CN103733943B - The pruning management method of a kind of large cherry tree - Google Patents
The pruning management method of a kind of large cherry tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103733943B CN103733943B CN201410017539.8A CN201410017539A CN103733943B CN 103733943 B CN103733943 B CN 103733943B CN 201410017539 A CN201410017539 A CN 201410017539A CN 103733943 B CN103733943 B CN 103733943B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the pruning management method of a kind of large cherry tree, by the selection of seedling set large cherry, field planting, tree-like cultivation, prune and a series of technology such as fertilising, be trained that wind resistance power is strong, result early, large, the high large cherry being easy to management of output of fruit sets.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pruning administrative skill of a kind of large cherry tree.
Background technology
The tree-like major part of large cherry early high-yield that each large cherry producing region, the current whole nation and each large cherry research unit promote is all free spindle, and the following two kinds of methods of general employing carry out shaping:
Method one:
1, heading height 80-100 centimetre, major branch angle is pulled to 80-90 degree by late July to late August; The tip or heavy pinching are turned round to vertical branch.
2, carry out before Second Year rudiment in spring carving bud: a bud is carved every 10-15 centimetre in direction trunk being sent out as required branch, carves 6-7, to the primary tiller of evening up the previous year, except back bud, both sides and behind bud all carve bud, until till 30 centimetres, the tip of a branch.Doing branch until center inscribes after portion bud sprouts, center is done branch to make dry place by oneself and upwards cut off at about 1 meter place, 2nd, the elongated shoot of branch and the same First Year of process of competitive branch are done in 3 Nian Dui centers, angle of release is carried out to 80-90 degree to the elongated shoot of the major branch that the major branch selected and remain then and last year are selected and remain, to the strong prosperous branch heavy pinching of each major branch back and turn round the tip control, remove the heavy pinching that overstocked branch stays.Within 3 to 4 years, substantially complete tree-like arrangement.
Method two:
1, to plant First Year: heading height 80 cm, first bud under fixed dry rear reservation clip, all buds of erasing in 10 cm range below the first bud, select 4-5 full bud for more than less than 10 centimetres to ground 30 centimetres, semicircle wound is carved to xylem with hacksaw blade above bud, make each bud keep at a certain distance away and spiral escalation stay bud to send out branch, all the other buds are all erased, and the bud from ground to 30 centimetre is also all erased, late July to early August draws branch to cultivated a 4-5 major branch then, makes its spreading angle be 90 degree (parallel to the ground).
2, to plant Second Year: all branches that spring evens up First Year are at 30 centimetres of outer cutting backs, under clip, the first bud selection selects the lower full bud of the back of the body, back bud is all erased, central authorities leader is done and cuts off in 70-80 centimeters, the eye of erasing under clip below the first bud in 10 centimetres, the bud of less than 10 centimetres 3-4 different azimuth of selecting and remain, bud carved by the distance hacksaw of every bud interval 15 cm.Late July to late August draws branch to open a business to 90 degree to cultivated a 3-4 major branch.Summer, from the strong prosperous branch of back of erasing in 4 months, the last ten-days period, is grown to 10 cm and starts pinching to back, two side shoots or remove.
3, plant the 3rd year: the major branch cultivated First Year is apart from base portion 80 centimeters cutting back, and under clip, the first bud selection selects bud under the full back of the body, back bud of erasing.Length is stayed to the dry secateurs in center, center does the same Second Year of process carving bud and other bud, to the process of the major branch that Second Year is cultivated with the process of Second Year to First Year major branch.
4, plant the 4th year: selecting and remain of branch is done to center and carves bud and stay branch with the 3rd year.Third layer, the 4th layer of branch carry out horizontal uniaxial extension, do not stay side shoot.
Substantially tree-like cultivation is completed, the height of tree about 3 meters, about 15, major branch through 3-4.
Above-mentioned traditional beta pruning draws a mode to there is following shortcoming:
(1) spindle level draws branch, and because lower floor's branch is overhead too near, management is inconvenient.
(2) level draws branch result on the main backrest of branch (two side shoots also upwards grow and become back branch), to the continuously necessary and pinching year after year at Growing season of back branch, and will constantly even up peripheral elongated shoot, define the vicious circle of taking a lot of work, requiring great effort.
(3) spindle level draws branch based on back branch result, and based on armpit bud result after pinching, and each fruit branch density is large, concentrated, there is the bud quality difference, not frost-resistant, fruit-setting rate is low, move outside setting fruit position and the easy shortcoming such as deadwood, and the liftoff position of major branch, horizontal branch bottom is low, is difficult to bear fruit.
