CN105009880A - Method for growing bletilla rhizome seedlings - Google Patents
Method for growing bletilla rhizome seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105009880A CN105009880A CN201510381415.2A CN201510381415A CN105009880A CN 105009880 A CN105009880 A CN 105009880A CN 201510381415 A CN201510381415 A CN 201510381415A CN 105009880 A CN105009880 A CN 105009880A
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- seedling
- cultivating method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses provides a method for growing bletilla rhizome seedlings. The method includes steps of preparing base materials, building a seedling booth, laying base materials, disinfecting a seedling bed and sowing. The base materials are sieved with a 20-mesh sieve to separate coarse base materials from fine base materials. A shading booth is built above the seedling bed to form the seedling booth. Coarse base materials with a thickness of 4-6cm, as basic layer of base materials, are laid on the seedling bed, and a mixture of fine base materials and fermented organic fertilizer, with a thickness of 4-6cm, is laid on the coarse base materials. An antiseptic solution with a mass density of 0.03% is sprayed on the seedling bed to disinfect the seedling bed. Bletilla rhizome seeds are sow on the disinfected seedling bed, and then covered with plant ashes. The method ensures 80-90% of germination rate, and the seedling survival rate of qualified seedling reaches about 60%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to a kind of seedling-cultivating method of bletilla seed.
Background technology
Bletilla has another name called Lian Jicao, Gan Gen, gives free of charge, indocalamus is blue, Zhu Lan, purple orchid, purple a species of orchid, hundred large bamboo hats with a conical crown and broad brim.Belong to perennial herb bulbous plant (block root), be mainly distributed in China, Taiwan, Japan and Upper Myanmar.Hua Mei is applicable to the use of viewing and admiring, and the name after its bulb dries is called bletilla, belongs to Chinese herbal medicine, has medical value widely, is mainly used in astringing to arrest bleeding, detumescence and promoting granulation, and other also has the purposes being used as thickener.The pattern of general kind is aubergine, so another name is purple blue; Separately there is the flower of a mutation for white, be called and spend bletilla in vain.The main florescence is in spring, but according to the difference of various places weather, evening, Winter Solstice, early summer all may be bloomed.
The cultivation of bletilla seedling and the breeding efficiency of bletilla seed have very important relation, but to there is germination rate low for existing seedling-cultivating method, the problem that seedling survival rate is low.
Therefore, desirable to provide a kind of seedling-cultivating method that can improve bletilla seed germination rate and seedling survival rate.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the present invention proposes a kind of seedling-cultivating method of the new bletilla seed at least partially that can solve the problem.
The invention provides a kind of seedling-cultivating method of bletilla seed, comprise the steps:
Matrix preparation process: seedling medium 20 mesh sieves are sieved as thick matrix and thin matrix;
Seedling growth greenhouse builds step: above seedling bed, build shade, forms seedling growth greenhouse;
Matrix lays step: on seedling bed, lay the thick thick matrix of 4-6cm as bottom matrix, in thick matrix, then lay the mixture of the thick thin matrix of 4-6cm and fermentation fertilizer;
Seedling bed sterilisation step: by mass concentration be 0.03% thimerosal spray disinfectant is carried out to seedling bed;
Sowing step: by bletilla planting seed in sterilization after seedling bed on, with ash, seed is covered.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, described seedling-cultivating method comprises water management step further: after sowing bletilla seed, guarantee that seedling growth greenhouse humidity is 70-80%, seedling bed soil moisture is 45-55%.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, described seedling-cultivating method comprises seedling bed management process further: after sowing bletilla seed, carry out weeding and remove moss to seedling bed.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, described seedling-cultivating method comprises pest management step further: after sowing bletilla seed, within every 10 days, spray thimerosal carry out disinfection to seedling bed, within every 20 days, spray insecticide to seedling bed and carry out desinsection.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, described seedling-cultivating method comprises step of emerging further: when the seedling of bletilla seed germination grows to 3-4cm, this seedling is shifted out seedling bed.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in described matrix is laid, thin matrix and fermentation fertilizer are that the ratio of 2:1 mixes with weight ratio.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, educate in sowing step described, every mu of seedling bed sowing 0.5-0.7kg bletilla seed.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, weeding was carried out to seedling bed in every 4-6 days.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, adopt mass concentration be 0.3% copper-bath spray seedling bed to kill moss.
