BR9912195A - Sistema de células de combustìvel e método de controle das células - Google Patents
Sistema de células de combustìvel e método de controle das célulasInfo
- Publication number
- BR9912195A BR9912195A BR9912195-6A BR9912195A BR9912195A BR 9912195 A BR9912195 A BR 9912195A BR 9912195 A BR9912195 A BR 9912195A BR 9912195 A BR9912195 A BR 9912195A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- output
- control unit
- fuel cells
- point
- output voltage
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04626—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04656—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04947—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
"SISTEMA DE CéLULAS DE COMBUSTìVEL E MéTODO DE CONTROLE DAS CéLULAS". Uma unidade de controle 20 calcula a saída requerida de um inversor 44 a partir de um curso de acelerador introduzido (etapa S12). A unidade de controle 20 especifica uma característica de voltagem de saída -de corrente elétrica de saída correspondente a uma vazão de gás, obtém um ponto de eficiência de conversão de energia mais alto na característica especificada, para especificar o ponto como um ponto de trabalho das células de combustível 36, e computa uma potência elétrica de saída das células de combustível 36 no ponto de trabalho especificado (etapas S16 até S20). A unidade de controle 20 determina uma voltagem de saída requerida para uma bateria 40, com base em uma diferença entre a saída requerida calculada do inversor e a potência elétrica de saída computada das células de combustível e em um SOC da bateria 40 (etapa S24). A unidade de controle 20 controla um conversor DC-DC 38, e regula a voltagem de saída do conversor DC-DC 38, de modo a fazer com que a bateria 40 gere a voltagem de saída assim determinada (etapa S28). A 20, subseq³entemente, controla o inversor 44, de modo a fazer com que um motor 46 consuma a potência elétrica correspondente à saída requerida (etapa S30). Este arranjo permite que as células de combustível 36 sejam ativadas no ponto de trabalho de eficiência de conversão de energia alta.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP19676398A JP4464474B2 (ja) | 1998-06-25 | 1998-06-25 | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池車両及び燃料電池制御方法 |
PCT/JP1999/002909 WO1999067846A1 (fr) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-05-31 | Systeme de pile a combustible et procede de commande de pile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BR9912195A true BR9912195A (pt) | 2004-07-27 |
BR9912195B1 BR9912195B1 (pt) | 2010-06-01 |
Family
ID=16363223
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI9912195-6A BR9912195B1 (pt) | 1998-06-25 | 1999-05-31 | sistema de células de combustìvel e método de controle das células. |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6656618B2 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP1091437B1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP4464474B2 (pt) |
KR (1) | KR100386145B1 (pt) |
CN (1) | CN1143405C (pt) |
BR (1) | BR9912195B1 (pt) |
CA (1) | CA2333122C (pt) |
CZ (1) | CZ299893B6 (pt) |
DE (1) | DE69940431D1 (pt) |
ES (1) | ES2318894T3 (pt) |
PL (1) | PL192917B1 (pt) |
RU (1) | RU2226018C2 (pt) |
WO (1) | WO1999067846A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (119)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1055545B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2004-01-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle with fuel cells incorporated therein and method of controlling the same |
JP4550955B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-09 | 2010-09-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
US6379826B1 (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2002-04-30 | Plug Power Inc. | Regulating a fuel cell powered heating system |
US6428918B1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2002-08-06 | Avista Laboratories, Inc. | Fuel cell power systems, direct current voltage converters, fuel cell power generation methods, power conditioning methods and direct current power conditioning methods |
JP5140894B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-15 | 2013-02-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池と充放電可能な蓄電部とを利用した電力の供給 |
JP3875458B2 (ja) | 2000-06-30 | 2007-01-31 | 株式会社東芝 | 送受信一体型高周波装置 |
US6568633B2 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2003-05-27 | James P. Dunn | Fuel cell powered electric aircraft |
JP4967182B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-11 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
JP4206630B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-04 | 2009-01-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池を有する直流電源 |
JP4218202B2 (ja) | 2000-10-04 | 2009-02-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池を有する直流電源 |
JP2002141073A (ja) | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-17 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 移動体用燃料電池システム |
