CN104126397B - Bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method - Google Patents
Bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126397B CN104126397B CN201410364786.5A CN201410364786A CN104126397B CN 104126397 B CN104126397 B CN 104126397B CN 201410364786 A CN201410364786 A CN 201410364786A CN 104126397 B CN104126397 B CN 104126397B
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method, and this seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps: that the preparation (2) of (1) compost is sowed, spray water (3) cover (4) irrigation (5) and go out canopy cultivation (6) sprinkling foliage fertilizer (7) transplanting (8) results.The seedling-cultivating method of the bletilla striata of the present invention, changes the shortcoming that cost under gnotobasis is high, under the environment having bacterium, naturally cultivates growth; and can scale be realized, high efficiency seedling cultivating, be conducive to protection bletilla striata wild resource; reduce the destruction to natural resources; make bletilla striata reform of nature environment fast after transplanting, with low cost, appreciation rate is high; convenient and simple; greatly reduce the cost of nursery, can be mass, using value is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical herb nursery field of engineering technology, relate to a kind ofly having the direct sowing and seedling method of the bletilla striata under collarium border specifically.
Background technology
The bletilla striata is perennial herb, pseudobulb block root shape, white, plump, has finger-like difference to have flower, Hua great
And beautiful, aubergine.Be mainly used in hemoptysis to spit blood, traumatism and bleeding, sore swollen toxin, chapped skin, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, ulcer haemorrhage, its bulb is medicinal containing bletilla colloid, starch, volatilization wet goods, have produce effects, tonifying lung hemostasis, the effect such as detumescence, traumatic bleeding is controlled in external application, carbuncle swells, scald, furunculosis etc.Spend beauty, cultivation is for viewing and admiring, and the bletilla striata is a kind of Wild Medicinal in imminent danger, and along with the exhaustion of bletilla striata wild resource, the rising all the way of the bletilla striata medicinal material market price, has broken through 400 yuan/kg high point.Under so high price stimulates, last remaining wild bletilla striata resource is estimated to exhaust in long-time, and under these circumstances, a lot of people starts to seek bletilla striata artificial cultivation, but due to seedling very deficient, be difficult to scale development, even can not start.Bletilla striata seedling raising technology problem must be solved, just can break the restriction of bletilla striata seedling bottleneck.In the early time, a lot of local method adopting bletilla striata seeds to sow under sterile tissue condition of culture of China has carried out the research of bletilla striata seedling raising technology, and result shows, bletilla striata seeds, can Germination And Seedling under this kind of condition.But obviously the method to facilities and equipment condition and aseptic technique level requirement higher, cost is higher, is applied to scale bletilla seed bacterium and breeds and still have any problem, though so each research unit all achieves laboratory result, have no and apply always.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of method of carrying out bletilla striata cultivation under natural environment has collarium border, the method cultivates the problem of the high cost of the bletilla striata under effectively solving gnotobasis, be beneficial to the popularization of the bletilla striata.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention is a kind of bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method, and this seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps:
1, a bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method, is characterized in that: described seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of seedling dish compost: strike off after compost being placed in plate compacting gently, the plate installing compost is placed in the shallow pond of nutrient solution and the compost of plate is soaked;
(2) sow, spray water: seed is evenly sowed in above-mentioned ready seedling dish when annual 3-4 month minimum temperature more than 15 degree, then on the plate sowing seed, spray water smoke with self-made tool slowly that seed is moistening, prevent seed to be blown away; And make seed and compost form good coupling.
(3) cover: sowing will be sowed on seed-bearing plate after spraying water smoke and cover non-woven fabrics, use the non-woven fabrics of 25-40g/ ㎡ specification;
(4) irrigate: after planting adopting the method for tidal irrigation to irrigate, allow chassis immersion below, every night once, each one hour, keep temperature in canopy at 15-25 DEG C, humidity was at 70-90%, and within one week, rear seed turns green, is visible bud after one month; The seedling with 2 to 3 leaves is formed after three months
(5) go out canopy to cultivate: seedling shifts out booth after having 3 leaves, seedling dish is moved on to suitable illumination and cultivates in the pine forests having micro-spray facility;
(6) foliage fertilizer is sprayed: after sprouting 3-5 days, spray foliage fertilizer;
(7) transplant: before nursery leaf in November is then withered, be implanted into plantation soil self-sow;
(8) gather in the crops: can gather in the crops after lower ground 3-5.
Preferred: compost compost is in step (1) divided into underlying material and upper layer material, producing of underlying material: the humus soil taken in pine forests is placed on vacant lot, then farmyard manure and potassium sulfate and fused calcium magnesium phosphate and appropriate urea is added, mix thoroughly mixing retting ferment one month formed be underlying material, upper layer material is coconut shell flour, seedling try to get to the heart of a matter layered material fill 3 centimeters thick after coconut shell flour to be layered on above underlying material 2 centimeters and thickly to make compound criteria soil seedling dish.
Preferred: in step (3), use the non-woven fabrics that specification is 30g/ ㎡.