(4) traditional spindle tree, for controlling its growth and precocity fruiting, must adopt dwarfing rootstock, or control tree vigo(u)r with the plant hormone such as paclobutrazol, PBO.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the pruning management method that a kind of new large cherry is set, large cherry tree adopts this pruning administrative skill, not only saving of labor, laborsaving manageability, and result early, and output is high.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted is: the pruning management method of a kind of large cherry tree, it is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
(1), selection of seedling: select large cherry seedling grafting mouth above highly for 80-150 centimetre, robust growth, grafting mouth above 20-50 centimeters eye be full, without wearing and tearing, not falling or the one year seedling of summer that scarce bud, root system are complete or spring grafting, stock is folium isatidis kind, nursery stock be go out garden mid or late November to early December store sth. in a cellar seedling completely through heat and moisture preserving process;
(2), field planting:
1, before field planting, spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (not biuret-containing) on ground, every mu organic fertilizer 200-500 kilogram, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 50-100 kilogram, deep ploughing is digged, and makes active soil stratum reach more than 40 centimetres;
2, field planting: spacing in the rows is 2.5-3.5 rice, line-spacing: 3.5-4.5 rice, resident time is before spring, soil set germination to large cherry after thawing;
3, during field planting, first in planting pit, apply 0.1-0.3 kilogram of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, in microbial-bacterial fertilizer and cave, soil is planted after mixing thoroughly again, and the depth of planting will reach grafting part 0-10 centimetre above ground level;
(3), tree-like cultivation and fertilising:
1, the management of First Year:
(1), fixed dry: heading height is 30-50 centimetre, and (nursery stock comparatively weak person's heading height is 30-40 centimetre, the more healthy and stronger person's heading height of nursery stock is 40-50 centimetre), surely the dry time is 5-20 days before seedling bud is sprouted, and under fixed dry clip and clip, the distance of the first bud is greater than 1 centimetre;
(2), the selection of branch and the cultivation of ground floor major branch are done in center: when young sprout grows to 25-35 centimetre, vigorous, the upright young sprout of topmost growth is selected to do branch as center, every strain is other inserts one thick 2-3 centimetre, be highly greater than the bamboo bar of 3 meters, branch is done at the center of nursery stock and selection and is strapped on bamboo bar; Regulate the second bud branch, the 3rd Ya Zhiyu center angle done between branch be 60 degree, bottom branch to be adjusted to and the center angle done between branch is 50 degree, as ground floor major branch, its rugosity be less than inserted part center dry 1/3;
(3), rich water quality management: 20-July 20 May after Survival rate of nursery stock, in conjunction with watering or raining, urea or ditch spread potassium sulfate type high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 2-3 time is spread fertilizer over the fields on ground, each every strain fertilizing amount is 0.05-0.1 kilogram, September 20 is to basal dressing on October 20, described base manure is the mixed fertilizer mixed by the weight ratio of 3:1 with biological organic fertilizer and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, adopts radiation ditch spread or the 0.5-1 kilogram/strain of hole application of mixed fertilizers material;
2, the management of Second Year:
(1) pruning before, germinateing spring: the treelet that a length is greater than 1 meter is done at the center of selecting and remain for First Year, the ground floor major branch selected and remain by First Year retains 3-5, and continue its spreading angle of adjustment and direction, control spreading angle at 50-60 degree, during pruning, branch is done at cutting back center, and on surely dry clip, 1-1.3 rice is selected to cut on full bud top to cut, ground floor major branch not cutting backs; Plant less than 3 major branches is retained to ground floor, more than surely dry clip or below center in 20 centimetres do on branch, select full bud, with scissors cross cut two cutter above full bud, the degree of depth will reach xylem, and the bark between two cuttves is removed, and making it form centre wide is 0.3 centimetre, biapiculate peeling incised wound, the half cycle of branch is done at the center that skinner length is cut position, or deeply reaches xylem and the saw wound doing a half cycle around center with cutting direct the saw above the full bud of selection of branch saw; The treelet that a length is less than 1 meter is done at the center of selecting and remain for First Year, branch is done at the center that First Year retains and ground floor major branch all carries out weight cutting back: center is done branch and retained 15-25 centimetre of cutting back, ground floor major branch reservation 5-10 centimetre of cutting back;
(2), summer management: good to growing way in spring, the treelet of the non-cutting back of ground floor major branch, the branch that branch newly sends out afterwards is done to cutting back in spring center, the branch that top one growing way that continues June to select and remain is strong does branch as center, and being strapped on bamboo bar, all the other branch quantity newly sent out are more than 3, and the branch of 3 growing way golden means of the Confucian school of selecting and remain makes second layer major branch, remove the competitive branch that unnecessary growing way is strong, and the spreading angle adjusting 3 second layer major branches selected and remain is 50-60 degree; To the shoot of the ground floor major branch top chief selected and remain spring, each ground floor major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as ground floor major branch elongated shoot, other prosperous stool is all removed from base portion, only retain the extremely weak branch that position, 1-2 direction is applicable to, to keep the growing way of ground floor major branch elongated shoot; To spring incised wound or saw wound after the shoot that sends out, adopt the method to branch of hanging oneself to strengthen growth potential, make it balance with other ground floor major branch growing way as early as possible, the rear timely spreading angle of balance is to 50-60 degree; To the treelet of heavy cutting back in spring, cultivate according to (2) in the management of First Year article " selection of branch and the cultivation of ground floor major branch are done in center ";
(3), rich water quality management: the individual plant more weak to growing way, before July, every strain imposes urea or potassium sulfate type high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 0.2-0.5 kilogram, and the individual plant strong to growing way does not impose fertilizer summer; Fertilizer In Autumn base manure: September 20 was to October 20, to the more weak individual plant slightly strong to the golden mean of the Confucian school of growing way, that uses that biological organic fertilizer mixes by the part by weight of 3:1 with potassium sulfate compound fertilizer mixes fertilizer, Mei Zhu application of mixed fertilizers material 1-2 kilogram, to the strong difficult individual plant becoming to spend of growing way, biological organic fertilizer 0-1 kilogram is executed in every strain;
3, the management of the 3rd year:
(1) before, germinateing spring, the ground floor major branch that the first two year has been selected and remain and second layer major branch, continuing adjustment spreading angle is 50-60 degree, the elongated shoot neither cutting back of all major branches, in ground floor major branch, Second Year the shoot that sends out, continue to retain thin and delicate branch, remove prosperous branch and competitive branch, branch is done to the center that Second Year is selected and remain, retain 0.8-1 rice and carry out cutting back on full bud top;
(2), June, the branch that branch newly sends out afterwards is done to cutting back in spring center, the branch that top growing way of selecting and remain is strong does branch as center, and be strapped on bamboo bar, all the other branch quantity newly sent out are more than 3, the branch of 3 growing way golden means of the Confucian school of selecting and remain makes third layer major branch, removes the competitive branch that unnecessary growing way is strong, and the spreading angle adjusting 3 the third layer major branches selected and remain is 50-60 degree; To the shoot of ground floor and the second layer major branch top chief, each major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as major branch elongated shoot, other prosperous stool is all removed from base portion, only retains the extremely weak branch that position, 1-2 direction is applicable to, to keep the growing way of each major branch elongated shoot;
