CN102005381B - 等离子体处理装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种等离子体处理装置。在用于将处理气体导入到处理容器中的导入部中抑制碳系附作物的产生。本发明的等离子体处理装置(1)将被导入到处理容器(2)中的处理气体等离子体化以对衬底(W)进行处理,其中,在处理容器(2)的顶面上设有处理气体导入部(55),在导入部(55)形成有气体滞留部(61)和多个喷气孔(66),其中,气体滞留部(61)滞留从处理容器(2)的外部经由供应路径(52)提供的处理气体,喷气孔(66)连通气体滞留部(61)和处理容器(2)内部,在气体滞留部(61)中,与供应路径(52)的开口部(52a)相对的位置上没有设置喷气孔(66),喷气孔(66)的截面为扁平形状。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于半导体制造中的等离子体处理装置。
背景技术
以往,在半导体设备的制造领域中,使用以下等离子体处理装置:使微波从形成在径向线缝隙天线板(Radial Line Slot Antenna:RLSA)上的缝隙传播到处理容器内,并生成等离子体(例如,参照专利文献1)。该RLSA型的等离子体处理装置具有以下的优点:能够均匀地形成高密度且低电子温度的等离子体,并且能够对大型的半导体晶片均匀且高速地进行等离子体处理。作为该等离子体处理的一个例子,公知有以下工艺:利用CF系气体或CFH系气体对衬底的表面进行蚀刻。
在该等离子体处理装置中,微波经由配置在处理容器的顶面上的电介质被传播到处理容器内部。然后,通过微波的能量使得导入到处理容器内的处理气体等离子体化,进行衬底表面的蚀刻。通常,用于将处理气体导入到处理容器中的导入部例如被配置在处理容器的侧面。另外,最近,除了配置在处理容器的侧面的导入部之外,还在处理容器的顶面上设置处理气体导入部,通过使得从这些侧面的导入部和顶面上的导入部导入的处理气体的导入量的比最优,实现衬底表面的蚀刻均匀性(Radical DistributionControl:RDC)。
专利文献1:日本专利文献特开2009-99807号公报。
发明内容
然而,在以往的等离子体处理装置中,在用于向处理容器导入处理气体导入部中,存在产生碳系附着物的情况。并且,由于设置在导入部的喷气孔被该附着物堵塞,而可能无法顺畅地将处理气体导入到处理容器中。另外,通过喷气孔被附着物堵塞,改变来自侧面的导入部和顶面的导入部的处理气体导入量之间的平衡,可能破坏衬底表面的蚀刻的均匀性。另外,消除喷气孔堵塞的作业烦杂,降低了维护性。
本发明的目的在于在用于将处理气体导入到处理容器中的导入部抑制碳系附着物的产生。
根据本发明提供一种等离子体处理装置,所述等离子体处理装置将被导入到处理容器中的处理气体等离子体化以对衬底进行处理,其中,在所述处理容器的顶面上设有处理气体导入部,在所述导入部形成有气体滞留部和多个喷气孔,其中,所述气体滞留部滞留从处理容器的外部经由供应路径提供的处理气体,所述喷气孔连通所述气体滞留部和所述处理容器的内部,在所述气体滞留部中,与所述供应路径的开口部相对的位置上没有设置所述喷气孔,所述喷气孔的截面为扁平形状。
在所述气体滞留部的与所述供应路径的开口部相对的位置上也可以设有凹部,所述凹部接收从所述供应路径提供给所述气体滞留部的处理气体。在该情况下,所述供应路径的开口部可以位于例如所述气体滞留部的中央,所述喷气孔可以配置在以所述供应路径的开口部为中心的圆周方向上。所述喷气孔也可以具有在以所述供应路径的开口部为中心的圆周方向上长、并且在以所述供应路径的开口部为中心的半径方向上短的扁平的截面形状。另外,所述喷气孔可以形成在由例如导电性材料构成的喷气座上,所述喷气座可以被电接地。在该情况下,面对所述处理容器的内部的所述喷气座的表面上可以设置有提高剥离性的保护膜。另外,面对所述处理容器的内部的所述喷气孔的开口部的周边部可以为锥形。另外,可以在所述处理容器的顶面设有电介质窗,在从所述处理容器的内部朝上方看的状态下,所述喷气孔被所述电介质窗遮挡,从而成为无法直接看到所述喷气孔的状态。
