CN104145795B - A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate - Google Patents
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate, relate to dendrobe cultivation technical field.Comprise the following steps: (1) makees the production cultivation of Herba Dendrobii at the built-in built on stilts cultivation bed of facility, and under bed, seedling exercising is heeled in as what temporary seedbed carried out dendrobe tissue culture Seedling in ground；(2) fermentation process of cultivation matrix primary raw material；(3) preparation of cultivation matrix, filling cultivation bed and seedling culture hole plate sabot；(4) field planting Herba Dendrobii Plug seedling after heeling in seedling exercising is to carrying out the management after field planting in built on stilts cultivation bed；(5) select of the right age dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to carry out indoor seedling exercising to adapt to, then heel in seedling culture hole plate the management put after heeling on temporary seedbed.The method is possible not only to improve the utilization rate of facility, and planting survival rates is high, and growth promoter is fast；Can be again the Herba Dendrobii production seedling that facility cultivation and Emulational culture provide robust growth, planting survival rates is high while carrying out producing cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dendrobe cultivation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate.
Background technology
Herba Dendrobii (Dendrobium) has another name called Herba Dendrobii, for the perennial grass of growing nonparasitically upon another plant of the orchid family (Orchidaceace) Dendrobium (Dendrobium)
This plant, is important medicinal and ornamental plant, belongs to the thing of " Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) " appendix II
Kind, original producton location is distributed mainly on Tropical Asian and subtropical zone, and Australia and Pacific Islands, the whole world there are about more than 1500
Kind, China there are about 76 kinds, and major part is distributed in the ground such as southwest, south China, Taiwan, wherein has nearly 40 kinds to have medicinal valency
Value.The kind of China's Herba Dendrobii only accounts for global about 5%, but its medicinal development and utilization is taken its place in the front ranks of the world, and Herba Dendrobii is
China's tradition rare Chinese medicine, applicating history is long, has nourishing YIN and clearing away heat, the stomach reinforcing that promotes the production of body fluid, nourishing the lung to arrest cough, defying age, carries
High immunity, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, raising cardio and vascular function, effect of life lengthening, the most famous has Herba Dendrobii (D.
Officinale), Herba Dendrobii (D.huosanness), Dendrobium nobile (D.nobile), Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. (D.fimbiratum), drumstick
Herba Dendrobiis (D.chrysotourn) etc., they are all used as medicine with fresh or dry stem.Some medicinal dendrobium kind exports for a long time, enjoys great prestige
Some areas of Southeast Asia and America and Europe.Herba Dendrobii has " soft gold ", the title of " human world Herba mesonae chinensis " in China, in being referred to as in history
First of China's " nine big Herba mesonae chinensis ", to laryngopharyngeal diseases, gastroenteropathy, cataract, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and suppression tumor
Growth has significant curative effect, particularly has good inhibitory action to lung carcinoma cell, after eliminating cancer radiation, chemotherapy
Side effect and recovery physical ability, effect is fairly obvious.So people are growing to the demand of Dendrobium Plants, market demand
Constantly expand.
Wild Dendrodium primary growth is at the torrid zone, subtropical zone virgin forest and similar warm and moist environment, and happiness cool place is moistening, logical
The miniclimate that wind is foggy, avoid high temperature, be dried, high light, be grown on more height above sea level 900～1500 meters, average temperature of the whole year 12 DEG C～
18 DEG C, relative humidity 60%～75%, transmittance about 60%, season of growth temperature 20 DEG C～28 DEG C, winter temperature 9 DEG C～
In the evergreen broadleaf forest of 12 DEG C, frostless foggy, annual rainfall 500～1000 millimeters, often grow nonparasitically upon another plant in half dark and damp thick forest trunk
Or on rock, and often and the unicellular lower eukaryote association such as lichen, Folium Pyrrosiae and lichens, primary growth is at lofty mountains and steep hills overhanging cliff and rock
In crack of stone gap, growth conditions require warm, moisten, ventilate, breathe freely, leak.
Although Herba Dendrobii can result and fruit and seed amount big, 1 mellow fruit pod is contained within the seed of up to ten thousand, but the most solid
Rate is the lowest, the Natural seed setting rate of such as Herba Dendrobii only 0.31%.The seed of Herba Dendrobii is the most tiny, and fetal development is incomplete,
Lacking endosperm tissue, need could sprout with some fungus (blue bacterium) symbiosis under natural conditions, germination rate is extremely low, such as iron sheet stone
The seed germination rate of dry measure used in former times is less than 5%.Traditional artificial propagation mode such as plant division, cuttage etc., reproduction speed is slow, and the rate of increase is very
Low, the requirement of merchandized handling can not be met far away.
Due to the Herba Dendrobii particular/special requirement to growing environment and the limitation of distribution, under natural environmental condition, self-reproduction rate is very
Low, and the growth promoter of Herba Dendrobii is slow, so wild Dendrodium rare numbers, wild resource is very limited.China is for a long time
Dependence excavates wild resource to meet the market demand, owing to excessively excavating and developing, causes Dendrobium Plants heavy damage,
Cause natural resources the most rare, traditional famous and precious Herba Dendrobii wild resource being used as medicine such as Herba Dendrobii, Herba Dendrobii, Dendrobium nobile
Being on the verge of exhaustion in China, natural production can not meet far away the market demand, and this most seriously constrains a large amount of relevant medicine
Supply, and ecological and bio-safety are caused harm greatly." the Chinese Plants Red Data Book " that in August, 1998 promulgates
The Dendrobium Sw of more than 70 kinds is listed in protection plant, is more protected by " People's Republic of China's conservation of wild plant regulations "
Protect.Strengthen the protection to Dendrobium Plants, it is achieved the sustainable use of Dendrobium Plants is extremely urgent, the Fast-propagation of research Herba Dendrobii
Method and artificial cultivation technique are protection Herba Dendrobii species and the important channel meeting the market demand.
From 20 century 70s, begin to tissue rapid propagation technology and the research of artificial cultivation technique of Herba Dendrobii both at home and abroad.
Herba Dendrobii is stricter to the requirement of environmental condition, it is desirable to warm, moisten, have half cloudy half light environment of sufficient scattered light, and it is raw
Long thermophilic is 15 DEG C～30 DEG C, and optimum growth temperature about 20 DEG C stops growing below 5 DEG C, and seedling 10 DEG C with
Easily endure cold down.Relative air humidity requires to keep 70%～more than 80%, avoids and is dried and hydrops, particularly starts sprouting
Sprout and when being formed with new root, need sufficient moisture.Light as requested shading summer and autumn 70%, shading in winter 30%～50%.
