CN101932321B - 包括sglt抑制剂与dpp4抑制剂的组合疗法 - Google Patents
包括sglt抑制剂与dpp4抑制剂的组合疗法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101932321B CN101932321B CN200980102300.8A CN200980102300A CN101932321B CN 101932321 B CN101932321 B CN 101932321B CN 200980102300 A CN200980102300 A CN 200980102300A CN 101932321 B CN101932321 B CN 101932321B
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Abstract
本发明涉及组合疗法,其包括DPP4抑制剂与SGLT抑制剂。本发明的组合导致增加血浆中活性GLP-1浓度,并且该组合对于病症如糖尿病和与糖尿病相关疾病的预防或治疗是有用的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于提高哺乳动物血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的组合物与方法。本发明还涉及一种通过提高血浆中活性GLP-1浓度来减轻病症的组合物与方法。
背景技术
似胰增血糖素肽-1(GLP-1)是一种在摄取食物后,在下小肠道中L-细胞释出的肠促胰岛素激素。已显示GLP-1会刺激胰脏β-细胞随葡萄糖的变化分泌胰岛素,并提高胰脏β-细胞质量。还显示GLP-1可降低胃排空速率,并促进饱足感。然而,GLP-1会被二肽基肽酶4(DPP4)迅速裂解,使其失去生物活性。因此,认为DPP4抑制剂可用作抗糖尿病剂或抗肥胖症剂。
主要存在于肠与肾的钠-葡萄糖共同转运子(SGLT)是涉及葡萄糖吸收的蛋白质家族。血浆中葡萄糖在肾小球中过滤,被近曲小管中的SGLT再吸收。因此,抑制SGLT会使血糖排出进入尿中,导致降低血浆中葡萄糖浓度。事实上,证实通过对糖尿病动物模型连续皮下投予SLGT抑制剂,根皮苷(phlorizin),可使其血糖浓度恢复正常,并且通过长期保持正常血糖浓度,可以改善胰岛素分泌与胰岛素抗性[参见JournalofClinicalInvestigation,vol.79,p.1510(1987);如上述文献,vol.80,p.1037(1987);如上述文献,vol.87,p.561(1991)]。
此外,通过采用SGLT抑制剂长期治疗糖尿病动物模型中,可以改善动物模型的胰岛素分泌反应与胰岛素敏感性,而不会对肾脏产生任何不良影响或造成血中电解质浓度失衡,结果,可以预防糖尿病性肾病变与糖尿病性神经病变发作及发展[参见JournalofMedicinalChemistry,vol.42,p.5311(1999);BritishJournalofPharmacology,vol.132,p.578(2001)]。
依据上述观点,期望SGLT抑制剂通过降低糖尿病患者的血糖浓度来改善胰岛素分泌与胰岛素抗性,并预防糖尿病与糖尿病并发症发作及发展。
发明内容
本发明的发明人已发现,将SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂组合投药时,在提高患者血浆中活性GLP-1浓度方面,比单独投予SGLT抑制剂或DPP4抑制剂时,更具有令人意外的协同效应。
因此,一方面,本发明涉及组合SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂,使该组合在提高患者血浆中活性GLP-1浓度方面,比单独的SGLT抑制剂或DPP4抑制剂具有更佳效果。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合用于预防或治疗某些与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病的用途。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种包含SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的医药组合物,该医药组合物用于预防或治疗某些与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度相关的疾病。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种预防或治疗某些与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病的方法,其包括对有此需要的患者投予治疗有效量的包含SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的医药组合物。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂用于制造药剂的用途,该药剂用于预防或治疗某些与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种产品,其包含SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂作为组合制剂,供同时、分开或连续投药,以用于预防或治疗与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病。
具体实施方式
本文所采用的术语“糖尿病”包括胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(也称为第1型糖尿病)与非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(也称为第2型糖尿病)两者。
术语“与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病”包括糖尿病、糖尿病相关病症、肥胖症、心肌梗塞、中风、学习力受损、记忆力受损与神经退化性病变。
术语“糖尿病相关病症”包括血糖过高、葡萄糖耐量异常、空腹葡萄糖异常、胰岛素抗性、胰脏β-细胞缺陷、肠内分泌细胞缺陷、糖尿、代谢性酸中毒、白内障、糖尿病性肾病变、糖尿病性神经病变、糖尿病性视网膜病变、糖尿病性冠状动脉疾病、糖尿病性脑血管疾病、糖尿病性周边血管疾病、代谢症候群、血脂过高、动脉粥样硬化、中风、高血压与肥胖症。
术语“卤素”或“卤代”是指氯、溴、氟与碘,优选氯与氟。
术语“烷基”意指具有1至12个碳原子的直链或支化饱和单价烃链,除非另有说明。优选具有1至6个碳原子的直链或支化链烷基,更优选具有1至4个碳原子的直链或支化链烷基。烷基实例包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、叔丁基、异丁基、戊基、己基、异己基、庚基、4,4-二甲基戊基、辛基、2,2,4-三甲基戊基、壬基、癸基及其各种支化链异构体。此外,若需要时,该烷基可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下列出的取代基取代。
术语“亚烷基”意指具有1至12个碳原子的直链或支化二价饱和烃链,除非另有说明。优选具有1至6个碳原子的直链或支化链亚烷基,更优选具有1至4个碳原子的直链或支化链亚烷基。亚烷基的实例包括亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基与三亚甲基。若需要时,与上述“烷基”类似,亚烷基可任选地被取代。
当亚烷基连接在苯环的两个不同碳原子上时,它们可与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成稠合的5、6或7元碳环,且可任选地被一个或多个如下定义的取代基取代。
术语“烯基”意指具有2至12个碳原子及具有至少一个双键的直链或支化单价烃链,除非另有说明。优选″烯基″是具有2至6个碳原子的直链或支化链烯基,更优选具有2至4个碳原子的直链或支化链烯基。烯基的实例包括乙烯基、2-丙烯基、3-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、4-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、2-庚烯基、3-庚烯基、4-庚烯基、3-辛烯基、3-壬烯基、4-癸烯基、3-十一碳烯基、4-十二碳烯基,与4,8,12-十四碳三烯基。若需要时,烯基可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“亚烯基”意指具有2至12个碳原子且具有至少一个双键的直链或支化二价烃链,除非另有说明。优选具有2至6个碳原子的直链或支化链亚烯基,且更优选具有2至4个碳原子的直链或支化链亚烯基。亚烯基的实例包括亚乙烯基、亚丙烯基、亚丁二烯基。若需要时,亚烯基可任选地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
当亚烯基连接在苯环的2个不同碳原子上时,其与所连接的碳原子一起形成稠合的5、6或7元碳环(例如:稠合苯环),且可任选地被一个或多个如下定义的取代基取代。
术语“炔基”意指具有至少一个叁键的直链或支化单价烃链,除非另有说明。优选的炔基是具有2至6个碳原子的直链或支化链炔基,更优选具有2至4个碳原子的直链或支化链炔基。″炔基″的实例包括2-丙炔基、3-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、4-戊炔基、3-戊炔基、2-己炔基、3-己炔基、2-庚炔基、3-庚炔基、4-庚炔基、3-辛炔基、3-壬炔基、4-癸炔基、3-十一碳炔基与4-十二碳炔基。若需要时,炔基可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“环烷基”意指具有3至12个碳原子的单环或双环单价饱和烃环,除非另有说明,且更优选具有3至7个碳原子的单环饱和烃基。环烷基实例包括单环与双环烷基,如:环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基与环癸基。若需要时,这些基团可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。该环烷基可任选地与饱和烃环或不饱和烃环缩合(若需要时,该饱和烃环与不饱和烃环的环内可任选地包含氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、SO或SO2),且该缩合饱和烃环与缩合不饱和烃环可任选地、独立的被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“亚环烷基”意指具有3至12个碳原子的单环或双环二价饱和烃环,除非另有说明,优选具有3至6个碳原子的单环饱和烃基。“亚环烷基”的实例包括单环与双环亚烷基,如:亚环丙基、亚环丁基、亚环戊基与亚环己基。若需要时,这些基团可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。此外,该亚环烷基可任选地与饱和烃环或不饱和烃环缩合(若需要时,该饱和烃环与不饱和烃环的环内可任选地包括氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、SO或SO2),且该缩合饱和烃环与不饱和烃环可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“环烯基”意指具有4至12个碳原子且具有至少一个双键的单环或双环单价不饱和烃环,除非另有说明。优选的环烯基是具有4至7个碳原子的单环不饱和烃基。″环烯基″的实例包括单环烯基,如:环戊烯基、环戊二烯基及环己烯基。若需要时,这些基团可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。此外,该环烯基可任选地与饱和烃环或不饱和烃环缩合(若需要时,该饱和烃环与不饱和烃环的环内可任选地包含氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、SO或SO2),且该缩合饱和烃环与不饱和烃环可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“环炔基”意指具有6至12个碳原子且具有至少一个叁键的单环或双环不饱和烃环,除非另有说明。优选的环炔基是具有6至8个碳原子的单环不饱和烃基。“环炔基”的实例包括单环炔基,如:环辛炔基与环癸炔基。若需要时,这些基团可任选地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。此外,环炔基可任选地、独立地与饱和烃环或不饱和烃环缩合(若需要时,该饱和烃环与不饱和烃环的环内可任选地包含氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、SO或SO2),且该缩合饱和烃环或不饱和烃环可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“芳基”意指具有6至10个碳原子的单环或双环单价芳香族烃基,除非另有说明。芳基的实例包括苯基与萘基(包括1-萘基与2-萘基)。若需要时,这些基团可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。此外,芳基可任选地与饱和烃环或不饱和烃环缩合(若需要时,该饱和烃环与不饱和烃环的环内可任选地包含氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、SO或SO2),且该缩合饱和烃环或不饱和烃环可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“不饱和单环状杂环环”是指包含1至4个独立地选自氮原子、氧原子与硫原子中的杂原子的不饱和烃环,优选的的是包含1至4个独立地选自氮原子、氧原子与硫原子的杂原子的4至7元饱和或不饱和烃环,除非另有说明。不饱和单环状杂环环的实例是吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、呋喃、噻吩、吡咯、咪唑、吡唑、噁唑、异噁唑、4,5-二氢噁唑基、噻唑、异噻唑、噻二唑、三唑与四唑。其中以吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、呋喃、噻吩、吡咯、咪唑、噁唑与噻唑较适用。若需要时,不饱和单环状杂环环可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“不饱和稠合杂双环环”意指由与上述不饱和单环状杂环环缩合的饱和或不饱和烃环组成的烃环,其中若需要时,该饱和烃环与该不饱和烃环的环内可任选地包含氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、SO或SO2。该不饱和稠合杂双环环的实例包括苯并噻吩、吲哚、四氢苯并噻吩、苯并呋喃、异喹啉、噻吩并噻吩、噻吩并吡啶、喹啉、吲哚啉、异吲哚啉、苯并噻唑、苯并噁唑、吲唑及二氢异喹啉。此外,该“杂环环”也包括其可能的N-或S-氧化物。
术语“杂环基”意指上述不饱和单环状杂环环或不饱和稠合杂双环环的单价基团,及上述不饱和单环状杂环环或不饱和稠合杂双环环的饱和型的单价基团。若需要时,该杂环基可任选地、独立地被1至4个如下提及的取代基取代。
术语“烷酰基”包括甲酰基及与羰基连接的烷基,除非另有说明。
术语“烷氧基”包括与氧连接的烷基,除非另有说明。
上述各基团的取代基的实例包括卤素(例如:氟、氯、溴及碘)、硝基、氰基、侧氧基(OXO)、羟基、巯基、羧基、磺酸基、烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、亚环烷基甲基、环烯基、环炔基、芳基、杂环基、烷氧基、烯基氧基、炔基氧基、环烷基氧基、环烯基氧基、环炔基氧基、芳基氧基、杂环基氧基、烷酰基、烯基羰基、炔基羰基、环烷基羰基、环烯基羰基、环炔基羰基、芳基羰基、杂环基羰基、烷氧基羰基、烯基氧羰基、炔基氧羰基、环烷基氧羰基、环烯基氧羰基、环炔基氧羰基、芳基氧羰基、杂环基氧羰基、烷酰基氧基、烯基羰基氧基、炔基羰基氧基、环烷基羰基氧基、环烯基羰基氧基、环炔基羰基氧基、芳基羰基氧基、杂环基羰基氧基、烷基硫基、烯基硫基、炔基硫基、环烷基硫基、环烯基硫基、环炔基硫基、芳基硫基、杂环基硫基、氨基、单或二-烷基氨基、单-或二-烷酰基氨基、单-或二-烷氧基羰基氨基、单-或二-芳基羰基氨基、烷基亚磺酰基氨基、烷基磺酰基氨基、芳基亚磺酰基氨基、芳基磺酰基氨基、氨基甲酰基、单-或二-烷基氨基甲酰基、单或二-芳基氨基甲酰基、烷基亚磺酰基、烯基亚磺酰基、炔基亚磺酰基、环烷基亚磺酰基、环烯基亚磺酰基、环炔基亚磺酰基、芳基亚磺酰基、杂环基亚磺酰基、烷基磺酰基、烯基磺酰基、炔基磺酰基、环烷基磺酰基、环烯基磺酰基、环炔基磺酰基、芳基磺酰基、与杂环基磺酰基。上述各基团可任选地被这些取代基取代。
此外,术语如卤代烷基、卤代-低碳数烷基、卤代烷氧基、卤代-低碳数烷氧基、卤代苯基及卤代杂环基意指分别被一个或多个卤素取代的烷基、低碳数烷基、烷氧基、低碳数烷氧基、苯基或杂环基(下文中称作“烷基,等等”)。优选的实例包括被1至7个卤素取代的烷基,等等,更优选的实例包括被1至5个卤素取代的烷基,等等。同样地,术语如羟基烷基、羟基-低碳数烷基、羟基烷氧基、羟基-低碳数烷氧基与羟基苯基意指被一个或多个羟基取代的烷基,等等。优选的实例包括被1至4个羟基取代的烷基,等等,更优选的实例包括被1至2个羟基取代的烷基,等等。此外,术语如烷氧基烷基、低碳数烷氧基烷基、烷氧基-低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基-低碳数烷基、烷氧基烷氧基、低碳数烷氧基烷氧基、烷氧基-低碳数烷氧基、低碳数烷氧基-低碳数烷氧基、烷氧基苯基与低碳数烷氧基苯基是指被一个或多个烷氧基取代的烷基,等等。优选的实例包括被1至4个烷氧基取代的烷基,等等,更优选的实例包括被1至2个烷氧基取代的烷基,等等。
