CN104221669B - A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method, belongs to Chinese yam Cultivating techniques field, comprises the following steps, (a) purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation; B () purple Chinese yam seedling prepares; The cuttage of (c) purple Chinese yam seedling; (d) purple Chinese yam growth of seedling; (e) purple Chinese yam harvesting.The present invention plants the employing of purple Chinese yam and cuts seedling cuttage, heat and moisture preserving and short seedling of spraying insecticide root, effectively ensure that the nursery output of purple Chinese yam and the quality of growing nursery and culture, screening is carried out to the purple Chinese yam seedling after cutting, ensure that purple Chinese yam late growing stage quality, by the temp. and humidity of soil in adjustment cuttage canopy, ensure that stem tuber germinates nursery as soon as possible, in the growth of seedling stage, reasonable fertile, effectively improve the reproduction coefficient of purple Chinese yam, in Chinese yam growth of seedling process, by repeatedly, appropriate fertilising, for growth of seedling provides continuous, the fertilizer support of suitable effect, ensure purple Chinese yam shoot survival percent and Survival Rate, conscientiously breeding and the popularization of purple Chinese yam is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method, belong to Chinese yam Cultivating techniques field.
Background technology
Purple Chinese yam also claims " purple ginseng ", with the block root of its hypertrophy or cylindric edible, purple Chinese yam is rich in anthocyan, of many uses, both can make the delicacies on dining table, health-care medicinal can be made again, often edible purple Chinese yam, can reduce blood pressure, blood sugar, anti-ageingly lengthens one's life, brain tonic mends intelligence, strengthens body immunity.The purple medicine of Xu Nong is as new varieties of purple Chinese yam, and its Propogation and culture mode cannot as common white Chinese yam, to purificate and rejuvenate its merit by self tying Chinese yam beans.Current purple yam planting is stem tuber rhizome cutting propagation, and its reproduction coefficient is only 10-15 doubly, significantly limit breeding and the popularization of purple Chinese yam, and purple Chinese yam shoot survival percent after cultivating and Survival Rate poor.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method, by Chinese yam stem tuber rhizome cutting propagation, reproduction coefficient is increased to 25-40 doubly, purple Chinese yam seedling percent after breeding and Survival Rate improve, and effectively facilitate breeding and the popularization of purple Chinese yam.
To achieve these goals, the purple Chinese yam nursery of the one that the present invention adopts and cultivation method, comprise the following steps,
(a) purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation: April No. 6-10, choose the purple medicine stem tuber of Xu Nong that weight is 60-70g/ block, 80-100s is soaked with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, stem tuber immerses below liquid face 3-5cm completely, dries surface after taking-up, by purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil overall humidity is suitable for, and the mode under tail on purple Chinese yam stem tuber head is planted, and every section of stem tuber plantation space is 20 × 20cm
2, the thick 3-5cm of earthing, even water-spraying amount 200-300ml during plantation after planting, by the end of April every 7 days to the even water-spraying amount 150-200ml in seedbed extremely later;
B () purple Chinese yam seedling prepares: May No. 10-25, paclobutrazol pulvis 6-7.5g/ mu is sprayed to the seedbed after plantation, sprayed 1 time every 5 days, continuous sprinkling 3 times, pastes ground and cuts, according to identical mode after purple Chinese yam seedling grows to 20-25cm, periodically sprinkle paclobutrazol pulvis, after seedling length is suitable, cut seedling, repeatedly carry out spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle;
The cuttage of (c) purple Chinese yam seedling: screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, have the purple Chinese yam seedling damaged by worms, by intact seedling, temperature is lower than planting after 28 DEG C in sprinkled with in the cuttage canopy of farmyard manure in the afternoon, and every root seedling cuttage plantation space is 25 × 25cm
2after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.5-3.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, interval is after 10 days, again spray root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 0.5-2kg/ mus, the mode of mist cooling is adopted to coordinate temperature control by adding a cover on cuttage canopy in film, hay and canopy, adjustment day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and night temperatures is 22-25 DEG C, and moisture constant controls at 85-90%;
(d) purple Chinese yam growth of seedling: June No. 10-15, paclobutrazol pulvis 24-40g/ mu is sprayed on the seedling blade face of plantation, again to seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 50-80g/ mu after interval 10-15 days, promote that purple Chinese yam root growth is grown, after June 20, after every morning 10, before at 3 in afternoon, open film, hay that cuttage canopy covers, guarantee that purple Chinese yam seedling can carry out sufficient photosynthesis, after September 20, remove the film on canopy, hay, make the free normal growth of seedling; Between the 10-9 month in June No. 20, by the mode that the film on cuttage canopy, hay and canopy internal spraying are lowered the temperature, coordinating to maintain temperature in canopy is 25-28 DEG C, humidity is 85-90%, promotes that Chinese yam cauline leaf grows, September No. 20-22, purple Chinese yam is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, after 5 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 2:1, promote Chinese yam growth;
