CN1109490C

CN1109490C - Three-stage technology for cultivating seedlings of common vetch by using spore propagation

Info

Publication number: CN1109490C
Application number: CN98121652A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何义发
Original assignee: Hubei University for Nationalities
Current assignee: Hubei University for Nationalities
Priority date: 1998-10-27
Filing date: 1998-10-27
Publication date: 2003-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2018-10-27
Also published as: CN1216676A

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-stage seedling and rhizome culturing technology for vetch spore propagation, which uses vetch spores to carry out sexual propagation. A seed rhizome which can be directly used for artificial cultivation is formed by a seedling emergence stage, a seedling training stage and a rhizome culturing stage by the environment which is artificially controlled, and a series of measures which promote the rhizome to grow. The technology has the advantages of strong operability, large propagation coefficient, economy, practicality, easy popularization and generalization, and good economic and social benefit.

Description

Common vetch dish sporogenesis " three section type " is grown seedlings and is trained root and stem of certain plants method

One, technical field the invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, specifically is exactly a kind of method of utilizing common vetch dish spore artificial breeding seedling.

Two, background technology common vetch dish is the hill dish that a kind of wild pteridophytes osmund (Osmund japonica) and sibling species plant division osmund (Osmund cinnamomea) tender leaf thereof process, countries and regions such as main exit Japan, Korea S, Taiwan have higher economic value.At present; the development and use of China's common vetch dish only rest in the utilization of wild resource; and wild resource disperses; commodity rate is low; and because robbed the harvesting of formula in recent years; resource is exhausted day by day; carry out artificial cultivation, the market demand that increases is day by day satisfied in size of the organization production; be rationally to utilize common vetch dish resources effective approach; artificial cultivation needs a large amount of kind root and stem of certain plants (the perennial rhizome of Osmundaceae plant forms root and stem of certain plants shape), and under the wild state, common vetch dish natural propagation ability; utilize the wild species root and stem of certain plants can not improve social output, and be difficult to satisfy the tame needs of large tracts of land.

Three, summary of the invention the invention provides a kind of common vetch dish sporogenesis " three section type " training root and stem of certain plants method of growing seedlings, utilize the big advantage of common vetch dish spore quantity, with the method for sexual propagation, can obtain to plant in a large number the root and stem of certain plants, thereby can satisfy the demand of large tracts of land artificial cultivation kind of the root and stem of certain plants.

The present invention is a method of utilizing the spore of common vetch dish to carry out sexual propagation, by the measure of manual control environment and a series of promotion root growths, through emerging, hardening, training root and stem of certain plants three phases form and can be directly used in the tame kind of root and stem of certain plants.Gather the common vetch dish and be green, the ripe sporophyll of the little Huang of base portion, cool to the room ventilation place, treat to collect spore with 100 mesh sieves behind the sporangium cracking, spore is contained in 120 mesh sieves, shake gently, evenly be sowed at through 120 ℃, on the matrix that is rich in humus that 0.14MPa, 30 minutes high-temperature vapours disinfect, the proportioning of matrix is the nursery soil of 50% forest soil+50%, cross 60 mesh sieves and mix, the long 1m of wooden frame of dress matrix, wide 0.5m, 20 of the apertures of diameter 2cm are beaten in the bottom, matrix wooden frame splendid attire places indoor sun-drenched window limit, preserves moisture with plastic canopy, make relative air humidity more than 90%, its field capacity 100～110%, temperature are controlled between 25～32 ℃, guarantee illumination more than 6 hours average every day, average intensity of illumination 1500LX～2000LX, if the illumination deficiency is then used the fluorescent lamp light filling,, use NAA5mg/kg+KH to promote sprouting ₂PO ₄0.2% sprays matrix, and after 3 weeks, spore germination prothallium occurred after one month, occurred the sporophyte seedling after one month, waters with 1000 times of liquid of carbendazim and executes, and after seedling all sprouts at the beginning of 10 months, adopts general management method to survive the winter, and this is the stage of emerging.

Spring in next year early March, after seedling after surviving the winter turns green, transplant in the plastics nutrient cup of splendid attire nutrition soil or plastic containers bag and carry out container nursery, the prescription of nutrition soil is the superphosphate of burnt dust-ashes+5% of 60% nursery soil+20% forest soil+15%, and trasplanting method is with the bamboo let punching seedling to be implanted, the nature compacting gets final product, initial stage waters with atomizer spray, uses watering pot behind the normal root instead, places sunshade off the net, use the plastic canopy moisture-heat preservation, use 0.5%KH at the beginning of 5 months ₂PO ₄Spray, every 1 day 1 time, continued for 2 weeks, take off film July～August, and overlay film is survived the winter by the end of September, and this is the hardening stage.

The sporophyte seedling is after 1 year hardening, root growth is significantly accelerated, leatherleaf forms, and seedling before the early spring foliation, is scratched container or pour out root ball, have above being imbedded on the sunshade net nursery lot that farming is good, make base fertilizer with farmyard manure, the blade face sprayed 3～4 times and adopted and cut off acrial part winter with " spraying treasured " 5～June, and the way of turning over the root and stem of certain plants early spring promotes kind of a root and stem of certain plants to increase girth growth, " spray treasured " every mu convert water 25kg with 20g, be the training root and stem of certain plants stage.Through 2 years training root and stem of certain plants, autumn and winter next year, plant the root and stem of certain plants and form, can go out the garden and go up a hill and plant.

Advantage of the present invention is that reproduction coefficient is big, strong operability, economical and practical, cost is low, easily penetration and promotion, economical, societal benefits are big.

Claims

1, a kind of common vetch dish sporogenesis seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that carrying out sexual propagation with common vetch dish conidial powder, through emerging, hardening and training root and stem of certain plants three phases are cultivated, spore evenly is sowed at through 120 ℃, 0.14MPa, on the matrix that is rich in humus of high-temperature steam sterilization processing in 30 minutes, preserve moisture with plastic canopy, make relative air humidity more than 90%, matrix field capacity 100～110%, temperature is controlled between 20～32 ℃, guarantee illumination more than 6 hours average every day, average intensity of illumination 1500LX-2000LX if the light deficiency is then used the fluorescent lamp light filling, uses NAA5mg/kg+KH ₂PO ₄0.2% sprays matrix, after 3 weeks, spore germination prothallium occurred after one month, the sporophyte seedling appearred after three months, this is the stage of emerging, after the seedling after the spring in next year survives the winter turns green, with seedling replanting in the plastics nutrient cup or plastic containers bag of containing nutrition soil, initial stage waters with atomizer spray, use watering pot behind the normal root instead, place sunshade off the net, use 0.5%KH at the beginning of 5 months ₂PO ₄Spray, every 1 day 1 time, continued for 2 weeks, the sporophyte seedling is after 1 year hardening, and root growth is significantly accelerated, leatherleaf forms, root ball is scratched or poured out to seedling before the early spring foliation, with container, have above being imbedded on the sunshade net nursery lot that farming is good, make base fertilizer with farmyard manure, carry out foliar application 3～4 time with " spraying treasured " 5～June.

2, common vetch dish sporogenesis seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the proportioning of matrix is 50% forest soil+50% nursery soil, cross 60 mesh sieves and mix, and the long 1m of wooden frame of dress matrix, wide 0.5m, 20 of the apertures of diameter 2cm are beaten in the bottom.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the prescription of nutrition soil is 60% nursery soil+20% forest soil+15% burnt dust-ashes+5% superphosphate.

4, common vetch dish sporogenesis seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method that foliage-spray " sprays treasured " is: every mu of usefulness " sprays treasured ", and 20g converts water 25kg.