CN105009880B - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN105009880B CN105009880B CN201510381415.2A CN201510381415A CN105009880B CN 105009880 B CN105009880 B CN 105009880B CN 201510381415 A CN201510381415 A CN 201510381415A CN 105009880 B CN105009880 B CN 105009880B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed, comprise the following steps：Matrix preparation process：It is thick matrix and thin matrix that seedling medium is sieved with 20 mesh sieves；Seedling growth greenhouse builds step：Shade is built above seedling bed, forms seedling growth greenhouse；Matrix lays step：The thick thick matrix of 4 6cm is laid on seedling bed as bottom matrix, the thick thin matrix of 4 6cm and the mixture of fermentation organic fertilizer are then laid in thick matrix；Seedling bed sterilisation step：Spray disinfectant is carried out to seedling bed with the thimerosal that mass concentration is 0.03%；Sow step：Bletilla seed is seeded on the seedling bed after sterilization, hidden seed with plant ash.The method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed of the present invention enables to the germination rate of bletilla seed to reach 80 90%, meets the survival rate of seedling of emergence requirement up to 60% or so.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, more particularly to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed.
Background technology
Bletilla also known as Lian Jicao, Gan Gen, give free of charge, indocalamus is blue, Zhu Lan, purple blue, purple a species of orchid, hundred large bamboo hats with a conical crown and broad brim.Belong to perennial herb napiform root to plant
Thing (root tuber), is mainly distributed on China, Taiwan, Japan and Upper Myanmar.Hua Mei, which is adapted to view and admire, to be used, after its bulb dries
Entitled bletilla, belongs to Chinese herbal medicine, there is extensive medical value, is mainly used in astringing to arrest bleeding, detumescence and promoting granulation, it is other also have as
The purposes of thickener.The pattern of general kind is in aubergine, so also known as purple blue；The another flower for having a mutation is white, referred to as white
It is grey and.The main florescence may all bloom in spring, but according to the difference of various regions weather, late Winter Solstice early summer.
The cultivation of bletilla seedling and the breeding efficiency of bletilla seed have a highly important relation, but existing nursery side
The problem of method is low there is germination rate, and seedling survival rate is low.
A kind of accordingly, it is desirable to provide method for culturing seedlings that can improve bletilla seed germination rate and seedling survival rate.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of nursery at least one of new bletilla seed that can be solved the above problems
Method.
The invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed, comprise the following steps：
Matrix preparation process：It is thick matrix and thin matrix that seedling medium is sieved with 20 mesh sieves；
Seedling growth greenhouse builds step：Shade is built above seedling bed, forms seedling growth greenhouse；
Matrix lays step：The thick thick matrix of 4-6cm is laid on seedling bed as bottom matrix, then in thick matrix
Lay the thick thin matrix of 4-6cm and the mixture of fermentation organic fertilizer；
Seedling bed sterilisation step：Spray disinfectant is carried out to seedling bed with the thimerosal that mass concentration is 0.03%；
Sow step：Bletilla seed is seeded on the seedling bed after sterilization, hidden seed with plant ash.
Alternatively, water management step is further comprised according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, the method for culturing seedlings：Sowing is white
And after seed, it is ensured that humidity is 70-80% in seedling growth greenhouse, and seedling bed soil moisture is 45-55%.
Alternatively, seedling bed management process is further comprised according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, the method for culturing seedlings：Sowing
After bletilla seed, weeding is carried out to seedling bed and except moss.
Alternatively, pest management step is further comprised according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, the method for culturing seedlings：Sowing
After bletilla seed, thimerosal is sprayed to seedling bed and carried out disinfection within every 10 days, insecticide is sprayed within every 20 days to seedling bed and carries out desinsection.
Alternatively, according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, the method for culturing seedlings further comprises step of emerging：Treat bletilla seed
When the seedling of sprouting grows to 3-4cm, the seedling is removed into seedling bed.
Alternatively, according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, in matrix laying, thin matrix is with fermentation organic fertilizer with weight
Than for 2:1 ratio mixing.
Alternatively, according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, sowing step is educated described, every mu of seedling bed sows 0.5-
0.7kg bletilla seeds.
Alternatively, according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, weeding is carried out to seedling bed per 4-6 days.
