CN104871799A - Purple sweet potato cultivating and planting method - Google Patents
Purple sweet potato cultivating and planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104871799A CN104871799A CN201510322814.1A CN201510322814A CN104871799A CN 104871799 A CN104871799 A CN 104871799A CN 201510322814 A CN201510322814 A CN 201510322814A CN 104871799 A CN104871799 A CN 104871799A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a purple sweet potato cultivating and planting method and belongs to the technical field of purple sweet potato cultivation. The method comprises steps as follows: (1), pre-processed of potato seed tubers; (2), seed arrangement and seedling cultivation of the potato seed tubers; (3), management of purple sweet potato seedlings; (4), cottage and cultivation of the purple sweet potato seedlings; (5), field growth management of the purple sweet potato seedlings; (6), harvesting of the purple sweet potatoes. The method is used for planting the purple sweet potatoes, and the potato seed tubers can sprout as soon as possible; sprout dead corners on surfaces of the purple sweet potatoes in conventional cultivation can be eliminated, and the sprout rate can be increased by about 11.3%; meanwhile, large quantities of potato seed tubers can be saved due to longitudinal cutting for seed arrangement of the potato seed tubers, and the cost is reduced; longitudinal sections of the potato seed tubers are cultivated downwards, and the sprout time of end parts and the longitudinal sections of the potato seed tubers is almost consistent, so that the sprout rate of the purple sweet potatoes is increased by about 9.4%; additionally arranged power equipment is not required for heat supply and preservation, operation process steps are simple, equipment investment is low, the survival rate of the purple sweet potato seedlings is increased, the survival quality of the seedlings is improved, the acre yield is about 7% higher than that of purple sweet potatoes produced with a traditional method, and incomes of planters are remarkably increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method, belong to purple potato technical field of cultivation.
Background technology
The special health care of the purple nutritious tool of potato, protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acid, vitamin and several mineral materials is rich in it, also be rich in selenium element and anthocyan, protein wherein, amino acid, very easily by human consumption and absorption, meet the nutritional need of human body simultaneously; The vitamin be rich in can improve human body eyesight etc., and therefore health-care efficacy enjoys people to pay close attention to, and purple potato delicious flavour, eating method are various in addition, can process and help powder, leisure food etc., and the market demand is large, and therefore purple planting potato has very high economic benefit.
Before current purple planting potato, the following several method nursery of many employings, one is cultivate with seedlings canopy, and promote growing of seedling by external force heating, nursery step complexity, technique is loaded down with trivial details, equipment cost is high; Two is adopt the little middle canopy nursery of cold bed, purple potato entirety is buried in the earth, it is difficult that this seedling-cultivating method can cause purple potato Lower Half to be germinateed, emergence rate and emerge second-rate, breeding efficiency is low, seedling percent and Survival Rate poor, after causing seedling cultivating and growing, the purple potato born is second-rate, reduces the economic benefit of purple planting potato.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method, by the nursery of purple potato stem tuber, improve the emergence rate of potato seed and quality of emerging, purple potato seedling percent and Survival Rate are significantly improved, the purple potato quality born is high, facilitates the plantation of purple potato, popularization greatly.
