CN103609416B - The implantation methods of dendrobium candidum - Google Patents
The implantation methods of dendrobium candidum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of dendrobium candidum, with peat soil, peanut shell, pine chaff, the raw materials such as pine bark and a small amount of bat ight soil are beaten powder and are made matrix, carry out high temperature 100-110 DEG C of process, gather the stem of noble dendrobium kind of high-quality on mountain, after sterilization processing, sowing, booth is transplanted to after 1 year, booth, then sunshade is taked, control suitable temperature and moisture, by soft rot and the black spot of nuisanceless Fungicidal control dendrobium candidum, the pure natural plant liquid of preparation is used to do insecticide, thus plantation obtains individual plentiful, without agricultural chemicals, without hormone and without chemicals pollute, colory dendrobium candidum, demand on market is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of dendrobium candidum, particularly a kind of method of full ecological technique plantation high-quality dendrobium candidum.
Background technology
In state-owned sentence old saying be called " there is ginseng in north; Nan Youfeng struggle against "; described maple bucket; it is curling group's shape particle that stem of Dendrobium is made; the stem of noble dendrobium; particularly dendrobium candidum (Dendrobiumcandidumwall.exLindl.) is the orchid family (Orchidaeae) Dendrobium (Dendrobium) herbaceos perennial; it is China's rare Chinese medicine; it is Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant; have the laudatory title of " the celestial grass of China ", " in medicine gold "; first of row " Chinese nine immortal grass ", be called " medicine circle giant panda " by international medicinal plant circle.The effect such as there is immunological regulation, delay senility.Be not only the required raw material of familiar " MAILUONING ZHUSHEYE ", or the necessary raw material of tens of kinds of Chinese patent drugs and health products.
In Shennong's Herbal, dendrobium candidum is listed in top grade, has nourishing Yin and moistening lung, nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid, and the effect such as moisten the lung and relieve the cough.Modern pharmacological research shows, dendrobium candidum also has develop immunitypty, anti-ageing, anticancer, antifatigue, the effect of hemangiectasis.Dendrobium candidum is mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical region such as China, Thailand, Burma, Vietnam, domestic with Guangxi, Yunnan, Deng Weiyuan main producing region, Guizhou.Because human lives's scope constantly expands, add that long-term transition is plucked, existing wild resource is on the verge of exhaustion, and purchase volume significantly declines.China has forbidden felling for many years, and the market price is significantly raised up.Dendrobium candidum is difficult to meet the need of market because wild resource is exhausted, therefore needs a large amount of artificial cultivation to meet the market demand constantly expanded.
Wild Dendrodium growth is from life in warm, moistening, few illumination, suitably ventilative, root system is breathed freely, draining is good environment, and need to adhere to trees, precipice seam carries out climbing raw or hanging growth, and the growth of iron sheet is quite harsh to the requirement of environment.Some scientific research institutions of China and business unit constantly explore the group training of orchid dendrobium candidum and artificial cultivation technique and test, achieve certain achievement, but remain at dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate low, growth rate is slow, the subject matters such as output is not high, and active constituent content is low.
People have studied the growth conditions of dendrobium candidum in recent years, and various places plantation dendrobium candidum is greatly developed,
Wild Dendrodium growth is from life in warm, moistening, few illumination, suitably ventilative, root system is breathed freely, draining is good environment, and need to adhere to trees, precipice seam carries out climbing raw or hanging growth, and the growth of iron sheet is quite harsh to the requirement of environment.Some scientific research institutions of China and business unit constantly explore the group training of orchid dendrobium candidum and artificial cultivation technique and test, achieve certain achievement, but remain at dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate low, growth rate is slow, the subject matters such as output is not high, and active constituent content is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of full ecological technique plantation high-quality dendrobium candidum.
The present invention is achieved in that
The implantation methods of dendrobium candidum, with peat soil, peanut shell, pine chaff, the raw materials such as pine bark and a small amount of bat ight soil are beaten powder and are made matrix, carry out high temperature 100-110 DEG C of process, gather the stem of noble dendrobium kind of high-quality on mountain, after sterilization processing, sowing, booth is transplanted to after 1 year, booth, then sunshade is taked, control suitable temperature and moisture, by soft rot and the black spot of harmless Fungicidal control dendrobium candidum, the pure natural plant liquid of preparation is used to do insecticide, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc., produce without agricultural chemicals, without hormone and the high-quality dendrobium candidum without chemicals pollution, meet the needs in market, with the dendrobium candidum that the full ecological technique implantation methods of the present invention obtains, pure natural, best in quality, free from extraneous odour, there is yin-nourishing bring down a fever, to promote the production of body fluid cough-relieving, coordinating intestines and stomach, the functions such as body's immunity can be improved.
