CN105284535B - A kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284535B CN105284535B CN201510747473.2A CN201510747473A CN105284535B CN 105284535 B CN105284535 B CN 105284535B CN 201510747473 A CN201510747473 A CN 201510747473A CN 105284535 B CN105284535 B CN 105284535B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
This patent discloses a kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei, step is：1）Selection of land；2）The preparation of slotting machine；3）Preparation before cuttage；4）Cuttage and insert after manage；5）Outplanting；6）Forest land prepares；7）Site preparation digs cave；8）Basal dressing；9）Transplanting；10）Young growth manages；11）Tree body management；12）Grow into forest management；13）Pest control；14）Foliage top dressing.Pass through the no-tillage dense planting technology of cepehalotaxus fortunei, the operating of cepehalotaxus fortunei Tree Precise Fertilization, meticulous management and the plantation of standardization, the high-efficiency artificial cultivation technique of the cepehalotaxus fortunei of foundation, compared with the prior art for, the survival rate of nursery stock improves, for survival rate more than 75%~80%, the yield increase of corresponding cepehalotaxus fortunei, has the advantages that saving of labor saves ground, simple and easy to do, growing-seedling period is short, be conducive to cepehalotaxus fortunei quickly to grow into forest, be adapted to promote and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of medicinal trees, and in particular to a kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei.
Background technology
Cepehalotaxus fortunei is the peculiar naked sub- second class protection plant in China, is important medicine source plant resource and high-quality wood raw material.Its leaf,
Branch, the harringtonine and homoharringtonine of the extraction such as seed and root, can treat acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma, melanocyte
Knurl, lung cancer, breast cancer and brain tumor etc., while its dense materials, excellent, flexible, texture is careful beautiful, solid durable, can
For aviation, noble furniture, instrument chamber, ornament, engraving etc., medical value and economic value are high.
In field of medicaments, harringtonine, homoharringtonine are extracted mainly from cepehalotaxus fortunei, and ester alkali compound body contains
Measure as 0.25~0.48%, be mainly used for treating acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma, while be additionally operable to treatment melanoma, lung
Cancer, breast cancer and brain tumor etc., treatment breast cancer effective percentage is combined up to 94% with adriamycin medicine.At present, the price of international market
About 16~350,000 dollars/kg, therefore, the market development potential of cepehalotaxus fortunei is huge, and development prospect is wide.
Since cepehalotaxus fortunei is there is presently no a set of ripe cultivation technique, yield is also extremely unstable, therefore how to develop one
The cuttage implantation methods of ripe cepehalotaxus fortunei are covered, to improve the yield of cepehalotaxus fortunei, into a urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
The invention is intended to provide a kind of ripe implantation methods, to improve the yield of cepehalotaxus fortunei.
A kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei in this programme, it is concretely comprised the following steps：
1）Selection of land：Height above sea level is selected in 800~1300m, PH5.5~6.0, physical features is gentle, short texture, containing more than humus
Farmland or the vacant lot of hillside middle and lower part；
2）The preparation of slotting machine：A, site preparation：Advance site preparation, ploughs deeply 30~50cm, removes tree root and weeds, make it is high by 15~
The seedling furrow of 20cm, wide 1.2~1.5m；B, basal dressing：The decomposed base manure of 1~3cm thickness is applied, in the grain of the one layer of 3~5cm in seedling furrow upper berth
Spend the river sand for 1~2mm；C, disinfect：Slotting machine is carried out with 0.2~0.3% potassium permanganate or formalin solution before cuttage
Sprinkling；Basal dressing after site preparation, is being aided with disinfection, the interference of the microorganisms such as bacterium is being avoided, for increasing the quick of cepehalotaxus fortunei nursery stock
Growth.
