CN115176688A - Wild-imitating planting method for dendrobium kojima - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, comprising the following steps: 1) placing the tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium sinensis loaded in a glass culture bottle in a shade of 55%-65% and a humidity of 40% ～70% and the temperature is 20～25℃ under natural light conditions, first close the bottle for 12～18 days, open the bottle mouth, and continue to harden the seedlings for 3～5 days; 2) After the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle, Transplant into a seedling tray equipped with a seedling substrate, and place the seedlings under the conditions of 60% to 70% shading, 40% to 70% humidity, and 15 to 25°C for 1 to 6 months. Obtain the domesticated seedlings; 3) the domesticated seedlings are fixedly planted on the rock walls of the field planting site through the seedling bag. The method for imitating the wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii of the invention improves the yield and medicinal value of Dendrobium dendrobii field planting.

Description

The method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of dendrobium planting. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis.

Background technique

Dendrobium is an epiphytic herb of the Orchidaceae family, plant height 4-10cm, stem cylindrical, slightly curved, with several nodes, leaves 2-4, alternate on the upper part of the stem, nearly leathery, flower 1 -2 flowers, the lower part of the petal is yellow-green, the upper part is nearly lavender, the lip is pale yellow, and the apex edge is lavender. Dendrobium sinensis is mainly produced in Shennongjia, Hubei, Ganluo, Sichuan and other places, and is born on the rocks in the valleys at an altitude of 1200-2000m. The stems of Dendrobium sinensis are used as medicine, which has the functions of nourishing yin and helping yang, nourishing the heart and blood, nourishing the liver and kidney. Dendrobium sinensis also has high ornamental value, with elegant flowers, exquisite and lovely, bright colors and fragrant smell. It is hailed as one of the "four ornamental foreign flowers".

Dendrobium sinensis grows in inaccessible, cloudy cliffs, rock crevices and towering ancient trees. It has a narrow distribution range and few populations. It not only has high medicinal value, but also has high ornamental value. Dendrobium with curved stems was originally very scarce in Shennongjia, and it has both medicinal and ornamental value, resulting in a sharp decline in the population of wild Dendrobium in Shennongjia, which is on the verge of extinction. Due to the difficult development and low reproduction rate of Dendrobium flexiformis under natural conditions, great achievements have been made in the tissue culture and breeding of Dendrobium flexiformis. In the process of planting, in order to solve the problems of pests and diseases and yield, a large amount of pesticides and various chemical additives are often used, which leads to the deterioration of the quality of Dendrobium dendrobii itself, such as pesticide residues, excessive heavy metals, and poor efficacy.

Therefore, in order to effectively restore the wild population, relieve the pressure from nature, and ensure the utility quality of Dendrobium curcumae, it is imperative to explore a method of imitating wild planting.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, so as to improve the yield and medicinal value of Dendrobium sinensis field planting.

In order to realize the object of the present invention and other advantages, a method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium flexiformis is provided, comprising the following steps:

1) Put the Dendrobium dendrobii tissue culture seedlings loaded in the glass culture bottle into the conditions that the shade degree is 55% to 65%, the humidity is 40% to 70%, and the temperature is 20 to 25° C. The seedling is hardened, and the bottle is closed first. The seedlings are hardened for 12 to 18 days, the bottle mouth is opened, and the seedlings are continued to be hardened for 3 to 5 days;

2) After the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle, they are transplanted into a seedling raising tray equipped with a seedling taming substrate, and placed in a shading degree of 60% to 70%, a humidity of 40% to 70%, and a temperature of 15 to 25° C. The domesticated seedlings were cultivated for 1 to 6 months under the conditions of the domesticated seedlings to obtain domesticated seedlings;

3) The domesticated seedlings are fixedly planted on the rock wall of the field planting site through the seedling bag.

Preferably, in the described method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii, in step 2), the specific process of removing the bottle and transplanting the tissue culture seedlings is as follows: taking out the Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings, washing off the root agar, placing them in carbendazim After soaking in the solution for 20-30min, take it out, dry the root water, and then transplant it until the root system is slightly white, and water it thoroughly.

Preferably, in the method for planting Dendrobium sinensis in the wild, the taming substrate is composed of fermented fruit scales, perlite and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 4:1:1, sterilized and cooled before use, wherein the fermented fruit scales are used. It is obtained by fermentation of fruit scales.

Preferably, the method for planting Dendrobium curcumae in the wild is imitated, and the field planting site is a shady, ventilated, half-shade and half-sun rock wall under a dense forest;

The process of fixed planting in step 3) is: put the fixed planting matrix into the non-woven seedling raising bag, put the domesticated seedlings, then add the fixed planting base, gently shake the non-woven seedling raising bag, so that the root system of the tissue culture seedling is stretched and compacted. , cut off the excess non-woven fabric to expose the domesticated seedling leaves, and then nail the non-woven fabric to the stone wall.