单独使用或作为另一个基团的一部分的术语“芳基烷基”与“芳基烷氧基”是指具有芳基取代基的如上述烷基与烷氧基。
本说明书中化学式定义中采用的术语“低碳数”意指具有1至6个碳原子的直链或支化碳链,除非另有说明。更优选地,其意指具有1至4个碳原子的直链或支化碳链。
术语“前药”意指由本发明组合疗法所采用化合物中一个或多个羟基与酰化剂利用传统方法反应形成的酯或碳酸酯。酯的实例包括乙酸酯、特戊酸酯、甲基-碳酸酯与苯甲酸酯。此外,术语“前药”也指同样由本发明组合疗法所采用化合物中一个或多个羟基与α-氨基酸或β-氨基酸利用缩合剂,采用传统方法反应形成的酯或酰胺。
SGLT抑制剂或DPP4抑制剂的医药上可接受的盐的实例包括与碱金属(例如:锂、钠及钾)形成的盐;与碱土金属(例如:钙及镁)形成的盐;与锌或铝形成的盐;与有机碱(例如:氨、胆碱、二乙醇胺、赖氨酸、乙二胺、叔丁基胺、叔辛基胺、叁(羟基甲基)氨基甲烷、N-甲基-葡萄糖胺、三乙醇胺与去氢松香基胺)形成的盐;与无机酸(例如:盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硫酸、硝酸与磷酸)形成的盐;与有机酸(例如:甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸与苯磺酸)形成的盐;及与酸性氨基酸(例如:天冬氨酸及谷氨酸)形成的盐。
此外,本文所采用的术语“医药上可接受的盐”包括其溶剂合物与水合物。
明显的是本发明的组合物或组合所采用的某些化合物的结构中可能具有一个或多个不对称碳原子。因此本发明范围内包括该化合物的纯立体化学异构形式及其消旋物。纯立体化学异构形式可依本领域熟练人员公知的方法制得。非对映异构体可利用物理性分离法如分段结晶与色谱技术分离,且对映异构体可利用与光学活性酸或碱形成的非对映异构性盐进行选择性结晶或利用手性色谱法而相互分离。纯立体异构体也可由适当的纯立体化学原料合成制备,或通过使用立体专一性反应制备。
SGLT抑制剂是本领域熟练人员公知的,且SGLT抑制剂的实例已在许多公开文献或专利文献中描述。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO01/27128小册子中的由式(1)表示的C-芳基葡糖苷,及其医药上可接受的盐、其所有立体异构体与其所有前药酯类:
其中:
R1、R2与R2a独立地为氢、OH、OR5、烷基、CF3、OCHF2、OCF3、SR5i或卤素,或R1、R2与R2a中的二者与其所连接的碳一起形成稠合的5、6或7元碳环或杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子;
R3与R4独立地为氢、OH、OR5a、O芳基、OCH2芳基、烷基、环烷基、CF3、-OCHF2、-OCF3、卤素、-CN、-CO2R5b、-CO2H、-COR6b、-CH(OH)R6c、-CH(OR5h)R6d、-CONR6R6a、-NHCOR5c、-NHSO2R5d、-NHSO2芳基、芳基、-SR5e、-SOR5f、-SO2R5g、-SO2芳基,或5、6或7元杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子,或R3与R4与其所连接的碳一起形成稠合的5、6或7元碳环或杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子;
R5、R5a、R5b、R5c、R5d、R5e、R5f、R5g、R5h与R5i独立地为烷基;
R6、R6a、R6b、R6c与R6d独立地为氢、烷基、芳基、烷基芳基或环烷基,或R6与R6a与其所连接的氮一起形成稠合的5、6或7元杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子;
A是O、S、NH或(CH2)n,其中n是0至3。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是式(2)表示的达普列净(Dapagliflozin),其医药上可接受的盐、其立体异构体或其前药酯类:
在本发明另一优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2006/034489小册子中的由式(3)表示的C-芳基葡糖苷化合物,其医药上可接受的盐、其立体异构体或其前药酯类:
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO01/74834小册子中的由式(4)表示的O-芳基葡糖苷化合物,与其医药上可接受的盐、其所有立体异构体与其所有前药酯类:
其中,Y是
或杂芳基;
R1、R2、R3与R4相同或不同,独立地选自氢、OH、OR7、低碳数烷基或卤素,或R1、R2、R3、与R4中二者与其所连接的碳一起形成稠合的5、6或7元碳环或杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子;
R5与R6相同或不同,独立地选自氢、OH、OR7a、-O芳基、-OCH2芳基、低碳数烷基、环烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、CF3、芳基烯基、-OCHF2、-OCF3、卤素、-CN、-CO2R7b、-CO2H、COR8f、CHOHR8g、CH(OR7h)R8h、-CONR8R8a、-NHCOR7C、-NHSO2R7d、-NHSO2芳基、-SR7e、-SOR7f、-SO2R7g、-SO2芳基、-OCH2CO2R7i、-OCH2CO2H、-OCH2CONR8bR8c、-OCH2CH2NR8dR8e或5、6或7元杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子,或R5与R6与其所连接的碳一起形成稠合的5、6或7元碳环或杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子;
R7、R7a、R7b、R7c、R7d、R7e、R7f、R7g、R7h与R7i独立地为低碳数烷基;
R8、R8a、R8b、R8c、R8d、R8e、R8f、R8g与R8h相同或不同,独立地选自氢、烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、环烷基,或与其所连接的氮一起形成稠合的5、6或7元杂环,该杂环中可包含1至4个是N、O、S、SO和/或SO2的杂原子;
A是O(CH2)m、S、NH(CH2)m或(CH2)n,其中n是0至3,m是0至2。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO02/028872小册子中的吡喃葡萄糖基氧基苯甲基苯衍生物,其由式(5)表示:
其中,P表示形成前药的基团;R表示低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、低碳数烷基硫基、被低碳数烷氧基取代的低碳数烷基、被低碳数烷氧基取代的低碳数烷氧基或被低碳数烷氧基取代的低碳数烷基硫基。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO01/68660小册子中的由式(6)表示的吡喃葡萄糖基氧基苯甲基苯衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,R1表示氢或羟基(低碳数烷基);R2表示低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、低碳数烷基硫基、羟基(低碳数烷基)、羟基(低碳数烷氧基)、羟基(低碳数烷基硫基)、被低碳数烷氧基取代的(低碳数烷基)、被低碳数烷氧基取代的(低碳数烷氧基)或被低碳数烷氧基取代的(低碳数烷基硫基)。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是由式(7)表示的舍格列净(Sergliflozin):
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是由式(8)表示的舍格列净-A(Sergliflozin-A):
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO02/053573小册子中的由式(9)表示的吡喃葡萄糖基氧基吡唑衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,R表示氢、低碳数烷基或形成前药的基团;Q与T中之一表示由下式表示的基团,而Q与T中的另一个表示低碳数烷基或卤代(低碳数烷基):
(其中,P表示氢或形成前药的基团);
R2表示氢、低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、低碳数烷基硫基、卤代(低碳数烷基)或卤素,
但其限制条件是当R表示氢或低碳数烷基时,P不表示氢。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是由式(9a)表示的利莫列净(Remogliflozin):
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2005/085265小册子中的由式(10)表示的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐,或其前药:
其中,R1与R4中之一表示下式的基团:
其中R5与R6独立地表示氢、羟基、卤素、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、C2-6烯基氧基、C1-6烷基硫基、C2-6烯基硫基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、卤代(C1-6烷基硫基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C2-6烯基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基硫基)、羧基、羧基(C1-6烷基)、羧基(C2-6烯基)、羧基(C1-6烷氧基)、羧基(C1-6烷基硫基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C2-6烯基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷氧基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基硫基)、C1-6烷基亚磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、-U-V-W-N(R7)-Z,或在环上具有1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的任何下列(i)至(xxviii)取代基;
(i)C6-10芳基,(ii)C6-10芳基-O-,(iii)C6-10芳基-S-,(iv)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷基),(v)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷氧基),(vi)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷基硫基),(vii)杂芳基,(viii)杂芳基-O-,(ix)杂芳基-S-,(x)杂芳基(C1-6烷基),(xi)杂芳基(C1-6烷氧基),(xii)杂芳基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xiii)C3-7环烷基,(xiv)C3-7环烷基-O-,(xv)C3-7环烷基-S-,(xvi)C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷基),(xvii)C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷氧基),(xviii)C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xix)杂环烷基,(xx)杂环烷基-O-,(xxi)杂环烷基-S-,(xxii)杂环烷基(C1-6烷基),(xxiii)杂环烷基(C1-6烷氧基),(xxiv)杂环烷基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xxv)芳香族环氨基,(xxvi)芳香族环氨基(C1-6烷基),(xxvii)芳香族环氨基(C1-6烷氧基),或(xxviii)芳香族环氨基(C1-6烷基硫基),
J表示可具有羟基的C1-6亚烷基,或C2-6亚烯基;
U表示-O-、-S-或单键,但其限制条件是当U是-O-或-S-时,V与W中至少一个不是单键;
V表示可具有羟基的C1-6亚烷基、C2-6亚烯基或单键;
W表示-CO-、-SO2-、-C(=NH)-或单键;
Z独立地表示氢、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C6-10芳基(C2-7烷氧基羰基)、甲酰基、-RA、-CORB、-SO2RB、-CON(RC)RD、-CSN(RC)RD、-SO2NHRA或-C(=NRE)N(RF)RG;
R7、RA、RC与RD独立地表示氢、可具有1至5个选自下列取代基组β的取代基的C1-6烷基、或可具有1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的任何下列取代基(xxix)至(xxxii);
(xxix)C6-10芳基,(xxx)杂芳基,(xxxi)C3-7环烷基或(xxxii)杂环烷基,或Z和R7与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的脂族环氨基;
或RC和RD与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的脂族环氨基;
RB表示C2-7烷氧基羰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、C6-10芳基磺酰基氨基、可具有1至5个选自下列取代基组β的取代基的C1-6烷基、或可具有1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的任何下列取代基(xxxiii)至(xxxvi);
(xxxiii)C6-10芳基,(xxxiv)杂芳基,(xxxv)C3-7环烷基或(xxxvi)杂环烷基,
RE、RF与RG独立地表示氢、氰基、氨基甲酰基、C2-7酰基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C6-10芳基(C2-7烷氧基羰基)、硝基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、磺酰胺基、甲脒基或可具有1至5个选自下列取代基组β的取代基的C1-6烷基;
或RE与RF键合形成亚乙基;
或RF与RG与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有任何选自下列取代基组α的取代基的脂族环氨基;
Q表示-C1-6亚烷基-、-C2-6亚烯基-、-C2-6亚炔基-、-C1-6亚烷基-O-、-C1-6亚烷基-S-、-O-C1-6亚烷基-、-S-C1-6亚烷基-、-C1-6亚烷基-O-C1-6亚烷基-、-C1-6亚烷基-S-C1-6亚烷基-、-CON(R8)-、-N(R8)CO-、-C1-6亚烷基-CON(R8)-或-CON(R8)-C1-6亚烷基-;
R8表示氢或C1-6烷基;
A环表示C6-10芳基或杂芳基,及
R1与R4中的另一个表示氢、羟基、氨基、卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、氰基、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、氰基(C1-6烷基)、羧基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷基)、氨基(C1-6烷基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、羧基(C1-6烷氧基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、C3-7环烷基、C3-7环烷基氧基、C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷基)、或C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷氧基);