3）Preparation before cuttage：A, fringe is cut：Carried out in 2 months to mid-March, the cepehalotaxus fortunei conduct for selecting the age of tree to be more than 5 years
Elite stand, selects lifes in 1 year~3 years on elite stand, the branch of thick 0.5~0.8cm lignifyings, is cut into the fringe bar of long 8~12cm；B, protect
Deposit：Fringe bar pays attention to moisturizing, and shading preserves, and the time is no more than 5 days；C, handle：Cuttings base portion is immersed in 0.01 before cuttage~
1~2h in 0.15% carbendazim solution, it is spare that root-inducing powder is dipped in taking-up；The selection criteria of cuttage cultivating seedling is high, robust plant, timely skewer
Insert, secondary sterilization sterilization, reduce the occurrence probability of disease and improve the survival rate of plant.
4）Cuttage and insert after manage：According to seeding row spacing 6cm × 8cm or 8cm × 10cm, cuttings buries 1/2~3/4, inserts
After pour permeable, poured one time of nutrition liquid every 5 days afterwards；With 0.5~1% urea top dressing after cuttage seedling rooting, every 20 days once；
Combine pest control June, the potassium sulphate fertilizer of foliage-spray 0.05~0.1% 1~2 time, apply July concentration 1~
1.5%, N, P, K ratio are 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2~3 times；
5）Outplanting：Late Febuary~early April, select 1 year or life in 2 years, high more than 30cm, more than diameter 0.4cm,
Branch 2 takes turns the nursery stock of the above, and lifting is carried out at cloudy day or dusk；
6）Forest land prepares：Select 600~2100m of height above sea level, 30 ° of the gradient is following, sunny, soil thickness more than 50cm,
Fertile, loose, well-drained famine mountain waste, deserted mountain is split grass, is cultivated entirely along contour banding comprehensively；
7）Site preparation digs cave：Bright cave is dug in the interior seeding row spacing of pressing of band, time table soil, 25~60cm of seeding row spacing, planting density 2500~
3500 plants/hm2；
8）Basal dressing：Often spread manuer in holes calcium magnesium phosphate 250g or with farm manure and calcium superphosphate by 6：Ferment after 1 ratio mixing
15~20 days, often spreaded manuer in holes 1~2kg, is fully mixed thoroughly with subsoil；
9）Transplanting：Nursery stock is uprightly put into cave, transplants upper 5~8cm at blinding to foundation, notices that root system relaxes when planting seedling
Exhibition, under urgent, upper cover loosen the soil；
10）Young growth manages：A, afforestation survives rear 1 month~2 months nitrogen fertilizer applications or organic fertilizer once；B, 6~9 after afforesting
In month, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied 2 times, in first time August, 25~50g/ of dose plant of the last ten-days period, second of November goes up, the middle ten days applies
50~100g/ plants of fertilizer amount, earthing after fertilising；C, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied 2 times within the 2nd year~3 years after afforesting, first time dose
For 50~100g/ plants, second of dose is 100~200g/ plants；
11）Tree body management：In afforestation pocket, trimming and tree body shaping were mended with the 2nd year then；
12）Grow into forest management：The 4th year~6 years after afforestation, carry out expanding cave weeding fertilising every year, by expanding cave year by year, cave is connected
Into band, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is mixed administration, dose by annual July~August with organic commercial fertilizer or nitrogenous fertilizer：Composite fertilizer and business
Product organic fertilizer 1:100~150g/ plants after 1 mixing, composite fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer 1:50~100g/ plants after 1 mixing；After annual harvesting in November
Expand cave to foster, and apply potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, dose：100~200g/ plants；
13）Pest control：Carry out Harmful monitoring and surveying, take based on biological control, physical control and
Aggregate measures supplemented by chemical prevention, are prevented or non-environmental pollution control measure, 45 days disabling chemical pesticides before harvesting；
14）Foliage top dressing：Prevented with reference to Harmful, foliage top dressing is carried out in early August~early September.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present inventor is no-tillage close by cepehalotaxus fortunei according to the growth characteristics of cepehalotaxus fortunei
Planting technology, the operation of cepehalotaxus fortunei Tree Precise Fertilization, formulation are to the young growth and different way to manages grown into forest, meticulous management and rule
The plantation of generalized, the high-efficiency artificial cultivation technique of the cepehalotaxus fortunei of foundation, compared with the prior art for, the survival rate of nursery stock improves,
For survival rate more than 75~80%, the yield increase of corresponding cepehalotaxus fortunei, has saving of labor saves ground, simple and easy to do, growing-seedling period is short etc.