Preferably, in the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, the preparation method of the fixed planting substrate is as follows: fermenting human urine and diluting it with water by 3 to 5 times, and then placing the fermented fruit scales in the diluted fermented urine Let stand for 5 to 7 days, take out the fermented fruit scales and mix them with peat soil at a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain a fixed planting substrate, and the fermented fruit scales are obtained from fruit scales through fermentation treatment.

Preferably, in the method for planting Dendrobium dendrobii in the wild, the method for fermenting human urine is: placing human urine in an environment of 20-30° C. for fermentation, first fermenting naturally under non-closed conditions for 1 day, and then Add the kombucha bacteria liquid for unsealed fermentation for 2 to 3 days, then closed for 3 to 4 days, filter and sterilize to obtain fermented urine; the volume ratio of the kombucha bacteria liquid to human urine is 1:5, and the kombucha bacteria liquid is 1:5. The preparation method is as follows: green tea leaves are mixed with boiling water, leached for 20-30 minutes, filtered to remove slag, added with white sugar, mixed and dissolved, sterilized, cooled, inoculated with kombucha according to the inoculum amount of 8% to 10%, placed in fermentation The container is sealed with gauze, and cultured at 25-35° C. for 15 days to obtain a kombucha bacterial solution. The mass ratio of green tea leaves, boiling water and white sugar is 1:100:10.

Preferably, according to the method for planting Dendrobium curcumae in the wild, the number of non-woven seedling bag seedlings planted on the rock surface is 5×5 clumps per square meter, and each clump is 3-5 tissue culture seedlings.

Preferably, in the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, after fixed planting, the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed, and the nutrient solution is obtained by diluting 5-7 times of human urine after fermentation.

Preferably, in the described method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, after opening the bottle mouth in step 1), the tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium sinensis are first placed under red and blue light to cultivate for 10 days, then continue to refine the seedlings, and cultivate in red and blue light. The conditions are: first blue light for 8 hours, then red light for 4 hours, and then dark for 12 hours, alternating in turn, the light intensity is 1500-2000 lx, and the culture temperature is 20-25 °C.

Preferably, in the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, after the tissue culture seedlings are removed from the bottle and before transplanting the domesticated seedlings, the roots of the tissue culture seedlings are placed in a glass culture bottle containing an induction solution for 2-3 treatments. day, and placed the tissue culture seedlings under a white light with a light intensity of 5000lx. The induction solution was composed of far-infrared ceramic powder, salicylic acid and sterile water. Add 1g of far-infrared ceramic powder and 1.5mg of salicylic per 1L of sterile water. acid; among them, the tissue culture seedlings are cultivated for 1 to 2 months.

The present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects:

(1) The tissue culture seedlings are placed in the seedling matrix for domestication and cultivation and then fixedly planted to the stone wall of the field planting site, which can improve the survival rate of field planting of Dendrobium sinensis tissue culture seedlings and improve the yield of Dendrobium sinensis;

(2) Using the fermented human urine to prepare a planting substrate, and diluting the fermented urine as a nutrient solution for subsequent management, can promote the absorption of minerals by the plants of Dendrobium sinensis, and increase the content of trace elements in Dendrobium sinensis, thereby Improve medicinal value;

(3) In the seedling refining stage before the tissue culture seedlings are removed from the bottle, alternate cultivation of red and blue light can be used to adjust growth metabolism from the inside, promote the development of seedlings, and strengthen the growth adaptability of seedlings, thereby improving the survival of Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings in the field. Rate;

(4) Before transplantation and domestication, the tissue culture seedlings were placed in the induction solution. Under the stimulation of strong light and the protection of salicylic acid, the far-infrared ceramic powder promoted the activation of biological macromolecules in plant cells, enhanced cell vitality, and accelerated metabolism. Shorten the time of taming seedlings, and at the same time improve the survival rate and trace element content of Dendrobium dendrobii in the field.

Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will appear in part from the description that follows, and in part will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from the study and practice of the invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement according to the description.

It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

A method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, comprising the following steps:

1) Put the Dendrobium dendrobii tissue culture seedlings loaded in the glass culture bottle into the conditions that the shade degree is 55% to 65%, the humidity is 40% to 70%, and the temperature is 20 to 25° C. The seedling is hardened, and the bottle is closed first. The seedlings are hardened for 12 to 18 days, the bottle mouth is opened, and the seedlings are continued to be hardened for 3 to 5 days. The tissue culture seedlings are selected without disease, mold, sturdy rhizomes, and no mechanical damage;

2) After the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle, they are transplanted into a seedling raising tray equipped with a seedling taming substrate, and placed in a shading degree of 60% to 70%, a humidity of 40% to 70%, and a temperature of 15 to 25° C. The domesticated seedlings are cultivated for 1 to 6 months under the best conditions to obtain domesticated seedlings; the domesticated seedlings can be mixed with fermented pine bark or fermented fruit scales, perlite and vermiculite in a certain proportion, preferably fermented fruit scales, and the domesticated seedlings are used as the substrate. Before autoclaving for 30 minutes or high temperature exposure for 3 to 5 days, use after cooling.

