CN101506197A - 具有用吡啶基取代的三嗪环结构的化合物及有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents
具有用吡啶基取代的三嗪环结构的化合物及有机电致发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101506197A CN101506197A CNA2007800309992A CN200780030999A CN101506197A CN 101506197 A CN101506197 A CN 101506197A CN A2007800309992 A CNA2007800309992 A CN A2007800309992A CN 200780030999 A CN200780030999 A CN 200780030999A CN 101506197 A CN101506197 A CN 101506197A
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- -1 xenyl Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C1=NC=NC=N1 JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004062 acenaphthenyl group Chemical group C1(CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003739 carbamimidoyl group Chemical group C(N)(=N)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-quinoline Natural products C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,15S,18S,21R)-10,11,21-trihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-14-methylidene-4-(prop-2-enylamino)-20-oxa-5-thia-3-azahexacyclo[9.7.2.112,15.01,9.02,6.012,18]henicosa-2(6),3-dien-13-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@]23C(C1=C)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]12C(N=C(NCC=C)S4)=C4CC(C)(C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@]3(O)OC2 UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N (1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12R,13S,19S)-6-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-12,19-difluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9,13-dimethyl-6-azapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4[C@@H](F)C3)C)(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]2([C@@]1(C1)C(=O)CO)C)N1CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 AOSZTAHDEDLTLQ-AZKQZHLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/654—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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Abstract
公开了一种有机化合物,其作为用于具有高效率和高耐久性的有机EL器件的材料具有优良的特性。还公开了一种具有高效率和高耐久性的有机EL器件,其使用该有机化合物。具体地,公开了由以下通式(1)表示的化合物,其具有与吡啶基连结的三嗪环结构。此外,具体地,公开了一种有机电致发光器件,其具有一对电极和夹于该电极之间的至少一层有机层,其中将所述化合物用作用于至少一层有机层的构成材料。(在该式中,Ar表示取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、取代或未取代的芳香杂环基团,或取代或未取代的稠合多环芳香基团;R1-R8可相同或彼此不同,并且独立地表示氢原子、氟原子、三氟甲基、氰基、烷基、取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、取代或未取代的芳香杂环基团,或取代或未取代的稠合多环芳香基团)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及适于有机电致发光(EL)器件的化合物和器件,所述有机电致发光(EL)器件为适于各种显示器件的自发光器件。更具体地,其涉及具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物,和使用所述化合物的有机EL器件。
