium, mass fraction be 0.25% animals urine, mass fraction be the liquid manure of 4.5% special fertilizer for orchid composition, (Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. special ingredient
And mass percent consists of: 20% plant protein amino-acid, 4% chelating calcium, 4 ‰ beryllium ion solution, 4 ‰ zinc ion solution,
4 ‰ ferric ion solutions, 4 ‰ boron solions, 4 ‰ copper ion solutions, the humic acids of 1%) treat that Herba Dendrobii Post flowering trowel will
Herba Dendrobii is uprooped to carry out receiving and is planted and be transplanted in flowerpot, carries out receiving and plants, and receipts repeat Herba Dendrobii plantation step and carry out after planting
Plantation；Zizyphus maurtiana fruit tree was pruned before the florescence by process Zizyphus maurtiana the to be observed fruit tree growth situation in multiple cropping, wiped out
The branch top elder generation end of the overstocked branch in portion, wipes out the lowest, the closeest branch top elder generation end portion after yielding positive results；1-was sprayed before florescence
The paclobutrazol of 2 1300mg/L concentration, full-bloom stage sprays the borax soln of 2-3 80mg/L, and the young fruit period at Xie Huahou is carried out
Fruit thinning, removes the most overstocked fruitlet, malformed fruit, sick fruit, wormed fruit, gathers in the crops the naphthalene acetic acid spraying 2-3 80mg/L for first 30 days continuously
Carry out fruit retention, after plucking really before Second Year rudiment, tree body is heavily subtracted, jujube tree is cut off at overhead 35cm and leaves 3-4 bar
Stalwartness, growth position are good, guide the side shoot of surrounding as trunk, and side shoot wipes out little sprout before growing to 1.7m length, grow to 1.7m
Deduct the branch of excessive growth or immature branch after length, allow the oblique growth of side shoot, repeat the steps such as rich water quality management, branch-finishing and pruning, flower and fruit management
Suddenly.
Matched group 1:
Select identical with embodiment high-quality strong sprout term, height of seedling 60-70cm, there is the Zizyphus maurtiana of 2-4 full bud
With kind Seedling, with spacing in the rows as 1m × standard of 1m, conventionally plant, i.e. according to transplanting, apply fertilizer, irrigate, weeding,
Deinsectization, beta pruning, receipts fruit step plantation.
Matched group 2:
Select the Herba Dendrobii kind identical with embodiment to carry out a point root plantation, carry out field cultivation: growth selection is closeer
Value strain. opened after spending. it is taken out from basin, removes and old cut from the base portion of stem of growing thickly the most very much, minimum when cutting hinder root system, only
Covering and cutting off interconnective very shape is position, and root hands position is opened, it is not necessary to cut with cutter.It is one group with main strain, older root is entered one
Step is wiped out, and in field according to cheating deep 15-20cm, wide 15-20cm, spacing in the rows is 20cm × 20cm, digs pit, inserts in hole
New substrate is also compacted, and the plantation carrying out Herba Dendrobii also passes through irrigation, applies the process of leaf fertilizer.
Interpretation:
1, growing state:
(1) Zizyphus maurtiana growth rate: the 50m of the random 4 pieces of diverse locations delimiting embodiment 1-3 and matched group 12Orchard is altogether
100m2Record and analyze data below: 1. statistics after 10 days fruit tree survive quantity, and be calculated as motility rate；2. statistics is after 30 days
Fruit tree survive quantity, and be calculated as motility rate.
(2) Herba Dendrobii growth rate: randomly draw the Herba Dendrobii of 100 strain embodiments 1-3 and matched group 2 as sample, note
Record and analyze data below: after 1. statistics is planted 10 days, flower seedling survives quantity, and calculates 10d survival rate；2. plantation was united after 30 days
Meter flower seedling survives quantity, and calculates 30d survival rate；3. plantation extracts 100 out after 30 days from embodiment and matched group 2 the most at random
Strain Herba Dendrobii contrasts, and measures height of seedling, and averages, and analysis result is shown in Table 1.