E () purple Chinese yam harvesting: October No. 15-30, digs out purple Chinese yam potato after purple Chinese yam maturation, drying surface, to be placed on temperature be 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Further, intact in step (c) seedling is planted in sprinkled with in the cuttage canopy of farmyard manure when temperature is 25-28 DEG C in the afternoon.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) adopts purple Chinese yam seedling and cuts seedling cuttage, heat and moisture preserving and short seedling of spraying insecticide root, effectively ensure that the nursery output of purple Chinese yam and the quality of growing nursery and culture, do not need to use frame material, significantly reduce nursery site facility input cost; (2) the present invention carries out reasonable screening to the purple Chinese yam seedling after cutting, the inefficiency of cutting and causing strong sprout is selected when changing traditional nursery, adopt and first cut screening again, the growth being convenient to seedling substitutes, be beneficial to and choose health, the cultivation of sturdy seedling, ensure that purple Chinese yam late growing stage quality; (3) the present invention is planted by stem tuber, the growing space of appropriate design Chinese yam stem tuber, by cuttage canopy being added a cover the mist cooling mode in film, hay and canopy, the temp. and humidity of adjustment soil, ensure that stem tuber germinates nursery as soon as possible, in the growth of seedling stage, reasonable fertile, effectively improve the reproduction coefficient of purple Chinese yam, in Chinese yam growth of seedling process, by repeatedly, in right amount applying fertilizer, for growth of seedling provides continuously, fits the fertilizer support of effect, ensure purple Chinese yam shoot survival percent and Survival Rate, conscientiously facilitate breeding and the popularization of purple Chinese yam.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method, comprise the following steps,
(a) purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation: April No. 6-10, choose the purple medicine stem tuber of Xu Nong that weight is 60g/ block, 80s is soaked with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, stem tuber immerses below liquid face 3cm completely, dries surface after taking-up, by purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil overall humidity is suitable for, and the mode under tail on purple Chinese yam stem tuber head is planted, and every section of stem tuber plantation space is 20 × 20cm
2, the thick 3-5cm of earthing, even water-spraying amount 200-300ml during plantation after planting, by the end of April every 7 days to the even water-spraying amount 150-200ml in seedbed extremely later;
B () purple Chinese yam seedling prepares: May No. 10-25, paclobutrazol pulvis 6g/ mu is sprayed to the seedbed after plantation, sprayed 1 time every 5 days, continuous sprinkling 3 times, pastes ground and cuts, according to identical mode after purple Chinese yam seedling grows to 20-25cm, periodically sprinkle paclobutrazol pulvis, after seedling length is suitable, cut seedling, repeatedly carry out spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle;
The cuttage of (c) purple Chinese yam seedling: screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, have the purple Chinese yam seedling damaged by worms, by intact seedling, temperature is lower than planting after 28 DEG C in sprinkled with in the cuttage canopy of farmyard manure in the afternoon, and every root seedling cuttage plantation space is 25 × 25cm
2after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, interval is after 10 days, again spray root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 0.5kg/ mus, the mode of mist cooling is adopted to coordinate temperature control by adding a cover on cuttage canopy in film, hay and canopy, adjustment day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and night temperatures is 22-25 DEG C, and moisture constant controls at 85-90%;
(d) purple Chinese yam growth of seedling: June No. 10-15, paclobutrazol pulvis 24g/ mu is sprayed on the seedling blade face of plantation, interval after 10 days again to seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 50g/ mu, promote that purple Chinese yam root growth is grown, after June 20, after every morning 10, before at 3 in afternoon, open film, hay that cuttage canopy covers, guarantee that purple Chinese yam seedling can carry out sufficient photosynthesis, after September 20, remove the film on canopy, hay, make the free normal growth of seedling; Between the 10-9 month in June No. 20, by the mode that the film on cuttage canopy, hay and canopy internal spraying are lowered the temperature, coordinating to maintain temperature in canopy is 25-28 DEG C, humidity is 85-90%, promotes that Chinese yam cauline leaf grows, September No. 20-22, purple Chinese yam is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, after 5 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 2:1, promote Chinese yam growth;
E () purple Chinese yam harvesting: October No. 15-30, digs out purple Chinese yam potato after purple Chinese yam maturation, drying surface, to be placed on temperature be 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Be 35 times by the reproduction coefficient of the inventive method nursery, rooting rate, survival rate and knot potato rate are all more than 83.6%.