R2与R3独立地表示氢、羟基、氨基、卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、氰基、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、氰基(C1-6烷基)、羧基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷基)、氨基(C1-6烷基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、羧基(C1-6烷氧基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、C3-7环烷基、C3-7环烷基氧基、C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷基)、或C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷氧基);
A1表示O、S或NR9;
A2表示CH或N;
R9表示氢或C1-6烷基;
G表示由下式表示的基团:
或由下式表示的基团:
E1表示氢、氟或羟基;
E2表示氢、氟、甲基或羟基甲基;
[取代基组α]
卤素、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基(C1-6烷基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、氨磺酰基与-CON(RH)RI,
[取代基组β]
卤原子、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷基硫基、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、卤代(C1-6烷基硫基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基硫基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷基硫基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、脲基、磺酰胺基、单或二(C1-6烷基)脲基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]脲基、单或二(C1-6烷基)磺酰胺基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]磺酰胺基、C2-7酰基氨基、氨基(C2-7酰基氨基)、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、-CON(RH)RI、及可具有1至3个选自上述取代基组α的取代基的任何下列(xxxvii)至(xxxxviii)取代基;
(xxxvii)C6-10芳基,(xxxviii)C6-10芳基-O-,(xxxix)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷氧基),(xxxx)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xxxxi)杂芳基,(xxxxii)杂芳基-O-,(xxxxiii)C3-7环烷基,(xxxxiv)C3-7环烷基-O-,(xxxxv)杂环烷基,(xxxxvi)杂环烷基-O-,(xxxxvii)脂族环氨基或(xxxxviii)芳香族环氨基,
RH和RI独立地表示氢或可具有1至3个选自下列取代基组γ的取代基的C1-6烷基;
或RH和RI二者与相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有1至3个选自下列取代基组δ的取代基脂族环氨基;
[取代基组γ]
卤素、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、脲基、磺酰胺基、单或二(C1-6烷基)脲基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]脲基、单或二(C1-6烷基)磺酰胺基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]磺酰胺基、C2-7酰基氨基、氨基(C2-7酰基氨基)、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、氨磺酰基及-CON(RJ)RK,
[取代基组δ]
卤素、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基(C1-6烷基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、氨磺酰基及-CON(RJ)RK,
RJ与RK独立地表示氢或可具有任何1至3个选自下列的取代基的C1-6烷基:羟基、氨基、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、C2-7烷氧基羰基与氨基甲酰基;
或RJ和RK二者与相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有任何1至3个选自下列的取代基的脂族环氨基:羟基、氨基、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、C1-6烷基、羟基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)及氨基甲酰基。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2005/085267小册子中的由式(11)表示的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐,或其前药:
其中,
R1表示氢、C1-6烷基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、二羟基(C1-6烷基)、C1-6烷氧基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、羧基(C1-6烷基)、C2-6烯基、-J-N(R5)-Z1、-J-CON(R5)-Z1、或在环上可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的任何下列取代基(a)至(d);
(a)C3-7环烷基,(b)C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷基),(c)C6-10芳基或(d)C1-6芳基(C6-10烷基),
R2表示氢、卤素或C1-6烷基;
R3与R4独立地表示氢、羟基、卤素、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、C2-6烯基氧基、C1-6烷基硫基、C2-6烯基硫基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、卤代(C1-6烷基硫基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C2-6烯基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基硫基)、羧基、羧基(C1-6烷基)、羧基(C2-6烯基)、羧基(C1-6烷氧基)、羧基(C1-6烷基硫基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C2-6烯基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷氧基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基硫基)、C1-6烷基亚磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、-U-V-W-N(R6)-Z2、或在环上可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的任何下列取代基(i)至(xxviii);
(i)C6-10芳基,(ii)C6-10芳基-O-,(iii)C6-10芳基-S-,(iv)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷基),(v)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷氧基),(vi)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷基硫基),(vii)杂芳基,(viii)杂芳基-O-,(ix)杂芳基-S-,(x)杂芳基(C1-6烷基),(xi)杂芳基(C1-6烷氧基),(xii)杂芳基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xiii)C3-7环烷基,(xiv)C3-7环烷基-O-,(xv)C3-7环烷基-S-,(xvi)C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷基),(xvii)C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷氧基),(xviii)C3-7环烷基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xix)杂环烷基,(xx)杂环烷基-O-,(xxi)杂环烷基-S-,(xxii)杂环烷基(C1-6烷基),(xxiii)杂环烷基(C1-6烷氧基),(xxiv)杂环烷基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xxv)芳香族环氨基,(xxvi)芳香族环氨基(C1-6烷基),(xxvii)芳香族环氨基(C1-6烷氧基),或(xxviii)芳香族环氨基(C1-6烷基硫基),J表示可具有羟基的C1-6亚烷基,或C2-6亚烯基;
U表示-O-、-S-或单键,但其限制条件是当U是-O-或-S-时,V与W中至少一个不是单键;
V表示可具有羟基的C1-6亚烷基、C2-6亚烯基或单键;
W表示-CO-、-SO2-、-C(=NH)-或单键;
Z1与Z2独立地表示氢、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C6-10芳基(C2-7烷氧基羰基)、甲酰基、-RA、-CORB、-SO2RB、-CON(RC)RD、-CSN(RC)RD、-SO2NHRA或-C(=NRE)N(RF)RG;
R5、R6、RA、RC与RD独立地表示氢、可具有任何1至5个选自下列取代基组β的取代基的C1-6烷基或可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基任何下列取代基(xxix)至(xxxii);
(xxix)C6-10芳基,(xxx)杂芳基,(xxxi)C3-7环烷基或(xxxii)杂环烷基,
或Z1与R5二者或Z2与R6二者与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的脂族环氨基;
或RC和RD与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的脂族环氨基;
RB表示C2-7烷氧基羰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、C6-10芳基磺酰基氨基、可具有任何1至5个选自下列取代基组β的取代基的C1-6烷基或可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组α的取代基的任何下列取代基(xxxiii)至(xxxvi);
(xxxiii)C6-10芳基,(xxxiv)杂芳基,(xxxv)C3-7环烷基或(xxxvi)杂环烷基,
RE、RF与RG独立地表示氢、氰基、氨基甲酰基、C2-7酰基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C6-10芳基(C2-7烷氧基羰基)、硝基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、氨磺酰基、甲脒基或可具有任何1至5个选自下列取代基组β的取代基的C1-6烷基;
或RE与RF一起键合形成亚乙基;
或RF与RG与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有选自下列取代基组α的取代基的脂族环氨基;
Y表示CH或N;
Q表示-C1-6亚烷基-、-C2-6亚烯基-、-C2-6亚炔基-、-C1-6亚烷基-O-、-C1-6亚烷基-S-、-O-C1-6亚烷基-、-S-C1-6亚烷基-、-C1-6亚烷基-O-C1-6亚烷基-、-C1-6亚烷基-S-C1-6亚烷基-、-CON(R7)-、-N(R7)CO-、-C1-6亚烷基-CON(R7)-或-CON(R7)-C1-6亚烷基-;
R7表示氢或C1-6烷基;
A环表示C6-10芳基或杂芳基;
G表示由下式表示的基团:
或由下式表示的基团:
E1表示氢、氟或羟基;
E2表示氢、氟、甲基或羟基甲基;
[取代基组α]
卤素、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基(C1-6烷基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、氨磺酰基与-CON(RH)RI,
[取代基组β]
卤素、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6烷基硫基、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、卤代(C1-6烷基硫基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基硫基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷基硫基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、脲基、磺酰胺基、单或二(C1-6烷基)脲基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]脲基、单或二(C1-6烷基)磺酰胺基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]磺酰胺基、C2-7酰基氨基、氨基(C2-7酰基氨基)、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、-CON(RH)RI、及在环上可具有任何1至3个选自上述取代基组α的取代基的任何下列取代基(xxxvii)至(xxxxviii);
(xxxvii)C6-10芳基,(xxxviii)C6-10芳基-O-,(xxxix)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷氧基),(xxxx)C6-10芳基(C1-6烷基硫基),(xxxxi)杂芳基,(xxxxii)杂芳基-O-,(xxxxiii)C3-7环烷基,(xxxxiv)C3-7环烷基-O-,(xxxxv)杂环烷基,(xxxxvi)杂环烷基-O-,(xxxxvii)脂族环氨基或(xxxxviii)芳香族环氨基,
RH与RI独立地表示氢或可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组γ的取代基的C1-6烷基;
或RH与RI二者与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有任何1至3个选自下列取代基组δ的取代基的脂族环氨基;
[取代基组γ]
卤素、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、脲基、磺酰胺基、单或二(C1-6烷基)脲基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]脲基、单或二(C1-6烷基)磺酰胺基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]磺酰胺基、C2-7酰基氨基、氨基(C2-7酰基氨基)、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、氨基甲酰基(C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基与-CON(RJ)RK,
[取代基组δ]
卤素、羟基、氨基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、卤代(C1-6烷基)、卤代(C1-6烷氧基)、羟基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)、羟基(C1-6烷氧基)、氨基(C1-6烷基)、氨基(C1-6烷氧基)、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、单或二[羟基(C1-6烷基)]氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基、C1-6烷基磺酰基氨基(C1-6烷基)、羧基、C2-7烷氧基羰基、氨磺酰基与-CON(RJ)RK,
RJ与RK独立地表示氢或可具有任何1至3个选自下列的取代基的C1-6烷基:羟基、氨基、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、C2-7烷氧基羰基与氨基甲酰基;
