CN105028159A - Imitation wild planting substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparing method - Google Patents
Imitation wild planting substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105028159A CN105028159A CN201510548875.XA CN201510548875A CN105028159A CN 105028159 A CN105028159 A CN 105028159A CN 201510548875 A CN201510548875 A CN 201510548875A CN 105028159 A CN105028159 A CN 105028159A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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Abstract
The invention provides an imitation wild planting substrate for dendrobium officinale. The imitation wild planting substrate comprises a hardening-seedling substrate body and a culturing substrate body. A preparing method of the imitation wild planting substrate includes the steps that 1, pure pine bark is, used as the hardening-seedling substrate body, to be processed to be of the particle size ranging from 0.5 cm to 2 cm, then the hardening-seeding substrate body is disinfected, fermented, sprayed with water to be fully wet, the wet hardening-seedling substrate body is soaked in a bactericide for 24 hours and then fished out and stacked to be covered for 1 month to 2 months till the content of water ranges from 40% to 50%, that is, the hardening-seedling substrate body can be clustered when held by hands and dispersed when released by the hands; 2, the culturing substrate body is smashed through Huashan pine cone shell cuilleron to be particles of the diameter ranging from 2 cm to 3 cm; the culturing substrate body comprises, by weight, 65%-75% of Huashan pine cone shells, 15-25 parts of bits of wood and 10-15 parts of sheep feces particles after impurities such as stones and sand are removed, and a large-area culturing substrate is made by conducting fermentation treatment on the Huashan pine cone shells, the wood and the sheep feces particles; the raw materials are rich in organic matter, breathable, good in hydrophobicity, and growth of a dendrobium officinale root system is facilitated; the dendrobium officinale has rotting resistance and is free of pest eggs and the source of disease; the substrate raw materials are easy to obtain and convenient to make, the cost spent on dendrobium officinale cultivation is low, cultured seedlings are sturdy, the leaf surfaces are unfolded, the root system is developed, and the growth speed is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo and preparation method.
Background technology
Along with people increasing dendrobium candidum demand, artificial planting technique is also more and more general.For making dendrobium officinale resource in imminent danger obtain rational exploitation and utilization, walk sustainable development path.At present in Yunnan, Guangxi and zhejiang and other places carried out the artificial planting of the stem of noble dendrobium.The survival rate of transplanting dendrobium candidum in the selection of planting process mesostroma, growth, breeding and yield effect are very large.The particularly growth characteristics of dendrobium candidum, must have moisture capacity and the good cultivation matrix of ventilating air permeability, and extensive cultivation of dendrobium officinale, usually require that its cultivation matrix raw material is easy to get, easy to operate, and cost is low, ensures stem of noble dendrobium normal growth.So the stem of noble dendrobium growth matrix of production, needs to possess following characteristic:
Cultivate stem of noble dendrobium matrix used and should have several like this effect: one is the fixed effect to plant; Two is supply moisture effects; Three is supply low ion concns nutritive validities.Selected matrix should be: water conservation not ponding again, guarantees ventilation, is rich in certain nutrition, resistance toly rots, and is not with insect ovum and pathogeny person to be advisable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is open a kind of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo and preparation method, to solve the primary condition required for current stem of noble dendrobium artificial cultivation, for stem of noble dendrobium normal growth provides satisfactory matrix.
Imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, comprise hardening matrix and cultivation matrix two kinds, (1) the pure pine bark of hardening matrix, being processed into granularity is 0.5 ~ 2cm, through sterilization, fermentation, and water spray is fully moistening, and bactericide soaks to be pulled heap for 24 hours out and seal 1 ~ 2 month, water content, between 40% ~ 50%, accomplishes to hold agglomerating namely loose form of loosing one's grip; (2) cultivation matrix Huashan pine shell cuiller is ground into 2 ~ 3cm particle, remove stone, sand impurity, by weight, Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts mixing make commerial growing matrix through fermentation process.
By weight, in cultivation matrix, the best charge ratio of Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle three kinds of raw materials is 7:2:1.