Embodiment two
A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method, comprise the following steps,
(a) purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation: April No. 6-10, choose the purple medicine stem tuber of Xu Nong that weight is 70g/ block, 100s is soaked with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, stem tuber immerses below liquid face 5cm completely, dries surface after taking-up, by purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil overall humidity is suitable for, and the mode under tail on purple Chinese yam stem tuber head is planted, and every section of stem tuber plantation space is 20 × 20cm
2, the thick 3-5cm of earthing, even water-spraying amount 200-300ml during plantation after planting, by the end of April every 7 days to the even water-spraying amount 150-200ml in seedbed extremely later;
B () purple Chinese yam seedling prepares: May No. 10-25, paclobutrazol pulvis 7.5g/ mu is sprayed to the seedbed after plantation, sprayed 1 time every 5 days, continuous sprinkling 3 times, pastes ground and cuts, according to identical mode after purple Chinese yam seedling grows to 20-25cm, periodically sprinkle paclobutrazol pulvis, after seedling length is suitable, cut seedling, repeatedly carry out spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle;
The cuttage of (c) purple Chinese yam seedling: screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, have the purple Chinese yam seedling damaged by worms, by intact seedling in the afternoon temperature plant in sprinkled with in the cuttage canopy of farmyard manure after being 25-28 DEG C, every root seedling cuttage plantation space is 25 × 25cm
2after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 3.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, interval is after 10 days, again spray root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 2kg/ mus, the mode of mist cooling is adopted to coordinate temperature control by adding a cover on cuttage canopy in film, hay and canopy, adjustment day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and night temperatures is 22-25 DEG C, and moisture constant controls at 85-90%;
(d) purple Chinese yam growth of seedling: June No. 10-15, paclobutrazol pulvis 40g/ mu is sprayed on the seedling blade face of plantation, interval after 15 days again to seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 80g/ mu, promote that purple Chinese yam root growth is grown, after June 20, after every morning 10, before at 3 in afternoon, open film, hay that cuttage canopy covers, guarantee that purple Chinese yam seedling can carry out sufficient photosynthesis, after September 20, remove the film on canopy, hay, make the free normal growth of seedling; Between the 10-9 month in June No. 20, by the mode that the film on cuttage canopy, hay and canopy internal spraying are lowered the temperature, coordinating to maintain temperature in canopy is 25-28 DEG C, humidity is 85-90%, promotes that Chinese yam cauline leaf grows, September No. 20-22, purple Chinese yam is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, after 5 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 2:1, promote Chinese yam growth;
E () purple Chinese yam harvesting: October No. 15-30, digs out purple Chinese yam potato after purple Chinese yam maturation, drying surface, to be placed on temperature be 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Be 25 times by the reproduction coefficient of the inventive method nursery, rooting rate, survival rate and knot potato rate are all more than 84.2%.
Embodiment three
A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method, comprise the following steps,
(a) purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation: April No. 6-10, choose the purple medicine stem tuber of Xu Nong that weight is 65g/ block, 90s is soaked with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, stem tuber immerses below liquid face 4cm completely, dries surface after taking-up, by purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil overall humidity is suitable for, and the mode under tail on purple Chinese yam stem tuber head is planted, and every section of stem tuber plantation space is 20 × 20cm
2, the thick 3-5cm of earthing, even water-spraying amount 200-300ml during plantation after planting, by the end of April every 7 days to the even water-spraying amount 150-200ml in seedbed extremely later;
B () purple Chinese yam seedling prepares: May No. 10-25, paclobutrazol pulvis 7g/ mu is sprayed to the seedbed after plantation, sprayed 1 time every 5 days, continuous sprinkling 3 times, pastes ground and cuts, according to identical mode after purple Chinese yam seedling grows to 20-25cm, periodically sprinkle paclobutrazol pulvis, after seedling length is suitable, cut seedling, repeatedly carry out spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle;
The cuttage of (c) purple Chinese yam seedling: screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, have the purple Chinese yam seedling damaged by worms, by intact seedling, temperature is lower than planting after 28 DEG C in sprinkled with in the cuttage canopy of farmyard manure in the afternoon, and every root seedling cuttage plantation space is 25 × 25cm
2after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 2.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, interval is after 10 days, again spray root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1kg/ mus, the mode of mist cooling is adopted to coordinate temperature control by adding a cover on cuttage canopy in film, hay and canopy, adjustment day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and night temperatures is 22-25 DEG C, and moisture constant controls at 85-90%;
(d) purple Chinese yam growth of seedling: June No. 10-15, paclobutrazol pulvis 30g/ mu is sprayed on the seedling blade face of plantation, interval after 12 days again to seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 65g/ mu, promote that purple Chinese yam root growth is grown, after June 20, after every morning 10, before at 3 in afternoon, open film, hay that cuttage canopy covers, guarantee that purple Chinese yam seedling can carry out sufficient photosynthesis, after September 20, remove the film on canopy, hay, make the free normal growth of seedling; Between the 10-9 month in June No. 20, by the mode that the film on cuttage canopy, hay and canopy internal spraying are lowered the temperature, coordinating to maintain temperature in canopy is 25-28 DEG C, humidity is 85-90%, promotes that Chinese yam cauline leaf grows, September No. 20-22, purple Chinese yam is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, after 5 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 2:1, promote Chinese yam growth;
E () purple Chinese yam harvesting: October No. 15-30, digs out purple Chinese yam potato after purple Chinese yam maturation, drying surface, to be placed on temperature be 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Be 40 times by the reproduction coefficient of the inventive method nursery, rooting rate, survival rate and knot potato rate are all more than 83.8%.