背景技术
由于有机EL器件为自发光器件,与液晶器件相比它们明亮、可见度良好,能够给出清晰的显示,因此,已经积极地研究有机EL器件。
在1987年,Eastman Kodak Company的C.W.Tang等通过开发具有多层结构的器件将使用有机材料的有机EL器件投入实际应用,在所述的多层结构中将各种职能分配到各材料。它们形成能够输送电子的荧光材料和能够输送空穴的有机材料的层压件,以便两种电荷注入荧光材料的层中以发光,由此在10V以下的电压下达到1000cd/m2以上的高亮度(参见例如,专利文件1和2)。
专利文件1:JP-A-8-48656
专利文件2:日本专利No.3194657
至今为止,为了有机EL器件的实际应用已经进行了许多改进,通过电致发光器件已经实现了高效率和耐久性,在所述电致发光器件中将阳极、空穴注入层、空穴输送层、发光层、电子输送层、电子注入层和阴极顺次地设置在基板上,以进一步划分各种职能(参见例如,非专利文件1)。
非专利文件1:Japan Society of Applied Physics NinthWorkshop Preprint,pp.55-61(2001)
此外,为了进一步提高发光效率的目的,已经尝试利用三重态激子(triplet exciton)和已经研究利用磷光材料(参见例如,非专利文件2)。
非专利文件2:Japan Society of Applied Physics NinthWorkshop Preprint,PP.23-31(2001)
发光层也可以通过用荧光材料或磷光材料掺杂通常称为基质材料(host material)的载流子输送化合物来制备。如在上述Workshop Preprints中所述,在有机EL器件中有机材料的选择显著地影响器件的效率和耐久性。
在有机EL器件中,从两个电极注入的电荷在发光层中再结合以实现发光。然而,由于空穴的迁移率高于电子的迁移率,发生由部分空穴通过发光层导致的效率降低的问题。因此,需要开发电子迁移率高的电子输送材料。
代表性的发光材料,三(8-羟基喹啉)铝(下文称为Alq)也通常用作电子输送材料,但不能认为该材料具有空穴阻止能力。
作为防止部分空穴通过发光层和提高在发光层中电荷再结合的概率的措施,存在插入空穴阻止层的方法。作为空穴阻止材料,迄今为止已提出了三唑衍生物(参见例如,专利文件3)、浴铜灵(下文称为B CP)、铝的混合配体配合物(BAlq)(参见例如,非专利文件2),等等。
专利文件3:日本专利No.2734341
另一方面,由于三嗪环的电子吸引性,已提议将具有三嗪环的化合物作为电子输送材料,但它们作为电子输送材料是不充分的,因为与邻近有机层形成激基复合物和形成电荷转移配合物(参见例如非专利文件3和4),因而已提议将它们用作发磷光器件的基质材料(参见例如非专利文件5)。
非专利文件3:J.M.Lupton et al.,J.Mater.Chem.10,876(2000)
非专利文件4:J.Pang et al.,J.Mater.Chem.12,206(2002)
非专利文件5:Chihaya Adachi et al.,J.Mater.Chem.16,1285(2004)
此外,已提议将二三嗪(ditriazine)衍生物作为具有比Alq更高迁移率的电子输送材料(参见例如非专利文件6),但与常规空穴输送材料如NPD和TPD具有的空穴的迁移率相比是不充分的。此外,所有这些材料在膜稳定性上是不足的,或在阻止空穴的功能上是不充分的。
非专利文件6:The Chemical Society of Japan,86th SpringMeeting Preprint,p.530(2006)
目前,通常使用的空穴阻止材料为B CP,但由于其为不充分稳定的材料,不能认为其充分地起空穴阻止层的功能,因而尚未获得令人满意的器件特性。
为了改进有机EL器件的器件特性,期望开发电子注入/输送性能和空穴阻止能力优良以及在薄膜状态下高度稳定的有机化合物。
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明的目的在于提供有机化合物,其作为用于具有高效率和高耐久性的有机EL器件的材料,具有优良的特性,即电子注入/输送性能优良,具有空穴阻止能力以及在薄膜状态下是高度稳定的,还提供使用该化合物的具有高效率和高耐久性的有机EL器件。关于适于本发明的有机化合物的物理性质,可提及:(1)良好的电子注入特性,(2)高的电子迁移率,(3)优良的空穴阻止能力,(4)在薄膜状态下良好的稳定性,以及(5)优良的耐热性。此外,关于适于本发明的器件的物理性质,可提及:(1)高发光效率,(2)低发光开始电压,(3)低实用驱动电压,以及(4)高的最大发光亮度。
用于解决问题的方案
因而,为了实现上述目的,本发明人基于以下事实已设计并化学合成了具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物:显示对电子亲和性的吡啶环的氮原子具有与金属配位的能力,以及吡啶环具有的优良的耐热性。本发明人已使用该化合物试验性地生产了各种有机EL器件,并已深入进行了器件的特性评价。结果,他们已完成本发明。