The parts by weight of above-described plantation dendrobium officinale substrate: peat soil 20 ~ 40 parts, peanut shell 10 ~ 20 parts, pine chaff 13 ~ 30, pine bark 10 ~ 20 and bat guano 5 ~ 10 parts, these matrix need by high temperature 100 ~ 110 DEG C of steam treatment, then within 20 days ~ 50 days, form through fermentation of banking up, this matrix has loose ventilative, fertilizer conservation water conservation, with low cost, survival rate high, can realize dendrobium candidum high-density planting, yield and quality is all better than the dendrobium candidum of other cultivation matrixes plantation simultaneously.
The described material composition of the harmless bactericide of the root rot of dendrobium candidum and black spot that prevents is the mixture of levogyrate alpha-terpineol, milk of lime and surfactant, milk of lime parts by weight are 10-20 part, levogyrate alpha-terpineol parts by weight are 2-5 part, surfactant parts by weight are 1-2 part, thin up 100 times during use.Described surfactant is soak really of washing one's hands, 1 kilogram of fruit 10 kilograms of hot-water soak that add water of washing one's hands obtains, with wash one's hands fruit be distributed in East China, in reach southwest in the south, formal name used at school soapberry fruit, Latin plant animal mineral name: SapindusmukorossiGaertn, there is wild and plantation in a lot of place, and fruit soak of washing one's hands can also play desinsection and anthelmintic action; Levogyrate alpha-terpineol is the material from rosin extraction and isolation, is sprayed on dendrobium candidum with it, can sterilization also can desinsection, and the extract of dendrobium candidum and pine tree has good dependency, and Chemical Industry Inst., Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region produces levogyrate alpha-terpineol.
Material composition and the parts by weight of control dendrobium candidum insect are: garlic 20 ~ 30 parts, bitter fruit leaf 10 ~ 15 parts, cushaw leaf 10-15 part, polygonum flaccidum 20 ~ 30 parts, surfactant 1-2 part, using method is smashed by above-mentioned material, add 5 ~ 10 times of water, boil half an hour, get filtrate sprinkling, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc.Surfactant be soapberry fruit pulverize after per kilogram add 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks obtain soapberry fruit soak.
In the material of control dendrobium candidum insect, garlic and cushaw leaf are vegetables common on our dining table, need not explain here.
Polygonum flaccidum (PolygonumhydropiperL.) belongs to the annual herb plant of polygonaceae (Polygonaceae) Polygonum (PolygonumL.), it is a kind of Chinese traditional herbs of China, in China, most area has distribution, is the plant that a kind of resource is very abundant; Polygonum flaccidum is to insect, and such as looper, cutworm etc., have very strong food refusal, deterrent effect, be developed as a kind of novel vegetable insecticide, when using as Chinese medicine, polygonum flaccidum is used for dysentery, have loose bowels, acute tonsillitis, malaria, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, uterine bleeding, carbuncle swells furunculosis, scrofula, venomous snake bite, eczema, the ringworm of the foot, traumatism and bleeding.
Bitter fruit leaf, Classification system: MeliaazedarachL is Meliaceae deciduous tree plant, high 10-20m.Bark crineous, lobe, old branch purple, has most tiny hole skin.Be born in wilderness or roadside, often cultivate after room anterior chamber.This plant grows rapidly on moistening fertile soil, and require not tight to soil, all can grow in acid soil, neutral soil and In Limestone Area, be the good reproducting tree species of Plain and low altitude area hills area, and wing other plantation in village's is more suitable.Margosa be material with plant, be also medicinal plant, its flower, leaf, fruit, root skin all can be used as medicine.Be widely distributed in Tropical Asian and subtropical zone, also there is cultivation Temperate Region in China.Control snout moth's larva, aphid, cabbage caterpillar, insect parasite which hurts rice plant, lice, cicada etc.
Substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progress:
1, the implantation methods of dendrobium candidum of the present invention, select the matrix good to dendrobium candidum adaptability, dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate is high, fast growth, and output is high, and active constituent content is high.