Therefore, using the facility cultivations such as booth is that Herba Dendrobii large-scale production preferably selects.Meanwhile, Herba Dendrobii is Epiphyte, certainly
Under the conditions of Ran, primary growth is on the dark and damp trunk of some high megaphanerophytes or limestone, thus under conditions of artificial propagation seedling
Simulating natural environment condition can also carry out Emulational culture.Emulational culture refers to select near-nature forest in the wild original producton location of Herba Dendrobii
Sylvan life, in simulating natural environment condition, the ecosystem environment of Herba Dendrobii growth carries out tame method, plants according to Ecology
The difference of attached master during training, can be divided into tree cultivation, stone to plant and fertile soil 3 kinds of forms of cultivation.
The root of Herba Dendrobii is aerial root, has the most aerobic and shallow root.Herba Dendrobii during long-term growing evolution, plant
Specialization is not have a Gen Mao and can only form the plant of trophism symbiosis with certain fungus, relies on mycelia to absorb moisture and inorganic
Material, and decompose the bark of root attachment by bacterial strain or organic base material such as lichen obtains the organic nutrient such as glucose, protein,
G and D is carried out in the special dietary mode of mesotrophy half heterotrophism.So, the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii should be good with permeability
Raw material is main, it is desirable to loose ventilative, draining is good, and fertilizer is appropriate, and water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability are strong, begins in whole trophophase
Eventually in state of partly becoming thoroughly decomposed, optimal upgrowth situation so could be obtained.The breathability of dendrobe cultivation substrate and water-retaining property are to obtain
The key of high transplanting survival rate, and the nutrition of substrate is sprouting sprouting and the restriction factor grown after transplant survival, too low or mistake
High all it be unfavorable for the sprouting surviving rear sprouting and growth (Lin Jiangbo, Dai Yimin, Zou Hui, etc. Fujian Herba Dendrobii artificial breeding
Technical research. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciench, 2010,25 (5): 606～609.).Substrate for dendrobe cultivation mainly has: peat, saw
Wood flour, wood shavings, bagasse, mushroom bran, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, coconut shred, lichen, rubble, bark etc., conventional substrate is mostly selection
Therein several form for primary raw material mixture, and than dendrobe cultivation substrate conveniently typically based on peat and/or lichen
Wanting raw material, and peat is non-renewable resources, reserves are limited, and a large amount of exploitations can cause the destruction of ecological environment.Herba Dendrobii at present
Artificial culture in Yunnan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, the ground such as Hunan win initial success, Main Cultivation form is for set at booth etc.
The built on stilts cultivation bed executing built-in the highest 50～80 centimetres carries out substrate bed cultivation, under bed ground and Spatial General 6 R leave unused useless.
Along with development and the application of tissue culture technique, the tissue culture technology of current Herba Dendrobii is mature on the whole.Utilize tissue culture's skill
Art breeds seedling becomes the tame main source of seedling of current Herba Dendrobii, by carrying out after tissue culture's amount reproduction tissue cultured seedling
Artificial facilities cultivation is the Main Means meeting the market demand, and group training test tube Seedling successfully carries out field-transplanting and growth, is to realize
The key that Herba Dendrobii industrialization produces.But owing to Herba Dendrobii requires harshness to growing environment, there are many factors still to restrict the product of Herba Dendrobii
Industry metaplasia is produced, and wherein, owing to tissue culture environment and artificial culture environment also exist bigger difference, tissue cultured seedling needs by nothing
Collarium border adapts to extraneous natural environment comprehensively, is transitioned into autotrophy by heterotrophism, and because the resistance of tissue cultured seedling is weak, survival ability is poor,
The low bottleneck always perplexing Herba Dendrobii large-scale production of tissue cultured seedling transplanting survival rate, governs the Planting of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling
Training scale.Particularly to carry out survival rate during Emulational culture lower for Herba Dendrobii, such as directly cultivate after Herba Dendrobii tissue cultured seedling bottle outlet
Survival rate to Emulational culture base is about about 30%, and the transplanting survival rate of tissue cultured seedling the most always restricts Herba Dendrobii
The principal element of large-scale development (Xu Guangtao. improve the research of Herba Dendrobii Emulational culture survival rate method. Anhui forestry section
Skill, 2011,37 (6): 62-64.).Tissue cultured seedling transplanting survival rate is low not only a biggest relation with cultivation matrix, and with cultivation
Illumination in environment, temperature, humidity have the biggest relation.Such as, at artificially controlling temperature, iron sheet stone in wet beam-connected greenhouse is controlled
Dry measure used in former times cultivation survival rate can reach more than 95%, if cultivated in the booth more modernized, can heel in without middle
Seedling exercising link, tissue cultured seedling is direct field planting after taking out from bottle, also can obtain higher survival rate and higher yield.But it is out of office
During outer Emulational culture or in simple plastic greenhouse during cultivation, the direct transplanting survival rate of candidum tissue culturing seedling is the lowest, the lowest
In 50%, and poor growth (Zheng Kuanyu, Deng Junlang, Zhao Hui. Herba Dendrobii test tube Seedling cultivation technique is studied. Crop Diseases in Yunnan section
Skill, 2010 (3): 21-22.；Song Shun, Xu Yi, Li Jingyang. the tissue culture and rapid proliferation progress of Herba Dendrobii. China
Agronomy is circulated a notice of, and 2013,29 (33): 286-290.).The research of money galaxy of literary talent etc. is thought, utilizes the cultivation that water retention property is good and breathability is strong
Training substrate can make the transplanting survival rate of Herba Dendrobii tissue cultured seedling improve, and the planting effect of layering substrate is more preferably, transplanting suitable
Substrate is layering substrate: bottom 3/10 bark+top 7/10 wood flour, its transplanting survival rate and rudiment number are higher, and (money galaxy of literary talent opens
Build rosy clouds, Wu Kunlin, etc. Herba Dendrobii sapling multiplication and cultivation research. tropical and subtropical plant journal, 2013,21 (3):
240-246.), but the operation that this research uses layering substrate culture is more complicated, and transplant the survival rate only 78% of latter 70 days statistics.
So, Herba Dendrobii is preferably formed with a transition stage heeling in seedling exercising in the middle of test tube Seedling bottle outlet to field production, makes tissue cultured seedling suitable
After having answered natural environment, field planting could obtain preferable cultivation effect again, otherwise can have a strong impact on transplanting survival rate, the speed of growth
With Herba Dendrobii yield.