根据本发明能够在用于将处理气体导入到处理容器中的导入部抑制碳系附着物的产生。因此,在将被导入到处理容器内的处理气体等离子体化以处理衬底的等离子体处理装置中,能够流畅地将处理气体导入到处理容器中。另外,良好地维持来自侧面的导入部和顶面的导入部的处理气体导入量之间的平衡,提高衬底表面的蚀刻均匀性。另外,减少消除喷气孔的堵塞的作业,提高维护性。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明实施方式所涉及的等离子体处理装置的简要构成的纵截面图;
图2是图1中的X-X截面图,表示电介质窗下表面的状态。
图3是设置在处理容器的顶面的处理气体导入部的放大截面图;
图4是安装在处理气体导入部的喷气部件的平面图;
图5是图4的Y-Y位置中的喷气部件的截面图;
图6是喷气孔的放大图;
图7是以往的处理气体导入部的放大截面图;
图8是比较例1~5和实施例1、2的喷气座的说明图;
图9是表示比较例1和实施例1的分离器中的压力和处理气体流量之间的关系的曲线图;
图10是表示比较例1和实施例1的气体滞留部中的内压和处理气体的流量之间的关系的曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图说明本发明的实施方式的一个例子。在本说明书以及附图中,对于实质上相同的构成要素标注同一个符号,从而省略重复说明。
如图1所示,该等离子体处理装置1具备圆筒形的处理容器2。处理容器2的上部开口,并且底部封闭。处理容器2由例如铝构成,并且被电接地。处理容器2的内壁表面被例如氧化铝等保护膜覆盖。
在处理容器2的底部设置有作为载放台的基座3,所述载放台用于载放作为衬底的例如半导体晶片(以下,称作晶片)W。基座3由例如铝构成,在基座3的内部设置有加热器5,所述加热器5通过从外部电源4供应的电力来发热。
处理容器2的底部连接有排气管11,排气管11用于通过真空泵等排气装置10来排出处理容器2内的气氛。
处理容器2的上部通过用于确保气密性的O环等密封部件15设置有由例如石英等电介质构成的电介质窗16。如图2所示,电介质窗16大致为圆盘形状。作为电介质窗16的材料也可以代替石英使用其他的电介质材料,例如Al2O3、AlN等陶瓷。
电介质窗16的上方设有平面形状的缝隙板,例如,圆板状的径向线缝隙天线板20。径向线缝隙天线板20由具有导电性的材料构成,例如由镀或涂了Ag、Au等的铜制的薄圆板构成。径向线缝隙天线板20上以多圈的同心圆形状配置有多个缝隙21。
径向线缝隙天线板20的上面配置有用于缩短微波的波长的电介质板25。电介质板25由例如Al2O3等电介质材料构成。作为电介质板25的材料代替Al2O3还可以使用其他的电介质材料,例如石英、AlN等陶瓷。电介质板25被导电性的盖子26覆盖。盖子26上设有圆环形的载热体流路27,通过在该载热体流路27中流动的载热体,将盖子26和电介质窗16维持在预定的温度。
盖子26的中央连接有同轴导波管30。同轴导波管30由内部导体31和外部导体32来构成。内部导体31贯穿电介质板25的中央与上述的径向线缝隙天线板20的上部中央连接。形成在径向线缝隙天线板20上的多个缝隙21都配置在以内部导体31为中心的多个圆周上。
微波供应装置35经由矩形导波管36和模式转换器37与同轴导波管30连接。在微波供应装置35产生的例如2.45GHz的微波经由矩形导波管36、模式转换器37、同轴导波管30、电介质板25、径向线缝隙天线板20被放射到电介质窗16。并且,此时通过微波在电介质窗16的下面形成电场,在处理容器2内生成等离子体。
与径向线缝隙天线板20连接的内部导体31的下端40形成为圆锥台形状。通过如上所述地内部导体31的下端40被形成为圆锥台形状,微波从同轴导波管30向电介质板25和径向线缝隙天线板20有效地传播。
从气体提供源50提供的处理气体被分离器(splitter)51分离,经由两个供应路径52、53被导入到处理容器2中。处理气体为例如氮气、Ar、氧气等用于生成等离子体的气体,例如使用CF系气体或CFH系气体等源气体等。
处理容器2内的顶面和内侧面设有处理气体导入部55、56。顶面的导入部55配置在处理容器2的顶面的中央。顶面的导入部55与贯穿30的内部导体31的一个供应路径52连接。
