WO2018180548A1 - 感光性組成物、硬化膜および有機el表示装置 - Google Patents
感光性組成物、硬化膜および有機el表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018180548A1 WO2018180548A1 PCT/JP2018/010246 JP2018010246W WO2018180548A1 WO 2018180548 A1 WO2018180548 A1 WO 2018180548A1 JP 2018010246 W JP2018010246 W JP 2018010246W WO 2018180548 A1 WO2018180548 A1 WO 2018180548A1
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- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
- H10K77/111—Flexible substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
- H10K59/8792—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive composition, a cured film, and an organic EL display device.
- An organic EL display device is a self-luminous display device that emits light using energy generated by recombination of electrons injected from a cathode and holes injected from an anode. It is known that an organic light emitting material used for a light emitting pixel of an organic EL display device is weak against gas components and moisture, and the light emission reliability of the organic EL display device is lowered by exposure to these. In order to improve the light emission reliability, not only the durability of the organic light emitting material itself is improved, but also the peripheral material constituting the light emitting element such as a pixel dividing layer formed on the electrode and a planarizing layer covering the driving circuit is provided. Improvement of characteristics is indispensable.
- a technique for preventing the reflection of the outside light is required.
- a technique for preventing external light reflection for example, a technique of providing a polarizing plate on the light extraction side of the light emitting element is generally used, but the polarizing plate shields a part of the light amount output from the light emitting element. Therefore, there has been a problem that the display luminance is lowered.
- a coloring material such as a pigment is dispersed in the pixel division layer for the purpose of reducing external light reflection and increasing display luminance without providing a polarizing plate in the display portion of the organic EL display device.
- a technique for adding light shielding properties to light shielding is disclosed.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Specific examples thereof include photosensitive compositions for forming a black pixel division layer (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Specific examples thereof include photosensitive compositions for forming a black pixel division layer (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Specific examples thereof include photosensitive compositions for forming a black pixel division layer (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- International Publication No. 2017/057281 International Publication No. 2017/1616963
- a pixel having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m When the dividing layer is formed to have a thickness of 2 ⁇ m, there is a problem that the flexibility and the light emission reliability are further deteriorated. From the above background, a photosensitive composition that enables formation of a pixel dividing layer having excellent flexibility and light emission reliability has been desired.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above problems. That is, A photosensitive composition containing at least one compound selected from the following groups (a-1) to (a-3), and (b) a photosensitive agent.
- R 1 represents a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents COOCH 2 or an oxymethylene group
- * represents a bonding position.
- the cured film of the present invention has the following configuration. That is, A cured film made of a cured product of the photosensitive composition.
- the organic EL display device of the present invention has the following configuration. That is, An organic EL display device comprising a cured film of the photosensitive composition.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention preferably further contains (c) an inorganic pigment having near-infrared light shielding properties.
- the inorganic pigment having the near-infrared light shielding property (c) is selected from the group consisting of an inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom, an inorganic black pigment having a zirconium atom, and amorphous carbon black. It is preferable to contain an inorganic pigment.
- the long-chain alkyl group of the compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3) has a total of three tertiary carbons and / or quaternary carbons.
- a branched alkyl group having the above is preferable.
- the long chain alkyl group contained in the compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3) is a branched alkyl group represented by the following structural formula (50). It is preferable.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention contains at least one of the compounds (a-2) and (a-3), and a resin having a structure represented by the general formula (1) is a polyimide resin. It is preferable that the resin having the structure represented by the general formula (2) is a cardo resin.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention preferably further contains (d) an organic black pigment.
- the (b) photosensitive agent preferably contains a compound having two or more radical polymerizable groups and a photopolymerization initiator, and has negative photosensitivity.
- the (b) photosensitive agent contains a photoacid generator and has positive photosensitivity.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention preferably further contains (e) a vanadyl phthalocyanine-based near infrared absorbing dye.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention has a maximum light transmittance of 5.0% or less at a wavelength of 780 to 1,000 nm and a dielectric constant at a frequency of 1 kHz when a cured film having a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m is formed. Is preferably less than 5.0.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention it is possible to obtain a patterned cured film having excellent flexibility and high linearity, and if the cured film is used for a pixel dividing layer of an organic EL display device, light emission reliability is obtained. Can be improved.
- a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- Visible light means light in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm
- near infrared means light in a wavelength range of 780 nm to 1,000 nm.
- the light shielding property means a function of reducing the intensity of transmitted light as compared to the intensity of light incident in a direction perpendicular to the cured film.
- CI used for the name of the colorant is an abbreviation of Color Index Generic Name. Based on the color index issued by The Society of Dyers and Colorists, the Color Index is registered for the color index registered in the color index. Generic Name represents the chemical structure or crystal form of the pigment or dye.
- the alkaline developer refers to an organic alkaline aqueous solution unless otherwise specified.
- the photosensitive composition in the present invention means an alkali development type composition having negative photosensitivity or positive photosensitivity described later. For example, even if it has a property of being cured by irradiating light, such as a UV curable paint or a UV curable adhesive, any of the above-mentioned negative photosensitive properties or positive photosensitive properties can be used.
- a composition that does not have photosensitivity and is not an alkali development type does not correspond to the photosensitive composition of the present invention.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin means a value obtained by analyzing by gel permeation chromatography using tetrahydrofuran as a carrier and using a standard polystyrene calibration curve.
- Carbon black and amorphous carbon black are classified into organic black pigments from the viewpoint that the constituent element is carbon according to the customs of each technical field, and when classified into inorganic black pigments from the viewpoint of electrical and optical characteristics.
- carbon black and amorphous carbon black are classified as inorganic pigments according to the latter.
- the present inventors have verified the principle of the above-mentioned problem, and tend to decrease the flexibility as the content of the colorant component such as a pigment is increased.
- the shading property imparted to the pixel division layer and the trade-off. It became clear that it became a relationship. Flexibility as used herein refers to the difficulty of cracking or breaking when the pixel division layer is bent with a constant radius of curvature. Therefore, the value as a display device is reduced.
- an organic EL display device that does not include a polarizing plate requires higher light emission reliability than an organic EL display device that includes a polarizing plate.
- the reduction in light emission reliability referred to here is a phenomenon in which when the organic EL display device continues to be lit continuously, the light emitting area of the light emitting element is reduced with the passage of lighting time on the basis of the initial lighting time, resulting in a decrease in luminance. The lower the light emission reliability, the lower the value as a display device.
- the photosensitive composition containing at least one compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3) and (b) a photosensitive agent is excellent in flexibility and light emission reliability. It has been found that the pixel division layer can be formed while maintaining high pattern linearity, and the present invention has been completed.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention contains at least one compound selected from the following groups (a-1) to (a-3).
- R 1 represents a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents COOCH 2 or an oxymethylene group
- * represents a bonding position.
- R 3 represents a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents COOCH 2 or an oxymethylene group
- * represents a bonding position.
- (A-1) an epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms
- (a-2) a resin having a structure represented by the above general formula (1)
- (a-3) the above general
- the resins having a structure represented by the formula (2) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a resin having a structure represented by the above general formula (1) in (a-2) or a resin having a structure represented by the above general formula (2) in (a-3) may further contain an epoxy in the molecule. Even if it has a group, it is defined as not belonging to an epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group of 9 to 19 carbon atoms of (a-1).
- the compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3) contained in the photosensitive composition of the present invention has high flexibility and high light resistance at the same time in the pixel division layer finally obtained. Can be given. Since the light resistance is improved, as a result, the organic EL display device having the pixel dividing layer is improved in light emission reliability.
- the light resistance here means not the generally well-known resistance to discoloration of the cured film in the presence of oxygen but the deterioration resistance of the light-emitting element in the sealed space without oxygen.
- the compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3) has an effect of lowering the dielectric constant of the finally obtained pixel division layer.
- This effect does not impair the flexibility of the cured film as compared with the conventional method of reducing the dielectric constant by including, for example, hollow silica that does not have light-shielding properties and providing voids in the film.
- an inorganic pigment having a near-infrared light-shielding property (c) described later which has a dielectric constant that is generally higher than that of all organic components constituting the pixel dividing layer, is included, Can be prevented, and adverse effects on driving such as luminance unevenness can be suppressed.
- Examples of the long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms which the epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms of (a-1) includes a straight-chain alkyl group and a branched alkyl group.
- n- represents a straight chain
- iso represents a branched chain.
- the long chain here means that the number of carbon atoms constituting one alkyl group is 9 or more, and the alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms does not correspond to this.
- the long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms which the epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms in (a-1) does not include a cyclic alkyl group.
- the epoxy group possessed by the epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms of (a-1) includes an alicyclic epoxy group and a glycidyl group. Further, the number of epoxy groups that the component (a-1) has in the molecule is not particularly limited.
- the epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms of (a-1) is a compound having a monovalent long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms and a carboxyl group in the molecule, or a monovalent It can be synthesized as an epoxy-modified product derived from a compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group. Examples include glycidyl esters, glycidyl ethers, glycidyl ethers / esters, and these compounds are reactive dilutions used to reduce the viscosity of non-photosensitive thermosetting epoxy resin paints and improve coatability.
- the molecular weight per molecule of the epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms of (a-1) is preferably 200 to 3,000. 300 to 1,000 are more preferable.
- epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms of (a-1) are represented by structural formula (3) or structural formula (4) having a branched alkyl group having 9 carbon atoms.
- the long chain alkyl group possessed by the compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3) must have a carbon number in the range of 9 to 19. There is.
- the carbon number of the long-chain alkyl group contained in the compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3) is less than 9, the flexibility and light emission reliability cannot be improved.
- the number of carbon atoms exceeds 19, it becomes impossible to form a pixel division layer with high pattern linearity.
- the pattern linearity is high, that is, the pattern edge is not distorted, a pixel division layer having a uniform opening area and a high resolution can be stably obtained, and defects in electrode layers formed on the surface of the pixel division layer can be obtained. It is possible to prevent disconnection and suppress the occurrence of non-lighted portions of the light emitting pixels.
- the carbon number of the long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms is preferably 11 or more, and more preferably 13 or more from the viewpoints of flexibility and light emission reliability. Moreover, 18 or less is preferable and 17 or less is more preferable when making the solubility to the alkali developing solution in the image development process mentioned later suitable, and improving pattern linearity.
- the long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms preferably has a branched structure from the viewpoint of excellent flexibility and light emission reliability.
- a branched chain having a total of three or more tertiary carbons and / or quaternary carbons An alkyl group is more preferable, and a branched alkyl group having a total of 4 or more is more preferable.
- the number of tertiary carbon and / or quaternary carbon represents the number of branch points of the alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms.
- the long-chain alkyl group having a total number of tertiary carbon and / or quaternary carbon of 4 or more include a branched alkyl group represented by the following general formula (50).
- Specific examples of the compound having such a long-chain alkyl group include compounds represented by structural formulas (11), (12), and (23).
- a compound represented by the structural formula (11) having two or more epoxy groups in the molecule for increasing the thermal crosslinking density in the curing step described later and obtaining higher flexibility and light emission reliability is provided in the present invention. It can be particularly preferably used for the photosensitive composition.
- a plurality of compounds having different carbon numbers and / or branched numbers can be used in combination.
- the content of the epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group of 9 to 19 carbon atoms (a-1) in the photosensitive composition of the present invention is sufficient for sufficiently improving flexibility and light emission reliability.
- the total solid content in the product is preferably 10.0% by weight or more, and more preferably 15.0% by weight or more. In order to make the solubility in an alkali developer suitable and obtain good pattern processability, it is preferably 25.0% by weight or less, more preferably 20.0% by weight or less.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention further contains an epoxy compound having no long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms, so that the dissolution rate in an alkaline developer, the crosslinking density in the curing step, and the like can be improved. Can be adjusted. *
- Examples of the resin having the structure represented by the general formula (1) in (a-2) include a compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms and one epoxy group in a resin having a hydroxyl group.
- the resin having a hydroxyl group an alkali-soluble resin having a hydroxyl group can be preferably used.
- the hydroxyl group which alkali-soluble resin has is a phenolic hydroxyl group at the point with high reactivity with an epoxy group.
- the resin having the structure represented by the general formula (2) in (a-3) for example, a resin having a carboxyl group, a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms, one epoxy group, and And a resin obtained by subjecting an epoxy compound having a ring-opening addition reaction.
- a resin having a carboxyl group an alkali-soluble resin having a carboxyl group can be preferably used.
- an epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms for use in a ring-opening addition reaction for obtaining an alkali-soluble resin having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms introduced an excessive weight is required.
- Mw average molecular weight
- a compound having one epoxy group in the molecule can be used. From the viewpoint of flexibility and light emission reliability, the compound represented by the structural formula (12) or the compound represented by the structural formula (23) is preferable, and the structural formula is high because the reactivity of the epoxy group is high.
- the compound represented by (12) is more preferable.
- the resin include alkali-soluble cardo resin, alkali-soluble acrylic resin, alkali-soluble novolak resin, alkali-soluble polyimide resin, alkali-soluble polyimide precursor, alkali-soluble polybenzoxazole resin, alkali-soluble polybenzoxazole precursor, alkali-soluble polyamide resin, Alkali-soluble siloxane resins are mentioned, but from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and pigment dispersibility, alkali-soluble polyimide resins, alkali-soluble polyimide precursors, alkali-soluble cardo resins, and alkali-soluble acrylic resins are preferable, and from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance, Alkali soluble More preferred are a imide resin, an alkali-soluble polyimide precursor, an alkali-soluble poly
- the heat resistance required for the pixel division layer of the organic EL display device is preferably 230 ° C. or higher, more preferably 250 ° C. or higher. Since the amount of gas generation (outgas) from the pixel division layer under high temperature conditions can be suppressed and the deterioration of the light emitting element can be suppressed, the light emission reliability of the organic EL display device can be improved.
- the alkali-soluble resin herein has a hydroxyl group and / or a carboxyl group as an alkali-soluble group in the structure thereof, an acid value of 30 mgKOH / g or more, and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 2,000 to 150, It means a resin of 000 or less.
- the alkali-soluble polyimide resin an alkali-soluble polyimide resin having a structural unit represented by the general formula (24) is preferable.
- R 5 represents a 4 to 10 valent organic group.
- R 6 represents a 2 to 8 valent organic group.
- R 7 and R 8 each independently represents a phenolic hydroxyl group. Represents a sulfonic acid group or a thiol group, and has a phenolic hydroxyl group in at least one of R 7 and R 8.
