CN104186167A - Purple potato cultivation and planting method - Google Patents
Purple potato cultivation and planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186167A CN104186167A CN201410438473.XA CN201410438473A CN104186167A CN 104186167 A CN104186167 A CN 104186167A CN 201410438473 A CN201410438473 A CN 201410438473A CN 104186167 A CN104186167 A CN 104186167A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a purple potato cultivation and planting method, and belongs to the technical field of purple potato cultivation. The method includes the following steps of (1) pre-processing of seed potatoes, (2) seed arrangement and seedling of seed potato tubers, (3) management of purple potato seedlings, (4) cottage and cultivation of the purple potato seedlings, (5) field growth management of purple potatoes and (6) harvest of the purple potatoes. If the purple potatoes are planted through the method, it can be guaranteed that the seed potatoes can sprout and emerge as soon as possible, sprout dead corners on the surfaces of the purple potatoes in conventional cultivation can be eliminated, and the germination rate is improved by about 11.3%; meanwhile, by means of the seed arrangement mode of longitudinal cutting of the seed potatoes, a large number of the seed potatoes are saved, cost is lowered, longitudinal sections of the seed potato tubers are downward and cultivated so that it can be guaranteed that germination and emergence time of the ends of the seed potatoes and germination and emergence time of the longitudinal sections are consistent, and the emergence rate of the purple potatoes is improved by 9.4%; extra power equipment is not needed for heating and heat preservation, operation process is simple in step, equipment investment is low, and the survival rate and survival quality of the purple potato seedlings are improved; compared with a traditional method, the acre yield is improved by about 7%, and benefits of farmers are obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method, belong to purple potato culture technique field.
Background technology
The special health care of the purple nutritious tool of potato, in it, be rich in protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acid, vitamin and several mineral materials, also be rich in selenium element and anthocyan, protein wherein, amino acid are very easily digested and absorb by human body simultaneously, meet the nutritional need of human body; The vitamin being rich in can improve human body eyesight etc., so health-care efficacy enjoys people to pay close attention to, and purple potato delicious flavour, eating method are various in addition, can process and help powder, leisure food etc., and the market demand is large, and therefore purple planting potato has very high economic benefit.
Before current purple planting potato, the following several method of many employings is grown seedlings, and the one, with seedlings canopy, cultivate, by external force, heat and promote growing of seedling, the step of growing seedlings complexity, technique is loaded down with trivial details, equipment cost is high; The 2nd, adopt the little middle canopy of cold bed to grow seedlings, purple potato integral body is buried in the earth, it is difficult that this seedling-cultivating method can cause purple potato Lower Half to be germinateed, emergence rate and emerge second-rate, breeding efficiency is low, seedling percent and Survival Rate poor, cause after seedling cultivating and growing, the purple potato of bearing is second-rate, has reduced the economic benefit of purple planting potato.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing for above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method, by purple potato stem tuber, grow seedlings, the emergence rate of potato seed and the quality of emerging have been improved, purple potato seedling percent and Survival Rate are significantly improved, the purple potato quality of bearing is high, has promoted greatly plantation, the popularization of purple potato.