Alternatively, according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, mass concentration is used to spray seedling bed for 0.3% copper-bath
To kill moss.
Alternatively, it is carbendazim or thiophanate methyl according to the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, the thimerosal, the insecticide
For cypermethrin.
The method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed of the present invention enables to the germination rate of bletilla seed to reach 80-90%, full
The survival rate of seedling that foot emergence requires is up to 60% or so.
Embodiment
The invention provides many applicable creative concepts, the creative concept can be reflected in a large number of on specific
Hereinafter.Specific embodiment described in following embodiments of the present invention is only as embodiment of the invention
Exemplary illustration, and be not meant to limit the scope of the invention.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed, comprise the following steps：
Matrix preparation process：It is thick matrix and thin matrix that seedling medium is sieved with 20 mesh sieves；
Seedling growth greenhouse builds step：Shade is built above seedling bed, forms seedling growth greenhouse；
Matrix lays step：The thick thick matrix of 4-6cm is laid on seedling bed as bottom matrix, then in thick matrix
Lay the thick thin matrix of 4-6cm and the mixture of fermentation organic fertilizer；
Seedling bed sterilisation step：Spray disinfectant is carried out to seedling bed with the thimerosal that mass concentration is 0.03%；
Sow step：Bletilla seed is seeded on the seedling bed after sterilization, hidden seed with plant ash.
In the present invention, used bletilla seed is acquisition after harvesting bletilla kind pod, therefore, prepares step carrying out matrix
Before rapid, kind of a pod harvesting step can also be carried out.The time of harvesting typically after annual mid-July, treats that kind of a pod becomes yellow
When the area of color reaches 2/3, the seed in fruit is in yellow-white, gently dips in seed with toothpick, seed being capable of natural separation i.e. expression
Seed is ripe, can carry out kind of a pod harvesting.It is understood that commercially available ripe bletilla seed can also be used to carry out
Nursery.
In matrix preparation process, Application No. that seedling medium used is applied before applicant
It is documented in 201410249457.6 patent document, it is by the bark residues of 90~110 parts by weight, 30~34 parts by weight
River sand and the well-rotted farmyard manure of 4~6 parts by weight are made.Use the matrix, it is possible to increase the survival rate of bletilla seedling, and can accelerate
The growth of bletilla seedling, improve its growth quality.
Present invention selection light application time is long, have abundant water resources, smooth plot that road and electricity are secure is as nursery, such as rice
Domestication nursery was done in field etc. can.After choosing nursery, using brick or fortifield village into wide 1.2m, long 3.5m case, as educating
Seedbed.Wherein, bottom is less than level land 10cm.The a height of 2m of canopy shade, the shade density one of shade net are built in the nursery
As be 90%.Then matrix can be laid in the seedling bed, thick matrix is laid first as bottom matrix, then flattens, then
Lay thin matrix and the mixture of the organic fertilizer of fermentation.Usually, the thin matrix and the organic fertilizer of the fermentation are with weight ratio
For 2:1 ratio mixing.The wide plastic foil of the last bamboo chip for getting out 2.5m length again and 2m, plant ash, for seed after planting
Scaffolding moisturizing prepare.Nursery, which need to shine ground, can carry out the sowing of seed after one week, to prevent from after planting growing in a short time
Go out moss.
Before bletilla seed is sowed, the nursery for completing matrix laying is suitably firmly compressed with plank first, allows seedling
Bed flatness is consistent.Then seedling bed is carried out disinfection.The dilution of potassium permanganate or copper sulphate can be used to carry out disinfection.Its
In, dilution is made in the water that 1000kg is added per 300g potassium permanganate or in copper sulphate, and every mu of seedling bed uses the dilution
1000kg can meet that sterilization requires.
When carrying out sowing step, when the seed in use bletilla kind pod is sowed, first can be incited somebody to action with 75% alcohol
Kind of pod is soaked 5 minutes, then clean with running water plant pod 5 times after blot kind of a pod transepidermal water, be placed in sterile chamber.During sowing,
Kind of a pod is splitted, gently dipping in seed with the toothpick sterilized makes its loose, is then placed in above seedling bed with hand handle kind pod, gently shaken
Seed is set uniformly to be sowed on seedling bed.Usually, every mu of seedling bed sowing 0.5-0.7kg bletilla seed is advisable.After seed is broadcast,
First plant ash is sieved on seedling bed with 20 mesh sieves, seed is hidden, then is plugged bamboo arch, covers plastic foil, moisturizing is carried out, protects
Temperature work, seed is sprouted after treating 20 days or so.