即,本发明提供具有其上连结有吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物,其由通式(1)表示;以及有机EL器件,所述器件包括一对电极和置于电极之间的至少一层有机层,其中所述有机层的至少一层包含所述化合物:
[化学式1]
其中Ar表示取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、取代或未取代的芳香杂环基团,或取代或未取代的稠合多环芳香基团;R1至R8可相同或彼此不同,并且各自独立地表示氢原子、氟原子、三氟甲基、氰基、烷基、取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、取代或未取代的芳香杂环基团,或取代或未取代的稠合多环芳香基团。
在通式(1)中在由Ar表示的取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、取代或未取代的芳香杂环基团,或取代或未取代的稠合多环芳香基团中的芳香烃基团、芳香杂环基团或稠合多环芳香基团具体包括以下基团:苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、四苯基、苯乙烯基、萘基、蒽基、苊基、芴基、菲基、茚基、芘基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、吡喃基、噻吩基、喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、咔唑基、苯并噁唑基、喹喔啉基、苯并咪唑基、吡唑基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、萘啶基、三嗪基和苯并噻唑基。
在通式(1)中在由Ar表示的取代的芳香烃基团、取代的芳香杂环基团或取代的稠合多环芳香基团中的取代基具体包括例如以下基团:氟原子、氯原子、氰基、羟基、硝基、烷基、环烷基、烷氧基、氨基、苯基、萘基、蒽基、芴基、苯乙烯基、联苯基、吡啶基、吡啶并吲哚基、喹啉基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻吩基和三嗪基。这些取代基可进一步被取代。
在通式(1)中在由R1至R8表示的吡啶基的取代基中,在取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、取代或未取代的芳香杂环基团或取代或未取代的稠合多环芳香基团中的芳香烃基团、芳香杂环基团或稠合多环芳香基团,具体包括以下基团:苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、四苯基、苯乙烯基、萘基、蒽基、苊基、芴基、菲基、茚基、芘基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、吡喃基、噻吩基、喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、咔唑基、苯并噁唑基、喹喔啉基、苯并咪唑基、吡唑基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基和萘啶基。
在通式(1)中在由R1至R8表示的吡啶基的取代基中,在取代的芳香烃基团、取代的芳香杂环基团或取代的稠合多环芳香基团中的取代基,具体包括以下基团:如氟原子、氯原子、氰基、羟基、硝基、具有1至6个碳原子的烷基、烷氧基、氨基、三氟甲基、萘基、芳烷基、芴基、茚基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、吡喃基、噻吩基、喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、咔唑基、苯并噁唑基、喹喔啉基、苯并咪唑基、吡唑基、二苯并呋喃基和二苯并噻吩基。这些取代基可进一步被取代。
与常规电子输送材料相比,本发明的由通式(1)表示的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物,提供高的电子迁移率,具有优良的空穴阻止能力并且在薄膜状态下是稳定的。
可将本发明的由通式(1)表示的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物用作用于有机EL器件的电子输送层的构成材料。显示比常规材料更高的电子注入/迁移速率的本发明化合物的使用提供以下效果:改进从电子输送层至发光层的电子输送效率以增强发光效率,还降低驱动电压以增强有机EL器件的耐久性。
还可将本发明的由通式(1)表示的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物用作用于有机EL器件的空穴阻止层的构成材料。空穴阻止能力优良和与常规材料相比电子输送性能也优良,并且在薄膜状态下具有高稳定性的本发明化合物的使用提供以下效果:降低驱动电压、改进耐电流性和增强有机EL器件的最大发光亮度,同时显示高发光效率。