Alternatively, according to seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, described thimerosal is carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, and described insecticide is cypermethrin.
The seedling-cultivating method of bletilla seed of the present invention can make the germination rate of bletilla seed reach 80-90%, and the survival rate of seedling meeting requirement of emerging can reach about 60%.
Embodiment
The invention provides many applicable creative concepts, this creative concept can be reflected in a large number of in concrete context.The specific embodiment described in following embodiments of the present invention only as the exemplary illustration of the specific embodiment of the present invention, and does not form limitation of the scope of the invention.
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The invention provides a kind of seedling-cultivating method of bletilla seed, comprise the steps:
Matrix preparation process: seedling medium 20 mesh sieves are sieved as thick matrix and thin matrix;
Seedling growth greenhouse builds step: above seedling bed, build shade, forms seedling growth greenhouse;
Matrix lays step: on seedling bed, lay the thick thick matrix of 4-6cm as bottom matrix, in thick matrix, then lay the mixture of the thick thin matrix of 4-6cm and fermentation fertilizer;
Seedling bed sterilisation step: by mass concentration be 0.03% thimerosal spray disinfectant is carried out to seedling bed;
Sowing step: by bletilla planting seed in sterilization after seedling bed on, with ash, seed is covered.
In the present invention, the bletilla seed used gathers after bletilla kind pod to obtain, and therefore, before carrying out matrix preparation process, can also carry out kind of a pod and to gather step.The time of gathering, when kind of an area for pod yellowing reaches 2/3, the seed in fruit was yellow-white, gently dips in seed with toothpick generally after annual mid-July, and namely seed natural separation can represent that seed is ripe, can carry out kind of a pod and gather.Be understandable that, the bletilla seed of commercially available maturation also can be adopted to carry out nursery.
In matrix preparation process, the application number that seedling medium used was applied for before applicant is be documented in the patent document of 201410249457.6, and it is made up of the well-rotted farmyard manure of the bark residue of 90 ~ 110 weight portions, the river sand of 30 ~ 34 weight portions and 4 ~ 6 weight portions.Use this matrix, the survival rate of bletilla seedling can be improved, and the growth of bletilla seedling can be accelerated, improve its growth quality.
The present invention selects light application time to grow, has abundant water resources, road and the secure smooth plot of electricity as nursery, domestication nursery was done in such as rice fields etc. can.After choosing nursery, adopt brick or fortifield village to become wide 1.2m, the case of long 3.5m, as seedling bed.Wherein, at the bottom of case lower than level land 10cm.In this nursery, build the shade that canopy height is 2m, the shade density of shade net is generally 90%.Then can lay matrix in this seedling bed, first lay thick matrix as bottom matrix, then flatten, re-lay the mixture of the fertilizer of thin matrix and fermentation.Usually, the fertilizer of described thin matrix and described fermentation is that the ratio of 2:1 mixes with weight ratio.Last get out the long bamboo chip of 2.5m and the wide plastic foil of 2m again, ash, for the scaffolding moisturizing after planting seed is prepared.Nursery need shine ground after one week can carry out the sowing of seed, to prevent from after planting growing moss in a short time.
Before sowing bletilla seed, first the nursery plank completing matrix laying is suitably firmly compressed, make seedbed flatness consistent.Then seedling bed is carried out disinfection.The dilution of potassium permanganate or copper sulphate can be adopted to carry out disinfection.Wherein, the water adding 1000kg in every 300g potassium permanganate or copper sulphate makes dilution, and every mu of seedling bed uses this dilution 1000kg can meet sterilization requirement.