2. by soft rot and the black spot of harmless Fungicidal control dendrobium candidum, use the pure natural plant liquid of preparation to do insecticide, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc., produce without agricultural chemicals, without hormone and the high-quality dendrobium candidum without chemicals pollution, meet the needs in market
3, with the dendrobium candidum that the full ecological technique implantation methods of the present invention obtains, pure natural, best in quality, free from extraneous odour, have that yin-nourishing is brought down a fever, cough-relieving of promoting the production of body fluid, coordinating intestines and stomach, can the functions such as body's immunity be improved.
4, insect pest is prevented and kill off, material composition and the Content number of control dendrobium candidum insect are: garlic 20 ~ 30 parts, bitter fruit leaf 10 ~ 15 parts, cushaw leaf 10-15 part, polygonum flaccidum 20 ~ 30 parts, surfactant 1-2 part, using method is smashed by above-mentioned material, adds 5 ~ 10 times of water, boil half an hour, get filtrate sprinkling, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc.
5, the material composition of bactericide and Content number is used to be: the levogyrate alpha-terpineol using Chemical Industry Inst., Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to produce and milk of lime, milk of lime parts by weight are 10-20 part, levogyrate alpha-terpineol parts by weight are 2-5 part, and surfactant parts by weight are 1-2 part.
Embodiment
The plantation of dendrobium candidum, with peat soil, peanut shell, pine chaff, the raw materials such as pine bark and a small amount of bat ight soil are beaten powder and are made matrix, carry out high temperature 100-110 DEG C of process, gather the stem of noble dendrobium kind of high-quality on mountain, after sterilization processing, sowing, booth is transplanted to after 1 year, booth, then sunshade is taked, control suitable temperature and moisture, by soft rot and the black spot of harmless Fungicidal control dendrobium candidum, the pure natural plant liquid of preparation is used to do insecticide, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc., produce without agricultural chemicals, without hormone and the high-quality dendrobium candidum without chemicals pollution, meet the needs in market,
The parts by weight of described plantation dendrobium officinale substrate: peat soil 20 ~ 40 parts, peanut shell 10 ~ 20 parts, pine chaff 13 ~ 30, pine bark 10 ~ 20 and bat guano 5 ~ 10 parts, these matrix need by high temperature 100 ~ 110 DEG C of steam treatment, then within 20 days ~ 50 days, form through fermentation of banking up, this matrix has loose ventilative, fertilizer conservation water conservation, with low cost, survival rate high, can realize dendrobium candidum high-density planting, yield and quality is all better than the dendrobium candidum of other cultivation matrixes plantation simultaneously.
The highest per mu yield of the present invention's above-mentioned implantation methods dendrobium candidum 300 kilograms, every strain dendrobium candidum average length 25 centimetres, rhizome is full, leaf color jade green.
dendrobium candidum soft rot and black spot control:
Embodiment 1
Per kilogram after the pulverizing of soapberry fruit is added 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks and obtains soapberry fruit soak, choose the clean milk of lime 10 kilograms of weight content 40-50%, levogyrate alpha-terpineol weight is 2 kilograms, soapberry fruit soak weight is 1 kilogram, mix, during use, thin up 100-300 doubly, gets filtrate and is sprayed onto on the rhizome of dendrobium candidum, for preventing and treating soft rot, control rate reaches 80%.
Embodiment 2
Per kilogram after the pulverizing of soapberry fruit is added 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks and obtains soapberry fruit soak, choose the clean milk of lime 7 kilograms of weight content 40-50%, levogyrate alpha-terpineol weight is 2 kilograms, soapberry fruit soak weight is 1 kilogram, mix, during use, thin up 100-300 doubly, gets filtrate and is sprayed onto on dendrobium candidum leaf and rhizome, for preventing and treating soft rot, control rate reaches 85%.
Embodiment 3
Per kilogram after the pulverizing of soapberry fruit is added 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks and obtains soapberry fruit soak, choose the clean milk of lime 12 kilograms of weight content 40-50%, levogyrate alpha-terpineol weight is 3 kilograms, soapberry fruit soak weight is 1 kilogram, mix, during use, thin up 100-300 doubly, gets filtrate and is sprayed onto on dendrobium candidum leaf and rhizome, for preventing and treating soft rot, control rate reaches 90%.