- p and q each independently represents a range of 0 to 6.
- R 5- (R 7 ) p represents an acid dianhydride residue.
- R 5 is preferably an organic group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms having an aromatic ring or a cyclic aliphatic group.
- Examples of the acid dianhydride include pyromellitic dianhydride, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride Bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) sulfone dianhydride, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ether dianhydride, 2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane Tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an aromatic ring such as anhydride, tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an aliphatic group such as butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid Cyclic fats such as dianhydrides, bicyclo [2.2.2] oct-7-ene-tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, bicyclo
- R 6- (R 8 ) q represents a diamine residue.
- R 6 is preferably an organic group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms having an aromatic ring or a cyclic aliphatic group.
- diamine examples include m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, 1,3-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, 1,3-bis (3- Aminophenoxy) benzene, bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfone, bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] hexafluoropropane, bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfone, 9,9-bis (4-aminophenyl) fluorene, diaminodiphenyl ether, diaminodiphenylsulfone, diaminodiphenylmethane, diaminodiphenylpropane, diaminodiphenylhexafluoropropane, di
- the alkali-soluble polyimide resin having a structural unit represented by the general formula (24) preferably has a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group and / or a thiol group at the end of the main chain, and the carboxyl group and / or More preferably, it has a phenolic hydroxyl group. It is possible to introduce these groups at the end of the main chain by sealing the end of the alkali-soluble polyimide resin with an end-capping agent having a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group and / or a thiol group. it can.
- the terminal blocking agent include monoamines, acid anhydrides, monocarboxylic acids, monoacid chloride compounds, and monoactive ester compounds.
- the acid value of the alkali-soluble polyimide resin is preferably 30 mgKOH / g or more, more preferably 50 mgKOH / g or more, from the viewpoint of solubility in an alkali developer.
- the acid value is preferably 300 mgKOH / g or less, and more preferably 250 mgKOH / g or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the alkali-soluble polyimide resin is preferably 5,000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, from the viewpoint of the hardness of the pixel dividing layer. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of solubility in an alkali developer, 100,000 or less is preferable, and 70,000 or less is more preferable.
- resin having the structure represented by the general formula (1) in (a-2) include 2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane which is a diamine and acid dianhydride.
- a structure represented by the structural formula (25) obtained by ring-opening addition reaction of the epoxy compound represented by the structural formula (12) to the phenolic hydroxyl group of the alkali-soluble polyimide resin synthesized using the product A polyimide resin having a unit in the molecule can be preferably exemplified.
- the alkali-soluble cardo resin means an alkali-soluble resin having a cardo skeleton, and the cardo skeleton is a quaternary carbon atom constituting a cyclic structure in which two aromatic groups are connected by a single bond.
- the cardo skeleton examples include a fluorene skeleton, a 1-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene skeleton, or a quaternary carbon atom of an N-phenylphenolphthalein skeleton, in which two phenyl groups are each a carbon- Examples include skeletons connected by carbon single bonds.
- Such an alkali-soluble cardo resin includes a fluorene skeleton, a 1-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene skeleton and / or an N-phenylphenolphthalein skeleton, and two aromatic groups having a hydroxyl group or an epoxy group. Can be derived from a compound having in the molecule.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention is a negative photosensitive composition, it is preferable to use an alkali-soluble cardo resin having a radical polymerizable group.
- the alkali-soluble cardo resin include a cardo resin having a fluorene skeleton and having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (25) and a radical polymerizable group, 1-phenyl-2,3-dihydro- A cardo resin having a 1H-indene skeleton and a structural unit represented by the following general formula (26) and a radical polymerizable group, an N-phenylphenolphthalein skeleton, represented by the following general formula (27) And a cardo resin having a structural unit and a radical polymerizable group.
- Q 1 to Q 8 represent atoms or substituents directly bonded to the benzene ring, and may be the same or different,
- An atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a to h represent the number of substituents of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and / or the alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the acid value of the alkali-soluble cardo resin is preferably 30 mgKOH / g or more, and more preferably 50 mgKOH / g or more, from the viewpoint of solubility in an alkali developer.
- the acid value is preferably 300 mgKOH / g or less, and more preferably 250 mgKOH / g or less.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the alkali-soluble cardo resin is preferably 2,000 or more, more preferably 3,000 or more, from the viewpoint of suppressing peeling of the pattern edge. On the other hand, 40,000 or less is preferable and 20,000 or less is more preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing gelation during polymerization of the alkali-soluble cardo resin and suppressing development residue in the development step.
- alkali-soluble cardo resin a commercially available product can be used.
- CR-TR3, CR-TR4, CR-TR5, CR-TR6 (all of which are manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- resin having the structure represented by the general formula (2) in (a-3) include an epoxy compound represented by the above structural formula (12) on the aromatic carboxyl group of the alkali-soluble cardo resin.
- a cardo resin having a structural unit represented by the structural formula (29) in the molecule, obtained by ring-opening addition reaction, can be preferably exemplified.
- Examples of a method for obtaining a resin having the structure represented by the above general formula (1) in (a-2) and a resin having the structure represented by the above general formula (2) in (a-3) include, for example, drying A compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms and one epoxy group and an alkali-soluble resin are mixed and stirred in an organic solvent in a nitrogen stream, and then heated under a heating condition of 80 to 200 ° C. for 30 minutes. A method of reacting for ⁇ 300 minutes can be mentioned.
- Examples of the solvent used in the reaction include ethers, acetates, esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, and alcohols, and these can be used alone or in combination.
- an addition catalyst may be used for sufficiently proceeding with the ring-opening addition reaction at a low heating temperature.
- the addition catalyst used in the reaction include dimethylaniline, 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl).
- Amino-based catalysts such as phenol and dimethylbenzylamine
- tin-based catalysts such as tin (II) 2-ethylhexanoate and dibutyltin laurate
- titanium-based catalysts such as titanium (IV) 2-ethylhexanoate
- triphenylphosphine Pixel division layer finally obtained including phosphorous catalysts, lithium catalysts such as lithium naphthenate, zirconium catalysts such as zirconium naphthenate, chromium catalysts such as chromium naphthenate, acetylacetonate chromium and chromium chloride
- Use of the system catalyst is preferred.
- the end point of the reaction can be appropriately set from the disappearance rate of the epoxy group in the system based on the reaction start.
- the structure represented by the above general formula (1) and the long chain alkyl group and epoxy group which the component (a-1) has, and the component (a-2) The presence / absence of the structure represented by the above general formula (2) contained in the component (a-3) can be identified by analysis by a known method such as NMR or IR.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention has the above-mentioned (a-1) to (a-3) in order to appropriately adjust the dissolution rate in an alkali developer described later and to make the pixel division layer into a desired pattern shape.
- An alkali-soluble resin not belonging to the above compound can be further contained.
- Examples of the alkali-soluble resin that does not belong to the compounds (a-1) to (a-3) include a resin having a structure represented by the general formula (1) in (a-2), (a-3) It can select and use from the group of the above-mentioned various alkali-soluble resin illustrated as a raw material for obtaining resin which has a structure represented by the said General formula (2).
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention has either a negative photosensitive property or a positive photosensitive property. It has negative photosensitivity, which forms the pattern by photocuring the exposed area film through an exposure mask to reduce the alkali solubility and removing the unexposed area film with an alkaline developer. May be. Alternatively, the exposed portion of the exposed portion film is removed with an alkali developer by making the alkali solubility of the exposed portion film relatively higher than that of the unexposed portion film by pattern exposure through an exposure mask. Then, it may have positive photosensitivity to form a pattern.
- the minimum exposure amount necessary for obtaining the same pattern can be reduced. That is, it is preferable to have negative photosensitivity from the viewpoint that productivity can be improved by increasing sensitivity to exposure.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention contains (b) a photosensitive agent.
- the photosensitive agent contains a compound having two or more radical polymerizable groups and a photopolymerization initiator.
- a radical polymerization reaction is caused by light exposure, photocuring is performed, and unexposed portions are removed with an alkaline developer for patterning. can do.
- the radical polymerizable group is preferably a (meth) acryl group from the viewpoint of improving sensitivity during exposure and improving the hardness of the cured film.
- the (meth) acryl group here refers to a methacryl group or an acryl group.
- Examples of the compound having two or more (meth) acryl groups include diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ditri Methylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate
- a compound having three or more radically polymerizable groups In order to promote photocuring and improve pattern processability, it is preferable to contain at least a compound having three or more radically polymerizable groups. Among them, the reaction rate in the exposure step is high, and the flexibility is excellent.
- a compound having a soft chain derived from caprolactone and an acrylic group in the molecule is more preferred. Specific examples of such a compound include ⁇ -caprolactone-added acrylate of dipentaerythritol represented by the following structural formula (41).
- the content of the compound having two or more radically polymerizable groups is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, based on the total solid content of the photosensitive composition, from the viewpoint of improving sensitivity to exposure. Further, from the viewpoint of making the taper shape of the pattern edge gentle and avoiding disconnection of the electrode formed on the surface of the pixel dividing layer, it is preferably 30% by weight or less, and more preferably 25% by weight or less.
- the photopolymerization initiator refers to a compound that generates radicals by bond cleavage and / or reaction upon exposure.
- a photopolymerization initiator By containing a photopolymerization initiator, a compound having two or more radically polymerizable groups is photocured by exposure, and the solubility of the exposed part in the alkaline developer is relatively lowered as compared with the unexposed part. It is possible to perform patterning by removing the unexposed portion with an alkali developer.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include “Adekaoptomer” (registered trademark) N-1818, N-1919, “Adeka Cruz” (registered trademark) NCI-831 (all of which are manufactured by ADEKA Corporation).
- Acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiators such as carbazole photopolymerization initiators, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (“IRGACURE” (registered trademark) TPO manufactured by BASF), 1,2- Octanedione, 1- [4- (phenylthio)-, 2- (O-benzoyloxime)] (“Irgacure” (registered trademark) OXE01 manufactured by BASF), ethanone, 1- [9-ethyl-6- (2- Methylbenzoyl) -9H-carbazol-3-yl]-, 1- (O-acetyloxime) (“Irgacure” manufactured by BASF) Oxime ester photoin
- an oxime is highly sensitive to mixed lines including j-line (313 nm), i-line (365 nm), h-line (405 nm), and g-line (436 nm).
- An ester photopolymerization initiator is preferred.
- a photopolymerization initiator having both a carbazole structure and an oxime ester structure is more preferable in view of sensitivity in exposure and deep curability.
- Specific examples of the photopolymerization initiator corresponding to this include N-1919, NCI-831 and OXE02 among the above.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably 5 parts by weight or more and more preferably 10 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the compound having two or more radical polymerizable groups from the viewpoint of improving sensitivity to exposure.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably 60 parts by weight or less, and preferably 40 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the compound having two or more radical polymerizable groups, from the viewpoint of deep part curability with respect to exposure. More preferred.
- the photosensitive agent when the photosensitive composition of the present invention has positive photosensitivity, (b) the photosensitive agent contains a photoacid generator.
- a photoacid generator By containing a photoacid generator, exposure in an exposure process described later can relatively increase the solubility of an exposed portion in an alkaline developer compared to an unexposed portion, and only the exposed portion can be formed with an alkaline developer. By removing, patterning can be performed.
- a quinonediazide compound is preferable.
- a reaction product obtained by esterifying a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group with quinonediazidesulfonyl acid chloride is more preferable.
- Compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group include Bis-Z, BisP-EZ, TekP-4HBPA, TrisP-HAP, TrisP-PA, TrisP-PHBA, BisOCHP-Z, BisP-MZ, BisP-PZ, BisP-IPZ, BisOCP -IPZ, BisP-CP, BisRS-2P, BisRS-3P, BisP-OCHP, Methylenetris-p-CR, Methylenetetra-p-CR, BisRS-26X, Bis-PFP-PC (all of which are Honshu Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- BIR-OC BIP-PC
- BIR-PC BIR-PC
- BIR-PTBP BIR-PCHP
- BIP-BIOC-F 4PC
- BIR-BIPC-F TEP-BIP-A (all Asahi Organic Industries) Product).
- Examples of the quinone diazide sulfonyl acid chloride include 4-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl acid chloride and 5-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonyl acid chloride.
- Such a quinonediazide compound is preferable because it has high sensitivity to mixed lines including j-line (313 nm), i-line (365 nm), h-line (405 nm), and g-line (436 nm) in the exposure step described below.
- the content of the photoacid generator is preferably 5 to 30% by weight in the total solid content of the photosensitive composition from the viewpoint of pattern processability and heat resistance of the finally obtained pixel dividing layer.
- a part of the phenolic hydroxyl group of the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group can be intentionally left without esterification. .
- thermosetting accelerator refers to a compound that has an effect of promoting cross-linking between epoxy compounds and / or thermal cross-linking between an epoxy compound and an alkali-soluble resin.
- the mechanical strength of the pixel dividing layer can be increased by using a thermosetting accelerator in combination. In some cases, the flexibility can be improved. In addition, the residual ratio of polar groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups possessed by epoxy groups and alkali-soluble resins can be lowered, and as a result, the dielectric constant of the pixel dividing layer described later can be lowered.
- the curing accelerator include imidazole-based curing accelerators, acid anhydride-based curing accelerators, and thiol-based curing accelerators, and these can be used alone or in combination.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention preferably further contains a colorant in order to impart a function of blackening the pixel division layer finally obtained and suppressing external light reflection.
- a colorant include pigments and dyes, and pigments are preferred in terms of high coloring power and excellent heat resistance.
- the pigment as used herein refers to particles having a light absorbing ability in at least the visible light region and insoluble in the photosensitive composition of the present invention, and the coloring power is a unit occupied by the coloring material in the film.
- the light shielding property per volume It is more preferable to contain at least an inorganic pigment from the viewpoint that the total amount of the coloring material necessary for imparting desired light shielding properties can be reduced and the flexibility of the pixel dividing layer can be improved.
- the inorganic pigment it is preferable to contain (c) an inorganic pigment having a near-infrared light shielding property.
- the pixel dividing layer can be provided with a function of suppressing reflection of near-infrared rays as well as the visible light region.
- near-infrared sensors used for proximity sensors, iris authentication, face authentication, etc. which have been placed in the frame in the past, are incorporated inside the display unit, internal scattering of near-infrared light contained in external light such as sunlight is suppressed. And the detection sensitivity of the sensors can be increased.
- an organic EL display device that has a high-sensitivity near-infrared sensor but has a narrow frame portion or no frame portion (bezelless) and a large display area in the panel area.