或RJ与RK二者与其相邻的氮一起键合形成可具有任何1至3个选自下列的取代基的脂族环氨基:羟基、氨基、单或二(C1-6烷基)氨基、C1-6烷基、羟基(C1-6烷基)、C2-7烷氧基羰基、C2-7烷氧基羰基(C1-6烷基)与氨基甲酰基。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO01/16147小册子中的由式(12)表示的吡喃葡萄糖基氧基吡唑衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,R1表示氢或低碳数烷基;Q1与T1中之一表示由下式表示的基团,而另一则表示低碳数烷基或卤代(低碳数烷基):
R2表示氢、低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、低碳数烷基硫基、卤代(低碳数烷基)或卤素。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2006/035796小册子中的由式(13)表示的化合物,或其前药或其医药上可接受的盐,或其水合物或溶剂合物:
其中,A环表示各自具有取代基的芳基或杂芳基,Q1至Q5各自独立地为连接氢或取代基的碳,或是氮,E表示单键、亚烷基、-O-、-S-或-NH-,R表示甲基、乙基、氟甲基或羟基甲基。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2004/013118小册子中的薁衍生物,其由式(14)表示:
其中,R1至R4分别表示氢、任选地被取代的低碳数烷基、-C(=O)-任选地被取代的低碳数烷基、或任选地被取代的低碳数亚烷基-任选地被取代的芳基,
R5至R12分别表示氢、任选地被取代的低碳数烷基、卤素、-OH、-O-任选地被取代的低碳数烷基、-任选地被取代的低碳数亚烷基-OH、-任选地被取代的低碳数亚烷基-O-任选地被取代的低碳数烷基、-O-任选地被取代的低碳数亚烷基-O-任选地被取代的低碳数烷基、-O-任选地被取代的低碳数亚烷基-任选地被取代的芳基、-任选地被取代的低碳数亚烷基-O-C(=O)-任选地被取代的低碳数烷基、-COOH、硝基、氰基、氨基、被取代的氨基、或-C(=O)-O-任选地被取代的低碳数烷基,及
A表示键或任选地被取代的低碳数亚烷基,其中-A-可键合在薁环的1至8位置中任一位置,R5、R6与R7中任二者可与相邻的碳原子一起形成苯环。
在本发明又一实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2004/080990小册子中的化合物,其由式(15)表示:
其中,A环表示(1)苯,(2)具有1至4个选自N、S与O的杂原子的5或6元单环杂芳基,或(3)具有1至4个选自N、S与O的杂原子的饱和或不饱和8至10元杂双环;
B环表示(1)具有1至4个选自N、S与O的杂原子的饱和或不饱和8至10元杂双环,(2)具有1至4个选自N、S与O的杂原子的饱和或不饱和5或6元杂单环,(3)饱和或不饱和8至10元双环烃,或(4)苯;
X表示键或低碳数亚烷基;
其中,A环、B环与X的相关性在于(1)当A环是苯,B环是除苯以外的环时,或(2)当A环是苯,B环是具有1至4个选自N、S与O的杂原子的包括苯的饱和或不饱和8至10元杂双环,或包括苯的饱和或不饱和8至10元双环烃时,X键合在除B环中包括的苯环以外的其他B环部分:此外,此相关性明确地表示A环与B环不可同时是苯,且当A环是苯及B环是苯并呋喃或茚满时,X不是构成B环一部分的苯,但却与呋喃或环戊烷键合;
R1至R4分别表示氢、低碳数烷基、-C(=O)-低碳数烷基、或-低碳数亚烷基-芳基;及
R5至R11分别表示氢、低碳数烷基、环烷基、卤素、被卤素取代的低碳数烷基、-OH、=O、-NH2、低碳数烷基磺酰基-、被卤素取代的低碳数烷基磺酰基-、芳基磺酰基-、芳基、具有1至4个选自N、S与O的杂原子的饱和或不饱和5或6元杂单环、-低碳数亚烷基-OH、-低碳数亚烷基-O-低碳数烷基、-低碳数亚烷基-O-C(=O)-低碳数烷基、-低碳数亚烷基-O-低碳数亚烷基-COOH、-低碳数亚烷基-O-低碳数亚烷基-C(=O)-O-低碳数烷基、-低碳数亚烷基-NH2、-低碳数亚烷基-NH-低碳数烷基、-低碳数亚烷基-N(低碳数烷基)2、-低碳数亚烷基-NH-C(=O)-低碳数烷基、-COOH、-CN、-C(=O)-O-低碳数烷基、-C(=O)-NH2、-C(=O)-NH-低碳数烷基、-C(=O)-N(低碳数烷基)2、-O-低碳数烷基、-O-环烷基、-O-低碳数亚烷基-OH、-O-低碳数亚烷基-O-低碳数烷基、-O-低碳数亚烷基-COOH、-O-低碳数亚烷基-C(=O)-O-低碳数烷基、-O-低碳数亚烷基-C(=O)-NH2、-O-低碳数亚烷基-C(=O)-NH-低碳数烷基、-O-低碳数亚烷基-C(=O)-N(低碳数烷基)2、-O-低碳数亚烷基-CH(OH)-CH2(OH)、-O-低碳数亚烷基-NH2、-O-低碳数亚烷基-NH-低碳数烷基、-O-低碳数亚烷基-N(低碳数烷基)2、-O-低碳数亚烷基-NH-C(=O)-低碳数烷基、-NH-低碳数烷基、-N(低碳数烷基)2、-NH-SO2-低碳数烷基、-NH-SO2-被卤素取代的低碳数烷基、-NH-低碳数亚烷基-OH、-NH-C(=O)-低碳数烷基、-NH-C(=O)-NH2、-NH-C(=O)-NH-低碳数烷基、-NH-C(=O)-N(低碳数烷基)2或-NH-C(=O)-O-低碳数烷基。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂由式(15a)表示:
其中:R6表示氢原子、卤原子、-OH、-OMe、-CH2-OH、-O-(CH2)2-OH、-O-(CH2)2-NH2、-COOH、-COOEt、-O-CH2-COOH或-O-CH2-COOEt,R7表示氢原子或卤原子,R8表示氢原子或-Me,R9表示氢原子、-Me、卤原子或-OMe。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2005/092877小册子中的由式(16)表示的被吡喃葡萄糖基取代的苯衍生物,其互变异构体、其立体异构体、其混合物及其盐:
其中,R1选自A组的定义,且若R3选自B组的定义时,R1可另外地选自氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基-C1-4烷基、C2-4炔基-C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基-C1-4烷氧基、C2-4炔基-C1-4烷氧基、C3-7环烷基-C1-4烷基、C5-7环烯基-C1-4烷基、被1至3个氟取代的甲基、被1至5个氟取代的乙基、C1-4烷氧基、被1至3个氟取代的甲氧基、被1至5个氟取代的乙氧基、被羟基或C1-3烷氧基取代的C1-4烷基、被羟基或C1-3烷氧基取代的C2-4烷氧基、C3-6环烷基-C1-3烷氧基或羟基,而上述环烷基与环烯基环中一个或二个亚甲基可分别独立地被O或CO取代;
R2表示氢、氟、氯、溴、羟基、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、氰基或硝基,其中烷基或烷氧基可被氟单取代或多取代;
R3是选自B组的定义,且若R1选自A组的定义时,R3可另外地选自下列定义:氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、C1-6烷基、C2-4烯基-C1-4烷基、C2-4炔基-C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基-C1-4烷氧基、C2-4炔基-C1-4烷氧基、C3-7环烷基、C5-7环烯基、C3-7环烷基-C1-4烷基、C5-7环烯基-C1-4烷基、C3-6亚环烷基甲基、羟基、C1-6烷氧基、C3-6环烷基-C1-3烷氧基、芳基、芳基-C1-3烷基、杂芳基、杂芳基-C1-3烷基、芳基氧基、芳基-C1-3烷基-氧基、被1至3个氟取代的甲基或甲氧基、被1至5个氟取代的C2-4烷基或C2-4烷氧基、被氰基取代的C1-4烷基、被羟基或C1-3烷基氧基取代的C1-4烷基、氰基、羧基、C1-3烷氧基羰基、氨基羰基、(C1-3烷基氨基)羰基、二-(C1-3烷基)氨基羰基、吡咯烷-1-基羰基、哌啶-1-基羰基、吗啉-4-基羰基、哌嗪-1-基羰基、4-(C1-3烷基)-哌嗪-1-基羰基、(C1-4烷基)羰基氨基、C1-4烷基-磺酰基氨基、C1-4烷基硫烷基、C1-4烷基亚磺酰基、C1-4烷基磺酰基、芳基磺酰基氨基、芳基-C1-3烷基磺酰基氨基或芳基磺酰基;
R4与R5分别独立地表示氢、氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基、C1-3烷基、C1-3烷氧基、或被1至3个氟取代的甲基或甲氧基,
A表示C2-6炔-1-基、C2-6烯-1-基、C3-7环烷基、C5-7环烯基、芳基、杂芳基、C1-4烷基羰基、芳基羰基、杂芳基羰基、氨基羰基、C1-4烷基氨基羰基、二-(C1-3烷基)氨基羰基、吡咯烷-1-基羰基、哌啶-1-基羰基、吗啉-4-基羰基、哌嗪-1-基羰基、4-(C1-4烷基)哌嗪-1-基羰基、芳基氨基-羰基、杂芳基氨基羰基、C1-4烷氧基-羰基、芳基-C1-3烷氧基羰基、杂芳基-C1-3烷氧基羰基、氨基、C1-4烷基氨基、二-(C1-3烷基)氨基、吡咯烷-1-基、吡咯烷-2-酮-1-基、哌啶-1-基、哌啶-2-酮-1-基、吗啉-4-基、吗啉-3-酮-4-基、哌嗪-1-基、4-(C1-3烷基)哌嗪-1-基、C1-4烷基羰基氨基、芳基羰基氨基、杂芳基羰基氨基、C3-7环烷基氧基、C5-7环烯基氧基、芳基氧基、杂芳基氧基、C1-4烷基亚磺酰基、C1-4烷基磺酰基、C3-7环烷基硫烷基、C3-7环烷基亚磺酰基、C3-7环烷基磺酰基、C5-7环烯基硫烷基、C5-7环烯基亚磺酰基、C5-7环烯基磺酰基、芳基硫烷基、芳基亚磺酰基、芳基磺酰基、杂芳基硫烷基、杂芳基亚磺酰基、杂芳基磺酰基、氰基或硝基,而上述炔基与烯基可被氟或氯单取代或多取代,上述炔基与烯基可被相同或不同基团L1单取代或二取代,上述环烷基与环烯基环可分别独立地被选自氟与C1-3烷基的取代基单取代或二取代,上述环烷基与环烯基环中一个或二个亚甲基可分别独立地被O、S、CO、SO、SO2或NRN取代;
B表示三-(C1-4烷基)甲硅烷基-C1-6烷基、C2-6炔-1-基、C2-6烯-1-基、氨基、C1-3烷基氨基、二-(C1-3烷基)氨基、吡咯烷-1-基、吡咯烷-2-酮-1-基、哌啶-1-基、哌啶-2-酮-1-基、吗啉-4-基、吗啉-3-酮-4-基、哌嗪-1-基、4-(C1-3烷基)哌嗪-1-基、芳基羰基氨基、杂芳基羰基氨基、硝基、C3-10环烷基氧基、C5-10环烯基氧基、C3-10环烷基硫烷基、C3-10环烷基亚磺酰基、C3-10环烷基磺酰基、C5-10环烯基硫烷基、C5-10环烯基亚磺酰基、C5-10环烯基磺酰基、芳基硫烷基、芳基亚磺酰基、杂芳基硫烷基或杂芳基亚磺酰基,而上述炔基与烯基可被氟或氯单取代或多取代,上述炔基与烯基可被相同或不同基团L1单取代或二取代;而上述环烷基与环烯基环可分别独立地被选自氟与C1-3烷基的取代基单取代或二取代,上述环烷基与环烯基环中一个或二个亚甲基可分别独立地被O、S、CO、SO、SO2或NRN取代;
RN表示H、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷基羰基或C1-4烷基磺酰基,L1独立地选自羟基、氰基、硝基、C3-7环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、C1-4烷基羰基、芳基羰基、杂芳基羰基、氨基羰基、C1-4烷基氨基羰基、二-(C1-3烷基)-氨基羰基、吡咯烷-1-基羰基、哌啶-1-基羰基、吗啉-4-基羰基、芳基氨基羰基、杂芳基氨基羰基、C1-4烷氧基羰基、芳基-C1-3烷氧基羰基、杂芳基-C1-3烷氧基羰基、C1-4烷基氧基、芳基氧基、杂芳基氧基、C1-4烷基硫烷基、芳基硫烷基、杂芳基硫烷基、C1-4烷基亚磺酰基、芳基亚磺酰基、杂芳基亚磺酰基、C1-4烷基磺酰基、芳基磺酰基与杂芳基磺酰基;
L2分别独立地选自氟、氯、溴、碘、C1-3烷基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、C1-3烷氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基与氰基;
R6、R7a、R7b与R7c的定义是分别独立地选自氢、(C1-18-烷基)羰基、(C1-18-烷基)氧羰基、芳基羰基与芳基-(C1-3烷基)-羰基,而上述基团定义中的芳基是指可分别独立地被相同或不同基团L2单取代或二取代的苯基或萘基;且上述基团定义中的杂芳基是指吡咯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吲哚基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、喹啉基、异喹啉基或四唑基,或是指吡咯基、呋喃基、噻吩基或吡啶基,其中一个或二个次甲基(methyne)被氮取代,或指吲哚基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、喹啉基或异喹啉基,其中1至3个次甲基被氮取代,而上述杂芳基可分别独立地被相同或不同基团L2单取代或二取代;而除非另有说明,否则上述烷基可是直链或支化链。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2006/117359小册子中的化合物,其由式(17)表示:
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2006/1173604册子中的化合物,其由式(18)表示:
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于美国专利6,048,842中的由式(19)表示的丙酰苯衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,OX是任选地被保护的羟基,Y是低碳数烷基,Z是β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基,其中一个或多个羟基可任选地被保护。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于美国专利5,830,873中的由式(20)表示的丙酰苯衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,X是氧原子、硫原子或亚甲基,OY是受保护或未受保护的羟基,Z是β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基或4-O-(α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基,其中这些基团的一个或多个羟基可任选地被酰化,且虚线表示存在或不存在双键。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于美国专利5,767,094中的由式(21)表示的丙酰苯衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,R′是低碳数烷酰基,R″是氢原子,或R′是氢原子,R″是低碳数烷氧基羰基。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于美国专利5,424,406与5,731,292中的由式(22)表示的丙酰苯衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,Ar是芳基,R1是氢原子或酰基,R2是氢原子、酰基或α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基,或R1与R2可一起组合形成被取代的亚甲基,R3与R4分别是氢原子或酰基,OR5是受保护或未受保护的羟基或低碳数烷氧基。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于美国专利申请公开2005/0233988的由式(23)表示的化合物,其医药上可接受的盐,或其前药:
其中,A环与B环是下列之一:(1)A环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环,B环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环、任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环或任选地被取代的苯,(2)A环是任选地被取代的苯,B环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环或任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环,其中Y连接至该稠合杂双环的杂环环,或(3)A环是任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环,其中糖部分X-(糖)与部分-Y-(B环)均在该稠合杂双环的同一杂环环上,B环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环、任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环或任选地被取代的苯;
X是碳或氮;及
Y是-(CH2)n-(其中n是1或2)。
在优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是式(24)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐,或其前药:
其中,RA是卤原子或低碳数烷基;
C环是被1至3个选自下列各基团所组成的组中的取代基取代的苯基:卤原子、氰基、低碳数烷基、卤代-低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、卤代-低碳数烷氧基、亚甲二氧基、亚乙基氧基、单-或二-低碳数烷基氨基、氨基甲酰基、与单-或二-低碳数烷基氨基甲酰基;或被1至3个选自下列各基团所组成组中的取代基取代的杂环基:卤原子、氰基、低碳数烷基、卤代-低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、卤代-低碳数烷氧基、单-或二-低碳数烷基氨基、氨基甲酰基、与单-或二-低碳数烷基-氨基甲酰基。
优选化合物的实例包括:
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(5-噻唑基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-(5-苯基-2-噻吩基甲基)苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(2-嘧啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基-3-[5-(2-嘧啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(3-氰基苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(4-氰基苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-2-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-3-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基-3-[5-(6-氟-2-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;及
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基-3-[5-(3-二氟甲基苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于WO2006/080577小册子中的由式(25)表示的吲哚衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,R1是卤素或烷基,
R2是氢或卤素,及
Ar是下列基团之一:
其中,R3与R4独立地为氢、卤素、烷基、环烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烷基硫基、羟基、苯基、卤代苯基、氰基苯基、吡啶基、卤代吡啶基、噻吩基、或卤代噻吩基,或R3与R4及其所连接的碳原子一起形成稠合苯、呋喃或二氢呋喃环。
优选化合物的实例包括:
4-氯-3-(4-乙基苯基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-吲哚;
4-氯-3-(4-乙氧基苯基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-吲哚;
3-(5-溴噻吩-2-基甲基)-4-氯-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-吲哚;
3-(4-乙基苯基甲基)-4-氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-吲哚;及
4-甲基-3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-吲哚。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于PCT/JP2007/065213的由式(26)表示的吲哚衍生物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,R1是氟或氯,R2是氢或氟。
优选化合物的实例包括:
4-氯-3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚;
3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-4-氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚;
4-氯-3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-6-氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚;及
3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-4,6-二氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚;及其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是公开于美国专利申请公开2004/0259819的由式(27)表示的化合物,及其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,
R1与R2分别独立地为F或H,或该基团R1与R2之一可为OH;
R3是OH或F,但其限制条件是R1、R2与R3基团中至少一个必须是F;
R4是OH;
A是O、NH、CH2、S或键;
X是C、O、S或N,但其限制条件是当Y是O或S时,X是C;
Y是N、O或S;
m是1或2;
R5是氢、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、COOH、CO(C1-6烷基)、COO(C1-6烷基)、CONH2、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、HO-(C1-6烷基)、(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基)、苯基、苯甲基、C1-6烷氧基羰基,
其中,该CO(C1-6烷基)、COO(C1-6烷基)、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、HO-(C1-6烷基),(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基)与C1-6烷氧基羰基基团任选地被一个或多个氟原子取代,
R5是SO2-NH2、SO2NH(C1-6烷基)、SO2N(C1-6烷基)2、S-(C1-6烷基)、S-(CH2)o-苯基、SO-(C1-6烷基)、SO-(CH2)o-苯基、SO2-(C1-6烷基)、SO2-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该SO2NH(C1-6烷基)、SO2N(C1-6烷基)2、S-(C1-6烷基)、SO-(C1-6烷基)与SO2-(C1-6烷基)基团任选地被一个或多个氟原子取代,且其中,该S-(CH2)o-苯基、SO-(CH2)o-苯基与SO2-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环任选地被F、Cl、Br、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、O-(C1-6烷基)、C1-6烷基或NH2单-或二-取代,其中o是0、1、2、3、4、5或6,
R5是NH2、NH-(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、NH(C1-7酰基)、苯基或O-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该苯基与O-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环任选地被F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、O-(C1-6烷基)、C1-6烷基、NH2、NH(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、SO2-CH3、COOH、COO-(C1-6烷基)或CONH2单-、二-或三取代,且其中o如上述所定义;
或者,当Y是S时,R5与R6可与其所连接的碳原子一起形成苯环;
R6是H、C1-6烷基、C1-6烯基、C3-6环烷基或苯基,其中,该苯基基团任选地被卤素或C1-4烷基取代;
B是C0-15烷二基,其中,该烷二基基团中一个或多个碳原子可独立地被-O-、-(C=O)-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-S-、-CH(OH)-、-CHF-、-CF2-、-(S=O)-、-(SO2)-、-N(C1-6烷基)-、-N(C1-6烷基-苯基)-或-NH-取代;
n是0、1、2、3或4;
Cyc1是3-、4-、5-、6-或7-元饱和、部分饱和或不饱和环,其中,该环中一个碳原子可被O、N或S取代;
R7、R8与R9分别独立地为氢、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、COOH、COO(C1-6烷基)、CO(C1-4烷基)、CONH2、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-8烷氧基、HO-(C1-6烷基)、(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基),
其中,该COO(C1-6烷基)、CO(C1-4烷基)、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-8烷氧基、HO-(C1-6烷基)与(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基)基团任选地被一个或多个氟原子取代,
R7、R8与R9分别独立地为SO2-NH2、SO2NH(C1-6烷基)、SO2N(C1-6烷基)2、S-(C1-6烷基)、S-(CH2)o-苯基、SCF3、SO-(C1-6烷基)、SO-(CH2)o-苯基、SO2-(C1-6烷基)、SO2-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该SO2NH(C1-6烷基)、SO2N(C1-6烷基)2、S-(C1-6烷基)、SO-(C1-6烷基)与SO2-(C1-6烷基)基团任选地被一个或多个氟原子取代,并且其中所述S-(CH2)o-苯基、SO-(CH2)o-苯基与SO2-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环任选地被F、Cl、Br、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、O-(C1-6烷基)、C1-6烷基或NH2单-或二-取代,其中o如上述定义,
R7、R8与R9分别独立地为NH2、NH-(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、NH(C1-7酰基)、苯基或O-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该苯基与O-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环任选地被F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、C1-8烷氧基、C1-6烷基、NH2、NH(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、SO2-CH3、COOH、COO-(C1-6烷基)或CONH2单-、二-或三取代,且其中o如上述所定义;
或R8与R9与其所连接的碳原子一起形成5-、6-或7-元饱和、部分饱和或完全不饱和环,本文中称为Cyc2,
其中,该Cyc2环中一个或二个碳原子任选地被N、O或S取代,且其中该Cyc2环任选地被C1-6烷基、C2-5烯基或C2-5炔基取代,
其中,该C1-6烷基、C2-5烯基与C2-5炔基基团任选地被F、Cl、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、COO(C1-4烷基)、CONH2、CONH(C1-4烷基)或OCF3取代,且其中,该C1-6烷基、C2-5烯基与C2-5炔基基团所包含的-CH2-基团任选地由-O-取代。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是美国专利申请公开2005/0014704中的由式(28)表示的化合物,及其医药上可接受的盐:
其中:R1、R2分别独立地为OH、F或H,但其限制条件是
当R1为F时,R2不能为OH;
当R1为OH时,R2不能为F;及
当R1为OH时,R2不能为OH;
R3为OH或F,
但其限制条件是该R1、R2、R3基团中至少一个必须是F;
A是O、NH、CH2、S或键;
R4、R5与R6分别独立地为氢、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、NO2、CN、COOH、CO(C1-6烷基)、COO(C1-6烷基)、CONH2、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、HO(C1-6烷基)、(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基)、苯基或苯甲基,
其中,该CO(C1-6烷基)、COO(C1-6烷基)、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6烷氧基、HO(C1-6烷基),(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基)基团任选地被一个或多个氟原子取代,
R4、R5与R6分别独立地为SO2-NH2、SO2NH(C1-6烷基)、SO2N(C1-6烷基)2、S-(C1-6烷基)、S-(CH2)o-苯基、SO-(C1-6烷基)、SO-(CH2)o-苯基、SO2-(C1-6烷基)、SO2-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该S-(CH2)o-苯基、SO-(CH2)o-苯基与SO2-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环可被F、Cl、Br、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、O-(C1-6烷基)、C1-6烷基或NH2单-或二取代,其中o是0、1、2、3、4、5或6,
R4、R5与R6分别独立地为NH2、NH-(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、NH(C1-7酰基)、苯基、O-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该苯基与O-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环可被F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、O-(C1-6烷基)、C1-6烷基、NH2、NH(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、SO2-CH3、COOH、COO-(C1-6烷基)或CONH2单-、二-或三取代,其中o如上述所定义;
B是C0-15烷二基,
其中,该C0-15烷二基基团中一个或多个碳原子分别独立地、任选地被-O-、-(C=O)-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-S-、-CH(OH)-、-CHF-、-CF2-、-(S=O)-、-(SO2)-、-N(C1-6烷基)-、-N(C1-6烷基-苯基)-或-NH-取代;
n是0、1、2、3或4;
Cyc1是3-、4-、5-、6-或7-元饱和、部分饱和或不饱和环,其中,该环中一个碳原子可被O、N或S取代;
R7、R8与R9分别独立地为氢、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、COOH、COO(C1-6烷基)、CO(C1-4烷基)、CONH2、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-8烷氧基、HO-(C1-6烷基)、(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基),
其中,该COO(C1-6烷基)、CO(C1-4烷基)、CONH(C1-6烷基)、CON(C1-6烷基)2、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-8烷氧基、HO-(C1-6烷基)与(C1-6烷基)-O-(C1-6烷基)基团任选地被一个或多个氟原子取代,
