CN102523906A - Rapid seedling culture method of ranunculus asiaticus seeds - Google Patents
Rapid seedling culture method of ranunculus asiaticus seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN102523906A CN102523906A CN2012100831468A CN201210083146A CN102523906A CN 102523906 A CN102523906 A CN 102523906A CN 2012100831468 A CN2012100831468 A CN 2012100831468A CN 201210083146 A CN201210083146 A CN 201210083146A CN 102523906 A CN102523906 A CN 102523906A
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid seedling culture method of ranunculus asiaticus seeds, which comprises obtaining transplanted ranunculus asiaticus seedlings after seed harvest, seed storage, low-temperature pretreatment of the seeds, sowing, germination acceleration in a darkroom, greenhouse culture, seedling transplant and management. By adopting the method to culture the seedlings of the ranunculus asiaticus seeds, the emergence rate of full seeds can be over 95%, the seedlings can be tidy in 8-10 days after emergence of the seedlings, and the seedling culture cycle from seeding to field planting is 45-50 days. During the seedling culture process, the emergence rate is high, the seedlings are tidy, operation is easy in the aspects of germination acceleration, greenhouse culture, water and fertilizer management and the like, and large-scale efficient production of the ranunculus asiaticus seedlings can be carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seed seedling-raising method, especially a kind of fast seedling-cultivating method of Ranunculus asiaticus seed belongs to the breeding plant technical field.
Background technology
Ranunculus asiaticus (
Ranunculus asisticus) have another name called Persian buttercup, celery flower, be that the Ranunculaceae Ranunculus asiaticus belongs to perennial perennial root herbage flower, it is numerous in variety, and pattern enriches bright-coloured, flower likeness in form tree peony, the area, Kunming is commonly called as " foreign tree peony ".Ranunculus asiaticus originates in the Mediterranean bank, extensively plants in European countries such as France, Israel, and all there is cultivation countries in the world at present.China began Ranunculus asiaticus cutting flower variety introducing and planting from late 1990s, and its pattern is bright-coloured abundant, and output is high, liked by the consumer.Present China carries out the provenance of Ranunculus asiaticus cut-flower, potted flower production all from abroad, and this has strengthened grower's cost undoubtedly.The Ranunculus asiaticus tissue culture propagation is succeedd, but since cost than higher, refining seedling cultivation period is long, emerging on a large scale exists certain degree of difficulty.Adopt the conventional seed seedling-raising technology can the large-scale breeding provenance, but the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling-raising, also exist following point: seed sprouting be irregular, and growing-seedling period is long, and emergence rate is low, is difficult to carry out large-scale production, satisfied not market to the demand of provenance etc.
Summary of the invention
For solving problems such as the technological growing-seedling period that exists of existing Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling-raising is long, emergence rate is low, can't accomplish scale production; The present invention provides a kind of fast seedling-cultivating method of Ranunculus asiaticus seed; To cultivate Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling quickly and efficiently; Realize the large-scale production of Ranunculus asiaticus piece root, provide cut-flower, potted flower to produce and use provenance.
The present invention realizes through following technical proposal: a kind of fast seedling-cultivating method of Ranunculus asiaticus seed is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (1) gathering maturation and coming off from fruit surface;
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (2) step (1) being gathered is put into the gauze bag, and after treating the Ranunculus asiaticus seed drying and coming off naturally, it is that 10～15 ℃, humidity are to preserve in 35～45% the environment that seed is placed on temperature;
(3) seed of step (2) storage is used plastic bag sealing, and place under-0.5～0.5 ℃, carried out the low temperature preliminary treatment 25～30 days;
(4) when sowing, peat growing medium to be converted water mix thoroughly after moistening, it is 8～12 centimetres stromal surface that step (3) gained Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sowed at thickness equably; Keep the seed spacing more than 0.8 centimetre, cover on the seed with the peat of granularity less than 0.1 centimetre afterwards, cladding thickness is 0.2～0.3 centimetre; Spray water to matrix moistening after, place the dark situation of unglazed photograph, be 16～20 ℃ in temperature; Humidity is vernalization under 75～90% conditions, until emerging;
(5) between the seeding stage, the seed seedling of step (4) is carried out 3～4 prevention of damage by diseases handle, and per 2～3 days handle once;
(6) the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling of step (5) being placed temperature is 12～25 ℃; Shading rate is 70～80%; Humidity is when growing to the seed seedling in 60～70% the environment and growing a slice true leaf; Begin fertilising, whenever the seed seedling is carried out a prevention of damage by disease simultaneously and handle, grow 2～3 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling at a distance from 3 days;
(7) in seed transplantation of seedlings to the mixed-matrix of following mass ratio with step (6): rotten Ye Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ laterite=5 ︰, 2 ︰ 1; And to adopt shading rate be that 50～60% sunshade net shades; Water primary water during the transplanting in per 1～2 day, the seed seedling carried out prevention of damage by disease one time in per 5～7 days, executed one time liquid fertilizer in per 5～8 days; Grow 5～7 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling, obtain the Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of transplanting.