处理容器2的内侧面的多个导入部56以围绕载放在基座3上的晶片W的上方的方式分布设置在处理容器2的内侧面的圆周方向上。处理容器2的内侧面的导入部56与贯穿处理容器2的侧面的其他的供应路径53连接。并且,被分离器51分离的处理气体经由供应路径52、53从两个导入部55、56被导入到径向线缝隙天线板20内。
如图3所示,顶面的导入部55具有以下的构成:与同轴导波管30的内部导体31的下表面有间隙地配置有圆筒形状的喷气座(injector block)60。喷气座60由例如铝等导电性材料构成,并且喷气座60被电接地。内部导体31的下端面上安装有支撑块59,所述支撑块59与喷气座60的上表面具有适当的间隔。在该支撑块59和内部导体31的下端面之间支撑有径向线缝隙天线板20。贯穿内部导体31和支撑块59的供应路径52的开口部52a位于支撑块59的下表面的中央。支撑块59的下表面和喷气座60的上表面之间形成有以开口部52a圆筒形的气体滞留部61。
电介质窗16的中央设有用于保持喷气座60的保持部62。保持部62的上半部成为了具有可容纳喷气座60的大小的圆筒形的空间。保持部62的下半部设有圆锥形的锥面63,锥面63越往下半径越小。
喷气座60的上表面的中央设有接收从内部导体31的下表面中央的开口部52a提供给气体滞留部61的处理气体的凹部65。该凹部65与供应路径52的开口部52a相对配置。
如图4、5所示,喷气座60上形成有多个连通气体滞留部61和处理容器2的内部的喷气孔66。喷气孔66没有设置在与内部导体31的下表面的中央(支撑块59的下表面中央)的开口部52a相对的位置,多个喷气孔66都设置在凹部65的周围。
喷气孔66都具有在以凹部65为中心的圆周方向上长且在以凹部65为中心的半径方向上短的扁平的截面形状。考虑电子的平均自由程和电导,喷气孔66在半径方向的宽度t为例如小于1mm(优选的是0.3~0.5mm左右),圆周方向的长度L例如几mm~十几mm左右。在图示的例子中,多个喷气孔66配置在以凹部65为中心的3圈的圆周上。
由于保持喷气座60的保持部62的下半部形成为了圆锥形的锥面63,因此,如图2所示,在从处理容器2的内部朝上方看的状态下,成为被电介质窗16遮挡而无法直接看到喷气孔66的状态。
如图6所示,喷气座60的下表面设有针对气体的保护膜67。保护膜67由例如氧化钇构成。出现于喷气座60的下表面的喷气孔66的开口部的周边部66a形成为锥形。在如上形成为锥形的喷气孔66的开口部的周边部66a也设置有保护膜67。
接下来,说明如上所述地构成的等离子体处理装置1的作用。作为等离子体处理装置的一个例子,说明使用包含Ar、氧气等等离子体生成气体和CF系气体、CFH系气体等源气体在内的处理气体来对晶片W的表面进行蚀刻的例子。
如图1所示,在该等离子体处理装置1中,首先,晶片W被运入处理容器2内,并在放在基座3上。然后,从排气管11进行排气,处理容器2内被减压。并且,从气体提供源50向处理容器2内导入包含Ar、氧气等等离子体生成气体和CF系气体、CFH系气体等源气体在内的处理气体。
从设置在处理容器2的顶面和内侧面上的导入部55、56同时进行对处理容器2的处理气体的导入。通过分离器51调整来自导入部55、56的处理气体导入量的比,以对晶片W的表面整体进行均匀的蚀刻处理。
然后,通过微波供应装置35工作,在电介质窗16的下面产生电场,处理气体被等离子体化,通过此时产生的活性粒子(active species),对晶片W表面进行蚀刻处理。然后,在进行预定时间的蚀刻处理之后,停止微波供应装置35的工作,并且停止向处理容器2内提供处理气体,晶片W被从处理容器2内运出,结束一系列的等离子体蚀刻处理。
然而,在如上的等离子体处理装置1中,通过使处理气体等离子体化,特别是在设置在处理容器2的顶面的导入部55,在喷气座60的喷气孔66容易附着碳系附着物。并且,一旦喷气孔66被盖附着物堵塞,则无法将处理气体流畅地导入到处理容器2内。并且,来自处理容器2的内侧面的导入部56和顶面的55的处理气体的导入量之间的平衡被改变,破坏对晶片W表面的蚀刻的均匀性。