- a polarizing plate mounted on a panel of an organic EL display device has a high maximum light transmittance of 80 to 95% and a minimum value of 50 to 70% in the near infrared region, and has a poor near infrared shielding property.
- the above-mentioned effect by containing the inorganic pigment which has the near-infrared light-shielding property of (c) in the photosensitive composition of this invention has the organic EL display which comprises a polarizing plate, and the organic EL display which does not comprise a polarizing plate. It is useful in any case of the apparatus.
- the inorganic pigment having a near-infrared light shielding property (c) here includes an inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom, an inorganic black pigment having a zirconium atom, amorphous carbon black, and carbon black, in addition to a photosensitive composition.
- the content of the inorganic pigment is 35.0% by weight in the cured film
- a group of inorganic pigments satisfying that the maximum value of the light transmittance in the thickness direction of the cured film in the near infrared region (wavelength 780 to 1,000 nm) is 70.0% or less is also included.
- the content of the inorganic pigment in the cured film can be calculated from the calcined ash obtained by volatilizing all organic components using a small electric furnace.
- the inorganic pigment having (c) near-infrared light shielding property contained in the photosensitive composition of the present invention or a cured film formed using the same is combined with known methods such as an X-ray diffraction pattern and STEM-EDX. Can be analyzed and identified.
- an inorganic black pigment having a near-infrared light shielding property (c) an inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom in terms of high electrical insulation, low dielectric constant, and high driving stability of an organic EL display device.
- Inorganic black pigments having zirconium atoms and amorphous carbon black are preferred.
- amorphous carbon black refers to amorphous carbon black particles.
- carbon black simply refers to carbon black particles having crystallinity, which is generally well known as a coloring material application, and is defined by completely distinguishing both from the presence or absence of crystallinity.
- the inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom is represented by titanium nitride represented by TiN, titanium oxynitride represented by TiNxOy (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.0, 0.1 ⁇ y ⁇ 2.0), or TiC. Titanium carbide, a solid solution of titanium nitride and titanium carbide, a composite oxide of titanium and a metal other than titanium, or a composite nitride. Among them, in addition to high light shielding property in the visible light region, either titanium nitride or titanium oxynitride is preferable in terms of high exposure light transmittance in the exposure process, and titanium nitride is more preferable in terms of low dielectric constant. preferable.
- titanium nitride synthesized by a thermal plasma method is preferable because particles having a small primary particle size and a sharp particle size distribution can be easily obtained.
- the inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom is preferable as the content of titanium dioxide represented by TiO 2 which is an inorganic white pigment as an impurity is smaller, and more preferably not contained. .
- the inorganic black pigment having a zirconium atom is zirconium nitride represented by Zr 3 N 4 , zirconium nitride represented by ZrN, ZrOxNy (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.0, 0.1 ⁇ y ⁇ 2.0). It represents at least one of zirconium oxynitride, a composite oxide of zirconium and a metal other than zirconium, or a composite nitride. Of these, zirconium nitride represented by ZrN is preferable because of its high exposure light transmittance in the exposure process and low dielectric constant.
- the production method includes a gas phase reaction, and among them, zirconium nitride synthesized by a thermal plasma method is preferable because particles having a small primary particle size and a sharp particle size distribution can be easily obtained. Further, the inorganic black pigment having a zirconium atom is preferable as the content of zirconium dioxide represented by ZrO 2 which is an inorganic white pigment as an impurity is smaller, and more preferably not contained, in order to avoid an increase in dielectric constant. .
- the inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom and the inorganic black pigment having a zirconium atom may be subjected to a surface treatment to modify the pigment surface as necessary.
- a surface treatment method for example, a method of introducing an organic group containing a silicon atom as a surface modification group by treatment with a silane coupling agent, a part of the pigment surface with a coating material such as silica, metal oxide and / or organic resin Or the method of coat
- the inorganic black pigment having a zirconium atom and the inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom may constitute one primary particle as a solid solution containing both.
- Amorphous carbon black means amorphous carbon black consisting of a diamond structure (SP 3 structure) and a graphite structure (SP 2 structure). It corresponds to carbon classified as so-called diamond-like carbon (DLC).
- Amorphous carbon black has higher insulating properties than carbon black having crystallinity described later, and can be suitably used as a colorant without being subjected to surface treatment.
- a carbon source is vaporized, the vaporized carbon vapor is cooled and re-solidified, and then once flaked and then subjected to a dry pulverization treatment to make fine particles.
- the structure of the amorphous carbon black includes a lot of SP 3 structures, the light shielding property of visible light and near infrared light is low, but the insulating property can be improved.
- the insulating property is low, but the light shielding property of visible light and near infrared light can be improved.
- these characteristics specific to the pigment can be controlled by the synthesis conditions.
- amorphous carbon black having an SP 3 structure content of 30 to 70 atom% with respect to the total of the SP 3 structure and the SP 2 structure can be preferably used for the photosensitive composition of the present invention. Further, the ratio of the SP 3 structure and the SP 2 structure can be analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the total amount of the inorganic black pigment having a titanium atom, the inorganic black pigment having a zirconia atom, and amorphous carbon is preferable in the total solid content of the photosensitive composition of the present invention in order to further improve the near-infrared light shielding property. 0% by weight or more is preferable. Moreover, 35.0 weight% or less is preferable in the total solid content in a photosensitive composition, in order to avoid the excessive raise of a dielectric constant.
- the total solid here means a component obtained by removing the solvent from the photosensitive composition.
- Examples of carbon black include furnace black, thermal black, channel black, acetylene black, ketjen black, and lamp black, which are classified according to the manufacturing method. Among them, the dispersibility is excellent, and the acidity and particle size of the pigment surface are fine.
- Furnace black manufactured by the furnace method is preferable from the viewpoint of industrial control. Among them, from the viewpoint of improving insulation, it is preferable that the structure length, in which particles are firmly connected in a bead shape, which is unique to carbon black, is shorter, and the surface is modified with an organic group or coated with a highly insulating coating material. More preferred is. As such a surface-modified carbon black, a commercially available product may be used.
- TPK-1227 which is a carbon black whose surface is modified with an acidic functional group containing a sulfur atom, and the pigment surface is coated with silica.
- carbon black “TPX-1409” all of which are manufactured by CABOT).
- the total amount of carbon black is preferably 5.0% by weight or more in the total solid content of the photosensitive composition of the present invention in order to further improve the near-infrared light shielding property. Moreover, 10.0 weight% or less is preferable in the total solid content in a photosensitive composition, when avoiding the excessive raise of a dielectric constant.
- the inorganic pigment having near-infrared light shielding properties may be used by mixing a plurality of types so that the pixel division layer has desired optical characteristics.
- the color of the pixel division layer is neutral black with low saturation by adjusting the color using zirconium nitride, which has a strong purple color, and amorphous carbon, which has a strong yellow color. can do.
- the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic pigment having near-infrared light shielding properties is preferably 5 nm or more, and more preferably 10 nm or more, from the viewpoint of improving dispersibility and storage stability after dispersion. On the other hand, 150 nm or less is preferable and 100 nm or less is more preferable from the viewpoint that high flexibility can be obtained.
- the average primary particle diameter here means the number average value of primary particle diameters calculated by a particle size measuring method using an image analysis type particle size distribution measuring apparatus. An image can be taken with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the average primary particle size can be calculated.
- the inorganic pigment having near-infrared light shielding property (c) is not spherical
- the average value of the major axis and the minor axis is defined as the primary particle diameter.
- image analysis type particle size distribution software Mac-View manufactured by Mountec is used.
- dry pulverization may be performed.
- a hammer mill, a ball mill, or the like can be used.
- organic pigment various organic pigments can be used.
- an organic black pigment is preferable in that it has excellent coloring power and can improve flexibility.
- organic pigments are extremely poor in light-shielding properties in the near-infrared region, but have an advantage of low dielectric constant. Therefore, in the photosensitive composition of the present invention, visible light is avoided while avoiding an increase in dielectric constant. It can be effectively used as a component for imparting light shielding properties only to the region.
- the organic black pigment (d) means a benzodifuranone black pigment, a perylene black pigment, an azo black pigment, and isomers thereof.
- the isomers herein include tautomers.
- the isomer may be included as a mixture of a plurality of pigment powders, or may be included as a mixed crystal in constituting one primary particle.
- the benzodifuranone-based black pigment means a pigment represented by the following general formula (30) or (31).
- the pigment represented by the following general formula (30) corresponds to a pigment classified as a so-called lactam black.
- R 9 and R 14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, CH 3 , CF 3 , a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.
- R 19 and R 20 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 9 to R 18 are hydrogen atoms are preferable, that is, a benzodifuranone-based black pigment represented by the following structural formula (32) can be preferably used.
- benzodifuranone-based black pigment represented by the following structural formula (32), and examples thereof include “Irgaphor” (registered trademark) Black S0100 manufactured by BASF.
- a benzodifuranone-based black pigment in which R 11 and R 16 are SO 3 H, SO 3 ⁇ , SO 2 NR 19 R 20 or COOH is partially mixed as a dispersion aid to be described later as a wet dispersion treatment.
- the dispersibility can be increased by performing the above.
- the perylene-based black pigment is a pigment represented by the following general formula (33) or (34), and C.I. I. Pigment Black 31 and 32 are meant. It corresponds to a pigment classified as so-called perylene black.
- the pigment represented by the following general formula (33) or (34) is preferable at a point with high light-shielding property.
- R 21 to R 28 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyl group.
- R 21 to R 28 are hydrogen atoms are preferable, that is, perylene-based black pigments represented by the following structural formulas (35) and / or (36) are preferable.
- a commercially available product may be used as the perylene-based black pigment (cis-trans isomer mixture) represented by the following structural formulas (35) and (36), and examples thereof include FSF4280 manufactured by BASF.
- the azo black pigment means a pigment represented by the following general formula (37). It corresponds to a pigment classified as so-called azomethine black.
- X represents an organic group having an isoindolinone structure or an organic group having an isoindoline structure
- Y represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- Preferable specific examples from the viewpoint of light shielding properties and light emission reliability include azo black pigments represented by the following structural formula (38) and azo black pigments represented by the following structural formula (39).
- organic pigments other than organic black pigments various organic pigments such as yellow, orange, blue, red, green, purple, and brown may be used, and the photosensitive composition of the present invention contains two or more organic pigments.
- the pixel division layer can be made black by pseudo-blackening, and the optical characteristics can be controlled by adjusting the quantity ratio thereof.
- a combination of yellow, blue, and red is preferable from the viewpoint of light shielding properties and light emission reliability.
- organic yellow pigments examples include C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 12, 13, 17, 20, 24, 74, 83, 86, 93, 95, 109, 110, 117, 120, 125, 129, 138, 139, 150, 151, 175, 180, 181, 185, 192, 194, 199.
- C.I. which is a benzimidazolone yellow pigment.
- I. Pigment Yellow 120, 151, 175, 180, 181, 192, 194 are preferable.
- organic blue pigments examples include C.I. I. Pigment blue 15, 15: 1, 15: 2, 15: 3, 15: 4, 15: 6, 16, 17, 60, 64, 65, 75, 79, 80.
- C.I. which is a stable copper phthalocyanine.
- I. Pigment Blue 15: 3, 15: 4, 15: 6, C.I. I. Pigment Blue 60 is preferable.
- organic red pigments examples include C.I. I. Pigment Red 9, 48, 97, 122, 123, 144, 149, 166, 168, 177, 179, 180, 190, 192, 196, 202, 209, 215, 216, 217, 220, 223, 224, 226, 227, 228, 240, 254.
- C.I. which is a perylene red pigment.
- I. Pigment Red 177 is preferable.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention can further contain a dispersant.
- the dispersant means a substance having both a pigment affinity group having a chemical bond or adsorption action to the pigment surface and a polymer chain or group having a solvophilic property.
- As the action mechanism of the dispersant in addition to the acid-base interaction, hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force, etc. are involved in combination, and when the pigment dispersion described later is prepared.
- wet media dispersion treatment the wettability of the organic pigment surface to the dispersion medium is enhanced, and the steric repulsion effect and / or electrostatic repulsion effect between organic pigments by the polymer chain is enhanced, thereby promoting the refinement of the pigment. And the effect which improves dispersion stability is produced. Flexibility can be further improved by promoting miniaturization and improving dispersion stability.
- a dispersant having a basic adsorption group As the dispersant, a dispersant having a basic adsorption group, a dispersant having an acidic group, or a nonionic dispersant can be preferably used.
- the dispersing agent having a basic adsorbing group include DisperBYK-142, 145, 164, 167, 182, 187, 2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2020, 2025, 9076, 9077, BYK-LP N6919, BYK-LP N21116, BYK-JET 9152 (all of which are manufactured by Big Chemie), “Solsperse” (registered trademark) 9000, 11200, 13650, 20000, 24000, 24000SC, 24000GR, 32000, 32500, 32550, 326000, 33000, 34750 35100, 35200, 37500, 39000, 56000, 76500 (all are manufactured by Lubrizol), Efka-PX4310, 4320, 4710 (herein
- dispersant having an acidic group examples include “Tego dispers” (registered trademark) 655 (manufactured by Evonik), DisperBYK-102, 118, 174, and 2096 (all of which are manufactured by Big Chemie), and nonion.
- system dispersant examples include “SOLSPERSE” (registered trademark) 54000 (manufactured by Lubrizol), “Tego dispers” (registered trademark) 650, 652, and 740 W (all of which are manufactured by Evonik).
- these dispersants may be used alone or in admixture as appropriate so that the average dispersed particle size described later can be obtained.
- the content of the dispersant is preferably 10 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the pigment in order to suppress sufficient deagglomeration in the wet media dispersion process described later and reaggregation after the dispersion process, 20 parts by weight or more is more preferable. On the other hand, 100 parts by weight or less is preferable and 60 parts by weight or less is more preferable in ensuring sufficient content of constituent components other than the dispersant.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention can contain a solvent. Viscosity, coating property, and storage stability can be adjusted by containing a solvent, and the film thickness uniformity of the pixel division layer finally obtained can be improved by selecting an appropriate solvent.
- Examples of the solvent include ethers, acetates, esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols and the like. Two or more of these may be contained.
- Examples of ethers include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl.
- Ether diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether Dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl-n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono Examples include ethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran.
- acetates examples include butyl acetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (hereinafter “PGMEA”), 3-methoxybutyl acetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- Ether acetate diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, cyclohexanol acetate, propylene glycol diacetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butyl acetate, 1,4-butanediol di Acetate, 1,3-butylene glyco Diacetate, 1,6-hexanediol diacetate.