In order to improve the adaptability of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling environment to external world, solve this restriction industrialization low of tissue cultured seedling transplanting survival rate
The bottleneck problem of development, Kong Dedong etc. filters out the matrix formulations of peat+perlite+Vermiculitum (volume ratio 31 1), application
Hole plate seedling growth technology, makes the survival rate of candidum tissue culturing seedling more than 95%, and seedling growth is healthy and strong, has promotional value
(Kong Dedong, Huang Chongping, Zhou Jianhua, etc. the optimal screening of Herba Dendrobii plug seedling substrate. agricultural science and technology communication, 2010 (8):
70-72.).Xiao Ying etc. select eriophorum peat soil perlite 311 to heel in for substrate, make candidum tissue culturing seedling
Heel in survival rate 95% (after transplanting 60 days), and the growth of stem very notable (Xiao Ying, Zhang Yaozhou. substrate seedling exercising season is to ferrum
The impact that skin Herba Dendrobii test tube Seedling is heeled in. Xinyang agricultural higher junior college journal, 2013,23 (2): 93-94.).Xu Guangtao improves suddenly
The key technology of mountain dendrobe cultivation survival rate is to heel in seedling exercising substrate before Emulational culture after dendrobe tissue culture Seedling bottle outlet
Carry out the seedling exercising of a period of time.Seedling exercising substrate is pressed with broken bark bits, meter Xin Shi and the aobvious acid northeast peat soil etc. in original producton location
Certain proportion is prepared, and the substrate of this material can not only meet the needs of seedling exercising, but also the beneficially Herba Dendrobii Seedling seedling exercising phase terminates
After be transplanted on the stone matter base of Emulational culture.Through the seedling exercising phase of 45～60 days, make the cultivation survival rate of Herba Dendrobii
From original about 30% bringing up to more than 90% (Xu Guangtao. improve the research of Herba Dendrobii Emulational culture survival rate method.
Anhui forestry science and technology, 2011,37 (6): 62-64.).The Cortex Pini of 5～10 millimeters of pulverizing such as Liu Shihui, 2～4 millimeters of Margaritas
Rock, according to the cultivation matrix of 41 ratio mixing, carries out heeling in seedling exercising with 50 hole dishes, the candidum tissue culturing after domestication
Seedling stem stalk is sturdy, leaf color is dark green, root system is slightly white, and adapts to ability and resistance enhancing, and transplanting survival rate is up to more than 97%
(Liu Shihui, Plumbum preparatium maple, Yao Yongkang, etc. candidum tissue culturing seedling greenhouse acclimatization technology is studied. Agriculture of Anhui science, and 2013,
41(17):7477-7478,7495.).The main contributions of these 4 researchs is, the hole plate seedling growth being generally used for vegetable nursery
Technology or heeling in technology are applied in the cultivation of Herba Dendrobii, make the transplanting survival rate of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling be significantly improved.It lacks
Be trapped in, first 3 all using peat as the primary raw material of substrate, and the mud and charcoal of China is fewer, and is can not be again
Raw natural resources, although the research of Liu Shihui etc. with peat as the primary raw material of substrate, but because of the nutrition of this substrate
Seldom, after heeling in higher to fertilizing management requirement, it is desirable to " thin fertile duty execute ", not only need repeatedly to spray Liquid Fertilizer, and
Particle slow release to be applied is fertile, and Herba Dendrobii could be helped to grow up strong and sturdy；Meanwhile, these 4 researchs are required for special setting
Executing and carry out heeling in seedling exercising, owing to the adaptability of tissue cultured seedling is poor, the requirement to environmental condition is higher, so the requirement to facility
The highest with the level of cultivation management, if the facility heeling in seedling exercising is simpler and cruder or extensive management, heeling in of tissue cultured seedling survives
Rate still ratio is relatively low.But, the mode of China's current Herba Dendrobii facility cultivation is typically all and uses built on stilts cultivation bed to cultivate,
Ground and Spatial General 6 R under cultivation bed are all idle useless, and this is to cultivating facility one to waste greatly.Herba Dendrobii facility substrate
During cultivation, the Herba Dendrobii Seedling producing cultivation typically requires that intensity of illumination is 8000～15000 luxs, and heels in the stone of seedling exercising phase
Dry measure used in former times seedling (tissue cultured seedling) intensity of illumination be 3000～during 10000 lux ratio conveniently, first 2 months after particularly heeling in
Intensity of illumination can not be too high, and suitable intensity of illumination is generally 3000～7000 luxs.We utilize overhead height be 60～
80 centimetres, width is 1.2～1.5 meters, leaves when carrying out dendrobe cultivation in the facility in wide 0.5～1 meter of passageway between bed and bed
It has been observed that be 8000～during 15000 lux when meeting intensity of illumination on built on stilts cultivation bed, under the bed of built on stilts cultivation bed
The intensity of illumination in face is in the range of 3000～10000 luxs, and under relative air humidity bed, space is than built on stilts cultivation bed
Superjacent air space typically wants high 3%～5%, and under temperature changing amplitude (maximum temperature and the difference of the minimum temperature) bed of every day, space ratio is built on stilts
Cultivation bed superjacent air space is typically low 1 DEG C～3 DEG C.Owing to carrying out the Herba Dendrobii seedling during seedling exercising vacation than seedlings to cultivation ring
Border requires tightened up, it is desirable to intensity of illumination is relatively low, and shade Du Genggao, and relative air humidity is bigger, the change phase of epidemic disaster
To less, and Herba Dendrobii built on stilts cultivation bed space below and ground just can meet these conditions, are by dendrobe tissue culture Seedling
Heel in the place that seedling exercising is more satisfactory.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate.The method according to Herba Dendrobii to environment
The requirement of condition and growth and development characteristics, utilize Herba Dendrobii seedling (tissue cultured seedling) to shade the requirement of planting environment Du Genggao than seedlings,
The feature that relative air humidity is bigger, is used as the production cultivation of Herba Dendrobii, utilizes under bed at the built-in built on stilts cultivation bed of the facilities such as booth
Being suitable for carrying out Herba Dendrobii and heel in the microclimate conditions of seedling exercising, under bed, ground carries out heeling in of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling as temporary seedbed
Seedling exercising, effectively to utilize facility space, improves facility utilization rate, and can meet Herba Dendrobii difference growth and development stage to environment bar
The requirement of part, simultaneously by preparing suitable cultivation matrix, strengthens cultivation management, to improve planting survival rates and to ensure Herba Dendrobii
Tissue cultured seedling heel in survival rate, can be again that Herba Dendrobii facility cultivation and Emulational culture provide carrying out while Herba Dendrobii produces cultivation
The production seedling that planting survival rates is high, reaches to solve the bottle of tissue cultured seedling transplanting survival rate this puzzlement Herba Dendrobii large-scale production low
Neck problem, shortens Herba Dendrobii from cultivating to the required time of gathering, it is achieved the tame large-scale production of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling, greatly
Amplitude increases the supply of artificial culture Herba Dendrobii, it is achieved protects this precious species of Herba Dendrobii and meets the growing market demand
Purpose.
