CN102986509B - Dendrobium officinale cultivation technique using stone - Google Patents
Dendrobium officinale cultivation technique using stone Download PDFInfo
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- CN102986509B CN102986509B CN201210380415.7A CN201210380415A CN102986509B CN 102986509 B CN102986509 B CN 102986509B CN 201210380415 A CN201210380415 A CN 201210380415A CN 102986509 B CN102986509 B CN 102986509B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses a Dendrobium officinale cultivation technique using stone. The technique comprises the steps of host selection, epiphytic seedling selection and treatment, stone-adhering plantation, plantation management, harvest and the like. In the cultivation process, the Dendrobium officinale substantially does not suffer from diseases and pests, and the use of pesticide is not needed, thus greatly improving the edible safety of the Dendrobium officinale. The input-output ratio of the Dendrobium officinale obtained by the cultivation method is 1.24-1.36 times higher than that of the Dendrobium officinale obtained by other Dendrobium officinale cultivation methods, thus realizing safe and high-efficiency cultivation of Dendrobium officinale, being beneficial to protection of the wild Dendrobium officinale resource which is in danger of extinction, but also promoting the development of enterprises of traditional Chinese medicines with Dendrobium officinale as a raw material, and bringing about good ecological effect, economic benefit and social effect.
Description
Technical field
The stone cultivation technology that the present invention relates to a kind of dendrobium candidum, belongs to field of plant growing technology.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum is traditional rare Chinese medicine, is considered to since ancient times the treasure of enriching yin help.In < < Sheng Nong's herbal classic > > before more than 1400 years and the ancient books such as < < Compendium of Materia Medica > > before more than 400 year, just there is dendrobium candidum to there is the record of the effects such as Yin-nourishing and body fluid promoting.Utilize modern medical means also to confirm that dendrobium candidum contains the compositions such as the alkaloids such as dendrobine, the stem of noble dendrobium time alkali and methine stem of noble dendrobium element, stem of noble dendrobium quinone, volatile oil and polysaccharide.Dendrobium candidum is mainly distributed in the dark and damp woods in mountain valley half of height above sea level 600-2500m on the upper or border rock of tree, and the ecotope of requirement is more special, and dendrobium candidum fruit-setting rate is low, and seed is difficult for germinateing, and natural propagation rate is extremely low; Yin Senlin wrecks again, and living environment worsens, and adds long-term the excavating of people, and wild dendrobium candidum resource is more and more rare, and provenance has been faced exhaustion, in endangered condition.In < < Chinese Plants Red Data Book > > (publishing for 1991), be listed in endangered species.Therefore the artificial cultivation that develops dendrobium candidum becomes the road of protecting and utilizing the certainty of dendrobium candidum resource.
Summary of the invention
The stone cultivation technology that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of dendrobium candidum; both be conducive to the protection to the wild dendrobium candidum resource of disappearance in imminent danger; promote again the development with the traditional Chinese medicine enterprise of dendrobium candidum raw material, can bring good ecological effect, economic benefits and social effect.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The stone of dendrobium candidum is planted a technology, comprises the following steps:
(1) select attached master
Selectively shady and cool, moist, block faces is adhered to humus soil or is had the stone ground of moss growth.