The preparation method of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, the preparation of cultivation matrix comprise get the raw materials ready, substrate preparation, heap seal fermentation, use before sterilization and step of making the bed, specific as follows:
(1), get the raw materials ready: Huashan pine fruit of gathering September, select Huashan pine shell cuiller, wood chip, select spherical shaping complete sheep dung particle, by weight, get the raw materials ready by Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts of proportionings;
(2), Feedstock treating: Huashan pine shell cuiller and wood dust are broken into below 2-3cm particle, remove rubble and sand material for subsequent use: Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle 7:2:1 mix;
(3), heap seals fermentation: Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle that upper step (1) and (2) are handled well mix sealing and fermenting 2 ~ 3 months; Ferment 10 ~ 15 days, temperature reaches more than 55 ~ 60 DEG C, stirs once, afterwards same intervals time therewith, stir once, accumulative work stirs for 2 ~ 3 times, completes fermentation, when temperature is close to environmental temperature, material is pitchy, soft, frangible, dry matrix;
(4) processing mode of the matrix, after fermentation: a, desinsection are killed virus, and the matrix after fermentation is made 800 ~ 1500 times of liquids by the one in front thiophanate methyl, potassium permanganate again and soaked 7 ~ 10 days, does acid discharge, desinsection, sterilization process; B, to make the bed: mixed-matrix soak good after, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, be sieved into thick, fines matrix, the matrix through sterilization is placed in cultivation bed, the coarse fodder of bottom paving matrix, spread fines above, rake, thickness reaches 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres, spills wash with clear water, namely use shower nozzle timed spays matrix moisture in the soil face, promote that soil humidity is even, after 5 ~ 8 days, can seedlings of Dendrobium officinale be transplanted.
The preparation method of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, the size requirements of fermentation heap is: pile high 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, can not lower than 80 centimetres, wide 2 meters, heap length can according to fermentation material number freely adjust, general length is not lower than 2 meters, and single fermentation heap cumulative volume is not less than 3 cubes; On heap, add a cover gas permeability covering again, shading should be accomplished, take shelter from rain.
The preparation method of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, hardening matrix composition has the following steps: (1), with Pissodss sp. on Yunnan Pine as raw material, being processed into granularity is 0.5 × 0.5cm fritter grain; (2) tpn is mixed with soaked with liquid sterilization at least 24 hours; (3) water spray reaches feed moisture content 40% ~ 50%, makes it fully moistening; (4) ferment in sealing natural environment, temperature is more high better, fermentation time 1 ~ 2 month, accomplishes that namely hold agglomerating loosing one's grip falls apart into hardening matrix.
The matrix made as stated above, the granule size of planting matrix is 2 ~ 3cm, hardening matrix granule size 0.5 ~ 2cm; The material fermented is pitchy, soft, frangible, dries and can use.Raw material is rich in organic matter, ventilative, hydrophobicity is good, is more conducive to the growth of dendrobium candidum root system; There is resistance to rotting, the characteristic not with insect ovum and pathogeny.Base starting material easily obtains, easy to make, and, training seedling sturdy, blade face expansion, well developed root system low for officinal dendrobium stem plantation cost, survival rate is high, growth is fast.
Embodiment
Below provide embodiments of the invention:
The preparation of example one cultivation matrix
1, the preparation of cultivation matrix: annual September Huashan pine fruit harvesting, select Huashan pine shell as cultivation matrix primary raw material, it has following advantage, and one is corrosion resistant, and two is permeable, and three is breathe freely, and four is good water-retaining property; The sheep dung getting wood chip and globulate particle is again for subsequent use.Described wood chip is pine tree, Chinese fir class timber obtains.
2, substrate preparation, for 100 kilograms of matrix, wherein Huashan pine shell cuiller and wood chip, all be ground into below 2-3cm particle, remove impurity, this example is by Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle 7:2:1 feeding, i.e. Huashan pine shell 70 kilograms, wood chip 20 kilograms, sheep dung particle 10 kilograms, mix, as preparation commerial growing dendrobium candidum machine matter.
To prepare 105 kg matrix, by weight, by Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts of mode feedings, as got 65 kilograms of Huashan pine shells, 25 kilograms of wood chips, 15 kilograms of sheep dung particles, i.e. matrix described in obtained 105 kg.
To prepare 105 kg matrix, by weight, by Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts of mode feedings, as got 70 kilograms of Huashan pine shells, 20 kilograms of wood chips, 15 kilograms of sheep dung particles, i.e. matrix described in obtained 105 kg.
To produce 100 kilograms of matrix, by weight, by Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts of mode feedings, as got 75 kilograms of Huashan pine shells, 15 kilograms of wood chips, 10 kilograms of sheep dung particles, i.e. obtained 100 kilograms of described matrix.
To produce 100 kilograms of matrix, by weight, by Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts of mode feedings, as got 68 kilograms of Huashan pine shells, 22 kilograms of wood chips, 15 kilograms of sheep dung particles, i.e. matrix described in obtained 105 kg.
