CN104303976A

CN104303976A - SH-line apple dwarf rootstock cutting propagation technology

Info

Publication number: CN104303976A
Application number: CN201410603942.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙建设; 王丽; 邵建柱; 张鹤; 张学英
Original assignee: Hebei Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hebei Agricultural University
Priority date: 2014-11-03
Filing date: 2014-11-03
Publication date: 2015-01-28

Abstract

The invention provides an SH-line apple dwarf rootstock cutting propagation technology including hotbed cultivation of cuttings, cutting collection and treatment, preparation and cutting of cutting media, management after cutting and acclimatization and transplant. The SH-line apple dwarf rootstock cutting propagation technology has the advantages that cutting rooting rate is increased greatly, cost is low, seedling culture years are shortened, factory production of SH-line dwarf self-rooted rootstocks can be achieved, and the SH-line apple dwarf rootstock cutting propagation technology is of great significance to promotion of large-area application of the SH-line dwarf self-rooted rootstocks.

Description

A kind of SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation.

Background technology

In recent years, Apple Culture system generation major transformation, short anvil dense planting is the prevailing model of world's Apple Culture development.At present; more than 90% of world agriculture developed country all adopts short anvil planting culture pattern; and China apple orchard more than 90% is still tall anvil dense planting, ubiquity orchard closing in production, are difficult to the application realizing the modernization key elements such as mechanization; water and fertilizer utilization is low; the problems such as the amount of labour used is large, management cost is high, nutrient quality difference, the cost that these factors make orchard manage is high, be difficult to control; standardization level is low, constrains the scale development in orchard.

Up to the present, the utilization of dwarfing rootstock is still the main path realizing Cultivation of Apple Under Dwarf And Close Planting.Suitable dwarfing rootstock is selected to be the key realizing Cultivation of Apple Under Dwarf And Close Planting.Production practices prove, SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees is adaptability high-quality dwarfing rootstock widely, good in China especially North China's CROP PING, are the Main Apple Varieties dwarfing rootstocks of this area's application.But because SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees cutting plantation is low, and obtained from rootstock high cost by tissue cultures, substantially so far apply as interstock, this application mode can not give full play to the characteristic of dwarfing rootstock, and nursery year limit for length, cost is high.Therefore, the cottage propagation of SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees is studied, realize its factorial praluction from root anvil seedling, just seem very important.

The invention provides the SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation of complete set.This technology not only greatly improves cutting plantation, and cost is low, shortens the nursery time limit, can realize the factorial praluction of SH system Dwarf rootstocks nursery stock, significant to the large-area applications promoting SH system Dwarf rootstocks.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation of a kind of high efficiency, low cost.

SH system provided by the invention Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation, comprises the steps.

1) hotbed cultivates cutting

Arrange hotbed, hotbed lays heating wire heating, and temperature is set to 18-30 DEG C.The SH system rootstock seedling of graft stock is cut off the thin and delicate branch in nursery stock upper end, and stay and be about 1m, level is planted on hotbed, nursery stock spacing 5cm.Take shed insulation subsequently, hotbed fills with permeable.When after rudiment, sprout is about 2-3cm, sprout covers sand, and thickness is 5-7cm.

2) Acquire and process of cutting:

When tender shoots grows to 12-18cm, from base portion, spray is broken, remove partial blade.The spray handled well is dipped in 1min in IBA solution, and taking-up is slightly dried in the air for subsequent use.

In said method, plant hormone IBA solution preparation method, for using alcohol after IBA dissolving, adds water and is configured to the solution of 1000-3000ppm.

3) preparation of matrix and cuttage:

By the cutting cuttage handled well in nutritive cube, put into the shed that dense fog is housed, spray carbendazol, irrigates.

In said method, matrix is made up of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite three kinds of materials, and first the peat composed of rotten mosses sprays a carbendazol sterilizes, and then by three kinds of material mixings, loads the nutritive cube of 8x12cm, puts in pallet, often coil 4x12 nutritive cube; Carbendazim solution compound method be 80% carbendazol wettable powder water be configured to 600-800 times of liquid.

4) manage after cuttage:

Adopt batch (-type) atomization system humidification in shed, micro computer controls automatically, each spraying 1 minute, interval 1 hour.Temperature controls between 15-30 DEG C, humidity 80%-100%, utilizes temp. and humidity recorder to monitor temp. and humidity, when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, takes shading screen or spray cooling outside shed.

5) acclimatization and transplants:

The hardening when cutting cuttage 30 days, stops spraying, raises shed and continue hardening 3-5 days after three days.In land for growing field crops bedding, cutting is planted into land for growing field crops with matrix, water permeable.Take shading screen, after its reform of nature condition, remove shade net, carry out managing according to farming method.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with concrete case study on implementation, the present invention is further elaborated.