Advantage, is conducive to cepehalotaxus fortunei and quickly grows into forest, and is adapted to promote and apply.
Preferably, female parent selection height above sea level 1300~2100m wild cepehalotaxus fortunei, with the rise of height above sea level, illumination
Gradually become strong, temperature is gradually reduced, and the growing environment of plant also becomes severe therewith；The plant of High aititude is for a long time severe
Gold is grown, therefore adaptation that can be quickly is grown in the environment in low altitude area, and the plant of low altitude area then cannot, in order to make skewer
The survival rate of seedlings plugging is high, wild cepehalotaxus fortunei of the female parent selection height above sea level in 1300~2100m.
It is further preferred that transplanting avoids strong illumination and hardening of cutting off the water in advance, it is to be considered based on survival rate, is specially
Cut off the water before transplanting 3~5 days, avoid strong illumination before nursery stock transplanting, during after transplanting time is at dusk 5 or morning 10 with
Before.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail：
Embodiment 1：A kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei, concretely comprise the following steps：
1）Selection of land：Selection has a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are unobstructed, fertility is good, and height above sea level is gentle, native in 800m, PH 5.5, physical features
Layer thickness is more than 50cm, short texture, containing the farmland more than humus.
2）The preparation of slotting machine：A, site preparation：Advance site preparation, 30cm is ploughed deeply using small-sized rotary tiller, and removes tree root and weeds,
Make high 15cm, the seedling furrow of wide 1.2m, b, basal dressing：The decomposed base manure of 1cm thickness is applied, the granularity of one layer of 3cm is on seedling furrow upper berth
1mm river sands；C, disinfect：Slotting machine is sprayed with 0.2% potassium permanganate before cuttage.
3）Preparation before cuttage：A, fringe is cut：Carried out in 2 months to mid-March, select the age of tree to be more than 5 years, height above sea level exists
The wild cepehalotaxus fortunei of 1300m selects lifes in 1 year~3 years, the branch conduct of thick 0.5~0.8cm lignifyings on elite stand as elite stand
Fringe bar, the general 8cm of length, every is stayed one " top tip ", remaining side shoot, blade are all wiped out, and are whittled at minor matters with blade
Horseshoe angle is as mouth under fringe bar；B, preserve：Fringe bar pays attention to moisturizing, and shading preserves, and the time is no more than 5 days；C, handle：Cuttage
Preceding that cuttings base portion is immersed in 1h in 0.15% carbendazim solution, it is spare that root-inducing powder is dipped in taking-up.
4）Cuttage and insert after manage：According to seeding row spacing 6cm × 8cm or 8cm × 10cm, cuttings buries 1/2, is irrigated after inserting
Water, poured one time of nutrition liquid every 5 days afterwards；With 0.5% urea top dressing after cuttage seedling rooting, every 20 days once；June combines
Pest control, the potassium sulphate fertilizer of foliage-spray 0.05% 1 time；Apply concentration 1% July, N, P, K ratio are 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 sulphur
Suan Jia types composite fertilizer 2 times；Remain that seedbed moistens to seedling growth animated period after cuttage.
5）Weeding, insect prevention：During weeding, accomplish " except it is early, except it is small, except ", grassy weed can be in 1~3 leaf phase with " lid grass
Can " weeding, or with covering with ground sheeting seedbed to reduce weeds；With green Pepsi, aphid lice is net, imidacloprid, goes out and sweeps profit, dimehypo, efficient
The environment-friendly pesticides such as chlorine fluorine cyanogen chrysanthemum fat regard harmful organism a situation arises desinsection.
6）Outplanting：Late Febuary~early April, selects 1 year or life in 2 years, well developed root system, terminal bud are full, leaf color is deep
Nursery stock green, without the Harmful Biohazard of Forestry and mechanical damage, according to high more than 30cm, more than diameter 0.4cm, branch 2 take turns with
Upper screening, lifting is carried out at cloudy day or dusk, if antecedent soil moisture is hard, should be irrigated water or irrigation playing a before seedling, be played after seedling root relief,
Nursery stock carries out the safeguard measure for preventing wind, insolation, damage in handling process.