3, the material fermentation heap regulating moisture requires: the raw meal got ready is in a manner described broken into 2 ~ below 3cm granular Huashan pine shell cuiller, remove impurity, wood chip is as being greater than 2 ~ 3cm granularity, also pulverization process is made, then the compound of Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle is sprayed water, make the water content of windrow between 40% ~ 50%.Pile high 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, can not lower than 80 centimetres, wide 2 meters, the length of heap freely can adjust according to the number of fermentation material, and general length is not lower than 2 meters, and single fermentation heap cumulative volume is not less than 3 cubes; On heap, add a cover gas permeability covering again, as clean straw mat or mountain straw plaited are made into, laying is covered, shading should be accomplished, take shelter from rain.
4, fermentation is stacked: mix base starting material in heaps, sealing and fermenting 2 ~ 3 months.Through fermentation in 10 ~ 15 days, temperature reached more than 55 ~ 60 DEG C, now stirs once, afterwards in this way, namely accumulative stirring for 2 ~ 3 times complete fermentation, when temperature close to during environmental temperature matrix, the material fermented is pitchy, soft, frangible, dry and can use.
5, desinsection virus killing: the matrix after sealing and fermenting is before utilization, and with thiophanate methyl or potassium permanganate 800 ~ 1500 times of liquid, medicament soaks 7 ~ 10 days, uses after acid discharge, desinsection, sterilization.Also can be mixed with 800 ~ 1500 times of liquid with carbendazim, use after medicament immersion 7 ~ 10 days, acid discharge, desinsection, sterilization process, the latter has persticide residue because of it, therefore should adopt less.
6, make the bed: mixed-matrix soaks well, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, be sieved into thick, fines matrix, matrix through sterilization is placed in cultivation bed, bottom Pu coarse fodder matrix, spreads thinner matrix above, rakes, thickness reaches 3 cm, with clear water spill wash 5 ~ 8 days after can transplant seedlings of Dendrobium officinale.Clear water spills the mode of washing: with shower nozzle timed spays matrix moisture in the soil face, promote that soil humidity is even.
The preparation of example two hardening matrix
(1) the pure Pissodss sp. on Yunnan Pine of hardening matrix, it is 0.5 × 0.5cm that this example is processed into granularity, and through sterilization, fermentation, and water spray makes feed moisture content be 45%, and raw material obtains fully moistening; Soak with chlorothalonil and pull out for 24 hours, in natural environment, heap seals 1 ~ 2 month, can not have bulk, accomplish that namely hold agglomerating loosing one's grip falls apart; Bactericide occupation mode illustrates by drug packages and dissolves into solution.Natural environment be soaking disinfection after raw material build in heaps, ensure to cover heap face under ventilation requirement, as being made into re-laying covering with straw mat or mountain straw plaited, heap is sealed in process and is also needed to prevent rainwater from watering pouring.
(2) the hardening matrix made in a manner described, uses in the seedling hardening training link of taking root of the stem of noble dendrobium, uses front clear water to rinse well, bark, lay is on seedbed equably, and thickness is wanted evenly, to avoid thick local ponding, cause rotten, the lay thickness of bark is 7-10cm.
Select corrosion resistant, permeable, breathe freely, the Huashan pine shell of good water-retaining property chopping or be crushed to suitable dimension, wood chip, sheep dung particle in setting ratio, the solid of mixing sealing and fermenting is considered shape thing to be worth doing and is pasted dendrobium officinale substrate as artificial cultivation.Advantage is that raw material is easy to get, turns waste into wealth, and does not cause environmental pollution, easy to operate, is easy to promote, and prepared matrix is used for that officinal dendrobium stem plantation cost is low, training seedling sturdy, blade face expansion, well developed root system, survival rate is high, growth is fast.Summing up experience on this basis, selects some gardens fallen leaves, deadwood, sawdust, bark, wood shavings etc. and Huashan pine shell, the matrix that the biological nature being made into suitable dendrobium candidum requires, for artificial imitating wild planting dendrobium candidum popularization provides high-quality matrix.
Claims (5)
1. imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, comprise hardening matrix and cultivation matrix two kinds, it is characterized in that the pure pine bark of (1) hardening matrix, being processed into granularity is 0.5 ~ 2cm, through sterilization, fermentation, and water spray is fully moistening, and bactericide soaks to be pulled heap for 24 hours out and seal 1 ~ 2 month, water content, between 40% ~ 50%, accomplishes to hold agglomerating namely loose form of loosing one's grip; (2) cultivation matrix Huashan pine shell cuiller is ground into 2 ~ 3cm particle, removes stone, sand impurity, and by weight, the mixing of Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts makes commerial growing matrix through fermentation process.
2. imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by weight, in cultivation matrix, the best charge ratio of Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle three kinds of raw materials is 7:2:1.
