CN104255381A - High-output cultivation method of fructus aurantii - Google Patents
High-output cultivation method of fructus aurantii Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255381A CN104255381A CN201410542176.XA CN201410542176A CN104255381A CN 104255381 A CN104255381 A CN 104255381A CN 201410542176 A CN201410542176 A CN 201410542176A CN 104255381 A CN104255381 A CN 104255381A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-output cultivation method of fructus aurantii. The method comprises the following steps: (1) propagating and seedling, namely, seedling by the seed propagation technology or the grafting propagation technology; (2) planting to a field and transplanting, namely, finishing and leveling a farmland before transplanting, digging holes at fixed points based on the line spacing of 3 to 4m and row spacing of 2 to 3m, wherein each hole is 50 to 60cm in depth and 70cm in both length and width; (3) weeding, namely, intertilling to weed three to four times each day in order to loosen the soil; (4) fertilizing, namely, topdressing sapling once after intertilling and weeding, fertilizing fruiting trees three times each day, wherein the fertilizer applied combines nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer and potash fertilizer, or combines farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer; (5) preventing and treating disease, namely, spraying 200 times bordeaux mixture once every 10 to 15 days before and after spring buds grow, amounting to 5 to 6 times; (6) harvesting and processing, namely, picking when the fruit is not matured in July, transversely cutting the picked fruit from the middle into two halves, then drying in the air or drying through coal fire without sulphur. With the adoption of the method, the output of fructus aurantii and the medicinal composition contents are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medicinal plant planting technology field, particularly relate to the high-yield cultivating method of a kind of river Fructus Aurantii.
Background technology
River Fructus Aurantii this product is the dry immature fruit of rutaceae bitter orange and cultivar thereof, and fruit is hemispherical, diameter 3-5.5cm.The green and brown look of crust or sepia, slightly coarse, loose have numerous little oil drop, and there are obvious style base trace or circular carpopodium trace in central authorities.Gas is fragrant, bitter, micro-acid.With exocarp look green and brown, pulp is thick, matter is hard, the dense person of fragrance is good.Bitter orange requires warm and moist climatic environment, and sunny, rainfall is abundant.Bitter orange is generally at year-round average temperature more than 15 DEG C well-growns, and optimum growth temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, annual precipitation is at 1000 ~ 2000mm, and relative moisture, at the torrid zone of 75-82%, subtropical area, is all suitable for the growth of bitter orange.River Fructus Aurantii is usually used in treating relieving stagnant Qi as traditional Chinese medicine, and row phlegm, disappears long-pending, controls chest diaphragm phlegm stagnant, the feeling of stuffiness in chest, coerces swollen, dyspepsia, gas, vomit inverse, heavy after diarrhea, prolapse of the anus, the prolapse of uterus.River Fructus Aurantii medical value is high, therefore more will improve the component content of output and river Fructus Aurantii drug effect when cultivating.
Current river Fructus Aurantii cultivating and growing is more random; do not take into full account the condition of river Fructus Aurantii plantation, nursery and propagation technique still comparatively backwardness, can not reach the effect of good flower and fruit protecting; can not realize the doulbe-sides' victory of output and content of drug effect components, planting process lacks regular operational administrative.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the high-yield cultivating method of a kind of river Fructus Aurantii, improve the output of river Fructus Aurantii and the component content of drug effect.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A high-yield cultivating method for river Fructus Aurantii, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding and seedling: adopt seminal propagation technology or propagation by grafiting technology to carry out nursery;
(2) field planting is transplanted: after selecting spring in next year, season in autumn two calm or rain, fine day carries out field planting, by whole for field thin leveling before transplanting, by line-spacing 3 ~ 4m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m fixed point opens cave, the dark 50 ~ 60cm in cave, each 70cm of length and width, apply in every cave compost or barnyard manure 1 ~ 2 load make base manure, guarantee root is straight and upright, by Miao Qingti after banketing, and compacting, earthing, water, column is inserted, lodging-prevention in every strain side;
(3) weeding: adopt intertill and clean tillage, annual 3 ~ 4 times, interior shallow deeply outer during intertill and clean tillage, the degree of depth 15 ~ 20 centimetres, makes loosing soil;
(4) apply fertilizer: treelet is respectively topdressed 1 time after intertill and clean tillage, described in topdress based on nitrogenous fertilizer, bearing-age tree executes three fertilizer for 1 year, applies fertilizer to combine with nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and farmyard manure combines with chemical fertilizer;
(5) disease control: before and after spring bud is grown, with 200 times of bordeaux mixture, sprays once, sprays 5 ~ 6 times altogether for every 10 ~ 15 days;
(6) pick and process: pluck when fruit prematurity in July, by the fruit plucked from middle part crosscut into two, to dry or coal fire is dried without sulphur.