To achieve these goals, a kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method that the present invention adopts, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, large from choosing in purple potato apotheca, body is strong, without potato seed damaged, free from insect pests, surface is with after warm water cleaning, naturally dry, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is then 600ppm by concentration soak 10-15min, the following 5-8cm of the whole immersed in liquid level of potato seed, after taking out, under normal temperature, dry, along the rip cutting of potato seed center, become two sections of stem tubers, No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder that are 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm;
(2) seeding of potato seed stem tuber is grown seedlings: potato seed stem tuber is planted on seedbed, seedbed is by adding fine earth or the Nutrition Soil of farmyard manure to form, soil moisture is suitable, during plantation, take the oblique mode down of potato seed stem tuber vertical section, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 ℃ of angle, make the potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber laterally and longitudinal pitch be 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface is extremely moistening with 28-30 ℃ of warm water of atomizers spray, add a cover again 0.006mm heavy back film, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, hay is added a cover for being incubated night in surface, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, when being 15-25 ℃, opens temperature mulch film, 28-30 ℃ of warm water is sprayed in seedbed moistening to soil surface, after finishing, water spray adds a cover immediately mulch film, spray continuously moistening to by the end of April;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 ℃, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 15-30g/ mu is sprayed in seedbed, after spray medicine finishes, if temperature does not need seedbed to add a cover mulch film higher than 15 ℃, make purple potato seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, after 4 of nights or when temperature is during lower than 15 ℃, need add a cover in time mulch film, prevent that cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the May paclobutrazol of the sprinkling for the first time pulvis of No. 1-3, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed in seedbed, each sprinkling amount increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative total is sprayed 3 times continuously, since May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, pasting ground cuts seedling, cut after seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato that spills ground again earthing, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is 450ppm to seedbed spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm, until seedling, again grow to after 20-25cm, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting through screening, abandon without launch leaf, thin and weak, have the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 ℃, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 * 25cm
2, after seedling cuttage, seedling branches and leaves are sprayed to No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus of root-inducing powder, No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus of root-inducing powder are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative total is sprayed 3 cycles continuously, after each spray medicine finishes, if temperature was lower than 15 ℃ at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay in time or heavy back film is incubated seedling, if temperature is not less than 15 ℃, not needing that cuttage canopy is done to insulation processes, make seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again add a cover hay or heavy back film is incubated, avoid the excessive seedling development that affects of day and night temperature, simultaneously spray medicine in the cycle irregularly to seedling spray water, maintain humidity in cuttage canopy in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30-50g/ mu to growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed at interval again after 5 days, front and back accumulative total is sprayed 4 times, each sprinkling amount is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after 9 of every mornings, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove the hay or the heavy back film that on cuttage canopy, cover, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove hay or heavy back film on cuttage canopy, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling can thoroughly carry out free photosynthesis, June 5 between September 15, by the hay on cuttage canopy or heavy back film, regulate temperature of shed, holding temperature is 25-30 ℃, mode by spray sprinkler regulates humidity in canopy, maintaining humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and by 1:2.5, mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu forming by DA-6, after 7 days, again spray by DA-6 and by 1:4, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu forming, behind 5 days, interval, spray for the third time by DA-6 and by 1:1, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu forming, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote purple potato growth, during field management, according to purple potato growing state, deinsectization in time, weeding,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, after purple potato maturation, dig out, select fruit plumpness, individual sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, dries that purple potato to be placed in to temperature behind surface be 10-15 ℃, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) purple potato cultivation method of the present invention is first selected colory potato seed, after potato seed surface clean, uses liquid to soak potato seed surface, guarantees potato seed germination and emergence as soon as possible, the potato seed of rip cutting simultaneously, at vertical section, smear the liquid that promotes growth, during seeding, adopt the oblique mode down of potato seed stem tuber vertical section, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 ℃ of angle, can eliminate the germination dead angle on purple potato surface in conventional cultivation, make its germination rate improve approximately 11.3%, the rip cutting of potato seed simultaneously seeding can be saved a large amount of potato seeds, reduce costs, the vertical section of potato seed is sprayed and smears somatotrophic liquid, end and the vertical section germination and emergence time that can guarantee potato seed reach unanimity, make purple potato emergence rate improve approximately 9.4%, in seedling raising process, repeatedly spray warm water, effectively improve the temp. and humidity of nursery soil, further promote potato seed germination and emergence speed.
(2) in purple potato growth of seedling process, repeatedly, the appropriate fertilizer that applies short seedling development, simultaneously in conjunction with adding a cover, remove the effect that mulch film is realized orderly temperature control, for the growth of seedling provides continuously, the fertilizer support of suitable effect and suitable temp. and humidity, do not need to be incubated by additional power equipment heat supply, operating procedure step is simple, and equipment investment is low, the survival rate and the Survival Rate that have effectively guaranteed purple potato seedling, improved planting benefit.