Preferred: preparation, (2) of the middle seedling dish compost of step (1) are sowed, spray water, (3) cover and step (4) irrigation is all carried out in booth.
Preferred: in step (5), environmentally to spray at regular time and quantity in the woods and carry out cooling and increase humidity, one day three times, respectively at 10 o'clock to 10 thirty, at 1 in 12 thirty to afternoon and at 4 o'clock in afternoon are to 4 thirty.
Preferred: in described step (6), the sprinkling employing of foliage fertilizer directly sprays or puts into step (5) and sprays.
Preferred: the live broadcasting method of the described bletilla striata is all carry out having under collarium border.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the compost of the bletilla striata is divided into two-layer up and down, change the composition of single compost, lower floor adopts directly at the humus soil that pine forests is collected, that adds the mixing retting fermentation of farmyard manure and potassium phosphate and phosphate fertilizer plants material, cost is low, all can draw materials throughout the year, what upper strata fertilizer then adopted is coconut shell flour, chemical composition cocoa husk in coconut shell flour is containing ash content 0.61%, lignin 36.51%, cellulose 53.06%, pentosan 29.27%, cellulose is containing pentosan 20.54%, in ash content, principal component is potassium hydroxide, be applicable to the growth of seed, namely the preparation of the cultivation of bletilla striata compost is from the beginning carried out in booth, smaller and the light weight of seed due to the bletilla striata, be easy to be blown away, and make somebody a mere figurehead that can not to form capillary channel on the surface at compost moistening, slowly that seed is moistening by spraying water smoke with self-made tool above the plate sowing seed, seed is prevented to be blown away, and make seed and compost form good coupling.Then on plate, non-woven fabrics is covered, non-woven fabrics is frivolous, ventilative, suitable humidity and temperature can be kept, be applicable to the growth of seed, and the usage amount of the non-woven fabrics covered is at 30g/ ㎡, seed greening is shown in that plate can be shifted out booth after bud grows leaf is placed in pine forests and carries out nature cultivation, foliage fertilizer can be sprayed after growing leaf in incubation, the sprinkling of foliage fertilizer can directly be applied fertilizer, also foliage fertilizer can be put in the water sprayed in steps of 5 and spray, then grow to after the 5-6 month, the bletilla striata to be moved in soil until the bletilla striata and plant self-sow, the bletilla striata can be gathered in the crops after 3-5.
The seedling-cultivating method of the bletilla striata of the present invention, changes the shortcoming that cost under gnotobasis is high, under the environment having bacterium, naturally cultivates growth; and can scale be realized, high efficiency seedling cultivating, be conducive to protection bletilla striata wild resource; reduce the destruction to natural resources; seed sowing is bred as after bletilla striata transplantation of seedlings can reform of nature environment fast, and with low cost, appreciation rate is high; convenient and simple; greatly reduce the cost of nursery, can be mass-produced, using value is high.
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, this embodiment, only for explaining the present invention, not forming protection scope of the present invention and limiting.
As shown in the Examples, a kind of bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling of the present invention method, the live broadcasting method of the described bletilla striata is all carry out having under collarium border, and described seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of compost: the compost in this step is divided into bottom to plant material and material is planted on upper strata, producing of material planted by bottom: the humus soil taken in pine forests is placed on vacant lot, then farmyard manure and potassium sulfate and fused calcium magnesium phosphate and appropriate urea is added, mix thoroughly mixing retting ferment one month formed be underlying material, , farmyard manure is chicken, the excreta of duck, it is coconut shell flour that material is planted on upper strata, containing ash content 0.61% in coconut shell flour, lignin 36.51%, cellulose 53.06%, pentosan 29.27%, cellulose is containing pentosan 20.54%, in ash content, principal component is potassium hydroxide, be applicable to the growth of seed, bottom is planted material and is made and be contained in the seedling thick bottom that is then layered on by coconut shell flour 2 centimeters afterwards of 3 centimeters, layer of trying to get to the heart of a matter and plant and to make compound criteria soil seedling dish above material, compost be placed on appropriate compacting in plate and after striking off, plate be placed in the shallow pond of nutrient solution and make plate infiltration drenched, then with trowel, surface is struck off gently.
(2) sow, water spray: when annual 3-4 month minimum temperature more than 15 degree by planting seed in ready nutrient discs, on the plate sowing seed with self-made tool spray water smoke slowly that seed is moistening, prevent seed to be blown away; And make seed and compost form good coupling;
(3) cover: sowing will be sowed on seed-bearing plate after spraying water smoke and cover non-woven fabrics, and the usage amount of non-woven fabrics is 25-40g/ ㎡, and in step (3), the usage amount of non-woven fabrics is preferably 30g/ ㎡;
(4) irrigate: after planting adopting the method for tidal irrigation to irrigate, allow chassis soak below, every night once, each one hour, the temperature in maintenance canopy was at 15-25 DEG C, and humidity is at more than 70-90%, after one week, seed turns green, within 20 days, sprouts later, is visible seedling after three months;
(5) go out canopy to cultivate: after seedling three leaves, shift out booth, plate is moved on to suitable illumination and cultivates in the pine forests having micro-spray facility;
(6) foliage fertilizer is sprayed: after sprouting 3-5 days, spray foliage fertilizer;
(7) transplant: plantation dividing in 8-10 month and transplanted the self-sow that buries then;
(8) gather in the crops: can gather in the crops after 3-5.