Said Ranunculus asiaticus seed was gathered in the 3～May in every year.
The preliminary treatment of said Ranunculus asiaticus seed is in the 6～July in every year.
The sowing of said Ranunculus asiaticus seed is in the 7～August in every year.
When the Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sprinkling upon stromal surface equably in the said step (4), if the situation of seed stack occurs, adopt fine sand to scatter naturally, naturally separately with the seed that superposes from the top.
The prevention of damage by disease each time of said step (5), (6), (7) is handled: adopting mass content is that 1500～2000 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray.
The fertilising of said step (6) is a conventional fertilizer application, or: adopted 3000～4000 times aqueous solution of urea that the seed seedling is sprayed once, and carry out between the lights in per 2 days.
The liquid fertilizer of said step (7) is to convert each 100 gram of fertilizer potassium nitrate and urea in per 100 kg of water, to be diluted to 500 times of liquid.
The Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of said step (7) does not hurt the root hair position of seed seedling when transplanting, take out together with matrix; Suitably shear if root system is long, keep the root system of 3～5 centimeter length.
The Ranunculus asiaticus that the present invention relates to is external flowers resource; Have characteristics such as dormancy in summer, short-day, low-temperature sensitive, because the dormancy in summer is short breeding time, accurately grasp each sport technique segment of piece root propagation in China; Especially the disposable split of cultivating into, seed seedling-raising is particularly important.Reach scale, intensification, rapid seed seedling and breed through the Ranunculus asiaticus seed being carried out measures such as low temperature cold shock, darkroom vernalization, hot-house culture; For the production of Ranunculus asiaticus piece root is laid a good foundation; Further provide cut-flower, potted flower to produce and use provenance, produce significant the Ranunculus asiaticus industrialization.
The present invention possesses following advantage and effect: adopt the present invention to carry out the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling-raising; The full seed emergence rate can reach more than 95%, can emerge at 8～10 days neatly from seed sprouting, and the growing-seedling period of sowing the field planting to the land for growing field crops certainly is 45～50 days; In the seedling raising process because emergence rate is high, the neat and consistent of emerging; Aspect easy operatings such as vernalization, greenhouse cultivation, water and fertilizer management, convenient management, but scale High-efficient Production Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling.
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is done further elaboration below.