7）Forest land prepares：Height above sea level 600m is selected, 30 ° of the gradient is following, sunny, and soil thickness is more than 50cm, fertile, thin
Loose, well-drained waste mountain waste, deserted mountain are split grass, are then cultivated entirely along contour banding comprehensively, remove miscellaneous filling, cogongrass head.
8）Site preparation digs cave：Bright cave is dug by seeding row spacing band is interior, returns table soil, according to different forest land conditions, triangular arrangement,
Cave specification：Long 40cm × wide 40cm × depth 40cm, seeding row spacing 25cm, 2500 plants/hm of planting density2。
9）Basal dressing：Often spread manuer in holes calcium magnesium phosphate 250g, is fully mixed thoroughly with subsoil.
10）Transplanting：Cut off the water before transplanting 3~5 days, strong illumination is avoided before nursery stock transplanting, transplanting time, which is preferably selected in, to be close to
Before during after during evening 5 or morning 10, nursery stock is placed in cave, transplants upper 5~8cm at blinding to foundation, pays attention to root when planting seedling
System unfold, under urgent, upper cover loosen the soil.
11）Young growth manages：A, once, concrete operations are for 1 month nitrogen fertilizer application or organic fertilizer after afforestation survives：In tree crown periphery
1m scopes plough deeply 10~15cm of soil, 25g/ plants of the nitrogen fertilizer application at from 15~20cm of tree stump；B, after afforesting in 6~9 months, with reference to
Weeding applies N, P, K ratio and is 15 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2 times：In first time August, dose 25g/ plants of the last ten-days period, second
Go up secondary November, dose 50g/ plants of the middle ten days, earthing after fertilising；C, apply fertilizer with reference to weeding within the 2nd year~3 years after afforesting, every year
Apply N, P, K ratio and be 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2 times, first time dose is 50g/ plants, and second of dose is
100g/ plants；
12）Tree body management：Benefit pocket was carried out with the 2nd year then in afforestation, carries out appropriate trimming and tree body shaping；
13）Grow into forest management：The 4th year~6 years after afforestation, carry out expanding cave weeding fertilising every year, by expanding cave year by year, cave is connected
Into band, N, P, K ratio are mixed and applied by annual July~August for 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers with organic commercial fertilizer by 1 ︰ 1
With dose：100g/ plants after composite fertilizer mixes with organic commercial fertilizer；Expand cave after annual harvesting in November to foster, and apply N, P, K ratio
Example is 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, dose：100g/ plants；
14）Pest control：Carry out Harmful monitoring and surveying, take based on biological control, physical control and
Aggregate measures supplemented by chemical prevention, are prevented or non-environmental pollution control measure, 45 days disabling chemical pesticides before harvesting.
15）Foliage top dressing：Prevented with reference to Harmful, foliage top dressing, water, boron are carried out in early August~early September
Fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea ratio are 15000 ︰, 30 ︰, 50 ︰ 100.
16）Picking：Picked by the maturity period, in late June end~early November picking.
Embodiment 2：A kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei, concretely comprise the following steps：
1）Selection of land：Selection has a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are unobstructed, fertility is good, and height above sea level is gentle, native in 1000m, PH 5.8, physical features
Layer thickness is more than 50cm, short texture, the vacant lot containing the hillside middle and lower part more than humus.
2）The preparation of slotting machine：A, site preparation：Advance site preparation, 40cm is ploughed deeply using small-sized rotary tiller, and removes tree root and weeds,
Make high 18cm, the seedling furrow of wide 1.4m, b, basal dressing：The decomposed base manure of 2cm thickness is applied, the granularity of one layer of 4cm is on seedling furrow upper berth
1.5mm river sand；C, disinfect：Slotting machine is sprayed with 0.2% formalin solution before cuttage.