- the esters include alkyl lactates such as methyl 2-hydroxypropionate and ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate, ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, and 3-methoxypropionic acid.
- ketones include methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, and 3-heptanone.
- aromatic hydrocarbons include toluene and xylene.
- alcohols include isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, diacetone alcohol, etc. Is mentioned.
- the content of acetates in the total solvent contained in the photosensitive composition is preferably 50% by weight or more, and 70% by weight or more in that the dispersion stability of the pigment can be improved and the flexibility can be improved. It is more preferable that
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention can further contain an organic near-infrared absorbing dye (Near Infrared Dye).
- Organic near-infrared absorbing dyes are generally inferior in light-shielding performance per unit volume as compared with the inorganic pigment having near-infrared light-shielding properties described in (c) above, but are excellent in terms of low dielectric constant. It is most useful to use the inorganic pigment in combination with the inorganic pigment having a near-infrared light shielding property of (c).
- Organic near infrared absorbing dyes include cyanine dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, naphthalocyanine dyes, polymethine dyes, squarylium dyes, porphyrin dyes, diimonium dyes, indigo dyes, quaterylene dyes, perylene dyes And nickel dithiolene complex dyes.
- phthalocyanine dyes, quaterylene dyes, and perylene dyes are preferred from the viewpoint of excellent solubility in organic solvents and light emission reliability.
- phthalocyanine dyes examples include phthalocyanine dyes having oxovanadium, copper, aluminum, cobalt, or zinc as a central metal.
- vanadyl phthalocyanine dyes having oxovanadium as a central metal and / or copper phthalocyanine dyes having copper as a central metal are more preferable, and (e) vanadyl phthalocyanine near infrared absorbing dye is preferable.
- all the black pigments exemplified above as inorganic pigments having near-infrared light shielding properties (c) generally have lower light shielding properties on the longer wavelength side.
- the maximum absorption wavelength in the case of a chloroform solution is in the wavelength range of 900 to 1,000 nm in the near-infrared region, and the acetate type exemplified above in order to achieve both the dispersion stability of the pigment component.
- An organic dye having a solubility in a solvent alone of 2.0% by weight or more is more preferable.
- organic dyes that satisfy both of these characteristics include (e) vanadyl phthalocyanine-based near-infrared absorbing dyes such as FDN-07 and FDN-08 (all of which are manufactured by Yamada Chemical Co., Ltd.), copper phthalocyanine-based dyes.
- FDN-06 manufactured by Yamada Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the near-infrared absorbing dyes are preferably used as substantially soluble dyes rather than disperse dyes in that the occurrence of irregularities on the surface of the pixel dividing layer can be suppressed.
- the soluble dye as used herein means a dye for use in a completely dissolved state in the photosensitive composition.
- the content of the organic near-infrared absorbing dye is preferably less than 2.0% by weight in the photosensitive composition of the present invention from the viewpoint of solubility in the solvent component and the resin component.
- the sensitivity of the sensor using near infrared rays is improved with respect to the near infrared rays that the cured film has.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention is cured into a cured film having a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m, the maximum value of light transmittance at a wavelength of 780 to 1,000 nm is 15.0% or less. Preferably, it is 10.0% or less, more preferably 5.0% or less.
- the light shielding property of the cured film with respect to visible light is higher.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm, which has the highest specific visual sensitivity in the visible light region is 10.0. % Or less, more preferably 5.0% or less, and even more preferably 1.0% or less.
- the transmittance mentioned here can be measured with a spectrophotometer “U-4100 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation)” by forming a cured film on a translucent substrate to a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the measurement wavelength is every 1.0 nm, and the light transmission of the cured film is determined from the ratio of the transmitted light intensity of the translucent substrate and the transmitted light intensity of the laminated substrate in which the cured film is formed on the translucent substrate. The rate (%) can be obtained.
- “Tempax manufactured by AGC Techno Glass Co., Ltd.
- the light transmittance means the light transmittance in the thickness direction of the cured film. In the measurement, light is incident from the film surface side and transmitted from the translucent substrate side.
- the lower the dielectric constant of the cured film the better the display characteristics can be improved by suppressing luminance unevenness.
- the frequency The dielectric constant at 1 kHz is preferably less than 5.0, more preferably less than 4.5, and even more preferably less than 4.0.
- the dielectric constant is excessively low, it is theoretically difficult unless a large number of voids are intentionally provided inside the film, so that it is preferably 2.0 or more from the viewpoint of flexibility.
- the dielectric constant referred to here was obtained by pattern-depositing an aluminum thin film to a thickness of 70 nm on the surface of the cured film after forming a cured film on the aluminum substrate to a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the dielectric constant K can be calculated from the following equation using the value of the capacitance C measured using a “LCR meter 4294A (manufactured by Agilent Technologies)”, which is a dielectric constant measuring device, for the laminated base material. .
- the film thickness of the cured film when calculating the light transmittance and the dielectric constant can be measured using “Surfcom (manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.)” which is a stylus type film thickness measuring device.
- K C ⁇ d / ( ⁇ ⁇ S) here, C: Capacitance (F) d: Film thickness (m) ⁇ : dielectric constant of vacuum 8.854 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 (F / m) S: Electrode area (m 2 ).
- a pigment dispersion is prepared.
- the pigment dispersion can be obtained by mixing a pigment component, a solvent, and, if necessary, other components such as a dispersant and performing wet media dispersion treatment.
- Dispersers for performing wet media dispersion treatment include horizontal or vertical bead mills, roll mills, and the like.
- “DYNO-MILL” registered trademark
- “spike mill” Registered trademark
- “sand grinder” registered trademark
- media for the disperser include zirconia beads, zircon beads (ZrSiO4), alumina beads, and alkali-free glass beads.
- a component that becomes a metal and metal ion impurity source is used.
- beads that do not contain.
- a specific example of a preferred commercial product is “Traceram” (registered trademark) (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.).
- the bead diameter is preferably 0.03 to 5 mm, and the higher the sphericity, the more preferable.
- the operating conditions of the disperser may be appropriately set in consideration of bead hardness, handling properties, productivity, etc. so that the average particle size and viscosity after dispersion of the pigment are in a desired range.
- the average dispersed particle size of the inorganic pigment having near-infrared light shielding properties is preferably 30 nm or more, more preferably 50 nm or more, in order to suppress reaggregation of the pigment.
- 200 nm or less is preferable and 150 nm or less is more preferable in order to avoid a local increase in the dielectric constant of the pixel division layer and obtain good display characteristics.
- the average dispersed particle size of the organic pigment is preferably 50 nm or more, more preferably 80 nm or more in order to suppress reaggregation of the pigment.
- 300 nm or less is preferable, and 200 nm or less is more preferable.
- the average dispersed particle diameter of the pigment means the total number average value of the particle diameter of the pigment contained in the pigment dispersion obtained by the above-described wet media dispersion treatment.
- the average dispersed particle size can be measured using a dynamic light scattering particle size distribution analyzer “SZ-100 (manufactured by HORIBA)” or a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer “MT-3000 (manufactured by Microtrac)”. it can.
- the present invention is carried out by mixing and stirring the pigment dispersion, a compound selected from the group (a-1) to (a-3), (b) a photosensitizer, and other components as required.
- the photosensitive composition can be obtained.
- the cured film of the present invention is a cured product of the photosensitive composition of the present invention, and can be suitably used as a pixel division layer of an organic EL display device.
- the display portion can be made high definition, the display quality of an image or video can be improved, and the value as a display device can be increased.
- the aperture ratio of the pixel division layer in the display area is preferably 20% or less.
- the aperture ratio here means the area ratio of the opening of the pixel division layer with respect to the area of the pixel division layer. The lower the aperture ratio, the larger the area for forming the pixel division layer in the display portion, so the performance of the pixel division layer on the light emission reliability is greatly affected. That is, the organic EL display device having a low aperture ratio and a high-definition display portion contributes greatly to the effect of the present invention. For the same reason, as the thickness of the pixel division layer is increased, the effect of the present invention greatly contributes.
- a cured film that is a cured product of the photosensitive composition of the present invention is used as a pixel dividing layer that also has a spacer function in the panel member configuration, a portion having a different thickness of the cured film, that is, a step shape is in-plane. You may have.
- a method for obtaining a pixel dividing layer having a step difference in thickness of the cured film a negative type or a positive type in which a plurality of types of openings having different light transmittances in the exposure light region are formed in an exposure process described later. There is a method of pattern exposure through a halftone mask.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention When the photosensitive composition of the present invention has negative photosensitivity, a portion of the exposed portion where the light transmittance of the exposure light region is locally high has a lower solubility in an alkali developer, and finally It is formed as a convex portion in the plane of the obtained pixel division layer.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention has positive photosensitivity, the portion of the exposed portion where the light transmittance of the exposure light region is locally low has a lower solubility in an alkali developer, It is formed as a convex portion within the plane of the finally obtained pixel division layer.
- a cured film that is a cured product of the photosensitive composition of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by photolithography including a coating process, a pre-baking process, an exposure process, a developing process, and a curing process in this order.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention is applied to a substrate to obtain a coating film.
- a substrate a reflective layer made of a patterned silver / copper alloy or the like and an ITO electrode of the same pattern are sequentially formed on the surface of a glass substrate or a flexible substrate.
- stacked is mentioned.
- the flexible base material a laminated base material in which a flexible base material made of polyimide resin is fixed to the surface of a plate-like glass base material which is a temporary support can be preferably used.
- the plate-like glass substrate here is peeled in the process, so that the organic EL display device finally obtained can be made flexible.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention is applied to obtain a coating film.
- the coating apparatus used in the coating process include a slit coater, a spin coater, a gravure coater, a dip coater, a curtain flow coater, a roll coater, a spray coater, a screen printer, and an inkjet.
- the pixel dividing layer is usually formed with a film thickness of about 0.5 to 3.0 ⁇ m, preferably about 1.0 to 2.0 ⁇ m, because of the member structure, and is suitable for thin film coating and hardly causes coating defects.
- a slit coater or a spin coater is preferable because of excellent thickness uniformity and productivity, and a slit coater is more preferable from the viewpoint of liquid saving and production efficiency.
- the pre-baked film is obtained by evaporating the solvent in the coating film by heating.
- the heating device include a hot air oven, a hot plate, and a far infrared oven (IR oven). Pin gap pre-baking or contact pre-baking may be performed.
- the prebake temperature is preferably 50 to 150 ° C.
- the prebake time is preferably 30 seconds to several hours.
- a pre-baking step by heating may be performed after volatilizing at least part of the solvent contained in the coating film by a vacuum / vacuum dryer after the coating step.
- the exposure film is obtained by irradiating active chemical rays from the film surface side of the pre-baked film through a photomask.
- the exposure apparatus used in the exposure process include a stepper, a mirror projection mask aligner (MPA), and a parallel light mask aligner (PLA).
- the active actinic radiation to be irradiated during exposure include ultraviolet light, visible light, electron beam, X-ray, KrF (wavelength 248 nm) laser, ArF (wavelength 193 nm) laser, and the like.
- a j-line (wavelength 313 nm), i-line (wavelength 365 nm), h-line (wavelength 405 nm) or g-line (wavelength 436 nm) of a mercury lamp is preferable, and a mixed line containing them is more preferable.
- the exposure dose is usually about 10 to 4,000 mJ / cm 2 (i-line conversion value).
- a photomask for example, an exposure light shielding thin film made of a metal such as chromium or a black organic resin is patterned on one surface of a substrate having translucency at an exposure wavelength such as glass, quartz, or a film. And a mask formed into a film.
- a negative type or a positive type photomask can be used, and pattern exposure is performed by transmitting active actinic radiation only at the opening. To obtain an exposed film.
- the developing step when the photosensitive composition of the present invention has negative photosensitivity, the unexposed portion is removed by development to obtain a patterned development film.
- the exposed portion is removed by development to obtain a patterned development film.
- the developing method include a method of immersing the exposure film in an organic alkaline aqueous solution or an inorganic alkaline aqueous solution, which is an alkaline developer, by a method such as shower, dipping, paddle, etc. for 10 seconds to 10 minutes.
- a pattern-like developed film can be obtained by utilizing the difference in solubility in the alkaline developer between the exposed and unexposed areas.
- the exposure part means a part irradiated with the exposure light through the mask opening, while the unexposed part means a part not irradiated with the exposure light.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention When the photosensitive composition of the present invention has negative photosensitivity, the unexposed area becomes a pattern opening, whereas when it is positive type photosensitive, the exposed area becomes a pattern opening, and the opening is final. It becomes a light emitting pixel portion in the organic EL display device.
- alkaline developer examples include a 2.38 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (hereinafter “TMAH”) aqueous solution, a 0.4 wt% TMAH aqueous solution, and a 0.2 wt% TMAH aqueous solution. It is used at a constant liquid temperature in the range of atmospheric pressure and 15-35 ° C. After the development, it is possible to add a rinsing washing process with a shower of deionized water and / or a draining process with an air jet.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- the developing film is thermally cured by heating, and at the same time, components such as moisture and remaining developer are volatilized to obtain a cured film.
- the heating device include a hot air oven and an IR oven.
- the heating temperature is (a-1) 200 to 300 in order to sufficiently heat cure the epoxy compound having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms and other thermosetting components to enhance the flexibility and light emission reliability. ° C is preferred.
- the temperature is preferably 230 to 260 ° C. in order to suppress the generation of decomposition products and increase the light emission reliability.
- the heating atmosphere is preferably a nitrogen atmosphere, and the pressure during heating is preferably atmospheric pressure.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an organic EL display device comprising the cured film of the present invention obtained from the above steps.
- the cured film of the present invention can be suitably used as the pixel division layer (8) in FIG.
- the cured film of this invention can be used suitably also for the planarization layer (4) by which high flexibility and high light emission reliability are calculated
- the organic EL display device including the cured film of the present invention is also included in the present invention.
- a bottom gate type or top gate type TFT (1) (thin film transistor) is provided in a matrix on the surface of the substrate (6), and the TFT (1) and the wiring (2) connected to the TFT (1)
- the TFT insulating layer (3) is formed in a state of covering.
- a planarizing layer (4) is formed on the surface of the TFT insulating layer (3), and a contact hole (7) for opening the wiring (2) is provided in the planarizing layer (4).
- the second electrode (5) is patterned and connected to the wiring (2).
- a pixel division layer (8) is formed so as to surround the pattern periphery of the second electrode (5).