To achieve these goals, the purple potato cultivation and grow method of the one that the present invention adopts, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, to choose in purple potato apotheca large, body is strengthened, without potato seed that is damaged, free from insect pests, after the warm water cleaning of surface, naturally dry, then soak 10-15min with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, 5-8cm below the overall immersed in liquid level of potato seed, dry under normal temperature after taking out, become two sections of stem tubers along the rip cutting of potato seed center, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm;
(2) potato seed stem tuber seeding nursery: by the plantation of potato seed stem tuber on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil moisture is suitable for, potato seed stem tuber vertical section oblique mode is down taked during plantation, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 DEG C of angle, make potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber transverse direction and longitudinal pitch are 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface atomizers spray 28-30 DEG C warm water is to moistening, add a cover the thick mulch film of 0.006mm again, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, surface is added a cover hay and is incubated for night, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, open mulch film when temperature is 15-25 DEG C, 28-30 DEG C of warm water is sprayed to seedbed moistening to soil surface, after water spray terminates, add a cover mulch film immediately, spray moistening to by the end of April continuously;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 DEG C, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 15-30g/ mu is sprayed to seedbed, after spray medicine terminates, if temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, do not need to add a cover mulch film to seedbed, make purple potato seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, after night 4 or when temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, mulch film need be added a cover in time, prevent cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the first time of No. 1-3 in May sprays paclobutrazol pulvis, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed to seedbed, each fountain height increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative sprinkling continuously 3 times, from May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, paste ground seedling is cut, after cutting seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato earthing again spilling ground, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450ppm to seedbed spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm, after seedling grows to 20-25cm again, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting is through screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, there is the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 × 25cm2, after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative 3 cycles of sprinkling continuously, after each spray medicine terminates, if temperature is lower than 15 DEG C at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay or thick mulch film is incubated seedling then in time, if temperature is not less than 15 DEG C, then do not need to do isothermal holding to cuttage canopy, make seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again hay is added a cover or thick mulch film is incubated, avoid that day and night temperature is excessive affects seedling development, simultaneously irregular to seedling spray water within the spray medicine cycle, humidity in maintenance cuttage canopy is in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, to the seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30-50g/ mu of growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed after 5 days again in interval, the accumulative sprinkling in front and back 4 times, each fountain height is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after every morning 9, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove hay or thick mulch film that cuttage canopy covers, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling thoroughly can carry out free photosynthesis, between June 5 to September 15, temperature of shed is regulated by the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, holding temperature is 25-30 DEG C, canopy humidity is regulated by the mode of spray sprinkler, maintenance humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:2.5, after 7 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:4, interval is after 5 days, third time sprays and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote that purple potato grows, during field management, according to purple potato growing state, timely deinsectization, weeding,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, dig out after purple potato maturation, select fruit plumpness, individuality is sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, and purple potato being placed in temperature after drying surface is 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) purple potato cultivation method of the present invention first selects colory potato seed, after potato seed surface clean, uses liquid to soak potato seed surface, ensures that potato seed can germination and emergence as soon as possible, the potato seed of rip cutting simultaneously, the liquid of growth promoting effects is smeared at vertical section, potato seed stem tuber vertical section oblique mode is down adopted during seeding, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 DEG C of angle, the germination dead angle on purple potato surface in conventional cultivation can be eliminated, its germination rate is made to improve about 11.3%, the rip cutting of potato seed simultaneously seeding can save a large amount of potato seeds, reduce costs, the vertical section of potato seed is sprayed and smears somatotrophic liquid, can ensure that end and the vertical section germination and emergence time of potato seed reach unanimity, purple potato emergence rate is made to improve about 9.4%, in seedling raising process, repeatedly spray warm water, effective temp. and humidity improving nursery soil, further lifting potato seed germination and emergence speed.
(2) in purple potato growth of seedling process, repeatedly, the fertilizer of seedling development is urged in appropriate applying, combination is simultaneously added a cover, is removed the effect that mulch film realizes orderly temperature control, growth for seedling provides continuously, fit the fertilizer support of effect and suitable temp. and humidity, do not need by applying power equipment heat supply insulation, operating procedure step is simple, and equipment investment is low, effectively ensure that survival rate and the Survival Rate of purple potato seedling, improve planting benefit.
