WO2017163722A1 - 接合方法 - Google Patents
接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017163722A1 WO2017163722A1 PCT/JP2017/006461 JP2017006461W WO2017163722A1 WO 2017163722 A1 WO2017163722 A1 WO 2017163722A1 JP 2017006461 W JP2017006461 W JP 2017006461W WO 2017163722 A1 WO2017163722 A1 WO 2017163722A1
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- bonding layer
- piezoelectric material
- substrate
- material substrate
- bonding
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 94
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 320
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=NN1 WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 211
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 24
- IUVCFHHAEHNCFT-INIZCTEOSA-N 2-[(1s)-1-[4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]ethyl]-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)chromen-4-one Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OC(C)C)=CC=C1C(C1=C(N)N=CN=C11)=NN1[C@@H](C)C1=C(C=2C=C(F)C=CC=2)C(=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2O1 IUVCFHHAEHNCFT-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/09—Forming piezoelectric or electrostrictive materials
- H10N30/093—Forming inorganic materials
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- H03H9/02535—Details of surface acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/02543—Characteristics of substrate, e.g. cutting angles
- H03H9/02574—Characteristics of substrate, e.g. cutting angles of combined substrates, multilayered substrates, piezoelectrical layers on not-piezoelectrical substrate
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- H03H3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
- H03H3/007—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/08—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of resonators or networks using surface acoustic waves
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- H03H3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
- H03H3/007—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/08—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of resonators or networks using surface acoustic waves
- H03H3/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of resonators or networks using surface acoustic waves for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficient
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- H03H9/02228—Guided bulk acoustic wave devices or Lamb wave devices having interdigital transducers situated in parallel planes on either side of a piezoelectric layer
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- H03H9/15—Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
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- H03H9/25—Constructional features of resonators using surface acoustic waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/072—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
- H10N30/073—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by fusion of metals or by adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/08—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
- H10N30/085—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by machining
- H10N30/086—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by machining by polishing or grinding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/853—Ceramic compositions
- H10N30/8536—Alkaline earth metal based oxides, e.g. barium titanates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/853—Ceramic compositions
- H10N30/8542—Alkali metal based oxides, e.g. lithium, sodium or potassium niobates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/35—Heat-activated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/42—Piezoelectric device making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for joining a piezoelectric material substrate and a support substrate made of a single crystal.
- acoustic wave devices that can function as filter elements and oscillators used in cellular phones, etc., and acoustic wave devices such as Lamb wave elements using piezoelectric thin films and thin film resonators (FBARs) are known.
- FBARs piezoelectric thin films and thin film resonators
- a surface acoustic wave device a device in which a supporting substrate and a piezoelectric substrate that propagates a surface acoustic wave are bonded together and a comb-shaped electrode capable of exciting a surface acoustic wave is provided on the surface of the piezoelectric substrate is known.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a surface acoustic wave device having a structure in which a piezoelectric substrate and a silicon substrate are bonded together with an adhesive layer made of an epoxy adhesive.
- the surface of the piezoelectric substrate is a rough surface, a filling layer is provided on the rough surface, the surface is flattened, and the filling layer is bonded to the silicon substrate via the adhesive layer (Patent Document 3).
- epoxy resin and acrylic resin are used for the filling layer and adhesive layer, and by making the bonding surface of the piezoelectric substrate rough, the reflection of bulk waves is suppressed and spurious is reduced. Yes. Further, since the rough surface is filled and flattened and then adhered, bubbles are unlikely to enter the adhesive layer.
- a plasma activation method When directly bonding a silicon substrate to a piezoelectric substrate, a plasma activation method is generally used. However, in the plasma activation method, heating is required to increase the strength after bonding, and when the bonding temperature is low, the bonding strength tends to decrease. However, when the bonding temperature is increased, cracks are likely to occur due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the silicon substrate and the piezoelectric substrate.
- the bonding strength between the silicon substrate and the piezoelectric substrate is low, and it may be peeled off in the processing step after bonding.
- An object of the present invention is to enable bonding at room temperature and improve bonding strength when directly bonding a piezoelectric material substrate and a support substrate made of a single crystal.
- a first invention is a method of joining a piezoelectric material substrate and a support substrate made of a single crystal, Forming a bonding layer on the piezoelectric material substrate, wherein the bonding layer is made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide, and titanium oxide;
- the step of activating the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the support substrate by irradiating the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the support substrate with a neutral beam, and the step of directly bonding the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the support substrate It is characterized by having.