(3) after seedling cuttage plantation, to seedling blade face repeatedly, the appropriate paclobutrazol pulvis that promotes growth that sprays, and along with the growth of branches and leaves, appropriate increase spray value, guarantee fertilizing amount accurately, suitable effect; In time cuttage canopy is ventilated, in conjunction with adding a cover hay, that heavy back film maintains temperature of shed is suitable, provide growth of seedling temperature required, and remove as required hay, heavy back film and provide sufficient photosynthesis for growth of seedling, by spray sprinkler, for growth of seedling in canopy provides suitable humidity, guarantee that purple potato can grow up strong and sturdy, the purple potato of cultivating by the inventive method, per mu yield improves approximately 7% than conventional method, obvious for planting family increasing benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment mono-
A purple potato cultivation and grow method, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: March 10, large from choosing in purple potato apotheca, body is strong, without the purple potato seed in mountains and rivers damaged, free from insect pests, surface is with after warm water cleaning, naturally dry, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is then 600ppm by concentration soak 10-15min, the following 5-8cm of the whole immersed in liquid level of potato seed, after taking out, under normal temperature, dry, along the rip cutting of potato seed center, become two sections of stem tubers, No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder that are 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm;
(2) seeding of potato seed stem tuber is grown seedlings: potato seed stem tuber is planted on seedbed, seedbed is by adding fine earth or the Nutrition Soil of farmyard manure to form, soil moisture is suitable, during plantation, take the oblique mode down of potato seed stem tuber vertical section, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 ℃ of angle, make the potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber laterally and longitudinal pitch be 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface is extremely moistening with 28-30 ℃ of warm water of atomizers spray, add a cover again 0.006mm heavy back film, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, hay is added a cover for being incubated night in surface, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, when being 15-25 ℃, opens temperature mulch film, 28-30 ℃ of warm water is sprayed in seedbed moistening to soil surface, after finishing, water spray adds a cover immediately mulch film, spray continuously moistening to by the end of April;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 ℃, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 15g/ mu is sprayed in seedbed, after spray medicine finishes, if temperature does not need seedbed to add a cover mulch film higher than 15 ℃, make purple potato seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, after 4 of nights or when temperature is during lower than 15 ℃, need add a cover in time mulch film, prevent that cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the May paclobutrazol of the sprinkling for the first time pulvis of No. 1-3, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed in seedbed, each sprinkling amount increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative total is sprayed 3 times continuously, since May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, pasting ground cuts seedling, cut after seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato that spills ground again earthing, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is 450ppm to seedbed spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm, until seedling, again grow to after 20-25cm, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting through screening, abandon without launch leaf, thin and weak, have the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 ℃, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 * 25cm
2, after seedling cuttage, seedling branches and leaves are sprayed to No. 5 liquid 1.0kg/ mus of root-inducing powder, No. 5 liquid 1.0kg/ mus of root-inducing powder are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative total is sprayed 3 cycles continuously, after each spray medicine finishes, if temperature was lower than 15 ℃ at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay in time or heavy back film is incubated seedling, if temperature is not less than 15 ℃, not needing that cuttage canopy is done to insulation processes, make seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again add a cover hay or heavy back film is incubated, avoid the excessive seedling development that affects of day and night temperature, simultaneously spray medicine in the cycle irregularly to seedling spray water, maintain humidity in cuttage canopy in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30g/ mu to growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed at interval again after 5 days, front and back accumulative total is sprayed 4 times, each sprinkling amount is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after 9 of every mornings, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove the hay or the heavy back film that on cuttage canopy, cover, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove hay or heavy back film on cuttage canopy, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling can thoroughly carry out free photosynthesis, June 5 between September 15, by the hay on cuttage canopy or heavy back film, regulate temperature of shed, holding temperature is 25-30 ℃, mode by spray sprinkler regulates humidity in canopy, maintaining humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and by 1:2.5, mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu forming by DA-6, after 7 days, again spray by DA-6 and by 1:4, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu forming, behind 5 days, interval, spray for the third time by DA-6 and by 1:1, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu forming, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote purple potato growth, during field management, according to purple potato growing state, deinsectization in time, weeding,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, after purple potato maturation, dig out, select fruit plumpness, individual sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, dries that purple potato to be placed in to temperature behind surface be 10-15 ℃, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Adopt the mountains and rivers of this method plantation purple, germination rate improves 11.27%, and emergence rate improves 9.41%, during good harvest, gather in the crops purple potato output and reach 3460 pounds/acre, than conventional method output, improve approximately 6.87%, according to 5.5 yuan/kg of the market price, be about every mu, plantation family and increase income nearly 650 yuan, considerable benefit.