Embodiment 1
(1) in the March in every year, the Ranunculus asiaticus seed ripe and that soon come off of gathering from fruit surface;
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (2) step (1) being gathered is put into the gauze bag, and after treating the Ranunculus asiaticus seed drying and all coming off naturally, it is that 10 ℃, humidity are to preserve in 45% the environment that seed is placed on temperature;
(3) in the July in every year, the seed of step (2) storage is used plastic bag sealing, and place under 0 ℃, carried out the low temperature preliminary treatment 30 days;
(4) when sowing the August in every year; Peat growing medium is converted water to be mixed thoroughly after moistening; Be layered on the seedling-cultivating tray to thickness be 10 centimetres, step (3) gained Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sowed in stromal surface equably, keeping the seed spacing is 1 centimetre; Adopt fine sand above seedling-cultivating tray, to scatter naturally, naturally separately with the seed that superposes; Using granularity afterwards is that 0.08 centimetre peat covers on the seed, and cladding thickness is 0.3 centimetre, spray water to matrix moistening after, place the darkroom environment of unglazed photograph, be 18 ℃ in temperature, humidity is vernalization under 80% condition, until emerging fully;
(5) between the seeding stage, the seed seedling of step (4) is carried out 4 prevention of damage by diseases handle, and per 2 days handle once; Prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 1500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(6) the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling of step (5) being placed temperature is 12 ℃; Shading rate is 80%; Humidity is when growing to the seed seedling in 60% the greenhouse and growing a slice true leaf; The beginning conventional fertilizer application whenever carried out a prevention of damage by disease at a distance from 3 days to the seed seedling simultaneously and handles, and grew 3 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling; Wherein prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 1800 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(7) in seed transplantation of seedlings to the mixed-matrix of following mass ratio with step (6): rotten Ye Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ laterite=5 ︰, 2 ︰ 1; When transplanting, do not hurt the root hair position of seed seedling; Take out together with matrix, longer because of root system, be trimmed to the root system of 5 centimeter length; And to adopt shading rate be that 50% sunshade net shades; Watered primary water during the transplanting in per 1 day, the seed seedling carried out prevention of damage by disease one time in per 7 days, to handle be that to adopt mass content be that 2000 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray to prevention of damage by disease each time; Executed one time liquid fertilizer in per 6 days, wherein liquid fertilizer is to convert each 100 gram of fertilizer potassium nitrate and urea in per 100 kg of water, to be diluted to 500 times of liquid; Grow 7 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling, obtain the Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of transplanting.
Embodiment 2
(1) in the April in every year, the Ranunculus asiaticus seed ripe and that soon come off of gathering from fruit surface;
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (2) step (1) being gathered is put into the gauze bag, and after treating the Ranunculus asiaticus seed drying and all coming off naturally, it is that 12 ℃, humidity are to preserve in 35% the environment that seed is placed on temperature;
(3) in the June in every year, the seed of step (2) storage is used plastic bag sealing, and place under-0.5 ℃, carried out the low temperature preliminary treatment 28 days;
(4) when sowing the July in every year, peat growing medium is converted water mixes thoroughly after moistening, be layered on the seedling-cultivating tray to thickness be 8 centimetres; Step (3) gained Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sowed in stromal surface equably, kept 0.8 centimetre of seed spacing, using granularity afterwards is that 0.09 centimetre peat covers on the seed; Cladding thickness is 0.2 centimetre, spray water to matrix moistening after, place the darkroom environment of unglazed photograph; In temperature is 16 ℃, and humidity is vernalization under 75% condition, until all emerging;
(5) between the seeding stage, the seed seedling of step (4) is carried out 3 prevention of damage by diseases handle, and per 3 days handle once; Prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 1800 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(6) the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling of step (5) being placed temperature is 25 ℃; Shading rate is 70%, and humidity is when growing to the seed seedling in 70% the greenhouse and growing a slice true leaf, begins fertilising; Fertilising is that the aqueous solution of urea of 3000 times of employings in per 2 days sprays once the seed seedling, and carries out between the lights; Whenever at a distance from 3 days the seed seedling is carried out a prevention of damage by disease simultaneously and handle, grow 2 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling; Wherein prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 1500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(7) with in the seed transplantation of seedlings of step (6) to the mixed-matrix of following mass ratio: rotten Ye Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ laterite=5 ︰, 2 ︰ 1, when transplanting, do not hurt the root hair position of seed seedling, take out together with matrix; And to adopt shading rate be that 55% sunshade net shades, and watered primary water during the transplanting in per 2 days, the seed seedling carried out prevention of damage by disease one time in per 5 days, and to handle be that to adopt mass content be that 1500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray to prevention of damage by disease each time; Executed one time liquid fertilizer in per 5 days, wherein liquid fertilizer is to convert each 100 gram of fertilizer potassium nitrate and urea in per 100 kg of water, to be diluted to 500 times of liquid; Grow 6 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling, obtain the Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of transplanting.