(3) rich water quality management: same to Second Year;
4, the management of the 4th year:
(1) before, germinateing spring, adjustment spreading angle is continued at 50-60 degree to first, second and third layer of major branch selected and remain, balance growing way, its rugosity is less than, and branch is done at inserted part center 1/3, remove strong prosperous back branch, by force prosperous two side shoots and the overstocked branch on the competitive branch at each major branch elongated shoot rear portion and each major branch, the rugosity of each branch on each major branch is made all to be less than 1/3 of inserted part major branch rugosity, to each branch on each major branch, all retain one and take the lead branch, continue to get rid of and put and uniaxial extension, 80-100 centimetre is stayed to the dry secateurs in center;
(2), after June, large cherry gathered, the dry secateurs in center in spring is stayed to the shoot of the rear chief, a strong prosperous branch in top of selecting and remain does branch as center, retains 3 golden mean of the Confucian school branches as the 4th layer of major branch and to adjust spreading angle be 50-60 degree, removes competitive branch; To the shoot of ground floor, the second layer and the third layer major branch top chief, each major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as major branch elongated shoot, remove all branches beyond the weak branch of depolarization, the branch at each major branch rear portion is continued to remove strong prosperous back branch, by force prosperous two side shoots, interior thorax is in the light branch and unnecessary skirt branch;
(3), rich water quality management: the kind that growing way is more weak, Yi Chenghua, fruit-setting rate are high forms output, combine at fruit development period strain of watering and execute high potassium type quick-acting fertilizer 0.5-1 kilogram, the kind stronger to growing way is not applied fertilizer, during autumn basal dressing, growing way is relaxed, becomes flower, kind that fruit-setting rate is high in a large number, use mixed fertilizer, described mixed fertilizer is fertilizer, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, strain application of mixed fertilizers material 2-3 kilogram, executes 0-1 kilogram to the strong difficult individual plant becoming to spend of growing way;
5, the 5th year and later management in 5 years:
(1), growing way is more weak, the kind of Yi Chenghua starts to enter the just full bearing period on the 5th year, except continuing (1) in the employing management of the 4th year, article (2) two, outside the trimming and finishing method recorded in, growing way is relaxed, a large amount of one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is high, when each major branch elongated shoot year increment is delayed to 55-65 centimetre, spring starts to carry out weight cutting back to each major branch elongated shoot of every one deck before germinateing, and branch is done to center fall head happily on supreme three major branches stayed for a year, annual maintenance major branch elongated shoot all reaches more than 55-65 centimetre later, taking the timely end of the branch retraction that extended by major branch when not reaching cuts to Second Year or the 3rd year raw position, to keep new long elongated shoot year increment at 55-65 centimetre, and center is done branch and fall head to third layer on the 4th layer of major branch,
(2), strong to growing way, the difficult kind that one-tenth is spent, fruit-setting rate is low, continue the trim mode adopting each major branch uniaxial extension not cutting back, center is done branch and is cut every year and stay 60-70 centimetre, layer 6 major branch is left to until cut, when each major branch elongated shoot year increment is delayed to 30 centimetres, start before germinateing spring to adopt cutting back pruning to each major branch elongated shoot, and center is done branch and to fall the major branch top that head formed happily for supreme 1 year; Work as large result, when fruit starts to diminish, retraction is carried out to each major branch and cuts to Second Year or the 3rd year raw position, and center is done branch and fall head happily to the 4th layer of major branch top;
(3), rich water quality management: to the kind becoming to spend in a large number, fruit-setting rate is high, basal dressing during 20-October 20 September, radiation trench is adopted to apply mixed fertilizer, described mixed fertilizer is fertilizer, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, strain application of mixed fertilizers material 4-5 kilogram, before Second Year is bloomed spring, the radial Gao Jia of imposing type composite fertilizer or thank and spend rear combination to water to impose the quick-acting punching fertilising of high potassium type, every strain imposes Gao Jia type composite fertilizer or the quick-acting punching of high potassium type and to apply fertilizer 1-2 kilogram; The kind colored to difficulty one-tenth, fruit-setting rate is low, during 20-October 20 September, the mixed fertilizer that application of organic fertilizers, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, every strain 0-2 kilogram, when a large amount of Cheng Huahou set by large cherry, impose high potassium type quick-acting fertilizer 0-2 kilogram at Xie Huahou.
The spreading angle of described each layer major branch all refers to that the angle between branch is done at each layer major branch and center.
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention is:
In the management of Second Year, before germinateing the spring in (1) article, for ensureing that ground floor major branch quantity reaches 3-5, carry out at an upper portion thereof hurting or sawing wound at set direction two full buds of each scarce branch, if these two buds all send out branch, select a direction, position, the better branch of growing way to retain spring at Second Year, another branch removes, and maybe this branch is evened up and is got rid of and put as interim findings branch.
In the management of Second Year, in the summer management in (2) article, to 3 major branch bottoms the weak branch of the growing way sent out, under the condition not affecting major branch growth and interlayer ventilation and penetrating light, retaining and get rid of year after year and put, as interim findings branch, removing when affecting illumination.
In the management of the 3rd year, the management before germinateing spring in (1), it is 30-50 degree that the major branch weak to growing way first adjusts spreading angle, and after growing way balance, then spreading angle is to 50-60 degree.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, trunk is low, and wind resistance power is strong.
2, branch angle is light, the upward life of major branch, and overhead position is high in ground floor major branch periphery, and when large cherry tree reaches the full bearing period, people can walk upright in the ranks, and management, fruit picking conveniently, solve spindle level and draw branch, the shortcoming that management is inconvenient.
3, output is high: seldom have strong prosperous back branch, removes from base portion the strong prosperous branch of indivedual back, thus makes back, both sides, has fruit bearing shoot behind, and density is suitable, and the leaf curtain thickness of every layer is large, easily realizes high yield.
4, saving of labor, laborsaving, high efficiency: owing to not pinching head, not pinching without exception to the weak back branch of each major branch and both sides and back of the body undershoot, spring pruning broken head, not cutting back, all get rid of year after year and put (can remove unnecessary branching), thus saving of labor, laborsaving.After large cherry tree large result, more how many according to tree vigo(u)r power, flower amount and result, fruit bearing shoot is bounced back and removes.
5, according to method of the present invention prune tree-like, because branch angle is light, interlamellar spacing large, overhead position is high for major branch, and leaf curtain thickness is large, each branch done major branch Shang He center gets rid of year after year to be put, and easily forms a large amount of bouquet shape fruit branch, and flower amount is large and bud fruit-setting rate is high, frost-resistant ability is strong, the continuous bearing capacity of fruit branch is strong, moves slow, not easily withered outside setting fruit position.And traditional spindle level draws branch based on back branch result, and based on armpit bud result after pinching, and each fruit branch density is large, concentrated, have that the bud quality is poor, not frost-resistant, fruit-setting rate is low, move outside setting fruit position and the easy shortcoming such as deadwood, and the liftoff position of major branch, horizontal branch bottom is low, is difficult to bear fruit.A major branch in same upright projection situation, output of the present invention can reach traditional spindle level and draw a 3-5 of pruning output doubly.