- a second invention is a method of joining a piezoelectric material substrate made of a piezoelectric single crystal and a support substrate made of a single crystal, Forming a bonding layer on the support substrate, wherein the bonding layer is made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide, and titanium oxide; Activating the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate by irradiating the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate with a neutral beam; and It has the process of joining directly the said surface and the said surface of the said piezoelectric material board
- a third invention is a method of joining a piezoelectric material substrate and a support substrate made of a single crystal, A first bonding layer is formed on the piezoelectric material substrate, and the first bonding layer is selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide, and titanium oxide. A process consisting of one or more materials, A second bonding layer is formed on the support substrate, and the second bonding layer is one or more selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide and titanium oxide.
- Process consisting of Activating the surface of the first bonding layer and the surface of the second bonding layer by irradiating the surface of the first bonding layer and the surface of the second bonding layer with a neutralized beam And a step of directly bonding the surface of the first bonding layer and the surface of the second bonding layer.
- (A) shows a state where the silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the piezoelectric material substrate 1, (b) shows a state where the bonding layer 3 is provided on the silicon oxide film 2, and (c) shows a state where the bonding is performed.
- a state in which the surface 4a of the layer 4 is flattened is shown, and (d) shows a state in which the flat surface 4a is activated by the neutralizing beam A.
- (A) shows the state where the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the support substrate 6 are joined, (b) shows the state where the piezoelectric material substrate 1 is thinned by processing, and (c) shows the piezoelectric material substrate 1A.
- a state in which the electrode 10 is provided is shown.
- (A) shows a state in which the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is a rough surface
- (b) shows a state in which the bonding layer 12 is provided on the rough surface 11 a
- (c) shows a state of the bonding layer 13.
- a state in which the surface 13a is flattened is shown
- (d) shows a state in which the flat surface 14 is activated by the neutralizing beam A.
- (A) shows the state where the piezoelectric material substrate 11 and the support substrate 6 are joined
- (b) shows the state where the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is thinned by processing
- (c) shows the piezoelectric material substrate 11A.
- a state in which the electrode 10 is provided is shown.
- (A) is a state in which a silicon oxide film 22 is provided on the rough surface 11a of the piezoelectric material substrate 11, a bonding layer 13A is provided on the silicon oxide film 22, and the bonding layer 13A is directly bonded to the surface 6a of the support substrate 6.
- (B) shows a state in which the piezoelectric material substrate 11A is thinned
- (c) shows a state in which the electrode 10 is provided on the piezoelectric material substrate 11A.
- (A) shows a state in which the silicon oxide film 2 and the bonding layer 3 are provided on the support substrate 6, (b) shows a state in which the surface 3a of the bonding layer 3 is planarized, and (c) shows A state in which the flat surface is activated by the neutralizing beam A is shown.
- (A) shows a state where the support substrate 6 and the piezoelectric material substrate 1 are joined, (b) shows a state where the piezoelectric material substrate 1A is further thinned by processing, and (c) shows a piezoelectric material. The state which provided the electrode 10 on the board
- (A) shows a state in which the flat surfaces of the first bonding layer 4A on the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the silicon oxide film 2 are activated, and (b) shows the second bonding layer on the support substrate 6.
- the state which activated the flat surface of 4B is shown.
- (A) shows a joined body of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the support substrate 6,
- (b) shows a state in which the piezoelectric material substrate 1A is thinned
- (c) shows a state on the piezoelectric material substrate 1A.
- the state which provided the electrode 10 is shown.
- (A) shows a state in which the surface 14 of the first bonding layer 13A on the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is activated, and (b) shows a flat surface 5B of the second bonding layer 4B on the support substrate 6.
- the state in which is activated shows a joined body of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 and the support substrate 6, (b) shows a state in which the piezoelectric material substrate 11A is thinned, and (c) shows a state on the piezoelectric material substrate 11A. The state which provided the electrode 10 is shown.
- (A) shows a state in which the surface 14 of the first bonding layer 13A on the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is activated, and (b) shows a flat surface 5B of the second bonding layer 4B on the support substrate 6.
- the state in which is activated shows a joined body of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 and the support substrate 6, (b) shows a state in which the piezoelectric material substrate 11A is thinned, and (c) shows a state on the piezoelectric material substrate 11A. The state which provided the electrode 10 is shown.
- 1 to 5 relate to the first invention.
- 1 and 2 relate to an embodiment in which a silicon oxide film is provided on a piezoelectric material substrate.
- a silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the surface 1 a of the piezoelectric material substrate 1.
- 1b is the opposite surface.
- the bonding layer 3 is provided on the silicon oxide film 2. At this time, the surface of the bonding layer 3 may be uneven.
