CN105018451A - 枯草杆菌酶变体 - Google Patents
枯草杆菌酶变体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105018451A CN105018451A CN201510367395.3A CN201510367395A CN105018451A CN 105018451 A CN105018451 A CN 105018451A CN 201510367395 A CN201510367395 A CN 201510367395A CN 105018451 A CN105018451 A CN 105018451A
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- subtilase
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102200131574 rs11556620 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220047267 rs2729509 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003607 serino group Chemical group [H]N([H])[C@]([H])(C(=O)[*])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UNFWWIHTNXNPBV-WXKVUWSESA-N spectinomycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](NC)[C@@H](O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O1)O)NC)[C@]2(O)[C@H]1O[C@H](C)CC2=O UNFWWIHTNXNPBV-WXKVUWSESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000268 spectinomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002103 transcriptional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
- C12N9/50—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25)
- C12N9/52—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from bacteria or Archaea
- C12N9/54—Proteinases, e.g. Endopeptidases (3.4.21-3.4.25) derived from bacteria or Archaea bacteria being Bacillus
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- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
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- C12Y304/00—Hydrolases acting on peptide bonds, i.e. peptidases (3.4)
- C12Y304/21—Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
- C12Y304/21062—Subtilisin (3.4.21.62)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
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Abstract
本发明涉及枯草杆菌酶变体,更具体地,本发明涉及在一种或多种特性上与亲本枯草杆菌酶不同的新枯草杆菌酶变体,所述特性包括:洗涤性能、热稳定性、储藏稳定性或催化活性。本发明的变体适用于例如清洁或洗涤剂组合物,如洗衣洗涤剂组合物和洗盘组合物,包括自动洗盘组合物中。
Description
本申请是申请日为2003年11月05日、申请号为“201010167560.8”、名称为“枯草杆菌酶变体”的发明专利申请(其为申请日为2003年11月05日、申请号为“200380102792.3”、国际申请号为PCT/DK2003/000756)的分案申请)的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及在一种或多种特性上与亲本枯草杆菌酶不同的新枯草杆菌酶(subtilase)变体,所述特性包括:洗涤性能、热稳定性、储藏稳定性或催化活性。本发明的变体适用于例如清洁或洗涤剂组合物,如洗衣洗涤剂组合物和洗盘组合物,包括自动洗盘组合物中。本发明还涉及编码所述变体的经分离DNA序列、表达载体、宿主细胞,以及产生和使用本发明变体的方法。而且,本发明涉及包含本发明变体的清洁和洗涤剂组合物。
背景技术
在洗涤剂工业中,酶已在洗涤制剂中使用了30年以上。用于这些制剂的酶包括蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶和其它酶或它们的混合物。商业上最为重要的酶是蛋白酶。
数量不断增长的商用蛋白酶是天然存在的野生型蛋白酶的蛋白质工程化变体,如 和(Novozymes A/S)、MaxataseTM、MaxacalTM、MaxapemTM、ProperaseTM、PurafectTM、Purafect OxPTM、FN2TM、FN3TM和FN4TM(Genencor International,Inc.)。而且,本领域描述了许多蛋白酶变体。WO 99/27082中给出了现有技术中蛋白酶变体的完整列表。
虽然已描述了大量有用的蛋白酶变体,但是对于许多工业应用,例如洗衣或硬表面清洁而言,仍需要新的改进的蛋白酶或蛋白酶变体。因此,本发明的一个目的是提供改进的枯草杆菌酶变体用于此类目的。
发明内容
因此,在第一方面,本发明涉及如下的枯草杆菌酶变体:
a)其至少包含在62位、68位、97位、98位、99位、106位、131位、170位、245位、252位的一处或多处对氨基酸残基K、H、R、E、D、Q、N、C、V、L、I、P、M、F、W、Y、G、A、S、T之一的插入、替代或缺失与至少一个下列修饰的组合:
*0AQSVPWG;A1T,V;Q2L;S3T,A,L;V4L,A;I8V,T;S9G,D,R,K,L,V;R10H,K;V11A;Q12D;
A13V;P14S,T,D,A,M,V,K,Q,L,H,R,I;A15M,T;A16P;H17R;N18S,H;R19W,K,L,F,G,I;
G20*,R,A;L21F,LP,LW,LA,LG;T22S,A,K,TV,TG,TL,TW,TV,G,L,TY;G23S;S24P;K27R,
V28I;V30I;I35T,V;T38S;P40L;N43D;R45H,K;G46D;A48T;S49N;F50S;V51A,I,D;P52V,A;
P55S,A;S57P;G61E,D,S,R,GP;N62D,ND,NE,DE,NG,E,S;V68A,S,L,I;T71A;I72V;L75I;
N76S,D;N77S;S78T;V81A;A85T;S87C;A88V,T;E89G;K94N;V95C,T;L96LA,LG;
G97E,D,W,A,GG,GA,GV,N,GS;A98S,D,E,T,AS,AD,AV,AE,AH,Q,N,M,L,G,R,V,S;
S99D,L,A,AD,SD,SM,SG,DA,P,G,N,C,M,V,I;G100S,GE,C;S101SA,SK;G102D,S;
S103D,E,Y,L,Q,H,T;V104T,S,R,I,N,M,L,D;S106D,E,T,M,G,A,L,F,I;I107T,V,M;A108V,T,S;
L111I,V;A114V;N116S,D;G118D;M119L,I,V,A,S;H120N,D,Q,K,E,Y,S;V121A;L124C;
L126I;G127E;S128N,I,G,C;P129PSN,T,E,D,S,N,A;S130P,T,C,*;
P131M,F,W,L,A,H,T,*,PA,S,Q,R,E,G,D,C;S132G,T;A133ASA;T134A;Q137H,E,D;A138G,V;
V139L,I;N140D,K;T143A;S144D,N,P;R145G;V150I;A151V,G;A152P;A158T,V,C,E,L,D,
M;G160A,D;S163G,C,N,A;Y167K,A,I;A168G;A169G;R170C,S,H,L;Y171C;A172V;
N173D;A174V;M175L,I,V,A,S,T;N183D;N184D,S;N185S,D;R186L,C,H;S188G;S190A;
Y192H;G195F,E;V203S,A,L,Q,M,F,I;N204T,D,S;Q206L;Y209C,H;G211D;S212N,L;
T213A;Y214C,H;A215D,T;N218D,S;M222L,I,V,A,S;A223G;T224A,S;A228T;A230V;
A232S,L,T,P;V234I;Q236A,L,D,T,C,M,F,S;K237R;N238D;P239T,S;S240F;S242T;
V244I,M,A;Q245R,K,E,D,T,F,N,V,W,G,I,S,C,L,A,M;N248P,D,S;K251E,R;
N252G,H,D,V,M,S,T,E,Y,S,Q,K,A,L;A254S;T255A,S;S256N,R,G;L257G;G258K,
S259A,N,G;T260A,R;N261D;L262S,Q,V;Y263H,F;G264E;S265G,R,N;V268L,I;N269T;
N296K;E271A;T274S,L,A,R或
b)其至少包含一个下列组合变体:
A108T+L111V;L124I+S125A;P129S+S130AT;L96LA+A151G+V203A;
S49N+V203L+N218D;S3T+A16P+R45C+G100S+A230V;I8V+R19K+V139I;
N76D+A174AL+A194P+A230V;N185R;N62NE;H120Q+Q137E,G61GE,G61GS,G100L,
A133D,V68A,N123D,L111F+Y263H,V11A+G61GE+V227A+S240F,A133E+S144K+N218D,
S128A+P129S+S130SP,S9R+A15T+T22TQ+S101P,S9R+A15T+H120R+Q137D+N173S,
G97E,Q245W,S9R+A15T+L96LG+Q137E+Y209H,S9R+A15T+L111V+Q137E+G211D,
S9R+A15T+L111I+Q137E,S9R+A15T+L111I+H120N+Q137E,
S9R+A15T+L96LG+H120Q+Q137E,S9R+A15T+T260M,S9R+A15T,Q245I,
S9R+A15T+H120G+Q137E+N218D,S9R+A15T+S130P,Q245F,S9R+A15T+N218D,
G63E+N76D+A194P+A230V,S9R+A15T+T224A,G100S,S9R+A15T+D60DG,
A138V+V139I+A194P+N218D+A230V,A108V+A169G+R170A+Y171H,
I8V+P14L+R19L+V30I+I35V+S57P+P129S+Q137D+S144D+S256N,A133D+T134S+Q137A,
Q137D,A98AH,V51D,Q12E+P14L+A15T,G63E+N76D+A194P+A230V,Q12E+P14L+A15T,
G97GS或
c)其至少包含在位置68处的一种或多种修饰,其中所述修饰包含:对选自K、H、R、E、D、Q、N、C、V、L、I、P、M、F、W、Y、G、A、S和T的氨基酸残基进行缺失、插入和/或替代。
第二方面,本发明涉及如下的枯草杆菌酶变体:
a)其包含对一个或多个下列修饰
X62D,XD,XE,XG,DE
X68A,S,L,I
X97E,D,W,A,N,XG,XA,XV,XS
X98S,D,E,T,XS,XD,XV
X99D,L,A,P,G,N,AD,XD,XM,XG,DA
X106D,E,T,M,G,A,L,F,I
X131M,F,W,L,A,H,T,*,S,Q,R,E,G,XA
X170C,S,H
X245R,K,E,D,T,F,N,V,W,G,I,S,C,L,A
X252G,H,D,V,M,S,T,E,Y,S,Q,K
与至少一个下列修饰:
*0AQSVPWG;A1T,V;Q2L;S3T,A,L;V4L,A;I8V,T;S9G,D,R,K,L,V;R10H,K;V11A;Q12D;
A13V;P14S,T,D,A,M,V,K,Q,L,H,R,I;A15M,T;A16P;H17R;N18S,H;R19W,K,L,F,G,I;
G20*,R,A;L21F,LP,LW,LA,LG;T22S,A,K,TV,TG,TL,TW,TV,G,L,TY;G23S;S24P;K27R,
V28I;V30I;I35T,V;T38S;P40L;N43D;R45H,K;G46D;A48T;S49N;F60S;V51A,I,D;P52V,A;
P55S,A;S57P;G61E,D,S,R,GP;N62D,ND,NE,DE,NG,E,S;V68A,S,L,I;T71A;I72V;L75I;
N76S,D;N77S;S78T;V81A;A85T;S87C;A88V,T;E89G;K94N;V95C,T;L96LA,LG;
G97E,D,W,A,GG,GA,GV,N,GS;A98S,D,E,T,AS,AD,AV,AE,AH,Q,N,M,L,G,R,V,S;
S99D,L,A,AD,SD,SM,SG,DA,P,G,N,C,M,V,I;G100S,GE,C;S101SA,SK;G102D,S;
S103D,E,Y,L,Q,H,T;V104T,S,R,I,N,M,L,D;S106D,E,T,M,G,A,L,F,I;I107T,V,M;A108V,T,S;
L111I,V;A114V;N116S,D;G118D;M119L,I,V,A,S;H120N,D,Q,K,E,Y,S;V121A;L124C;
L126I;G127E;S128N,I,G,C;P129PSN,T,E,D,S,N,A;S130P,T,C,*;
P131M,F,W,L,A,H,T,*,PA,S,Q,R,E,G,D,C;S132G,T;A133ASA;T134A;Q137H,E,D;A138G,V;
V139L,I;N140D,K;T143A;S144D,N,P;R145G;V150I;A151V,G;A152P;A158T,V,C,E,L,D,
M;G160A,D;S163G,C,N,A;Y167K,A,I;A168G;A169G;R170C,S,H,L;Y171C;A172V;
N173D;A174V;M175L,I,V,A,S,T;N183D;N184D,S;N185S,D;R186L,C,H;S188G;S190A;
Y192H;G195F,E;V203S,A,L,Q,M,F,I;N204T,D,S;Q206L;Y209C,H;G211D;S212N,L;
T213A;Y214C,H;A215D,T;N218D,S;M222L,I,V,A,S;A223G;T224A,S;A228T;A230V;
A232S,L,T,P;V234I;Q236A,L,D,T,C,M,F,S;K237R;N238D;P239T,S;S240F;S242T;
V244I,M,A;Q245R,K,E,D,T,F,N,V,W,G,I,S,C,L,A,M;N248P,D,S;K251E,R;
N252G,H,D,V,M,S,T,E,Y,S,Q,K,A,L;A254S;T255A,S;S256N,R,G;L257G;G258K,
S259A,N,G;T260A,R;N261D;L262S,Q,V;Y263H,F;G264E;S265G,R,N;V268L,I;N269T;
N296K;E271A;T274S,L,A,R.