Embodiment bis-
A purple potato cultivation and grow method, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, large from choosing in purple potato apotheca, body is strong, without potato No. 6 potato seeds in capital damaged, free from insect pests, surface is with after warm water cleaning, naturally dry, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is then 600ppm by concentration soak 10-15min, the following 5-8cm of the whole immersed in liquid level of potato seed, after taking out, under normal temperature, dry, along the rip cutting of potato seed center, become two sections of stem tubers, No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder that are 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm;
(2) seeding of potato seed stem tuber is grown seedlings: potato seed stem tuber is planted on seedbed, seedbed is by adding fine earth or the Nutrition Soil of farmyard manure to form, soil moisture is suitable, during plantation, take the oblique mode down of potato seed stem tuber vertical section, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 ℃ of angle, make the potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber laterally and longitudinal pitch be 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface is extremely moistening with 28-30 ℃ of warm water of atomizers spray, add a cover again 0.006mm heavy back film, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, hay is added a cover for being incubated night in surface, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, when being 15-25 ℃, opens temperature mulch film, 28-30 ℃ of warm water is sprayed in seedbed moistening to soil surface, after finishing, water spray adds a cover immediately mulch film, spray continuously moistening to by the end of April;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 ℃, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 30g/ mu is sprayed in seedbed, after spray medicine finishes, if temperature does not need seedbed to add a cover mulch film higher than 15 ℃, make purple potato seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, after 4 of nights or when temperature is during lower than 15 ℃, need add a cover in time mulch film, prevent that cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the May paclobutrazol of the sprinkling for the first time pulvis of No. 1-3, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed in seedbed, each sprinkling amount increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative total is sprayed 3 times continuously, since May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, pasting ground cuts seedling, cut after seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato that spills ground again earthing, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is 450ppm to seedbed spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm, until seedling, again grow to after 20-25cm, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting through screening, abandon without launch leaf, thin and weak, have the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 ℃, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 * 25cm
2, after seedling cuttage, seedling branches and leaves are sprayed to No. 5 liquid 1.5kg/ mus of root-inducing powder, No. 5 liquid 1.5kg/ mus of root-inducing powder are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative total is sprayed 3 cycles continuously, after each spray medicine finishes, if temperature was lower than 15 ℃ at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay in time or heavy back film is incubated seedling, if temperature is not less than 15 ℃, not needing that cuttage canopy is done to insulation processes, make seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again add a cover hay or heavy back film is incubated, avoid the excessive seedling development that affects of day and night temperature, simultaneously spray medicine in the cycle irregularly to seedling spray water, maintain humidity in cuttage canopy in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 50g/ mu to growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed at interval again after 5 days, front and back accumulative total is sprayed 4 times, each sprinkling amount is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after 9 of every mornings, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove the hay or the heavy back film that on cuttage canopy, cover, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove hay or heavy back film on cuttage canopy, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling can thoroughly carry out free photosynthesis, June 5 between September 15, by the hay on cuttage canopy or heavy back film, regulate temperature of shed, holding temperature is 25-30 ℃, mode by spray sprinkler regulates humidity in canopy, maintaining humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and by 1:2.5, mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu forming by DA-6, after 7 days, again spray by DA-6 and by 1:4, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu forming, behind 5 days, interval, spray for the third time by DA-6 and by 1:1, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu forming, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote purple potato growth,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, after purple potato maturation, dig out, select fruit plumpness, individual sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, dries that purple potato to be placed in to temperature behind surface be 10-15 ℃, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
No. 6, the capital potato of employing this method plantation, germination rate improves 11.31%, and emergence rate improves 9.38%, gathers in the crops nearly 4060 pounds/acre of purple potato output, than conventional method output, improves approximately 7.07%, according to 5 yuan/kg of the market price, is about every mu, plantation family and increases income nearly 720 yuan.
