CN104094758A - Gorgon euryale seed and cress alternate cultivation method - Google Patents
Gorgon euryale seed and cress alternate cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A gorgon euryale seed and cress alternate cultivation method includes the gorgon euryale seed cultivation and the following cress cultivation. The gorgon euryale seed cultivation includes seedling, field management of gorgon euryale seed cultivation, fertilization of gorgon euryale seed cultivation, disease and insect control of gorgon euryale seed and gorgon euryale seed harvest. The following cress cultivation includes field management of cress cultivation, stem cutting and seed arraying of cress, water layer management of cress cultivation, fertilization management of cress cultivation and deep planting and softening of cress. The gorgon euryale seed and cress alternate cultivation method is a currently-developed annual efficient production pattern, the average scale mu benefit ranges from 10 to 15 thousand yuan, and net benefit per mu can be increased by 5 to 10 thousand yuan as compared with that of traditional gorgon euryale seed cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method, belong to arviculture technical field.
Background technology
Suzhou has advantageous, the abundant natural resources of plantation aquatic vegetable, has the cultivation history of thousand, is famous " the water Eight Immortals " main product ground, the whole nation.For a long time, due to wide in variety, Functionality, quality and appealing design, cultivation history is of a specified duration, has formed comparatively ripe Traditional farming system, is enriching market, increases the aspects such as vegetable grower's income and has obtained good effect.But along with the quickening of urbanization paces advances, original tillage method faces the challenge, industrialized development, brings contradiction also to soil supply and demand, especially seems more precious in economically developed southern area of Jiangsu Province.For this reason, explore labor productivity high, unit earning rate is high, and society, economic, profitable on ecology crops for rotation arrange pattern to become inexorable trend.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of Soviet Union Gorgon euryale method for comprehensively preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests in.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of 1, Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method, is characterized in that: comprise the cultivation of first batch of Gorgon fruit and the cultivation of the second batch cress; The cultivation of described first batch of Gorgon fruit comprises:
(1) growing seedlings of Gorgon fruit
While growing seedlings, select smooth seedbed, the bed soil thickness in this seedbed is 12～18cm; In mid or late March, after clean the seed elutriation of described Gorgon fruit, put into container vernalization; After described seed sprouts, broadcast sowing on described seedbed, every square metre of described seeding in nursery bed 0.8～1.2kg, after planting keeps on described seedbed, having the water layer that thickness is 4～6cm; Described after planting 30～40 days, the seedling lifting of described Gorgon fruit is heeled in; When the seedling age of the seedling of described Gorgon fruit is 60～70 days, the seedling of described Gorgon fruit is colonizated in a land for growing field crops, it is highly the ridge that 60～70cm, width are 40～50cm that described land for growing field crops surrounding has;
(2) field management of Gorgon fruit cultivation
After described field planting, keep the water level 8～12cm in described land for growing field crops; With the growth of the plant of described Gorgon fruit, water level increases to 30～50cm gradually; After described field planting 9～12 days, earth up to the root of the seedling of described Gorgon fruit; After described field planting 7～10 days, start to skim duckweed to described land for growing field crops, and imbed in the mud in described land for growing field crops after the weeds of pulling out in described land for growing field crops are kneaded, blade Feng Hanghou stops weeding;
(3) fertilising of Gorgon fruit cultivation
Every 667m
2fertilizer 400～500kg is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure in described land for growing field crops; Topdress three times in the vegetative period of described Gorgon fruit, first inferior to every 667 m after slow seedling
2described land for growing field crops imposes 14 ~ 16kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; Second inferior to shown in after topdress for the first time 15～20 days, every 667m
2described land for growing field crops imposes 18～22kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; Every 667 m before envelope ridge for the third time
2described land for growing field crops imposes 28～32kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium;
(4) preventing disease pest control of Gorgon fruit
At early and middle ten days in July, to described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale spraying agent for the first time, this medicament is mixed in 12.5kg～15kg water and is made by 10% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 40ml, the rich wetting powder 50g of 78% section and No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong; At the beginning of by the end of July～8 months, to described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale spraying agent for the second time, this medicament is mixed in 12.5kg～15kg water and is made by 25% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 20ml, 65% Zineb wettable powder 50g and No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong;