3）Preparation before cuttage：A, fringe is cut：Carried out in 2 months to mid-March, select the age of tree to be more than 5 years, height above sea level exists
The wild cepehalotaxus fortunei of 1300m selects lifes in 1 year~3 years, the branch conduct of thick 0.5~0.8cm lignifyings on elite stand as elite stand
Fringe bar, the general 10cm of length, every is stayed one " top tip ", remaining side shoot, blade are all wiped out, and are whittled at minor matters with blade
Horseshoe angle is as mouth under fringe bar；B, preserve：Fringe bar pays attention to moisturizing, and shading preserves, and the time is no more than 5 days；C, handle：Cuttage
Preceding that cuttings base portion is immersed in 1.5h in 0.01% carbendazim solution, it is spare that root-inducing powder is dipped in taking-up.
4）Cuttage and insert after manage：According to seeding row spacing 6cm × 8cm or 8cm × 10cm, cuttings buries 3/5, is irrigated after inserting
Water, poured one time of nutrition liquid every 5 days afterwards；With 0.8% urea top dressing after cuttage seedling rooting, every 20 days once；June combines
Pest control, the potassium sulphate fertilizer of foliage-spray 0.08% 1 time；Apply concentration 1.5% July, N, P, K ratio are 25 ︰, 15 ︰ 15
Potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 2 times；Remain that seedbed moistens to seedling growth animated period after cuttage.
5）Weeding, insect prevention：During weeding, accomplish " except it is early, except it is small, except ", grassy weed can be in 1~3 leaf phase with " lid grass
Can " weeding, or with covering with ground sheeting seedbed to reduce weeds；With green Pepsi, aphid lice is net, imidacloprid, goes out and sweeps profit, dimehypo, efficient
The environment-friendly pesticides such as chlorine fluorine cyanogen chrysanthemum fat regard harmful organism a situation arises desinsection.
6）Outplanting：Late Febuary~early April, selects 1 year or life in 2 years, well developed root system, terminal bud are full, leaf color is deep
Nursery stock green, without the Harmful Biohazard of Forestry and mechanical damage, according to high more than 30cm, more than diameter 0.4cm, branch 2 take turns with
Upper screening, lifting is carried out at cloudy day or dusk, if antecedent soil moisture is hard, should be irrigated water or irrigation playing a before seedling, be played after seedling root relief,
Nursery stock carries out the safeguard measure for preventing wind, insolation, damage in handling process.
7）Forest land prepares：Select height above sea level 1500m, 30 ° of the gradient is following, sunny, soil thickness more than 50cm, it is fertile,
Loose, well-drained waste mountain waste, deserted mountain are split grass, are then cultivated entirely along contour banding comprehensively, remove miscellaneous filling, cogongrass head.
8）Site preparation digs cave：Bright cave is dug by seeding row spacing band is interior, returns table soil, according to different forest land conditions, triangular arrangement,
Cave specification：Long 40cm × wide 40cm × depth 40cm, seeding row spacing 25cm, 2500 plants/hm of planting density2。
9）Basal dressing：Often spread manuer in holes calcium magnesium phosphate 250g, is fully mixed thoroughly with subsoil.
10）Transplanting：Cut off the water before transplanting 3~5 days, strong illumination is avoided before nursery stock transplanting, transplanting time, which is preferably selected in, to be close to
Before during after during evening 5 or morning 10, nursery stock is placed in cave, transplants upper 5~8cm at blinding to foundation, pays attention to root when planting seedling
System unfold, under urgent, upper cover loosen the soil.