6, result early, high yield early: treelet Qi Chu does outside branch in center, the same not cutting back of all branches, farthest can relax tree vigo(u)r, form bud precocity fruiting in advance, as: prosperous to tree vigo(u)r, the difficult red light kind forming bud result, within 3rd year more than 50%, axillary bud result can be formed, 4th year 100% result, to U.S.'s early kind, 3rd annual bearing strain rate more than 80%, 4th year whole result, commute becomes the kind such as god of fortune, La Binsi, black pearl, crystal, sand honey beans of flower, after field planting the 3rd year can 100% result.And adopt traditional spindle level to draw a Training system, red light kind, within 3rd year more than 20%, axillary bud result can be formed, 4th year 50% result, to U.S.'s early kind, the 4th annual bearing strain rate the more than 50%, six year can whole results, commute becomes the kind such as god of fortune, La Binsi, black pearl, crystal, sand honey beans of flower, within after field planting the 4th year, can have the fruiting rate of 80%.
7, traditional spindle level is drawn a shaping generally to select dwarfing rootstock or is controlled tree vigo(u)r with the plant hormone such as paclobutrazol, PBO; The present invention relaxes the pruning administrative law of tree vigo(u)r to greatest extent owing to adopting, and fertilizing amount is determined according to tree vigo(u)r, in production: one without dwarfing rootstock, and enters the tree in the full bearing period, because there is powerful root system supply nutrient, fruit is large, output is high, tree vigo(u)r not easily weak, tree body life time is long; Two do not use the plant growth regulator such as paclobutrazol, PBO, are conducive to production high-quality green non-pollution fruit.
Embodiment
For describing the present invention in detail, below in conjunction with the concrete example implemented, further detailed description is done to the present invention, but described embodiment should not explained in a restricted way.
One, selection of seedling:
Large cherry seedling grafting mouth is selected to be highly 80-150 centimetre above, robust growth, grafting mouth above 20-50 centimeters eye is full, without wearing and tearing, do not fall (lacking) bud, root system is more complete, fresh summer grafting or spring grafting one year seedling, stock must be folium isatidis, preferably adopt Zhifu folium isatidis kind, selected nursery stock must be go out garden winter (mid or late November is to early December) store sth. in a cellar seedling (not revealing young sprout when storing sth. in a cellar) completely, whole seedling is completely through heat and moisture preserving process, the wound of such sapling its root system in the winter time can heal completely, whole seedling is not by freeze injury, germinate after field planting in spring fast, survival rate is high, growing way is prosperous.
Two, field planting:
1, (autumn, winter or early spring) before field planting, ground is spread fertilizer over the fields enough fertilizers of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed and high-quality potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (not biuret-containing), generally every mu of organic fertilizer 200-500 kilogram, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 50-100 kilogram, carry out deep ploughing dig in conjunction with whole, make active soil stratum reach more than 40 centimetres.
2, field planting: spacing in the rows is 2.5-3.5 rice, line-spacing is 3.5-4.5 rice (specifically can determine according to factors such as soil condition, soil fertility and kinds).Resident time is (Yantai, Shandong Province is that early March is to early April) before spring, soil set germination to large cherry after thawing.
3, during field planting, in planting pit, first apply left Tian Shi " treasured " or other high-quality microbial-bacterial fertilizer of 0.1-0.3 kilogram, after mixing thoroughly with cave soil, row is planted again, the depth of planting will reach grafting part and to flush with ground or in 10 centimetres above ground level, and also namely the depth of planting will reach grafting part 0-10 centimetre above ground level.
Three, tree-like cultivation and fertilising:
1, the management of First Year:
(1) fixed dry: heading height is 30 centimetres-50 centimetres: nursery stock comparatively weak person's heading height is 30-40 centimetres, the more healthy and stronger person's heading height of nursery stock is 40-50 centimetres, surely the dry time is 5-20 days before seedling bud is sprouted, under fixed dry clip and clip, the distance of the first bud is greater than 1 centimetre, is advisable with 1-2 centimetre.
(2) selection of branch and the cultivation of ground floor branch are done in center: when young sprout grows to 30 cm (25-35 centimetre), select topmost growth vigorous, upright young sprout does branch (leader's branch) as center, every strain is other inserts one thick 2-3 centimetres, the straight bamboo bar of high more than 3 meters, branch is done at the center of nursery stock and selection and is strapped in (elongated shoot that branch is done at annual Dou Yaoba center is later strapped on bamboo bar) on bamboo bar, make its upright robust growth.Strong to growing way, the second bud branch that angle is not opened a business, 3rd bud branch, timely spreading angle to 60 spends (Ya Zhiyu does at center the angle between branch), available toothpick angle of release or make " own " shape with No. 14 to No. 8 iron wires or " E " shape open-angle device carries out angle of release, and often carry out smoothing out with the fingers branch, by branch angle of release, weaken second, the growing way of three, weak to growing way, the bottom branch that spreading angle is large, available cloth one is tied up on weak branch, other end is tied up on the appropriate location of bamboo bar, by branch pull-up, make its spreading angle at 30-50 degree, that the growing way of each branch of balance is as ground floor major branch order, after the branch of pull-up balances with the branch growing way of carrying out angle of release, again the branch of pull-up is decontroled, its spreading angle is made to be 50-60 degree (50 degree, more weak branch, comparatively enriching shoot 60 degree), and remain that ground floor major branch spreading angle is 50-60 degree after result is shaped, ground floor major branch rugosity is less than its inserted part center and does 1/3 of branch.