(5) Gorgon euryale rice is gathered
Fresh Gorgon euryale rice is bloomed and is gathered for latter 20 days in described Gorgon fruit, and dry Gorgon euryale rice is bloomed and gathered for latter 25 days in described Gorgon fruit, and the old grain of reserving seed for planting is gathered for 30～32 days after described Gorgon fruit is bloomed;
The cultivation of described the second batch cress comprises:
(6) field of Chinese celery cultivation is prepared
Dry water in field is put in the land for growing field crops that described Gorgon euryale rice is gathered after finishing, and 20～30cm then deep ploughs;
(7) Chinese celery cut stem seeding
9 the middle ten days～early October, after cloudy day or fine day 3 o'clock of afternoon, by the kind celery seeding after vernalization, in described land for growing field crops, line space is 5～6cm;
(8) water layer management of Chinese celery cultivation
After seeding, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops is that water floods kind of a stem; After seeding 5～7 days, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops was 3～4cm; Before described Chinese celery is softening, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops adds and is deep to 8～10cm; After described Chinese celery is softening, in 8～10 days, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops is 3～5cm, and draining is afterwards put field 2～3 days, and then the degree of depth 8～10cm of the water layer that keeps described land for growing field crops of pouring water;
(9) fertilizing management of Chinese celery cultivation
Every 667m
2described land for growing field crops organic fertilizer 1000～1500kg is as base manure; Topdress three times in the vegetative period of described Chinese celery, for the first time every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes urea 10～15kg, for the second time every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 18～22kg, for the third time before described Chinese celery is softening, and every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 23～28kg; Before described topdressing, first reduce the water level in described land for growing field crops;
(10) the dark cultivation of Chinese celery is softening
In the time that described Chinese celery plant height grows to 30～40cm, individual plant Chinese celery is uprooped and be that cluster is planted 15～20cm again deeply in described large field by 20～30 strains.
Preferred technical scheme is: the pale reddish brown Soviet Union of Gorgon euryale selection of described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale, aunt the revive Gorgon euryale No. 4 of Gorgon euryale No. 2 or aunt of reviving.
Preferred technical scheme is: independent nitrogen fertilizer application when described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale is cultivated, in the time of envelope row spray medicine, the boron fertilizer that mass concentration is 0.1% is sprayed in blade face increasing.
Preferred technical scheme is: be sprayed in the blade surface of described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale and water and prevent and treat black midge, yellow midge, lotus rhizome leaf mining midge, ephydrid and eat root leaf beetle with 1500 times of liquid of 4.5% permethrin milk oil or 1500～2000 times of liquid of the happy missible oil of 52.25% farmland.
Preferred technical scheme is: be sprayed on the mixed liquor that the mixed liquor of 1000 times of liquid compositions of 3% wooden dipper first enemy 1000 times of liquid of missible oil and 10% Imidacloprid or 1500 times of liquid of 4.5% permethrin milk oil and 1000 times of liquid of 10% Imidacloprid form that in the blade surface of the described Gorgon euryale of reviving and water, to prevent and treat water chestnut jade-like stone chrysomelid.
Preferred technical scheme is: every use 20% Rynaxypyr suspending agent 5～10ml/667m
2, or 2000～3000 times of liquid of 24% happy suspending agent or 5% press down 1500 times of liquid control prodenia lituras of hooligan's missible oil.
Preferred technical scheme is: front 4～5 days of described field planting, in described land for growing field crops, execute tea seed cake, lime or cypermethrin, and simultaneously in Nei Wa cave, described land for growing field crops, the degree of depth in this cave is 15～20cm, and the upper diameter pot shape cave that is 60～80cm.
Because technique scheme is used, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages and effect:
" Gorgon fruit-Chinese celery " of the present invention rotation cropping pattern, in recent years newly developed go out anniversary High-efficient Production pattern, its scale benefit per mu can reach ten thousand yuan of 1-1.5, increases by ten thousand yuan of pure benefit 0.5-1 than traditional Gorgon fruit cultivation mu.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment mono-: a kind of Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method
A kind of Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method, comprises the cultivation of first batch of Gorgon fruit and the cultivation of the second batch cress; The cultivation of described first batch of Gorgon fruit comprises:
Select kind: select to be suitable for the Soviet Union Gorgon euryale that growth potential is strong, plant is stingless, grain is large, output is high, quality is good (once claiming southern Gorgon euryale, stingless Gorgon euryale) or its hybrid generation of this area plantation, as pale reddish brown Soviet Union Gorgon euryale, aunt's Gorgon euryale No. 2, aunt breedings such as Gorgon euryale No. 4 of reviving of reviving.