- the pixel dividing layer (8) is provided with an opening, and the light emitting pixel (9) containing an organic EL light emitting material is formed in the opening, and the first electrode (10) is provided with the pixel dividing layer ( 8) and the light emitting pixel (9) are deposited. If a voltage is directly applied to the light emitting pixel portion after sealing the TFT substrate having the above laminated structure under vacuum, the organic EL display device can emit light.
- the light emitting pixel (9) is prepared by arranging different types of pixels having emission peak wavelengths in the red, blue, and green regions, which are the three primary colors of light, or a light emitting pixel that emits white light emission on the entire surface.
- a separate laminated member may be a combination of red, blue, and green color filters.
- the peak wavelength of the red region that is normally displayed is 560 to 700 nm
- the peak wavelength of the blue region is 420 to 500 nm
- the peak wavelength of the green region is 500 to 550 nm.
- the type of is not particularly limited, and the emitted light may have any peak wavelength.
- the second electrode (5) for example, a transparent film made of ITO (indium tin oxide) can be suitably used, and as the first electrode (10), for example, an alloy film such as silver / magnesium is suitable. However, it may be made of any substance as long as it can function as an electrode. Moreover, as an organic EL light-emitting material constituting the light-emitting pixel, a material in which a hole transport layer and / or an electron transport layer are combined in addition to the light-emitting layer can be suitably used.
- the light extraction direction may be a bottom emission type organic EL display device that extracts emitted light emitted from the light emitting pixels to the substrate side through the substrate (6), or emits light through the first electrode. It may be a top emission type organic EL display device that extracts light to the opposite side of the substrate (6), and is not particularly limited.
- a metal reflection layer may be further provided in order to increase the light extraction efficiency in one direction. If a hard plate-like substrate represented by glass or the like is used as the substrate (6), a rigid organic EL display device is obtained. On the other hand, if a flexible substrate is used, a flexible organic EL display device is obtained.
- Examples of the resin solution for obtaining a flexible base material made of a polyimide resin having excellent mechanical strength include a solution containing polyamic acid.
- the solution containing the polyamic acid is applied to the surface of the support, and then heated to imidize the polyamic acid and convert it into a polyimide resin, whereby a flexible substrate can be obtained.
- the polyamic acid can be synthesized by reacting a tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diamine compound in an amide solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- a polyamic acid having a residue of an aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a residue of an aromatic diamine compound is preferable because it has a small coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent dimensional stability.
- Specific examples include polyamic acid having a residue of 3,3 ', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and a residue of p-phenylenediamine.
- ⁇ Calculation method of required minimum exposure amount> A 10 nm thick silver / copper alloy thin film (volume ratio 10: 1) is formed on the entire surface of a 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm non-alkali glass substrate by sputtering, and etched to form a patterned metal reflective layer. Then, an ITO transparent conductive film having a thickness of 10 nm was formed on the entire surface by sputtering to obtain a substrate for evaluating the necessary minimum exposure dose.
- the photosensitive composition is applied to the surface of the obtained substrate for evaluation of the minimum required exposure amount with a spin coater while adjusting the rotation speed so that the thickness of the finally obtained cured film becomes 2.0 ⁇ m.
- a coating film was obtained, and the coating film was pre-baked at 100 ° C. for 120 seconds under atmospheric pressure using a hot plate (SCW-636; manufactured by Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd.) to obtain a pre-baked film.
- SCW-636 hot plate
- SCW-636 hot plate
- the resolution pattern of the produced developed film was observed at a magnification of 50 times, and the pattern line width (20 0.0 ⁇ m) and the pitch width (20.0 ⁇ m) are formed in a one-to-one relationship, that is, the exposure amount (mJ / cm 2 : i-line illuminometer value) at which a pattern-like development film having the same dimensions as the photomask is formed.
- the required minimum exposure amount (sensitivity to exposure) of the photosensitive composition It should be noted that cases where the required minimum exposure amount exceeds 150 mJ (mJ / cm 2 ) or where the pattern-like development film could not be formed due to peeling of the development film were excluded from the evaluation targets.
- the light transmittance of the cured film was used.
- a cured film having a lower maximum value of light transmittance at a wavelength of 780 to 1,000 nm is evaluated as being excellent in light-shielding properties in the near infrared region, and a cured film having a lower light transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm is more visible in the visible light region. It was evaluated that the light-shielding property was excellent.
- the thickness of the cured film is measured at three in-plane positions using a stylus type film thickness measuring device (Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd .; Surfcom), and the average value is rounded off to the second decimal place. The numbers up to the first decimal place were obtained.
- the dielectric constant measuring apparatus obtained by Examples 1 to 29 and Comparative Examples 1 to 20 is provided with an aluminum base material, a cured film, and an aluminum thin film in this order.
- the dielectric constant at a frequency of 1 kHz was measured using an “LCR meter 4294A (manufactured by Agilent Technologies)”.
- the thickness of the cured film was measured at four locations within the surface using a stylus type film thickness measuring device (Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd .; Surfcom), and the average value was rounded off to the second decimal place. The numbers up to the first decimal place were obtained.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing undulations at the pattern edge portion of the cured film.
- the part shown in white represents the opening (11), and the part shown in black represents the patterned cured film (12).
- the arrows a and b in FIG. 2 are straight lines parallel to the lateral edges of the patterned cured film forming substrate, while the c and d arrows are the vertical direction of the patterned cured film forming substrate.
- the edge portion in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction of the patterned cured film forming substrate used as a reference here is a non-alkali glass substrate in FIG. 3 showing a method for manufacturing an organic EL display device having a pixel dividing layer described later. This is the horizontal or vertical edge portion of (15).
- the maximum width is less than 1.0 ⁇ m
- B The maximum width is 1.0 ⁇ m or more and less than 1.5 ⁇ m
- C The maximum width is 1.5 ⁇ m or more and less than 2.0 ⁇ m
- D The maximum width is 2.0 ⁇ m or more 3. Less than 0 ⁇ m
- E The maximum width is 3.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the iron wires (0.10 mm, 0.30 mm, 0.50 mm, 0.80 mm, 1.00 mm, and 2.00 mm in total, which are different in diameter only in stages) were prepared.
- the flexible substrate (13) is wound inside along the surface of the wire so that the cured film (14) is on the outside, and the flexibility is evaluated so as to have a certain radius of curvature.
- the substrate was curved. Subsequently, the substrate for evaluating flexibility was returned to the flat state again, and the surface of the cured film (14) was observed at a magnification of 20 times using an FPD inspection microscope to confirm the presence or absence of cracks or peeling.
- the flexible evaluation substrate alone was completely bent (diameter: 0.00 mm) without being wrapped around the wire, and then returned to the flat state again, and the same observation was performed.
- the above operation is repeated 5 times in total by changing the portion of the cured film to be bent or bent, and the value obtained by dividing the minimum groove depth at which no cracks or peeling were observed by 2 is the minimum radius of curvature that can be bent (mm).
- the smaller the value the better the flexibility among the seven steps of minimum curvature radius of 0.00mm, 0.05mm, 0.15mm, 0.25mm, 0.40mm, 0.50mm, 1.00mm.
- the cured film having a thickness of 0.40 mm or less was accepted, and the cured films having 0.50 mm and 1.00 mm were rejected. Moreover, when the minimum curvature radius exceeded 1.00 mm, it was determined as “out of measurement range” and was rejected.
- the result of separately evaluating the flexibility of a flexible substrate alone having a thickness of 7 ⁇ m was 0.00 mm, and it was confirmed separately that the substrate was excellent in flexibility and could be bent. In Examples 1 to 29 and Comparative Examples 1 to 20, no peeling of the cured film was observed, and the evaluation was made only from the presence or absence of cracks.
- the display unit was continuously irradiated with light having an illuminance of 3.0 W / cm 2 at a wavelength of 420 nm using a xenon lamp as a pseudo-sunlight as a light source.
- light was emitted again, and the pixel light emission area ratio was measured for 10 light emitting pixel portions located in the center, and the average value was calculated. Based on the pixel emission area ratio after 1 hour, the light emission reliability is excellent enough to maintain a high pixel emission area ratio. Evaluation is based on the following criteria. It was rejected.
- An alkali-soluble polyimide resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 25,000 and an acid value of 160 (mgKOH / g) is synthesized and dissolved in PGMEA to obtain a solid content of 30% by weight.
- a polyimide resin solution A was obtained.
- R in the general formula (2) 3 is a branched alkyl group having 17 carbon atoms derived from the compound represented by the structural formula (12), R 4 is COOCH 2 , and the structure represented by the structural formula (29).
- a PGMEA solution containing a cardo resin having a building unit was obtained and diluted with PGMEA so as to have a solid content of 15% by weight to obtain a cardo resin solution A.
- Pigment dispersion 2 was prepared in the same procedure as in Preparation Example 1, using titanium oxynitride (average primary particle diameter 35 nm; “TiON” in the table) instead of titanium nitride.
- Table 1 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- the average dispersed particle size of titanium oxynitride contained in Pigment Dispersion Liquid 2 was 95 nm.
- Preparation Example 4 Preparation of pigment dispersion 4
- 30.00 g of “Solsperse” (registered trademark) 20000 is mixed with 850.00 g of PGMEA and stirred for 10 minutes, and then 120.00 g of benzodifuranone represented by the above structural formula (32), which is an organic black pigment System pigment (average primary particle size 50 nm; “Irgaphor” (registered trademark) Black S0100; from the table, “S0100” in the table) manufactured by BASF) was stirred for 30 minutes, and then the same as in Preparation Example 1 using a horizontal bead mill Pigment dispersion 4 was prepared according to the procedure.
- Table 1 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- the average dispersed particle size of the benzodifuranone pigment contained in the pigment dispersion 4 was 120 nm.
- Preparation Examples 5 to 7 Preparation of pigment dispersions 5 to 7
- C.I. I. Pigment Blue 60 (average primary particle diameter 60 nm)
- an organic red pigment such as C.I. I. Pigment Red 190 (average primary particle diameter 55 nm)
- C.I. I. Pigment dispersions 5 to 7 were prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 using Pigment Yellow 192 (average primary particle size 40 nm).
- Table 1 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- C.I. contained in the pigment dispersion 5 I. Pigment Blue 60 has an average dispersed particle size of 162 nm
- C.I. I. Pigment Red 190 has an average dispersed particle size of 110 nm
- C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 192 had an average dispersed particle size of 90 nm.
- Preparation Example 8 Preparation of pigment dispersion 8
- “Solsperse” registered trademark 20000
- “Tego dispers” registered trademark 655 (an ethylene oxide / styrene oxide polymer dispersant having a phosphate group as an acidic adsorption group at the molecular end) is used as a dispersant.
- a pigment dispersion 8 was prepared in the same procedure as in Preparation Example 1. Table 1 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material. The average dispersed particle size of titanium nitride contained in the pigment dispersion 8 was 137 nm.
- Preparation Examples 9 to 11 Preparation of pigment dispersions 9 to 11
- Pigment Blue 60 has an average dispersed particle size of 170 nm
- C.I. I. Pigment Red 190 has an average dispersed particle size of 134 nm
- C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 192 had an average dispersed particle size of 105 nm.
- Preparation Example 12 Preparation of pigment dispersion 12
- 400.00 g of pigment dispersion 5 containing an organic blue pigment, 300.00 g of pigment dispersion 6 containing an organic red pigment, and 300.00 g of pigment dispersion 7 containing an organic yellow pigment Were mixed and stirred for 10 minutes to prepare a pigment dispersion 12 which was a pseudo black dispersion.
- Table 1 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- Preparation Example 13 Preparation of pigment dispersion 13
- 400.00 g of pigment dispersion 9 containing an organic blue pigment, 300.00 g of pigment dispersion 10 containing an organic red pigment, and 300.00 g of pigment dispersion 11 containing an organic yellow pigment Were mixed and stirred for 10 minutes to prepare pigment dispersion 13 which was a pseudo black dispersion.
- Table 2 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- Preparation Examples 14 and 15 Preparation of pigment dispersions 14 and 15
- Preparation Example 1 using zirconium nitride (average primary particle diameter 55 nm; “ZrN” in the table) and amorphous carbon black (average primary particle diameter 86 nm; “a-CB” in the table) instead of titanium nitride, respectively.
- Pigment dispersions 14 and 15 were prepared in the same procedure as described above.
- Table 3 shows the blending amount (g) and average dispersed particle size (nm) of each raw material.
- Amorphous carbon black, based on the sum of SP 3 structure and SP 2 structure was used as the content of SP 3 structure is 45atom%.
- Preparation Example 16 Preparation of pigment dispersion 16
- a pigment dispersion 16 was prepared in the same procedure as in Preparation Example 1 except that the wet dispersion treatment was performed so that the average dispersed particle size of titanium nitride was 312 nm.
- Table 3 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- Preparation Example 17 Preparation of pigment dispersion 17
- a pigment dispersion 17 was prepared in the same procedure as in Preparation Example 4 except that the wet dispersion treatment was performed so that the average dispersed particle size of the benzodifuranone pigment was 356 nm.
- Table 3 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- Example 1 2.18 g of the pigment dispersion 1, 2.97 g of the pigment dispersion 12, 0.45 g of the compound represented by the structural formula (3), 2.50 g of the polyimide resin solution A, and the following structural formula ( 41) 0.69 g of dipentaerythritol ⁇ -caprolactone-added acrylate (KAYARAD DPCA-60; manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), which is a compound having two or more radical polymerizable groups; “DPCA-60”), 0.12 g of “Adeka Cruz” (registered trademark) NCI-831 (manufactured by ADEKA), which is a photopolymerization initiator, and 11.09 g of PGMEA are mixed and sealed. The mixture was stirred on a shaker for 30 minutes to prepare a photosensitive composition 1 having negative photosensitivity and having a solid content of 15% by weight. Table 4 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material.
- KAYARAD DPCA-60 dipentaery
- the exposure film was obtained by irradiating the entire surface of the pre-baked film with the minimum exposure amount obtained by the above-described method using a 436 nm mixed line.
- the photosensitive composition 1 is applied to the surface of an aluminum base (70 mm ⁇ 70 mm) by applying a spin coater with the rotational speed adjusted so that the final thickness of the cured film is 2.0 ⁇ m.
- a film was obtained, and using a hot plate, the coating film was pre-baked at 100 ° C. under atmospheric pressure for 120 seconds to obtain a pre-baked film.
- a mixed line of j-line (313 nm), i-line (wavelength 365 nm), h-line (wavelength 405 nm) and g-line (wavelength 436 nm) of an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp was obtained by the above-described method using a double-sided alignment single-side exposure apparatus.
- An exposure film was obtained by irradiating the entire surface of the pre-baked film with the necessary minimum exposure amount.