3) The domesticated seedlings are fixedly planted on the rock wall of the field planting site through the seedling bag. Seedling hardening and taming can be carried out in outdoor natural light or under greenhouse conditions.

More preferably, in the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii, in step 2), the specific process of removing the bottle and transplanting the tissue culture seedlings is as follows: taking out the Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings, washing off the root agar, and placing them in carbendazim. After soaking in the solution for 20-30min, take it out, dry the root water, and then transplant until the root system is slightly whitish. The dry tissue culture seedlings are put into the seedling tray, and the upper part is covered with a layer of tame seedling matrix, which is lightly compacted, and watered after the entire seedling tray is fully planted.

More preferably, in the method of wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, the taming substrate is composed of fermented fruit scales, perlite and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 4:1:1, sterilized and cooled before use, wherein the fermented fruit scales are used. It is obtained by fermentation of fruit scales. Fruit scales refer to the seed scales of Huashan pine. The cones of Huashan pine fall naturally to the ground after they mature from October to November. The fruit scales are uniform in size and shape, with drainage, ventilation, and rich organic matter content, which are very suitable for domestication substrates of aerial root plants such as dendrobium. The fruit scales should be processed by fermentation before use to remove resin, cellulose, lignin, phenolic acid, tannic acid and other substances that are harmful to plant growth. The method of fruit scale fermentation uses a fermentation aid for outdoor fermentation. The details are as follows: add an appropriate amount of urea and carbendazim to wet the peeled fruit scales, stir thoroughly, cover with a plastic film and let stand for 1 day, and then add a fermentation aid Stir well, pile up into piles, cover with plastic film, expose to high temperature for 2-3 months, turn it about once every 5 days, spray water when turning, keep the substrate moist, and the mass ratio of fruit scale, urea, and carbendazim is 10: 2:1, the mass ratio of the mixture of the three raw materials and the fermentation aid is 10:1, and the fermentation aid purchased is an organic material decomposing agent produced by Henan Shuanghui Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. The main component is Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus, amylase, protease and its metabolites, etc.

More preferably, the method for planting Dendrobium curcumae in the wild is imitated, and the field planting site is shady and humid (humidity between 50% and 80%), ventilated, and half-shade and half-yang (half-yin and half-yang refers to forests) under dense forests. Scattered light, shading at 50% to 70%) of the rock wall, before transplanting, clean up the weeds and dead branches on the rock wall.

The process of fixed planting in step 3) is: put the fixed planting matrix into the non-woven seedling raising bag, put the domesticated seedlings, then add the fixed planting base, gently shake the non-woven seedling raising bag, so that the root system of the tissue culture seedling is stretched and compacted. , cut off the excess non-woven fabric to expose the domesticated seedling leaves, and then nail the non-woven fabric to the stone wall.

More preferably, in the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, the preparation method of fixed planting substrate is as follows: fermenting human urine and diluting it with water by 3 to 5 times, and then placing the fermented fruit scales in the diluted fermented urine. Let stand for 5 to 7 days, take out the fermented fruit scales and the peat soil and mix them at a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain a fixed planting substrate. Fermentation is carried out for 10-15 days. For example, human urine is placed in an environment of 20-30°C for natural fermentation, firstly fermented naturally under non-closed conditions for 3-5 days, then closed for 7-10 days, and sterilized after filtration. Get fermented urine. More preferably, the method for human urine fermentation is as follows: placing human urine in an environment of 20-30° C. for fermentation, first fermenting naturally under unsealed conditions for 1 day, and then adding kombucha bacteria liquid for unsealed fermentation for 2-3 days. , and then closed and fermented for 3 to 4 days, filtered and sterilized to obtain fermented urine; the volume ratio of kombucha bacterial liquid to human urine is 1:5, and the preparation method of kombucha bacterial liquid is: mixing green tea leaves with boiling water, soaking Lift for 20-30 minutes, filter and remove slag, add white sugar, mix and dissolve, sterilize, inoculate kombucha according to the inoculum amount of 8%-10% after cooling, place it in a fermentation container to seal with gauze, and store at 25-35°C. After culturing for 15 days, the kombucha bacteria liquid was obtained, and the mass ratio of green tea leaves, boiling water and white sugar was 1:100:10.