(2) grow nonparasitically upon another plant selection and the processing of seedling
Select life in 1 year or life in 2 years and robust growth, color and luster is light green, sprouting is many, well developed root system, without the plant of damage by disease and insect, do kind of a strain, cut off long fibrous root and 3 years above old stems, stay 2-3 centimetre, strain clump is cut, be divided into little Cong, the strain of every Cong Liuyou 3-5 root band base of leaf;
(3) paste stone plantation
Plantation is chosen in spring, on the stone of choosing, by the spacing in the rows of 30-40cm, digs out depression, with cow dung, mix sposh and be coated with skim, then spray Chinese herbal medicine fluid one time, immediately plant is filled in to stone cave or stone cistern in kind of a root and stem of certain plants place, make every effort to firmly not make to come off, available finger stone is fixed;
(4) Cultivate administration
1. illumination
Dendrobium candidum primitive environment is generally all in tree shade Xia He shady spot, and optimal light intensity is 5000-10000lux left and right, and planting environment needs appropriate shading, and obscurity is at 60-70%,
2. temperature
Dendrobium candidum optimum growth temperature is 20-32 ℃, when temperature is too low, should note antifreeze, preferably remain on more than 0 ℃, when temperature is lower, bedding one deck straw around, when temperature is too high, take to shade and the measure such as the micro-spray humidification of lowering the temperature, but in insulation, will note ventilating, particularly summer high-temperature weather, more will note circulation of air, prevent the generation of damage by disease and insect
3. humidity
The humidity of dendrobium candidum plantation should remain on more than 60%, and during rainy weather, humidity reaches more than 90%, should add forced ventilation, prevents that bacillary, fungal disease from occurring,
4. topdress
After new root is sprouted, can start to spray Liquid Fertilizer, within 7-9 days, spray once, after 1-2 month, seedling to be grown nonparasitically upon another plant adapts to new environment gradually, when new root has grown 10-12cm, can apply slow granular fertilizer, helps it to grow up strong and sturdy,
5. water
After plantation in 1-2 week every day the water of spraying 1-2 time, maintenance bark is moistening, the dendrobium candidum later stage air humidity of planting is little, the moisturizing of watering of often spraying, should spray while watering more, drench less,
6. prune
While germinateing, wipe out the withered stem in clump in conjunction with the old stem of gathering annual spring, and except preventing or cure a disease stem and the overstocked weak stem of growing, promote sprouting growth,
7. the extermination of disease and insect pest
The insect pest of dendrobium candidum main diseases is the common anthracnose of orchid, snail, slug etc., and the principle of control is that anti-overweighting controlled, and is not therefore also occurring before serious damage by disease and insect, can spray plant resource biological insecticides per ten days one time;
(5) gather
After planting, 1-2 can gather, suitable harvest period be after the Beginning of Winter to before Clear and Bright, while gathering, root stays the long root head of 2-3cm, cuts always to stay tenderly, to continue, gathers in the crops.
Described Chinese herbal medicine fluid is by the raw material of following weight portion: 20-30 part obtusesepal clematis stem and leaf, 10-20 part fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, 20-30 part root of langdu, 20-30 part frutus cnidii, 10-20 part Fructus meliae toosendan, 10-20 part kiss-me, 20-30 part moutan bark, 10-20 part tuber of stemona are made through steps such as pulverizing, soak, filter, be concentrated.
Described Liquid Fertilizer by ammonium nitrate, 10-20% people and animals urine, the paper-making pulping waste liquid of 5-10%, the monosodium glutamate waste liquid of 5-10% of the modified phosphate potassium dihydrogen by 40-50%, 20-30%, mix rear dilute with water 300-400 and doubly form, wherein said modified phosphate potassium dihydrogen is prepared by the following method: to adding the nano-sized carbon of 1-2% in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the silane coupler KH570 of the slag of the wintergreen of 3-4%, 5-6%, 2-3%, the sldium lauryl sulfate of 0.2-0.3%, be uniformly mixed and mix, then granulation obtains again.
Described slow granular fertilizer is the slow released fertilizer forming with brown coal, attapulgite and humic acid membrane wrapping nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Described plant resource biological insecticides are the raw materials by following weight portion: 10-20 part pull out chinaroot greenbrier, 10-15 part pepper leaf, 10-15 part Caraway, 10-20 part Celastrus angulatus, 5-10 part China tree, 5-10 part Siberian cocklebur, the black milfoil of 10-15 part through decocting, concentrated and make.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention, by spraying Chinese herbal medicine fluid and plant resource biological insecticides, can greatly reduce the damage by disease and insect of dendrobium candidum, has purified the growing environment of dendrobium candidum.In cultivation process of the present invention, dendrobium candidum there is no generation damage by disease and insect, without using agricultural chemicals, has greatly improved the edible safety of dendrobium candidum.The input-output ratio of the inventive method gained dendrobium candidum is compared with the input-output ratio of other officinal dendrobium stem plantation method gained and is exceeded 1.24-1.36 doubly; realized the safe and efficient cultivation of dendrobium candidum; both be conducive to the protection to the wild dendrobium candidum resource of disappearance in imminent danger; promote again the development with the traditional Chinese medicine enterprise of dendrobium candidum raw material, can bring good ecological effect, economic benefits and social effect.
Embodiment
Embodiment
The stone of dendrobium candidum is planted a technology, comprises the following steps:
(1) select attached master
Selectively shady and cool, moist, block faces is adhered to humus soil or is had the stone ground of moss growth.