(3) rich water quality management: want duty to water during weather arid in spring, ensure Survival rate of nursery stock and robust growth.After Survival rate of nursery stock (the 20-7 month in May 20) combine and water or rain, spread fertilizer over the fields urea or ditch spread potassium sulfate type high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 2-3 time on ground, often strain fertilizing amount is 0.05-0.1 kilogram at every turn.Control amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer after August, impel large cherry branch development to enrich, safe overwintering.20 to October 20 September carries out autumn basal dressing: employing biological organic fertilizer coordinates potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (biological organic fertilizer and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer are mixed into mixed fertilizer by the part by weight of 3:1) to carry out radiation ditch spread or hole is executed, general strain application of mixed fertilizers material 0.5-1 kilogram, to difficulty become the red light in bow structure fruit evening, beautiful early, the extremely prosperous individual plant of growing way (the elongated shoot amount of growth of center-pole branch reaches more than 1.5 meters) of Italy's early kind such as red can not apply fertilizer or only execute a small amount of biological organic fertilizer, not to fertilize.
2, the management of Second Year:
(1) before germinateing spring: treelet that growing way is good (center do branch length be greater than 1 meter), 3-5 is retained to the ground floor major branch that First Year is selected and remain, and continue adjustment spreading angle and direction, balance growing way, the branch large to the weak spreading angle of growing way continues to branch of hanging oneself, and enriching shoot spreading angle is to 60 degree.Pruning Shi Chu center does outside branch, other all ground floor major branches neither cutting back pruning, is relax tree vigo(u)r, precocity fruiting order.Plant less than 3 major branches is stayed to first time, can more than surely dry clip or below center in 20 centimetres do on branch, the full bud that choice direction, position are applicable to, deeply xylem is reached with scissors cross cut two cutter above full bud, skin is removed, make its formed middle wide be 0.3 centimetre, the peeling incised wound of dry branch half cycle centered by pointed at both ends, length, or above the full bud selected, directly saw with cutting branch saw the saw wound deeply reaching xylem, do a half cycle around center.For ensureing that ground floor major branch quantity reaches 3-5, can carry out at an upper portion thereof hurting or sawing wound at set direction two full buds of each scarce branch, if these two buds all send out branch, a direction, position, the better branch of growing way can be selected spring to retain at Second Year, another removes or evens up, gets rid of and put as interim findings branch (when not affecting major branch growth).The elongated shoot center of selecting and remain being done to branch will be selected to cut on full bud top and cuts in 1-1.3 rice on surely dry clip, and center is done the select and remain principle of length of branch and is: one deck major branch quantity is more, amount of growth is larger, center is dry cut stay highly larger; Otherwise then cut and stay shorter, be that maintenance center is done and coordinated with the growing way of major branch, and it is slightly upper strong to keep the treelet phase to set body order; The treelet (First Year stay the center of choosing do the curtailment 1 meter of branch) more weak to growing way, according to circumstances can combine and stop ground floor major branch (3-5) and carry out weight cutting back, center is done branch and is retained 15-25 centimetre of cutting back, ground floor major branch reservation 5-10 centimetre of cutting back; The plant (center dry elongated shoot curtailment 30 centimetre) extremely weak to growing way, can fall by whole strain plane, again plants healthy and strong nursery stock.
(2) summer management: good for growing way in spring, the treelet of the non-cutting back of ground floor major branch, do to cutting back in spring center the branch that branch newly sends out afterwards, the branch that the top growing way that continues June to have selected and remain is strong does branch as center, and is strapped on bamboo bar, all the other branches newly sent out, quantity is more than 3, and the branch of 3 growing way golden means of the Confucian school of can selecting and remain, as second layer major branch, removes the competitive branch that unnecessary growing way is strong, and the spreading angle adjusting three second layer major branches selected and remain is 50-60 degree, balance growing way.To 3 major branch bottoms the more weak branch of the growing way sent out, when not affecting major branch growth and interlayer ventilation and penetrating light, can retain and get rid of year after year and putting as interim findings branch, when affecting illumination or whole tree is measured, branch amount enough used times, then row removes.To the shoot of the ground floor major branch top chief selected and remain spring, each ground floor major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as ground floor major branch elongated shoot, other prosperous stool is all removed from base portion, only retain the extremely weak branch that position, 1-2 direction is applicable to, to keep the growing way of ground floor major branch elongated shoot; To spring incised wound or saw wound after the shoot that sends out, adopt the method to branch of hanging oneself to strengthen growth potential, make it balance with other ground floor major branch growing way as early as possible, after balance, employing is in time by method spreading angles such as branches to 50-60 degree, and prevents from base portion splitting; To the treelet of heavy cutting back in spring, cultivate according to (2) in the management of First Year article " selection of branch and the cultivation of ground floor branch are done in center ".
(3) rich water quality management: the individual plant more weak to growing way can water in conjunction with arid, before July, every strain imposes urea or potassium sulfate type high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 0.2-0.5 kilogram.The individual plant stronger to growing way, summer does not impose fertilizer.Autumn basal dressing: September 20, to October 20, continued to use that biological organic fertilizer mixes by the part by weight of 3:1 with potassium sulfate compound fertilizer mixes fertilizer to the more weak plant slightly strong to the golden mean of the Confucian school of growing way, adopt radiation trench to use, strain application of mixed fertilizers material 1-2 kilogram.Can not apply fertilizer to the strong difficult individual plant becoming to spend of growing way or only use a small amount of biological organic fertilizer (on the ground slow, underground control), generally executing biological organic fertilizer 0-1 kilogram according to individual plant growing way.
3, the management of the 3rd year:
(1) before germinateing spring, to the ground floor selected and remain and second layer major branch, continuing adjustment spreading angle according to growing way power is 50-60 degree, it is 30-50 degree that the major branch weak to growing way first can adjust angle, after growing way balance again spreading angle to 50-60 degree, the elongated shoot of all major branches not cutting back, broken head without exception, to Second Year on ground floor major branch the shoot that sends out, continue to retain thin and delicate branch, remove strong prosperous branch, competitive branch.Do branch to the center that Second Year is selected and remain, according to the growing way of ground floor major branch and second layer major branch, cut and stay 0.8-1 rice, carry out cutting back on full bud top, object is each major branch of the balance growing way dry with center, and keeps tree body slightly by force upper.