More preferably, according to the method of planting Dendrobium dendrobii in the wild, after fixed planting, the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed, and the nutrient solution is obtained by diluting 5-7 times of human urine after fermentation.

Using the fermented human urine to prepare the cultivation substrate, and diluting the fermented urine as the nutrient solution applied in the subsequent management, can promote the absorption of minerals by the plants of Dendrobium sinensis, and increase the content of trace elements in Dendrobium sinensis, thereby improving the medicinal use. value.

More preferably, in the method of wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, the number of non-woven seedling bag seedlings planted on the rock surface is 5×5 clumps per square meter, and each clump is 3-5 tissue culture seedlings.

More preferably, in the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii, after opening the bottle mouth in step 1), the tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium dendrobii are first placed under red and blue light to cultivate for 10 days, then continue to refine the seedlings, and cultivate in red and blue light. The conditions are: first blue light for 8 hours, then red light for 4 hours, and then dark for 12 hours, alternating in turn, the light intensity is 1500-2000 lx, and the culture temperature is 20-25 °C. Before the tissue culture seedlings are removed from the bottle, the alternate cultivation of red and blue light can be used to regulate growth metabolism from the inside, promote the development of seedlings, and strengthen the growth adaptability of seedlings, thereby improving the survival rate of Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings in the field.

More preferably, according to the method of planting Dendrobium dendrobii in the wild, after the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle and before transplanting and domesticating the seedlings, the roots of the tissue culture seedlings are placed in a glass culture bottle containing an induction solution for 2-3 treatments. day, and placed the tissue culture seedlings under a white light with a light intensity of 5000lx. The induction solution was composed of far-infrared ceramic powder, salicylic acid and sterile water. Add 1g of far-infrared ceramic powder and 1.5mg of salicylic per 1L of sterile water. acid; among them, the tissue culture seedlings are cultivated for 1 to 2 months. Before transplanting and domestication, the tissue culture seedlings were placed in the induction solution. Under the stimulation of strong light and the protection of salicylic acid, the far-infrared ceramic powder promoted the activation of biological macromolecules in the plant cells, enhanced cell vitality, accelerated metabolism, and shortened the domestication of seedlings. time, and at the same time improve the survival rate and trace element content of Dendrobium dendrobii in the field.

The technical solution of the present invention can also include the following technical details to better realize the technical effect:

The fermented fruit scales used in the following examples are all obtained by using fermentation aids to carry out outdoor fermentation, and the details are as follows: the peeled fruit scales are fully stirred after adding an appropriate amount of urea and carbendazim to be wetted, covered with a plastic film and allowed to stand for 1 day , then add the fermentation aids and stir well, pile up into piles, cover with plastic film, expose to high temperature (above 30 ℃) for 2-3 months, turn once every 5 days, spray water when turning, keep the substrate moist, fruit scales, The mass ratio of urea and carbendazim is 10:2:1, and the mass ratio of the mixture obtained from the three raw materials to the fermentation aid is 10:1. The purchased fermentation aid is produced by Henan Shuanghui Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Organic material decomposing agent, the main components are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus, amylase, protease and its metabolites.

Example 1:

A method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, comprising the following steps:

1) Put the Dendrobium dendrobii tissue culture seedlings loaded in the glass culture bottle into the conditions that the shade degree is 55% to 65%, the humidity is 40% to 70%, and the temperature is 20 to 25° C. The seedling is hardened, and the bottle is closed first. The seedlings are hardened for 12 days, the bottle mouth is opened, and the seedlings are continued to be hardened for 3 days;

2) After the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle, they are transplanted into a seedling raising tray equipped with a seedling taming substrate, and placed in a shading degree of 60% to 70%, a humidity of 40% to 70%, and a temperature of 15 to 25° C. The domesticated seedlings were cultivated for 1 month under the conditions of the best conditions to obtain domesticated seedlings. The domesticated seedlings substrate was composed of fermented fruit scales, perlite and vermiculite according to the mass ratio of 4:1:1, and used after sterilization and cooling. Obtained by fermentation;

3) The domesticated seedlings are planted on the shady, damp, ventilated, half-shade and half-sunny rock wall under the dense forest through the seedling bag. Between 50% and 80%.

In step 2), the specific process of tissue culture seedling de-bottle transplanting is as follows: take out the Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings, wash off the root agar, place it in the carbendazim solution and soak it for 20min, then remove it, and dry the root water until the root system is slightly Transplant when it turns white, and water it well.

The process of fixed planting in step 3) is: put the fixed planting matrix into the non-woven seedling raising bag, put the domesticated seedlings, then add the fixed planting base, gently shake the non-woven seedling raising bag, so that the root system of the tissue culture seedling is stretched and compacted. , cut off the excess non-woven fabric to expose the domesticated seedling leaves, and then nail the non-woven fabric to the stone wall.