Cultivate strong sprout:
A) prepare in seedbed: before sowing, be ready to seedbed, and smooth bed surface, the native thick 15cm of bed left and right, removes thread algae, duckweed;
B) vernalization sowing: generally can do sth. in advance 5～10 days, choose maturation, not damaged seed in mid or late March, after eluriating totally, seed is placed on to vernalization in glazed earthen basin, daytime, Exposure to Sunlight heated, strqw cover insulation at night, the seed sowing that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after 7～10 days, also sprout-forcing direct-seeding open country (when temperature is lower, available plastic film covers) not.Every m
2sowing 1kg left and right, wants the nearly water surface gently to spread sowing time, broadcasts rear maintenance shoaling layer 5cm, and prevents that duckweed from entering pond;
C) transplant seedlings and heel in: after planting 30～40 days, when 1～2 roundleaf appears in seedling, band seed lifting was heeled in, and general distance between rows and hills 30 cm × 30cm, prevents that earth from burying lobus cardiacus.
Field planting in good time:
A) field is selected: select that physical features is smooth, organic abundant, loam, the clay loam of plow layer 30cm left and right, dark without mud and humus content is too high pond, the plantation of lotus root field, can fill with and can arrange, front stubble be wild rice stem, Chinese celery, or rape, wheat and the crop fields such as kidney bean, broad bean;
B) build the ridge: land for growing field crops is ploughed, tilling depth 30cm left and right, rakes, and removes weeds, duckweed, algae etc. wholely.Do the ridge of high 60～70cm, wide 40～50cm simultaneously in field surrounding, paste plastic film in ridge inner side if desired, prevent from leaking;
C) clean up the pond and dig cave: field planting is executed tea seed cake or lime or cypermethrin etc. for first 5 days and removed the pest such as food grass carp class and cray in open grave.Press apart from ridge first trip 1m, other seeding row spacing 2.2 × 2.2 (m) digs a pot shape cave, the dark 15～20cm in cave, upper diameter 60～80cm simultaneously.Often can suitably plant a little Gorgon euryale seedlings in the ranks fills a vacancy in order to transplanting seedlings;
D) field planting standard: field planting can suitably be advanced to early June, seedling age is 60～70 days, 3～4 of roundleaves, great Ye diameter 20～25cm, the long 40～50cm of petiole, thick 1.0～1.5cm.Attention is can not field planting excessively dark, also can not be too shallow.
Field management:
That Gorgon fruit is mainly carried out is windproof, fill the gaps with seedlings, harmony soil, weeding, a job such as pour water and topdress;
A) water layer management: Gorgon fruit should keep certain water layer whole vegetative period.The field planting initial stage keeps water level 10cm left and right (depth of water 25cm in planting pit), and later with plant strain growth, water level increases to 30～50cm gradually.Growing period can not be cut off the water supply and be surfaced;
B) ridging is filled the gaps with seedlings: after field planting, 10 days left and right ， Sui Gorgon euryale seedling lobus cardiacuses are progressively upwards grown and grown in batches and earth up with new root, generally divide and 2 times the earth backfill of pushing aside are entered to cave, are as the criterion not bury lobus cardiacus.If any being short of seedling, mend and plant in time;
D) weed a garden: after Gorgon fruit field planting 7～10 days, start to skim duckweed to field, and weed out the rank grass, knead to imbed and in mud, make fertilizer.At the beginning of 8 months by the end of July,, blade Feng Hanghou stops weeding;
E) skilful fertilise: the not resistance to fertilizer of Gorgon fruit, nitrogenous fertilizer is too much, dark green leaf color light, the large plumpness of leaf, but easily affect result and easy foliation knurl disease;
1. base manure, general every 667 ㎡ of fertility field spread fertilizer over the fields and become thoroughly decomposed, high-quality fertilizer 500kg, plough, rake, dig cave; Before field planting, in pot shape cave bottom, then execute Chicken dung 0.25～0.5kg or nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 0.1～0.2kg, and with cave in earth mix thoroughly;
2. topdress, should and divide in the shape of a spiral away from plant and execute for 3 times, taking nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium as main, also can select " excrement stirs mud " animal dung etc. of becoming thoroughly decomposed.The ratio of phosphorus should suitably be reduced in Suzhou District, and increases the ratio of potassium.First imposes 15 ㎏ left and right inferior to every 667 ㎡ after delaying seedling, and after 15～20 days, every 667 ㎡ impose 20kg left and right for the second time, and before envelope ridge, every 667 ㎡ impose 30kg left and right for the third time, and the later stage of gathering can topdress about 10 ㎏ depending on every 667 ㎡ of plant strain growth again.Envelope can foliage-spray 0.1% in conjunction with spray medicine when row boron fertilizer or trace element.Later stage of gathering can suitably topdress depending on plant strain growth again, every 667 ㎡ 10kg left and right;
F) hay grass is windproof: swing in the field lake that stormy waves is large should be at interval of 4～5 row in field surrounding and field, respectively plants in length and breadth hay grass a line to fall wind speed.