还可将本发明的由通式(1)表示的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物用作用于有机EL器件的发光层的构成材料。发光层的使用提供实现有机EL器件显示降低的驱动电压和具有提高的发光效率的效果,所述发光层通过以下步骤制备:使用与常规材料相比电子输送性能优良和具有宽带隙的本发明的材料作为用于发光层的基质材料,并使在其上负载称为掺杂剂的发光材料或磷光材料。
由于本发明的有机EL器件使用具有三嗪环结构的化合物,变得可以实现高效率和高耐久性,所述三嗪环结构上非对称地连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基,和取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、芳香杂环基团或稠合多环芳香基团,所述化合物显示与常规电子输送材料相比高的电子迁移率,具有优良的空穴阻止能力,并且在薄膜状态下是稳定的。
发明的效果
根据本发明所述的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物作为用于有机EL器件的电子输送层、空穴阻止层或发光层的构成材料是有用的,常规有机EL器件的发光效率和耐久性可通过使用该化合物生产有机EL器件来改进。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的1H-NMR图。
图2为实施例2的1H-NMR图。
图3为实施例3的1H-NMR图。
图4为实施例4的1H-NMR图。
图5为实施例5的1H-NMR图。
图6为实施例6的1H-NMR图。
图7为显示实施例9至12的EL器件的构成的图。
图8为显示比较例1的EL器件的构成的图。
图9为比较实施例9和比较例1的电压/电流密度特性的图。
图10为比较实施例9和比较例1的电压/亮度特性的图。
图11为比较实施例9和比较例1的电流密度/亮度特性的图。
图12为比较实施例9和比较例1的电流密度/发光效率的图。
附图标记说明
1:玻璃基板
2:透明阳极
3:空穴输送层
4:发光层
5:空穴阻止层
6:电子输送层
7:阴极
具体实施方式
根据本发明的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物为新化合物,该化合物可通过例如以下步骤合成:使脒基锂(lithium amidinate)盐,和取代的氰基吡啶进行环化反应,由此合成具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物,所述脒基锂盐由相应的芳香烃化合物、芳香杂环化合物或稠合多环芳香化合物的氰基取代的化合物与烷基酰胺锂形成(参见例如专利文件7)。
此外,通过使化合物和芳基硼酸进行偶联反应如Suzuki偶联(参见例如非专利文件8),可进一步引入取代或未取代的芳香烃基团、取代或未取代的芳香杂环基团,或取代或未取代的稠合多环芳香基团,在所述化合物中,在通式(1)中在由Ar表示的芳香烃基团、芳香杂环基团或稠合多环芳香基团中,一个以上氢原子被卤原子取代。
非专利文件7:Matthew I.J.Polson et al.,Chem.Eur.J.10,3640(2004)
非专利文件8:N.Miyaura et al.,Synth.Commun.,11,513(1981)
在由通式(1)表示的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物中,优选化合物的具体实例示于以下,但本发明不限于这些化合物。
[化学式2]
[化学式3]
[化学式4]
[化学式5]
(化合物5)
[化学式6]
[化学式7]
[化学式8]
(化合物8)
[化学式9]
(化合物9)
[化学式10]
(化合物10)
[化学式11]
[化学式12]
[化学式13]
[化学式14]
(化合物14)
[化学式15]
[化学式16]
[化学式17]
[化学式18]
[化学式19]
[化学式20]
[化学式21]
[化学式22]
[化学式23]
[化学式24]
[化学式25]
[化学式26]
[化学式27]
[化学式28]
[化学式29]
[化学式30]
[化学式31]
[化学式32]
[化学式33]
[化学式34]
[化学式35]
[化学式36]
[化学式37]
[化学式38]
[化学式39]
[化学式40]
[化学式41]
[化学式42]
[化学式43]
[化学式44]
[化学式45]
(化合物45)
[化学式46]
[化学式47]
[化学式48]
(化合物48)
[化学式49]
(化合物49)
[化学式50]
(化合物50)
[化学式51]
(化合物51)
[化学式52]
[化学式53]
(化合物53)
[化学式54]
[化学式55]
[化学式56]
[化学式57]
[化学式58]
[化学式59]
(化合物59)
[化学式60]
[化学式61]
(化合物61)
[化学式62]
(化合物62)
[化学式63]
(化合物63)
将参考以下实施例更详细地描述本发明的实施方案,但不应将本发明解释为限于此,只要不超出其要旨即可。
实施例1
(2-[3-甲基-4-(萘-1-基)苯基]-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪(下文中称为αNPy-TRZ)(化合物2)的合成)