(2) June, the branch that branch newly sends out afterwards is done to cutting back in spring center, the branch that top growing way of selecting and remain is strong does branch as center, and be strapped on bamboo bar, all the other branch quantity newly sent out are more than 3, the branch of 3 growing way golden means of the Confucian school of selecting and remain makes third layer major branch, removes the competitive branch that unnecessary growing way is strong, and the spreading angle adjusting 3 the third layer major branches selected and remain is 50-60 degree; To 3 major branch bottoms the more weak branch of the growing way sent out, when not affecting major branch growth and interlayer ventilation and penetrating light, can retain and get rid of year after year and putting as interim findings branch, when affecting illumination or whole tree is measured, branch amount enough used times, then row removes.To the shoot of ground floor and the second layer major branch top chief, each major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as major branch elongated shoot, other prosperous stool is all removed from base portion, only retains the extremely weak branch that position, 1-2 direction is applicable to, to keep the growing way of each major branch elongated shoot; Elongated shoot and branch to the weak branch chief stayed spring: what growing way was more prosperous a select and remain direction and the branch continued growth that growing way is applicable to, all the other remove without exception, the next year the treated reprocessing in spring that growing way is weak.
(3) rich water quality management: same to Second Year.
4, the management of the 4th year:
(1) before germinateing spring, continuing adjustment spreading angle to first, second and third layer of major branch selected and remain is 50-60 degree, balance growing way, its rugosity is less than, and branch is done at inserted part center 1/3, remove prosperous by force two side shoots, strong prosperous back branch and the overstocked branch on the competitive branch at each major branch elongated shoot rear portion and each major branch, the rugosity of each branch on each major branch is made all to be less than 1/3 of its inserted part major branch rugosity, to each branch on each major branch, all retain one and take the lead branch adjust direction, continue to get rid of and put and uniaxial extension, remove unnecessary branching.Do branch to center strong and weak and upper and lower strong and weak ratio to keep basis strong in summary is cut staying 80-100 centimetre according to tree vigo(u)r.
(2), after June, large cherry gathered, the dry secateurs in center in spring is stayed to the shoot of the rear chief, a strong prosperous branch in top of selecting and remain does branch as center, retains 3 golden mean of the Confucian school branches as the 4th layer of major branch and to adjust spreading angle be 50-60 degree, removes competitive branch; To the shoot of ground floor, the second layer and the third layer major branch top chief, each major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as major branch elongated shoot, remove all branches beyond the weak branch of depolarization, the branch at each major branch rear portion is continued to remove strong prosperous back branch, by force prosperous two side shoots, interior thorax is in the light branch and unnecessary skirt branch etc.
(3), rich water quality management: growing way is more weak, Yi Chenghua, the kind that fruit-setting rate is high forms output, combine at fruit development period strain of watering and execute high potassium type quick-acting fertilizer 0.5-1 kilogram, the kind stronger to growing way is not applied fertilizer, during autumn basal dressing, growing way is relaxed, a large amount of one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is high, the amount of application of suitable increasing fertilizer and composite fertilizer, and enrich medium trace element fertilizer, that is: mixed fertilizer is used, described mixed fertilizer is fertilizer, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, radiation trench is adopted to apply mixed fertilizer, strain application of mixed fertilizers material 2-3 kilogram, to growing way strong difficult become the individual plant of flower execute can Shaoshi or do not apply fertilizer, be generally 0-1 kilogram,
5, the 5th year and later management in 5 years:
(1) growing way is more weak, the kind of Yi Chenghua starts to enter the just full bearing period on the 5th year, except continuing (1) in the employing management of the 4th year, article (2) two, outside the trimming and finishing method recorded in, growing way is relaxed, a large amount of one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is high, when the year increment of the elongated shoot of each major branch is delayed to 55-65 centimetre, spring starts to carry out weight cutting back to each major branch elongated shoot of every one deck before germinateing, and branch is done to center fall head happily on supreme three major branches stayed for a year, annual maintenance major branch elongated shoot all reaches more than 55-65 centimetre later, taking the timely end of the branch retraction that extended by major branch when not reaching cuts to Second Year or the 3rd year raw position, to keep new long elongated shoot year increment at 55-65 centimetre, and center is done branch and fall head to third layer on the 4th layer of major branch, to on each major branch raw fruit branch, put because single shaft for many years gets rid of, form a large amount of bouquet shape fruit branches, extremely weak branch and heavy long shoot are bounced back in time, Quan Shuhua is measured suitable, tree vigo(u)r stalwartness is slightly strong, reach fruit individual large, the object that output is high.
(2) strong to growing way, difficult one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is low, continue to adopt and relax tree vigo(u)r, each major branch uniaxial extension not cutting back, the trim mode of not broken head, center is done branch and is stayed 60-70 centimetre every year, continue upwards to stay one deck branch every year, layer 6 major branch is left to until cut, the lower amount of application controlling nitrogenous fertilizer in combination, when the elongated shoot year increment of each major branch is delayed to 30 cm, full tree forms all kinds of bud in a large number, tree vigo(u)r obviously relaxes on the weak side, start before germinateing spring to adopt cutting back pruning to each major branch elongated shoot, and center is done branch fall head happily supreme 1 year formed major branch top.Work as large result, fruit starts to diminish, when tree vigo(u)r is more weak, want timely cutting back, carry out retraction to each major branch to cut to Second Year, the 3rd year raw position, and center is done branch and fall head happily to the 4th layer of major branch top, and remain that the tree vigo(u)r golden mean of the Confucian school, fruit are large, high yield.
(3) rich water quality management: growing way is relaxed, a large amount of one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is high, increase autumn basal dressing quantity, basal dressing during 20-October 20 September, radiation trench is adopted to apply mixed fertilizer, described mixed fertilizer is fertilizer, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, strain application of mixed fertilizers material 4-5 kilogram, Second Year is before blooming spring, the radial method that imposes is adopted to impose Gao Jia type composite fertilizer or thank and spend rear combination to water to impose the quick-acting punching fertilising of high potassium type, every strain imposes Gao Jia type composite fertilizer or high potassium type quick-acting punching fertilising 1-2 kilogram.More prosperous to tree vigo(u)r, difficult one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is low, only watering on a small quantity as last with fruit harvesting before and after the florescence, not topdressing, when entering the full bearing period, can thank spend after according to how many, tree vigo(u)r situation of bearing fruit, determine to impose quick-acting fertilizer number (combination is watered).Generally, during 20-October 20 September, the mixed fertilizer that application of organic fertilizers, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, every strain is executed 0-2 kilogram (to more prosperous not the applying fertilizer of tree vigo(u)r), when a large amount of Cheng Huahou set by large cherry, impose high 0-2 kilogram, potassium type quick-acting fertilizer (few tree is not applied fertilizer to bearing fruit) at Xie Huahou.First trees in richful production period, tree vigo(u)r is more healthy and stronger, can not apply fertilizer after fruit picking.