Bletilla seed is sowed to seedling bed, in order to ensure its it is follow-up normal sprout, also need to carry out it water management,
Seedling bed management, pest management and emergence.It will be specifically described below.
Water management：After planting require that special messenger is responsible for water management daily.If temperature is too high after seedling growth greenhouse endogenous budding, then
12 noon clock it must open the plastic foil ventilation at canopy two daily, breathe freely, reduce temperature；In the afternoon 17：Modeling is covered before 30
Expect film, carry out nursery moisturizing, heat insulation work, it is ensured that the humidity of seedling growth greenhouse is in 70-80%, and soil moisture is 50%.
Seedling bed management：Management including crop smothering, moss, weeding is carried out to seedbed and except moss.Timely weeding is wanted in seedbed,
Because bletilla seedling is slow-growing, weed growth is fast, so seeing careless bud will remove.Weeding directly can not up lift, using hand
Thumb, forefinger clamp careless bud and carry out back rotation, and the radicula of careless bud is all fractureed, then careless bud is pulled out.Seedling bed needs for 4-6 days
Uprooting weed is once.If moss is longer more than 0.8cm, fine day should be selected to have the noon 12 of sunlight:00-15:00 is with mass concentration
0.3% copper-bath sprays seedling bed, kills moss.
Pest management：After sowing bletilla seed, thimerosal is sprayed to seedling bed and carried out disinfection within every 10 days, every 20 days to educating
Seedbed sprays insecticide and carries out desinsection.The thimerosal is carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, and the insecticide is cypermethrin.Spray
What is applied is 800-1000 times of dilution of the thimerosal or insecticide, and every mu of seedling bed sprays 45kg.Except sterilization
And desinsection, if humidity is excessive, easily there is gray mold, then can with 80% medicinal talcum powder and 20% thiophanate methyl
Mixing is imposed on ill seedling bed.
Emergence：When the seedling that bletilla seed is sprouted grows to 3-4cm, the seedling is removed into seedling bed, moves on to domestication seedbed
Cultivation.In emergence the previous day, whole seedling bed is carried out disinfection using carbendazim, and sprays permeable.During lifting, gently shoveled with scuppit
The soil that depth on seedling bed is 4cm is played, hand holds bletilla seedling leaf, gently shrugs off matrix；When loading seed plate, seedling number is checked
Amount, makes that root is downward, blade face is upward, is positioned in seed plate, and each seed plate fills 1000 plants of seedling；During vanning, one, lid on a seed plate
Seed plate simultaneously compresses layer by layer, fills up room in case with soft material；In transportation, it is impossible to allow seed plate phase mutual friction, transport vehicle
Requirement divulges information, do not close, can lucifuge, to avoid producing high temperature.If stop off, car can not be parked under burning sun, should be stopped
In shady place, after milpa is reached handlebar seed plate should be unloaded in time and taken out out of case and be put in shady place.
The present invention solves that bletilla seed germination rate is low, and seedling percent is low by improveing the method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed,
The problem of slow is grown, the germination rate of bletilla seed is up to 80-90%, meets the seedling percent that emergence requires and reaches 60%.