Preventing disease pest control:
A) main diseases insect pest: leaf nodule disease, leaf spot, insect pest has black midge (red filaria), yellow midge (white filaria), lotus rhizome leaf mining midge, ephydrid, food root leaf beetle, water chestnut jade-like stone chrysomelid etc., also has other pest snail (boring real spiral shell, ramshorn, Pomacea canaliculata), thread algae (being commonly called as moss, water silk floss), duckweed class (duckweed, Chinese scholartree leaf duckweed, Full river are red) etc.;
B) control principle: from keeping ecological balance, safeguard ecotope, in line with safety, economy, effective principle, put prevention first, integrated control;
C) cultural control: emphasize efficent rotation, breeding variety, meticulously grow seedlings, field planting in good time, apply fertilizers scientifically, regulate water level, clean rural area, gather etc. in time;
D) chemical control: except being cautious use of nitrogenous fertilizer, keep, outside water cleaning, grasping the key link period, utilize the different preventive effect phases of each medicament, carry out science mixture, realize the long combination high-efficiency control of brachymedial, reach many sick anti-ideal effects of holding concurrently;
1. before plantation, every 667 ㎡ spread fertilizer over the fields the pest such as food grass carp class and cray in the removing such as tea seed cake or lime or the cypermethrin pool, put clear water to change the field forbidding of breeding fish with latter 2～3 days.2. leaf nodule disease, leaf spot control plant strain growth are contained phase susceptible disease, should prevent early, within after field planting 15～20 days, start laxative, and Feng Hanghou stops using, and prevents and treats altogether 2～3 times.The 1st inferior to early and middle ten days in July, in case leaf nodule disease is main, and 10% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 40ml, 78% section rich wetting powder (containing 48% bordeaux mixture, 30% mancozeb) 50g, No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong for every barrel of water (12.5～15kg); The 2nd inferior at the beginning of by the end of July～8 months, in case leaf spot, leaf nodule disease are main, with 10% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 40ml, 65% zineb soluble powder 50g, No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong.Also available 20% triazolone missible oil, the alternative uses such as 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder and 80% carbendazol wettable powder.3. black midge (red filaria), yellow midge (white filaria), lotus rhizome leaf mining midge, ephydrid, food root leaf beetle mainly endanger plant young shoot, young root and potential food tender leaf in soil and water, 1500 times of liquid of available 4.5% permethrin milk oil, or 1500～2000 times of liquid of the happy missible oil of 52.25% farmland are sprayed in blade surface and water and prevent and treat.4.5% permethrin milk oil refers to and in permethrin milk oil product, contains 4.5% cypermethrin that quality percentage composition is.Numeral+% in the present invention before product all refers to that the content of active ingredient in product is numeral+%.4. water chestnut jade-like stone is chrysomelid gnaws blade as main taking adult and larva, 1000 times of liquid of available 3% wooden dipper first enemy's missible oil, or 1500 times of liquid of 4.5% permethrin milk oil separately add 1000 times of liquid of Imidacloprid and are sprayed in blade surface and water and prevent and treat.5. snail (boring real spiral shell, ramshorn, Pomacea canaliculata) is mainly gnawed plant plumule and tender leaf, and " Luo Yuan goes out " of available 20% Nicotinanilide sulfate content or every mu of 500g of " hundred spiral shells kill fourth " pulvis are spread in water and prevent and treat.6. after thread algae (being commonly called as moss, water silk floss) seedling stage and field planting, all can endanger, be wound around cauline leaf, affect plant strain growth, 200 times of liquid of available 80% bordeaux mixture are sprayed in water to be prevented and treated.7. duckweed class (duckweed, Chinese scholartree leaf duckweed, Full river are red) duckweed is stained with on Gorgon fruit blade, can make blade sinking, ponding, rot, and the punching that should manually skim in time or discharge water removes.
Gather in time: according to the requirement of the ripe property of commodity, general fresh Gorgon euryale rice is in spending latter 20 days, and dry Gorgon euryale rice is in spending latter 25 days, and the old grain of reserving seed for planting is in spending latter 30～32 days.Early August begins to receive, and the whole receipts phase is controlled at September 20, and can gather 10 full vegetative period in batches.(fresh rice is frozen in processing) as main gathering the large dawn, and standard is that contractions of plant lobus cardiacus, young leaves poor growth, carpopodium are felt like jelly, pericarp is rubescent when smooth, shows fruit maturation in advance.Early stage, one minor tick 6 days was kept to 5 days later gradually, and peak period was every 3 days.When picking fruit, should protect main great Ye and young tender leaf, the Zou Yuan road of at every turn gathering, reduces damage root system as far as possible.