The preparation method of the fixed planting substrate is: dilute human urine by 3 times with water after fermentation, then place the fermented fruit scales in the diluted fermented urine and let stand for 5 days, and take out the fermented fruit scales and the peat soil in a mass ratio of 5. : 1 mixing, obtaining a fixed planting substrate, and the fermented fruit scale is that the fruit scale is obtained through fermentation treatment;

The method of human urine fermentation is as follows: the human urine is placed in an environment of 20-30° C. for natural fermentation, firstly fermented naturally under non-closed conditions for 3 days, then closed and fermented for 7 days, filtered and sterilized to obtain fermented urine.

The number of non-woven seedling bag seedlings planted on the rock surface was 5 × 5 clumps per square meter, and each clump was 3 tissue culture seedlings.

After planting, the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed, and the nutrient solution is obtained by 5 times dilution of human urine after fermentation.

Example 2:

A method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, comprising the following steps:

1) Put the Dendrobium dendrobii tissue culture seedlings loaded in the glass culture bottle into the conditions that the shade degree is 55% to 65%, the humidity is 40% to 70%, and the temperature is 20 to 25° C. The seedling is hardened, and the bottle is closed first. The seedlings were hardened for 18 days, the bottle mouth was opened, and the seedlings were continued to be hardened for 5 days;

2) After the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle, they are transplanted into a seedling raising tray equipped with a seedling taming substrate, and placed in a shading degree of 60% to 70%, a humidity of 40% to 70%, and a temperature of 15 to 25° C. The domesticated seedlings were cultivated for 6 months under the best conditions to obtain domesticated seedlings, and the domesticated seedlings substrate was composed of fermented fruit scales, perlite and vermiculite according to the mass ratio of 4:1:1, and used after sterilization and cooling;

3) The domesticated seedlings are planted on the shady, damp, ventilated, half-shade and half-sunny rock wall under the dense forest through the seedling bag. Between 50% and 80%.

In step 2), the specific process of tissue culture seedling de-bottle transplanting is as follows: take out the Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings, wash off the root agar, place it in the carbendazim solution and soak for 30min, then remove it, and dry the root water until the root system is slightly Transplant when it turns white, and water it well.

The process of fixed planting in step 3) is: put the fixed planting matrix into the non-woven seedling raising bag, put the domesticated seedlings, then add the fixed planting base, gently shake the non-woven seedling raising bag, so that the root system of the tissue culture seedling is stretched and compacted. , cut off the excess non-woven fabric to expose the domesticated seedling leaves, and then nail the non-woven fabric to the stone wall.

The preparation method of the fixed planting substrate is as follows: the human urine is fermented and diluted 5 times with water, and then the fermented fruit scales are placed in the diluted fermented urine for 7 days, and the fermented fruit scales and the peat soil are taken out in a mass ratio of 5. : 1 mixing to obtain a fixed planting substrate;

The method of human urine fermentation is as follows: the human urine is naturally fermented in an environment of 20-30° C., firstly fermented naturally under non-closed conditions for 5 days, then closed and fermented for 10 days, filtered and sterilized to obtain fermented urine.

The number of non-woven seedling bag seedlings planted on the rock surface was 5 × 5 clumps per square meter, and each clump was 5 tissue culture seedlings.

After planting, the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed, and the nutrient solution is obtained by diluting 7 times of human urine after fermentation.

Example 3:

A method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis, comprising the following steps:

1) Put the Dendrobium dendrobii tissue culture seedlings loaded in the glass culture bottle into the conditions that the shade degree is 55% to 65%, the humidity is 40% to 70%, and the temperature is 20 to 25° C. The seedling is hardened, and the bottle is closed first. The seedlings are hardened for 15 days, the bottle mouth is opened, and the seedlings are continued to be hardened for 4 days;

2) After the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle, they are transplanted into a seedling raising tray equipped with a seedling taming substrate, and placed in a shading degree of 60% to 70%, a humidity of 40% to 70%, and a temperature of 15 to 25° C. The domesticated seedlings were cultivated for 4 months under the best conditions to obtain domesticated seedlings, and the domesticated seedlings substrate was composed of fermented fruit scales, perlite and vermiculite according to the mass ratio of 4:1:1, and used after sterilization and cooling;

3) The domesticated seedlings are planted on the shady, damp, ventilated, half-shade and half-sunny rock wall under the dense forest through the seedling bag. Between 50% and 80%.

In step 2), the specific process of removing the bottle and transplanting the tissue culture seedlings is as follows: take out the Dendrobium sinensis seedlings, wash off the root agar, place them in the carbendazim solution and soak them for 25min, then remove them, and dry the root water until the root system is slightly Transplant when it turns white, and water it well.