3. the preparation method of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, it is characterized in that the preparation of cultivation matrix comprise get the raw materials ready, substrate preparation, heap seal fermentation, use before sterilization and step of making the bed, specific as follows:
(1), get the raw materials ready: Huashan pine fruit of gathering September, select Huashan pine shell cuiller, wood chip, select spherical shaping complete sheep dung particle, by Huashan pine shell 65 ~ 75 parts, wood chip 15 ~ 25 parts, sheep dung particle 10 ~ 15 parts of proportionings get the raw materials ready;
(2), Feedstock treating: Huashan pine shell cuiller and wood dust are broken into below 2-3cm particle, remove rubble and sand material for subsequent use: Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle 7:2:1 mix;
(3), heap seals fermentation: Huashan pine shell, wood chip, sheep dung particle that upper step (1) and (2) are handled well mix sealing and fermenting 2 ~ 3 months; Ferment 10 ~ 15 days, temperature reaches more than 55 ~ 60 DEG C, stirs once, afterwards same intervals time therewith, stir once, accumulative work stirs for 2 ~ 3 times, completes fermentation, when temperature is close to environmental temperature, material is pitchy, soft, frangible, dry matrix;
(4) processing mode of the matrix, after fermentation: a, desinsection are killed virus, and the matrix after sealing and fermenting is made 800 ~ 1500 times of liquids by the one in front thiophanate methyl, potassium permanganate again and soaked 7 ~ 10 days, does acid discharge, desinsection, sterilization process; B, to make the bed: mixed-matrix soak good after, pull out and dry in the air to half-dried, be sieved into thick, fines matrix, the matrix through sterilization is placed in cultivation bed, the coarse fodder of bottom paving matrix, spread fines above, rake, thickness reaches 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres, spills wash with clear water, namely use shower nozzle timed spays matrix moisture in the soil face, promote that soil humidity is even, after 5 ~ 8 days, can seedlings of Dendrobium officinale be transplanted.
4. the preparation method of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the size requirements of fermentation heap is: pile high 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, can not lower than 80 centimetres, wide 2 meters, heap length can according to fermentation material number freely adjust, general length is not lower than 2 meters, and single fermentation heap cumulative volume is not less than 3 cubes; On heap, add a cover gas permeability covering again, shading should be accomplished, take shelter from rain.
5. the preparation method of imitated wild planting matrix of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo according to claim 3, is characterized in that hardening matrix composition has the following steps: (1), with Pissodss sp. on Yunnan Pine as raw material, being processed into granularity is 0.5 × 0.5cm fritter grain; (2) soaked with liquid sterilization at least 24 hours is mixed with tpn; (3) water spray reaches feed moisture content 40% ~ 50%, makes it fully moistening; (4) ferment in sealing natural environment, temperature is more high better, fermentation time 1 ~ 2 month, accomplishes that namely hold agglomerating loosing one's grip falls apart into hardening matrix.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105900813A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江兰溪锦荣农业科技发展有限公司 | Dendrobium cultivating medium |
| CN105941107A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-21 | 凌云县长生仙草生物科技开发有限公司 | Planting substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparation method for planting substrate |
| CN106538371A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 巫溪县琼海农业有限公司 | The preparation method of dendrobium officinale culture medium |
| CN106961948A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-21 | 浙江物产长乐创龄生物科技有限公司 | A kind of kind cultivating method of dendrobium candidum |
| CN108157120A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-15 | 康美药业（文山）药材种植管理有限公司 | A kind of Dendrobium Chrysotoxum Lindl culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN108739246A (en) * | 2018-05-05 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽霍山斛花郎石斛开发有限公司 | A kind of cultivation matrix improving dendrobium candidum quality |
| CN115176688A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-10-14 | 神农架国家公园科学研究院 | Wild-imitating planting method for dendrobium kojima |
| CN115606478A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-01-17 | 德州市农业科学研究院 | Pepper plug seedling substrate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105941107A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-21 | 凌云县长生仙草生物科技开发有限公司 | Planting substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparation method for planting substrate |
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| CN108739246A (en) * | 2018-05-05 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽霍山斛花郎石斛开发有限公司 | A kind of cultivation matrix improving dendrobium candidum quality |
| CN108739246B (en) * | 2018-05-05 | 2020-09-29 | 安徽霍山斛花郎石斛开发有限公司 | Culture medium for improving quality of dendrobium officinale |
| CN115176688A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-10-14 | 神农架国家公园科学研究院 | Wild-imitating planting method for dendrobium kojima |
| CN115176688B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 神农架国家公园科学研究院 | Wild-imitating planting method for dendrobium candidum |
| CN115606478A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-01-17 | 德州市农业科学研究院 | Pepper plug seedling substrate |
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Application publication date: 20151111 |