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate, comprises the following steps:
(1) the production cultivation of Herba Dendrobii made by building sky cultivation bed, utilizes ground under built on stilts cultivation bed to carry out Herba Dendrobii as temporary seedbed
Tissue cultured seedling heel in seedling exercising；
(2) fermentation process of cultivation matrix primary raw material:
It is that 4～5 4～5 0.5～1 mixing carries out fermentation process by volume by Cortex Pini, maple wood sawdust, dry cattle manure；
(3) preparation of cultivation matrix, filling cultivation bed and seedling culture hole plate sabot:
First the cultivation matrix primary raw material carbendazim after step (2) fermentation process or thiophanate methyl medicine liquid spray are processed, precious
Zhu Yan clear water drains open fire after soaking, then cultivation matrix primary raw material and perlite 3～4 1 is uniformly mixed by volume,
Then be loaded in built on stilts cultivation bed with in the hole loading seedling culture hole plate；
(4) select of the right age dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to carry out indoor seedling exercising to adapt to, then heel in seedling culture hole plate and put temporary seedbed
On heel in after management；
(5) field planting Herba Dendrobii Plug seedling after heeling in seedling exercising is to carrying out the management after field planting in built on stilts cultivation bed.
Herba Dendrobii described in step (1) includes: Herba Dendrobii (D.officinale), Herba Dendrobii (D.huosanness), Dendrobium nobile
(D.nobile), Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. (D.fimbiratum), Dendrobium chrysotoxum (D.chrysotourn).
Built on stilts cultivation bed described in step (1) be overhead height be 60～80 centimetres, width is 1.2～1.5 meters, can fill in bed
Fill out the cultivation bed of 8～10 cm thick substrate.
The granular size of Cortex Pini is 0.5～1.2 centimetre.
The fermentation process of step (2) particularly as follows: Cortex Pini first soaks 1 day with clear water, the most in proportion with maple wood sawdust and
Dry cattle manure mix homogeneously, regulation water content is to 65%～70%, and heap covered rearing with plastic film in heaps ferments, the fermentation phase 2～
3 months, need turning 5～6 times during fermentation, opened thin film turning 1 time every 10～15 days, by substrate after having fermented
Spread out dry standby.
Step (3) is first by the cultivation matrix primary raw material after fermentation process 800～1000 times of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl
It is 60%～65% that medicine liquid spray mixes water content thoroughly, banks out with covered rearing with plastic film 3～5 days, and perlite clear water soaks
Drain open fire after 1～2 day, then cultivation matrix primary raw material and perlite 3～4 1 are uniformly mixed by volume, then fill
Filling out in built on stilts cultivation bed, substrate filling thickness is 8～10 centimetres, and substrate loads 50 holes or 32 hole seedling culture hole plates
Hole in.
The standard of the of the right age dendrobe tissue culture Seedling described in step (4) is: every clump has 3～5 strains, every strain have root 3～5, root length 2～
3 centimetres, every strain has leaf 4～6, thick more than 0.3 centimetre of stem, high 4～7 centimetres.
Indoor seedling exercising described in step (4) adapts to: in group training room moves to booth or greenhouse, of the right age tissue cultured seedling is carried out room temperature refining
Seedling adapts to, and temperature controls at 15 DEG C～28 DEG C, relative humidity 50%～80%, and in 1 week, shading 70%, i.e. ceiling are covered entirely
Lid degree of shading is the sunshade net of 70%, by reducing the size regulation of ceiling covered with sunshade net to shading in canopy after 1 week
50%～60%, ventilated in keeping canopy, allow tissue cultured seedling from the environment of closed stablity to the environment transition opening change, refining
The Seedling time is 2～4 weeks, with the leaf color jade green of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling or dark green, stem section is plump sturdy and stem slightly hardens time be advisable；
Within before tissue cultured seedling bottle outlet 2～3 days, gradually being opened wide by bottleneck, i.e. first only unscrew bottle cap, unlimited degree is gradually increased, last 1 day
Bottle cap is all opened；During bottle outlet, tissue cultured seedling is taken out from bottle, clean the culture medium sticking on root with clear water, drain the water
Soaking whole strain seedling 10 minutes with 1000 times of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl afterwards, the root half a day of then drying in the air at shady and cool ventilation is to root
Portion waits to heel in after turning white.
Heeling in the suitable time with step (5) described field planting described in step (4) is mid-March～by the end of May or mid-September～October
The middle ten days.
Heel in described in step (4) be indoor seedling exercising is adapted to, tissue cultured seedling after bottle outlet processes heels in ready seedling culture hole plate
In, it is 1 clump with 3～5 individual plants, every cave heels in 1 clump, is neatly put on temporary seedbed by seedling culture hole plate after heeling in,
On seedling culture hole plate, spray 3000 times of agricultural streptomycins with aerosol apparatus immediately and 1000 times of carbendazim carry out disinfection, make seedling simultaneously
Combine closely with substrate.
Step (5) described field planting is to select through heeling in Plug seedling (production seedling) field planting of seedling exercising 5～12 months ready
In built on stilts cultivation bed, plantation density is 100～120 clumps/meter2, Reference Strains line-spacing is 8～10 cm x 10～12 centimetres,
1000 times of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl liquid is watered immediately as determining root water after field planting.
Management after the heeling in of step (4) is: timing every day spraying clear water 1～2 times in 1 week after heeling in, and makes air humidity
Keep 80%～90%, do not water；Reduce spray timings after heeling in 1 week, make air humidity keep 70%～80%；Heel in
If substrate is dry after 2 weeks, waters with watering can and execute substrate to water content 60%～70%；After heeling in 20 days, spray in every 1～2 week
Executing 1 foliage fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the flower of 1500～2000 times of liquid the more No. 1 with 0.2%～0.3% alternately spray,
Only executing a kind of foliage fertilizer, each amount of application is every mu of area 30～45 kilograms every time；Manager routinely after heeling in 2 months
Method carries out cultivation management, typically heels in seedling exercising 5～goes out garden field planting after 12 months.