- the exposed film was heated at 250 ° C. for 60 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere using a high-temperature inert gas oven to obtain a cured film having a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m.
- an aluminum thin film was pattern-deposited on the surface of the cured film so as to have a film thickness of 70 nm to obtain a dielectric constant evaluation substrate.
- Table 5 shows the results of evaluating the dielectric constant of the cured film by the method described above. Note that the same hot plate, double-sided alignment single-side exposure apparatus, and high-temperature inert gas oven were used as in the production of the optical property evaluation substrate.
- the coated film was obtained by coating with a coater, and dried at 110 ° C. for 10 minutes using a hot plate. Next, using a high-temperature inert gas oven, the temperature is raised from 50 ° C. at 4 ° C. per minute in a nitrogen atmosphere, heated at 350 ° C. for 30 minutes, then heated at 10 ° C. per minute and heated at 500 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the polyamic acid was imidized, it was naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a laminated base material having a flexible base material made of a polyimide resin on the surface of the glass base material. Further, the photosensitive composition 1 is applied to the surface of the flexible base material under the same conditions as those for preparing the optical property evaluation substrate, so that the finally obtained cured film has a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m. Pre-baking, exposure, development and curing were performed to obtain a cured film. Excimer laser is irradiated from the translucent glass substrate side, the adhesiveness of the flexible substrate is lowered, only the translucent glass substrate is peeled off, and the thickness of the flexible substrate having a thickness of 7.0 ⁇ m is increased. A flexible evaluation substrate on which a 2.0 ⁇ m thick cured film was formed was obtained. Table 5 shows the results of evaluating the flexibility of the cured film by the method described above.
- a patterned cured film forming substrate having a cured film obtained by curing the photosensitive composition 1 by the following method, and an organic for evaluating luminance unevenness comprising the patterned cured film as a pixel division layer An EL display device was produced.
- FIG. 4 shows a manufacturing process of an organic EL display device including a pixel dividing layer forming process.
- a 10 nm-thick silver / copper alloy thin film (volume ratio 10: 1) is formed on the entire surface of an alkali-free glass substrate (15) (square of 46 mm ⁇ 46 mm) by sputtering and etched. A patterned metal reflective layer (16) was formed. Next, an ITO transparent conductive film having a thickness of 10 nm is formed on the entire surface by sputtering and etched to form the second electrode 17 having the same pattern and an auxiliary electrode (18) as an extraction electrode.
- (Registered trademark) 56 manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd. was subjected to ultrasonic cleaning for 10 minutes, and then washed with ultrapure water to obtain an electrode-formed substrate.
- the photosensitive composition 1 is applied to the surface of the electrode forming substrate by adjusting the rotation speed so that the finally obtained pixel division layer has a thickness of 2.0 ⁇ m. Obtained.
- the coating film was pre-baked at 100 ° C. under atmospheric pressure for 120 seconds to obtain a pre-baked film.
- Edges in the vertical / horizontal direction of the pattern-shaped light-shielding portion of the negative exposure mask in which openings (rectangular 30 ⁇ m / rectangular of 165 ⁇ m) are arranged at a pitch of 50 ⁇ m between the openings are vertical in the alkali-free glass substrate (15).
- a negative exposure mask is set on the coating film so as to be parallel to the edge portions in the direction / lateral direction, and an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp is passed through the negative exposure mask using a double-sided alignment single-side exposure device.
- the exposure film is irradiated with a pattern of exposure light on the pre-baked film with a minimum exposure amount of a mixed line of j-line (313 nm), i-line (wavelength 365 nm), h-line (wavelength 405 nm) and g-line (wavelength 436 nm).
- j-line 313 nm
- i-line wavelength 365 nm
- h-line wavelength 405 nm
- g-line wavelength 436 nm
- the developing film is heated at 250 ° C. for 60 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere to form a cured film, and an opening (30 ⁇ m / width) is formed in an area of 16 mm length / 16 mm width at the center of the electrode forming substrate.
- the opening here is a portion that finally becomes the light emitting pixel portion
- the patterned cured film is a portion corresponding to the pixel division layer. Note that the same hot plate, double-sided alignment single-sided exposure apparatus, small photolithographic development apparatus, and high-temperature inert gas oven were used when the optical characteristic evaluation substrate was produced.
- an organic EL display device was produced using the patterned cured film forming substrate.
- the patterned cured film forming substrate is rotated with respect to the deposition source under the deposition conditions with a vacuum degree of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less.
- the compound (HT-1) was formed to a thickness of 10 nm
- the compound (HT-2) was formed to a thickness of 50 nm.
- a compound (GH-1) as a host material and a compound (GD-1) as a dopant material were deposited to a thickness of 40 nm on the light-emitting layer.
- the compound (ET-1) and the compound (LiQ) were laminated in a volume ratio of 1: 1 with a thickness of 40 nm as an electron transport material.
- a silver / magnesium alloy (volume ratio 10: 1) was deposited with a thickness of 10 nm to obtain a first electrode (21). Then, it sealed by adhere
- Table 6 shows the results of evaluating the luminance unevenness of the organic EL display device by the method described above.
- the thickness referred to here is a display value of a crystal oscillation type film thickness monitor.
- a flexible organic EL display device for evaluating light emission reliability comprising a cured film obtained by curing the photosensitive composition 1 as a pixel division layer was prepared by the following method.
- a non-alkali glass substrate (15) shown in FIG. 4 showing a process for producing an organic EL display device including a pixel dividing layer forming step is a flexible base material made of a polyimide resin on the surface of a glass base material as a support.
- the photosensitive composition 1 is applied, and pre-baking, exposure, development, and curing are performed.
- a 2.0 ⁇ m thick cured film having the same pattern as the previous patterned cured film (19) was obtained.
- the organic EL layer and the first electrode were formed and sealed in the same procedure.
- the glass substrate was peeled off to complete a flexible organic EL display device for evaluating the light emission reliability, and the light emission reliability was evaluated by the previous method.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 6.
- the laminated base material which comprises the flexible base material which consists of a polyimide resin on the surface of a glass base material used what was obtained in the same procedure as the time of preparation of said board
- Examples 2 to 8 instead of the compound represented by the structural formula (3), the compounds represented by the structural formulas (5), (7), (9), (11), (13), (15), and (17) Using the same procedures as in Example 1, the photosensitive compositions 2 to 8 having a solid content of 15% by weight and having negative photosensitivity in the types and blending amounts (g) of the respective raw materials shown in Table 4 were used. The cured film and the organic EL display device were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 5-6.
- Example 9 to 11 Using the pigment dispersion 4 instead of the pigment dispersion 12, using the compounds represented by the structural formulas (11), (3), and (17), respectively, in the same procedure as in Example 1, Photosensitive compositions 9 to 11 having a negative photosensitivity and a solid content of 15% by weight were prepared with the types and blending amounts (g) of the raw materials shown, and cured films and organic EL were produced in the same manner as in Example 1. A display device was fabricated and evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 8-9.
- Example 12 In the same procedure as in Example 9, except that dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (in the table, “DPHA”) was used instead of ⁇ -caprolactone-added acrylate of dipentaerythritol, solid content 15 A photosensitive composition 12 of% by weight was prepared, and a cured film and an organic EL display device were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 8-9.
- DPHA dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate
- Example 13 The types and blending amounts of the respective raw materials shown in Table 7 were the same as in Example 1 except that the pigment dispersion 16 was used instead of the pigment dispersion 1, and the pigment dispersion 17 was used instead of the pigment dispersion 4.
- a photosensitive composition 13 having a negative photosensitive property and having a solid content of 15% by weight was prepared, and a cured film and an organic EL display device were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 8-9.
- Example 14 to 15 Without using the pigment dispersion 1, each of the pigment dispersions 4 and 12 was used in the same procedure as in Example 1, and the type and blending amount (g) of each raw material shown in Table 7 had negative photosensitivity. Photosensitive compositions 14 to 15 having a solid content of 15% by weight were prepared, and cured films and organic EL display devices were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 8-9.
- Example 16 to 18 Except that the ratio of the compound represented by the structural formula (11) and the polyimide resin solution A was changed, the procedure was the same as in Example 9, and the type and blending amount (g) of each raw material shown in Table 7 were negative. Photosensitive compositions 16 to 18 having a solid content of 15% by weight were prepared, and cured films and organic EL display devices were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 8-9.
- Example 19 to 21 Using the pigment dispersions 2, 4, 12, 14, and 15, the photosensitive composition 19 having a solid content of 15% by weight and having negative photosensitivity at each raw material type and blending amount (g) shown in Table 10 To 21 were prepared, and cured films and organic EL display devices were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 11-12.
- Example 22 to 23 0.20 g of FDN-08 (“VO-Pc” in the table), which is a vanadyl phthalocyanine-based near-infrared absorbing dye having a maximum absorption wavelength at a wavelength of 992 nm, was added to 9.80 g of PGMEA and stirred for 3 hours. Further using the near-infrared absorbing dye solution A obtained in the same manner as in Example 9, the photosensitive composition having a solid content of 15% by weight with the type and blending amount (g) of each raw material shown in Table 10 22 to 23 were prepared, and cured films and organic EL display devices were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 11-12.
- Example 24 In the same procedure as in Example 5 except that pigment dispersions 3 and 4 were used in place of pigment dispersions 1 and 12, the negative type photosensitivity was determined according to the type and blending amount (g) of each raw material shown in Table 10.
- a photosensitive composition 24 having a solid content of 15% by weight was prepared, and a cured film and an organic EL display device were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 11-12.
- Example 25 2.18 g of pigment dispersion 1, 2.97 g of pigment dispersion 12, 2.10 g of polyimide resin solution A, 5.00 g of polyimide resin solution B, and two or more radical polymerizable groups Compound 0.51 g of dipentaerythritol ⁇ -caprolactone-added acrylate (KAYARAD DPCA-60), 0.12 g of “Adeka Cruz” (registered trademark) NCI-831 as a photopolymerization initiator, and 7.12 g PGMEA was mixed, sealed, and stirred on a shaker for 30 minutes to prepare a photosensitive composition 25 having a negative photosensitive property and having a solid content of 15% by weight.
- a cured film and an organic EL display device were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Table 13 shows the type and blending amount (g) of each raw material, and Tables 14 to 15 show the evaluation results.
- Example 26 A solid content having negative photosensitivity in the same manner as in Example 25 except that the polyimide resin solution B was replaced with the cardo resin solution A, with the types and blending amounts (g) of each raw material shown in Table 7. 15% by weight of the photosensitive composition 26 was prepared, and a cured film and an organic EL display device were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 14-15.
- the negative photosensitive material can be used with the types and blending amounts (g) of each raw material shown in Table 16.
- Photosensitive compositions 27 to 33 having a solid content of 15% by weight were prepared, and cured films and organic EL display devices were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 17-18.
- Example 27 2.18 g of the pigment dispersion 8, 0.67 g of the pigment dispersion 13, 0.45 g of the compound represented by the structural formula (11), 4.35 g of the polyimide resin solution A, and 0.60 g
- the quinonediazide compound a and 11.75 g of PGMEA were mixed, sealed, and stirred on a shaker for 30 minutes to prepare a photosensitive composition 44 having a positive photosensitive property and having a solid content of 15% by weight.
- the pattern exposure was not performed in the production of the optical property evaluation substrate, the dielectric constant evaluation substrate, and the flexibility evaluation substrate, and in the production of the patterned cured film formation substrate, the opening of the negative exposure mask and the light shielding portion were A cured film and an organic EL display device were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an inverted positive exposure mask was used.
- Table 22 shows the blending amount (g) of each raw material, and Tables 23 to 24 show the evaluation results.
- Example 28 Each of the raw materials shown in Table 25 was used instead of the compound represented by the structural formula (11) instead of the compound represented by the structural formula (3), and the polybenzoxazole precursor solution A instead of the polyimide resin solution A.
- a photosensitive composition 46 having a negative photosensitivity and a solid content of 15% by weight was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a cured film and an organic EL display device were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. And evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 26 to 27.
- Example 29 A polybenzoxazole precursor solution A is used in place of the polyimide resin solution A, and the photosensitive composition having a solid content of 15% by weight having positive photosensitivity with the types and blending amounts (g) of each raw material shown in Table 28. 48 was prepared.
- the pattern exposure was not performed in the production of the optical property evaluation substrate, the dielectric constant evaluation substrate, and the flexibility evaluation substrate, and in the production of the patterned cured film formation substrate, the opening of the negative exposure mask and the light shielding portion were A cured film and an organic EL display device were produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an inverted positive exposure mask was used.
- the evaluation results are shown in Tables 29-30.
- Example 25 containing the component (a-2) and Example 26 containing the component (a-3) the flexibility and light emission reliability were higher than those in Comparative Example 1 having equivalent optical characteristics. It can be seen that it has improved.
- Comparative Example 8 containing a compound having an alkyl group with 8 carbon atoms, no improvement in flexibility and light emission reliability is observed.
- Comparative Example 9 containing a compound having 20 carbon atoms in the long-chain alkyl group, although the emission reliability was improved, the pattern linearity was greatly deteriorated, and the content was further reduced. It can be seen that the linearity of the pattern is similarly deteriorated in the adjusted comparative example 10.
- the carbon number of the long-chain alkyl group of the above components (a-1) to (a-3) contained in the photosensitive composition is within the range of 9 to 19. It turns out that it is essential.
- Comparative Example 11 containing a compound represented by structural formulas (44) and (48) to (49) having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms but no epoxy group is equivalent Compared with the comparative example 2 which has these optical characteristics, no improvement is observed. On the contrary, in Comparative Examples 12 to 15 containing the compounds represented by the structural formulas (45) to (47) having an epoxy group but not having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms, the same optical properties are obtained. Compared with Comparative Example 2 having characteristics, no improvement is observed.
- Comparative Example 13 containing a compound having an epoxy group but not having a long-chain alkyl group having 9 to 19 carbon atoms, there is no improvement compared to Comparative Example 2 having equivalent optical characteristics. I can't watch it.
- Example 14 to 15 containing only an organic pigment as a coloring material the light transmittance in the near infrared region is as high as 90% or more, which indicates that the organic pigment is a coloring material that is extremely poor in near infrared light shielding properties. Yes.
- Example 5 containing titanium nitride in addition to the organic pigments of blue, yellow, and red compared to Example 15, a high light shielding property in the near infrared and visible light regions can be obtained with a lower pigment concentration. It can be seen that high flexibility is also obtained.
- Example 9 containing an organic black pigment having a high coloring power in the visible light region, it is necessary to obtain the same optical characteristics as in Example 5 containing a mixture of blue, yellow and red organic pigments. As a result, the flexibility is improved.