添加1.0g 2-(4-溴-3-甲基苯基)-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪、0.63g 1-萘硼酸、7.2ml 1M碳酸钾水溶液、0.14g四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、24ml甲苯和6ml乙醇,并将全体在加热和回流下搅拌5小时。冷却至室温后,向其添加水用于洗涤,由此获得粗产品。将所得粗产品溶于氯仿中,并通过柱色谱法(载体:NH二氧化硅凝胶,洗脱液:氯仿/己烷)纯化,以获得0.97g(产率88%)αNPy-TRZ(化合物2)的白色晶体。NMR分析(CDCl3)的结果如下。8.975(2H)、8.956(2H)、8.840-7.700(2H)、7.973-7.890(4H)、7.559-7.408(8H)、2.191(3H)。
实施例2
(2-[3-甲基-4-(异喹啉-4-基)苯基]-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪(下文中称为iQPy-TRZ)(化合物3)的合成)
添加1.0g 2-(4-溴代-3-甲基苯基)-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪、0.64g 4-异喹啉硼酸、7.2ml 1M碳酸钾水溶液、0.14g四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、24ml甲苯和6ml乙醇,并将全体在加热和回流下搅拌8小时。冷却至室温后,向其添加水用于洗涤,由此获得粗产品。将所得粗产品溶于氯仿中,并通过柱色谱法(载体:NH二氧化硅凝胶,洗脱液:氯仿/己烷)纯化,以获得0.79g(产率71%)iQPy-TRZ(化合物3)的白色晶体。NMR分析(CDCl3)的结果如下。9.323(1H)、8.973(2H)、8.862(2H)、8.790-8.755(2H)、8.480(1H)、8.140-7.952(3H)、7.668-7.477(6H)、2.222(3H)。
实施例3
(2-[3-甲基-4-(联苯-2-基)苯基]-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪(下文中称为BPPy-TRZ)(化合物4)的合成)
添加1.0g 2-(4-溴代-3-甲基苯基)-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪、0.73g 2-联苯-2-基硼酸、7.2ml 1M碳酸钾水溶液、0.14g四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、24ml甲苯和6ml乙醇,并将全体在加热和回流下搅拌8小时。冷却至室温后,向其添加水用于洗涤,由此获得粗产品。将所得粗产品溶于氯仿中,并通过柱色谱法(载体:NH二氧化硅凝胶,洗脱液:氯仿/己烷)纯化,以获得0.90g(产率76%)BPPy-TRZ(化合物4)的白色晶体。NMR分析(CDCl3)的结果如下。8.942(2H)、8.820(2H)、8.587-8.523(2H)、7.970-7.919(2H)、7.537-7.333(7H)、7.136(5H)、2.062(3H)。
实施例4
(2-[3-甲基-4-[10-(萘-2-基)蒽-9-基]苯基]-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪(下文中称为βNAPPy-TRZ)(化合物7)的合成)
添加1.0g 2-(4-溴代-3-甲基苯基)-4,6-二-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪、1.28g 10-(萘-2-基)蒽-9-硼酸、7.2ml 1M碳酸钾水溶液、0.06g四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、23ml甲苯和8ml乙醇,并将全体在加热和回流下搅拌10小时。冷却至室温后,向其添加水用于洗涤,由此获得粗产品。将所得粗产品溶于氯仿中,并通过柱色谱法(载体:NH二氧化硅凝胶,洗脱液:氯仿/己烷)纯化,以获得1.22g(产率40%)βNAPPy-TRZ(化合物7)的黄色晶体。NMR分析(CDCl3)的结果如下。9.005(2H)、8.919-8.835(4H)、8.114-7.932(6H)、7.777-7.758(2H)、7.753-7.550(8H)、7.381-7.278(4H)、2.140(3H)。
实施例5
(2-[3-甲基-4-(萘-1-基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,2′-联吡啶-6-基)(1,3,5)三嗪(下文中称为αNBPy-TRZ)(化合物55)的合成)
添加3.0g 2-(4-溴代-3-甲基苯基)-4,6-双(2,2′-联吡啶-6-基)(1,3,5)三嗪、1.87g 1-萘硼酸、21.9ml 1M碳酸钾水溶液、0.42g四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、68ml甲苯和17ml乙醇,并将全体在加热和回流下搅拌5.5小时。冷却至室温后,向其添加水用于洗涤,由此获得粗产品。将所得粗产品用甲醇洗涤,以获得3.03g(产率55%)的αNBPy-TRZ(化合物55)的白色晶体。NMR分析(CDCl3)的结果如下。8.962-8.716(10H)、8.168-8.110(2H)、7.975-7.911(4H)、7.614-7.369(8H)、2.235(3H)。