Embodiment tri-
A purple potato cultivation and grow method, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, large from choosing in purple potato apotheca, body is strong, without Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae No. 18 potato seed damaged, free from insect pests, surface is with after warm water cleaning, naturally dry, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is then 600ppm by concentration soak 10-15min, the following 5-8cm of the whole immersed in liquid level of potato seed, after taking out, under normal temperature, dry, along the rip cutting of potato seed center, become two sections of stem tubers, No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder that are 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm;
(2) seeding of potato seed stem tuber is grown seedlings: potato seed stem tuber is planted on seedbed, seedbed is by adding fine earth or the Nutrition Soil of farmyard manure to form, soil moisture is suitable, during plantation, take the oblique mode down of potato seed stem tuber vertical section, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 ℃ of angle, make the potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber laterally and longitudinal pitch be 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface is extremely moistening with 28-30 ℃ of warm water of atomizers spray, add a cover again 0.006mm heavy back film, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, hay is added a cover for being incubated night in surface, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, when being 15-25 ℃, opens temperature mulch film, 28-30 ℃ of warm water is sprayed in seedbed moistening to soil surface, after finishing, water spray adds a cover immediately mulch film, spray continuously moistening to by the end of April;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 ℃, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 25g/ mu is sprayed in seedbed, after spray medicine finishes, if temperature does not need seedbed to add a cover mulch film higher than 15 ℃, make purple potato seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, after 4 of nights or when temperature is during lower than 15 ℃, need add a cover in time mulch film, prevent that cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the May paclobutrazol of the sprinkling for the first time pulvis of No. 1-3, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed in seedbed, each sprinkling amount increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative total is sprayed 3 times continuously, since May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, pasting ground cuts seedling, cut after seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato that spills ground again earthing, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is 450ppm to seedbed spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm, until seedling, again grow to after 20-25cm, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting through screening, abandon without launch leaf, thin and weak, have the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 ℃, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 * 25cm
2, after seedling cuttage, seedling branches and leaves are sprayed to No. 5 liquid 1.2kg/ mus of root-inducing powder, No. 5 liquid 1.3kg/ mus of root-inducing powder are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative total is sprayed 3 cycles continuously, after each spray medicine finishes, if temperature was lower than 15 ℃ at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay in time or heavy back film is incubated seedling, if temperature is not less than 15 ℃, not needing that cuttage canopy is done to insulation processes, make seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again add a cover hay or heavy back film is incubated, avoid the excessive seedling development that affects of day and night temperature, simultaneously spray medicine in the cycle irregularly to seedling spray water, maintain humidity in cuttage canopy in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 40g/ mu to growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed at interval again after 5 days, front and back accumulative total is sprayed 4 times, each sprinkling amount is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after 9 of every mornings, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove the hay or the heavy back film that on cuttage canopy, cover, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove hay or heavy back film on cuttage canopy, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling can thoroughly carry out free photosynthesis, June 5 between September 15, by the hay on cuttage canopy or heavy back film, regulate temperature of shed, holding temperature is 25-30 ℃, mode by spray sprinkler regulates humidity in canopy, maintaining humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and by 1:2.5, mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu forming by DA-6, after 7 days, again spray by DA-6 and by 1:4, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu forming, behind 5 days, interval, spray for the third time by DA-6 and by 1:1, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu forming, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote purple potato growth,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, after purple potato maturation, dig out, select fruit plumpness, individual sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, dries that purple potato to be placed in to temperature behind surface be 10-15 ℃, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Adopt the Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae No. 18 of this method plantation, germination rate improves 11.25%, and emergence rate improves 9.36%, crop reaches 6040 pounds/acre, than conventional method output, improves approximately 6.97%, according to 4.5 yuan/kg of the market price, be about every mu, plantation family and increase income nearly 950 yuan, considerable benefit.