Example 1:SH40 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees epicormic branch cuttage technology

In early spring (February 27), by the SH40 seedling of 500 strain graftings on Mains micromalus, rugosity is 0.5cm, and level is planted on the hotbed of laying heating wire, cuts off the thin and delicate part in nursery stock top.Fill with permeable, take shed.Treat branch rudiment, during the long 3cm of sprout, cover husky 8cm, until when spray grows to about 15cm, break from base portion, base portion 2cm stem section IBA solution dips in 1min, take out and slightly dry base portion IBA liquid, vermiculite is being equipped with in cuttage: the peat composed of rotten mosses: in the matrix of perlite three kinds of materials, put into dense fog device is housed shed in, irrigate with carbendazol.Dense fog set of time was every 1 hour spraying 1min, and by temp. and humidity in temp. and humidity recorder monitoring canopy, when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, take shading screen or the outer dense fog spray cooling of canopy, humidity remains on 90%-100%.Within after cuttage 30 days, check situation of taking root, rooting rate reaches 93%, and rooting of cuttings quantity is at 10-20 bar.

Stop spraying after 30 days, raise shed after three days and continue hardening 3-5 days in greenhouse, then move on to natural daylight lower refining seedling and can transplant after 3-5 days, in land for growing field crops bedding, cutting is planted into land for growing field crops with matrix, waters permeable.Take shading screen, after its reform of nature condition, remove shade net.Then carry out managing according to the way to manage in field.

Example 2:SH28 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees epicormic branch cuttage technology

Cultivate SH28 stock according to the method in example 1, within 30 days, check that rooting rate is 65% afterwards.

Example 3:SH29 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees epicormic branch cuttage technology

Cultivate SH29 stock according to the method in example 1, within 30 days, check that rooting rate is 80% afterwards.

Example 4:SH40 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees epicormic branch cuttage technology

In spring (3 the end of month), plant on seedling bed by the SH40 seedling level of 600 strain graftings on Mains micromalus, because weather warms up, temperature reaches sprout Germination Temperature, does not need hotbed, only takes shed.Within after cuttage 30 days, check situation of taking root, rooting rate reaches 96%, and rooting of cuttings quantity is at 10-22 bar.

Stop spraying after 30 days, raise shed after three days and continue hardening 3-5 days in greenhouse, then move on to natural daylight lower refining seedling and can transplant after 3-5 days, do furrow in land for growing field crops, cutting is planted into land for growing field crops with matrix, waters permeable.Take shading screen, after its reform of nature condition, remove shade net.Then carry out managing according to the way to manage in field, transplanting survival rate is all more than 90%.

Claims

1. a SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation, is characterized in that, hotbed cultivates SH system Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees cutting, the Acquire and process of cutting, the preparation of matrix manage with after cuttage, cuttage, hardening combines with transplanting.

2. SH system according to claim 1 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation, is characterized in that the step of hotbed cultivation cutting is as follows:

hotbed adopts lays heating wire heating, and temperature is set to 18-30 DEG C;

the SH system dwarfing rootstock seedling level of grafting on base anvil is planted on hotbed, and nursery stock spacing 5cm, covers husky 5-7cm and expedite the emergence of tender shoots.

3. SH system according to claim 1 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation, is characterized in that the step of the Acquire and process of cutting is as follows:

plant hormone is IBA, and concentration range is at 1000-3000ppm;

by for subsequent use for the cutting quickly dipped 1min in IBA solution handled well.

4. SH system according to claim 1 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation, is characterized in that the step of the preparation of matrix and cuttage is as follows:

the preparation of matrix: be made up of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite three kinds of materials, first the peat composed of rotten mosses sprays a carbendazol sterilizes, and then by three kinds of material mixings, loads nutritive cube;

carbendazim solution concentration range is 600-800 times of liquid of the carbendazol wettable powder of 80%;

5. SH system according to claim 1 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation, the step managed after it is characterized in that cuttage is as follows:

adopt batch (-type) atomization system humidification, micro computer controls automatically, and spraying is arranged: each spraying 1 minute, interval 1 hour;

temperature controls between 15-30 DEG C, humidity 80%-100%, when temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, takes shading screen or spray cooling outside shed.

6. SH system according to claim 1 Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees Technique on Cuttage Propagation, is characterized in that the step of acclimatization and transplants is as follows:

hardening: cutting cuttage, after 30 days, stops spraying, raises shed and continues hardening 3-5 days after three days;

transplant: sit furrow in land for growing field crops, cutting is transplanted into land for growing field crops with matrix, waters permeable, takes shading screen, after its reform of nature condition, remove shade net.