Embodiment 4
Per kilogram after the pulverizing of soapberry fruit is added 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks and obtains soapberry fruit soak, choose the clean milk of lime 13 kilograms of weight content 40-50%, levogyrate alpha-terpineol weight is 4 kilograms, soapberry fruit soak weight is 1 kilogram, mix, during use, thin up 100-300 doubly, gets filtrate and is sprayed onto on dendrobium candidum leaf and rhizome, for preventing and treating soft rot, control rate reaches 85%.
Embodiment 5
Per kilogram after the pulverizing of soapberry fruit is added 7 kilograms of hot-water soaks and obtains soapberry fruit soak, choose the clean milk of lime 15 kilograms of weight content 40-50%, levogyrate alpha-terpineol weight is 5 kilograms, soapberry fruit soak weight is 2 kilograms, mix, during use, thin up 100-300 doubly, gets filtrate and is sprayed onto on dendrobium candidum leaf and rhizome, for preventing and treating soft rot, control rate reaches 88%.
dendrobium candidum snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite prevent and treat embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Material composition and the parts by weight of control dendrobium candidum insect are: garlic 20 parts, bitter fruit leaf 10 parts, cushaw leaf 10 parts, polygonum flaccidum 20 parts, 1 part, surfactant, using method is smashed by above-mentioned material, add 5 ~ 10 times of water, boil half an hour, get filtrate and be sprayed onto plant and surrounding, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc.Surfactant be soapberry fruit pulverize after per kilogram add 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks obtain soapberry fruit soak.
Embodiment 2
Material composition and the parts by weight of control dendrobium candidum insect are: garlic 25 parts, bitter fruit leaf 12 parts, cushaw leaf 12 parts, polygonum flaccidum 25 parts, 2 parts, surfactant, using method is smashed by above-mentioned material, add 5 ~ 10 times of water, boil half an hour, get filtrate and be sprayed onto plant and surrounding, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc.Surfactant be soapberry fruit pulverize after per kilogram add 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks obtain soapberry fruit soak.
Embodiment 3
Material composition and the parts by weight of control dendrobium candidum insect are: garlic 30 parts, bitter fruit leaf 15 parts, cushaw leaf 5 parts, polygonum flaccidum 30 parts, 2 parts, surfactant, using method is smashed by above-mentioned material, add 5 ~ 10 times of water, boil half an hour, get filtrate and be sprayed onto plant and surrounding, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite etc.Surfactant be soapberry fruit pulverize after per kilogram add 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks obtain soapberry fruit soak.
Claims (2)
1. the implantation methods of a dendrobium candidum, it is characterized in that: beat powder with peat soil, peanut shell, pine chaff, pine bark and a small amount of bat ight soil raw material and make matrix, carry out high temperature 100-110 DEG C of process, gather the stem of noble dendrobium kind of high-quality on mountain, after sterilization processing, sowing, booth is transplanted to after 1 year, then take sunshade, control suitable temperature and moisture, the soft rot of control dendrobium candidum and black spot, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite;
The parts by weight of described matrix: peat soil 20 ~ 40 parts, peanut shell 10 ~ 20 parts, pine chaff 13 ~ 30 parts, pine bark 10 ~ 20 parts and bat guano 5 ~ 10 parts, these matrix need, by high temperature 100 ~ 110 DEG C of steam treatment, then within 20 days ~ 50 days, to form through fermentation of banking up;
The soft rot of described control dendrobium candidum and black spot use that the material composition of harmless bactericide is levogyrate alpha-terpineol, the mixture of milk of lime and surfactant, milk of lime parts by weight are 10-20 part, levogyrate alpha-terpineol parts by weight are 2-5 part, surfactant parts by weight are 1-2 part, thin up 100 times during use; Described surfactant is soak really of washing one's hands, and 1 kilogram of fruit of washing one's hands adds 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks and obtains.
2. the implantation methods of dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: material composition and the parts by weight of control dendrobium candidum snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite are: garlic 20 ~ 30 parts, bitter fruit leaf 10 ~ 15 parts, cushaw leaf 10-15 part, polygonum flaccidum 20 ~ 30 parts, surfactant 1-2 part, using method is smashed by above-mentioned material, adds 5 ~ 10 times of water, boil half an hour, get filtrate sprinkling, control snail, Jie's acarid, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm and two spotted spider mite; Surfactant be soapberry fruit pulverize after per kilogram add 10 kilograms of hot-water soaks obtain soapberry fruit soak.
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