在这里,对于以往的处理气体导入部讨论了对喷气孔的碳系附着物的产生原因。如图7所示,以往的处理处理气体导入部100具有以下构成:在圆筒形的喷气座101的整体上分布形成有多个喷气孔102。各喷气孔102具有直径为0.5mm左右的圆形截面形状。喷气座101的上表面为平面,不存在相当于凹部65的构件。另外,在喷气座101的下表面的整体上均匀分布有多个喷气孔102的开口,在与内部导体31的下表面中央的开口部52a相对的位置上也设有喷气孔102。
由于这样的以往的处理气体导入部100的各喷气孔102的截面积小,因此当从供应路径52提供给气体滞留部61的处理气体通过喷气孔102时的阻抗大,并且气体滞留部61的内压成为高压状态。并且,在处理气体以高浓度滞留在气体滞留部61内部的状态下,可以推测出:处理容器2内的电子等从喷气孔102朝向气体滞留部61进入,处理气体在喷气孔102的内部被等离子体化,碳系附着物被附着到喷气孔66。
另外,在以往的处理气体导入部100中,处理气体集中地流入位于与内部导体31的下表面中央的开口部52a相对的位置上的喷气孔102,流入到位于远离内部导体31的下表面中央(支撑块59的下表面中央)的开口部52a的位置的喷气孔102的处理气体的流入量变少。因此,即使增加喷气孔102的数量,也难以有效地降低气体滞留部61的内压。另外,均匀地设置多个直径为0.5mm左右的喷气孔102的加工是困难的。
与此相对,在本实施方式所示的等离子体处理装置1中,设置在导入部55的喷气座60的喷气孔66具有扁平的截面形状,圆周方向的长度L与以往的喷气孔102的直径(0.5mm左右)足够长。因此,根据本发明的实施方式的等离子体处理装置1,喷气孔66的截面积与以往相比相当大,处理气体容易从气体滞留部61漏到处理容器2内。由此,气体滞留部61的内压降低,气体滞留部61内的处理气体的浓度也降低。喷气孔102不与气体滞留部61相通,处理气体难以被电子等等离子体化。其结果是,即便例如处理容器2内的电子等从喷气孔102朝向气体滞留部61进入,处理气体在喷气孔102内部被等离子体化的可能性也降低,可以避免碳系附着物附着到喷气孔66的问题。
另外,该实施方式的等离子体处理装置1没有在与内部导体31的下表面中央(支撑块59的下表面中央)的开口部52a相对的位置设置喷气孔66,而是多个喷气孔66都配置在凹部065的周围。因此,从贯穿内部导体31的中心的供应路径52提供给气体滞留部61的处理气体从气体滞留部61的中央向周边部部扩散之后,流入各喷气孔66。因此,处理气体以几乎相等的状态(压力)流入多个喷气孔66,能够有效地降低气体滞留部61的内压。在该情况下,由于在喷气座60的上表面的中央设有凹部65,因此,通过供应路径52流进来的处理气体的趋势(惯性)在当流入凹部65时被显著降低。其结果是,从供应路径52提供给气体滞留部61的处理气体扩散到气体滞留部61的整体,从设置在喷气座60的所有喷气孔66被导入到处理容器2内。由此,有效地降低气体滞留部61的内压,气体滞留部61内的处理气体的浓度降低,并且进一步回避对于喷气孔66的碳系附着物的附着。
另外,在本实施方式的等离子体处理装置1中,在从处理容器2的内部看上方的状态下,由于被电介质窗16遮挡而成为从处理容器2的内部无法直接看到多个喷气孔66中的任一个的状态。因此,在处理容器2内部生成的电子等难以进入喷气孔66,难以对喷气孔66产生碳系附着物。
另外,喷气座60由例如铝等导电性材料构成,并且喷气座60电接地。因此,即使电子进入了喷气孔66的情况下,通过与喷气孔66的内壁表面接触,电子也容易被捕获(trap)。在该情况下,喷气孔66的宽度t例如为0.55mm这样窄,因此电子不与喷气孔66的内壁表面接触就到达气体滞留部61的可能性极低。
另外,通过设置在喷气座60的下表面的氧化钇等保护膜67保护喷气座60的下表面。在该情况下,由于在形成为锥形的喷气孔66的开口部的周边部66a也设置有保护膜67,因此从气体保护喷气孔66的开口部。另外,通过将喷气孔66的开口部形成为锥形,能够容易地在开口部的周边部66a设置保护膜67。
因此,根据本实施方式的等离子体装置1,能够流畅地进行对处理容器2的处理气体的导入。另外,良好地维持来自处理容器2的顶面的导入部55和内侧面的导入部56的处理气体的导入量之间的平衡,提高对晶片W的表面的蚀刻均匀性。另外,减少消除喷气孔66的堵塞的作业,提高维护性。