Claims (2)
1. purple Chinese yam nursery and a cultivation method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps,
(a) purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation: 6-10 day in April, choose the purple medicine stem tuber of Xu Nong that weight is 60-70g/ block, 80-100s is soaked with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, stem tuber immerses below liquid face 3-5cm completely, dries surface after taking-up, by purple Chinese yam stem tuber plantation on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth adding farmyard manure, soil overall humidity is suitable for, and the mode under tail on purple Chinese yam stem tuber head is planted, and every section of stem tuber plantation space is 20 × 20cm
2, the thick 3-5cm of earthing, even water-spraying amount 200-300ml during plantation after planting, by the end of April every 7 days to the even water-spraying amount 150-200ml in seedbed extremely later;
B () purple Chinese yam seedling prepares: 10-25 day in May, paclobutrazol pulvis 6-7.5g/ mu is sprayed to the seedbed after plantation, sprayed 1 time every 5 days, continuous sprinkling 3 times, pastes ground and cuts, according to identical mode after purple Chinese yam seedling grows to 20-25cm, periodically sprinkle paclobutrazol pulvis, after seedling length is suitable, cut seedling, repeatedly carry out spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle;
The cuttage of (c) purple Chinese yam seedling: screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, have the purple Chinese yam seedling damaged by worms, by intact seedling, temperature is lower than planting after 28 DEG C in sprinkled with in the cuttage canopy of farmyard manure in the afternoon, and every root seedling cuttage plantation space is 25 × 25cm
2after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.5-3.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, interval is after 10 days, again spray root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 0.5-2kg/ mus, the mode of mist cooling is adopted to coordinate temperature control by adding a cover on cuttage canopy in film, hay and canopy, adjustment day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and night temperatures is 22-25 DEG C, and moisture constant controls at 85-90%;
(d) purple Chinese yam growth of seedling: 10-15 day in June, paclobutrazol pulvis 24-40g/ mu is sprayed on the seedling blade face of plantation, again to seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 50-80g/ mu after interval 10-15 days, promote that purple Chinese yam root growth is grown, after June 20, after every morning 10, before at 3 in afternoon, open film, hay that cuttage canopy covers, guarantee that purple Chinese yam seedling can carry out sufficient photosynthesis, after September 20, remove the film on canopy, hay, make the free normal growth of seedling; Between the 10-9 month 20 June, by the mode that the film on cuttage canopy, hay and canopy internal spraying are lowered the temperature, coordinating to maintain temperature in canopy is 25-28 DEG C, humidity is 85-90%, promotes that Chinese yam cauline leaf grows, 20-22 day in September, purple Chinese yam is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, after 5 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 2:1, promote Chinese yam growth;
E () purple Chinese yam harvesting: 15-30 day in October, digs out purple Chinese yam potato after purple Chinese yam maturation, drying surface, to be placed on temperature be 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
2. the purple Chinese yam nursery of one according to claim 1 and cultivation method, is characterized in that, seedling intact in described step (c) is planted in sprinkled with in the cuttage canopy of farmyard manure when temperature is 25-28 DEG C in the afternoon.
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| CN104663222A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-03 | 沾益县龙冠农业科技有限公司 | Seeding and cultivation method for purple yams |
| CN104996151A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-28 | 孙丹丹 | Planting method for purple yam |
| CN105766280A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-07-20 | 孙明 | Planting method of purple yam |
| CN111587631A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-08-28 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Chinese yam tuber germination accelerating method |
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