(3) after seedling cuttage plantation, to seedling blade face repeatedly, the appropriate paclobutrazol pulvis spraying growth promoting effects, and along with the growth of branches and leaves, appropriate increase spray value, guarantee fertilizing amount accurately, suitable effect; In time cuttage canopy is ventilated, in conjunction with add a cover hay, thick mulch film maintain temperature of shed be suitable for, there is provided growth of seedling temperature required, and remove hay, thick mulch film as required and provide sufficient photosynthesis for growth of seedling, there is provided suitable humidity by spray sprinkler for growth of seedling in canopy, ensure that purple potato can be grown up strong and sturdy, the purple potato of being cultivated by the inventive method, per mu yield improves about 7% than conventional method, for plantation family increasing benefit is obvious.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
A kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: March 10, to choose in purple potato apotheca large, body is strengthened, without the purple potato seed in mountains and rivers that are damaged, free from insect pests, after the warm water cleaning of surface, naturally dry, then soak 10-15min with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, 5-8cm below the overall immersed in liquid level of potato seed, dry under normal temperature after taking out, become two sections of stem tubers along the rip cutting of potato seed center, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm;
(2) potato seed stem tuber seeding nursery: by the plantation of potato seed stem tuber on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil moisture is suitable for, potato seed stem tuber vertical section oblique mode is down taked during plantation, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 DEG C of angle, make potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber transverse direction and longitudinal pitch are 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface atomizers spray 28-30 DEG C warm water is to moistening, add a cover the thick mulch film of 0.006mm again, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, surface is added a cover hay and is incubated for night, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, open mulch film when temperature is 15-25 DEG C, 28-30 DEG C of warm water is sprayed to seedbed moistening to soil surface, after water spray terminates, add a cover mulch film immediately, spray moistening to by the end of April continuously;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 DEG C, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 15g/ mu is sprayed to seedbed, after spray medicine terminates, if temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, do not need to add a cover mulch film to seedbed, make purple potato seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, after night 4 or when temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, mulch film need be added a cover in time, prevent cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the first time of No. 1-3 in May sprays paclobutrazol pulvis, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed to seedbed, each fountain height increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative sprinkling continuously 3 times, from May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, paste ground seedling is cut, after cutting seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato earthing again spilling ground, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450 ppm to seedbed spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm, after seedling grows to 20-25cm again, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting is through screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, there is the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 × 25cm2, after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.0kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.0kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative 3 cycles of sprinkling continuously, after each spray medicine terminates, if temperature is lower than 15 DEG C at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay or thick mulch film is incubated seedling then in time, if temperature is not less than 15 DEG C, then do not need to do isothermal holding to cuttage canopy, make seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again hay is added a cover or thick mulch film is incubated, avoid that day and night temperature is excessive affects seedling development, simultaneously irregular to seedling spray water within the spray medicine cycle, humidity in maintenance cuttage canopy is in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, to the seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30g/ mu of growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed after 5 days again in interval, the accumulative sprinkling in front and back 4 times, each fountain height is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after every morning 9, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove hay or thick mulch film that cuttage canopy covers, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling thoroughly can carry out free photosynthesis, between June 5 to September 15, temperature of shed is regulated by the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, holding temperature is 25-30 DEG C, canopy humidity is regulated by the mode of spray sprinkler, maintenance humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:2.5, after 7 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:4, interval is after 5 days, third time sprays and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote that purple potato grows, during field management, according to purple potato growing state, timely deinsectization, weeding,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, dig out after purple potato maturation, select fruit plumpness, individuality is sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, and purple potato being placed in temperature after drying surface is 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Adopt the mountains and rivers of this method plantation purple, germination rate improves 11.27%, and emergence rate improves 9.41%, gather in the crops purple potato output during good harvest and reach 3460 pounds/acre, than conventional method output increased about 6.87%, according to the market price 5.5 yuan/kg, be about plantation every mu, family and increase income nearly 650 yuan, considerable benefit.