When carrying out sowing step, when adopting the seed in bletilla kind pod to sow, first with the alcohol of 75%, kind of a pod can be soaked 5 minutes, then blot kind of a pod transepidermal water with after running water cleaning kind pod 5 times, be placed in sterile chamber.During sowing, cut kind of a pod open, gently dip in seed make it loosen with the toothpick of sterilizing, be then placed in plant pod above seedling bed with hand, shake makes seed evenly be sowed on seedling bed gently.Usually, every mu of seedling bed sowing 0.5-0.7kg bletilla seed is advisable.After seed is broadcast, first with 20 mesh sieves by ash sieve on seedling bed, seed is covered, then is plugged bamboo arch, builds plastic foil, carry out moisturizing, heat insulation work, treat seed germination after about 20 days.
After bletilla planting seed to seedling bed, in order to ensure its follow-up normal sprouting, also need carry out water management, seedling bed management, pest management to it and emerge.Below will be specifically described.
Water management: after planting require that special messenger is responsible for water management every day.If temperature is too high after seedling growth greenhouse endogenous budding, then must every day the plastic foil that canopy two opened by 12 noon clock ventilate, ventilative, temperature is reduced; Build plastic foil before 17:30 in the afternoon, carry out nursery moisturizing, heat insulation work, guarantee that the humidity of seedling growth greenhouse is at 70-80%, soil moisture is 50%.
Seedling bed manages: the management comprising crop smothering, moss, carries out weeding and remove moss to seedbed.Timely weeding is wanted in seedbed, and because of bletilla seedling poor growth, weed growth is fast, will remove so see careless bud.Weeding can not directly up be mentioned, and thumb, the forefinger of application hand are clamped careless bud and carried out back rotation, and the radicula of careless bud is all fractureed, more careless bud is pulled out.Needs uprooting weed in seedling bed 4-6 days once.If moss is longer more than 0.8cm, should select fine day have the 12:00-15:00 mass concentration at noon of sunlight be 0.3% copper-bath spray seedling bed, kill moss.
Pest management: after sowing bletilla seed, thimerosal is sprayed to seedling bed and carries out disinfection for every 10 days, insecticide was sprayed to seedling bed in every 20 days and carry out desinsection.Described thimerosal is carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, and described insecticide is cypermethrin.The 800-1000 being described thimerosal or the insecticide times dilution sprayed, every mu of seedling bed sprays 45kg.Except sterilization and desinsection, if humidity is excessive, easily there is gray mold, then can to mix with the thiophanate methyl of 20% with the medicinal talcum powder of 80% and impose on ill seedling bed.
Emerge: when the seedling of bletilla seed germination grows to 3-4cm, this seedling is shifted out seedling bed, move on to domestication bed planting.Emerging the previous day, using carbendazim to carry out disinfection to whole seedling bed, and spray permeable.During lifting, scooping up the degree of depth on seedling bed gently with scuppit is the soil of 4cm, and hand-held firmly bletilla seedling leaf, shrugs off matrix gently; Load Miao Panshi, check seedling quantity, make root downwards, blade face upwards, be positioned in seedling dish, the strain of each seedling dish dress seedling 1000; During vanning, seedling dish upper cover seedling dish also compresses layer by layer, fills up room in case with soft material; In transportation, the mutual friction of seedling dish phase, haulage vehicle can not be allowed to require ventilation, closed, energy lucifuge, to avoid producing high temperature.If stop off, under car can not be parked in burning sun, should stop in cool place place, handlebar seedling dish should be unloaded in time and take out in case and be put in cool place after arrival milpa.
The present invention is by the seedling-cultivating method of improvement bletilla seed, and solve bletilla seed germination rate low, seedling percent is low, grows slow problem, and the germination rate of bletilla seed is up to 80-90%, and the seedling percent meeting requirement of emerging reaches 60%.