Described fertilizer, composite fertilizer and trace element fertilizer (or medium trace element the is fertile) solid fertilizer for market is directly buied.
Claims (1)
1. a pruning management method for large cherry tree, is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
(1), selection of seedling: select large cherry seedling grafting mouth above highly for 80-150 centimetre, robust growth, grafting mouth above 20-50 centimeters eye be full, without wearing and tearing, not falling or the one year seedling of summer that scarce bud, root system are complete or spring grafting, stock is folium isatidis kind, nursery stock be go out garden mid or late November to early December store sth. in a cellar seedling completely through heat and moisture preserving process;
(2), field planting:
(1), before field planting, spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer on ground, every mu organic fertilizer 200-500 kilogram, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 50-100 kilogram, deep ploughing is digged, and makes active soil stratum reach more than 40 centimetres;
(2), field planting: spacing in the rows is 2.5-3.5 rice, and line-spacing is 3.5-4.5 rice, and resident time is before spring, soil set germination to large cherry after thawing;
(3), field planting time, first in planting pit, apply 0.1-0.3 kilogram of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, in microbial-bacterial fertilizer and cave, soil is planted after mixing thoroughly again, and the depth of planting will reach grafting part 0-10 centimetre above ground level;
(3), tree-like cultivation and fertilising:
(1), the management of First Year:
1.. fixed dry: heading height is 30-50 centimetre, the surely dry time is 5-20 days before seedling bud is sprouted, and under fixed dry clip and clip, the distance of the first bud is greater than 1 centimetre;
2.. the selection of branch and the cultivation of ground floor major branch are done in center: when young sprout grows to 25-35 centimetre, vigorous, the upright young sprout of topmost growth is selected to do branch as center, every strain is other inserts a thick 2-3 centimetre, is highly greater than the bamboo bar of 3 meters, branch is done at the center of nursery stock and selection and is strapped on bamboo bar; Regulating the second bud branch, the 3rd Ya Zhiyu center angle done between branch is 60 degree, is 50-60 degree by the adjustment of bottom branch and the center angle done between branch, as ground floor major branch, its rugosity be less than inserted part center dry 1/3;
3.. rich water quality management: the 20-7 month in May 20 after Survival rate of nursery stock, in conjunction with watering or raining, urea or ditch spread potassium sulfate type high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 2-3 time is spread fertilizer over the fields on ground, each every strain fertilizing amount is 0.05-0.1 kilogram, September 20 is to basal dressing on October 20, described base manure is the mixed fertilizer mixed by the weight ratio of 3:1 with biological organic fertilizer and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, adopts radiation ditch spread or the 0.5-1 kilogram/strain of hole application of mixed fertilizers material;
(2), the management of Second Year:
1.. the pruning before germinateing spring: the treelet that a length is greater than 1 meter is done at the center of selecting and remain for First Year, the ground floor major branch selected and remain by First Year retains 3-5, and continue its spreading angle of adjustment and direction, control spreading angle at 50-60 degree, during pruning, branch is done at cutting back center, and on surely dry clip, 1-1.3 rice is selected to cut on full bud top to cut, ground floor major branch not cutting backs; Plant less than 3 major branches is retained to ground floor, more than surely dry clip or below center in 20 centimetres do on branch, select full bud, with scissors cross cut two cutter above full bud, the degree of depth will reach xylem, and the bark between two cuttves is removed, and making it form centre wide is 0.3 centimetre, biapiculate peeling incised wound, the half cycle of branch is done at the center that skinner length is cut position, or deeply reaches xylem and the saw wound doing a half cycle around center with cutting direct the saw above the full bud of selection of branch saw; The treelet that a length is less than 1 meter is done at the center of selecting and remain for First Year, branch is done at the center that First Year retains and ground floor major branch all carries out weight cutting back: center is done branch and retained 15-25 centimetre of cutting back, ground floor major branch reservation 5-10 centimetre of cutting back;
2.. summer management: good to growing way in spring, the treelet of the non-cutting back of ground floor major branch, the branch that branch newly sends out afterwards is done to cutting back in spring center, the branch that top one growing way that continues June to select and remain is strong does branch as center, and being strapped on bamboo bar, all the other branch quantity newly sent out are more than 3, and the branch of 3 growing way golden means of the Confucian school of selecting and remain makes second layer major branch, remove the competitive branch that unnecessary growing way is strong, and the spreading angle adjusting 3 second layer major branches selected and remain is 50-60 degree; To the shoot of the ground floor major branch top chief selected and remain spring, each ground floor major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as ground floor major branch elongated shoot, other prosperous stool is all removed from base portion, only retains 1-2 extremely weak branch, to keep the growing way of ground floor major branch elongated shoot; To spring incised wound or saw wound after the shoot that sends out, adopt the method to branch of hanging oneself to strengthen growth potential, make it balance with other ground floor major branch growing way as early as possible, the rear timely spreading angle of balance is to 50-60 degree; To the treelet of heavy cutting back in spring, according to the in the management of First Year 2. article " selection of branch and the cultivation of ground floor major branch are done in center " cultivate;
3.. rich water quality management: the individual plant more weak to growing way, before July, every strain imposes urea or potassium sulfate type high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 0.2-0.5 kilogram, and the individual plant strong to growing way does not impose fertilizer summer; Fertilizer In Autumn base manure: September 20 was to October 20, to the more weak individual plant slightly strong to the golden mean of the Confucian school of growing way, that uses that biological organic fertilizer mixes by the part by weight of 3:1 with potassium sulfate compound fertilizer mixes fertilizer, Mei Zhu application of mixed fertilizers material 1-2 kilogram, to the strong difficult individual plant becoming to spend of growing way, biological organic fertilizer 0-1 kilogram is executed in every strain;
(3), the management of the 3rd year:
1.. before germinateing spring, the ground floor major branch that the first two year has been selected and remain and second layer major branch, continuing adjustment spreading angle is 50-60 degree, the elongated shoot neither cutting back of all major branches, in ground floor major branch, Second Year the shoot that sends out, continue to retain thin and delicate branch, remove prosperous branch and competitive branch, branch is done to the center that Second Year is selected and remain, retain 0.8-1 rice and carry out cutting back on full bud top;