- the flat surface 4 a is formed by flattening the surface 3 a of the bonding layer 3. By this flattening process, the thickness of the bonding layer 3 is usually reduced, resulting in a thinner bonding layer 4 (see FIG. 1C).
- the flat surface 4 a is irradiated with a neutral beam as indicated by an arrow A to activate the surface of the bonding layer 4 ⁇ / b> A to be an activated surface 5.
- the surface of the support substrate 6 is activated by irradiating the surface with a neutralized beam, thereby forming an activated surface 6a. Then, the bonded body 7 is obtained by directly bonding the activated surface 6a of the support substrate 6 and the activated surface 5 of the bonding layer 4A.
- the surface 1b of the piezoelectric material substrate of the joined body 7 is further polished to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A as shown in FIG. 1c is a polished surface.
- the surface acoustic wave element 9 is manufactured by forming a predetermined electrode 10 on the polishing surface 1c of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A.
- 3 and 4 relate to an embodiment in which the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate is rough.
- the surface 11a of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is processed to form a rough surface 11a.
- 11b is the opposite surface.
- the bonding layer 12 is provided on the rough surface 11a.
- the rough surface is also transferred to the surface 12a of the bonding layer 12, and irregularities are formed.
- the surface 12a of the bonding layer 12 is flattened to form a flat surface 13a as shown in FIG.
- the flat surface 13 a is irradiated with a neutral beam as indicated by an arrow A to activate the surface of the bonding layer 13 A to be an activated surface 14.
- the surface of the support substrate 6 is activated by irradiating the surface with a neutralized beam to obtain an activated surface 6a.
- the bonded body 17 is obtained by directly bonding the activated surface 6a of the support substrate 6 and the activated surface 14 of the bonding layer 13A.
- the surface 11b of the piezoelectric material substrate of the bonded body 17 is further polished to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric material substrate 11A as shown in FIG. 11c is a polished surface.
- a predetermined electrode 10 is formed on the polishing surface 11c of the piezoelectric material substrate 11A.
- a rough surface is formed on the piezoelectric material substrate 11, and a silicon oxide film is further formed on the rough surface. That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is processed to form a rough surface 11a. Next, a silicon oxide film 22 is provided on the rough surface 11a.
- a bonding layer is further provided on the surface of the bonding layer 22, and the surface of the bonding layer is flattened to form a flat surface.
- the neutral surface is irradiated with a neutral beam to activate the surface of the bonding layer 13 ⁇ / b> A to be an activated surface 14.
- the bonded body 21 is obtained by directly bonding the activated surface 6a of the support substrate 6 and the activated surface 14 of the bonding layer 13A.
- the surface 11b of the piezoelectric material substrate of the joined body 17 is further polished to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric material substrate 11A as shown in FIG. 11c is a polished surface.
- the predetermined electrode 10 is formed on the polishing surface 11c of the piezoelectric material substrate 11A.
- a piezoelectric material substrate made of a piezoelectric single crystal and a support substrate made of a single crystal are joined. That is, a bonding layer is formed on the support substrate, and the bonding layer is made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide, and titanium oxide.
- the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate are activated by irradiating the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate with a neutral beam.
- the bonded body is obtained by directly bonding the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 relate to the embodiment of the second invention.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 relate to an embodiment in which the silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the support substrate 6.
- the silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the surface 6a of the support substrate 6, and the bonding layer 3 is provided thereon. At this time, the surface 3a of the bonding layer 3 may be uneven.
- the surface 3a of the bonding layer 3 is flattened to form a flat surface 4a on the bonding layer 4 as shown in FIG.
- the flat surface 4 a is irradiated with a neutralizing beam as indicated by an arrow A to activate the surface of the bonding layer 4 A to be an activated surface 5.
- the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 is activated by irradiating the surface with a neutralized beam to obtain an activated surface 1d (see FIG. 7A).
- 7A is obtained by directly bonding the activated surface 5 of the bonding layer 4A on the support substrate 6 and the activated surface 1d of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 to each other.
- the surface 1b of the piezoelectric material substrate of the joined body is further polished to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A as shown in FIG. 7B.
- 1c is a polished surface.
- the surface acoustic wave element 29 is manufactured by forming a predetermined electrode 10 on the polished surface 1c of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A.
- a silicon oxide film and a bonding layer are sequentially provided on the support substrate 6.
- the surface 6 of the support substrate 6 may be a rough surface
- the silicon oxide film may be omitted
- the bonding layer may be provided directly on the rough surface.