The cultivation of described first batch of Gorgon fruit comprises:
Select kind of a stem: from seed field, choose there is varietal characteristic, thick (transverse diameter) 1cm of stem left and right, point evil are concentrated, without aging female stem of oblique point of skill as kind of a stem.Kind should select to adapt to that the growth potential of this area plantation is strong, thick flavor, fiber is few, quality is good kind, and heat-resisting, the kind that early goes public is selected the white celery in Changshu, Yixing roundleaf celery, and cold-resistant, evening, city's kind was selected beautiful keemun celery etc.;
Binding vernalization: late August～mid-September, be first 7～10 days of seeding, seed selection strain plant height grows to high 1m, thick 1cm left and right, flush with ground cuts off, and cut the tender tip, after clear water rinsing, neat root arranges and sequences, be bundled into the round bale of diameter 15～20cm, every bundle in waist tied up straw rope 2～3 roads, then select shady and cool local right-angled intersection piling, heap height and diameter are generally no more than 1.5m, upper screening hay indocalamus or sunshade net, sooner or later dial and water cold water every day, after 3 days, turn over buttress, remove rotten leaf, in heap, temperature remains on 25 DEG C of left and right, within 7～10 days, 70% above axillary bud sprouting 3～5cm is seeding.
The seeding of whole ground
A) field is selected: select the field that front stubble is Soviet Union Gorgon euryale, put dry water in field, use sufficient base manure, deep ploughing 20～30cm, the then thin leveling of rake;
B) cut stem seeding: 9 the middle ten days～early October is selected to carry out after cloudy day or fine day 3 o'clock of afternoon in batches, plants stem flat raft ground, spacing 5～6cm, along long headtotail, move back on row limit, limit, and touch in time flat footprint cave, keeps field face smooth.For making seedling be close to earth's surface, plant after stem can be cut into 2～3 sections and arrange again, stay an aisle every 2m.
Field management:
A) water layer management: should put in time shallow water after seeding, the depth of water to be just kind of a stem is flooded, as heavy rain, the row's of robbing ponding in time.After 5～7 days, axillalry bud seedling grows to after 3～5cm height, keeps water layer 3～4cm, before softening, adds gradually and is deep to 8～10cm.Softening latter 8～10 days, keep water level 3～5cm, draining is afterwards put field 2～3 days, then the maintenance water level 8～10cm that pours water; Meet when cold current, water level can short-term adds and is deep to 20cm, but should keep lobus cardiacus to surface.Put field and refer to after the draining of land for growing field crops, maintain a period of time in land for growing field crops, not pour water;
B) even transplantation of seedlings: after seeding,, about 15 days, Ying Yimi mends rare, makes full Tian Qinmiao growth uniformity;
C) fertilizing management: according to field fertility situation, general every 667 ㎡ of base manure execute decomposed manure 1000～1500kg, and topdress 3 times, execute urea 10～15kg/667 ㎡ the 1st time, execute nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 20kg/667 ㎡ for the 2nd time, the 3rd time before softening, heavy dressing nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 25kg/667 ㎡.Before topdressing, should first reduce water level, no longer root fertilising during softening.In addition, the plant strain growth middle and later periods, available 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% borax are watered foliage-spray 2～3 times, can obviously improve plant resistance and output.
Preventing disease pest control:
A) main diseases insect pest: spot blight, rust and carrot microtubule aphid;
B) control principle: from keeping ecological balance, safeguard the totally of ecotope, in line with safety, economy, effective principle, put prevention first, integrated control;
C) cultural control: emphasize the timely change of crops, choose seeds as required, apply fertilizers scientifically, regulate and control water level, plant is disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability to improve for the Agricultural comprehensive measures such as clean rural area;
D) chemical control:
1. spot blight, 500 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder of 50% for every 667 ㎡, or 600 times of liquid 50～60kg of 50% mancozeb wettable powder, gradation spraying, alternately control;
2. rust, 1000～1200 times of liquid of triadimefon wetting powder of every 667 ㎡ 25%, or 600 times of liquid 50～60kg of 50% mancozeb wettable powder, alternately control;
3. carrot microtubule aphid, 3000 times of liquid 50～60kg controls of 10% time clean wetting powder for every 667 ㎡;
Dark cultivation softened: in the time that Chinese celery plant height grows to 35cm left and right, dark cultivation is softening at once.The softening time should be according to the market demand, is arranged in and carries out early November～mid-December in batches, and the softening time is corresponding is pushed into 30 days.Method is that individual plant Chinese celery is uprooped and is that cluster is planted 15～20cm again deeply in this field by 20～30 strains, makes its part of burying become tender, fair and clear.