Embodiment two
A kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, to choose in purple potato apotheca large, body is strengthened, without capital potato No. 6 potato seeds that are damaged, free from insect pests, after the warm water cleaning of surface, naturally dry, then soak 10-15min with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, 5-8cm below the overall immersed in liquid level of potato seed, dry under normal temperature after taking out, become two sections of stem tubers along the rip cutting of potato seed center, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm;
(2) potato seed stem tuber seeding nursery: by the plantation of potato seed stem tuber on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil moisture is suitable for, potato seed stem tuber vertical section oblique mode is down taked during plantation, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 DEG C of angle, make potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber transverse direction and longitudinal pitch are 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface atomizers spray 28-30 DEG C warm water is to moistening, add a cover the thick mulch film of 0.006mm again, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, surface is added a cover hay and is incubated for night, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, open mulch film when temperature is 15-25 DEG C, 28-30 DEG C of warm water is sprayed to seedbed moistening to soil surface, after water spray terminates, add a cover mulch film immediately, spray moistening to by the end of April continuously;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 DEG C, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 30g/ mu is sprayed to seedbed, after spray medicine terminates, if temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, do not need to add a cover mulch film to seedbed, make purple potato seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, after night 4 or when temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, mulch film need be added a cover in time, prevent cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the first time of No. 1-3 in May sprays paclobutrazol pulvis, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed to seedbed, each fountain height increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative sprinkling continuously 3 times, from May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, paste ground seedling is cut, after cutting seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato earthing again spilling ground, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450 ppm to seedbed spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm, after seedling grows to 20-25cm again, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting is through screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, there is the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 × 25cm2, after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative 3 cycles of sprinkling continuously, after each spray medicine terminates, if temperature is lower than 15 DEG C at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay or thick mulch film is incubated seedling then in time, if temperature is not less than 15 DEG C, then do not need to do isothermal holding to cuttage canopy, make seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again hay is added a cover or thick mulch film is incubated, avoid that day and night temperature is excessive affects seedling development, simultaneously irregular to seedling spray water within the spray medicine cycle, humidity in maintenance cuttage canopy is in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, to the seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 50g/ mu of growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed after 5 days again in interval, the accumulative sprinkling in front and back 4 times, each fountain height is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after every morning 9, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove hay or thick mulch film that cuttage canopy covers, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling thoroughly can carry out free photosynthesis, between June 5 to September 15, temperature of shed is regulated by the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, holding temperature is 25-30 DEG C, canopy humidity is regulated by the mode of spray sprinkler, maintenance humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:2.5, after 7 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:4, interval is after 5 days, third time sprays and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote that purple potato grows,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, dig out after purple potato maturation, select fruit plumpness, individuality is sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, and purple potato being placed in temperature after drying surface is 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Adopt No. 6, the capital potato of this method plantation, germination rate improves 11.31%, and emergence rate improves 9.38%, gathers in the crops nearly 4060 pounds/acre of purple potato output, than conventional method output increased about 7.07%, according to the market price 5 yuan/kg, is about plantation every mu, family and increases income nearly 720 yuan.