- the third invention provides a method for joining a piezoelectric material substrate and a support substrate made of a single crystal. That is, a first bonding layer made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide and titanium oxide is provided on the piezoelectric material substrate. Further, a second bonding layer made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide, and titanium oxide is provided on the support substrate. Both are activated by irradiating the surface of the first bonding layer and the surface of the second bonding layer with a neutral beam. Next, the surface of the first bonding layer and the surface of the second bonding layer are directly bonded.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 relate to an embodiment in which the silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the silicon oxide film 2 is also provided on the support substrate 6.
- a silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the surface 1a of the piezoelectric material substrate 1, and a first bonding layer is provided thereon.
- the surface of the first bonding layer 3 is flattened to form a flat surface, and the flat surface is irradiated with a neutralization beam as shown by an arrow A, The surface of the bonding layer 4A is activated to form an activated surface 5A.
- the silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the surface of the support substrate 6, and the second bonding layer is provided thereon.
- the surface of the second bonding layer is flattened to form a flat surface, and the flat surface is irradiated with a neutralization beam as indicated by an arrow A, so that the second bonding is performed.
- the surface of the layer 4B is activated to form an activated surface 5B.
- the activation surface 5A of the first bonding layer 4A on the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the activation surface 5B of the second bonding layer 4B on the support substrate 6 are directly bonded (see FIG. 9A). ).
- the bonding layers 4A and 4B are integrated to form the bonding layer 30, and the bonded body 37 is obtained (see FIG. 9B).
- the surface 1b of the piezoelectric material substrate of the joined body is further polished to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the surface acoustic wave element 39 is manufactured by forming a predetermined electrode 10 on the polished surface 1c of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A.
- a rough surface is provided on the piezoelectric material substrate 11. That is, as shown in FIG. 10A, the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is a rough surface 11a, and the first bonding layer 13A is provided thereon. Then, the surface of the first bonding layer 13A is flattened to form a flat surface, and the neutral surface is irradiated with a neutral beam as indicated by an arrow A to activate the surface of the first bonding layer 13A. To be an activated surface 14.
- the silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the surface of the support substrate 6, and the second bonding layer is provided thereon. Then, the surface of the second bonding layer is flattened to form a flat surface, and the neutral surface is irradiated with a neutral beam as indicated by an arrow A to activate the surface of the second bonding layer 4B. The activated surface 5B.
- the activation surface 14 of the first bonding layer 13A on the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the activation surface 5B of the second bonding layer 4B on the support substrate 6 are directly bonded (see FIG. 11A). ).
- the bonding layer 13A and the bonding layer 4A are integrated to form the bonding layer 30A, and the bonded body 47 is obtained (see FIG. 11B).
- the surface 1b of the piezoelectric material substrate of the joined body is further polished to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A as shown in FIG.
- the surface acoustic wave element 49 is produced by forming a predetermined electrode 10 on the polished surface 1c of the piezoelectric material substrate 1A.
- the rough surface is provided on the piezoelectric material substrate 11, and the silicon oxide film is provided thereon.
- a silicon oxide film is also provided on the support substrate.
- the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 is a rough surface 11a, and a silicon oxide film 22 is provided thereon.
- the surface of the silicon oxide film 22 is also rough.
- the first bonding layer 13 ⁇ / b> A is provided on the silicon oxide film 22.
- the surface of the first bonding layer 13A is flattened to form a flat surface, and the neutral surface is irradiated with a neutral beam as indicated by an arrow A to activate the surface of the first bonding layer 13A.
- the silicon oxide film 2 is provided on the surface of the support substrate 6, and the second bonding layer is provided thereon. Then, the surface of the second bonding layer is flattened to form a flat surface, and the neutral surface is irradiated with a neutral beam as indicated by an arrow A to activate the surface of the second bonding layer 4B. The activated surface 5B.
- the activation surface 14 of the first bonding layer 13A on the piezoelectric material substrate 11 and the activation surface 5B of the second bonding layer 4B on the support substrate 6 are directly bonded (see FIG. 13A). ).
- the bonding layers 13A and 4B are integrated to form the bonding layer 30A, and the bonded body 57 is obtained (see FIG. 13B).
- the surface 11b of the piezoelectric material substrate of the joined body is further polished to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric material substrate 11A as shown in FIG.
- the surface acoustic wave element 59 is manufactured by forming a predetermined electrode 10 on the polished surface 1c of the piezoelectric material substrate 11A.
- the joined body of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be suitably applied to, for example, an acoustic wave element or an optical element.