The listing of gathering: generally in early March in late November～next year, remollescent cress band root dug out by stages, clean, binding, sale.After mid-March, go on the market, must go root binding to sell.Chinese celery winter growth is slower, and general per mu yield 3000～4000kg, more than after the beginning of spring, per mu yield can reach 5000kg.
The technology of reserving seed for planting:
A) kind of the strain of selecting and remain: should carry out seed selection work between picking time.General select that base portion is sturdy, internode is short, uprightly grow thickly, there is no branch, reserve seed for planting without damage by disease and insect and the plant with this variety characteristic.The kind strain of choosing is uprooped, and cuts the tender tip in top, retains plant height 20～25cm, in time plantation;
B) till the land and select: select fertile soil, irrigation and drainage field easily;
C) planting strain plants: before and after by the end of March, by the kind strain of selecting, by 1～2 strain of every cave, during cultivation is buried, the degree of depth is not to float as degree conventionally, and row cave is apart from 15～20cm;
D) management of tilling the land: plant after celery plantation, keep shallow water 3～5cm, notice that duty changes water in field, keep water cleaning, and suitably topdress depending on kind of a strain growing state, general every 667 ㎡ divide and execute respectively Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (15-15-15) 20kg and 30kg for 2 times.Field is put in gradation in June～August, and alternation of wetting and drying prevents large loose water, and plant crosses prosperous growth and rotten strain.Meet more than 35 DEG C high temperature, should a day row fill with night.
Embodiment bis-: a kind of Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method
A kind of Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method, comprises the cultivation of first batch of Gorgon fruit and the cultivation of the second batch cress; The cultivation of described first batch of Gorgon fruit comprises:
(1) growing seedlings of Gorgon fruit
While growing seedlings, select smooth seedbed, the bed soil thickness in this seedbed is 12～18cm; In mid or late March, after clean the seed elutriation of described Gorgon fruit, put into container vernalization; After described seed sprouts, broadcast sowing on described seedbed, every square metre of described seeding in nursery bed 0.8～1.2kg, after planting keeps on described seedbed, having the water layer that thickness is 4～6cm; Described after planting 30～40 days, the seedling lifting of described Gorgon fruit is heeled in; When the seedling age of the seedling of described Gorgon fruit is 60～70 days, the seedling of described Gorgon fruit is colonizated in a land for growing field crops, it is highly the ridge that 60～70cm, width are 40～50cm that described land for growing field crops surrounding has;
(2) field management of Gorgon fruit cultivation
After described field planting, keep the water level 8～12cm in described land for growing field crops; With the growth of the seedling of described Gorgon fruit, water level increases to 30～50cm gradually; After described field planting 9～12 days, earth up to the root of the seedling of described Gorgon fruit; After described field planting 7～10 days, start to skim duckweed to described land for growing field crops, and imbed in the mud in described land for growing field crops after the weeds of pulling out in described land for growing field crops are kneaded, blade Feng Hanghou stops weeding;
(3) fertilising of Gorgon fruit cultivation
Every 667m
2fertilizer 450～550kg is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure in described land for growing field crops; Topdress three times in the vegetative period of described Gorgon fruit, first inferior to every 667 m after slow seedling
2described land for growing field crops imposes 14 ~ 16kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; Second inferior to shown in after topdress for the first time 15～20 days, every 667m
2described land for growing field crops imposes 18～22kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; Every 667 m before envelope ridge for the third time
2described land for growing field crops imposes 28～32kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium;
(4) preventing disease pest control of Gorgon fruit
At early and middle ten days in July, to described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale spraying agent for the first time, this medicament is mixed in 15kg water and is made by 10% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 40ml, the rich wetting powder 50g of 78% section and No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong; At the beginning of by the end of July～8 months, to described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale spraying agent for the second time, this medicament is mixed in 12.5～15kg water and is made by 25% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 20ml, 65% Zineb wettable powder 50g and No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong;
(5) Gorgon euryale rice is gathered
Fresh Gorgon euryale rice is bloomed and is gathered for latter 20 days in described Gorgon fruit, and dry Gorgon euryale rice is bloomed and gathered for latter 25 days in described Gorgon fruit, and the old grain of reserving seed for planting is gathered for 30～32 days after described Gorgon fruit is bloomed;
The cultivation of described the second batch cress comprises:
(6) field of Chinese celery cultivation is prepared
Dry water in field is put in the land for growing field crops that described Gorgon euryale rice is gathered after finishing, and 20～30cm then deep ploughs;
(7) Chinese celery cut stem seeding
9 the middle ten days～early October, after cloudy day or fine day 3 o'clock of afternoon, by the kind celery seeding after vernalization, in described land for growing field crops, line space is 5～6cm;
(8) water layer management of Chinese celery cultivation
After seeding, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops is that water floods kind of a stem; After seeding 5～7 days, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops was 3～4cm; Before described Chinese celery is softening, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops adds and is deep to 8～10cm; After described Chinese celery is softening, in 8～10 days, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops is 3～5cm, and draining is afterwards put field 2～3 days, and then the degree of depth 8～10cm of the water layer that keeps described land for growing field crops of pouring water;
(9) fertilizing management of Chinese celery cultivation
Every 667m
2described land for growing field crops organic fertilizer 1000～1500kg is as base manure; Topdress three times in the vegetative period of described Chinese celery, for the first time every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes urea 10～15kg, for the second time every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 18～22kg, for the third time before described Chinese celery is softening, and every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 23～28kg; Before described topdressing, first reduce the water level in described land for growing field crops;
(10) the dark cultivation of Chinese celery is softening
In the time that described Chinese celery plant height grows to 30～40cm, individual plant Chinese celery is uprooped and be that cluster is planted 15～20cm again deeply in described large field by 20～30 strains.