Management after the field planting of step (5) is: after Plug seedling field planting built on stilts cultivation bed in 2 weeks fine day regulate degree of shading reach 70% with
On, using the mode of spraying to keep air humidity, be sure not to water, after field planting, the 1st week air humidity is maintained at 75%～85%,
After field planting, the 2nd week air humidity is maintained at 70%～75%, after field planting the 1st week and the 2nd week respectively with 0.2%～0.3%
The more No. 1 each foliage-spray of the flower of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1500～2000 times of liquid 1 time, each amount of application be every mu of area 30～
45 kilograms, after field planting 2 weeks, management method carries out cultivation management routinely, and after field planting 2 years start commodity Herba Dendrobii of gathering.
The root of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to be heeled in is soaked in the ABT3 root-inducing powder of 100 mg/litre 15 minutes, then
Heel in again, heel in survival rate to improve.
The inventive method needs to implement in hot house or attached-greenhouse.Culturing and planting of the present invention and heel in what seedling exercising was used
Cultivation matrix is just the same.
The present invention has following good effect: owing to planting environment is required tightened up than seedlings by Herba Dendrobii seedling (tissue cultured seedling),
Seeking the Du Genggao that shades, relative air humidity is bigger, and the change of environmental condition is relatively small, grows according to dendrobe tissue culture Seedling difference
The difference of diverse location microclimate conditions in difference that environmental condition is required by the stage of development and facility, Appropriate application facility is empty
Between, to build built on stilts cultivation bed and make the production cultivation bed of Herba Dendrobii, the ground below built on stilts cultivation bed then carries out group training as temporary seedbed
Seedling heel in seedling exercising, this utilization rate being possible not only to improve facility, but also discrepant microclimate conditions in make use of facility
To meet the differentiation requirement to environmental condition of the dendrobe tissue culture Seedling difference growth and development stage, the growth promoter for Herba Dendrobii creates
Than environmental condition conveniently.The breathability of dendrobe cultivation substrate and water-retaining property are the keys obtaining high transplanting survival rate, and base
The nutrition of matter is the restriction factor affecting growth promoter after transplant survival, too low or too high be all unfavorable for that the growth after surviving is sent out
Educating, the cultivation matrix of this method preparation is loose ventilative, and drainage is good, and contained fertilizer nutrient is appropriate, water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability
By force, the cultivation that produces both being suitable for Herba Dendrobii also is adapted for the seedling exercising of heeling in of tissue cultured seedling, and after transplanting, survival rate is high, survives rear growth promoter
Comparatively fast, and base starting material is readily available, cheap, does not use the non-renewable natural resourcess such as peat.Through heeling in
After Herba Dendrobii Plug seedling field planting cultivation bed after seedling exercising, survival rate is high, and typically up to more than 98%, growth promoter is fast, after field planting 2 years
Just can gather commodity Herba Dendrobii, with directly with compared with the comparison (CK) of tissue cultured seedling field planting, survival rate improves more than 15%, collection period
About 1 year ahead of time.Dendrobe tissue culture Seedling is typically up to more than 96% in the survival rate of heeling in of temporary seedbed, and the Plug seedling growth of cultivation is strong
Strong, neat and consistent, after field planting, slow Seedling is fast, and the planting survival rates of employing Emulational culture is also up to more than 92%, than report
Directly carry out after Herba Dendrobii tissue cultured seedling bottle outlet Emulational culture survival rate about 30% (Xu Guangtao. improve Herba Dendrobii and imitate
The research of ecological cultivation survival rate method. Anhui forestry science and technology, 2011,37 (6): 62-64.) improve clearly.This method operates
Simplicity, practical, can be again Herba Dendrobii facility cultivation and Emulational culture offer field planting carrying out while Herba Dendrobii produces cultivation
The production seedling that survival rate is high, can solve the bottle of dendrobe tissue culture transplantation of seedlings survival rate this puzzlement Herba Dendrobii large-scale production low
Neck, it is achieved the tame large-scale production of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling.
Detailed description of the invention
Below embodiment is had can the essence of the present invention to be described in detail, without limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of dendrobe cultivation bed and temporary seedbed: Herba Dendrobii (D.officinale), Herba Dendrobii (D.huosanness),
The Herba Dendrobii facility cultivations one such as Dendrobium nobile (D.nobile), Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. (D.fimbiratum), Dendrobium chrysotoxum (D.chrysotourn)
As use hot house or attached-greenhouse to cultivate.Facility requirements equipped with sunshade net, be preferably formed with spraying and irrigation equipment,
Ventilation installation and cooling system etc..In order to improve the utilization rate of facility, it is simple to the environment such as regulating and controlling temperature, humidity, breathability because of
Element, in order to for the environmental condition that the growth promoter offer of Herba Dendrobii is more favourable, to build built on stilts cultivation bed in facility and carry out Herba Dendrobii
Production cultivation.Can be selected for the material such as angle steel, batten and build cultivation bed frame, then lay the firm of about 5 millimeters of aperture and mould
Material flat board or with asbestos shingle as the supporting surface of cultivation matrix, or make at the bottom of bed with steel wire, pad leaks layer with sunshade net.Frame
The width of empty cultivation bed is generally 1.2～1.5 meters, and the highest 10 cm can load 8～10 cm thicks in bed
Substrate, length does not limits, generally about 30 meters.Above cultivation bed, about 1～1.5 meter height is preferably equipped with micro-spraying irrigation and sets
Standby, to reserve the passageway of wide about 0.5～1 meter between seedbed, to facilitate cultivation management.The overhead height of built on stilts cultivation bed is
60～80 centimetres, under built on stilts cultivation bed, seedling exercising is then heeled in as what temporary seedbed carried out dendrobe tissue culture Seedling in ground.