JP5017760B2 (ja) | 2000-11-28 | 2012-09-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池の出力特性推定装置および出力特性推定方法、燃料電池システムおよびこれを搭載する車両、燃料電池出力制御方法並びに記憶媒体 |
JP3724365B2 (ja) | 2000-12-04 | 2005-12-07 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの制御装置及び方法 |
JP3928154B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-29 | 2007-06-13 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池電源装置 |
EP1392544B1 (de) * | 2001-06-05 | 2009-03-04 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur steuerung von energieversorgern in antriebssystemen und antriebssystem |
EP1410453B1 (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2008-09-03 | Tel-Aviv University Future Technology Development L.P. | Fuel cell with proton conducting membrane and with improved water and fuel management |
US6953630B2 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2005-10-11 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Fuel cell anomaly detection method and apparatus |
US6979504B2 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2005-12-27 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Fuel cell system automatic power switching method and apparatus |
JP3659204B2 (ja) | 2001-08-30 | 2005-06-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 移動体用燃料電池パワープラント |
US6555989B1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-04-29 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Efficient load-following power generating system |
JP3800086B2 (ja) | 2001-12-19 | 2006-07-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 車両用燃料電池パワープラント |
CA2475504C (en) | 2002-02-06 | 2013-07-09 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Methods of removing contaminants from a fuel cell electrode |
JP3736474B2 (ja) | 2002-02-22 | 2006-01-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP3911435B2 (ja) | 2002-04-11 | 2007-05-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電源システムおよびその制御方法 |
US6893756B2 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2005-05-17 | General Motors Corporation | Lambda sensing with a fuel cell stack |
DE10223117B4 (de) * | 2002-05-24 | 2014-04-30 | Nucellsys Gmbh | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Steuerung der Energieversorgung eines elektrischen Antriebs mit einem hybriden Energieversorgungssystem in einem Fahrzeug |
KR20040009647A (ko) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-01-31 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 자가 발전 시스템 및 그 제어방법 |
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JP3720024B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-10 | 2005-11-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 電子機器システムおよび動作制御方法 |
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FR2851091B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-07 | 2005-03-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Convertisseur electrique pour pile a combustible |
JP3842744B2 (ja) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-11-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 電子機器および同機器の給電状態表示方法 |
JP3764429B2 (ja) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-04-05 | 株式会社東芝 | 電子機器および電子機器の給電切り換え制御方法 |
CN100349317C (zh) * | 2003-04-08 | 2007-11-14 | 亚太燃料电池科技股份有限公司 | 燃料电池组的控制装置及方法 |
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JP4136770B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-22 | 2008-08-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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JP4381038B2 (ja) | 2003-06-06 | 2009-12-09 | 株式会社東芝 | 送受信装置およびケーブルモデムモジュール装置 |
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- 1999-05-31 BR BRPI9912195-6A patent/BR9912195B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1999-05-31 KR KR10-2000-7014212A patent/KR100386145B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-31 DE DE69940431T patent/DE69940431D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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DE69940431D1 (de) | 2009-04-02 |
EP1091437A1 (en) | 2001-04-11 |
CA2333122A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
CA2333122C (en) | 2004-08-10 |
CZ299893B6 (cs) | 2008-12-29 |
BR9912195B1 (pt) | 2010-06-01 |
PL192917B1 (pl) | 2006-12-29 |
US7476457B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 |
EP1091437B1 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
JP4464474B2 (ja) | 2010-05-19 |
US20010018138A1 (en) | 2001-08-30 |
PL344400A1 (en) | 2001-11-05 |
KR20010052874A (ko) | 2001-06-25 |
US6656618B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
RU2226018C2 (ru) | 2004-03-20 |
WO1999067846A1 (fr) | 1999-12-29 |
ES2318894T3 (es) | 2009-05-01 |
KR100386145B1 (ko) | 2003-06-02 |
JP2000012059A (ja) | 2000-01-14 |
CN1307735A (zh) | 2001-08-08 |
CZ20004840A3 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
CN1143405C (zh) | 2004-03-24 |
EP1091437A4 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
US20040048119A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
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