- a surface acoustic wave device As the acoustic wave element, a surface acoustic wave device, a Lamb wave element, a thin film resonator (FBAR), and the like are known.
- a surface acoustic wave device has an IDT (Interdigital-Transducer) electrode (also referred to as a comb-shaped electrode or a comb-shaped electrode) for exciting surface acoustic waves on the surface of a piezoelectric material substrate and an output side for receiving surface acoustic waves. IDT electrodes are provided. When a high frequency signal is applied to the IDT electrode on the input side, an electric field is generated between the electrodes, and a surface acoustic wave is excited and propagates on the piezoelectric substrate. Then, the propagated surface acoustic wave can be taken out as an electric signal from the IDT electrode on the output side provided in the propagation direction.
- IDT Interdigital-Transducer
- a metal film may be provided on the bottom surface of the piezoelectric material substrate.
- the metal film plays a role of increasing the electromechanical coupling coefficient in the vicinity of the back surface of the piezoelectric substrate when a Lamb wave element is manufactured as an elastic wave device.
- the Lamb wave element has a structure in which comb electrodes are formed on the surface of the piezoelectric substrate, and the metal film of the piezoelectric substrate is exposed by the cavity provided in the support substrate.
- Examples of the material of such a metal film include aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, and gold.
- a metal film and an insulating film may be provided on the bottom surface of the piezoelectric material substrate.
- the metal film serves as an electrode when a thin film resonator is manufactured as an acoustic wave device.
- the thin film resonator has a structure in which electrodes are formed on the front and back surfaces of the piezoelectric substrate, and the metal film of the piezoelectric substrate is exposed by using the insulating film as a cavity.
- the material for such a metal film include molybdenum, ruthenium, tungsten, chromium, and aluminum.
- the material for the insulating film include silicon dioxide, phosphorous silica glass, and boron phosphorous silica glass.
- examples of the optical element include an optical switching element, a wavelength conversion element, and an optical modulation element.
- a periodically poled structure can be formed in the piezoelectric material substrate.
- the present invention When the present invention is applied to an optical element, it is possible to reduce the size of the optical element. In particular, when a periodic polarization reversal structure is formed, deterioration of the periodic polarization reversal structure due to heat treatment can be prevented. Furthermore, since the bonding layer materials of the present invention such as silicon oxide and tantalum pentoxide are also highly insulating materials, the occurrence of polarization inversion is suppressed during the treatment with the neutralized beam before bonding, and the piezoelectric material substrate The shape of the formed periodically poled structure is hardly disturbed.
- the piezoelectric material substrate used in the present invention may be a single crystal.
- the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate can be activated by the neutral beam.
- a silicon oxide film is provided on the piezoelectric material substrate or the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate is roughened, it cannot be activated by the neutralizing beam.
- the piezoelectric material substrate can be directly bonded to the support substrate.
- the material of the piezoelectric material substrate include lithium tantalate (LT) single crystal, lithium niobate (LN) single crystal, lithium niobate-lithium tantalate solid solution single crystal, crystal, and lithium borate. .
- LT or LN is more preferable.
- LT and LN are suitable as surface acoustic wave devices for high frequencies and wideband frequencies because of the high propagation speed of surface acoustic waves and a large electromechanical coupling coefficient.
- the normal direction of the main surface of the piezoelectric material substrate is not particularly limited.
- the piezoelectric material substrate is made of LT
- the Z-axis to Z-axis is centered on the X-axis that is the propagation direction of the surface acoustic wave. It is preferable to use a shaft rotated by 36 to 47 ° (for example, 42 °) because the propagation loss is small.
- the piezoelectric material substrate is made of LN, it is a propagation loss to use the one rotated by 60 to 68 ° (for example, 64 °) from the Y axis to the Z axis around the X axis, which is the propagation direction of the surface acoustic wave. Is preferable because it is small.
- the size of the piezoelectric material substrate is not particularly limited.
- the piezoelectric material substrate has a diameter of 50 to 150 mm and a thickness of 0.2 to 60 ⁇ m.
- the support substrate material is single crystal. This is preferably made of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon, sapphire and quartz.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the support substrate is the thermal expansion of the piezoelectric material substrate from the viewpoint of improving the temperature characteristics of the acoustic wave device.
- the coefficient is preferably lower than the coefficient.
- a silicon oxide film is formed on the piezoelectric material substrate.
- the silicon oxide film may be crystalline silicon oxide or an amorphous silicon oxide film.
- the method for forming the silicon oxide film is not limited, but examples include sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and vapor deposition.
- the thickness of the silicon oxide film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate is processed to form a roughened surface.