(2) cultivation matrix primary raw material and fermentation process thereof: the cultivation matrix of Herba Dendrobii should be wanted based on the good raw material of permeability
Asking loose ventilative, draining is good, and fertilizer is appropriate, and water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability are strong, all the time in the shape that partly becomes thoroughly decomposed in whole trophophase
State, so could obtain optimal upgrowth situation.The breathability of dendrobe cultivation substrate and water-retaining property are to improve transplanting survival rate
Key, and the nutrition of substrate is sprouting sprouting and the restriction factor grown after transplant survival, too low or too high being all unfavorable for survives
The sprouting of rear sprouting and growth.Existing result of study shows, than dendrobe cultivation substrate conveniently typically with peat and/or lichen
For primary raw material, and peat is non-renewable resources, and reserves are limited, and a large amount of exploitations can cause the destruction of ecological environment.In order to
Obtain good and cheap, be suitable for local optimum dendrobe cultivation matrix formulations, select local Cortex Pini cheap and easy to get, weed tree sawdust,
Maple wood sawdust, Lentinus Edodes dreg, Pleurotus ostreatus dreg and dry cattle manure etc. are primary raw material, are equipped with the perlite being easy to get on market, altogether
Prepare 15 different matrix formulations, through updating of the formulation screening tests of 3 years and matrix formulations, summed up
The applicable dendrobe cultivation being relatively suitable for the matrix formulations heeling in seedling exercising is: (Cortex Pini, maple wood sawdust, the volume of dry cattle manure
Ratio=4～5 4～5 0.5～1), perlitic volume ratio=3～4 1.Meanwhile, compared for cultivation matrix primary raw material
Natural fermentation process and retort sterilization process 2 kinds of processing methods, and filtering out fermentation process is practical matrix treatments method.
The concrete operations of cultivation matrix primary raw material and fermentation process thereof are: select granular size be 0.5～1.2 centimetre Cortex Pini,
Maple wood sawdust and dry cattle manure as the primary raw material of cultivation matrix, the constituent of cultivation matrix primary raw material be Cortex Pini,
Maple wood sawdust, the volume ratio of dry cattle manure are 4～5 4～5 0.5～1.Cortex Pini first soaks 1 day with clear water, then presses
Ratio is mixed homogeneously with maple wood sawdust and dry cattle manure, and regulation water content, to 65%～70%, piles high 1.2～1.5 meters, wide
The heap of 2.5～3.0 meters, ferments with covered rearing with plastic film, and the fermentation phase is generally 2～3 months, need during fermentation turning 5～
6 times, typically opening thin film turning 1 time every 10～15 days, during turning, as found, substrate exsiccation should suitably add water.In summer
During high temperature season fermentation, the fermentation phase is shorter, and the phase of fermenting when low temperature season ferments answers proper extension.By substrate after having fermented
Spread out pack after drying standby.
(3) preparation of cultivation matrix: with the cultivation matrix primary raw material of above-mentioned fermented process and perlite by volume 3～4
1 is configured to dendrobe cultivation or heels in the cultivation matrix of seedling exercising.First by the cultivation matrix primary raw material after fermentation process with 800～
It is 60%～65% that 1000 times of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl medicine liquid spray mix water content thoroughly, banks out and uses covered rearing with plastic film
Vexed 3～5 days, perlite clear water drained open fire after soaking 1～2 day, then cultivation matrix primary raw material and perlite are pressed body
Amass and uniformly mix than 3～4 1, the most just can load cultivation bed and seedling culture hole plate sabot.
(4) substrate filling cultivation bed: the substrate prepared being loaded in built on stilts cultivation bed, substrate filling thickness is 8～10 lis
Rice, irrigates bottom water in first 1 day in field planting, treats that field planting is through heeling in the Herba Dendrobii Plug seedling of seedling exercising.
(5) medium in tray: seedling culture hole plate can be selected for commercially available common plastics seedling culture hole plate, general to select specification be long 54 centimetres,
Wide 25 centimetres, 50 holes of high 5 centimetres or the seedling culture hole plate in 32 holes.During sabot, first the substrate prepared uniformly is poured into and educate
In Seedling hole tray, shake seedling culture hole plate, allow substrate be filled in the hole of seedling culture hole plate, then by 1 cm thick, 50 centimeter length
Little plank be compacted strike off by the substrate on seedling culture hole plate surface, heel in first 1 day and irrigate bottom water, dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to be heeled in.
(6) in good time field planting with heel in: proceed by field planting when temperature is not less than 15 DEG C and heel in, suitable field planting with heel in
It is generally mid-March～by the end of May or mid-September～mid-October period.During field planting, select through heeling in seedling exercising 5～12
The anosis Plug seedling of stalwartness (production seedling) field planting of the moon is in built on stilts cultivation bed.During operation, first dig in the substrate of cultivation bed
One duck eye, takes out Plug seedling from hole tray together with substrate and puts in hole, by substrate, the hole around hole is filled up.Note
Meaning tries not to do to dissipate substrate, prevents from injuring the root system of Herba Dendrobii, and field planting is not the deepest, and a small amount of root in collar portion can be allowed to be exposed at air
In.1000 times of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl liquid is watered immediately as determining root water after field planting, and can disinfection.Plantation density
It is 100～120 clumps/meter2, every mu with Seedling 4～50,000 clumps, Reference Strains line-spacing is 8～10 cm x 10～12 centimetres.Heel in
Time, first to select of the right age dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to carry out indoor seedling exercising and adapt to.When dendrobe tissue culture Seedling every clump has 3～5 strains, and every strain has
Root 3～5, root length 2～3 centimetres, leaf 4～6, thick more than 0.3 centimetre of stem, high 4～7 centimetres time, by tissue cultured seedling
Room temperature seedling exercising adaptation is carried out in group training room moves to the booth consistent with planting environment or greenhouse.Temperature control at 15 DEG C～
28 DEG C, relative humidity 50%～80%, intensity of illumination 3000～7000 lux, i.e. shading 50%～70%, and gradually
Increase intensity of illumination, ventilated in keeping canopy, allow tissue cultured seedling from the environment of closed stablity to the environment transition opening change,
Gradually reform of nature scattered light is according to the environment with alternating temperature to make it, and the seedling exercising time is 2～4 weeks.Shading in 1 week during concrete operations
70%, backsight weather condition shading 50%～60% in 1 week, with the leaf color jade green of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling or dark green, stem section is plump thick
Strong and be advisable time stem slightly hardens.Bottleneck was gradually opened wide in before tissue cultured seedling bottle outlet 2～3 days, i.e. first only unscrew bottle cap, open wide
Degree is gradually increased, and within last 1 day, is all opened by bottle cap, allows the epidemic disaster condition of its reform of nature.During tissue cultured seedling bottle outlet,
Clap bottle with hands side, make to loosen between culture medium and root, then from bottle limit, tissue cultured seedling is pressed from both sides out with finger or tweezers, use clear water
Wash away the culture medium sticking on root gently, be important to wash agar off, in order to avoid agar is mouldy causes rotten, then change clean water
1 time.Soak whole strain seedling 10 minutes with 1000 times of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl after draining the water, prevent the Herba Dendrobii after heeling in
Seedling butt rot.Then dry in the air at shady and cool ventilation after root turns white to root half a day and wait to heel in.Generally with 3～5 lists when heeling in
Strain is 1 clump, and every cave heels in 1 clump, is neatly put on temporary seedbed by seedling culture hole plate after heeling in, and is educating with aerosol apparatus immediately
Spray 3000 times of agricultural streptomycins in Seedling hole tray and 1000 times of carbendazim carry out disinfection, make seedling combine closely with substrate simultaneously.