Fruit tree survival rate computing formula:
Herba Dendrobii survival rate computing formula:
Table 1 vegetation growth information slip
From upper table data, the multiple cropping method of the present invention and general planting method planting the 10th day when to Seedling
The most particularly impact of wood, flowers, planting the 30th day when, survival rate is apparently higher than general planting, the height of seedling of Herba Dendrobii
Also apparently higher than general planting, it can be seen that use the multiple cropping method of the present invention than conventional implantation methods plantation fruit, the life of flower
Long situation is better.
2, yield:
The present invention only calculates the yield of Zizyphus maurtiana, the calculating of Zizyphus maurtiana strain yield: randomly select embodiment 1-3 and matched group
The 100 strain fruit trees of 1, are conducted batch-wise harvesting after fruit full maturity, weigh fruit weight, calculate strain yield；Really Production rate:
100 Zizyphus maurtiana randomly selecting embodiment 1-3 and matched group 1 calculate gross weight, are averaging single fruit weight, the results are shown in Table 2,.
Strain yield formula:
Single fruit weight amount computing formula:
Table 2 Zizyphus maurtiana yield result analytical table
| Samples sources | Strain yield (kg/ strain) | Single fruit weight (g) |
| Embodiment | 31.22 | 302.11 |
| Embodiment | 32.51 | 313.21 |
| Embodiment | 33.54 | 312.01 |
| Matched group 1 | 18.32 | 308.24 |
From the analysis result of upper table, use the Zizyphus maurtiana strain yield that multiple cropping method of the present invention is planted apparently higher than routine kind
Planting method, two kinds of methods of single fruit weight are basically identical, it was demonstrated that single fruit weight is the most relevant to product variety.
3, economic benefit:
Randomly selecting 4 pieces, to be positioned at the plot that in embodiment, matched group 1, the orchard of matched group 2, nursery, diverse location is each each
100m2400m altogether2Utilize fixed price and the Production rate fruit tree first season and the output value of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw., and compare, the results are shown in Table 3.
Zizyphus maurtiana calculates according to the fixed price of 10 yuan/strain according to 4 yuan/kg, Herba Dendrobii, and output value computing formula is as follows:
The output value=fixed price × yield
Table 3 economic benefit situation analysis table
As seen from the above table, multiple cropping increases the utilization rate in soil, and after utilizing multiple cropping plantation, the output value is substantially wanted than general planting
High.
In sum, a kind of efficiently Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique of the offer of the present invention, fruit tree can be reached and carry out with flowers
Multiple cropping, particularly Zizyphus maurtiana and Herba Dendrobii carry out multiple cropping and significantly improve economic benefit, moreover it is possible to improve Zizyphus maurtiana in the process of transplanting
Survival rate, planting process applies environment-friendly fertilizer, does not sprays insecticide, insecticide reaches the purpose of ecologic planting.
Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim.