(2) grow nonparasitically upon another plant selection and the processing of seedling
Select life in 2 years and robust growth, color and luster is light green, sprouting is many, well developed root system, without the plant of damage by disease and insect, do kind of a strain, cuts off long fibrous root and 3 years above old stems, stays 2.5 centimetres, and strain clump is cut, and is divided into little Cong, the strain of 4 band bases of leaf of every Cong Liuyou;
(3) paste stone plantation
Plantation is chosen in spring, on the stone of choosing, by the spacing in the rows of 30cm, digs out depression, with cow dung, mix sposh and be coated with skim, then spray Chinese herbal medicine fluid one time, immediately plant is filled in to stone cave or stone cistern in kind of a root and stem of certain plants place, make every effort to firmly not make to come off, available finger stone is fixed;
(4) Cultivate administration
1. illumination
Dendrobium candidum primitive environment is generally all in tree shade Xia He shady spot, and optimal light intensity is 5000-10000lux left and right, and planting environment needs appropriate shading, and obscurity is at 60-70%,
2. temperature
Dendrobium candidum optimum growth temperature is 20-32 ℃, when temperature is too low, should note antifreeze, preferably remain on more than 0 ℃, when temperature is lower, bedding one deck straw around, when temperature is too high, take to shade and the measure such as the micro-spray humidification of lowering the temperature, but in insulation, will note ventilating, particularly summer high-temperature weather, more will note circulation of air, prevent the generation of damage by disease and insect
3. humidity
The humidity of dendrobium candidum plantation should remain on more than 60%, and during rainy weather, humidity reaches more than 90%, should add forced ventilation, prevents that bacillary, fungal disease from occurring,
4. topdress
After new root is sprouted, can start to spray Liquid Fertilizer, within 7 days, spray once, after 2 months, seedling to be grown nonparasitically upon another plant adapts to new environment gradually, when new root has grown 12cm, can apply slow granular fertilizer, helps it to grow up strong and sturdy,
5. water
Plant in rear 1 week the water of spraying 2 times every day, keep bark moistening, the dendrobium candidum later stage air humidity of planting is little, and the moisturizing of watering of often spraying, should spray while watering more, drench less,
6. prune
While germinateing, wipe out the withered stem in clump in conjunction with the old stem of gathering annual spring, and except preventing or cure a disease stem and the overstocked weak stem of growing, promote sprouting growth,
7. the extermination of disease and insect pest
The insect pest of dendrobium candidum main diseases is the common anthracnose of orchid, snail, slug etc., and the principle of control is that anti-overweighting controlled, and is not therefore also occurring before serious damage by disease and insect, can spray plant resource biological insecticides per ten days one time;
(5) gather
Plant and can gather for latter 2 years, suitable harvest period be after the Beginning of Winter to before Clear and Bright, while gathering, root stays the long root head of 3cm, cut always stay tender, to continue results.
Described Chinese herbal medicine fluid is by the raw material of following weight portion: 24 parts of obtusesepal clematis stem and leafs, 15 portions of fruits of a cubeb litsea tree, 28 parts of roots of langdu, 26 parts of frutus cnidiis, 15 parts of Fructus meliae toosendans, 18 portions of kiss-mes, 20 parts of moutan barks, 15 parts of tubers of stemona are made through steps such as pulverizing, soak, filter, be concentrated.
Described Liquid Fertilizer by the modified phosphate potassium dihydrogen by 45%, 25% ammonium nitrate, 15% people and animals' urine, 8% paper-making pulping waste liquid, 7% monosodium glutamate waste liquid, mix 300 times of rear dilute with waters and form, wherein, described modified phosphate potassium dihydrogen is prepared by the following method: in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, add 1% nano-sized carbon, 3% wintergreen, 5% slag, 2% silane coupler KH570,0.2% sldium lauryl sulfate, be uniformly mixed and mix, then granulation obtains again.
Described slow granular fertilizer is the slow released fertilizer forming with brown coal, attapulgite and humic acid membrane wrapping nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Described plant resource biological insecticides are the raw materials by following weight portion: 16 parts pull out chinaroot greenbrier, 12 parts of pepper leaves, 15 parts of Caraways, 12 parts of Celastrus angulatus, 8 portions of China trees, 10 portions of Siberian cockleburs, 12 parts of black milfoils through decocting, concentrated and make.
Compare with traditional planting technology, the input-output ratio information slip of cultivation method of the present invention is as follows:
By reality, plant contrast proof, utilize the dendrobium candidum input-output ratio of cultivation method gained of the present invention to be better than traditional cultivation method.Output improves more than 20%.