进行的组合。
第三方面,本发明涉及包含下面表I中公开的至少一处改变的枯草杆菌酶变体:
表I:具有一处或多处改变的本发明枯草杆菌酶变体:
其中
(a)表I的变体显示蛋白酶活性,且
(b)每一位置都对应于图1和SEQ ID NO:1所示的枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN’氨基酸序列的位置。
第四方面,本发明涉及编码本发明枯草杆菌酶变体的经分离多核苷酸。
第五方面,本发明涉及包含本发明的经分离多核苷酸的表达载体。
第六方面,本发明涉及用本发明的表达载体转化的微生物宿主细胞。
第七方面,本发明涉及用于产生本发明枯草杆菌酶变体的方法,其中在有利于该变体表达和分泌的条件下培养本发明的宿主,并回收该变体。
第八方面,本发明涉及包含本发明变体的清洁或洗涤剂组合物,优选地为包含本发明变体的洗衣或洗盘组合物。
第九方面,本发明涉及包含下面表II中公开的至少一处改变的枯草杆菌酶变体:
表II:具有一处或多处改变的本发明枯草杆菌酶变体:
其中
(a)表II的变体显示蛋白酶活性,且
(b)每一位置都对应于图1和SEQ ID NO:1所示的枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN’氨基酸序列的位置。
第十方面,本发明涉及包含N252D和N252M中的一种改变的枯草杆菌酶变体。
第十一方面,本发明涉及这样的枯草杆菌酶变体,其包含M119L、I、V、A、S;M175L、I、V、A、S和M222L、I、V、A、S中的一个或多个改变与上述表I和II所列的枯草杆菌酶变体的组合。
关于序列比对和编号参考图1,该图显示在枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN'(a)(BASBPN)和枯草杆菌蛋白酶309(b)(BLSAVI)之间的序列比对。在本专利申请中此序列比对(alignment)用作对残基进行编号的参照。
定义
在更详细地讨论本发明之前,首先定义以下的术语和约定。
对氨基酸和核酸命名法的详细描述,我们参照WO 00/71691的始于第5页的部分,此处引用作为参考。
变体名称的命名法和约定
在描述本发明产生的或考虑的多种枯草杆菌酶变体时,采用以下的命名法和约定以易于参照:
首先通过将分离的酶或亲本酶与枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN'(BASBPN)比对来定义参考框。
可以由GCG软件包9.1版的GAP程序对变体进行编号而获得序列比对,其间使用了以下参数:缺口(gap)创建罚分=8,缺口延伸罚分=8,且所有的其它参数保持为它们的默认值。
另一种方法是使用枯草杆菌酶之间的已知公认比对,如在WO 91/00345中所示的序列比对。在大部分情况下,这些差异并不重要。
由此,可以相对BASBPN(SEQ ID NO:1)定义许多缺失和插入。在图1中,枯草杆菌蛋白酶309(SEQ ID NO:2)与BASBPN相比,在位置36、58、158、162、163和164位有6处缺失。这些缺失在图1中用星号(*)表示。
对于通过遗传操作而导入多肽中的修饰的命名法的详细描述,我们参照WO 00/71691的第7-12页,此处引用作为参考。
蛋白酶
断裂蛋白质底物中的酰胺键的酶归类为蛋白酶,或(可互换地)肽酶(见Walsh,1979,酶反应机理(Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms).W.H.Freemanand Company,San Francisco,第3章)。
氨基酸位置/残基的编号
如果没有另外指出,本文所用的氨基酸编号对应于枯草杆菌酶BPN'(BASBPN)序列的氨基酸编号。对BPN'序列的详细描述,参见图1或Siezen等,蛋白质工程(Protein Engng.)4(1991)719-737。
丝氨酸蛋白酶
丝氨酸蛋白酶是一种催化肽键水解的酶,其中在活性位点存在必需的丝氨酸残基(White,Handler和Smith,1973“生物化学原理(Principles ofBiochemistry),”第五版,McGraw-Hill Book公司,纽约,第271-272页)。细菌丝氨酸蛋白酶的分子量在20,000-45,000道尔顿的范围内。它们被二异丙基氟磷酸酯抑制。它们水解简单末端脂类,且其活性与真核生物糜蛋白酶(也是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶)相似。一个更为狭义的术语,碱性蛋白酶(包括一个亚组)反映某些丝氨酸蛋白酶的高pH最适值,为pH 9.0-11.0(综述参见Priest(1977)细菌学评论(Bacteriological Rev.)41:711-753)。
枯草杆菌酶
Siezen等,蛋白质工程,4(1991)719-737和Siezen等,蛋白质科学(Protein Science)6(1997)501-523提出丝氨酸蛋白酶的一个亚组,其暂称为枯草杆菌酶(subtilase)。它们是通过对170多个先前称为枯草杆菌蛋白酶样蛋白酶的丝氨酸蛋白酶的氨基酸序列进行同源性分析而定义的。枯草杆菌蛋白酶以前通常被定义为由革兰氏阳性细菌或真菌产生的丝氨酸蛋白酶,而现在根据Siezen等则为枯草杆菌酶的一个亚组。已鉴定了大量的枯草杆菌酶,并已测定了许多枯草杆菌酶的氨基酸序列。对此类枯草杆菌酶及其氨基酸序列的更详细描述参见Siezen等(1997)。
枯草杆菌酶的一个亚组,I-S1或"真"枯草杆菌蛋白酶,包含“经典的”枯草杆菌蛋白酶,如枯草杆菌蛋白酶168(BSS168)、枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN'、枯草杆菌蛋白酶Carlsberg(NOVOZYMES A/S)和枯草杆菌蛋白酶DY(BSSDY)。
Siezen等(引文同上)识别了枯草杆菌酶的另一亚组,I-S2或强碱性枯草杆菌蛋白酶。亚组I-S2蛋白酶被描述为强碱性枯草杆菌蛋白酶并包括例如:枯草杆菌蛋白酶PB92(BAALKP)(Gist-Brocades NV)、枯草杆菌蛋白酶309(NOVOZYMES A/S)、枯草杆菌蛋白酶147(BLS147)(NOVOZYMES A/S)和碱性弹性蛋白酶YaB(BSEYAB)。
由NOVOZYMES A/S销售。它是来自迟缓芽孢杆菌(B.Lentus)的枯草杆菌蛋白酶309,并且只在一个位置处(N87S)不同于BAALKP。具有在图1和SEQ ID NO:2中称为b)的氨基酸序列。
亲本枯草杆菌酶
术语“亲本枯草杆菌酶”描述根据Siezen等(1991和1997)定义的枯草杆菌酶。关于进一步的细节,参见以上“枯草杆菌酶”的描述。亲本枯草杆菌酶也可以是从天然来源分离的、并随后在保留枯草杆菌酶特征的情况下经过修饰的枯草杆菌酶。而且,亲本枯草杆菌酶还可以是通过如以下文献所述的DNA改组技术制备的枯草杆菌酶:J.E.Ness等,自然生物技术(NatureBiotechnology),17,893-896(1999)。术语“亲本枯草杆菌酶”可另外称为“野生型枯草杆菌酶”。
作为参考下表提供了此处所述多种枯草杆菌酶的简称,对于其它简称,参见Siezen等,蛋白质工程(Protein Engng.)4(1991)719-737和Siezen等,蛋白质科学(Protein Science)6(1997)501-523。
表III
枯草杆菌酶变体的修饰
本文所用的术语“修饰”定义为包括枯草杆菌酶的化学修饰以及对编码枯草杆菌酶的DNA所进行的遗传操作。修饰可以是氨基酸侧链的置换、目标氨基酸处的替换、缺失和/或插入。
枯草杆菌酶变体
在本发明的上下文中,术语枯草杆菌酶变体或突变的枯草杆菌酶指由表达突变基因的生物体产生的枯草杆菌酶,该突变基因来源于含原始或亲本基因并产生相应亲本酶的亲本微生物,其中为产生在适宜的宿主中表达时能产生所述的突变枯草杆菌酶的此突变基因,已经对所述亲本基因进行了突变。
同源枯草杆菌酶序列
在本上下文中,两种氨基酸序列之间的同源性用参数“同一性”描述。
为了确定两种枯草杆菌酶之间的同一性程度,可以应用(下文)GCG软件包9.1版的GAP程序以及相同的设定值。此程序的计算结果除了氨基酸序列比对外,还有两个序列之间的“同一性百分率”的计算结果。
根据此说明书,本领域技术人员可常规地鉴定可以根据本发明进行修饰的适宜同源性枯草杆菌酶。
分离的多核苷酸
术语“分离的”当应用于多核苷酸时是指该多核苷酸已经从其天然遗传环境中移出并因此不含其他外来或不需要的编码序列,并且该多核苷酸的存在形式适于在遗传工程化蛋白质生产系统中应用。此分离分子为那些从其天然环境中分离的分子并包括cDNA和基因组克隆。本发明的分离的DNA分子不含通常与之关联的其他基因,但可包含天然存在的5'和3'非翻译区如启动子和终止子。关联区域的鉴定对本领域内的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的(参见例如,Dynan和Tijan,自然(Nature)316:774-78,1985)。术语“分离的多核苷酸”另外可称为“克隆的多核苷酸”。
分离的蛋白质
术语“分离的”在应用于蛋白质时指此蛋白质已从其自然环境中移出。
在优选的形式中,分离的蛋白质基本上不含其它蛋白质,特别是不含其它同源蛋白质(即“同源杂质”(参见以下))。
通过SDS-PAGE测定,分离的蛋白质的纯度大于10%,优选大于20%,更优选大于30%。还优选提供高度纯化形式的蛋白质,即通过SDS-PAGE测定纯度大于40%,大于60%,大于80%,更优选大于95%,并最优选大于99%。
术语“分离的蛋白质”另外可称为“纯化的蛋白质”。
同源杂质
术语“同源杂质”意指任何来源于最初获得本发明枯草杆菌酶的同源细胞的杂质(如非本发明枯草杆菌酶的另一多肽)。
自……获得
本文所用与特定的微生物来源相关的术语“自……获得”意指该多核苷酸和/或枯草杆菌酶是由此特定来源或由已插入了来自于该来源的基因的细胞产生的。
底物
与蛋白酶的底物相关的术语“底物”应以其最广义的形式解释为包括含有至少一个易于被枯草杆菌蛋白酶水解的肽键(酰胺键)的化合物。
产物
与来自蛋白酶酶促反应的产物有关的术语“产物”在本发明的上下文中应解释为包括涉及蛋白酶枯草杆菌酶的水解反应的产物。产物可以是随后的水解反应的底物。
洗涤性能
在本发明上下文中,术语“洗涤性能”用以表示酶在例如洗涤或硬表面清洁过程中除去存在于待清洁物体上的蛋白质性污渍或有机污渍的能力。也参见本文实施例3中的洗涤性能试验。