- Example 28 has improved flexibility and light emission reliability compared to Comparative Example 19 and Example 29 compared to Comparative Example 20. These tendencies are in common with Example 5 being superior to Comparative Example 1 and Example 27 being superior to Comparative Example 18. That is, even if the alkali-soluble resin contained in the photosensitive composition of the present invention is either an alkali-soluble polyimide resin or an alkali-soluble polybenzoxazole precursor, the effects of the present invention are obtained. In addition, the effect of the present invention is obtained regardless of whether the photosensitive composition has a negative photosensitive property or a positive photosensitive property.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention can be used as a material for forming a planarization layer of a TFT in addition to a pixel dividing layer of an organic EL display device, and particularly, a smartphone that can be bent or folded. Useful in electronic equipment applications.
- TFT 2 Wiring 3: TFT insulating film 4: Planarization layer 5: Second electrode (ITO electrode) 6: base material 7: contact hole 8: pixel division layer 9: light emitting pixel 10: first electrode 11: opening 12: patterned cured film 13: cured film 14: flexible base material 15: alkali-free glass substrate 16: metal Reflective layer 17: second electrode 18: auxiliary electrode 19: patterned cured film 20: organic EL layer 21: first electrode
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Abstract
Description
下記(a-1)~(a-3)の群から選ばれる化合物を少なくとも1種含有し、かつ(b)感光剤を含有する感光性組成物、である。
(a-2)下記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する樹脂
(a-3)下記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する樹脂
本発明の硬化膜は、次の構成を有する。すなわち、
上記感光性組成物の硬化物からなる硬化膜、である。
上記感光性組成物の硬化膜を具備する有機EL表示装置、である。
本発明の感光性組成物は、前記(a-2)、前記(a-3)のうち少なくともいずれかの化合物を含有し、上記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する樹脂がポリイミド樹脂であり、上記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する樹脂がカルド樹脂であることが好ましい。
本発明の感光性組成物は、下記(a-1)~(a-3)の群から選ばれる化合物を少なくとも1種含有する。
(a-2)下記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する樹脂
(a-3)下記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する樹脂。
(a-1)の炭素数9~19の長鎖アルキル基を有するエポキシ化合物、(a-2)の上記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する樹脂、(a-3)の上記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する樹脂は、それぞれ単独であるいは複数種を混合して用いることができる。また、(a-2)の上記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する樹脂または(a-3)の上記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する樹脂が、さらに分子内にエポキシ基を有する場合であっても、(a-1)の炭素数9~19の長鎖アルキル基を有するエポキシ化合物には属さないものと定義する。
一般式(24)中、R5-(R7)pは、酸二無水物の残基を表す。R5は、芳香族環または環状脂肪族基を有する、炭素原子数5~40の有機基が好ましい。
アルカリ可溶性カルド樹脂の酸価は、アルカリ現像液への溶解性の観点から、30mgKOH/g以上が好ましく、50mgKOH/g以上がより好ましい。一方、画素分割層のパターンエッジ剥離を抑制する観点から、酸価は300mgKOH/g以下が好ましく、250mgKOH/g以下がより好ましい。
中でも、遮光性と発光信頼性の観点から、R9~R18が水素原子であるものが好ましく、すなわち、下記構造式(32)で表されるベンゾジフラノン系黒色顔料を好ましく用いることができる。下記構造式(32)で表されるベンゾジフラノン系黒色顔料としては市販品を用いてもよく、例えば、BASF製“Irgaphor”(登録商標)Black S0100が挙げられる。また、これに加えて、R11およびR16がSO3H、SO3 -、SO2NR19R20またはCOOHであるベンゾジフラノン系黒色顔料を分散助剤として一部混合して後述の湿式分散処理を行うことで分散性を高めることができる。
中でも、遮光性と発光信頼性の観点から、R21~R28が水素原子であるものが好ましく、すなわち、下記構造式(35)および/または(36)で表されるペリレン系黒色顔料を好ましく用いることができる。下記構造式(35)および(36)で表されるペリレン系黒色顔料(シス-トランス異性体混合物)としては市販品を用いてもよく、例えば、BASF製FK4280が挙げられる。
遮光性と発光信頼性の観点から好ましい具体例として、下記構造式(38)で表されるアゾ系黒色顔料、下記構造式(39)で表されるアゾ系黒色顔料が挙げられる。
ここで、
C:静電容量(F)
d:膜厚(m)
ε:真空の誘電率8.854×10-12(F/m)
S:電極面積(m2)。
<必要最低露光量の算出方法>
100mm×100mmの無アルカリガラス基板の表面に、スパッタ法により、厚さ10nmの銀/銅合金の薄膜(体積比10:1)を全面成膜し、エッチングしてパターン状の金属反射層を形成し、次いでスパッタ法により、厚さ10nmのITO透明導電膜を全面成膜し、必要最低露光量評価用基板を得た。
(i)近赤外領域の遮光性および(ii)可視光領域の遮光性の評価
実施例1~29および比較例1~20により得られた、テンパックスの表面に硬化膜を具備する光学特性評価用基板について、分光光度計「U-4100(日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製)」を用いて、波長380nmから1,000nmまでの光透過率を、測定波長1.0nmごと測定し、透光性基材の透過光強度と、光学特性評価用基板の透過光強度との比から求めた光透過率の小数点第二位を四捨五入して小数点第一位までの数値を求め、硬化膜の光透過率とした。波長780~1,000nmにおける光透過率の最大値が低い硬化膜ほど、近赤外領域の遮光性に優れていると評価し、波長550nmにおける光透過率が低い硬化膜ほど、可視光領域の遮光性に優れていると評価した。なお、硬化膜の厚さは、触針式膜厚測定装置(東京精密(株);サーフコム)を用いて、面内3箇所において測定し、その平均値の小数点第二位を四捨五入して、小数点第一位までの数値を求めた。
実施例1~29および比較例1~20により得られた、アルミニウム基材、硬化膜、アルミニウム薄膜を順に具備する誘電率評価用基板について、誘電率測定装置である「LCRメーター4294A(Agilent Technologies社製)」を用いて周波数1kHzにおける誘電率を測定した。なお、硬化膜の厚さは、触針式膜厚測定装置(東京精密(株);サーフコム)を用いて、面内4箇所において測定し、その平均値の小数点第二位を四捨五入して、小数点第一位までの数値を求めた。
実施例1~29および比較例1~20により得られたパターン状硬化膜形成基板の中央部に位置する開口部10箇所を、光学顕微鏡を用いて倍率50倍に拡大して観察し、硬化膜のパターンエッジ部における波打ちの最大幅W(μm)を以下の方法で算出した。パターン状硬化膜において、横方向において最小の線幅aおよび最大の線幅b、縦方向において最小の線幅cおよび最大の線幅dをそれぞれ測長して、以下の式からW1(μm)およびW2(μm)をそれぞれ算出し、W1(μm)とW2(μm)のうち大きいほうの値を、波打ちの最大幅W(μm)とした。なお、線幅a~dの測長時の測長角度は、パターン状硬化膜形成基板のエッジ部を基準として平行となるように行った。
(d-c)/2=W2
硬化膜のパターンエッジ部における波打ちを示す概略図を、図2に示す。白色で示した箇所が開口部(11)を表し、黒色で示した箇所がパターン状硬化膜(12)を表す。図2におけるaおよびbの矢印は、パターン状硬化膜形成基板の横方向のエッジ部に対して平行な直線であり、一方、cおよびdの矢印は、パターン状硬化膜形成基板の縦方向のエッジ部に対して平行な直線である。なお、ここで基準とした、パターン状硬化膜形成基板の横方向または縦方向のエッジ部とは、後述する画素分割層を備えた有機EL表示装置の作製方法を示す図3において無アルカリガラス基板(15)の横方向または縦方向のエッジ部のことである。
B:最大幅が、1.0μm以上1.5μm未満
C:最大幅が、1.5μm以上2.0μm未満
D:最大幅が、2.0μm以上3.0μm未満
E:最大幅が、3.0μm以上。
(v)屈曲性の評価
実施例1~29および比較例1~20により得られた、フレキシブル基材の表面に硬化膜が形成された屈曲性評価用基板について、以下の方法で屈曲性を評価した。
実施例1~29および比較例1~20により得られた有機EL表示装置を、10mA/cm2の直流駆動により、オン/オフ切り替え操作で30秒間ごとに10回繰り返し発光させて、縦16mm/横16mmのエリア内に形成した画素部において、中央部に位置する発光画素部10箇所を、倍率50倍でモニター上に拡大表示させて観察し、点灯時の輝度ムラの程度を、以下の判定基準に基づいて評価し、A~Cを合格、D~Eを不合格とした。
B:輝度ムラが僅かに観られる
C:輝度ムラが観られる
D:輝度ムラが顕著に観られる
E:非点灯の画素部が1箇所以上あり、評価不能。
実施例1~29および比較例1~20により得られたフレキシブル有機EL表示装置を、表示部(発光面)を上にして80℃に加熱したホットプレート上に置き、10mA/cm2で直流駆動にて発光させてから1時間後の画素発光面積率(発光画素の面積に対する発光部の面積率)を評価した後に電源を一旦オフとして消灯させた。次いで、擬似太陽光としてキセノンランプを光源とする、波長420nmにおける照度3.0W/cm2の光を絶えず表示部に照射し続けた。照射を開始してから50時間後、100時間後、500時間後に再び発光させ、中央部に位置する発光画素部10箇所について画素発光面積率を測定し、その平均値を算出した。1時間後の画素発光面積率を基準として、高い画素発光面積率を維持できるほど発光信頼性が優れているとし、以下の判定基準に基づいて評価し、A~Cを合格、D~Fを不合格とした。
B:90%以上95%未満
C:85%以上90%未満
D:60%以上85%未満
E:60%未満
F:駆動直後の時点で非点灯の発光画素部が1箇所以上有り。
乾燥窒素気流下、150.15gの2,2-ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン(0.41mol)、6.20gの1,3-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン(0.02mol)、および、末端封止剤である13.65gの3-アミノフェノール(0.13mol)を、溶剤である500.00gのN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(以下、「NMP」)に溶解し、そこに155.10gのビス(3,4-ジカルボキシフェニル)エーテル二無水物(0.50mol)および150.00gのNMPを加えて20℃で1時間撹拌し、さらに水を除去しながら180℃で4時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を10Lの水に投入し、生成した沈殿物を濾過して集め、水で5回洗浄し、80℃の真空乾燥機で20時間乾燥して、上記一般式(24)で表される構造単位を有する、重量平均分子量(Mw)が25,000、酸価160(mgKOH/g)のアルカリ可溶性ポリイミド樹脂を合成し、これをPGMEAに溶解して、固形分30重量%のポリイミド樹脂溶液Aを得た。
180.00gのPGMEAと、107.14gのポリイミド樹脂溶液Aと、12.86gの上記構造式(12)で表される化合物とを、乾燥窒素気流下、130℃の加熱条件下で30分間反応させることで、上記一般式(1)におけるR1が構造式(12)で表される化合物を由来する炭素数17の分岐アルキル基であり、R2がCOOCH2である構造を有し、かつ上記構造式(25)で表される構造単位を有するポリイミド樹脂を含有するPGMEA溶液を得て、固形分15重量%となるよう、さらにPGMEAで希釈して、ポリイミド樹脂溶液Bを得た。
容積300mLの4つ口フラスコに、温度計、撹拌羽根付き撹拌棒をセットした。乾燥窒素気流下、アミド系溶剤である、90.00gのN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(以下、「NMP」という)をフラスコ内に添加して昇温を開始し、液温を40℃で維持した。ジアミン化合物である、10.81g(100mmol)のp-フェニレンジアミンを、NMP中に添加し、撹拌して溶解させた。次いで、酸二無水物である、26.48g(90mmol)の3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物を添加し、撹拌して溶解させた。4時間撹拌し続けた後、末端封止剤である、3.27g(15mmol)の二炭酸ジ-tert-ブチルを加えて1時間撹拌した後、2.94g(10mmol)の3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物と、10.00gのNMPを加え、さらに2時間撹拌を続けた後に加温を停止して自然冷却した。液温が20℃であることを確認し、固形分40.0重量%となるよう、さらにNMPで希釈して、ポリアミド酸溶液Aを得た。
214.09gのPGMEAと、73.05gの“ADEKA ARKLS”(登録商標)WR-301((株)ADEKA製;エポキシ基を有する芳香族化合物および不飽和カルボン酸を開環付加反応させて得られる樹脂に、カルボン酸無水物を反応させて得られるアルカリ可溶性カルド樹脂を44重量%、PGMEAを56重量%の割合で含む樹脂溶液;重量平均分子量(Mw)5,700;酸価98(mgKOH/g))と、12.86gの上記構造式(12)で表される化合物とを、乾燥窒素気流下、130℃の加熱条件下で30分間反応させることで、上記一般式(2)におけるR3が構造式(12)で表される化合物を由来する炭素数17の分岐アルキル基であり、R4がCOOCH2であり、上記構造式(29)で表される構造単位を有するカルド樹脂を含有するPGMEA溶液を得て、固形分15重量%となるよう、PGMEAで希釈して、カルド樹脂溶液Aを得た。
乾燥窒素気流下、フェノール性水酸基を有する化合物である21.23g(0.05mol)のTrisP-PA(本州化学工業(株)製)と、33.58g(0.125mol)の5-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホニル酸クロリドを、450.00gの1,4-ジオキサンに溶解させ、室温にした。ここに、50.00gの1,4-ジオキサンと混合させた12.65g(0.125mol)のトリエチルアミンを系内が25~35℃となるよう維持しつつ滴下した。滴下後30℃で2時間攪拌した。次いで、トリエチルアミン塩を濾過し、濾液を水に投入し、析出した沈殿を濾過し回収した。この沈殿物を真空乾燥機で乾燥させ、感光剤である、構造式(40)で表されるキノンジアジド化合物aを得た。
57.69gの“Solsperse”(登録商標) 20000(三級アミノ基を分子末端に有するポリエーテル系高分子樹脂分散剤)を、溶剤である750.00gのPGMEAに混合して10分間撹拌した後、192.31gの窒化チタン(平均一次粒子径25nm;表中、「TiN」)を投入して30分間撹拌した後に、横型ビーズミルを用いて湿式メディア分散処理および濾過(PPフィルタ孔径0.8μm)を行い、顔料分散液1を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。なお、顔料分散液1に含有する窒化チタンの平均分散粒子径は85nmであった。
窒化チタンに替えて、酸窒化チタン(平均一次粒子径35nm;表中、「TiON」)を用いて、調製例1と同様の手順で顔料分散液2を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。なお、顔料分散液2に含有する酸窒化チタンの平均分散粒子径は95nmであった。
46.15gのSolsperse20000を、800.00gのPGMEAに混合して10分間撹拌した後、153.85gのカーボンブラック(フェニルスルホン酸基が表面に修飾された高抵抗カーボンブラック;CABOT製“TPK-1227”;平均一次粒子径40nm)を投入した後に30分間撹拌して、横型ビーズミルで調製例1と同様の手順で顔料分散液3を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。なお、顔料分散液3に含有するカーボンブラックの平均分散粒子径は120nmであった。
30.00gの“Solsperse”(登録商標) 20000を、850.00gのPGMEAに混合して10分間撹拌した後、有機黒色顔料である、120.00gの上記構造式(32)で表されるベンゾジフラノン系顔料(平均一次粒子径50nm;BASF製“Irgaphor”(登録商標)Black S0100;表中、「S0100」)を投入して30分間撹拌した後に、横型ビーズミルを用いて、調製例1と同様の手順で顔料分散液4を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。なお、顔料分散液4に含有するベンゾジフラノン系顔料の平均分散粒子径は120nmであった。
上記構造式(32)で表されるベンゾジフラノン系顔料に替えて、有機青色顔料であるC.I.ピグメントブルー60(平均一次粒子径60nm)、有機赤色顔料であるC.I.ピグメントレッド190(平均一次粒子径55nm)、有機黄色顔料であるC.I.ピグメントイエロー192(平均一次粒子径40nm)を用いて、調製例1と同様の手順で顔料分散液5~7をそれぞれ調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。なお、顔料分散液5に含有するC.I.ピグメントブルー60の平均分散粒子径は、162nm、顔料分散液6に含有するC.I.ピグメントレッド190の平均分散粒子径は、110nm、顔料分散液7に含有するC.I.ピグメントイエロー192の平均分散粒子径は90nmであった。
“Solsperse”(登録商標) 20000に替えて、分散剤として“Tego dispers”(登録商標)655(分子末端に酸性吸着基としてリン酸基を有するエチレンオキサイド/スチレンオキサイド系高分子分散剤)を用いて、調製例1と同様の手順で、顔料分散液8を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。なお、顔料分散液8に含有する窒化チタンの平均分散粒子径は137nmであった。