Preparation, (2) of step (1) seedling dish compost are sowed, spray water, (3) cover and step (4) irrigation is all carried out in booth.
In step (5), environmentally to spray at regular time and quantity in pine forests and carry out cooling increase humidity, environmentally refer to, according to the change of weather, Sometimes When It Rains can reduce the amount of sprinkling at the cloudy day, and the number of times once sprayed can be increased in the summer of sweltering heat, one day three times more, respectively at 10 o'clock to 10 thirty, at 1 in 12 thirty to afternoon and at 4 o'clock in afternoon are to 4 thirty;
In described step (6), the sprinkling of foliage fertilizer adopts directly to apply fertilizer or put into step (5) sprays.
Claims (5)
1. a bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method, is characterized in that: described seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of seedling dish compost: strike off after compost being placed in plate compacting gently, is placed on the plate installing compost that to make the compost of plate infiltrate in the shallow pond of nutrient solution drenched;
(2) sow, spray water: seed is evenly sowed in above-mentioned ready seedling dish when annual 3-4 month minimum temperature more than 15 degree, then on the plate sowing seed, water smoke is sprayed with self-made tool slowly that seed is moistening, prevent seed to be blown away, and make seed and compost form good coupling;
(3) cover: sowing will be sowed on seed-bearing plate after spraying water smoke and cover non-woven fabrics, use the non-woven fabrics of 25-40g/ ㎡ specification;
(4) irrigate: after planting adopting the method for tidal irrigation to irrigate, allow chassis immersion below, every night once, each one hour, keep temperature in canopy at 15-25 DEG C, humidity was at 70-90%, and within one week, rear seed turns green, within 20 days, is visible bud afterwards; The seedling with 2 to 3 leaves is formed after three months;
(5) go out canopy to cultivate: seedling shifts out booth after having 3 leaves, seedling dish is moved on to suitable illumination and cultivates in the pine forests having micro-spray facility;
(6) foliage fertilizer is sprayed: after sprouting 3-5 days, spray foliage fertilizer;
(7) transplant: before nursery leaf in November is then withered, be implanted into plantation soil self-sow;
(8) gather in the crops: can gather in the crops after lower ground 3-5;
Wherein: compost is in step (1) divided into underlying material and upper layer material, producing of underlying material: the humus soil taken in pine forests is placed on vacant lot, then farmyard manure and potassium sulfate and fused calcium magnesium phosphate and appropriate urea is added, mix thoroughly mixing retting ferment one month formed be underlying material, upper layer material is coconut shell flour, seedling try to get to the heart of a matter layered material fill 3 centimeters thick after coconut shell flour to be layered on above underlying material 2 centimeters and thickly to make compound criteria soil seedling dish;
In step (5), environmentally to spray at regular time and quantity in the woods and carry out cooling and increase humidity, one day three times, respectively at 10 o'clock to 10 thirty, at 1 in 12 thirty to afternoon and at 4 o'clock in afternoon are to 4 thirty.
2. bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (3), use specification is 30g/ ㎡ non-woven fabrics.
3. bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation of step (1) seedling dish compost, (2) sowing, water spray, (3) cover and step (4) is irrigated and all carried out in booth.
4. bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (6), and the sprinkling of foliage fertilizer adopts and directly sprays or put into step (5) and spray.
5. bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the live broadcasting method of the described bletilla striata is all carry out having under collarium border.
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| CN105027886B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-08-08 | 洪江市金土地生态农业有限责任公司 | A kind of bletilla seed sowing breeding method |
| CN105145029B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-09-01 | 普洱力品生物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of floating direct sowing and seedling method of bletilla |
| CN105594569B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-07-10 | 陕西师范大学 | Method for transplanting is broadcast live in a kind of bletilla |
| CN105815068A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing bletilla striata seed stems |
| CN105766321A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-20 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Sexual propagation seedling culture method for Bletilla striata |
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| CN106358823A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 遵义联谷农业科技有限公司 | Bletilla striata culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106613102A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-10 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Domestication method of wild Bletilla striata |
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| CN108094105A (en) * | 2018-01-21 | 2018-06-01 | 大姚县春苗中药材种植有限公司 | The cultivation implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
| CN108353750B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2020-04-28 | 云南天鸿生物科技有限公司 | Bletilla direct seeding efficient seedling raising method |
| CN109089851A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-28 | 四川千草生物技术股份有限公司 | A kind of bletilla striata live streaming fast breeding method |
| CN109220682A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-18 | 河南云帮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of management method after bletilla striata live streaming |
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