以上,虽然说明的本发明的优先的实施方式的一个例子,然而,本发明不限于这里例示的方式。只要是本领域技术人员就可以在权利要求书的记载范围内获得各种变形例或修正例,这些也当然属于本发明的技术范围内。
例如,通过在喷气座60的上表面或喷气孔66的内表面实施渗铝处理(alumite treatment),能够提高喷气座60的上表面和喷气孔66的内表面的耐久性。在该情况下,也可以将喷气座60的上表面上的喷气孔66的入口部的周边部形成为锥形。形成在喷气座60上的多个喷气孔66的大小既可以相同,也可以不同。另外,多个喷气孔66的也可以配置成例如漩涡形。
在以上的实施方式中,将本发明适用在了进行蚀刻处理的等离子体处理装置1,然而你,本发明也可以适用于蚀刻处理之外的衬底处理,例如也可以适用于进行成膜处理的等离子体处理装置中。另外,在本发明的等离子体处理装置中处理的衬底可以是半导体衬底、有机EL衬底、FPD(平板显示器)用衬底等中的任一个。
考察了设置在喷气座上的喷气孔的截面形状和气体滞留部的内压之间的关系。
(比较例1(现有示例))
如图8的(a)所示,比较例1在厚度为8mm的圆板形状的喷气座101上形成了19个直径为0.5mm的圆形截面形状的喷气孔102。在作为与处理气体的供应路径的开口部相对的位置的、喷气座101的中央也设置了喷气孔102。喷气座101的上表面为平面,并没有凹部。
(比较例2)
如图8的(b)所示,比较例2在厚度为8mm的圆板形状的喷气座101上形成了324个直径为0.5mm的圆形截面形状的喷气孔102。在作为与处理气体的供应路径的开口部相对的位置的、喷气座101的中央没有设置喷气孔102。喷气座101的上表面的中央设有凹部65。
(比较例3)
如图8的(c)所示,比较例3在厚度为4mm的圆板形状的喷气座101上形成了324个直径为0.5mm的圆形截面形状的喷气孔102。在作为与处理气体的供应路径的开口部相对的位置的、喷气座101的中央没有设置喷气孔102。喷气座101的上表面的中央设有凹部65。
(比较例4)
如图8的(d)所示,比较例4在厚度为8mm的圆板形状的喷气座101上形成了48个直径为0.5mm的圆形截面形状的喷气孔102。在作为与处理气体的供应路径的开口部相对的位置的、喷气座101的中央没有设置喷气孔102。喷气座101的上表面的中央设有凹部65。
(实施例1)
如图8的(e)所示,实施例1在厚度为8mm的圆板形状的喷气座60上形成了24个具有扁平的截面形状的喷气孔66。喷气孔66的喷气座60的半径方向上的宽度t为0.5mm、圆周方向上的长度L为几mm~十几mm。在作为与处理气体的供应路径的开口部相对的位置的、喷气座60的中央没有设置喷气孔66。喷气座101的上表面的中央设有凹部65。
(实施例2)
如图8的(f)所示,实施例2在厚度为8mm的圆板形状的喷气座60上形成了12个具有扁平的截面形状的喷气孔66。喷气孔66的喷气座60的半径方向上的宽度t为0.5mm、圆周方向上的长度L为几mm~十几mm。在作为与处理气体的供应路径的开口部相对的位置的、喷气座60的中央没有设置喷气孔66。喷气座101的上表面的中央设有凹部65。
(比较例5)
如图8的(g)所示,比较例5在厚度为8mm的圆板形状的喷气座101的中央上仅形成了1个直径为2.5mm的圆形截面形状的喷气孔102。该喷气孔102位于与处理气体的供应路径的开口部相对的位置。喷气座101的上表面为平面,并没有凹部。
对于这些比较例1~5和实施例1、2的喷气座,测量气体滞留部的内压和处理容器的内压之间的差。测量是在使Ar气体以100mtorr、100sccm流动的状态下进行的。将比较例1~5和实施例1、2的气体滞留部的内压和处理容器的内压的测量结果表示在表1中。
表1
根据表1的结果,实施例1、2的喷气座与比较例1~5的喷气座相比气体滞留部的内压和处理器的内压之间的差小。
接下来,关于比较例1的喷气座,改变流量,测量气体滞留部的内压的改变。在50~100sccm的范围内改变Ar气体(100mtorr)的流量。将其结果表示在图9、10中。如图9所示,在成为供应侧的分离器中,比较例1的压力A和实施例1的压力B基本上成比例地上升。与此相对,如图10所示,在实施例1中气体滞留部的内压D与流量的增加无关地几乎不变。另一方面,在比较例1中,气体滞留部的内压C与流量成比例地上升。