It should be noted, the present invention will be described instead of limit the invention for above-described embodiment, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiment when not departing from the scope of claims.In the claims, any reference symbol between bracket should be configured to limitations on claims.Word " comprises " not to be got rid of existence and does not arrange element in the claims or step.Word "a" or "an" before being positioned at element is not got rid of and be there is multiple such element.Word first, second and third-class use do not represent any order.Can be title by these word explanations.
Claims (10)
1. a seedling-cultivating method for bletilla seed, comprises the steps:
Matrix preparation process: seedling medium 20 mesh sieves are sieved as thick matrix and thin matrix;
Seedling growth greenhouse builds step: above seedling bed, build shade, forms seedling growth greenhouse;
Matrix lays step: on seedling bed, lay the thick thick matrix of 4-6cm as bottom matrix, in thick matrix, then lay the mixture of the thick thin matrix of 4-6cm and fermentation fertilizer;
Seedling bed sterilisation step: by mass concentration be 0.03% thimerosal spray disinfectant is carried out to seedling bed;
Sowing step: by bletilla planting seed in sterilization after seedling bed on, with ash, seed is covered.
2. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, described seedling-cultivating method comprises water management step further: after sowing bletilla seed, guarantee that seedling growth greenhouse humidity is 70-80%, seedling bed soil moisture is 45-55%.
3. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, wherein, described seedling-cultivating method comprises seedling bed management process further: after sowing bletilla seed, carry out weeding and remove moss to seedling bed.
4. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, wherein, described seedling-cultivating method comprises pest management step further: after sowing bletilla seed, within every 10 days, spray thimerosal carry out disinfection to seedling bed, within every 20 days, spray insecticide to seedling bed and carry out desinsection.
5. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, wherein, described seedling-cultivating method comprises step of emerging further: when the seedling of bletilla seed germination grows to 3-4cm, this seedling is shifted out seedling bed.
6., according to the seedling-cultivating method in claim 1-5 described in any one, wherein, in described matrix is laid, thin matrix and fermentation fertilizer are that the ratio of 2:1 mixes with weight ratio.
7. according to the seedling-cultivating method in claim 1-5 described in any one, wherein, educate in sowing step described, every mu of seedling bed sowing 0.5-0.7kg bletilla seed.
8. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 3, wherein, carries out weeding to seedling bed in every 4-6 days.
9. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 3, wherein, adopt mass concentration be 0.3% copper-bath spray seedling bed to kill moss.
10. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 4, wherein, described thimerosal is carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, and described insecticide is cypermethrin.
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| CN201510381415.2A CN105009880B (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105815067A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 贵州大学 | Direct seeding breeding method for bletilla striata seeds |
| CN106105733A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-16 | 临汾经济技术开发区科润农业技术咨询中心 | A kind of trench digging arch film implantation methods of growing vegetables ahead of time |
| CN106358664A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 任鑫 | Method for sexually breeding Bletilla striata seedlings on large scale by simulating natural conditions |
| CN106416690A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-02-22 | 湖南新杰农业开发有限公司 | Method for improving survival rate of Bletilla striata seedlings |
| CN106538208A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 贵州浩宇生物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seed sowing in the field nursery |
| CN108094105A (en) * | 2018-01-21 | 2018-06-01 | 大姚县春苗中药材种植有限公司 | The cultivation implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105815067A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 贵州大学 | Direct seeding breeding method for bletilla striata seeds |
| CN106105733A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-16 | 临汾经济技术开发区科润农业技术咨询中心 | A kind of trench digging arch film implantation methods of growing vegetables ahead of time |
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| CN106416690A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-02-22 | 湖南新杰农业开发有限公司 | Method for improving survival rate of Bletilla striata seedlings |
| CN106538208A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 贵州浩宇生物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seed sowing in the field nursery |
| CN108094105A (en) * | 2018-01-21 | 2018-06-01 | 大姚县春苗中药材种植有限公司 | The cultivation implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
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