Be preferred embodiment: described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale is selected pale reddish brown Soviet Union Gorgon euryale, aunt the revive Gorgon euryale No. 4 of Gorgon euryale No. 2 or aunt of reviving.
Be preferred embodiment: independent nitrogen fertilizer application when described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale is cultivated, in the time of envelope row spray medicine, the boron fertilizer that mass concentration is 0.1% is sprayed in blade face increasing.
Be preferred embodiment: be sprayed in the blade surface of described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale and water and prevent and treat black midge, yellow midge, lotus rhizome leaf mining midge, ephydrid and food root leaf beetle with 1500 times of liquid of 4.5% permethrin milk oil or 1500～2000 times of liquid of the happy missible oil of 52.25% farmland.
Be preferred embodiment: be sprayed on the mixed liquor that mixed liquor or 1000 times of liquid of 1500 times of liquid of 4.5% permethrin milk oil and 10% Imidacloprid of 1000 times of liquid compositions of 3% wooden dipper first enemy 1000 times of liquid of missible oil and 10% Imidacloprid form that in the blade surface of the described Gorgon euryale of reviving and water, to prevent and treat water chestnut jade-like stone chrysomelid.
Be preferred embodiment: with 20% Rynaxypyr suspending agent 5～10ml/ mu, or 2000～3000 times of liquid of 24% happy suspending agent or 5% press down 1500 times of liquid control prodenia lituras of hooligan's missible oil.
Be preferred embodiment: first 4～5 days of described field planting, in described land for growing field crops, execute tea seed cake, lime or cypermethrin, simultaneously in Nei Wa cave, described land for growing field crops, the degree of depth in this cave is 15～20cm, and upper diameter is 60～80cm.
Above-described embodiment is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences that Spirit Essence is done according to the present invention change or modify, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method, is characterized in that: comprise the cultivation of first batch of Gorgon fruit and the cultivation of the second batch cress; The cultivation of described first batch of Gorgon fruit comprises:
(1) growing seedlings of Gorgon fruit
While growing seedlings, select smooth seedbed, the bed soil thickness in this seedbed is 12～18cm; In mid or late March, after clean the seed elutriation of described Gorgon fruit, put into container vernalization; After described seed sprouts, broadcast sowing on described seedbed, every square metre of described seeding in nursery bed 0.8～1.2kg, after planting keeps on described seedbed, having the water layer that thickness is 4～6cm; Described after planting 30～40 days, the seedling lifting of described Gorgon fruit is heeled in; When the seedling age of the seedling of described Gorgon fruit is 60～70 days, the seedling of described Gorgon fruit is colonizated in a land for growing field crops, it is highly the ridge that 60～70cm, width are 40～50cm that described land for growing field crops surrounding has;
(2) field management of Gorgon fruit cultivation
After described field planting, keep the water level 8～12cm in described land for growing field crops; With the growth of the plant of described Gorgon fruit, water level increases to 30～50cm gradually; After described field planting 9～12 days, earth up to the root of the seedling of described Gorgon fruit; After described field planting 7～10 days, start to skim duckweed to described land for growing field crops, and imbed in the mud in described land for growing field crops after the weeds of pulling out in described land for growing field crops are kneaded, blade Feng Hanghou stops weeding;
(3) fertilising of Gorgon fruit cultivation
Every 667m
2fertilizer 400～500kg is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure in described land for growing field crops; Topdress three times in the vegetative period of described Gorgon fruit, first inferior to every 667 m after slow seedling
2described land for growing field crops imposes 14 ~ 16kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; Second inferior to shown in after topdress for the first time 15～20 days, every 667m
2described land for growing field crops imposes 18～22kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; Every 667 m before envelope ridge for the third time
2described land for growing field crops imposes 28～32kg nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium;
(4) preventing disease pest control of Gorgon fruit
At early and middle ten days in July, to described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale spraying agent for the first time, this medicament is mixed in 12.5kg～15kg water and is made by 10% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 40ml, the rich wetting powder 50g of 78% section and No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong; At the beginning of by the end of July～8 months, to described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale spraying agent for the second time, this medicament is mixed in 12.5kg～15kg water and is made by 25% nitrile bacterium azoles missible oil 20ml, 65% Zineb wettable powder 50g and No. 1 2ml of Wei Nong;