本发明应用于例如半导体制造领域。
Claims (9)
1.一种等离子体处理装置,所述等离子体处理装置将被导入到处理容器中的处理气体等离子体化以对衬底进行处理,其中,
在所述处理容器的顶面上设有处理气体的导入部,
在所述导入部形成有气体滞留部和多个喷气孔,其中,所述气体滞留部滞留从处理容器的外部经由供应路径提供的处理气体,所述喷气孔连通所述气体滞留部和所述处理容器的内部,
在所述气体滞留部中,与所述供应路径的开口部相对的位置上没有设置所述喷气孔,
所述喷气孔的截面为扁平形状。
2.如权利要求1所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
在所述气体滞留部的与所述供应路径的开口部相对的位置上设有凹部,所述凹部接收从所述供应路径提供给所述气体滞留部的处理气体。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
所述供应路径的开口部位于所述气体滞留部的中央,
所述喷气孔配置在以所述供应路径的开口部为中心的圆周方向上。
4.如权利要求3所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
所述喷气孔具有在以所述供应路径的开口部为中心的圆周方向上长、并且在以所述供应路径的开口部为中心的半径方向上短的扁平的截面形状。
5.如权利要求4所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
所述喷气孔在以所述供应路径的开口部为中心的半径方向上的宽度小于等于1mm、圆周方向上的长度为几mm至十几mm。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
所述喷气孔形成在由导电性材料构成的喷气座上,
所述喷气座被电接地。
7.如权利要求6所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
面对所述处理容器的内部的所述喷气座的表面上设置有提高剥离性的保护膜。
8.如权利要求7所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
面对所述处理容器的内部的所述喷气孔的开口部的周边部为锥形。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的等离子体处理装置,其中,
在所述处理容器的顶面设有电介质窗,在从所述处理容器的内部朝上方看的状态下,所述喷气孔被所述电介质窗遮挡,从而成为无法直接看到所述喷气孔的状态。
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TW201125034A (en) | 2011-07-16 |
TWI440084B (zh) | 2014-06-01 |
US10062547B2 (en) | 2018-08-28 |
CN102005381A (zh) | 2011-04-06 |
US20140338602A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
JP5457109B2 (ja) | 2014-04-02 |
KR20110025064A (ko) | 2011-03-09 |
US8920596B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
US20110048642A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
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KR101094723B1 (ko) | 2011-12-16 |
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