实施例6
(2-[3-甲基-4-(异喹啉-4-基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,2′-联吡啶-6-基)(1,3,5)三嗪(下文中称为iQBPy-TRZ)(化合物63)的合成)
添加3.88g 2-(4-溴代-3-甲基苯基)-4,6-双(2,2′-联吡啶-6-基)-2-吡啶基(1,3,5)三嗪、3.64g 4-异喹啉硼酸、28.5ml1M碳酸钾水溶液、0.55g四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、84ml甲苯和21ml乙醇,并将全体在加热和回流下搅拌5小时。冷却至室温后,向其添加水用于洗涤,由此获得粗产品。将所得粗产品用甲醇洗涤,溶于氯仿中,并通过柱色谱法(载体:NH二氧化硅凝胶,洗脱液:氯仿/己烷)纯化,以获得3.44g(产率88%)iQBPy-TRZ(化合物63)的白色晶体。NMR分析(CDCl3)的结果如下。9.348(1H)、8.953-8.846(6H)、8.753-8.730(4H)、8.522(1H)、8.160-8.090(3H)、7.950-7.947(2H)、7.670-7,664(2H)、7.562-7.531(2H)、7.407-7.387(2H)、2.266(3H)。
实施例7
对于本发明的化合物,熔点和玻璃化转变点借助于高灵敏差示扫描量热仪(由Bruker AXS制造的DSC 3100S)来测定。
熔点 玻璃化转变点
αNPy-TRZ(化合物2) 121.9℃ 96.1℃
iQPy-TRZ(化合物3) 227.2℃ 100.2℃
BPPy-TRZ(化合物4) 219.0℃ 90.4℃
βNAPPy-TRZ(化合物7) 347.5℃ 171.1℃
αNBPy-TRZ(化合物55) 219.2℃ 104.0℃
iQBPy-TRZ(化合物63) 218.1℃ 108.09C
本发明的化合物显示高的玻璃化转变点,因而在薄膜状态下是稳定的。
实施例8
使用本发明的各化合物,在ITO基板上制备具有100nm膜厚度的沉积膜,功函数在大气光电子分光计(AC3型,由RikenKeiki Co.,Ltd.制造)上测量。
功函数
αNPy-TRZ(化合物2) 6.54eV
iQPy-TRZ(化合物3) 6.32eV
BPPy-TRZ(化合物4) 6.41eV
因而,本发明的化合物具有比常规空穴输送材料如NPD和TPD具有的5.4eV的功函数更深的值,并具有大的空穴阻止能力。
实施例9
如图7所示,有机EL器件通过以此顺序在玻璃基板1上沉积空穴输送层3、发光层4、空穴阻止层5、电子输送层6,和阴极(镁电极)7来制备,在所述玻璃基板上ITO电极已预先作为透明阳极2而形成。将在其上已形成具有150nm膜厚度ITO的玻璃基板1用有机溶剂洗涤后,将表面通过UV臭氧处理来洗涤。将其固定于真空沉积机中,然后将该机器抽空至0.001Pa以下。
随后,以6nm/min的沉积速度在其上形成NPD至厚度约50nm作为空穴输送层3。作为发光层4,以6nm/min的沉积速度在其上形成Alq3至厚度约20nm。在发光层4上,以6nm/min的沉积速度形成αNPy-TRZ(化合物2)至厚度约30nm作为空穴阻止层-兼-电子输送层5和6。最后,将压力设回至大气压,插入阴极沉积用掩膜(mask)。然后,再次降低压力,以10:1的比例沉积MgAg合金至厚度约200nm,以形成阴极7。将制备的器件保存在真空干燥器中,在常温下在大气中测量特性。结果示于图9至图12中。
作为施加直流电压至这样形成的本发明的有机EL器件的结果,从5.07V开始观察到100cd/m2的发光,在9.41V下,流过300mA/cm2的电流,以获得10600cd/m2的绿色发光。在该亮度下的发光效率为3.61cd/A。断点前该器件的最大亮度为24910cd/m2。
实施例10
除了将空穴阻止层-兼-电子输送层5和6的材料用本发明的iQPy-TRZ(化合物3)代替之外,在与实施例9相同的条件下制备有机EL器件。作为施加直流电压至该器件的结果,从4.41V开始观察到100cd/m2的发光,在8.79V下,流过300mA/cm2的电流,以获得11200cd/m2的绿色发光。在该亮度下的发光效率为3.68cd/A。断点前该器件的最大亮度为29500cd/m2。
实施例11
除了将空穴阻止层-兼-电子输送层5和6的材料用本发明的BPPy-TRZ(化合物4)代替之外,在与实施例9相同的条件下制备有机EL器件。作为施加直流电压至该器件的结果,从4.63V开始观察到100cd/m2的发光,在8.76V下,流过300mA/cm2的电流,以获得10100cd/m2的绿色发光。在该亮度下的发光效率为3.35cd/A。断点前该器件的最大亮度为20400cd/m2。
实施例12
除了将空穴阻止层-兼-电子输送层5和6的材料用本发明的iQBPy-TRZ(化合物63)代替之外,在与实施例9相同的条件下制备有机EL器件。作为施加直流电压至该器件的结果,从4.35V开始观察到100cd/m2的发光,在8.26V下,流过300mA/cm2的电流,以获得9040cd/m2的绿色发光。在该亮度下的发光效率为3.01cd/A。断点前该器件的最大亮度为26200cd/m2。
[比较例1]