- This rough surface is a surface in which periodic irregularities are uniformly formed in the surface, the arithmetic average roughness is 0.05 ⁇ m ⁇ Ra ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m, and the height Ry from the lowest valley bottom to the largest mountain top is 0.5 ⁇ m ⁇ The range is Ry ⁇ 5 ⁇ m.
- the suitable roughness depends on the wavelength of the elastic wave and is appropriately selected so that reflection of the bulk wave can be suppressed.
- the roughening method includes grinding, polishing, etching, sand blasting, and the like.
- a bonding layer is formed on the rough surface of the piezoelectric material substrate or on the silicon oxide film, and the bonding layer is selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, alumina, tantalum pentoxide, mullite, niobium pentoxide and titanium oxide. Made of one or more materials.
- the method for forming the bonding layer is not limited, and examples thereof include sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and vapor deposition.
- the surfaces of the bonding layer, the first bonding layer, and the second bonding layer can be flattened to obtain a flat surface.
- methods for flattening the surface of each bonding layer include lap polishing, chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), and the like.
- the flat surface needs to satisfy Ra ⁇ 1 nm, but is more preferably 0.3 nm or less.
- the surfaces of the piezoelectric material substrate, the silicon oxide film, and the support substrate are flat, it is not always necessary to planarize the surfaces of the bonding layer, the first bonding layer, and the second bonding layer.
- the surface may be flattened.
- each bonding layer and the surface of the supporting substrate are activated by irradiating the surface of the bonding layer, the first bonding layer, the second bonding layer, and the surface of the supporting substrate with a neutral beam.
- a saddle field type fast atomic beam source is used as the beam source.
- an inert gas is introduced into the chamber, and a high voltage is applied to the electrodes from a DC power source.
- the saddle field type electric field generated between the electrode (positive electrode) and the casing (negative electrode) moves the electrons e, thereby generating atomic and ion beams by the inert gas.
- the ion beam is neutralized by the grid, so that a beam of neutral atoms is emitted from the fast atom beam source.
- the atomic species constituting the beam is preferably an inert gas (argon, nitrogen, etc.).
- the voltage upon activation by beam irradiation is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 kV, and the current is preferably 50 to 200 mA.
- the temperature at this time is room temperature, but specifically, it is preferably 40 ° C. or lower, more preferably 30 ° C. or lower.
- the temperature at the time of joining is particularly preferably 20 ° C. or higher and 25 ° C. or lower.
- the pressure at the time of joining is preferably 100 to 20000 N.
- Example A1 A joined body was produced according to the method of the first invention described with reference to FIGS. Specifically, a lithium tantalate substrate (LT substrate) having an orientation flat portion (OF portion), a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 250 ⁇ m was used as the piezoelectric material substrate 1. Further, a silicon substrate having an OF portion, a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 230 ⁇ m was prepared as the support substrate 6. As the LT substrate, a 46 ° Y-cut X-propagation LT substrate in which the propagation direction of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) is X and the cutting angle is a rotating Y-cut plate is used.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- the surface 1a of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the surface 6a of the support substrate 6 were mirror-polished so that the arithmetic average roughness Ra was 1 nm.
- Arithmetic mean roughness was evaluated by an atomic force microscope (AFM) with a square field of 10 ⁇ m length ⁇ 10 ⁇ m width.
- a silicon oxide film 2 was formed on the surface 1a of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 by a 1.0 ⁇ m sputtering method.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra after the film formation was 2 nm.
- a bonding layer 3 made of mullite was formed to 1.0 ⁇ m on the silicon oxide film 2 by the CVD method. Ra after film formation was 2.0 nm.
- the bonding layer 3 was subjected to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) to have a film thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m and Ra of 0.3 nm.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- the flat surface 4a of the bonding layer 4 and the surface 6a of the support substrate 6 were cleaned, removed, and then introduced into a vacuum chamber. After evacuation to a level of 10 ⁇ 6 Pa, high-speed atomic beams (acceleration voltage 1 kV, Ar flow rate 27 sccm) were irradiated for 120 seconds to the bonding surfaces of the respective substrates. Next, the beam irradiation surface (activation surface) 5 of the piezoelectric material substrate and the activation surface 6a of the support substrate were brought into contact with each other, and then pressed at 10000 N for 2 minutes to bond both substrates.