R7、R8与R9分别独立地为SO2-NH2、SO2NH(C1-6烷基)、SO2N(C1-6烷基)2、S-(C1-6烷基)、S-(CH2)o-苯基、SO-(C1-6烷基)、SO-(CH2)o-苯基、SO2-(C1-6烷基)、SO2-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该SO2NH(C1-6烷基)、SO2N(C1-6烷基)2、S-(C1-6烷基)、SO-(C1-6烷基)与SO2-(C1-6烷基)基团任选地被一个或多个氟原子取代,并且其中,该S-(CH2)o-苯基、SO-(CH2)o-苯基与SO2-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环任选地被F、Cl、Br、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、O-(C1-6烷基)、C1-6烷基或NH2单-或二取代,其中o如上述定义,
R7、R8与R9分别独立地为NH2、NH-(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、NH(C1-7酰基)、苯基或O-(CH2)o-苯基,
其中,该苯基与O-(CH2)o-苯基基团的苯环任选地被F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、OCF3、C1-8烷氧基、C1-6烷基、NH2、NH(C1-6烷基)、N(C1-6烷基)2、SO2-CH3、COOH、COO-(C1-6烷基)或CONH2单-、二-或三取代,其中o如上述定义;
或R8与R9与其所连接的碳原子一起形成5-、6-或7-元饱和、部分饱和或不饱和环,本文称是Cyc2,
其中,该Cyc2环中一个或二个碳原子任选地被N、O或S取代,
并且其中,该Cyc2环任选地被C1-6烷基、C2-5烯基或C2-5炔基取代,
其中,该C1-6烷基、C2-5烯基与C2-5炔基基团任选地被F、Cl、OH、CF3、NO2、CN、COO(C1-4烷基)、CONH2、CONH(C1-4烷基)或OCF3取代,并且其中,该C1-6烷基、C2-5烯基与C2-5炔基基团所含的-CH2-基团任选地被-O-取代。
DPP4抑制剂是本领域熟练人员公知的,并且DPP4抑制剂的实例可参见下列文献:
(1)TANABESEIYAKUCo.,Ltd.:WO02/30891或相应的美国专利(案号6,849,622);与WO02/30890或相应的美国专利(案号7,138,397);
(2)FerringBV:WO95/15309、WO01/40180、WO01/81304、WO01/81337、WO03/000250与WO03/035057;
(3)Probiodrug:WO97/40832、EP1082314、WO99/61431、WO03/015775;
(4)NovartisAG:WO98/19998、WO00/34241、WO01/96295、US6,107,317、US6,110,949与US6,172,081;
(5)GlaXoSmithKline:WO03/002531、WO03/002530与WO03/002553;
(6)BristolMyersSquibb:WO01/68603、WO02/83128与WO2005/012249;
(7)Merck&Co.:WO02/76450与WO03/004498;
(8)SrryxInc.:WO2005/026148、WO2005/030751、WO2005/095381、WO2004/087053与WO2004/103993;
(9)MitSubishiPharmaCorp.:WO02/14271、US7,060,722、US7,074,794、WO2003/24942、日本专利公告2002-265439、日本专利公告2005-170792,及WO2006/088129;
(10)TaishoPharmaCo.,Ltd.:WO2004/020407;
(12)YamanouchiPharmaceuticalCo.,Ltd.:WO2004/009544;
(13)KyowaHakkoKogyo:WO02/051836;
(14)KyorinSeiyaku:WO2005/075421、WO2005/077900与WO2005/082847;
(15)AlantosPharmaceuticals:WO2006/116157;
(16)GlenmarkPharmaceuticals:WO2006/090244与WO2005/075426;
(17)SanwaKagakuKenkyusho:WO2004/067509;及
(18)LGlifescience:WO2005/037828与WO2006/104356。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是公开于US6,849,622的由式(29)表示的脂族含氮5元环化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,A表示-CH2-或-S-,R1表示氢原子、低碳数烷基、羟基低碳数烷基或低碳数烷氧基低碳数烷基,R2表示(1)可被取代的环基,其中该环基部分是(i)单环、双环或三环的烃基,或(ii)单环、双环或三环的杂环基,或(2)可被取代的氨基。
优选化合物的实例包括:
(2S)-2-氰基-1-[反式-4-(二甲基氨基羰基)环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷;
(2S)-2-氰基-1-[反式-4-(吗啉基羰基)环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷;及
(2S)-2-氰基-1-[反式-4-(4-乙酰基哌嗪-1-基羰基)环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷;
及上述化合物的医药上可接受的盐(例如:苯磺酸盐)。
在另一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是公开于US7,138,397的由式(30)表示的脂族含氮5元环化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,A是-CH2-,R1是H、低碳数烷基、羟基低碳数烷基或低碳数烷氧基低碳数烷基,R2是可被取代的哌嗪基。
优选化合物的实例包括:
(S)-2-氰基-1-[t-4-(4-乙酰基-1-哌嗪基)-1-甲基-r-1-环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷;及
(S)-2-氰基-1-[t-4-(4-丙酰基-1-哌嗪基)-1-甲基-r-1-环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷;
或其医药上可接受的盐。
在另一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是公开于US7,074,794的由式(31)表示的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中:
X是-NR1R2,其中R1与R2可相同或不同,且各自独立地为环烷基烷基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或可彼此键合形成任选地包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环任选地与任选地具有取代基的芳香环缩合,且该杂环任选地是螺环,
X是-NR3COR4,其中R3与R4相同或不同,且各自独立地为氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
X是-NR5CONR6R7或-NR5CH2CH2NR6R7,其中R5、R6与R7相同或不同,且分别独立地为氢原子、烷基、酰基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或R6与R7可彼此键合形成任选地包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环任选地与任选地具有取代基的芳香环缩合,
X是-NR8SO2R9,其中R8与R9相同或不同,且各自独立地为氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或
X是-OR10或-OCOR11,其中R10与R11分别是氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
Y是CH2、CH-OH、S、S=O或SO2,
Z是氢原子或氰基,且
上述基团中,烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基、杂芳基烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基与杂环分别任选地具有取代基。
在本实施方案中,更优选的化合物是3-[(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1-基]吡咯烷-2-基]噻唑烷,或其医药上可接受的盐(例如:氢溴酸盐)。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀(Sitagliptin)[开发代码:MK-0431;专有名称:Januvia(佳维糖);化学名称:(3R)-3-氨基-1-[9-(三氟甲基)-1,4,7,8-四氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-6,8-二烯-4-基]-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)丁烷-1-酮]或其同等物,如:其医药上可接受的盐(例如:磷酸盐)。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是维他列汀(Vildagliptin)[开发代码:LAF237;专有名称:Galvus(高糖优适);化学名称:(2S)-1-[2-[(3-羟基-1-金刚烷基)氨基]乙酰基]吡咯烷-2-腈],或其同等物,如:其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的又一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是赛格列汀(Saxagliptin)(开发代码:BMS-477118;化学名称:(1S,3S,5S)-2-[(2S)-2-氨基-2-(3-羟基-1-金刚烷基)乙酰基]-2-氮杂双环[3.1.0]己烷-3-腈),或其同等物,如:其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的又一实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是艾乐列汀(Alogliptin)(开发代码:SYR-322;化学名称:6-[(3R)-3-氨基哌啶-1-基]-1-(2-氰基苯甲基)-3-甲基嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮),或其同等物,如:其医药上可接受的盐(例如:苯甲酸盐)。
在本发明的实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是L-苏-异亮氨酰基吡咯烷(L-threo-isoleucylpyrrolidide)、L-别-异亮氨酰基噻唑烷(L-allo-isoleucylthiazolidide)或L-别-异亮氨酰基吡咯烷(L-allo-isoleucylpyrrolidide),或其医药上可接受的盐。
如上所述,本发明涉及一种治疗或预防与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病的方法,其包括对有此需要的患者投予治疗有效量的SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的投药量是足以降低患者血糖浓度的用量。
另一方面,本发明涉及一种提高血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的方法,其包括对患者投予治疗有效量的SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合。
在本发明的实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的投药量是足以提高患者的血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的用量。
本发明的组合疗法适用于治疗或预防哺乳动物如人类的与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种医药组合物,其包含SGLT抑制剂、DPP4抑制剂与其医药上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
在本发明的实施方案中,本发明的医药组合物可用作降低患者血糖浓度的制剂。
在本发明的实施方案中,本发明的医药组合物可用作提高患者血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的制剂。
在本发明的实施方案中,本发明的医药组合物可用作治疗或预防与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病的制剂。
与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病的实例包括糖尿病、糖尿病相关病症、肥胖症、心肌梗塞、中风、学习力或记忆力受损、与神经退化性病变。糖尿病相关病症实例包括血糖过高、葡萄糖耐量异常、空腹葡萄糖异常、胰岛素抗性、胰脏β-细胞缺陷、肠内分泌细胞缺陷、糖尿、代谢性酸中毒、白内障、糖尿病性肾病变、糖尿病性神经病变、糖尿病性视网膜病变、糖尿病性冠状动脉疾病、糖尿病性脑血管疾病、糖尿病性周边血管疾病、代谢症候群、血脂过高、动脉粥样硬化、高血压与肥胖症。神经退化性病变实例包括因严重癫痫发作引起的兴奋毒性脑损伤、阿兹海默氏症(Alzheimer’sdisease)、巴金森氏症(Parkinson’sdisease)、亨丁顿氏症(Huntington’sdisease)、蛋白病毒相关性疾病、运动神经元疾病、脑创伤、脊柱损伤与周边神经病变、糖尿病包括第1型或第2型糖尿病。
SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂可通过任何一般投药途径投予患者,包括经静脉内、经口、皮下、肌内、皮内与非经肠式投药法。SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂可同时、依序或分开间隔投药。当同时投药时,SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂可并入单一医药组合物或形成分开的组合物。当分开投药时,可依不同时间表投予治疗有效量的SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂。各组合物可使用常用的赋形剂、稀释剂或载体调配,压缩成片剂,或调配成酏剂或溶液;及制成持续释放剂型,等等。该SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂可经由不同途径投药。
SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂所提供的用量应可产生提高患者血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的协同效应。SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的最佳剂量将随患者的年龄、体重、性别、所采用的特定化合物、投药途径与病症的严重性而变化。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种医药组合物,其包含SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂,及至少一种医药上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂于制造药剂上的用途,该药剂用于治疗或预防与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂在制造药剂上的用途,该药剂用于治疗或预防糖尿病。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种产品,其包含SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂作为组合制剂,供同时、分开或依序用于治疗或预防与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病。
在另一方面中,本发明涉及一种产品,其包含SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂作为组合制剂,供同时、分开或依序用于治疗或预防糖尿病。
本发明的医药组合物优选呈单位剂型,如:片剂、胶囊、粉剂、粒剂、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆、气雾剂与栓剂。