2. .6 month, the branch that branch newly sends out afterwards is done to cutting back in spring center, the branch that top growing way of selecting and remain is strong does branch as center, and be strapped on bamboo bar, all the other branch quantity newly sent out are more than 3, the branch of 3 growing way golden means of the Confucian school of selecting and remain makes third layer major branch, removes the competitive branch that unnecessary growing way is strong, and the spreading angle adjusting 3 the third layer major branches selected and remain is 50-60 degree; To the shoot of ground floor and the second layer major branch top chief, each major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as major branch elongated shoot, other prosperous stool is all removed from base portion, only retains the extremely weak branch that position, 1-2 direction is applicable to, to keep the growing way of each major branch elongated shoot;
3.. rich water quality management: same to Second Year;
(4), the management of the 4th year:
1.. before germinateing spring, adjustment spreading angle is continued at 50-60 degree to first, second and third layer of major branch selected and remain, balance growing way, its rugosity is less than, and branch is done at inserted part center 1/3, remove strong prosperous back branch, by force prosperous two side shoots and the overstocked branch on the competitive branch at each major branch elongated shoot rear portion and each major branch, the rugosity of each branch on each major branch is made all to be less than 1/3 of inserted part major branch rugosity, to each branch on each major branch, all retain one and take the lead branch, continue to get rid of and put and uniaxial extension, 80-100 centimetre is stayed to the dry secateurs in center;
2. after .6 month large cherry is gathered, the dry secateurs in center in spring is stayed to the shoot of the rear chief, a strong prosperous branch in top of selecting and remain does branch as center, retains 3 golden mean of the Confucian school branches as the 4th layer of major branch and to adjust spreading angle be 50-60 degree, removes competitive branch; To the shoot of ground floor, the second layer and the third layer major branch top chief, each major branch all selects and remain the straight branch in direction as major branch elongated shoot, remove all branches beyond the weak branch of depolarization, the branch at each major branch rear portion is continued to remove strong prosperous back branch, by force prosperous two side shoots, interior thorax is in the light branch and unnecessary skirt branch;
3.. rich water quality management: the kind that growing way is more weak, Yi Chenghua, fruit-setting rate are high forms output, combine at fruit development period strain of watering and execute high potassium type quick-acting fertilizer 0.5-1 kilogram, the kind stronger to growing way is not applied fertilizer, during autumn basal dressing, growing way is relaxed, becomes flower, kind that fruit-setting rate is high in a large number, use mixed fertilizer, described mixed fertilizer is fertilizer, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, strain application of mixed fertilizers material 2-3 kilogram, executes 0-1 kilogram to the strong difficult individual plant becoming to spend of growing way;
(5), the 5th year and later management in 5 years:
1.. growing way is more weak, the kind of Yi Chenghua starts to enter the just full bearing period on the 5th year, except continuing the in the employing management of the 4th year 1., 2. outside the trimming and finishing method recorded in two, growing way is relaxed, a large amount of one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is high, when each major branch elongated shoot year increment is delayed to 55-65 centimetre, spring starts to carry out weight cutting back to each major branch elongated shoot of every one deck before germinateing, and branch is done to center fall head happily on supreme three major branches stayed for a year, annual maintenance major branch elongated shoot all reaches more than 55-65 centimetre later, taking the timely end of the branch retraction that extended by major branch when not reaching cuts to Second Year or the 3rd year raw position, to keep new long elongated shoot year increment at 55-65 centimetre, and center is done branch and fall head to third layer on the 4th layer of major branch,
2.. strong to growing way, difficult one-tenth flower, the kind that fruit-setting rate is low, continue the trim mode adopting each major branch uniaxial extension not cutting back, center is done branch and is cut every year and stay 60-70 centimetre, layer 6 major branch is left to until cut, when each major branch elongated shoot year increment is delayed to 30 centimetres, start before germinateing spring to adopt cutting back pruning to each major branch elongated shoot, and center is done branch and to fall the major branch top that head formed happily for supreme 1 year; Work as large result, when fruit starts to diminish, retraction is carried out to each major branch and cuts to Second Year or the 3rd year raw position, and center is done branch and fall head happily to the 4th layer of major branch top;
3.. rich water quality management: to the kind becoming to spend in a large number, fruit-setting rate is high, basal dressing during 20-October 20 September, radiation trench is adopted to apply mixed fertilizer, described mixed fertilizer is fertilizer, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, strain application of mixed fertilizers material 4-5 kilogram, Second Year to be bloomed the front radial Gao Jia of imposing type composite fertilizer or thank and spend rear combination to water to impose the quick-acting punching fertilising of high potassium type spring, and every strain imposes Gao Jia type composite fertilizer or the quick-acting punching of high potassium type and to apply fertilizer 1-2 kilogram; The kind colored to difficulty one-tenth, fruit-setting rate is low, during 20-October 20 September, the mixed fertilizer that application of organic fertilizers, composite fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer mix by the part by weight of 4:1:0.5, every strain 0-2 kilogram, when a large amount of Cheng Huahou set by large cherry, impose high potassium type quick-acting fertilizer 0-2 kilogram at Xie Huahou.
2, according to the pruning management method that large cherry according to claim 1 is set, it is characterized in that in the management of Second Year, the 1. article in spring germinate before, for ensureing that ground floor major branch quantity reaches 3-5, carry out at an upper portion thereof hurting or sawing wound at set direction two full buds of each scarce branch, if these two buds all send out branch, select a direction, position, the better branch of growing way to retain spring at Second Year, another branch removes, maybe this branch evened up and got rid of and put as interim findings branch.
3, according to the pruning management method that large cherry according to claim 1 is set, it is characterized in that in the management of Second Year, 2. article in summer management in, to 3 major branch bottoms the weak branch of the growing way sent out, under the condition not affecting major branch growth and interlayer ventilation and penetrating light, retaining and get rid of year after year and put, as interim findings branch, removing when affecting illumination.
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