Claims (6)
1. an efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described cultural method is as follows:
(1) wholely: choosing close to water source, level land that phototropism is good carry out wholely, remove shrub, arbor, liana, weeds,
Ditching on level land, ditching depth is 20-25cm, a width of 15-20cm of ditch, and two ditch spacing are 1-1.5m；
(2) slurry root: modulate yellow mud pulp-water, selects 1 year high-quality strong sprout, height of seedling 60-70cm, has the Zizyphus maurtiana of 2-4 full bud
Seedling, is put into Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling in the yellow mud water configured after immersion 1-2min fully wraps up in slurry and carries out field planting；
(3) field planting: carrying out field planting by starching the good Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling of root in the zanjon that step (1) is put in order, the spacing in the rows of field planting is 1-
1.5m；
(4) rich water quality management: apply fertilizer according to the ratio of every square metre of fertilizer applying 6-7kg, carries out 1-3 every day and fills
Irrigate, irrigate the moistening moisture spilling that is gently pressed with of earth surfaces and be as the criterion；
(5) multiple cropping: after the branch that the Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling of step (4) starts to grow long 1-1.5m on level land between adjacent two ditches
Dig pit plantation Herba Dendrobii according to spacing in the rows 20-30cm, cheat deep 15-20cm, wide 15-20cm, plant again after addition substrate material in hole
Herba Dendrobii；
(6) fertilization of leaves: after carrying out multiple cropping, spray to Zizyphus maurtiana Seedling include mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
Mass concentration is that the leaf of 0.2%-0.3% animals urine composition is fertile, sprays to Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. Seedling that to include mass concentration be 0.2%-
0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mass concentration be 0.2%-0.3% animals urine, mass concentration be 4%-5% special fertilizer for orchid composition
Leaf fertile；
(7) Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. is received and plants: treats that Herba Dendrobii is uprooped to carry out receiving by Herba Dendrobii Post flowering trowel and plants and be transplanted in flowerpot, receives
After cultivation completes, carry out multiple cropping again according to above-mentioned (5)-(6) step；
(8) branch-finishing and pruning: prune Zizyphus maurtiana fruit tree before the florescence, wipes out the branch top elder generation end of the overstocked branch in top, opens
After bow structure fruit, the lowest, the closeest branch top elder generation end portion is wiped out；
(9) Zizyphus maurtiana flower and fruit management: sprayed the paclobutrazol of 1-2 1000mg/L-1500mg/L concentration before the florescence, full-bloom stage sprays 2-
The borax soln of 3 50mg/L-100mg/L, the young fruit period at Xie Huahou carries out fruit thinning, removes the most overstocked fruitlet, deformity
Really, sick fruit, wormed fruit, the naphthalene acetic acid gathering in the crops first 30 days 2-3 70mg/L-100mg/L of spray continuously carries out fruit retention；
(10) truncate sprouting: after plucking really before Second Year rudiment, heavily subtracts, by jujube tree at overhead 30cm-40cm tree body
Cut off and leave that 3-4 bar is healthy and strong, growth position good, guide the side shoot of surrounding as trunk, before side shoot grows to 1.4m-1.8m length
Wipe out little sprout, after growing to 1.4m-1.8m length, deduct the branch of excessive growth or immature branch, allow the oblique growth of side shoot, repeat (4) rich water pipe
Reason, (6) fertilization of leaves, (8) branch-finishing and pruning, (9) flower and fruit management step.
One the most according to claim 1 efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described step (2)
Yellow mud pulp-water manner of formulation is: be 1-2:2-3 according to yellow mud and water weight ratio example, yellow mud and water is modulated into float, to Huang
Muddy water float adds the heteroauxing of 2000-3000ppm, stirs.
One the most according to claim 1 efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described step (4)
Fertilizer composition by weight percent includes: 5%-20% chicken manure, 5%-20% pig manure, 15%-25% silkworm faeces, 10%-20% cattle
Excrement, 10%-20% horsehit, 10%-20% Testa oryzae, 5%-10% bone meal, 5%-10% rice straw powder.
One the most according to claim 1 efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described step (4)
Irrigation time is 7:00-9:00 in morning, afternoon 18:00-19:00.
One the most according to claim 1 efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described step (5)
Substrate material composition is the peat 100-200g of the blue stone 200-300g, a diameter of 1mm-5mm of a diameter of 0.5-1cm, bark straw
Crushed mixture 100-200g.
One the most according to claim 1 efficient Zizyphus maurtiana multiple cropping cultivation technique, it is characterised in that described step (6)
Special fertilizer for orchid composition includes: mass concentration be the plant protein amino-acid of 20%-25%, mass concentration be the chela of 4%-5%
Close beryllium ion solution that calcium, mass concentration are 4 ‰-5 ‰, zinc ion solution that mass concentration is 4 ‰-5 ‰, mass concentration are
The ferric ion solutions of 4 ‰-5 ‰, mass concentration be 4 ‰-5 ‰ boron solion, mass concentration be 4 ‰-5 ‰ copper ion molten
Liquid, mass concentration are the humic acids of 1%-2%.
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Application publication date: 20161207 |