该医药组合物可使用合适的医药上可接受的载体与稀释剂调配。合适的医药上可接受的载体与稀释剂是本领域熟练人员可得的[参见例如:雷明顿的医药科学与操作(Remington:TheScienceandPracticeofPharmacy,(Gennaro等人编辑),第20版,2000]。合适的载体与稀释剂的实例可包括硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、氧化镁、磷酸与硫酸的钠盐与钙盐、碳酸镁、滑石、明胶、黄蓍胶、葡聚糖硫酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、藻酸钠、果胶、糊精、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、乳糖、蔗糖、淀粉、可可脂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、乙醇、玉米油、棉籽油、椰子油、花生油、芝麻油、苯甲醇与其它医药上可接受的材料。
医药组合物可依本领域熟练人员公知的方法制备,例如:采用一般混合法、溶解法、造粒法、细磨法、乳化法、包覆法、包埋法、冷冻干燥法或喷雾干燥法。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是上述式(23)的化合物或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是上述式(24)的化合物或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是上述式(25)的化合物或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是上述式(26)的化合物或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的更优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是舍格列净(Sergliflozin)、利莫列净(Remogliflozin)或达普列净(Dapagliflozin),或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是上述式(29)的化合物或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是上述式(30)的化合物或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是上述式(31)的化合物或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀(Sitagliptin)、维他列汀(Vildagliptin)、赛格列汀(Saxagliptin)或艾乐列汀(Alogliptin),或其医药上可接受的盐。
在本发明的更优选实施方案中,SGLT抑制剂是舍格列净(Sergliflozin)、利莫列净(Remogliflozin)或达普列净(Dapagliflozin),或其医药上可接受的盐,及DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀(Sitagliptin)、维他列汀(Vildagliptin)、赛格列汀(Saxagliptin)或艾乐列汀(Alogliptin),或其医药上可接受的盐。
本发明的SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合的优选实例包括下列:
(a)SGLT抑制剂是式(23)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,A环与B环是下列之一:(1)A环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环,B环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环、任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环或任选地被取代的苯,(2)A环是任选地被取代的苯,B环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环,或任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环,其中Y连接至该稠合杂双环的杂环环,或(3)A环是任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环,其中糖部分X-(糖)与部分-Y-(B环)均位于该稠合杂双环的同一杂环环上,B环是任选地被取代的不饱和杂单环、任选地被取代的不饱和稠合杂双环或任选地被取代的苯;
X是碳或氮;及
Y是-(CH2)n-(其中n是1或2);及
DPP4抑制剂是式(29)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,A表示-CH2-或-S-,R1表示氢原子、低碳数烷基、羟基低碳数烷基或低碳数烷氧基低碳数烷基,R2表示(1)可被取代的环基,其中该环基部分是(i)单环、双环或三环的烃基,或(ii)单环、双环或三环的杂环基,或(2)可被取代的氨基;或
DPP4抑制剂是式(31)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中:
X是-NR1R2,其中R1与R2可相同或不同,且各自独立地为环烷基烷基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或可彼此键合形成任选地包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环任选地与任选地具有取代基的芳香环缩合,且该杂环任选地是螺环,
X是-NR3COR4,其中R3与R4相同或不同,且各自独立地为氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
X是-NR5CONR6R7或-NR5CH2CH2NR6R7,其中R5、R6与R7相同或不同,且各自独立地为氢原子、烷基、酰基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或R6与R7可彼此键合形成任选地包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环任选地与任选地具有取代基的芳香环缩合,
X是-NR8SO2R9,其中R8与R9相同或不同,且各自独立地为氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或
X是-OR10或-OCOR11,其中R10与R11分别是氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
Y是CH2、CH-OH、S、S=O或SO2,
Z是氢原子或氰基,且
在上述基团中,烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基、杂芳基烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基与杂环分别任选地具有取代基;或
DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀(Sitagliptin)或其医药上可接受的盐;
(b)SGLT抑制剂是式(24)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐或其前药:
其中RA是卤原子或低碳数烷基;
C环是被1至3个选自下列各基团所组成的组中的取代基取代的苯基:卤原子、氰基、低碳数烷基、卤代-低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、卤代-低碳数烷氧基、亚甲基二氧基、亚乙基氧基、单-或二-低碳数烷基氨基、氨基甲酰基与单-或二-低碳数烷基氨基甲酰基;或被1至3个选自由以下组成的组中的取代基取代的杂环基:卤原子、氰基、低碳数烷基、卤代-低碳数烷基、低碳数烷氧基、卤代-低碳数烷氧基、单-或二-低碳数烷基氨基、氨基甲酰基与单-或二-低碳数烷基氨基甲酰基;及
DPP4抑制剂是式(29)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,A表示-CH2-或-S-,R1表示氢原子、低碳数烷基、羟基低碳数烷基或低碳数烷氧基低碳数烷基,R2表示(1)可被取代的环基,其中该环基部分是(i)单环、双环或三环的烃基,或(ii)单环、双环或三环的杂环基,或(2)可被取代的氨基或
DPP4抑制剂是式(31)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中:
X是-NR1R2,其中R1与R2可相同或不同,且分别独立地为环烷基烷基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或可彼此键合形成任选地包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环任选地与任选地具有取代基的芳香环缩合,且该杂环任选地是螺环,
X是-NR3COR4,其中R3与R4相同或不同,其分别独立地为氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
X是-NR5CONR6R7或-NR5CH2CH2NR6R7,其中R5、R6与R7相同或不同,且分别独立地为氢原子、烷基、酰基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或R6与R7可彼此键合形成任选地包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环任选地与任选地具有取代基的芳香环缩合,
X是-NR8SO2R9,其中R8与R9相同或不同,且分别独立地为氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或
X是-OR10或-OCOR11,其中R10与R11分别是氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
Y是CH2、CH-OH、S、S=O或SO2,
Z是氢原子或氰基,且
在上述基团中,烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基、杂芳基烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基与杂环分别任选地具有取代基;或
DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀(Sitagliptin)或其医药上可接受的盐;
(c)SGLT抑制剂是式(26)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,R1是氟或氯,R2是氢或氟;及
DPP4抑制剂是式(29)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中,A表示-CH2-或-S-,R1表示氢原子、低碳数烷基、羟基低碳数烷基或低碳数烷氧基低碳数烷基,R2表示(1)可被取代的环基,其中该环基部分是(i)单环、双环或三环的烃基,或(ii)单环、双环或三环的杂环基,或(2)可被取代的氨基;或
DPP4抑制剂是式(31)的化合物,或其医药上可接受的盐:
其中:
X是-NR1R2,其中R1与R2可相同或相异,且分别独立是环烷基烷基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或可相互键合形成视需要包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环视需要与视需要具有取代基的芳香环缩合,且该杂环视需要是螺环,
X是-NR3COR4,其中R3与R4相同或相异,其分别独立是氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
X是-NR5CONR6R7或-NR5CH2CH2NR6R7,其中R5、R6与R7相同或相异,且分别独立是氢原子、烷基、酰基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或R6与R7可相互键合形成视需要包含1或2个氮原子或氧原子的杂环,该杂环视需要与视需要具有取代基的芳香环缩合,
X是-NR8SO2R9,其中R8与R9相同或相异,且分别独立是氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,或
X是-OR10或-OCOR11,其中R10与R11分别是氢原子、烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂芳基或杂芳基烷基,
Y是CH2、CH-OH、S、S=O或SO2,
Z是氢原子或氰基,且
上述基团中,烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、芳基烯基、杂芳基、杂芳基烷基、环烷基、环烷基烷基与杂环分别视需要具有取代基;或
DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀(Sitagliptin)或其医药上可接受的盐;及
(d)SGLT抑制剂选自:
(i)1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-2-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯或其医药上可接受的盐;
(ii)3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;
(iii)1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-3-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯或其医药上可接受的盐;
(iv)3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-4-氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚或其医药上可接受的盐;及
(v)3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-4,6-二氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚或其医药上可接受的盐;及
DPP4抑制剂选自:
(i)3-[(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)-哌嗪-1-基]吡咯烷-2-基羰基]噻唑烷或其医药上可接受的盐(例如:氢溴酸盐);
(ii)西他列汀(Sitagliptin)(即(3R)-3-氨基-1-[3-(三氟甲基)-5,6,7,8-四氢-5H-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-a]吡嗪-7-基]-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)丁烷-1-酮)或其医药上可接受的盐(例如:磷酸盐);及
(iii)(2S)-2-氰基-1-[反式-4-(二甲基氨基羰基)环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷或其医药上可接受的盐(例如:苯磺酸盐)。
当该SGLT抑制剂经口或非经肠式投药时,该剂量通常选自约0.01至100mg/kg/天的范围内,优选约0.01至30mg/kg/天。当该SGLT抑制剂经口投药时,该剂量通常选自约0.03至100mg/kg/天的范围内,优选约0.03至30mg/kg/天,更优选约0.03至10mg/kg/天。当该SGLT抑制剂以非经肠式投药时,该剂量通常选自约0.01至30mg/kg/天的范围内,优选约0.01至10mg/kg/天,更优选约0.01至3mg/kg/天。
当该DPP4抑制剂经口或非经肠式投药时,该剂量通常选自约0.01至30mg/kg/天的范围内,优选约0.01至10mg/kg/天。当该DPP4抑制剂经口投药时,该剂量通常选自约0.03至30mg/kg/天的范围内,优选约0.03至10mg/kg/天,更优选约0.03至3mg/kg/天。当该DPP4抑制剂以非经肠式投药时,该剂量通常选自约0.01至10mg/kg/天的范围内,优选约0.01至3mg/kg/天,更优选约0.01至1mg/kg/天。
各抑制剂之间的剂量比例可依据患者的年龄、体重、性别、病症严重性与投药途径适当选择。例如:DPP4抑制剂与SGLT抑制剂之间的重量∶重量剂量比(DPP4抑制剂∶SGLT抑制剂)通常落入1∶0.01至1∶600,优选1∶0.1至1∶300,更优选1∶0.5至1∶30的范围内。
根据本发明,该SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂二者均可依上述日剂量投药一次或数次。
实施例
实施例1:
SGLT抑制剂在接受葡萄糖处理的DPP4缺陷大鼠中对血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的效果
(a)动物:
DPP4缺陷雄性Fisher大鼠(购自CharlesRiverJapan,Inc.)