It should be noted that the present invention will be described rather than limits the invention for above-described embodiment, and this
Art personnel can design alternative embodiment without departing from the scope of the appended claims.In claim
In, any reference symbol between bracket should not be configured to limitations on claims.Word "comprising" is not excluded for depositing
In element or step not listed in the claims.Word "a" or "an" before element do not exclude the presence of it is multiple this
The element of sample.The use of word first, second, and third does not indicate that any order.These words can be construed to title.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. method for culturing seedlings of bletilla seed, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：Matrix preparation process：It is thick matrix and thin matrix that seedling medium is sieved with 20 mesh sieves, and the seedling medium is by 90~110 The bark residue of parts by weight, the river sand of 30~34 parts by weight, the well-rotted farmyard manure of 4~6 parts by weight are made；Seedling growth greenhouse builds step：Shade is built above seedling bed, forms seedling growth greenhouse, the shade density of shade net is 90%；Matrix lays step：The thick thick matrix of 4-6cm is laid on seedling bed as bottom matrix, is then laid in thick matrix Thin matrix thick 4-6cm and the mixture of fermentation organic fertilizer；Seedling bed sterilisation step：Spray disinfectant is carried out to seedling bed with the thimerosal that mass concentration is 0.03%, nursery need to shine ground The sowing of seed can be carried out after one week；Sow step：Bletilla seed is seeded on the seedling bed after sterilization, hidden seed with plant ash, using bletilla kind When seed in pod is sowed, first will plant pod with 75% alcohol and soak 5 minutes, then clean with running water plant pod 5 times after blot Kind pod transepidermal water, is placed in sterile chamber；Emergence step：When bletilla seed sprout seedling grow to 3-4cm when, by the seedling remove seedling bed, emergence the previous day, Whole seedling bed is carried out disinfection using carbendazim, and sprays permeable, during lifting, depth on seedling bed is gently scooped up with scuppit is 4cm soil, hand hold bletilla seedling leaf, gently shrug off matrix.
- 2. the method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The method for culturing seedlings further comprises water management Step：After sowing bletilla seed, it is ensured that humidity is 70-80% in seedling growth greenhouse, and seedling bed soil humidity is 45-55%.
- 3. the method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Wherein, the method for culturing seedlings further comprises nursery Bed management process：After sowing bletilla seed, weeding is carried out to seedling bed and except moss.
- 4. the method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Wherein, the method for culturing seedlings further comprises disease pest Evil management process：After sowing bletilla seed, thimerosal is sprayed to seedling bed and carried out disinfection within every 10 days, seedling bed sprayed in every 20 days Apply insecticide and carry out desinsection.
- 5. according to the method for culturing seedlings described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：Wherein, laid in the matrix In, thin matrix is with fermentation organic fertilizer using weight ratio as 2:1 ratio mixing.
- 6. according to the method for culturing seedlings described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：Wherein, in the sowing step In, every mu of seedling bed sows 0.5-0.7kg bletilla seeds.
- 7. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wherein, weeding is carried out to seedling bed per 4-6 days.
- 8. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wherein, use mass concentration for 0.3% copper sulphate Solution sprays seedling bed to kill moss.
- 9. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Wherein, the thimerosal is carbendazim or methyl support Cloth Tianjin, the insecticide are cypermethrin.
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| CN105815067A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 贵州大学 | Direct seeding breeding method for bletilla striata seeds |
| CN106105733A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-11-16 | 临汾经济技术开发区科润农业技术咨询中心 | A kind of trench digging arch film implantation methods of growing vegetables ahead of time |
| CN106358664A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 任鑫 | Method for sexually breeding Bletilla striata seedlings on large scale by simulating natural conditions |
| CN106416690A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-02-22 | 湖南新杰农业开发有限公司 | Method for improving survival rate of Bletilla striata seedlings |
| CN106538208A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 贵州浩宇生物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seed sowing in the field nursery |
| CN108094105A (en) * | 2018-01-21 | 2018-06-01 | 大姚县春苗中药材种植有限公司 | The cultivation implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
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| CN103270863B (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2014-05-14 | 陕西师范大学 | Bletilla striata rapid propagation seedling cultivation method |
| CN103404341B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-03-04 | 陕西师范大学 | Direct seeding propagation method for bletilla striata in greenhouses |
| CN103404266B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-07-23 | 陕西师范大学 | Propagation method of bletilla striata |
| CN103444394B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-02-25 | 李子辉 | Method for realizing sexual reproduction and seedling culture of bletilla under imitated ecological condition |
| CN103609312B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-02-11 | 华儒强 | Outdoor bletilla striata seed sowing and breeding method |
| CN103988769A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-20 | 普洱南药庄园科技有限公司 | Rhizome bletillae seedling transplanting matrix |
| CN103975838B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-01-27 | 普洱南药庄园科技有限公司 | A kind of bletilla method for transplanting |
| CN104335810B (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-08-17 | 贵州省植物园 | A kind of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) sexual reproduction method |
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