11）Young growth manages：A, once, concrete operations are for 1 month nitrogen fertilizer application or organic fertilizer after afforestation survives：In tree crown periphery
1m scopes plough deeply 10~15cm of soil, 35g/ plants of the nitrogen fertilizer application at from 15~20cm of tree stump；B, after afforesting in 6~9 months, with reference to
Weeding applies N, P, K ratio and is 15 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2 times：In first time August, dose 40g/ plants of the last ten-days period, second
Go up secondary November, dose 80g/ plants of the middle ten days, earthing after fertilising；C, apply fertilizer with reference to weeding within the 2nd year~3 years after afforesting, every year
Apply N, P, K ratio and be 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2 times, first time dose is 80g/ plants, and second of dose is
150g/ plants；
12）Tree body management：Benefit pocket was carried out with the 2nd year then in afforestation, carries out appropriate trimming and tree body shaping；
13）Grow into forest management：The 4th year~6 years after afforestation, carry out expanding cave weeding fertilising every year, by expanding cave year by year, cave is connected
Into band, N, P, K ratio are mixed and applied by annual July~August for 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers with organic commercial fertilizer by 1 ︰ 1
With dose：130g/ plants after composite fertilizer mixes with organic commercial fertilizer；Expand cave after annual harvesting in November to foster, and apply N, P, K ratio
Example is 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, dose：150g/ plants；
14）Pest control：Carry out Harmful monitoring and surveying, take based on biological control, physical control and
Aggregate measures supplemented by chemical prevention, are prevented or non-environmental pollution control measure, 45 days disabling chemical pesticides before harvesting.
15）Foliage top dressing：Prevented with reference to Harmful, foliage top dressing, water, boron are carried out in early August~early September
Fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea ratio are 15000 ︰, 30 ︰, 50 ︰ 150.
16）Picking：Picked by the maturity period, in late September end~early December picking.
Embodiment 3：A kind of cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei, concretely comprise the following steps：
1）Selection of land：Selection has a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are unobstructed, fertility is good, and height above sea level is gentle, native in 1300m, PH 6.0, physical features
Layer thickness is more than 50cm, short texture, the vacant lot containing the hillside middle and lower part more than humus.
2）The preparation of slotting machine：A, site preparation：Advance site preparation, 40cm is ploughed deeply using small-sized rotary tiller, and removes tree root and weeds,
Make high 18cm, the seedling furrow of wide 1.4m, b, basal dressing：The decomposed base manure of 3cm thickness is applied, the granularity of one layer of 4cm is on seedling furrow upper berth
1.5mm river sand；C, disinfect：Slotting machine is sprayed with 0.3% formalin solution before cuttage.
3）Preparation before cuttage：A, fringe is cut：Carried out in 2 months to mid-March, select the age of tree to be more than 5 years, height above sea level exists
The wild cepehalotaxus fortunei of 1300m selects lifes in 1 year~3 years, the branch conduct of thick 0.5~0.8cm lignifyings on elite stand as elite stand
Fringe bar, the general 10cm of length, every is stayed one " top tip ", remaining side shoot, blade are all wiped out, and are whittled at minor matters with blade
Horseshoe angle is as mouth under fringe bar；B, preserve：Fringe bar pays attention to moisturizing, and shading preserves, and the time is no more than 5 days；C, handle：Cuttage
Preceding that cuttings base portion is immersed in 1.5h in 0.01% carbendazim solution, it is spare that root-inducing powder is dipped in taking-up.
4）Cuttage and insert after manage：According to seeding row spacing 6cm × 8cm or 8cm × 10cm, cuttings buries 3/4, is irrigated after inserting
Water, poured one time of nutrition liquid every 5 days afterwards；With 1% urea top dressing after cuttage seedling rooting, every 20 days once；June is combined with
Evil biological control, the potassium sulphate fertilizer of foliage-spray 0.08% 1 time；Apply concentration 1.5% July, N, P, K ratio are 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 sulphur
Suan Jia types composite fertilizer 3 times；Remain that seedbed moistens to seedling growth animated period after cuttage.
5）Weeding, insect prevention：During weeding, accomplish " except it is early, except it is small, except ", grassy weed can be in 1~3 leaf phase with " lid grass
Can " weeding, or with covering with ground sheeting seedbed to reduce weeds；With green Pepsi, aphid lice is net, imidacloprid, goes out and sweeps profit, dimehypo, efficient
The environment-friendly pesticides such as chlorine fluorine cyanogen chrysanthemum fat regard harmful organism a situation arises desinsection.
6）Outplanting：Late Febuary~early April, selects 1 year or life in 2 years, well developed root system, terminal bud are full, leaf color is deep
Nursery stock green, without the Harmful Biohazard of Forestry and mechanical damage, according to high more than 30cm, more than diameter 0.4cm, branch 2 take turns with
Upper screening, lifting is carried out at cloudy day or dusk, if antecedent soil moisture is hard, should be irrigated water or irrigation playing a before seedling, be played after seedling root relief,
Nursery stock carries out the safeguard measure for preventing wind, insolation, damage in handling process.