Claims (1)
1. a stone cultivating method for dendrobium candidum, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) select attached master
Selectively shady and cool, moist, block faces is adhered to humus soil or is had the stone ground of moss growth;
(2) grow nonparasitically upon another plant selection and the processing of seedling
Select life in 1 year or life in 2 years and robust growth, color and luster is light green, sprouting is many, well developed root system, without the plant of damage by disease and insect, do kind of a strain, cut off long fibrous root and 3 years above old stems, stay 2-3 centimetre, strain clump is cut, be divided into little Cong, the strain of every Cong Liuyou 3-5 root band base of leaf;
(3) paste stone plantation
Plantation is chosen in spring, on the stone of choosing, by the spacing in the rows of 30-40cm, digs out depression, with cow dung, Chinese medicine slag, mix sposh and be coated with skim, then spray Chinese herbal medicine fluid one time, immediately plant is filled in to stone cave or stone cistern in kind of a root and stem of certain plants place, make every effort to firmly not make to come off, with finger stone, fix;
(4) Cultivate administration
1. illumination
Dendrobium candidum primitive environment is generally all in tree shade Xia He shady spot, and intensity of illumination is 5000-10000lux, and planting environment needs appropriate shading, and obscurity is at 60-70%,
2. temperature
Growth of Dendrobium candidum temperature is 20-32 ℃, when temperature is too low, should note antifreeze, remain on more than 0 ℃, when temperature is lower, bedding one deck straw around, when temperature is too high, take to shade and the capable cooling of micro-spirt humidification, but in insulation, to note ventilating, at summer high-temperature weather, more will note circulation of air, prevent the generation of damage by disease and insect
3. humidity
The humidity of dendrobium candidum plantation should remain on more than 60%, and during rainy weather, humidity reaches more than 90%, should add forced ventilation, prevents that bacillary, fungal disease from occurring,
4. topdress
After new root is sprouted, can start to spray Liquid Fertilizer, within 7-9 days, spray once, after 1-2 month, seedling to be grown nonparasitically upon another plant adapts to new environment gradually, when new root has grown 10-12cm, applies slow granular fertilizer, helps it to grow up strong and sturdy,
5. water
After plantation in 1-2 week every day the water of spraying 1-2 time, maintenance bark is moistening, the dendrobium candidum later stage air humidity of planting is little, the moisturizing of watering of often spraying, should spray while watering more, drench less,
6. prune
While germinateing, wipe out the withered stem in clump in conjunction with the old stem of gathering annual spring, and except preventing or cure a disease stem and the overstocked weak stem of growing, promote sprouting growth,
7. the extermination of disease and insect pest
The insect pest of dendrobium candidum main diseases is the common anthracnose of orchid, snail, slug, and the principle of control is that anti-overweighting controlled, and is not therefore also occurring before serious damage by disease and insect, sprays plant resource biological insecticides per ten days one time;
(5) gather
After planting, 1-2 can gather, suitable harvest period be after the Beginning of Winter to before Clear and Bright, while gathering, root stays the long root head of 2-3cm, cuts always to stay tenderly, to continue, gathers in the crops;
Described Chinese herbal medicine fluid is by the raw material of following weight portion: 20-30 part obtusesepal clematis stem and leaf, 10-20 part fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, 20-30 part root of langdu, 20-30 part frutus cnidii, 10-20 part Fructus meliae toosendan, 10-20 part kiss-me, 20-30 part moutan bark, 10-20 part tuber of stemona through pulverizing, soak, filter, concentrated forming;
Described Liquid Fertilizer by the modified phosphate potassium dihydrogen of 40-50%, the ammonium nitrate of 20-30%, 10-20% people and animals urine, the paper-making pulping waste liquid of 5-10%, the monosodium glutamate waste liquid of 5-10%, mixing rear dilute with water 300-400 doubly forms, described modified phosphate potassium dihydrogen is prepared by the following method: to adding the nano-sized carbon of 1-2% in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the silane coupler KH570 of the slag of the wintergreen of 3-4%, 5-6%, 2-3%, the sldium lauryl sulfate of 0.2-0.3%, be uniformly mixed and mix, then granulation obtains again;
Described plant resource biological insecticides are the raw materials by following weight portion: 10-20 part pull out chinaroot greenbrier, 10-15 part pepper leaf, 10-15 part Caraway, 10-20 part Celastrus angulatus, 5-10 part China tree, 5-10 part Siberian cocklebur, the black milfoil of 10-15 part through decocting, concentrated and make;
Described slow granular fertilizer is the slow released fertilizer forming with brown coal, attapulgite and humic acid membrane wrapping nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
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| CN102986509B true CN102986509B (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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