Described step (2) comprising: described compost is various straw, fallen leaves, human and animal excreta are raw material, with the organic manure of a small amount of earth mixed-stacking; Described barnyard manure is to pile up with the auxiliary material such as leaf, straw and through the organic manure of fermentable for main with the fecaluria of livestock and poultry.
Described step (4) comprising: bearing-age tree first time fertilising is 3 ~ April, based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, about 0.3 kilogram, urea is executed in every strain, second time fertilising is in early June, based on composite fertilizer, every strain about 250 grams, third time, fertilising was before the Beginning of Winter, based on dung polluted water, barnyard manure, compost, every strain coordinates to execute clings to 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram the boron phosphorus moon.
Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present invention at least has the following advantages:
In the embodiment of the present invention, the growing way of controllable river Fructus Aurantii and Bomass allocation, make river Fructus Aurantii nourish and grow and reproductive growth reaches balance, increase reproductive organs (fruit) biomass of river Fructus Aurantii tree body.Solve river Fructus Aurantii output on the low side, shedding serious problems, add river Fructus Aurantii yield per unit area, improve economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are descriptive, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
A high-yield cultivating method for river Fructus Aurantii, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding and seedling: adopt seminal propagation technology or propagation by grafiting technology to carry out nursery;
(2) field planting is transplanted: after selecting spring in next year, season in autumn two calm or rain, fine day carries out field planting, by whole for field thin leveling before transplanting, by line-spacing 3 ~ 4m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m fixed point opens cave, the dark 50 ~ 60cm in cave, each 70cm of length and width, apply in every cave compost or barnyard manure 1 ~ 2 load make base manure, guarantee root is straight and upright, by Miao Qingti after banketing, and compacting, earthing, water, column is inserted, lodging-prevention in every strain side;
(3) weeding: adopt intertill and clean tillage, annual 3 ~ 4 times, interior shallow deeply outer during intertill and clean tillage, the degree of depth 15 ~ 20 centimetres, makes loosing soil;
(4) apply fertilizer: treelet is respectively topdressed 1 time after intertill and clean tillage, topdresses based on nitrogenous fertilizer, and bearing-age tree executes three fertilizer for 1 year, applying fertilizer combines with nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and farmyard manure combines with chemical fertilizer;
(5) disease control: before and after spring bud is grown, with 200 times of bordeaux mixture, sprays once, sprays 5 ~ 6 times altogether for every 10 ~ 15 days;
(6) pick and process: pluck when fruit prematurity in July, by the fruit plucked from middle part crosscut into two, to dry or coal fire is dried without sulphur.
Seminal propagation technology: winter sowing, after collecting seed then, is sowed in spring on March in next year, the middle ten days.Sowing seedbed selects that water source is convenient, soil layer is deep, quality loosens fertile, well-drained loam or sandy loam, selects the soil not cultivating citrus nursery stock to be good as far as possible.Use sufficient base manure before whole ground, use decomposed manure 4000kg, plough deeply 25 ~ 30cm for every mu.Rake before broadcasting, be made the furrow of 1 meter wide.By line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 3 ~ 6cm drilling, broadcast rear loam lid kind and cover grass again, keep moistening on bed, seedling removes covering after breaking ground in time, and the next spring when height of seedling about 1 meter, then presses line-spacing 30 ~ 50cm, spacing in the rows 25 ~ 30cm and transplants.