Embodiment three
A kind of purple potato cultivation and grow method, comprises the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, to choose in purple potato apotheca large, body is strengthened, without Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae No. 18 potato seed that is damaged, free from insect pests, after the warm water cleaning of surface, naturally dry, then soak 10-15min with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, 5-8cm below the overall immersed in liquid level of potato seed, dry under normal temperature after taking out, become two sections of stem tubers along the rip cutting of potato seed center, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm;
(2) potato seed stem tuber seeding nursery: by the plantation of potato seed stem tuber on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil moisture is suitable for, potato seed stem tuber vertical section oblique mode is down taked during plantation, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 DEG C of angle, make potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber transverse direction and longitudinal pitch are 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface atomizers spray 28-30 DEG C warm water is to moistening, add a cover the thick mulch film of 0.006mm again, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, surface is added a cover hay and is incubated for night, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, open mulch film when temperature is 15-25 DEG C, 28-30 DEG C of warm water is sprayed to seedbed moistening to soil surface, after water spray terminates, add a cover mulch film immediately, spray moistening to by the end of April continuously;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 DEG C, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 25g/ mu is sprayed to seedbed, after spray medicine terminates, if temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, do not need to add a cover mulch film to seedbed, make purple potato seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, after night 4 or when temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, mulch film need be added a cover in time, prevent cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the first time of No. 1-3 in May sprays paclobutrazol pulvis, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed to seedbed, each fountain height increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative sprinkling continuously 3 times, from May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, paste ground seedling is cut, after cutting seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato earthing again spilling ground, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450 ppm to seedbed spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm, after seedling grows to 20-25cm again, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting is through screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, there is the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 × 25cm2, after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.2kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.3kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative 3 cycles of sprinkling continuously, after each spray medicine terminates, if temperature is lower than 15 DEG C at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay or thick mulch film is incubated seedling then in time, if temperature is not less than 15 DEG C, then do not need to do isothermal holding to cuttage canopy, make seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again hay is added a cover or thick mulch film is incubated, avoid that day and night temperature is excessive affects seedling development, simultaneously irregular to seedling spray water within the spray medicine cycle, humidity in maintenance cuttage canopy is in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, to the seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 40g/ mu of growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed after 5 days again in interval, the accumulative sprinkling in front and back 4 times, each fountain height is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after every morning 9, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove hay or thick mulch film that cuttage canopy covers, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling thoroughly can carry out free photosynthesis, between June 5 to September 15, temperature of shed is regulated by the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, holding temperature is 25-30 DEG C, canopy humidity is regulated by the mode of spray sprinkler, maintenance humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:2.5, after 7 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:4, interval is after 5 days, third time sprays and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote that purple potato grows,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, dig out after purple potato maturation, select fruit plumpness, individuality is sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, and purple potato being placed in temperature after drying surface is 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
Adopt the Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae No. 18 of this method plantation, germination rate improves 11.25%, and emergence rate improves 9.36%, crop reaches 6040 pounds/acre, than conventional method output increased about 6.97%, according to the market price 4.5 yuan/kg, be about plantation every mu, family and increase income nearly 950 yuan, considerable benefit.
Claims (1)
1. a purple potato cultivation and grow method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps,
(1) potato seed pretreatment: mid-March, to choose in purple potato apotheca large, body is strengthened, without potato seed that is damaged, free from insect pests, after the warm water cleaning of surface, naturally dry, then soak 10-15min with root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids that concentration is 600ppm, 5-8cm below the overall immersed in liquid level of potato seed, dry under normal temperature after taking out, become two sections of stem tubers along the rip cutting of potato seed center, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450ppm by vertical section surface uniform spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm;