具体地,本发明涉及如下各项:
1.蛋白酶变体,
a)其包含在62位、68位、97位、98位、99位、106位、131位、170位、245位、252位的一处或多处对氨基酸残基K、H、R、E、D、Q、N、C、V、L、I、P、M、F、W、Y、G、A、S、T之一的插入、替代或缺失与至少一个下列修饰的组合:
*0AQSVPWG;A1T,V;Q2L;S3T,A,L;V4L,A;I8V,T;S9G,D,R,K,L,V;R10H,K;V11A;Q12D;
A13V;P14S,T,D,A,M,V,K,Q,L,H,R,I;A15M,T;A16P;H17R;N18S,H;R19W,K,L,F,G,I;
G20*,R,A;L21F,LP,LW,LA,LG;T22S,A,K,TV,TG,TL,TW,TV,G,L,TY;G23S;S24P;K27R,
V28I;V30I;I35T,V;T38S;P40L;N43D;R45H,K;G46D;A48T;S49N;F50S;V51A,I,D;P52V,A;
P55S,A;S57P;G61E,D,S,R,GP;N62D,ND,NE,DE,NG,E,S;V68A,S,L,I;T71A;I72V;L75I;
N76S,D;N77S;S78T;V81A;A85T;S87C;A88V,T;E89G;K94N;V95C,T;L96LA,LG;
G97E,D,W,A,GG,GA,GV,N,GS;A98S,D,E,T,AS,AD,AV,AE,AH,Q,N,M,L,G,R,V,S;
S99D,L,A,AD,SD,SM,SG,DA,P,G,N,C,M,V,I;G100S,GE,C;S101SA,SK;G102D,S;
S103D,E,Y,L,Q,H,T;V104T,S,R,I,N,M,L,D;S106D,E,T,M,G,A,L,F,I;I107T,V,M;A108V,T,S;
L111I,V;A114V;N116S,D;G118D;M119L,I,V,A,S;H120N,D,Q,K,E,Y,S;V121A;L124C;
L126I;G127E;S128N,I,G,C;P129PSN,T,E,D,S,N,A;S130P,T,C,*;
P131M,F,W,L,A,H,T,*,PA,S,Q,R,E,G,D,C;S132G,T;A133ASA;T134A;Q137H,E,D;A138G,V;
V139L,I;N140D,K;T143A;S144D,N,P;R145G;V150I;A151V,G;A152P;A158T,V,C,E,L,D,
M;G160A,D;S163G,C,N,A;Y167K,A,I;A168G;A169G;R170C,S,H,L;Y171C;A172V;
N173D;A174V;M175L,I,V,A,S,T;N183D;N184D,S;N185S,D;R186L,C,H;S188G;S190A;
Y192H;G195F,E;V203S,A,L,Q,M,F,I;N204T,D,S;Q206L;Y209C,H;G211D;S212N,L;
T213A;Y214C,H;A215D,T;N218D,S;M222L,I,V,A,S;A223G;T224A,S;A228T;A230V;
A232S,L,T,P;V234I;Q236A,L,D,T,C,M,F,S;K237R;N238D;P239T,S;S240F;S242T;
V244I,M,A;Q245R,K,E,D,T,F,N,V,W,G,I,S,C,L,A,M;N248P,D,S;K251E,R;
N252G,H,D,V,M,S,T,E,Y,S,Q,K,A,L;A254S;T255A,S;S256N,R,G;L257G;G258K,
S259A,N,G;T260A,R;N261D;L262S,Q,V;Y263H,F;G264E;S265G,R,N;V268L,I;N269T;
N296K;E271A;T274S,L,A,R,或
b)其包含下列组合变体之一:
A108T+L111V;L124I+S125A;P129S+S130AT;L96LA+A151G+V203A;
S49N+V203L+N218D;S3T+A16P+R45C+G100S+A230V;I8V+R19K+V139I;
N76D+A174AL+A194P+A230V;N185R;N62NE;H120Q+Q137E,G61GE,G61GS,G100L,
A133D,V68A,N123D,L111F+Y263H,V11A+G61GE+V227A+S240F,A133E+S144K+N218D,
S128A+P129S+S130SP,S9R+A15T+T22TQ+S101P,S9R+A15T+H120R+Q137D+N173S,
G97E,Q245W,S9R+A15T+L96LG+Q137E+Y209H,S9R+A15T+L111V+Q137E+G211D,
S9R+A15T+L111I+Q137E,S9R+A15T+L111I+H120N+Q137E,
S9R+A15T+L96LG+H120Q+Q137E,S9R+A15T+T260M,S9R+A15T,Q245I,
S9R+A15T+H120G+Q137E+N218D,S9R+A15T+S130P,Q245F,S9R+A15T+N218D,
G63E+N76D+A194P+A230V,S9R+A15T+T224A,G100S,S9R+A15T+D60DG,
A138V+V139I+A194P+N218D+A230V,A108V+A169G+R170A+Y171H,
I8V+P14L+R19L+V30I+I35V+S57P+P129S+Q137D+S144D+S256N,A133D+T134S+Q137A,
Q137D,A98AH,V51D,Q12E+P14L+A15T,G63E+N76D+A194P+A230V,Q12E+P14L+A15T,
G97GS,V51A+S163T;V139I+A151G;S9R+A15T+L96LG+S130*;A169G+R170H或
c)其包含在位置68处的一种或多种修饰,其中所述修饰包含:对选自K、H、R、E、D、Q、N、C、V、L、I、P、M、F、W、Y、G、A、S和T的氨基酸残基进行缺失、插入和/或替代。
2.根据项1的蛋白酶变体,其包含对一个或多个下列修饰
X62D,E,S,XD,XE,XG,DE
X68A,S,L,I
X97E,D,W,A,N,XG,XA,XV,XS
X98S,D,E,T,N,M,L,G,R,V,XS,XD,XV
X99D,L,A,P,G,N,C,M,V,I,AD,XD,XM,XG,DA
X106D,E,T,M,G,A,L,F,I
X131M,F,W,L,A,H,T,*,S,Q,R,E,G,D,C,XA
X170C,S,H,L
X245R,K,E,D,T,F,N,V,W,G,I,S,C,L,A,M
X252G,H,D,V,M,S,T,E,Y,S,Q,K,A,L
与至少一个下列修饰:
*0AQSVPWG;A1T,V;Q2L;S3T,A,L;V4L,A;I8V,T;S9G,D,R,K,L,V;R10H,K;V11A;Q12D;
A13V;P14S,T,D,A,M,V,K,Q,L,H,R,I;A15M,T;A16P;H17R;N18S,H;R19W,K,L,F,G,I;
G20*,R,A;L21F,LP,LW,LA,LG;T22S,A,K,TV,TG,TL,TW,TV,G,L,TY;G23S;S24P;K27R,
V28I;V30I;I35T,V;T38S;P40L;N43D;R45H,K;G46D;A48T;S49N;F50S;V51A,I,D;P52V,A;
P55S,A;S57P;G61E,D,S,R,GP;N62D,ND,NE,DE,NG,E,S;V68A,S,L,I;T71A;I72V;L75I;
N76S,D;N77S;S78T;V81A;A85T;S87C;A88V,T;E89G;K94N;V95C,T;L96LA,LG;
G97E,D,W,A,GG,GA,GV,N,GS;A98S,D,E,T,AS,AD,AV,AE,AH,Q,N,M,L,G,R,V,S;
S99D,L,A,AD,SD,SM,SG,DA,P,G,N,C,M,V,I;G100S,GE,C;S101SA,SK;G102D,S;
S103D,E,Y,L,Q,H,T;V104T,S,R,I,N,M,L,D;S106D,E,T,M,G,A,L,F,I;I107T,V,M;A108V,T,S;
L111I,V;A114V;N116S,D;G118D;M119L,I,V,A,S;H120N,D,Q,K,E,Y,S;V121A;L124C;
L126I;G127E;S128N,I,G,C;P129PSN,T,E,D,S,N,A;S130P,T,C,*;
P131M,F,W,L,A,H,T,*,PA,S,Q,R,E,G,D,C;S132G,T;A133ASA;T134A;Q137H,E,D;A138G,V;
V139L,I;N140D,K;T143A;S144D,N,P;R145G;V150I;A151V,G;A152P;A158T,V,C,E,L,D,
M;G160A,D;S163G,C,N,A;Y167K,A,I;A168G;A169G;R170C,S,H,L;Y171C;A172V;
N173D;A174V;M175L,I,V,A,S,T;N183D;N184D,S;N185S,D;R186L,C,H;S188G;S190A;
Y192H;G195F,E;V203S,A,L,Q,M,F,I;N204T,D,S;Q206L;Y209C,H;G211D;S212N,L;
T213A;Y214C,H;A215D,T;N218D,S;M222L,I,V,A,S;A223G;T224A,S;A228T;A230V;
A232S,L,T,P;V234I;Q236A,L,D,T,C,M,F,S;K237R;N238D;P239T,S;S240F;S242T;
V244I,M,A;Q245R,K,E,D,T,F,N,V,W,G,I,S,C,L,A,M;N248P,D,S;K251E,R;
N252G,H,D,V,M,S,T,E,Y,S,Q,K,A,L;A254S;T255A,S;S256N,R,G;L257G;G258K,
S259A,N,G;T260A,R;N261D;L262S,Q,V;Y263H,F;G264E;S265G,R,N;V268L,I;N269T;
N296K;E271A;T274S,L,A,R.