- the surface 1b of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 was ground and polished so as to have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m from the initial 250 ⁇ m (see FIG. 2B). During the grinding and polishing process, no peeling of the joint could be confirmed. Moreover, it was 1.5 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Example A2 In Example A1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was alumina, and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Otherwise, the joined body was manufactured in the same manner as in Example A1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.4 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Example A3 In Example A1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Otherwise, the joined body was manufactured in the same manner as in Example A1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.5 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Ta 2 O 5 tantalum pentoxide
- Example A4 In Example A1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Otherwise, the joined body was manufactured in the same manner as in Example A1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.4 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Example A5 In Example A1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was aluminum nitride (AlN), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Otherwise, the joined body was manufactured in the same manner as in Example A1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.3 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- AlN aluminum nitride
- Example A6 In Example A1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Otherwise, the joined body was manufactured in the same manner as in Example A1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.8 J / m 2 .
- Example A7 In Example A1, the bonding layer 3 was made of titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), and the bonding layer 3 was formed by sputtering. Otherwise, the joined body was manufactured in the same manner as in Example A1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.6 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Example A1 In Example A1, the bonding layer 3 was not provided. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example A1. As a result, peeling of the joint portion occurred during the grinding and polishing process of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 0.1 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Example A2 In the same manner as in Example A3, a tantalum pentoxide layer was provided as the bonding layer 3. Then, the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the support substrate were surface activated by a plasma activation method. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example A4. After evacuating the chamber to the 10 ⁇ 1 Pa level, the wafer surface is irradiated with N 2 plasma (power 200 W) for 60 s, then released to the atmosphere and washed with pure water. Furthermore, it joined in air
- N 2 plasma power 200 W
- Example B1 A joined body was produced according to the method of the first invention described with reference to FIGS. Specifically, a lithium tantalate substrate (LT substrate) having an orientation flat portion (OF portion), a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 250 ⁇ m was prepared as a piezoelectric material substrate 11. Further, a silicon substrate having an OF portion, a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 230 ⁇ m was prepared as the support substrate 6. As the LT substrate, a 46 ° Y-cut X-propagation LT substrate in which the propagation direction of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) is X and the cutting angle is a rotating Y-cut plate is used.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- the surface 11a of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 was roughened by a lapping machine so that the arithmetic average roughness Ra was 0.1 ⁇ m, and was set as a rough surface.
- the surface 6a of the support substrate 6 was mirror-polished so that the arithmetic average roughness Ra was 1 nm. Arithmetic mean roughness was observed with an atomic force microscope (AFM) and a square field of 10 ⁇ m length ⁇ 10 ⁇ m width was observed.
- AFM atomic force microscope
- a bonding layer 12 made of mullite was formed to a thickness of 2 ⁇ m on the rough surface of the piezoelectric material substrate to fill the minute irregularities on the back surface.
- the surface 12a of the bonding layer had an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the surface 12a of the bonding layer was subjected to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) to obtain a film thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m and Ra 0.3 nm.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- the flat surface 13a of the bonding layer and the surface 6a of the support substrate were cleaned and the surface was cleaned, and then introduced into the vacuum chamber.
- surface activation was performed by irradiating the bonding surfaces of the respective substrates with a high-speed atomic beam (acceleration voltage 1 kV, Ar flow rate 27 sccm) for 120 seconds.
- the activated flat surface 14 of the bonding layer was brought into contact with the activated surface 6a of the support substrate, and then the substrates were bonded by pressing at 1000 N for 2 minutes.
- the surface 11c of the piezoelectric material substrate 11 was ground and polished so that the thickness became 250 ⁇ m from the initial 250 ⁇ m.
- Example B2 In Example B1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was alumina. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example B1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.4 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method. A SAW (surface acoustic wave) filter was produced using the produced joined body and heated at 300 ° C., but peeling at the joining interface and frequency shift could not be confirmed.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- Example B3 In Example B1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ). Others were produced in the same manner as in Example B1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.5 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method. A SAW (surface acoustic wave) filter was produced using the produced joined body and heated at 300 ° C., but peeling at the joining interface and frequency shift could not be confirmed.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- Example B4 In Example B1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ). Others were produced in the same manner as in Example B1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.4 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method. A SAW (surface acoustic wave) filter was produced using the produced joined body and heated at 300 ° C., but peeling at the joining interface and frequency shift could not be confirmed.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- Example B5 In Example B1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was aluminum nitride (AlN). Others were produced in the same manner as in Example B1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.3 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method. A SAW (surface acoustic wave) filter was produced using the produced joined body and heated at 300 ° C., but peeling at the joining interface and frequency shift could not be confirmed.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- Example B6 In Example B1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ). Others were produced in the same manner as in Example B1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.8 J / m 2 . A SAW (surface acoustic wave) filter was produced using the produced joined body and heated at 300 ° C., but peeling at the joining interface and frequency shift could not be confirmed.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- Example B7 In Example B1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was titanium oxide (TiO 2 ). Others were produced in the same manner as in Example B1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 1.6 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method. A SAW (surface acoustic wave) filter was produced using the produced joined body and heated at 300 ° C., but peeling at the joining interface and frequency shift could not be confirmed.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- Example B1 A surface acoustic wave filter was produced in the same manner as in Example B1. However, the material of the bonding layer was resin, and the substrates were bonded without directly bonding the substrates. As a result, peeling and frequency shift occurred after heating at 300 ° C.