(2) potato seed stem tuber seeding nursery: by the plantation of potato seed stem tuber on seedbed, seedbed is made up of the fine earth or Nutrition Soil adding farmyard manure, soil moisture is suitable for, potato seed stem tuber vertical section oblique mode is down taked during plantation, keep vertical section horizontal by 10-15 DEG C of angle, make potato seed stem tuber two ends can faster germination and emergence; Adjacent potato seed stem tuber transverse direction and longitudinal pitch are 2-3cm, the thick 3-5cm of stem tuber surface earthing after seeding, soil surface atomizers spray 28-30 DEG C warm water is to moistening, add a cover the thick mulch film of 0.006mm again, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, surface is added a cover hay and is incubated for night, removes hay daytime and maintains normal temperature; At interval of 7 days, open mulch film when temperature is 15-25 DEG C, 28-30 DEG C of warm water is sprayed to seedbed moistening to soil surface, after water spray terminates, add a cover mulch film immediately, spray moistening to by the end of April continuously;
(3) purple potato seedling management: May No. 1-3, potato seed emergence rate reaches more than 95%, daytime is when temperature is 15-28 DEG C, open mulch film, paclobutrazol pulvis 15-30g/ mu is sprayed to seedbed, after spray medicine terminates, if temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, do not need to add a cover mulch film to seedbed, make purple potato seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, after night 4 or when temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, mulch film need be added a cover in time, prevent cold and hot excessive temperature differentials from suppressing growth of seedling, from the first time of No. 1-3 in May sprays paclobutrazol pulvis, at interval of 3 days, a paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed to seedbed, each fountain height increases progressively 5g/ mu, accumulative sprinkling continuously 3 times, from May 15, when purple potato seedling grows to 20-25cm, paste ground seedling is cut, after cutting seedling, to seedbed water-spraying amount 5-10mm, simultaneously to the purple potato earthing again spilling ground, thickness of earth covering is 3-5cm, cut 3-5 days after seedling, be root-inducing powder No. 5 liquids of 450ppm to seedbed spray concentration, fountain height is 3-5mm, after seedling grows to 20-25cm again, again paste ground and cut seedling, repeat to spray medicine, cut the seedling 4-5 cycle,
(4) purple potato seedling cuttage cultivation: the seedling of each cutting is through screening, abandon without expanded leaves, thin and weak, there is the part of damaging by worms, intact seedling is planted in cuttage canopy after afternoon temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, the cuttage space of seedling is 25 × 25cm2, after seedling cuttage, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves, root-inducing powder No. 5 liquid 1.0-1.5kg/ mus are sprayed to seedling branches and leaves after 7 days again in interval, accumulative 3 cycles of sprinkling continuously, after each spray medicine terminates, if temperature is lower than 15 DEG C at that time, on cuttage canopy, add a cover hay or thick mulch film is incubated seedling then in time, if temperature is not less than 15 DEG C, then do not need to do isothermal holding to cuttage canopy, make seedling naturally can carry out photosynthesis, at dusk after 6, again hay is added a cover or thick mulch film is incubated, avoid that day and night temperature is excessive affects seedling development, simultaneously irregular to seedling spray water within the spray medicine cycle, humidity in maintenance cuttage canopy is in 75-90%,
(5) purple potato field growing management: on June, the middle ten days, to the seedling foliage spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30-50g/ mu of growth, paclobutrazol pulvis is sprayed after 5 days again in interval, the accumulative sprinkling in front and back 4 times, each fountain height is with the dosage escalation of 10g/ mu, after June 25, after every morning 9, at dusk before 4, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, remove hay or thick mulch film that cuttage canopy covers, make the natural photosynthesis of seedling energy, quickening is grown, after September 15, thoroughly remove the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, open the vent window of cuttage canopy surrounding, make purple potato seedling thoroughly can carry out free photosynthesis, between June 5 to September 15, temperature of shed is regulated by the hay on cuttage canopy or thick mulch film, holding temperature is 25-30 DEG C, canopy humidity is regulated by the mode of spray sprinkler, maintenance humidity is 75-90%, promote the growth of purple potato cauline leaf, September No. 20-22, purple potato is sprayed and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 15kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:2.5, after 7 days, again spray and mix with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 25kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:4, interval is after 5 days, third time sprays and mixes with the alcohol milk powder that rues the solution 5kg/ mu formed by DA-6 by 1:1, for purple potato provides continuous, appropriate fertilizer support, promote that purple potato grows, during field management, according to purple potato growing state, timely deinsectization, weeding,
(6) purple potato results: mid or late October, dig out after purple potato maturation, select fruit plumpness, individuality is sturdy, surface is without pityriasis simplex, damaged purple potato, and purple potato being placed in temperature after drying surface is 10-15 DEG C, the indoor storage that humidity is suitable.
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| CN105850462A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-17 | 贵州省印江县依仁食品有限公司 | Planting method for purple sweet potatoes |
| CN108293751A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-07-20 | 唐乐正 | Sweet potato summer high-yield early-maturing implantation methods |
| CN108477216A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-04 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | A kind of sweet potato strong sprout composition, sweet potato strong sprout method and application |
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