The process of fixed planting in step 3) is: put the fixed planting matrix into the non-woven seedling raising bag, put the domesticated seedlings, then add the fixed planting base, gently shake the non-woven seedling raising bag, so that the root system of the tissue culture seedling is stretched and compacted. , cut off the excess non-woven fabric to expose the domesticated seedling leaves, and then nail the non-woven fabric to the stone wall.

The preparation method of the fixed planting substrate is: dilute human urine by 4 times with water after fermentation, and then place the fermented fruit scales in the diluted fermented urine for 6 days, and take out the fermented fruit scales and the peat soil in a mass ratio of 5. : 1 mixing to obtain a fixed planting substrate;

The method of human urine fermentation is as follows: the human urine is naturally fermented in the environment of 20-30°C, firstly fermented naturally under non-closed conditions for 4 days, then closed and fermented for 8 days, filtered and sterilized to obtain fermented urine.

The number of non-woven seedling bag seedlings planted on the rock surface was 5 × 5 clumps per square meter, and each clump was 4 tissue culture seedlings.

After planting, the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed, and the nutrient solution is obtained by diluting 6 times of human urine after fermentation.

Example 4:

On the basis of Example 3, the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium officinale, the method of human urine fermentation is: place human urine in the environment of 20～30 ℃ to ferment, first ferment naturally under non-closed conditions For 1 day, add kombucha bacteria liquid for unsealed fermentation for 3 days, and then closed for fermentation for 4 days, filter and sterilize to obtain fermented urine; the volume ratio of kombucha bacteria liquid to human urine is 1:5, and the kombucha bacteria liquid is 1:5. The preparation method is as follows: mixing green tea leaves with boiling water, leaching for 30 minutes, filtering and removing residue, adding white granulated sugar, mixing and dissolving, sterilizing, after cooling, inoculating kombucha according to the inoculation amount of 10%, placing it in a fermentation container to seal with gauze, The kombucha bacteria solution is obtained by culturing at 25-35° C. for 15 days, and the mass ratio of green tea leaves, boiling water and white sugar is 1:100:10.

The rest of the methods are the same as in Example 3.

Example 5:

On the basis of Example 3, the method of the described Dendrobium dendrobii imitating wild planting, after opening the bottle mouth in step 1), the tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium dendrobii were first placed under red and blue light to cultivate for 10 days, and then continue to harden the seedlings , The red and blue light culture conditions are: first blue light for 8 hours, then red light for 4 hours, and then dark for 12 hours, alternately, the light intensity is 2000lx, and the culture temperature is 20-25 °C. The rest of the methods are the same as in Example 3.

Example 6:

On the basis of Example 3, the described method of Dendrobium dendrobii imitating wild planting, after the tissue culture seedlings were taken out of the bottle, before transplanting and domesticating the seedlings, the roots of the tissue culture seedlings were placed in a glass culture bottle containing an induction solution Treated for 3 days, and placed the tissue culture seedlings under a white light with a light intensity of 5000lx. The induction solution was composed of far-infrared ceramic powder, salicylic acid and sterile water. Add 1g of far-infrared ceramic powder and 1.5mg per 1L of sterile water. Salicylic acid. The tissue culture seedlings were cultivated for 1 month. The rest of the methods are the same as in Example 3.

Example 7:

On the basis of Example 4, the method of the described Dendrobium dendrobii imitating wild planting, after opening the bottle mouth in step 1), the tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium dendrobii were first placed under red and blue light and cultivated for 10 days, and then continued to harden the seedlings , The red and blue light culture conditions are: first blue light for 8 hours, then red light for 4 hours, and then dark for 12 hours, alternately, the light intensity is 2000lx, and the culture temperature is 20-25 °C. The rest of the methods are the same as in Example 4.

Example 8:

On the basis of Example 7, the described method of Dendrobium dendrobii imitating wild planting, after the tissue culture seedlings were taken out of the bottle, before transplanting and domesticating the seedlings, the roots of the tissue culture seedlings were placed in a glass culture bottle containing an induction solution Treated for 3 days, and placed the tissue culture seedlings under a white light with a light intensity of 5000lx. The induction solution was composed of far-infrared ceramic powder, salicylic acid and sterile water. Add 1g of far-infrared ceramic powder and 1.5mg per 1L of sterile water. Salicylic acid. The tissue culture seedlings were cultivated for 1 month. Other methods are the same as in Example 7.

Comparative Example 1:

On the basis of Example 3, the tissue culture seedlings were removed from the bottle and planted in a seedling bag on a shady, ventilated, half-shade and half-sunny rock wall under the dense forest to remove the domestication and cultivation process. The rest of the methods are the same as in Example 3.