进行的组合。
3.根据项1或2的枯草杆菌酶变体,其包含一个或多个下述改变:
其中
(a)变体具有蛋白酶活性,且
(b)每一位置都对应于SEQ ID NO:1所示枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN’的氨基酸序列的位置。
4.根据项1-3中任意一项所述的变体,其中亲本枯草杆菌酶属于I-S1亚组。
5.根据项1-3中任意一项所述的变体,其中亲本枯草杆菌酶属于I-S2亚组,且其中亲本优选地为BLSAVI
6.编码如项1-5之任一项所定义的枯草杆菌酶变体的经分离DNA序列。
7.包含项6的经分离DNA序列的表达载体。
8.用项7的表达载体转化的微生物宿主细胞。
9.根据项8的微生物宿主细胞,其为细菌,优选地为芽孢杆菌,尤其为迟缓芽孢杆菌。
10.根据项9的微生物宿主细胞,其为真菌或酵母,优选地为丝状真菌,尤其为曲霉。
11.产生如项1-5之任一项所定义的枯草杆菌酶变体的方法,其中将项8-10之任一项的宿主在利于该变体表达和分泌的条件下培养,并回收该变体。
12.清洁或洗涤剂组合物,优选地洗衣或洗盘组合物,其包含如项1-5之任一项所定义的变体。
13.根据项12的组合物,其还包含纤维素酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、角质酶、蛋白酶、半纤维素酶、酯酶、乳糖酶、糖淀粉酶(glycoamylase)、聚半乳糖醛酸酶、β-半乳糖苷酶、木素酶(1igninase)或它们的混合物。
14.如项1-5之任一项定义的变体在洗衣和/或洗盘洗涤剂中的用途。
15.根据项3的枯草杆菌酶变体,其中所述变体还包含一个或多个下列修饰:
K27R,*36D,S56P,N62D,V68A,N76D,S87N,G97N,S99SE,S101G,S103A,V104A,V104I,V104N,V104Y,S106A,H120D,H120N,N123S,G159D,Y167A,R170S,R170L,A194P,N204D,V205I,Q206E,L217D,N218S,N218D,M222S,M222A,T224S,A232V,K235L,Q236H,Q245R,N248D,N252K,T274A,S101G+V104N,S87N+S101G+V104N,K27R+V104Y+N123S+T274A,N76D+S103A+V104I,S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S,S3T+V4I+S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S+V199M+V205I+L217D,S3T+V4I+S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S+A194P+V199M+V205I+L217D,S3T+V4I+S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S+V205I和N76D+V104A.
16.根据项3的枯草杆菌酶变体,其包含下列替代:
S101G+S103A+V104I+G159D+A232V+Q236H+Q245R+N248D+N252K.
附图简述
图1显示使用上述的GAP程序进行的枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN′(a)和(b)之间的序列比对。
发明详述
本发明涉及在一种或多种特性上与亲本枯草杆菌酶不同的新枯草杆菌酶变体,所述特性包括:洗涤性能、热稳定性、储藏稳定性或催化活性。
作为本发明的一部分考虑的变体是与野生型枯草杆菌酶相比已对一个或多个氨基酸残基进行了替代、缺失或插入的变体,所述变体:
a)至少包含在62位、68位、97位、98位、99位、106位、131位、170位、245位、252位的一处或多处对氨基酸残基K、H、R、E、D、Q、N、C、V、L、I、P、M、F、W、Y、G、A、S、T之一的插入、替代或缺失与至少一个下列修饰的组合:
*0AQSVPWG;A1T,V;Q2L;S3T,A,L;V4L,A;I8V,T;S9G,D,R,K,L,V;R10H,K;V11A;Q12D;
A13V;P14S,T,D,A,M,V,K,Q,L,H,R,I;A15M,T;A16P;H17R;N18S,H;R19W,K,L,F,G,I;
G20*,R,A;L21F,LP,LW,LA,LG;T22S,A,K,TV,TG,TL,TW,TV,G,L,TY;G23S;S24P;K27R,
V28I;V30I;I35T,V;T38S;P40L;N43D;R45H,K;G46D;A48T;S49N;F50S;V51A,I,D;P52V,A;
P55S,A;S57P;G61E,D,S,R,GP;N62D,ND,NE,DE,NG,E,S;V68A,S,L,I;T71A;I72V;L75I;
N76S,D;N77S;S78T;V81A;A85T;S87C;A88V,T;E89G;K94N;V95C,T;L96LA,LG;
G97E,D,W,A,GG,GA,GV,N,GS;A98S,D,E,T,AS,AD,AV,AE,AH,Q,N,M,L,G,R,V,S;
S99D,L,A,AD,SD,SM,SG,DA,P,G,N,C,M,V,I;G100S,GE,C;S101SA,SK;G102D,S;
S103D,E,Y,L,Q,H,T;V104T,S,R,I,N,M,L,D;S106D,E,T,M,G,A,L,F,I;I107T,V,M;A108V,T,S;
L111I,V;A114V;N116S,D;G118D;M119L,I,V,A,S;H120N,D,Q,K,E,Y,S;V121A;L124C;
L126I;G127E;S128N,I,G,C;P129PSN,T,E,D,S,N,A;S130P,T,C,*;
P131M,F,W,L,A,H,T,*,PA,S,Q,R,E,G,D,C;S132G,T;A133ASA;T134A;Q137H,E,D;A138G,V;
V139L,I;N140D,K;T143A;S144D,N,P;R145G;V150I;A151V,G;A152P;A158T,V,C,E,L,D,
M;G160A,D;S163G,C,N,A;Y167K,A,I;A168G;A169G;R170C,S,H,L;Y171C;A172V;
N173D;A174V;M175L,I,V,A,S,T;N183D;N184D,S;N185S,D;R186L,C,H;S188G;S190A;
Y192H;G195F,E;V203S,A,L,Q,M,F,I;N204T,D,S;Q206L;Y209C,H;G211D;S212N,L;
T213A;Y214C,H;A215D,T;N218D,S;M222L,I,V,A,S;A223G;T224A,S;A228T;A230V;
A232S,L,T,P;V234I;Q236A,L,D,T,C,M,F,S;K237R;N238D;P239T,S;S240F;S242T;
V244I,M,A;Q245R,K,E,D,T,F,N,V,W,G,I,S,C,L,A,M;N248P,D,S;K251E,R;
N252G,H,D,V,M,S,T,E,Y,S,Q,K,A,L;A254S;T255A,S;S256N,R,G;L257G;G258K,
S259A,N,G;T260A,R;N261D;L262S,Q,V;Y263H,F;G264E;S265G,R,N;V268L,I;N269T;
N296K;E271A;T274S,L,A,R或
b)至少包含一个下列组合变体:
A108T+L111V;L124I+S125A;P129S+S130AT;L96LA+A151G+V203A;
S49N+V203L+N218D;S3T+A16P+R45C+G100S+A230V;I8V+R19K+V139I;
N76D+A174AL+A194P+A230V;N185R;N62NE;H120Q+Q137E,G61GE,G61GS,G100L,
A133D,V68A,N123D,L111F+Y263H,V11A+G61GE+V227A+S240F,A133E+S144K+N218D,
S128A+P129S+S130SP,S9R+A15T+T22TQ+S101P,S9R+A15T+H120R+Q137D+N173S,
G97E,Q245W,S9R+A15T+L96LG+Q137E+Y209H,S9R+A15T+L111V+Q137E+G211D,
S9R+A15T+L111I+Q137E,S9R+A15T+L111I+H120N+Q137E,
S9R+A15T+L96LG+H120Q+Q137E,S9R+A15T+T260M,S9R+A15T,Q245I,
S9R+A15T+H120G+Q137E+N218D,S9R+A15T+S130P,Q245F,S9R+A15T+N218D,
G63E+N76D+A194P+A230V,S9R+A15T+T224A,G100S,S9R+A15T+D60DG,
A138V+V139I+A194P+N218D+A230V,A108V+A169G+R170A+Y171H,
I8V+P14L+R19L+V30I+I35V+S57P+P129S+Q137D+S144D+S256N,A133D+T134S+Q137A,
Q137D,A98AH,V51D,Q12E+P14L+A15T,G63E+N76D+A194P+A230V,Q12E+P14L+A15T,
G97GS或
c)至少包含在位置68处的一种或多种修饰,其中所述修饰包含:对选自K、H、R、E、D、Q、N、C、V、L、I、P、M、F、W、Y、G、A、S和T的氨基酸残基进行缺失、插入和/或替代。
进一步地,本发明的变体包含至少一个或多个在表I和II中所示的改变,其中
(a)表I和II的变体具有蛋白酶活性,且