(b)方法:
(b-1)试验化合物的制备与投予
将试验化合物以示于表1的剂量悬浮于含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液中,经口投予试验组,体积为5mL/kg。媒剂(vehicle)对照组则接受经口投予含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液,体积为5mL/kg。在投予化合物或媒剂后,立即经口投予葡萄糖溶液(2g/kg/5ml)。(b-2)血液收集过程与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的测定
在即将投予葡萄糖之前及投予葡萄糖之后0.5、1及3小时,从未麻醉的大鼠的尾静脉收集血液。利用RATENDOCRINELINCOplexKIT(LINCOResearch)测定血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
(b-3)试验化合物
使用下列化合物:
化合物A:
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-2-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯(参见:美国专利申请公开2005/0233988)。
(c)结果:
结果示于表1。
表1
结果以平均值±SEM(n=6)表示。
采用邓肯氏法(Dunnett′smethod)分析组间的统计差异。相对于对照组;*:P<0.05,**:P<0.01。
如上述表1所示,化合物A显著提高DPP4缺陷大鼠的血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。此结果显示化合物A对血浆中活性GLP-1的加强效应是非DPP4依赖性。此结果的最可能解释是化合物A提高GLP-1的分泌。
实施例2:
SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂对接受葡萄糖处理的正常大鼠血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的协同效应
(a)动物:
DPP4阳性雄性Fisher大鼠(购自JapanSLC,Inc.)
(b)方法:
(b-1)试验化合物的制备与投予
将各试验化合物以示于表2的剂量悬浮于含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液中,经口投予试验组,体积为5mL/kg。媒剂对照组则接受经口投予含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液,体积为5mL/kg。在投予化合物或媒剂后,立即经口投予葡萄糖溶液(2g/kg/5ml)。
(b-2)血液收集过程与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的测定
在即将投予葡萄糖之前及投予葡萄糖之后0.2、0.5、1及2小时,从未麻醉的大鼠的尾静脉收集血液。利用RATENDOCRINELINCOplexKIT(LINCOResearch公司)测定血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
(b-3)试验化合物
使用下列化合物:
化合物A:
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-2-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;及
化合物B:
(2S)-2-氰基-1-[反式-4-(吗啉基羰基)环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷(参见:美国专利6,849,622)。
(c)结果:
结果示于表2。
表2
结果以平均值±SEM(n=6)表示。
采用邓肯氏法(Dunnett′smethod)分析组间的统计差异。相对于对照组,*:P<0.05,**:P<0.01。
如表2所示,当分开投予SLGT抑制剂时,未提高活性GLP-1浓度。DPP4抑制剂的单独处理仅在0.2小时时提高血浆中活性GLP-1。另一方面,化合物A与化合物B的组合处理对DPP4阳性大鼠产生显著且延长提高的血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
实施例3:
SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂对接受葡萄糖处理的糖尿病小鼠的血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的效果
(a)动物:
雄性BKS.Cg-+Leprdb/+Leprdb/Jc1小鼠;第2型糖尿病的动物模型(购自CLEAJapan,Inc.)
(b)方法:
(b-1)试验化合物的制备与投予
将各试验化合物以示于表3的剂量悬浮于含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液中,经口投予试验组,体积为5mL/kg。媒剂对照组则接受经口投予含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液,体积为5mL/kg。在投予化合物或媒剂后,立即经口投予葡萄糖溶液(2g/kg/5ml)。
(b-2)血液收集过程与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的测定
在即将投予葡萄糖之前及投予葡萄糖之后0.5、1及2小时,从未麻醉的小鼠的尾静脉收集血液。利用RATENDOCRINELINCOplexKIT(LINCOResearch公司)测定血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
(b-3)试验化合物
使用下列化合物:
化合物A:
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-2-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯;及
化合物B:
(2S)-2-氰基-1-[反式-4-(吗啉基羰基)环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷。
(c)结果:
结果示于表3。
表3
结果以平均值±SEM(n=8)表示。
采用邓肯氏法(Dunnett′smethod)分析组间的统计差异。相对于对照组,*:P<0.05,**:P<0.01。
如上述表3所示,化合物A与化合物B的组合不仅对正常动物组,而且对第2型糖尿病动物模型也显著提高血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
实施例4:
SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂对接受葡萄糖处理的正常大鼠血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的协同效应
(a)动物:
DPP4阳性雄性Fisher大鼠(购自JapanSLC,Inc.)
(b)方法:
(b-1)试验化合物的制备与投予
将各试验化合物以示于表4、5或6的剂量悬浮于含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液中,经口投予试验组,体积为5mL/kg。媒剂对照组则接受经口投予含0.2%吐温80(Tween80)的0.5%羧甲基纤维素溶液,体积为5mL/kg。在投予化合物或媒剂后,立即经口投予葡萄糖溶液(2g/kg/5ml)。
(b-2)血液收集过程与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的测定
依表中描述的适当时间,从未麻醉的大鼠的尾静脉收集血液。利用RATENDOCRINELINCOplexKIT(LINCOResearch公司)测定血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
(b-3)试验化合物
将下列化合物用于试验:
化合物C:
3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯(参见:美国专利申请公开2005/0233988);
化合物D:
1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-氯-3-[5-(6-氟-3-吡啶基)-2-噻吩基甲基]苯(参见:美国专利申请公开2005/0233988);
化合物E:
3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-4-氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚(参见:WO2008/013322小册子);
化合物F:
3-(4-环丙基苯基甲基)-4,6-二氟-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)吲哚(参见:WO2008/013322小册子);
化合物G:
3-[(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1-基]吡咯烷-2-基羰基]噻唑烷氢溴酸盐(参见:美国专利7,074,794)
化合物H:
西他列汀(Sitagliptin)磷酸盐;与
化合物I:
(2S)-2-氰基-1-[反式-4-(二甲基氨基羰基)环己基氨基]乙酰基吡咯烷苯磺酸盐(参见:美国专利6,849,622)。
(c)结果:
结果示于表4至6。
表4
结果以平均值±SEM(n=5或6)表示。
采用邓肯氏法(Dunnett′smethod)分析组间的统计差异。相对于对照组,*:P<0.05,**:P<0.01。
表5
试验化合物 | 剂量(mg/kg) | 经口投药后2小时的GLP-1浓度(pM) |
对照组 | 3.8±0.4 | |
化合物H | 10 | 4.1±0.5 |
化合物C+化合物H | 30+10 | 15.9±1.0** |
化合物E+化合物H | 30+10 | 19.1±2.0** |
化合物F+化合物H | 30+10 | 16.7±1.5** |
结果以平均值±SEM(n=6)表示。
采用邓肯氏法(Dunnett′smethod)分析组间的统计差异。相对于对照组,*:P<0.05,**:P<0.01。
表6:
试验化合物 | 剂量(mg/kg) | 经口投药后2小时的GLP-1浓度(pM)41 --> |
对照组 | 5.5±2.5 | |
化合物I | 10 | 4.0±0.6 |
化合物C+化合物I | 30+10 | 21.4±2.3** |
化合物E+化合物I | 30+10 | 26.1±3.1** |
结果以平均值±SEM(n=5或6)表示。
采用邓肯氏法(Dunnett′smethod)分析组间的统计差异。相对于对照组,*P:<0.05,**:P<0.01。
如表4至6所示,SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合处理对DPP4阳性大鼠产生显著且延长提高的血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
这些结果显示SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合实质上提高血浆中活性GLP-1浓度。
根据本发明,SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合可用于预防或治疗某些与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病,其中DPP4抑制剂的剂量实质上低于目前用于该病症的单方疗法时的剂量,因此可以降低产生与抑制DPP4活性有关的不期望的副作用的可能。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于提高血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的医药组合物,其包含SGLT抑制剂、DPP4抑制剂与医药上可接受的载体或稀释剂,其中,
该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及该DPP4抑制剂是3-[(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1-基]吡咯烷-2-基羰基]噻唑烷或其医药上可接受的盐;或者
该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及该DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀或其医药上可接受的盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的医药组合物,其中该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及
该DPP4抑制剂是3-[(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1-基]吡咯烷-2-基羰基]噻唑烷或其医药上可接受的盐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的医药组合物,其中该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及
该DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀或其医药上可接受的盐。
4.根据权利要求1所述的医药组合物,其用于治疗或预防糖尿病或糖尿病相关病症。
5.根据权利要求1所述的医药组合物,其用于预防或治疗与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病。
6.根据权利要求1所述的医药组合物的用途,其用于制备提高血浆中活性GLP-1浓度的药剂。
7.一种根据权利要求1所述的医药组合物的剂型,其中所述剂型以供同时、分开或连续使用的组合制剂存在。
8.一种SGLT抑制剂与DPP4抑制剂的组合的用途,其用于制备用于治疗或预防与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病的药剂,其中所述与血浆中活性GLP-1浓度有关的疾病选自糖尿病和糖尿病相关病症,并且其中,
该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及该DPP4抑制剂是3-[(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1-基]吡咯烷-2-基羰基]噻唑烷或其医药上可接受的盐;或者
该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及该DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀或其医药上可接受的盐。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用途,其中,该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及
该DPP4抑制剂是3-[(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1-基]吡咯烷-2-基羰基]噻唑烷或其医药上可接受的盐。
10.根据权利要求8所述的用途,其中,该SGLT抑制剂是3-(5-(4-氟苯基)-2-噻吩基甲基)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-4-甲基苯或其医药上可接受的盐;及
该DPP4抑制剂是西他列汀或其医药上可接受的盐。
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CL2008003653A1 (es) | 2010-03-05 |
RU2010134362A (ru) | 2012-02-27 |
JP2015044845A (ja) | 2015-03-12 |
JP5646588B2 (ja) | 2014-12-24 |
US20110059912A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
US20140371162A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
US8853385B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 |
AU2009205060B2 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
MX2010007818A (es) | 2010-08-09 |
CN103599539A (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
AU2009205060A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
BRPI0906735A2 (pt) | 2015-07-07 |
CN101932321A (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
AU2009205060C1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
WO2009091082A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
JP5908563B2 (ja) | 2016-04-26 |
EP2252289A1 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
CA2712614A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
EP2252289B1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
KR101257554B1 (ko) | 2013-04-23 |
TW200932249A (en) | 2009-08-01 |
KR20100103874A (ko) | 2010-09-28 |
JP2013091654A (ja) | 2013-05-16 |
AR070193A1 (es) | 2010-03-17 |
CA2712614C (en) | 2014-05-27 |
TWI437996B (zh) | 2014-05-21 |
ES2763239T3 (es) | 2020-05-27 |
JP2011509922A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
JP5204849B2 (ja) | 2013-06-05 |
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