Comparative Example 2:

On the basis of Example 3, the domesticated seedlings were placed in a greenhouse for planting management, and the planting management conditions in the greenhouse included: the shading degree of the greenhouse was 65%; the temperature was controlled at 15-25°C; the humidity was controlled at 40%-70% , the continuous high temperature weather should spray water on the leaf surface of the domesticated seedlings every morning and afternoon, and water the domesticated seedlings at intervals of 3-4 days to keep the substrate moist. The management before acclimation seedlings is the same as in Example 3.

Comparative Example 3:

On the basis of Example 3, the fermented fruit scales in the seedling domestication substrate and the fixed planting substrate were replaced with fermented pine bark. The fermentation method of fermented pine bark is as follows: the pine bark is first sterilized, for example, boiled in boiling water for 2-3 hours to kill the bacteria and eggs in it, picked up and placed in a plastic bucket, and then poured into the urea solution to stir and moisturize, Then cover the barrel and seal it, put it in the sun for about 2-3 months, and turn it at an interval of 5 days to make it fully decomposed. The mass ratio of urea solution to pine bark is 3:1.

In order to better highlight the beneficial effect of the method of imitating wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii of the present invention, the inventors adopted the tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium dendrobii from the same source (with the Dendrobium dendrobii plants of the control group as the source to cultivate the tissue culture seedlings), and for implementing The method of the example and the comparative example was used for planting experiments, and the planting site was selected on the stone wall under the dense forest next to a Guanmenshan laboratory in Shennongjia (in line with the conditions of shade, humidity, ventilation, half shade and half sun under the dense forest, scattered light under the forest, shading The shade is between 50% and 70%, and the humidity is between 50% and 80%. 30 culture bottles are used for each group of examples or comparative examples. For the content of trace elements in Dendrobium, the natural growth of Dendrobium with curved stems on the stone wall of a Yinyu River canyon in Shennongjia was used as the control group (non-artificial planting). The statistical results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Planting test results

As can be drawn from Table 1, Comparative Example 1, Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 are respectively 0 months, 1 month, 6 months, and 4 months for the cultivation time of seedlings. The survival rates of fixed planting in the wild are 50%, 60%, 80%, and 70%, respectively, and the annual output is 110g/m ² , 120g/m ² , 175g/m ² , 160g/m ² , and the trace elements also have corresponding differences. , which shows that the length of time for domestication and cultivation has a great impact on the growth of Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings after they are planted in the wild. However, the long time for domestication of seedlings increases the labor and production costs of planting management and reduces the annual output. Compared with Example 3, Example 4 used the human urine prepared by fermentation of kombucha, and the human urine was used in the fixed planting substrate and the nutrient solution. As can be seen from Example 3 and Example 4, the Methods It was found that the content of trace elements in Dendrobium dendrobii increased significantly, and the survival rate and annual yield of fixed planting in the field also increased slightly. The liquid can promote the absorption of minerals by Dendrobium sinensis plants, increase the content of trace elements in Dendrobium sinensis, thereby improving the medicinal value.

Compared with Example 3 and Example 7, compared with the planting method of Example 4, there are more red and blue light alternate cultivation stages. As can be seen from Table 1, the seedling hardening stage before the tissue culture seedlings are removed from the bottle adopts red and blue light. Alternate cultivation significantly improved the survival rate and annual yield of Dendrobium dendrobii seedlings in the field, and the trace elements increased slightly.

Compared with Example 3 and Example 8, the planting method of Example 7 has more induction liquid treatment process, and the tissue culture seedlings of Example 3 and Example 7 are cultivated for 4 months. 6 and the tissue culture seedlings of Example 8 were cultivated for 1 month. As can be seen from Table 1, before the transplanting and domestication, the tissue culture seedlings were placed in the induction solution and processed, which could shorten the time for the domestication of the seedlings and improve the curved stems simultaneously. The survival rate, annual yield and content of trace elements of Dendrobium in the field indicated that the process of induction solution had a great influence on the field growth of Dendrobium flexiformis. For planting Dendrobium flexorii, the planting time was greatly shortened, and the amount of production labor and production was reduced. cost.

Embodiment 3 is a field planting method of the present invention, and Comparative Example 2 is a greenhouse planting method, and as can be seen from Table 1, the fixed planting survival rate and annual output of Dendrobium flexiformis in Comparative Example 2 are slightly higher, and the Dendrobium flexiformis planted in the field is slightly higher. The content of trace elements is slightly higher, but the cost of wild planting is lower than that of greenhouse planting, and the quality and safety problems such as pesticide residues and the reduction of drug efficacy and quality in the greenhouse planting process are avoided. Therefore, the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis of the present invention better.