(b)每一位置都对应于枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN’(SEQ ID NO:1)氨基酸序列的位置。
本发明第一方面的枯草杆菌酶变体可以是从自然界中鉴定和分离的亲本或野生型枯草杆菌酶。此亲本野生型枯草杆菌酶可以通过本领域已知的标准技术特异地筛选。
进行此筛选的一个优选方式可以是从多种不同微生物,优选从不同芽孢杆菌菌株的枯草杆菌酶,特异地PCR扩增目的保守DNA区域。
由于枯草杆菌酶的DNA和氨基酸序列具有同源性,故在此意义上该酶是一组保守酶。因此,可以构建位于目的多核苷酸序列侧翼的相对特异引物。
使用此PCR引物从多种不同的微生物(优选从不同的芽孢杆菌菌株)扩增DNA,然后对所述的扩增PCR片段进行DNA测序,可以鉴定出产生本发明枯草杆菌酶变体的菌株。在鉴定到此菌株和目的枯草杆菌酶的部分DNA序列后,本领域技术人员可以常规地完成该枯草杆菌酶的克隆、表达和纯化。然而,可以想到的是,本发明枯草杆菌酶变体主要是亲本枯草杆菌酶的变体。
适于本文所述用途的枯草杆菌酶变体可以通过本领域已知标准技术,例如定点/随机诱变或不同枯草杆菌酶序列的DNA改组来构建。参见文中“材料和方法”部分和实施例1(见下文)的更详细描述。
本领域技术人员知道,此处描述的变体可以包含一个或多个其它的改变,尤其是一个或多个其它的替换。而且,此处描述的变体可以在不仅一个位置上包含突变。例如,本发明的变体可以在一个位置、两个位置或两个以上位置,如3个、4个或5个位置上含有突变。
不论是从自然界或人工的多样性创建体中分离酶,还是从亲本枯草杆菌酶设计并产生变体,均优选亲本枯草杆菌酶属于亚组I-S1和I-S2,尤其是亚组I-S2。
对于来自亚组I-S1的变体,亲本枯草杆菌酶优选地选自:BSS168(BSSAS、BSAPRJ、BSAPRN、BMSAMP)、BASBPN、BSSDY、BLSCAR(BLKERA、BLSCA1、BLSCA2、BLSCA3)、BSSPRC和BSSPRD,或它们的保留了亚组I-S1特征的功能性变体。
对于来自亚组I-S2的变体,亲本枯草杆菌酶优选地选自:BSAPRQ、BLS147(BSAPRM、BAH101)、BLSAVI(BSKSMK、BAALKP、BLSUBL)、BYSYAB、BAPB92、TVTHER和BSAPRS,或它们的保留了亚组I-S2特征的功能性变体。尤其是,亲本枯草杆菌酶是BLSAVI(NOVOZYMES A/S),并且本发明优选的枯草杆菌酶变体因此为的变体。
本发明也包括其氨基酸序列中组合有任何其它修饰的任一上述枯草杆菌酶变体。特别是可以想到与本领域公知的能为该酶提供改良性质的其它修饰进行组合。现有技术描述了大量具有不同改良性质的枯草杆菌酶变体,其中的一些在本文的“发明背景”部分中已有提及(见上)。这些参考文献在此处公开作为参考,用来鉴定可有利地与此处描述的枯草杆菌酶变体组合的枯草杆菌酶变体。此类组合包括位置:222(提高氧化稳定性)、218(提高热稳定性)、在稳定酶的Ca2+-结合位点如位置76处的替换、以及根据现有技术显而易见的许多其它位置。
在进一步的实施方案中,此处描述的枯草杆菌酶变体可有利地与任一下列位置处的一个或多个修饰组合:27,36,56,76,87,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,120,123,159,167,170,206,218,222,224,232,235,236,245,248,252和274。
尤其是,如下BLSAVI、BLSUBL、BSKSMK和BAALKP修饰被认为适于组合:
K27R,*36D,S56P,N62D,V68A,N76D,S87N,G97N,S99SE,S101G,S103A,V104A,V104I,
V104N,V104Y,S106A,H120D,H120N,N123S,G159D,Y167A,R170S,R170L,A194P,
N204D,V205I,Q206E,L217D,N218S,N218D,M222S,M222A,T224S,A232V,K235L,
Q236H,Q245R,N248D,N252K和T274A.
而且包含任一以下修饰的变体显示出改进的特性:
S101G+V104N,S87N+S101G+V104N,K27R+V104Y+N123S+T274A,N76D+S103A+V104I,S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S,S3T+V4I+S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S+V199M+V205I+L217D,S3T+V4I+S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S+A194P+V199M+V205I+L217D,S3T+V4I+S99D+S101R+S103A+V104I+G160S+V205I或N76D+V104A,
或者包含以下修饰与任意一种或多种上述修饰组合产生的其它组合的变体显示出改进的特性:
K27R,*36D,S56P,N62D,V68A,N76D,S87N,G97N,S99SE,S101G,S103A,V104A,V104I,V104N,V104Y,S106A,H120D,H120N,N123S,G159D,Y167A,R170S,R170L,A194P,N204D,V205I,Q206E,L217D,N218S,N218D,M222S,M222A,T224S,A232V,K235L,Q236H,Q245R,N248D,N252K和T274A
特别令人感兴趣的变体为这样的变体,其中除了根据本发明的修饰外,还包含下列替换:S101G+S103A+V104I+G159D+A232V+Q236H+Q245R+N248D+N252K。
而且,本发明主要方面的枯草杆菌酶变体优选与一个或多个在位置129、131和194之任一处的修饰组合,所述修饰优选地为129K、13 1H和194P修饰,且最优选地为P129K、P131H和A194P修饰。在产生枯草杆菌酶变体时,预期所有这些修饰都可以提供更高的枯草杆菌酶变体表达水平。
所选择的本发明变体的洗涤性能可用本文实施例3中所公开的洗涤性能试验进行测试。可以用洗涤性能试验评估变体在掺入标准的或市售的洗涤剂组合物后与参照体系,即亲本枯草杆菌酶或显示更好洗涤性能的类似枯草杆菌酶进行比较(将它们掺入同样的洗涤剂体系并在相同的条件下测试),除去标准纺织物上的蛋白质性污渍的能力。本发明的酶变体使用自动机械应力试验(AMSA)测试。使用AMSA试验可快速检查大量的小体积酶洗涤剂溶液的洗涤性能。利用这种试验,可以初步研究所选择的变体的洗涤性能,其原理是:如果所选择的变体在试验中没有表现出相对于亲本枯草杆菌酶的明显改进,则一般不需要进行进一步的试验。
因此,对于此处描述的目的而言,尤其令人感兴趣的变体为这样的变体:当如洗涤性能试验(实施例3)所述测试其在市售洗涤剂组合物如美国型洗涤剂、亚洲型洗涤剂、欧洲型洗涤剂或拉丁美洲型洗涤剂中时,与在相同条件下测试的亲本枯草杆菌酶相比表现出改进的洗涤性能。
洗涤性能的改进可通过计算本文实施例3中所定义的强度值(Int)而量化。
在本发明的一个非常令人感兴趣的实施方案中,当在洗涤性能试验中测试时,本发明的变体具有的性能分值(Performance Score;S)至少为1,优选地性能分值为2,其中:
S(2)=在所有三个酶浓度(5、10和30nM)下变体表现出优于参照物,
S(1)=在一个或两个浓度下变体表现出优于参照物。
明显地,优选本发明的变体至少在所述的最低水平上,更优选在所述的最高水平上符合上述标准。
产生枯草杆菌酶变体
用于克隆枯草杆菌酶的许多方法和用于将替换、缺失或插入导入基因(如枯草杆菌酶基因)的许多方法在本领域是熟知的。
通常,可以采用用于克隆基因和向该基因中引入突变(随机和/或定点)的标准方法以获得本发明的枯草杆菌酶变体。对于适宜的技术的进一步描述,参照本文的实施例(见下文)和(Sambrook等,(1989),分子克隆,实验室手册,冷泉港实验室,冷泉港,纽约;Ausubel,F.M.等(编辑)“分子生物学最新方法”(“Current protocols in Molecular Biology”),John Wiley和Sons,1995;Harwood,C.R.和Cutting,S.M.(编辑)“用于芽孢杆菌的分子生物学方法”(“Molecular Biological Methods for Bacillus”),John Wiley和Sons,1990);和WO 96/34946。
而且,枯草杆菌酶变体可以通过用于人工产生多样性的标准技术构建,如通过不同枯草杆菌酶基因的DNA改组构建(参见WO 95/22625;StemmerWPC,自然370:389-91(1994))。例如,将编码的基因与本质上经过鉴定的一个或多个部分枯草杆菌酶序列进行DNA改组,在随后对具有改进洗涤性能的变体进行筛选后,即可提供适用于此处所述目的的枯草杆菌酶变体。
表达载体
包含编码本发明酶的DNA构建体的重组表达载体可以是任何可方便地进行重组DNA操作的载体。载体的选择一般取决于它将被导入的宿主细胞。因此,载体可以是自主复制载体,即作为染色体外实体而存在的载体,这种载体的复制独立于染色体的复制,如质粒。
另外,所述载体可以在导入宿主细胞后部分或全部整合入宿主细胞基因组中,并与其整合的染色体一起复制。
所述载体优选为这样的表达载体,其中编码本发明酶的DNA序列可操作地与此DNA转录所需的其它片段相连接。一般来说,表达载体来自质粒或病毒DNA,或可以含有两者的元件。术语“可操作地连接”指将诸片段以使其能按它们的预期目的协同发挥功能的方式排列,如转录在启动子中引发并前行通过编码此酶的DNA序列。
所述的启动子可以是在所选择的宿主细胞内表现出转录活性的任何DNA序列,并可以得自编码与宿主细胞同源或异源的蛋白质的基因。