7）Forest land prepares：Select height above sea level 2100m, 30 ° of the gradient is following, sunny, soil thickness more than 50cm, it is fertile,
Loose, well-drained waste mountain waste, deserted mountain are split grass, are then cultivated entirely along contour banding comprehensively, remove miscellaneous filling, cogongrass head.
8）Site preparation digs cave：Bright cave is dug by seeding row spacing band is interior, returns table soil, according to different forest land conditions, triangular arrangement,
Cave specification：Long 40cm × wide 40cm × depth 40cm, seeding row spacing 60cm, 3500 plants/hm2 of planting density.
9）Basal dressing：Often spread manuer in holes calcium magnesium phosphate 250g, is fully mixed thoroughly with subsoil.
10）Transplanting：Cut off the water before transplanting 3~5 days, strong illumination is avoided before nursery stock transplanting, transplanting time, which is preferably selected in, to be close to
Before during after during evening 5 or morning 10, nursery stock is placed in cave, transplants upper 5~8cm at blinding to foundation, pays attention to root when planting seedling
System unfold, under urgent, upper cover loosen the soil.
11）Young growth manages：A, once, concrete operations are for 2 months nitrogen fertilizer applications or organic fertilizer after afforestation survives：In tree crown periphery
1m scopes plough deeply 10~15cm of soil, 50g/ plants of the nitrogen fertilizer application at from 15~20cm of tree stump；B, after afforesting in 6~9 months, with reference to
Weeding applies N, P, K ratio and is 15 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2 times：In first time August, dose 40g/ plants of the last ten-days period, second
Go up secondary November, dose 100g/ plants of the middle ten days, earthing after fertilising；C, apply fertilizer with reference to weeding within the 2nd year~3 years after afforesting, every year
Apply N, P, K ratio and be 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2 times, first time dose is 100g/ plants, and second of dose is
200g/ plants；
12）Tree body management：Benefit pocket was carried out with the 2nd year then in afforestation, carries out appropriate trimming and tree body shaping；
13）Grow into forest management：The 4th year~6 years after afforestation, carry out expanding cave weeding fertilising every year, by expanding cave year by year, cave is connected
Into band, N, P, K ratio are mixed and applied by annual July~August for 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers with organic commercial fertilizer by 1 ︰ 1
With dose：Composite fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer 1:100g/ plants after 1 mixing；Expand cave after annual harvesting in November to foster, and apply N, P, K ratio and be
25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, dose：200g/ plants；
14）Pest control：Carry out Harmful monitoring and surveying, take based on biological control, physical control and
Aggregate measures supplemented by chemical prevention, are prevented or non-environmental pollution control measure, 45 days disabling chemical pesticides before harvesting.
15）Foliage top dressing：Prevented with reference to Harmful, foliage top dressing, water, boron are carried out in early August~early September
Fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea ratio are 15000 ︰, 30 ︰, 50 ︰ 150.
16）Picking：Picked by the maturity period, in late September end~early December picking.