(5) Gorgon euryale rice is gathered
Fresh Gorgon euryale rice is bloomed and is gathered for latter 20 days in described Gorgon fruit, and dry Gorgon euryale rice is bloomed and gathered for latter 25 days in described Gorgon fruit, and the old grain of reserving seed for planting is gathered for 30～32 days after described Gorgon fruit is bloomed;
The cultivation of described the second batch cress comprises:
(6) field of Chinese celery cultivation is prepared
Dry water in field is put in the land for growing field crops that described Gorgon euryale rice is gathered after finishing, and 20～30cm then deep ploughs;
(7) Chinese celery cut stem seeding
9 the middle ten days～early October, after cloudy day or fine day 3 o'clock of afternoon, by the kind celery seeding after vernalization, in described land for growing field crops, line space is 5～6cm;
(8) water layer management of Chinese celery cultivation
After seeding, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops is that water floods kind of a stem; After seeding 5～7 days, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops was 3～4cm; Before described Chinese celery is softening, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops adds and is deep to 8～10cm; After described Chinese celery is softening, in 8～10 days, the degree of depth of the water layer in described land for growing field crops is 3～5cm, and draining is afterwards put field 2～3 days, and then the degree of depth 8～10cm of the water layer that keeps described land for growing field crops of pouring water;
(9) fertilizing management of Chinese celery cultivation
Every 667m
2described land for growing field crops organic fertilizer 1000～1500kg is as base manure; Topdress three times in the vegetative period of described Chinese celery, for the first time every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes urea 10～15kg, for the second time every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 18～22kg, for the third time before described Chinese celery is softening, and every 667 m
2described land for growing field crops imposes nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 23～28kg; Before described topdressing, first reduce the water level in described land for growing field crops;
(10) the dark cultivation of Chinese celery is softening
In the time that described Chinese celery plant height grows to 30～40cm, individual plant Chinese celery is uprooped and be that cluster is planted 15～20cm again deeply in described large field by 20～30 strains.
2. Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale is selected pale reddish brown Soviet Union Gorgon euryale, aunt the revive Gorgon euryale No. 4 of Gorgon euryale No. 2 or aunt of reviving.
3. Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: independent nitrogen fertilizer application when described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale is cultivated, in the time of envelope row spray medicine, the boron fertilizer that mass concentration is 0.1% is sprayed in blade face increasing.
4. Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be sprayed in the blade surface of described Soviet Union Gorgon euryale and water and prevent and treat black midge, yellow midge, lotus rhizome leaf mining midge, ephydrid and food root leaf beetle with 1500 times of liquid of 4.5% permethrin milk oil or 1500～2000 times of liquid of the happy missible oil of 52.25% farmland.
5. Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be sprayed on the mixed liquor that mixed liquor or 1000 times of liquid of 1500 times of liquid of 4.5% permethrin milk oil and 10% Imidacloprid of 1000 times of liquid compositions of 3% wooden dipper first enemy 1000 times of liquid of missible oil and 10% Imidacloprid form that in the blade surface of the described Gorgon euryale of reviving and water, to prevent and treat water chestnut jade-like stone chrysomelid.
6. Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: every use 20% Rynaxypyr suspending agent 5～10ml/667m
2, or 2000～3000 times of liquid of 24% happy suspending agent or 5% press down 1500 times of liquid control prodenia lituras of hooligan's missible oil.
7. Gorgon fruit Chinese celery rotation cropping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: first 4～5 days of described field planting, in described land for growing field crops, execute tea seed cake, lime or cypermethrin, simultaneously in Nei Wa cave, described land for growing field crops, the degree of depth in this cave is 15～20cm, and the upper diameter pot shape cave that is 60～80cm.
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| CN106105636A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市泰盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the Gorgon fruit improving water quality |
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| CN107484515A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-19 | 丁广礼 | A kind of method for extending Gorgon fruit productive phase |
| CN113973675A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 湖南省棉花科学研究所 | Novel method for cultivating allium chinense |
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