用于细菌宿主细胞的适宜启动子的实例包括以下基因的启动子:嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(Bacillus stearothermophilus)生麦芽糖淀粉酶基因、地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)α-淀粉酶基因、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillusamyloliquefaciens)α-淀粉酶基因、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)碱性蛋白酶基因或短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)木糖苷酶基因,或为λ噬菌体的PR或PL启动子或大肠杆菌的lac、trp或tac启动子。
如果需要,编码本发明酶的DNA序列还可以可操作地连接到适宜的终止子上。
本发明的重组载体还可包含能够使所述载体在所讨论的宿主细胞中复制的DNA序列。所述载体还可以包含可选择的标记,例如其产物弥补宿主细胞缺陷的基因,或编码如对抗生素像卡那霉素、氯霉素、红霉素、四环素、壮观霉素等的抗性,或对重金属或除草剂的抗性的基因。
为了指导本发明的酶进入宿主细胞的分泌途径,可以在重组载体中提供分泌信号序列(也称为前导序列、前原序列或前序列)。可以将分泌信号序列以正确的读框连接编码酶的DNA序列。分泌信号序列一般位于编码此酶的DNA序列的5’端。所述分泌信号序列可以通常与该酶相关或可以来自编码另一种分泌蛋白质的基因。
用于分别连接编码本发明酶的DNA序列、启动子和任选地终止子和/或分泌信号序列,或通过适宜的PCR扩增方案组装这些序列和将它们插入含有复制或整合所需信息的适宜载体中的方法对本领域技术人员来说是已知的(参见例如,Sambrook等,前引书)。
宿主细胞
导入宿主细胞中的编码本发明酶的DNA序列可以与此宿主同源或异源。如果与所述宿主细胞同源,即由该宿主细胞天然产生,则该DNA序列一般可操作地与非其天然环境中的另一启动子序列相连接,或者适当时与另一分泌信号序列和/或终止子序列相连接。术语"同源"旨在包括编码天然存在于所讨论的宿主生物体中的酶的DNA序列。术语“异源的”旨在包括所述宿主细胞本身不表达的DNA序列。因此该DNA序列可以来源于另一生物体或者是合成的序列。
可导入本发明的DNA构建体或重组载体的宿主细胞可以是任何能够产生本发明的酶的细胞,包括细菌、酵母、真菌和高等真核细胞,包括植物。
通过培养能够产生本发明的酶的细菌宿主细胞的实例是革兰氏阳性细菌,如芽孢杆菌菌株,如枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)、地衣芽孢杆菌(B.licheniformis)、迟缓芽孢杆菌(B.lentus)、短芽孢杆菌(B.brevis)、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(B.stearothermophilus)、嗜碱芽孢杆菌(B.alkalophilus)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(B.amyloliquefaciens)、凝结芽孢杆菌(B.coagulans)、环状芽孢杆菌(B.circulans)、灿烂芽孢杆菌(B.lautus)、巨大芽孢杆菌(B.megaterium)或苏云金芽孢杆菌(B.thuringiensis)菌株,或链霉菌(streptomyces)菌株,如变铅青链霉菌(S.lividans)或鼠灰链霉菌(S.murinus),或革兰氏阴性细菌如大肠杆菌(Echerichia coli)。
细菌的转化可以通过本身已知的方式用原生质体转化、电穿孔、接合或使用感受态细胞进行(参见Sambrook等,见上)。
当在细菌如大肠杆菌中表达酶时,该酶一般可以以不溶性颗粒形式驻留于细胞质中(称作包涵体),或可以由细菌分泌序列引导到周质间隙。在前一种情况下,将细胞裂解,回收所述颗粒,变性,其后通过稀释变性试剂使酶重新折叠。后一种情况下,该酶可以通过以下操作从周质间隙中回收:如利用超声或渗透压休克破坏细胞,使所述的周质间隙的内容物释放,再回收该酶。
当在革兰氏阳性细菌如芽孢杆菌属或链霉菌属菌株中表达该酶时,该酶可以驻留于细胞质中,或由细菌分泌序列引导到胞外培养基中。在后一种情况下,该酶可按下述方法从培养基中回收。
产生枯草杆菌酶变体的方法
本发明提供了产生本发明的分离酶的方法,其中在允许该酶产生的条件下培养已用编码该酶的DNA序列转化的合适宿主细胞,以及从培养物中回收所得的酶。
当将含有编码该酶的DNA序列的表达载体转化入异源宿主细胞中时,即可使本发明的酶异源重组产生。由此可以产生以不含同源杂质为特征的高度纯化的枯草杆菌酶组合物。
用于培养转化的宿主细胞的培养基可以是任何适合于所讨论的宿主细胞生长的常规培养基。所表达的枯草杆菌酶可方便地分泌到培养基中,然后可以通过已知的方法回收,所述方法包括通过离心或过滤从培养基中分离细胞,再利用盐如硫酸铵沉淀培养基中的蛋白质成分,接下来进行层析,如离子交换层析、亲和层析等。
清洁和洗涤剂组合物
本发明的酶可以添加到洗涤剂组合物中而成为其中的组分。一般来说,清洁和洗涤剂组合物已在本领域中有充分描述,对合适的清洁和洗涤剂组合物的进一步描述可以参见WO 96/34946;WO 97/07202;WO 95/30011。
本发明的洗涤剂组合物可以制成手洗或机洗洗衣洗涤剂组合物,包括适用于预处理污染织物的洗衣添加剂组合物和漂洗时添加的织物柔软剂组合物,或制成用于普通家庭硬表面清洁操作的洗涤剂组合物,或配制以用于手洗或机洗洗盘操作。
在一特定的方面,本发明提供包含本发明枯草杆菌酶的洗涤添加剂。所述的洗涤添加剂和洗涤剂组合物可以包含一种或多种其它的酶如蛋白酶、脂肪酶、角质酶、淀粉酶、糖酶、纤维素酶、果胶酶、甘露聚糖酶、阿拉伯糖酶、半乳聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、氧化酶、例如漆酶,和/或过氧化物酶。
一般来说,所选择的酶的性质应当与所选择的洗涤剂相适应(即最适pH,与其它酶和非酶组分具相容性等),且所述的酶应以有效量存在。
蛋白酶:合适的蛋白酶包括来自动物、植物或微生物的蛋白酶。来源于微生物的蛋白酶是优选的。也包括经化学修饰或蛋白质工程化的突变体。所述的蛋白酶可以是丝氨酸蛋白酶或金属蛋白酶,优选碱性微生物蛋白酶或胰蛋白酶样蛋白酶。碱性蛋白酶的实例为枯草杆菌蛋白酶,特别是来自芽孢杆菌的枯草杆菌蛋白酶,例如,枯草杆菌蛋白酶Novo、枯草杆菌蛋白酶Carlsberg、枯草杆菌蛋白酶309、枯草杆菌蛋白酶147和枯草杆菌蛋白酶168(WO 89/06279中描述)。胰蛋白酶样蛋白酶的实例为胰蛋白酶(例如来自猪或牛的)和如WO 89/06270和WO 94/25583中所公开的镰孢霉属(Fusarium)的蛋白酶。
有用的蛋白酶的实例是如WO 92/19729,WO 98/20115,WO 98/20116和WO 98/34946所描述的变体,特别是在一个或多个下述位置发生替换的变体:27,36,57,76,87,97,101,104,120,123,167,170,194,206,218,222,224,235和274。
优选的可商购的蛋白酶包括 和(Novozymes A/S)、MaxataseTM、MaxacalTM、MaxapemTM、ProperaseTM、PurafectTM、Purafect OxPTM、FN2TM、FN3TM和FN4TM(Genencor International,Inc.)。
脂肪酶:合适的脂肪酶包括那些来源于细菌或真菌的脂肪酶。也包括经化学修饰或蛋白质工程化的突变体。有用的脂肪酶的实例包括来自腐质霉属(Humicola)(Thermomyces与之同物异名),如EP 258 068和EP 305 216中所述的来自H.lanuginosa(T.lanuginosus)的脂肪酶或如WO 96/13580中所述的来自H.insolens的脂肪酶;假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)脂肪酶,例如来自产碱假单胞菌(P.alcaligenes)或类产碱假单胞菌(P.pseudoalcaligenes)(EP 218272),洋葱假单胞菌(P.cepacia)(EP 331376),施氏假单胞菌(P.stutzeri)(GB 1,372,034),荧光假单胞菌(P.fluorescens),假单胞菌菌株SD705(WO 95/06720和WO 96/27002),P.wisconsinensis(WO 96/12012)的脂肪酶;芽孢杆菌脂肪酶,例如来自枯草芽孢杆菌(Dartois等(1993),生物化学与生物物理学学报(Biochemica et Biophysica Acta),1131,253-360),嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌(JP 64/744992)或短小芽孢杆菌(B.Pumilus)(WO 91/16422)的脂肪酶。
其它的实例为如WO 92/05249,WO 94/01541,EP 407 225,EP 260 105,WO 95/35381,WO 96/00292,WO 95/30744,WO 94/25578,WO 95/14783,WO 95/22615,WO 97/04079和WO 97/07202中所述的脂肪酶变体。
优选的可商购的脂肪酶包括和Lipolase(Novozymes A/S)。
淀粉酶:合适的淀粉酶(α和/或β)包括那些来源于细菌或真菌的淀粉酶。也包括经化学修饰或蛋白质工程化的突变体。淀粉酶包括例如来源于芽孢杆菌的α-淀粉酶,例如来自地衣芽孢杆菌的特定菌株,详细内容参见GB1,296,839。