The difference between embodiment 3 and comparative example 3 is that the raw materials of seedling taming substrate and fixed planting substrate are replaced by fermented fruit scales with fermented pine bark, as can be seen from Table 1, use the fermented fruit scales to plant the Dendrobium sinensis field fixed planting and survive. The rate and annual yield were higher, and the content of trace elements also increased correspondingly, indicating that the fermented fruit scales were more suitable for the planting of Dendrobium sinensis than the pine bark commonly used for substrate production.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the application listed in the description and the embodiment, and it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it can be easily Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and the scope of equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium officinale, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1) Put the Dendrobium dendrobii tissue culture seedlings loaded in the glass culture bottle into the conditions that the shade degree is 55% to 65%, the humidity is 40% to 70%, and the temperature is 20 to 25° C. The seedling is hardened, and the bottle is closed first. The seedlings are hardened for 12 to 18 days, the bottle mouth is opened, and the seedlings are continued to be hardened for 3 to 5 days; 2) After the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of the bottle, they are transplanted into a seedling raising tray equipped with a seedling taming substrate, and placed in a shading degree of 60% to 70%, a humidity of 40% to 70%, and a temperature of 15 to 25° C. The domesticated seedlings were cultivated for 1 to 6 months under the conditions of the domesticated seedlings to obtain domesticated seedlings; 3) The domesticated seedlings are fixedly planted on the rock wall of the field planting site through the seedling bag. 2. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2), the concrete process of tissue culture seedling removal from bottle and transplanting is: the Dendrobium sinensis seedling is taken out, and the root agar is washed away , Soak it in carbendazim solution for 20-30min, then take it out, dry the root water, and then transplant it until the root system is slightly whitish, and water it thoroughly. 3. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, taming seedling substrate is made up of fermented fruit scale, perlite and vermiculite according to mass ratio of 4:1:1, after sterilization cooling Use, wherein the fermented fruit scale is obtained by the fruit scale through fermentation treatment. 4. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the field planting site is the rock wall of dampness, ventilation, half shade and half sun under the dense forest; The process of fixed planting in step 3) is: put the fixed planting matrix into the non-woven seedling raising bag, put the domesticated seedlings, then add the fixed planting base, gently shake the non-woven seedling raising bag, so that the root system of the tissue culture seedling is stretched and compacted. , cut off the excess non-woven fabric to expose the domesticated seedling leaves, and then nail the non-woven fabric to the stone wall. 5. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the preparation method of fixed planting substrate is: after human urine is fermented, diluted 3～5 times with water, then the fermented fruit scale is placed in the The diluted fermented urine is allowed to stand for 5 to 7 days, and the fermented fruit scales and peat soil are taken out and mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain a fixed planting substrate. The fermented fruit scales are obtained from fruit scales through fermentation treatment. 6. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the method for human urine fermentation is: human urine is placed in the environment of 20～30 ℃ of fermentation, first under non-closed conditions Naturally fermented for 1 day, then added kombucha bacterial liquid for unsealed fermentation for 2 to 3 days, and then closed for 3 to 4 days, filtered and sterilized to obtain fermented urine; the volume ratio of kombucha bacterial liquid to human urine was 1: 5. The preparation method of the kombucha bacteria liquid is as follows: mixing green tea leaves with boiling water, leaching for 20-30 minutes, filtering and removing residue, adding white granulated sugar, mixing and dissolving, sterilizing, and inoculating according to the inoculum amount of 8%-10% after cooling. The kombucha is placed in a fermentation container, sealed with gauze, and cultured at 25-35° C. for 15 days to obtain a kombucha bacterial liquid. The mass ratio of green tea leaves, boiling water and white sugar is 1:100:10. 7. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium sinensis as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the planting quantity of non-woven seedling bag seedlings on rock surface is 5 × 5 clumps per square meter, and every clump is a group of 3-5 strains Cultivation. 8. The method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, after fixed planting, nutrient solution is regularly sprayed, and the nutrient solution is obtained by diluting 5-7 times of human urine after fermentation. 9. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium dendrobii as described in any one of claims 1-8, is characterized in that, after opening the bottle mouth in step 1), Dendrobium dendrobii tissue culture seedling is first placed under red and blue light to cultivate 10 The cultivation conditions of red and blue light are: first blue light for 8 hours, then red light for 4 hours, then dark for 12 hours, alternately, the light intensity is 1500 ~ 2000lx, and the cultivation temperature is 20 ~ 25 ℃. 10. the method for imitating wild planting of Dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, after the tissue culture seedling is taken off the bottle, before transplanting the domesticated seedling, the root of the tissue culture seedling is placed in the glass culture that induces liquid is housed Treat in a bottle for 2 to 3 days, and place the tissue culture seedlings under a white light with a light intensity of 5000lx. The induction solution is composed of far-infrared ceramic powder, salicylic acid and sterile water. Add 1g of far-infrared ceramics per 1L of sterile water. Powder and 1.5mg salicylic acid; among them, the tissue culture seedlings are cultivated for 1 to 2 months.