“Solsperse”(登録商標) 20000に替えて、分散剤として“Tego dispers”(登録商標)655を用いて、調製例5~7と同様の手順で顔料分散液9~11をそれぞれ調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。なお、顔料分散液9に含有するC.I.ピグメントブルー60の平均分散粒子径は170nm、顔料分散液10に含有するC.I.ピグメントレッド190の平均分散粒子径は134nm、顔料分散液7に含有するC.I.ピグメントイエロー192の平均分散粒子径は105nmであった。
有機青色顔料を含有する、400.00gの顔料分散液5と、有機赤色顔料を含有する、300.00gの顔料分散液6と、有機黄色顔料を含有する、300.00gの顔料分散液7とを混合し10分間撹拌して、擬似黒色分散液である、顔料分散液12を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表1に示す。
有機青色顔料を含有する、400.00gの顔料分散液9と、有機赤色顔料を含有する、300.00gの顔料分散液10と、有機黄色顔料を含有する、300.00gの顔料分散液11とを混合し10分間撹拌して、擬似黒色分散液である顔料分散液13を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表2に示す。
窒化チタンに替えて、窒化ジルコニウム(平均一次粒子径55nm;表中、「ZrN」)、アモルファスカーボンブラック(平均一次粒子径86nm;表中、「a-CB」)をそれぞれ用いて、調製例1と同様の手順で顔料分散液14、15を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)および平均分散粒子径(nm)を表3に示す。アモルファスカーボンブラックは、SP3構造およびSP2構造の合計に対して、SP3構造の含有量が45atom%であるものを用いた。また、窒化ジルコニウムは、ZrNで表されるものを用いた。なお、顔料分散液8に含有する窒化チタンの平均分散粒子径は137nm、顔料分散液15に含有するアモルファスカーボンブラックの平均分散粒子径は165nmであった。
窒化チタンの平均分散粒子径が312nmとなるように湿式分散処理を行った以外は、調製例1と同様の手順で、顔料分散液16を作製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表3に示す。
ベンゾジフラノン系顔料の平均分散粒子径が356nmとなるように湿式分散処理を行った以外は、調製例4と同様の手順で、顔料分散液17を作製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表3に示す。
2.18gの顔料分散液1と、2.97gの顔料分散液12と、0.45gの構造式(3)で表される化合物と、2.50gのポリイミド樹脂溶液Aと、下記構造式(41)で表される、2つ以上のラジカル重合性基を有する化合物である0.69gのジペンタエリスリトールのε-カプロラクトン付加アクリレート(KAYARAD DPCA-60;日本化薬(株)製;表中、「DPCA-60」)と、光重合開始剤である0.12gの“アデカクルーズ”(登録商標)NCI-831((株)ADEKA製)と、11.09gのPGMEAを混合し、密栓して30分間シェーカー上で撹拌し、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物1を調製した。各原料の配合量(g)を表4に示す。
構造式(3)で表される化合物に替えて上記構造式(5)、(7)、(9)、(11)、(13)、(15)、(17)で表される化合物をそれぞれ用いて、実施例1と同様の手順で、表4に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物2~8をそれぞれ調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表5~6に示す。
顔料分散液12に替えて顔料分散液4を用い、上記構造式(11)、(3)、(17)で表される化合物をそれぞれ用いて、実施例1と同様の手順で、表7に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物9~11を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表8~9に示す。
ジペンタエリスリトールのε-カプロラクトン付加アクリレートに替えて、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(表中、「DPHA」)を用いた以外は実施例9と同様の手順で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物12を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表8~9に示す。
顔料分散液1に替えて顔料分散液16を用い、顔料分散液4に替えて顔料分散液17を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の手順で、表7に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物13を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表8~9に示す。
顔料分散液1を用いることなく、顔料分散液4、12をそれぞれ用いて実施例1と同様の手順で、表7に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物14~15を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表8~9に示す。
上記構造式(11)で表される化合物とポリイミド樹脂溶液Aの割合を替えた以外は実施例9と同様の手順で、表7に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物16~18を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表8~9に示す。
顔料分散液2、4、12、14、15を用いて、表10に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物19~21を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表11~12に示す。
波長992nmに極大吸収波長を有するバナジルフタロシアニン系近赤外線吸収染料である、0.20gのFDN-08(表中、「VO-Pc」)を、9.80gのPGMEAに添加して3時間撹拌して得られた近赤外線吸収染料溶液Aをさらに用いて、実施例9と同様の手順で、表10に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物22~23を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表11~12に示す。
顔料分散液1および12に替えて、顔料分散液3および4を用いた以外は、実施例5と同様の手順で、表10に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物24を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表11~12に示す。
2.18gの顔料分散液1と、2.97gの顔料分散液12と、2.10gのポリイミド樹脂溶液Aと、5.00gのポリイミド樹脂溶液Bと、2つ以上のラジカル重合性基を有する化合物である0.51gのジペンタエリスリトールのε-カプロラクトン付加アクリレート(KAYARAD DPCA-60)と、光重合開始剤である0.12gの“アデカクルーズ”(登録商標)NCI-831と、7.12gのPGMEAを混合し、密栓して30分間シェーカー上で撹拌し、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物25を調製した。
実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。各原料の種類および配合量(g)を表13に、評価結果を表14~15に示す。
ポリイミド樹脂溶液Bを、カルド樹脂溶液Aに替えた以外は、実施例25と同様の手順で、表7に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物26を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表14~15に示す。
本発明の感光性組成物中の必須成分である上記(a-1)~(a-3)成分を用いることなく、表16に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物27~33を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表17~18に示す。
上記構造式(3)で表される化合物に替えて、下記構造式(42)、(43)で表される化合物を用い、表16に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物34~36を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表17~18に示す。なお、下記構造式(42)、(43)で表される化合物は、上記(a-1)~(a-3)成分に該当する化合物ではない。
上記構造式(3)で表される化合物に替えて、下記構造式(44)~(49)で表される化合物を用い、表19に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物27~33を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表20~21に示す。なお、下記構造式(44)~(49)で表される化合物は、上記(a-1)~(a-3)成分に該当する化合物ではない。
2.18gの顔料分散液8と、0.67gの顔料分散液13と、0.45gの上記構造式(11)で表される化合物と、4.35gのポリイミド樹脂溶液Aと、0.60gのキノンジアジド化合物aと、11.75gのPGMEAを混合し、密栓して30分間シェーカー上で撹拌し、ポジ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物44を調製した。光学特性評価用基板、誘電率評価用基板および屈曲性評価用基板の作製においてパターン露光を行なわなかったことと、パターン状硬化膜形成基板の作製においてネガ型露光マスクの開口部と遮光部とが反転したポジ型露光マスクを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で、硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。各原料の配合量(g)を表22に、評価結果を表23~24に示す。
上記構造式(11)で表される化合物を用いなかった以外は、実施例27と同様の手順で、表22に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ポジ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物45を調製し、実施例27と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表23~24に示す。
乾燥窒素気流下、41.32g(0.16mol)のジフェニルエーテル-4,4'-ジカルボン酸と、43.24g(0.32mol)の1-ヒドロキシ-1,2,3-ベンゾトリアゾールとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体の混合物(0.16mol)と、73.25g(0.20mol)の2,2-ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパンを、570.00gのNMPに溶解させた後、75℃で12時間反応させた。次いで、13.13g(0.08mol)の5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物を、70.00gのNMPに予め溶解させた溶液を加え、さらに12時間攪拌して反応させた。反応混合物を濾過した後、反応混合物を水/メタノール=3/1(容積比)の溶液に投入して白色沈殿を得た。この沈殿を濾過で集めて、水で3回洗浄した後、80℃の真空乾燥機で24時間乾燥し、アルカリ可溶性ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体を得た。これをPGMEAに溶解して、固形分30重量%のポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体溶液Aを得た。
構造式(3)で表される化合物に替えて上記構造式(11)で表される化合物を用い、ポリイミド樹脂溶液Aに替えてポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体溶液Aを用い、表25に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物46を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表26~27に示す。
上記構造式(11)で表される化合物を用いることなく、表25に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ネガ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物47を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表26~27に示す。
ポリイミド樹脂溶液Aに替えて、ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体溶液Aを用い、表28に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ポジ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物48を調製した。光学特性評価用基板、誘電率評価用基板および屈曲性評価用基板の作製においてパターン露光を行なわなかったことと、パターン状硬化膜形成基板の作製においてネガ型露光マスクの開口部と遮光部とが反転したポジ型露光マスクを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で、硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表29~30に示す。
上記構造式(11)で表される化合物を用いることなく、表28に示す各原料の種類および配合量(g)で、ポジ型感光性を有する、固形分15重量%の感光性組成物49を調製し、実施例29と同様の方法で硬化膜および有機EL表示装置を作製して評価した。評価結果を表29~30に示す。
エポキシ基を有するが、炭素数9~19の長鎖アルキル基を有さない化合物とを混合して含有する比較例13においても、同等の光学特性を有する比較例2と比べて、何ら改善が観られない。
2:配線
3:TFT絶縁膜
4:平坦化層
5:第二電極(ITO電極)
6:基材
7:コンタクトホール
8:画素分割層
9:発光画素
10:第一電極
11:開口部
12:パターン状硬化膜
13:硬化膜
14:フレキシブル基材
15:無アルカリガラス基板
16:金属反射層
17:第二電極
18:補助電極
19:パターン状硬化膜
20:有機EL層
21:第一電極
Claims (16)
- さらに、(c)近赤外線遮光性を有する無機顔料を含有する請求項1に記載の感光性組成物。
- 前記(c)近赤外線遮光性を有する無機顔料が、チタン原子を有する無機黒色顔料、ジルコニウム原子を有する無機黒色顔料およびアモルファスカーボンブラックの群から少なくとも1種選ばれる無機顔料を含有する請求項2に記載の感光性組成物。
- 前記(a-1)~(a-3)の群から選ばれる化合物が有する長鎖アルキル基が、第三級炭素および/または第四級炭素を合計3つ以上有する分岐アルキル基である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物。
- 前記(a-2)、前記(a-3)のうち少なくともいずれかの化合物を含有し、上記一般式(1)で表される構造を有する樹脂がポリイミド樹脂であり、上記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する樹脂がカルド樹脂である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物。
- さらに、(d)有機黒色顔料を含有する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物。
- 前記(b)感光剤が、ラジカル重合性基を2つ以上有する化合物および光重合開始剤を含有し、ネガ型感光性を有する請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物。
- 前記(b)感光剤が、光酸発生剤を含有し、ポジ型感光性を有する請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物。
- さらに、(e)バナジルフタロシアニン系近赤外線吸収染料を含有する請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物。
- 膜厚2.0μmの硬化膜にしたときの、波長780~1,000nmにおける光透過率の最大値が5.0%以下であり、かつ周波数1kHzにおける誘電率が5.0未満である請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物の硬化物からなる硬化膜。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物の硬化膜を具備する有機EL表示装置。
- ポリイミド樹脂からなるフレキシブル基材と、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の感光性組成物の硬化膜とを具備する有機EL表示装置。
- 請求項12に記載の硬化膜からなる画素分割層を具備する有機EL表示装置。
- 表示エリアにおける前記画素分割層の開口率が20%以下である請求項15に記載の有機EL表示装置。
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JP2020084103A (ja) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | 東レ株式会社 | 樹脂組成物、接着シートおよび多層基板 |
JP2020154247A (ja) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-24 | 太陽ホールディングス株式会社 | 感光性樹脂組成物、ドライフィルム、硬化物、及び、電子部品 |
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JP2021006842A (ja) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-01-21 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | 感光性組成物、硬化物、ブラックマトリクス、ブラックバンク、カラーフィルター、画像表示装置、及びパターン化された硬化膜の製造方法 |
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TW201841057A (zh) | 2018-11-16 |
US20200033728A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
TWI753139B (zh) | 2022-01-21 |
JPWO2018180548A1 (ja) | 2020-02-06 |
KR20190130127A (ko) | 2019-11-21 |
JP6954273B2 (ja) | 2021-10-27 |
CN110446974B (zh) | 2023-09-12 |
US11156918B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 |
KR102216990B1 (ko) | 2021-02-22 |
CN110446974A (zh) | 2019-11-12 |
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