有用的淀粉酶的实例是如WO 94/02597,WO 94/18314,WO 96/23873和WO 97/43424中所描述的变体,尤其是那些在一个或多个下列位置发生替换的变体:15,23,105,106,124,128,133,154,156,181,188,190,197,202,208,209,243,264,304,305,391,408和444。
可商购的淀粉酶是和(Novozymes A/S),RapidaseTM和PurastarTM(来自Genencor International Inc.)。
纤维素酶:合适的纤维素酶包括来源于细菌或真菌的纤维素酶。也包括其经化学修饰或蛋白质工程化的突变体。合适的纤维素酶包括来自芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属、腐质霉属(Humicola)、镰孢霉属(Fusarium)、草根霉属(Thielavia)、枝顶孢霉属(Acremonium)的纤维素酶,例如在US 4,435,307,US 5,648,263,US 5,691,178,US 5,776,757和WO 89/09259中公开的由Humicola insolens、嗜热毁丝霉(Myceliophthora thermophila)和尖孢镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)产生的真菌纤维素酶。
特别合适的纤维素酶是具有颜色保护优势的碱性或中性纤维素酶。这样的纤维素酶的实例为如EP 0 495 257,EP 0 531 372,WO 96/11262,WO96/29397,WO 98/08940中所公开的纤维素酶。其它的实例为如那些在WO94/07998,EP 0 531 315,US 5,457,046,US 5,686,593,US 5,763,254,WO95/24471,WO 98/12307和PCT/DK98/00299中所公开的纤维素酶变体。
可商购的纤维素酶包括和(Novozymes A/S),ClazinaseTM和Puradax HATM(Genencor International Inc.)和KAC-500(B)TM(Kao Corporation)。
过氧化物酶/氧化酶:合适的过氧化物酶/氧化酶包括那些来源于植物、细菌或真菌的过氧化物酶/氧化酶。也包括化学修饰或蛋白质工程化的突变体。有用的过氧化物酶的实例包括来自鬼伞属(Coprinus)(例如来自灰盖鬼伞(C.cinereus))的过氧化物酶和其变体,如WO 93/24618,WO 95/10602和WO 98/15257所述的那些。可商购的过氧化物酶包括(Novozymes A/S)。
这些洗涤剂酶可以通过添加含一种或多种酶的独立添加剂,或通过添加含所有这些酶的组合添加剂而被包含于洗涤剂组合物中。本发明的洗涤剂添加剂,也就是独立添加剂或组合添加剂可以制成例如颗粒状、液体、浆状等等。优选的洗涤剂添加剂制剂为颗粒(特别是无粉尘颗粒)、液体(特别是被稳定化的液体)或浆。
无粉尘颗粒可依照例如US 4,106,991和4,661,452所述进行生产并可任选地用本领域已知的方法加包衣。蜡质包衣材料的实例是平均分子量为1000到20000的聚(环氧乙烷)产物(聚乙二醇,PEG);含有16到50个环氧乙烷单位的乙氧基化的壬基酚;乙氧基化脂肪醇,其中,醇含12到20个碳原子且其中存在15到80个环氧乙烷单位;脂肪醇;脂肪酸;和脂肪酸的单-、二-和三酸甘油酯。GB 1483591中给出了适合于通过流化床技术应用的成膜包衣材料的实例。液体酶制剂可以例如依照现成的方法通过添加多元醇如丙二醇、糖或糖醇、乳酸或硼酸得以稳定。受保护的酶可依照EP 238,216中所公开的方法进行制备。
本发明的洗涤剂组合物可以是任何方便的形式,例如棒状、片状、粉末、颗粒、糊或液体。液体洗涤剂可以是含水的,一般含高达70%的水和0-30%的有机溶剂,或是不含水的。
所述的洗涤剂组合物一般包含一种或多种表面活性剂,它们可以是非离子(包括半极性的)和/或阴离子和/或阳离子和/或两性离子表面活性剂。所述的表面活性剂一般占到0.1%到60%的重量。当包含在所述洗涤剂中时,洗涤剂通常包含约1%到约40%的阴离子表面活性剂,如直链烷基苯磺酸盐、α-烯属磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐(脂肪醇硫酸盐)、醇乙氧化硫酸盐、仲链烷磺酸盐、α-磺基脂肪酸甲酯、烷基-或链烯基琥珀酸或皂。
当包含在所述洗涤剂中时,通常含有约0.2%到约40%的非离子表面活性剂,例如醇乙氧基化物、壬基酚乙氧基化物、烷基多苷、烷基二甲基胺氧化物、乙氧基化脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺、脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺、多羟基烷基脂肪酰胺或葡糖胺的N-酰基N-烷基衍生物(“葡糖酰胺”)。
所述的洗涤剂可以包含0-65%的洗涤剂助洗剂或络合剂例如沸石、二磷酸盐、三磷酸盐、膦酸酯、碳酸盐、柠檬酸盐、次氮基三乙酸、乙二胺四乙酸、二亚乙基三胺五乙酸、烷基-或链烯基琥珀酸、可溶性硅酸盐或层叠式硅酸盐(例如购自Hoechst的SKS-6)。
所述的洗涤剂可以包含一种或多种聚合物。实例为羧甲基纤维素、聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮)、聚(乙二醇)、聚(乙烯醇)、聚(乙烯基吡啶-N-氧化物)、聚(乙烯基咪唑)、聚羧酸酯如聚丙烯酸酯、马来酸/丙烯酸共聚物和甲基丙烯酸月桂醇酯/丙烯酸共聚物。
所述的洗涤剂可以含有漂白体系,所述漂白体系可以包含H2O2来源如过硼酸盐或过碳酸盐,其可以与形成过酸的漂白活化剂如四乙酰基乙二胺或壬酰氧基苯磺酸盐相结合。可选择地,所述的漂白体系可以包含例如酰胺、二酰亚胺或砜类的过氧酸。
所述的洗涤剂还可以包含其它的常规洗涤剂成分,例如织物调理剂包括粘土、发泡剂、泡沫抑制剂、防腐蚀剂、污垢悬浮剂、抗污物再沉淀剂、染料、杀菌剂、光学增白剂、增溶剂、晦暗抑制剂或香料。
由于局部和区域条件如水硬度和洗涤温度的不同而需要区域洗涤剂组合物。洗涤剂例子1和2分别提供了典型的拉丁美洲洗涤剂组合物和典型的欧洲粉状洗涤剂组合物的成分。
洗涤剂例子1.典型的拉丁美洲洗涤剂组合物
洗涤剂例子2.典型的欧洲粉末洗涤剂组合物
本发明的洗涤剂组合物中的酶可以通过诸如以下的常规稳定剂稳定:多元醇如丙二醇或丙三醇、糖或糖醇、乳酸、硼酸或硼酸衍生物如芳香硼酸酯或苯基硼酸衍生物如4-甲酰基苯基硼酸,且所述的组合物可以按例如WO92/19709和WO 92/19708中所述配制。
目前认为在所述洗涤剂组合物中任何单一的酶,特别是本发明的酶可以以相当于每升洗涤液中具有0.01-200mg酶蛋白质,优选每升洗涤液0.05-50mg酶蛋白质,特别优选每升洗涤液中具有0.1-10mg酶蛋白质的量加入。
此外,本发明的酶可以额外地添加到如WO 97/07202所公开的洗涤剂制剂中,该文献引入本文作为参考。
材料和方法
织物:
标准织物片获得自瑞士的EMPA St.Gallen,Lerchfeldstrasse 5,CH-9014St.Gallen。尤其是类型EMPA116(具有血液、奶和墨水污渍的棉织物)和EMPA117(具有血液、奶和墨水污渍的聚酯/棉织物)。
菌株和质粒:
迟缓芽孢杆菌309保藏在NCIB且保藏号为NCIB 10309,在美国专利号3,723,250(此处引用作为参考)中进行了描述。亲本枯草杆菌酶309或可获自菌株309。表达所用的宿主菌为枯草芽孢杆菌。
质粒pSX222用作大肠杆菌-枯草芽孢杆菌穿梭载体和枯草芽孢杆菌表达载体(描述见WO 96/34946)。
常规的分子生物学方法:
除非另外指出,DNA操作和转化使用分子生物学标准方法进行(Sambrook等,(1989),分子克隆,实验室手册,冷泉港实验室,冷泉港,纽约;Ausubel,F.M.等(编)“分子生物学最新方法”(“Current protocols inMolecular Biology”),John Wiley和Sons,1995;Harwood,C.R.和Cutting,S.M.(编)“用于芽孢杆菌的分子生物学方法”(“Molecular Biological Methods forBacillus”),John Wiley和Sons,1990)。
用于DNA操作的酶:
除非另外指出,所有用于DNA操作的酶如限制性内切酶、连接酶等均来自New England Biolabs,Inc。DNA操作中使用的酶按照供应商的说明书进行操作。
发酵:
产生枯草杆菌酶的发酵是通过将含有15ml双TY培养基的50ml试管在回转式摇床上(225转/分钟)于37℃,pH 7.3培养2-3天而进行的。
TY培养基的描述见Harwood,C.R.和Cutting,S.M.编辑的"Currentprotocols in Molecular Biology"(JohnWiley and Sons,1995)一书中的1.1.3页,培养基的制备和细菌学方法。
纯化:
自宿主细胞分泌的枯草杆菌酶变体可通过熟知的方法自培养基中常规回收,包括通过离心或过滤自培养基分离细胞,通过盐如硫酸铵沉淀培养基中的蛋白质组分,然后应用层析法如离子交换层析、亲和层析等。
洗涤性能试验
为评估所选择的枯草杆菌酶变体在洗涤剂组合物中的洗涤性能,进行了洗涤实验。本发明的酶变体使用自动机械应力试验(AMSA)测试。使用AMSA试验可快速检查大量的小体积酶洗涤剂溶液的洗涤性能。所述AMSA板具有许多装受试溶液的槽和将织物小条紧紧挤压以使之在槽穴中洗涤的盖子。在洗涤期间,将板、受试溶液、织物和盖子剧烈摇动,以使受试溶液与织物接触并施加机械应力。进一步的描述见WO02/42740,尤其见23-24页“特定方法的实施方案”。