Embodiment 3
(1) in the May in every year, the maturation of gathering and the Ranunculus asiaticus seed that comes off from fruit surface;
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (2) step (1) being gathered is put into the gauze bag, and after treating the Ranunculus asiaticus seed drying and coming off naturally, it is that 15 ℃, humidity are to preserve in 40% the environment that seed is placed on temperature;
(3) in the June in every year, the seed of step (2) storage is used plastic bag sealing, and place under 0.5 ℃, carried out the low temperature preliminary treatment 25 days;
(4) when sowing the August in every year; Peat growing medium is converted water to be mixed thoroughly after moistening; Be layered on the seedling-cultivating tray to thickness be 12 centimetres, step (3) gained Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sowed in stromal surface equably, keep 1.5 centimetres of seed spacings; Adopt fine sand above seedling-cultivating tray, to scatter naturally, naturally separately with the seed that superposes; Using granularity afterwards is that 0.05 centimetre peat covers on the seed, and cladding thickness is 0.3 centimetre, spray water to matrix moistening after, place the darkroom environment of unglazed photograph, be 20 ℃ in temperature, humidity is vernalization under 90% condition, until emerging;
(5) between the seeding stage, the seed seedling of step (4) is carried out 3 prevention of damage by diseases handle, and per 3 days handle once; Prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 2000 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(6) the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling of step (5) being placed temperature is 15 ℃; Shading rate is 70%, and humidity is when growing to the seed seedling in 65% the greenhouse and growing a slice true leaf, begins fertilising; Fertilising is that the aqueous solution of urea of 4000 times of employings in per 2 days sprays once the seed seedling, and carries out between the lights; Whenever at a distance from 3 days the seed seedling is carried out a prevention of damage by disease simultaneously and handle, grow 2 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling; Wherein prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 2000 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(7) with in the seed transplantation of seedlings of step (6) to the mixed-matrix of following mass ratio: rotten Ye Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ laterite=5 ︰, 2 ︰ 1, when transplanting, do not hurt the root hair position of seed seedling, take out together with matrix; Shear than the progress row because of root system, keep the root system of 4 centimeter length; And to adopt shading rate be that 60% sunshade net shades, and watered primary water during the transplanting in per 2 days, the seed seedling carried out prevention of damage by disease one time in per 6 days, and to handle be that to adopt mass content be that 1800 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray to prevention of damage by disease each time; Executed one time liquid fertilizer in per 8 days, wherein liquid fertilizer is to convert each 100 gram of fertilizer potassium nitrate and urea in per 100 kg of water, to be diluted to 500 times of liquid; Grow 5 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling, obtain the Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of transplanting.
Embodiment 4
(1) in the March in every year, the maturation of gathering and the Ranunculus asiaticus seed that comes off from fruit surface;
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (2) step (1) being gathered is put into the gauze bag, and after treating the Ranunculus asiaticus seed drying and coming off naturally, it is that 10 ℃, humidity are to preserve in 35% the environment that seed is placed on temperature;
(3) in the July in every year, the seed of step (2) storage is used plastic bag sealing, and place under 0.5 ℃, carried out the low temperature preliminary treatment 30 days;
(4) when sowing the August in every year, peat growing medium is converted water mixes thoroughly after moistening, be layered on the seedling-cultivating tray to thickness be 12 centimetres; Step (3) gained Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sowed in stromal surface equably, kept 0.8 centimetre of seed spacing, using granularity afterwards is that 0.06 centimetre peat covers on the seed; Cladding thickness is 0.3 centimetre, spray water to matrix moistening after, place the darkroom environment of unglazed photograph; In temperature is 20 ℃, and humidity is vernalization under 75% condition, until emerging;
(5) between the seeding stage, the seed seedling of step (4) is carried out 4 prevention of damage by diseases handle, and per 3 days handle once; Prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 1500 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(6) the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling of step (5) being placed temperature is 22 ℃; Shading rate is 80%, and humidity is when growing to the seed seedling in 70% the greenhouse and growing a slice true leaf, begins fertilising; Fertilising is that the aqueous solution of urea of 3500 times of employings in per 2 days sprays once the seed seedling, and carries out between the lights; Whenever at a distance from 3 days the seed seedling is carried out a prevention of damage by disease simultaneously and handle, grow 3 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling; Wherein prevention of damage by disease is handled and to be each time: adopting mass content is that 2000 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray;
(7) in seed transplantation of seedlings to the mixed-matrix of following mass ratio with step (6): rotten Ye Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ laterite=5 ︰, 2 ︰ 1; And to adopt shading rate be that 60% sunshade net shades; Watered primary water during the transplanting in per 1 day; The seed seedling carried out prevention of damage by disease one time in per 7 days, to handle be that to adopt mass content be that 2000 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray to prevention of damage by disease each time; Executed one time liquid fertilizer in per 5 days, wherein liquid fertilizer is to convert each 100 gram of fertilizer potassium nitrate and urea in per 100 kg of water, to be diluted to 500 times of liquid; Grow 7 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling, obtain the Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of transplanting.