Claims (1)
1. a purple potato cultivation and grow method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, large from choosing in purple potato apotheca, body is strong, without potato seed damaged, free from insect pests, surface is with after warm water cleaning, naturally dry, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is then 600ppm by concentration soak 10-15min, the following 5-8cm of the whole immersed in liquid level of potato seed, after taking out, under normal temperature, dry, along the rip cutting of potato seed center, become two sections of stem tubers, No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder that are 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm;
(2) seeding of potato seed stem tuber is grown seedlings: potato seed stem tuber is planted on seedbed, seedbed is by adding fine earth or the Nutrition Soil of farmyard manure to form, soil moisture is suitable, during plantation, take the oblique mode down of potato seed stem tuber vertical section, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 ℃ of angle, make the potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber laterally and longitudinal pitch be 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface is extremely moistening with 28-30 ℃ of warm water of atomizers spray, add a cover again 0.006mm heavy back film, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, hay is added a cover for being incubated night in surface, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, when being 15-25 ℃, opens temperature mulch film, 28-30 ℃ of warm water is sprayed in seedbed moistening to soil surface, after finishing, water spray adds a cover immediately mulch film, spray continuously moistening to by the end of April;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 ℃, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 15-30g/ mu is sprayed in seedbed, after spray medicine finishes, if temperature does not need seedbed to add a cover mulch film higher than 15 ℃, make purple potato seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, after 4 of nights or when temperature is during lower than 15 ℃, need add a cover in time mulch film, prevent that cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the May paclobutrazol of the sprinkling for the first time pulvis of No. 1-3, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed in seedbed, each sprinkling amount increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative total is sprayed 3 times continuously, since May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, pasting ground cuts seedling, cut after seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato that spills ground again earthing, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, No. 5 liquids of the root-inducing powder that is 450ppm to seedbed spray concentration, sprinkling amount is 3-5mm, until seedling, again grow to after 20-25cm, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting through screening, abandon without launch leaf, thin and weak, have the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 ℃, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 * 25cm
2, after seedling cuttage, seedling branches and leaves are sprayed to No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus of root-inducing powder, No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus of root-inducing powder are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative total is sprayed 3 cycles continuously, after each spray medicine finishes, if temperature was lower than 15 ℃ at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay in time or heavy back film is incubated seedling, if temperature is not less than 15 ℃, not needing that cuttage canopy is done to insulation processes, make seedling can naturally carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again add a cover hay or heavy back film is incubated, avoid the excessive seedling development that affects of day and night temperature, simultaneously spray medicine in the cycle irregularly to seedling spray water, maintain humidity in cuttage canopy in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30-50g/ mu to growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed at interval again after 5 days, front and back accumulative total is sprayed 4 times, each sprinkling amount is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after 9 of every mornings, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove the hay or the heavy back film that on cuttage canopy, cover, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove hay or heavy back film on cuttage canopy, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling can thoroughly carry out free photosynthesis, June 5 between September 15, by the hay on cuttage canopy or heavy back film, regulate temperature of shed, holding temperature is 25-30 ℃, mode by spray sprinkler regulates humidity in canopy, maintaining humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and by 1:2.5, mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu forming by DA-6, after 7 days, again spray by DA-6 and by 1:4, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu forming, behind 5 days, interval, spray for the third time by DA-6 and by 1:1, mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu forming, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote purple potato growth, during field management, according to purple potato growing state, deinsectization in time, weeding,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, after purple potato maturation, dig out, select fruit plumpness, individual sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, dries that purple potato to be placed in to temperature behind surface be 10-15 ℃, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
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| CN104969744A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-10-14 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | Efficient purple sweet potato seedling method |
| CN105325163A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-17 | 湖北生态工程职业技术学院 | Method for efficiently interplanting purple potatoes |
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| CN105917932A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-07 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Method for industrialized cutting seedling culture of Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim |
| CN106171399A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 合肥扬扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Rhizoma Steudnerae Henryanae cultivating and growing method |
| CN106982618A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-28 | 安徽金培因科技有限公司 | A kind of purple potato high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method |
| CN106973673A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-25 | 合肥慧谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of purple potato |
| CN107493950A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2017-12-22 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | A kind of purple potato implantation methods |
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