Heel in survival rate to improve, the root of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to be heeled in can be soaked in No. ABT3 of 100 mg/litre and take root
In powder (production of Ai Bidi bio tech ltd, Beijing) 15 minutes with root induction, then heel in.
(7) field planting with heel in after management: the suitable degree of shading of Herba Dendrobii trophophase is advisable with about 60%, be according to different
Cultivation season utilizes the sunshade net reasonable adjusting degree of shading that facility is equipped with, and summer High Temperature regulation in season degree of shading is 70%～80%,
Weather is felt nice and cool can suitably increase illumination season, and spring and fall regulation degree of shading is 50%～70%, should ensure that illumination is filled winter
Foot, only shades 30%～40% at fine day.The optimum temperature of Herba Dendrobii growth is 18 DEG C～28 DEG C, temperature daytime in cultivating facility
Should keep 25 DEG C～30 DEG C, night 15 DEG C～20 DEG C, low temperature is not below 8 DEG C, and high temperature is not higher than 35 DEG C.Summer is high
During temperature, noon to strengthen ventilation and heat of shading, and spray, lower the temperature, moisturizing, forced ventilation to be added, prevent high temperature, high humidity,
Grow disease.When temperature is low in the winter time, the measure of heating should should be taked if desired to prevent freeze injury facility plastic greenhouse good seal.
After Herba Dendrobii Plug seedling field planting cultivation bed, 2 weeks interior fine days to regulate degree of shading and reach more than 70%, tan by the sun with anti glare anti static coatings and cause seedling
Wilt, affect survival rate.After field planting, 2 weeks planted agents use the mode of spraying to keep air humidity, are sure not to water, after field planting
1 week seedling not yet Fa Xingen, air humidity is preferably maintained at 75%～85%, and after field planting, the 2nd week plant starts Fa Xingen, empty
Air humidity degree is positively retained at 70%～75%.After field planting the 1st week and the 2nd week respectively with 0.2%～0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
The flower of 1500～2000 times of liquid the more No. 1 (a kind of from the plant of imported from America general equilibrium fertilizer, basic recipe: nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium content is 20-20-20, adds M 77 trace and REE elements of world patent) each foliage-spray 1 time.After field planting 2 weeks
Management method can carry out cultivation management routinely, after general field planting 2 years can start commodity Herba Dendrobii of gathering.Due to just heeled in
Dendrobe tissue culture Seedling is the most tender and lovely, regularly to spray initial several days every days clear water 1～2 times, air humidity guarantor in 1 week after heeling in
Hold 80%～90%, do not water.After heeling in 1 week, plant starts Fa Xingen, can reduce spray timings, air humidity keep 70%～
80%.Substrate keeps alternation of wetting and drying beneficially root of hair to sprout, and the water management of substrate should be grasped and parch drenched principle, heels in
If the dry available watering can of substrate waters and executes substrate to drenching (water content about 65%) after 2 weeks.After heeling in 20 days, every 1～2
Spray 1 foliage fertilizer week, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 0.2%～0.3% and the flower of 1500～2000 times of liquid the more No. 1 alternately spray
Execute.Slowing down even stop along with the reduction of temperature, Herba Dendrobii growth of seedling after entering autumn and winter, the requirement to moisture is the most gradually dropped
Low, so water spray and the number of times of fertilising should be gradually decreased, in the feelings of the inconspicuous hydropenia of substrate (when water content of substrate is less than 30%)
Not watering under condition, the most every 15～20 days of winter selected fine day 9:00～10:00 in the morning to water 1 time, suitable after water spray
Work as ventilation.Typically heel in seedling exercising 5～garden field planting can be gone out in 12 months.
Use the dendrobe cultivation method of above-mentioned raising facility utilization rate, be possible not only to improve the utilization rate of facility, and operate letter
Just, practical.This method Plug seedling field planting cultivation bed survival rate average out to 98.6% after 60 days after heeling in seedling exercising,
Than directly improve 15.2% (being shown in Table 1) with the average survival 83.4% of tissue cultured seedling field planting, and heel in the Herba Dendrobii hole tray after seedling exercising
After Seedling field planting, growth promoter is fast, after field planting 2 years commodity Herba Dendrobiis of just can gathering, and ratio is directly with the collection period of tissue cultured seedling field planting ahead of time
About 1 year.Dendrobe tissue culture Seedling heels in the survival rate average out to 96.7% after 60 days, the Plug seedling robust growth of cultivation, neat
Causing, after field planting, slow Seedling is fast, uses the survival rate after Emulational culture field planting 60 days average the most also up to 93.5% (being shown in Table 1), than
Directly carry out after the Herba Dendrobii tissue cultured seedling bottle outlet of report Emulational culture survival rate about 30% (Xu Guangtao. improve Huoshan
The research of Herba Dendrobii Emulational culture survival rate method. Anhui forestry science and technology, 2011,37 (6): 62-64.) improve more than 60%.We
Method can be again that Herba Dendrobii facility cultivation and Emulational culture provide robust growth, field planting to survive carrying out while Herba Dendrobii produces cultivation
The production seedling that rate is high, can solve the bottleneck of dendrobe tissue culture transplantation of seedlings survival rate this puzzlement Herba Dendrobii large-scale production low,
Realize the tame large-scale production of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling.