Propagation by grafiting technology: the stock of grafting is with the seminal propagation shoot of 2 ~ 3 years.Annual February, 5 ~ June, 9 ~ 10 monthly can.Grafting generally adopts side grafting method and T-shaped bud grafting etc., and require cutter profit during grafting, hand is steady, cuts mouth and will put down, and wrong bud wants accurate, and wrapping consolidation, after surviving 1 ~ 2 year, is grown and normally got final product field planting.
In the present invention, compost is various straw, fallen leaves, human and animal excreta are raw material, with the organic manure of a small amount of earth mixed-stacking; Described barnyard manure is to pile up with the auxiliary material such as leaf, straw and through the organic manure of fermentable for main with the fecaluria of livestock and poultry.
Bearing-age tree first time fertilising is 3 ~ April, based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, about 0.3 kilogram, urea is executed in every strain, second time fertilising is in early June, based on composite fertilizer, every strain about 250 grams, third time, fertilising was before the Beginning of Winter, based on dung polluted water, barnyard manure, compost, every strain coordinates executes 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram, boron phosphate fertilizer.
Before the process that step (4) is applied fertilizer or fertilising process in, need regularly to irrigate, concrete, the field planting initial stage waters depending on climatic condition.Generally do not need to water after growing into forest, as sky drought can add a little water when applying fertilizer, rainy season, anti-field internal water accumulation, carried out ditch cleaning drainage works, can not ponding.
In the cultivation of river Fructus Aurantii, also want regularly to carry out pruning to plant, after treelet field planting 1-2, dry high about 1 meter, cutting back central authorities trunk.Select a sturdy 3-4 branch last year, be trained the key major branch of ground floor, Second Year stays branch 4-5 in ground floor major branch 50-60 centimeters again, cultivate as the key major branch of the second layer, then 70-75 centimeters is selected and remain 5-6 branch thereon, make it to form the key major branch of third layer, be made into nature semi-circular.Become the pruning of annual bearer, generally should in the winter time or carry out early spring, cut off deadwood, mould stake, sick branch, concealment branch, branch of growing thickly, descending branch and old and feeble and water sprout.Taking pinches simultaneously windows thorax in protection, and now hole of pinching not, windows and now do not stitch, and gently dredges cutting back, cultivation results branch.Summer cuts and carries out between the Beginning of summer to the beginning of autumn, usually carries out bud picking, pinching etc.
The collecting time of river Fructus Aurantii is generally plucked when fruit prematurity in July, and then flesh great Pi is thin excessively late, of poor quality.By the fruit picked from middle part crosscut into two, to dry or coal fire is dried.Be spread out on straw mat or meadow during solarization, first shine flesh meat one side, tedding pericarp face again to when not being stained with dirt, until absolutely dry wait drying.Must guard against during solarization and be stained with ash, drench with rain, also avoid and ted on slabstone or cement flooring, just can reach the blue or green meat of skin after dry white.As baked with fire, firepower can not be excessive, in case burned.
After the river Fructus Aurantii place of production preliminary working of results, namely the river Fructus Aurantii product through being up to the standards should be packed, and again through storage, transport after packaging, just can become the raw material of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs processing and Chinese patent medicine preparation.
Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:
By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the growing way of controllable river Fructus Aurantii and Bomass allocation, make river Fructus Aurantii nourish and grow and reproductive growth reaches balance, increase reproductive organs (fruit) biomass of river Fructus Aurantii tree body.Solve river Fructus Aurantii output on the low side, shedding serious problems, add river Fructus Aurantii yield per unit area, improve economic benefit.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (3)
1. a high-yield cultivating method for river Fructus Aurantii, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding and seedling: adopt seminal propagation technology or propagation by grafiting technology to carry out nursery;
(2) field planting is transplanted: after selecting spring in next year, season in autumn two calm or rain, fine day carries out field planting, by whole for field thin leveling before transplanting, by line-spacing 3 ~ 4m, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3m fixed point opens cave, the dark 50 ~ 60cm in cave, each 70cm of length and width, apply in every cave compost or barnyard manure 1 ~ 2 load make base manure, guarantee root is straight and upright, by Miao Qingti after banketing, and compacting, earthing, water, column is inserted, lodging-prevention in every strain side;
(3) weeding: adopt intertill and clean tillage, annual 3 ~ 4 times, interior shallow deeply outer during intertill and clean tillage, the degree of depth 15 ~ 20 centimetres, makes loosing soil;
(4) apply fertilizer: treelet is respectively topdressed 1 time after intertill and clean tillage, described in topdress based on nitrogenous fertilizer, bearing-age tree executes three fertilizer for 1 year, applies fertilizer to combine with nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and farmyard manure combines with chemical fertilizer;
(5) disease control: before and after spring bud is grown, with 200 times of bordeaux mixture, sprays once, sprays 5 ~ 6 times altogether for every 10 ~ 15 days;
(6) pick and process: pluck when fruit prematurity in July, by the fruit plucked from middle part crosscut into two, to dry or coal fire is dried without sulphur.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (2) comprising: described compost is various straw, fallen leaves, human and animal excreta are raw material, with the organic manure of a small amount of earth mixed-stacking; Described barnyard manure is to pile up with the auxiliary material such as leaf, straw and through the organic manure of fermentable for main with the fecaluria of livestock and poultry.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (4) comprising: bearing-age tree first time fertilising is 3 ~ April, and based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, about 0.3 kilogram, urea is executed in every strain, second time fertilising is in early June, based on composite fertilizer, every strain about 250 grams, third time, fertilising was before the Beginning of Winter, based on dung polluted water, barnyard manure, compost, every strain coordinates executes 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram, boron phosphate fertilizer.
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| CN201410542176.XA CN104255381A (en) | 2014-10-15 | 2014-10-15 | High-output cultivation method of fructus aurantii |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850430A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 江西樟树天齐堂中药饮片有限公司 | Fructus aurantii disease-resistant high-yield cultivation technology |
| CN106358966A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-01 | 韦声荣 | Method for soil loosening and yield increase of smooth skin kumquat |
| CN107593240A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-01-19 | 江西国都中药饮片有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Aurantii |
Citations (2)
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| CN102283065A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 湖南大地中药饮片有限公司 | High-yield process for layering cultivation of fruit of trifoliate orange |
| CN102640635A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-08-22 | 湖北武当生物医药科技有限公司 | Seedling raising and planting method of tree honeysuckle |
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2014
- 2014-10-15 CN CN201410542176.XA patent/CN104255381A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102283065A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 湖南大地中药饮片有限公司 | High-yield process for layering cultivation of fruit of trifoliate orange |
| CN102640635A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-08-22 | 湖北武当生物医药科技有限公司 | Seedling raising and planting method of tree honeysuckle |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 彭锐: "枳壳规范化栽培及炮制加工技术", 《重庆中草药研究》, no. 1, 30 June 2008 (2008-06-30), pages 1 - 3 * |
| 昌平管理员: "枳壳栽培的实用技术", 《HTTP://CPWEB.GOV.CN/NEWS/NONGYE/KEJI/SHIYONGJISHU/2013111820748.HTML》, 18 November 2013 (2013-11-18) * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850430A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 江西樟树天齐堂中药饮片有限公司 | Fructus aurantii disease-resistant high-yield cultivation technology |
| CN106358966A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-01 | 韦声荣 | Method for soil loosening and yield increase of smooth skin kumquat |
| CN107593240A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-01-19 | 江西国都中药饮片有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Aurantii |
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