Claims (3)
1. the cuttage implantation methods of a kind of cepehalotaxus fortunei, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
1) selection of land：Height above sea level is selected in 800~1300m, PH5.5~6.0, physical features is gentle, short texture, containing the farmland more than humus
Or the vacant lot of hillside middle and lower part；
2) preparation of slotting machine：A, site preparation：Advance site preparation, ploughs deeply 30~50cm, removes tree root and weeds, makes high 15~20cm,
The seedling furrow of wide 1.2~1.5m；B, basal dressing：The decomposed base manure of 1~3cm thickness is applied, the granularity of one layer of 3~5cm is 1 on seedling furrow upper berth
The river sand of~2mm；C, disinfect：Before cuttage with 0.2~0.3% potassium permanganate or 0.2~0.3% formalin solution
Slotting machine is sprayed；
3) preparation before cuttage：A, fringe is cut：Carried out in 2 months to mid-March, select cepehalotaxus fortunei of the age of tree more than 5 years as elite stand,
Lifes in 1 year~3 years, the branch of thick 0.5~0.8cm lignifyings on selection elite stand, are cut into the fringe bar of long 8~12cm；B, preserve：Fringe
Bar pays attention to moisturizing, and shading preserves, and the time is no more than 5 days；C, handle：Cuttings base portion is immersed in 0.01~0.15% before cuttage
1~2h in carbendazim solution, it is spare that root-inducing powder is dipped in taking-up；
4) cuttage and insert after manage：According to seeding row spacing 6cm × 8cm or 8cm × 10cm, cuttings buries 1/2~3/4, is poured after inserting
It is permeable, afterwards one time of nutrition liquid was poured every 5 days；With 0.5~1% urea top dressing after cuttage seedling rooting, every 20 days once；June
Part combines pest control, the potassium sulphate fertilizer of foliage-spray 0.05~0.1% 1~2 time, applies concentration 1~1.5% July, N,
P, K ratios are 25 ︰, 15 ︰, 15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizers 2~3 times；
5) outplanting：Late Febuary~early April, selects 1 year or life in 2 years, high more than 30cm, more than diameter 0.4cm, branch 2
The nursery stock of the above is taken turns, lifting is carried out at cloudy day or dusk；
6) forest land prepares：Select 600~2100m of height above sea level, 30 ° of the gradient is following, sunny, soil thickness more than 50cm, it is fertile,
Loose, well-drained waste mountain waste, deserted mountain is split grass, is cultivated entirely along contour banding comprehensively；
7) site preparation digs cave：It is interior by the bright cave of seeding row spacing digging in band, return table soil, 25~60cm of seeding row spacing, planting density 2500~3500
Strain/hm2；
8) basal dressing：Often spread manuer in holes calcium magnesium phosphate 250g, or presses 6 with farm manure and calcium superphosphate：1 ratio mixing after fermentation 15~
20 days, often spreaded manuer in holes 1~2kg, is fully mixed thoroughly with subsoil；
9) transplant：Nursery stock is uprightly put into cave, transplant blinding to foundation at upper 5~8cm, plant seedling when pay attention to root system unfold, under
Urgent, upper cover is loosened the soil；
10) young growth manages：A, afforestation survives rear 1 month~2 months nitrogen fertilizer applications or organic fertilizer once；B, 6~9 months after afforesting
It is interior, apply potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 2 times, in first time August, 25~50g/ of dose plants of the last ten-days period, second of November is upper, the middle ten days fertilising
50~100g/ plants of amount, earthing after fertilising；C, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied 2 times within the 2nd year~3 years after afforesting, first time dose is
50~100g/ plants, second of dose is 100~200g/ plants；
11) tree body management：In afforestation pocket, trimming and tree body shaping were mended with the 2nd year then；
12) grow into forest management：The 4th year~6 years after afforestation, carry out expanding cave weeding fertilising every year, by expanding cave year by year, cave is linked to be
Potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is mixed administration, dose by band, annual July~August with organic commercial fertilizer or nitrogenous fertilizer：Potassium sulfate type is compound
Fertilizer and organic commercial fertilizer 1:100~150g/ plants after 1 mixing, composite fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer 1:50~100g/ plants after 1 mixing；Annual November
Expand cave after harvesting to foster, and apply potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, dose：100~200g/ plants；
13) pest control：Carry out Harmful monitoring and surveying, take based on biological control, physical control and chemistry
Aggregate measures supplemented by prevention, are prevented or non-environmental pollution control measure, 45 days disabling chemical pesticides before harvesting；
14) foliage top dressing：Prevented with reference to Harmful, foliage top dressing is carried out in early August~early September.
2. the cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 3), elite stand choosing
Select wild cepehalotaxus fortunei of the height above sea level in 1300~2100m.
3. the cuttage implantation methods of cepehalotaxus fortunei according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 9), before transplanting
Cut off the water 3~5 days, avoid strong illumination before nursery stock transplanting, during after transplanting time is at dusk 5 or morning 10 before.
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