Claims (9)
1. the fast seedling-cultivating method of a Ranunculus asiaticus seed is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (1) gathering maturation and coming off from fruit surface;
The Ranunculus asiaticus seed of (2) step (1) being gathered is put into the gauze bag, and after treating the Ranunculus asiaticus seed drying and coming off naturally, it is that 10～15 ℃, humidity are to preserve in 35～45% the environment that seed is placed on temperature;
(3) seed of step (2) storage is used plastic bag sealing, and place under-0.5～0.5 ℃, carried out the low temperature preliminary treatment 25～30 days;
(4) when sowing, peat growing medium to be converted water mix thoroughly after moistening, it is 8～12 centimetres stromal surface that step (3) gained Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sowed at thickness equably; Keep the seed spacing more than 0.8 centimetre, cover on the seed with the peat of granularity less than 0.1 centimetre afterwards, cladding thickness is 0.2～0.3 centimetre; Spray water to matrix moistening after, place the dark situation of unglazed photograph, be 16～20 ℃ in temperature; Humidity is vernalization under 75～90% conditions, until emerging;
(5) between the seeding stage, the seed seedling of step (4) is carried out 3～4 prevention of damage by diseases handle, and per 2～3 days handle once;
(6) the Ranunculus asiaticus seed seedling of step (5) being placed temperature is 12～25 ℃; Shading rate is 70～80%; Humidity is when growing to the seed seedling in 60～70% the environment and growing a slice true leaf; Begin fertilising, whenever the seed seedling is carried out a prevention of damage by disease simultaneously and handle, grow 2～3 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling at a distance from 3 days;
(7) in seed transplantation of seedlings to the mixed-matrix of following mass ratio with step (6): rotten Ye Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ laterite=5 ︰, 2 ︰ 1; And to adopt shading rate be that 50～60% sunshade net shades; Water primary water during the transplanting in per 1～2 day, the seed seedling carried out prevention of damage by disease one time in per 5～7 days, executed one time liquid fertilizer in per 5～8 days; Grow 5～7 pairs of true leaves until the seed seedling, obtain the Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of transplanting.
2. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said Ranunculus asiaticus seed was gathered in the 3～May in every year.
3. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the preliminary treatment of said Ranunculus asiaticus seed is in the 6～July in every year.
4. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the sowing of said Ranunculus asiaticus seed is in the 7～August in every year.
5. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the Ranunculus asiaticus seed is sprinkling upon stromal surface equably in the said step (4), if the situation of seed stack occurs, adopt fine sand to scatter naturally from the top, with the seed that superposes naturally separately.
6. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the prevention of damage by disease each time of said step (5), (6), (7) is handled and is: adopting mass content is that 1500～2000 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of 70% spray.
7. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fertilising of said step (6) is a conventional fertilizer application, or: adopted 3000～4000 times aqueous solution of urea that the seed seedling is sprayed once, and carry out between the lights in per 2 days.
8. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the liquid fertilizer of said step (7) is to convert each 100 gram of fertilizer potassium nitrate and urea in per 100 kg of water, to be diluted to 500 times of liquid.
9. fast seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Ranunculus asiaticus seedling of said step (7) does not hurt the root hair position of seed seedling when transplanting, take out together with matrix; Suitably shear if root system is long, keep the root system of 3～5 centimeter length.
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| CN107624602A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-01-26 | 河南职业技术学院 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of Ranunculus asiaticus |
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| CN113142006A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-23 | 云南立达尔生物科技有限公司 | Production and planting method of adonis amurensis seeds |
| CN114467670A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-13 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Large-field standardized breeding method of buttercup in Huang-Huai-Hai watershed |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102523906B (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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