洗涤剂
用于本发明枯草杆菌酶洗涤性能试验的洗涤剂可通过在市场上购买完全制剂好的市售洗涤剂并接下来通过热处理(在水溶液中于85℃加热5分钟)灭活酶成分而获得。而且不含酶的市售洗涤剂基础可直接自供应商处购买。进一步地,合适的模型(model)洗涤剂可根据文中19-24页的教导而组成并用于洗涤性能试验。
实施例
实施例1 酶变体的构建和表达:
定点诱变:
包含特定插入/缺失/替换的本发明枯草杆菌酶309定点变体通过DNA片段的常规克隆(Sambrook等,分子克隆:实验室手册,第二版,冷泉港,1989)制备,其中所述DNA片段通过用包含所需突变的寡聚物进行PCR而产生。
模板质粒DNA可以为pSX222,或为其包含枯草杆菌酶309的变体的类似物。通过寡聚物定向诱变导入突变来构建变体。
将枯草杆菌酶309变体转化入大肠杆菌。从这些转化体的过夜培养物中纯化的DNA通过限制性内切酶消化、DNA片段的纯化、连接、枯草芽孢杆菌的转化,从而转化入枯草芽孢杆菌。枯草芽孢杆菌的转化如Dubnau等,1971,分子生物学杂志,56,209-221页中所述进行。
定点诱变以在特定区域导入突变:
用于进行定点诱变的总体策略是:
合成诱变引物(寡核苷酸),该引物对应于被限定插入/缺失/替换的DNA碱基对分隔开的突变位点两翼的DNA序列。
接下来,所得的诱变引物与改变了的质粒pSX222用于PCR反应。纯化得到的PCR片段,并在第二轮PCR反应中延伸,纯化所得的PCR产物并在第三轮PCR反应中延伸,然后用核酸内切酶消化,并克隆入大肠杆菌-枯草芽孢杆菌穿梭载体。PCR反应在通常条件下进行。利用熟知技术将质粒DNA转化至大肠杆菌中,并测序一个大肠杆菌菌落以验证所设计的突变。
可如上所述构建每一在文中第2页表I所列出的变体。
为了纯化本发明的枯草杆菌酶变体,将包含本发明变体的pSX222表达质粒转化入感受态枯草芽孢杆菌菌株,并如上所述发酵。
实施例2 纯化及酶浓度的评估
发酵后使用疏水电荷感应层析(HCIC)和接下来使用真空过滤纯化枯草杆菌蛋白酶变体。为了捕获酶,HCIC使用的纤维素基质结合有4-巯基-乙基-吡啶(4-MEP)。
将大小为80-100μm的纤维素基质珠与含酵母提取物的培养基和可分泌枯草杆菌蛋白酶变体的经转化枯草芽孢杆菌混合,并在微孔板中于pH 9.5孵育。
由于4-MEP在pH>7时疏水,且枯草杆菌蛋白酶变体在pH 9.5时疏水,所以所分泌的酶和在珠上的4-MEP之间存在疏水相互作用。孵育后,通过真空过滤除去培养基和细胞碎片,而珠子和酶位于滤器上。
为了将酶自珠子上洗脱,通过用洗脱缓冲液(pH 5)洗滤器而降低pH。由此将酶与珠子分离,并可从缓冲液中回收。
经纯化的枯草杆菌蛋白酶变体的浓度通过活性部位滴定(AST)评估。将经纯化酶与不同浓度的高亲和力抑制剂CI-2A孵育,以抑制不同量的活性位点。所述蛋白酶与抑制剂以1:1的比例相互结合,因此酶浓度可直接与抑制剂浓度相关,在抑制剂浓度下,所有的蛋白酶是失活的。为了测定残余蛋白酶活性,在与抑制剂孵育后加入底物(在Tris/HCl缓冲液中的0.6mMSuc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNA),接下来的4分钟降解产物pNA(对硝基酚)的显色使用Elisa读数仪定时于405nm处测定。
在文中第2页表I所列出的每一本发明变体根据上述方法纯化并随后测定酶浓度。
对已知浓度的表I变体如下所述测试在洗涤剂中的洗涤性能。
实施例3 SAVINASE变体的洗涤性能
为了评估所选择的枯草杆菌酶变体在市售洗涤剂基础组合物中的洗涤性能,进行了洗涤实验。本发明的酶变体使用自动机械应力试验(AMSA)测试。使用AMSA试验可快速检查大量的小体积酶洗涤剂溶液的洗涤性能。所述AMSA板具有许多装受试溶液的槽和将织物小条紧紧挤压以使之在槽穴中洗涤的盖子。在洗涤期间,将板、受试溶液、织物和盖子剧烈摇动,以使受试溶液与织物接触并施加机械应力。进一步的描述见WO02/42740,尤其见23-24页“特定方法的实施方案”。
在下述实验条件下进行了两种测试:
测试A
市售洗涤剂基础 | 拉丁美洲型 |
洗涤剂剂量 | 1.5-2.5g/l |
受试溶液体积 | 160μl |
pH | 用NaHCO3调节至10-10.5 |
洗涤时间 | 14分钟 |
温度 | 20℃ |
水硬度 | 6-9°dH |
受试溶液中的酶浓度 | 5nM、10nM和30nM |
受试材料 | EMPA 117 |
拉丁美洲型洗涤剂根据文中24页洗涤剂实施例1的教导组成。通过向测试系统中添加CaCl2和MgCl2(Ca2+:Mg2+=4:1)将水硬度调节到6-9°dH。洗涤后织物片用自来水冲洗并于空气中干燥。
测试B
市售洗涤剂基础 | 欧洲粉末1型 |
洗涤剂剂量 | 6g/l |
受试溶液体积 | 160μl |
pH | 如在洗涤剂中的pH(约10-10.5) |
洗涤时间 | 20分钟 |
温度 | 30℃ |
水硬度 | 6-9°dH |
受试溶液中的酶浓度 | 5nM、10nM和30nM |
受试材料 | EMPA 116 |
欧洲粉末型洗涤剂根据文中24页洗涤剂实施例2的教导组成。通过向测试系统中添加CaCl2·2H2O;MgCl2·6H2O;NaHCO3(Ca2+:Mg2+:HCO3 -=4:1:10)将水硬度调节到15°dH。洗涤后织物片用自来水冲洗并于空气中干燥。
酶变体的洗涤性能测定为用特定酶变体洗涤的织物样本颜色的亮度。亮度可表示为当用白色光照射时自织物样本反射的光强度。当织物有污渍时,反射光的强度较干净的织物低。因此反射光的强度可用于测定酶变体的洗涤性能。
颜色测定用专门的平台扫描仪(PFU DL2400pro)进行,该仪器用于捕捉经洗涤织物样本的成像。使用分辨率200dpi和输出色浓度24比特进行扫描。为了获得准确的结果,将扫描仪经常用柯达反射性IT8靶标校正。
为了从扫描图像获得光强度的值,使用了专门设计的软件(NovozymesColor Vector Analyzer)。该程序自图像获取24比特象素值,并将它们转化为红、绿和兰(RGB)的值。通过将作为向量的RGB值相加然后得到向量长度而计算强度值(Int):
变体的洗涤性能(P)根据下式计算:
P=Int(v)-Int(r)
其中Int(v)为用酶变体洗涤的织物表面的光强度值,且Int(r)为用参照酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶309(BLSAVI)洗涤的织物表面的光强度值。
在下面的表IV和V中给出的结果为性能分值(S),其如下概括了受试酶变体的性能(P):
S(2)表明在所有三个酶浓度(5、10和30nM)下变体表现出优于参照物,且
S(1)表明在一个或两个浓度下变体表现出优于参照物。
表IV 测试A的洗涤性能试验结果
表V 测试B的洗涤性能试验结果
测试C
市售洗涤剂基础 | 欧洲粉末2型 |
洗涤剂剂量 | 4g/l |
受试溶液体积 | 160μl |
pH | 如在洗涤剂中的pH(约10-10.5) |
洗涤时间 | 20分钟 |
温度 | 30℃ |
水硬度 | 6-9°dH |
受试溶液中的酶浓度 | 5nM、10nM和30nM |
受试材料 | EMPA 116 |
欧洲粉末型洗涤剂根据文中24页洗涤剂实施例2的教导组成。通过向测试系统中添加CaCl2·2H2O;MgCl2·6H2O;NaHCO3(Ca2+:Mg2+:HCO3 -=4:1:10)将水硬度调节到15°dH。洗涤后织物片用自来水冲洗并于空气中干燥。
表VI 测试C的洗涤性能试验结果
测试D
市售洗涤剂基础 | 欧洲粉末1型 |
洗涤剂剂量 | 6g/l |
受试溶液体积 | 160μl |
pH | 如在洗涤剂中的pH(约10-10.5) |
洗涤时间 | 20分钟 |
温度 | 30℃ |
水硬度 | 6-9°dH |
受试溶液中的酶浓度 | 5nM、10nM和30nM |
受试材料 | 来自Vlaardingen,NL受试材料中心的C10小片 |
欧洲粉末型洗涤剂根据文中24页洗涤剂实施例2的教导组成。通过向测试系统中添加CaCl2·2H2O;MgCl2·6H2O;NaHCO3(Ca2+:Mg2+:HCO3 -=4:1:10)将水硬度调节到15°dH。洗涤后织物片用自来水冲洗并于空气中干燥。
表VII 测试D的洗涤性能试验结果
Claims (15)
1.枯草杆菌酶变体,其包含选自下述改变中的一个或更多个:
其中
(a)变体具有蛋白酶活性,且
(b)每一位置都对应于SEQ ID NO:1所示枯草杆菌蛋白酶BPN’的氨基酸序列的位置。
2.清洁或洗涤剂组合物,其为洗衣或洗盘组合物,其包含如权利要求1所定义的变体。
3.根据权利要求2的组合物,其还包含纤维素酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、角质酶、蛋白酶、半纤维素酶、乳糖酶、糖淀粉酶、聚半乳糖醛酸酶、β-半乳糖苷酶、木素酶或它们的混合物。
4.如权利要求1定义的变体在洗衣和/或洗盘洗涤剂中的用途。
5.编码如权利要求1所定义的枯草杆菌酶变体的经分离DNA序列。
6.包含权利要求5的经分离DNA序列的表达载体。
7.用权利要求6的表达载体转化的微生物宿主细胞。
8.根据权利要求7的微生物宿主细胞,其为细菌。
9.根据权利要求8的微生物宿主细胞,其为芽孢杆菌。
10.根据权利要求9的微生物宿主细胞,其迟缓芽孢杆菌。
11.根据权利要求7的微生物宿主细胞,其为真菌。
12.根据权利要求11的微生物宿主细胞,其为丝状真菌。
13.根据权利要求12的微生物宿主细胞,其为曲霉。
14.根据权利要求7的微生物宿主细胞,其为酵母。
15.产生如权利要求1所定义的枯草杆菌酶变体的方法,其中将权利要求7-14中任一项的宿主细胞在利于该变体表达和分泌的条件下培养,并回收该变体。
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