Table 1 the inventive method uses the survival rate of Plug seedling field planting field planting direct with tissue cultured seedling (CK) after heeling in seedling exercising to compare, with
And tissue cultured seedling heel in survival rate with heel in seedling exercising after the planting survival rates of Plug seedling Emulational culture
Claims (7)
1. the dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) the production cultivation of Herba Dendrobii made by building sky cultivation bed, and under utilization built on stilts cultivation bed, ground is as temporary seedbed
Carry out dendrobe tissue culture Seedling heels in seedling exercising；Described built on stilts cultivation bed be overhead height be 60～80 centimetres, wide
Degree is 1.2～1.5 meters, loads the cultivation bed of 8～10 cm thick substrate in bed；
(2) fermentation process of cultivation matrix primary raw material:
It is that 4～5 4～5 0.5～1 mixing is carried out by volume by Cortex Pini, maple wood sawdust, dry cattle manure
Fermentation process；Fermentation process is particularly as follows: Cortex Pini first soaks 1 day, the most in proportion with maple sawmilling with clear water
Bits and dry cattle manure mix homogeneously, regulation water content is to 65%～70%, and heap covered rearing with plastic film in heaps carries out sending out
Ferment, ferments phase 2～3 months, needs turning 5～6 times, opened thin film turning every 10～15 days during fermentation
1 time, after having fermented, substrate is spread out dry standby；
(3) preparation of cultivation matrix, filling cultivation bed and seedling culture hole plate sabot:
First by the cultivation matrix primary raw material carbendazim after step (2) fermentation process or thiophanate methyl liquid medicine jet
Spilling process, perlite clear water drains open fire after soaking, then by cultivation matrix primary raw material with perlite by volume
Uniformly mix than 3～4 1, be then loaded in built on stilts cultivation bed with in the hole loading seedling culture hole plate；
(4) select of the right age dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to carry out indoor seedling exercising to adapt to, then heel in seedling culture hole plate and put
Management after heeling on temporary seedbed；
(5) field planting Herba Dendrobii Plug seedling after heeling in seedling exercising is to carrying out the management after field planting in built on stilts cultivation bed；
The standard of described of the right age dendrobe tissue culture Seedling is: every clump has 3～5 strains, and every strain has root 3～5, root length
2～3 centimetres, every strain has leaf 4～6, thick more than 0.3 centimetre of stem, high 4～7 centimetres, heel in suitable time
Phase is mid-September～mid-October；
Described heel in after management be: timing every day spraying clear water 1～2 times in 1 week after heeling in, make sky
Air humidity degree keeps 80%～90%, does not waters；Reduce spray timings after heeling in 1 week, make air humidity keep
70%～80%；If substrate is dry after heeling in 2 weeks, waters with watering can and execute substrate to water content 60%～70%；
After heeling in 20 days, within every 1～2 week, spray 1 foliage fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 0.2%～0.3% and 1500～
The flower of 2000 times of liquid the more No. 1 alternately sprays, and the most only executes a kind of foliage fertilizer, and each amount of application is every mu of face
Long-pending 30～45 kilograms；After heeling in 2 months, management method carries out cultivation management routinely, heels in seedling exercising 5～12
Garden field planting is gone out after individual month.
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, the granular size of Cortex Pini is 0.5～1.2 centimetre.
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, step (3) is first by the cultivation matrix primary raw material after fermentation process 800～1000 times of carbendazim or first
It is 60%～65% that base thiophanate medicine liquid spray mixes water content thoroughly, banks out with covered rearing with plastic film 3～5 days,
Perlite clear water soaks and drains open fire after 1～2 day, then by cultivation matrix primary raw material with perlite by volume
Uniformly mixing than 3～4 1, be then loaded in built on stilts cultivation bed, substrate filling thickness is 8～10 centimetres,
And substrate is loaded in the hole of 50 holes or 32 hole seedling culture hole plates.
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, the indoor seedling exercising adaptation described in step (4) is: often carried out in group training room moves to booth by of the right age tissue cultured seedling
Temperature seedling exercising adapts to, and temperature controls at 15 DEG C～28 DEG C, relative humidity 50%～80%, shading 70% in 1 week,
I.e. ceiling all standing degree of shading is the sunshade net of 70%, big by reducing the area of ceiling covered with sunshade net after 1 week
Minor adjustment is to shading in canopy 50%～60%, ventilated in keeping canopy, allows the tissue cultured seedling ring from closed stablity
Border to open change environment transition, the seedling exercising time be 2～4 thoughtful dendrobe tissue culture Seedlings leaf color jade green or dark green,
Stem section is plump sturdy and stem slightly hardens；Bottleneck was gradually opened wide in before tissue cultured seedling bottle outlet 2～3 days, i.e. first only twist
Pine bottle cap, unlimited degree is gradually increased, and within last 1 day, is all opened by bottle cap；During bottle outlet by tissue cultured seedling from bottle
Take out, clean the culture medium sticking on root with clear water, with 1000 times of carbendazim or methyl Tobe after draining the water
Whole strain seedling 10 minutes is soaked in Tianjin, and the root that then dries in the air at shady and cool ventilation is waited to heel in after turning white to root half a day.
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
It it is mid-March～by the end of May in, the suitable time of step (5) described field planting.
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, the management after the field planting of step (5) is: after Plug seedling field planting built on stilts cultivation bed, in 2 weeks, fine day regulation is shaded
Degree reaches more than 70%, uses the mode of spraying to keep air humidity, is sure not to water, the 1st week air after field planting
Humidity is maintained at 75%～85%, and after field planting, the 2nd week air humidity is maintained at 70%～75%, after field planting the 1st
Week and the 2nd week respectively with 0.2%～0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1500～2000 times of liquid flower the more No. 1 respectively
Foliage-spray 1 time, each amount of application is every mu of area 30～45 kilograms, manager routinely after field planting 2 weeks
Method carries out cultivation management, and after field planting 2 years start commodity Herba Dendrobii of gathering.
A kind of dendrobe cultivation method improving facility utilization rate the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, the root of dendrobe tissue culture Seedling to be heeled in is soaked in the ABT3 root-inducing powder of 100 mg/litre 15 points
Clock, heels in the most again, heels in survival rate to improve.
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| CN105028159A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-11-11 | 宣威市农硕农特产品开发有限公司 | Imitation wild planting substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparing method |
| CN105594567A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-05-25 | 广西南岜仔科技有限公司 | Planting method for Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo |
| CN105409744A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 广西南岜仔科技有限公司 | Planting method for dendrobium officinale |
| CN106359039A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 贵定县绿春农业发展有限公司 | Dendrobium nobile domestication technology |
| CN109329023B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-10-22 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Rejuvenation method for ornamental dendrobium plants |
| CN109452100A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 神农架神林生物科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of dendrobium candidum |
| CN112753532A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 彭贵阳 | Substrate formula and seedbed for dendrobium during seedling hardening period |
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