为了比较,除了将电子输送层6的材料用Alq3代替之外,在与实施例9相同的条件下制备有机EL器件,并研究其特性。即,以6nm/min的沉积速度形成Alq3至厚度约50nm,作为发光层-兼-电子输送层4和6。从5.52V开始观察到100cd/m2的发光,在9.46V下,流过300mA/cm2的电流,以获得9400cd/m2的绿色发光。在该亮度下的发光效率为2.96cd/A。断点前该器件的最大亮度为17350cd/m2。
因而,显示与使用用作常规电子输送材料的Alq3的器件相比,本发明的有机EL器件的发光效率优良。
虽然已详细地并且参考其具体实施方案描述了本发明,但对本领域技术人员而言,明显的是可形成各种变化和改进而无需背离其意图和范围。
本申请基于2006年8月21日提交的日本专利申请No.2006-223725,在此将其内容引入以作参考。
产业上的可利用性
由于根据本发明的具有其上连结有取代或未取代的吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物显示良好的发光效率和在薄膜状态下是稳定的,该化合物作为用于有机EL器件的化合物是优良的。通过制备使用该化合物的有机EL器件,能够改进器件寿命和耐久性。例如,可以将该化合物扩展至家用电器和照明用途。
Claims (6)
2.一种有机电致发光器件,其包括一对电极和置于所述电极之间的至少一层有机层,其中所述有机层的至少一层包含根据权利要求1所述的具有其上连结有吡啶基的三嗪环结构的化合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的有机电致发光器件,其中所述有机层包括电子输送层,并且由通式(1)表示的化合物存在于所述电子输送层中。
4.根据权利要求2所述的有机电致发光器件,其中所述有机层包括空穴阻止层,并且由通式(1)表示的化合物存在于所述空穴阻止层中。
5.根据权利要求2所述的有机电致发光器件,其中所述有机层包括发光层,并且由通式(1)表示的化合物存在于发光层中。
6.根据权利要求2所述的有机电致发光器件,其中所述有机层包括电子注入层,并且由通式(1)表示的化合物存在于电子注入层中。
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Cited By (8)
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CN103325950A (zh) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-25 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 电荷传输层以及包含其的膜 |
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CN105659403A (zh) * | 2013-08-19 | 2016-06-08 | 诺瓦尔德股份有限公司 | 包含锚定式薄分子层的电子或光电子器件,其制备方法和在其中使用的化合物 |
CN105659403B (zh) * | 2013-08-19 | 2018-06-29 | 诺瓦尔德股份有限公司 | 包含锚定式薄分子层的电子或光电子器件,其制备方法和在其中使用的化合物 |
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US11434223B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2022-09-06 | Wuhan Tianma Micro-Electronics Co., Ltd. | Nitrogen heterocyclic compound, display panel and display apparatus |
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WO2021129639A1 (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-01 | 陕西莱特光电材料股份有限公司 | 一种有机化合物和应用以及使用其的有机电致发光器件 |
CN112500330B (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-07-26 | 陕西莱特光电材料股份有限公司 | 一种有机化合物和应用以及使用其的有机电致发光器件 |
Also Published As
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WO2008023628A1 (fr) | 2008-02-28 |
JPWO2008023628A1 (ja) | 2010-01-07 |
TW200815408A (en) | 2008-04-01 |
KR20090060276A (ko) | 2009-06-11 |
EP2236506A1 (en) | 2010-10-06 |
EP2055704A4 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
EP2055704A1 (en) | 2009-05-06 |
US20100090588A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
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