- Example B2 In the same manner as in Example B3, a tantalum pentoxide layer was provided as the bonding layer 3. Then, the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the support substrate were surface activated by a plasma activation method. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example B4. After evacuating the chamber to the 10 ⁇ 1 Pa level, the wafer surface is irradiated with N 2 plasma (power 200 W) for 60 s, then released to the atmosphere and washed with pure water. Furthermore, it joined in air
- Example C1 A joined body was produced according to the method of the second invention described with reference to FIGS. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, a silicon substrate having an OF portion, a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 230 ⁇ m was prepared as the support substrate 6. As the LT substrate, a 46 ° Y-cut X-propagation LT substrate in which the propagation direction of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) is X and the cutting angle is a rotating Y-cut plate is used. The surface 6a of the support substrate 6 was mirror-polished so that the arithmetic average roughness Ra was 1 nm.
- SAW surface acoustic wave
- Arithmetic mean roughness was evaluated by an atomic force microscope (AFM) with a square field of 10 ⁇ m length ⁇ 10 ⁇ m width.
- the silicon oxide film 2 was formed on the surface 6 a of the support substrate 6 by a 1.0 ⁇ m sputtering method.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra after the film formation was 2 nm.
- a bonding layer 3 made of mullite was formed to 1.0 ⁇ m on the silicon oxide film 2 by the CVD method. Ra after film formation was 2.0 nm.
- the bonding layer 3 was subjected to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) to have a film thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m and Ra of 0.3 nm.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- a lithium tantalate substrate (LT substrate) having an orientation flat portion (OF portion), a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 250 ⁇ m was used as the piezoelectric material substrate 1. .
- the flat surface 4a of the bonding layer 4 and the surface 1a of the support substrate 1 were cleaned, removed, and then introduced into a vacuum chamber. After evacuation to a level of 10 ⁇ 6 Pa, high-speed atomic beams (acceleration voltage 1 kV, Ar flow rate 27 sccm) were irradiated for 120 seconds to the bonding surfaces of the respective substrates.
- high-speed atomic beams acceleration voltage 1 kV, Ar flow rate 27 sccm
- the surface 1b of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 was ground and polished so as to have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m from the initial 250 ⁇ m (see FIG. 7B). During the grinding and polishing process, no peeling of the joint could be confirmed. Moreover, it was 1.5 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Example C2 In Example C1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was alumina, and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.4 J / m 2 .
- Example C3 In Example C1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.5 J / m 2 .
- Example C4 In Example C1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.4 J / m 2 .
- Example C5 In Example C1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was aluminum nitride (AlN), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.3 J / m 2 .
- Example C6 In Example C1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 2.0 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Nb 2 O 5 niobium pentoxide
- Example C7 In Example C1, the material of the bonding layer 3 was titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer 3. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.8 J / m 2 .
- Example C1 Comparative Example C1
- the bonding layer 4A was not provided. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C1. As a result, peeling of the joint portion occurred during the grinding and polishing process of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 0.1 J / m 2 .
- Example C2 In the same manner as in Example C3, a tantalum pentoxide layer was provided as the bonding layer 4. Then, the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the piezoelectric material substrate were surface activated by a plasma activation method. Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example C4. After evacuating the chamber to the 10 ⁇ 1 Pa level, the wafer surface is irradiated with N 2 plasma (power 200 W) for 60 s, then released to the atmosphere and washed with pure water. Furthermore, it joined in air
- Example D1 A joined body was produced according to the method of the third invention described with reference to FIGS. Specifically, a lithium tantalate substrate (LT substrate) having an orientation flat portion (OF portion), a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 250 ⁇ m was used as the piezoelectric material substrate 1. The surface 1a of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the surface 6a of the support substrate 6 were mirror-polished so that the arithmetic average roughness Ra was 1 nm. Next, a silicon oxide film 2 was formed on the surface 1a of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 by a 1.0 ⁇ m sputtering method. The arithmetic average roughness Ra after the film formation was 2 nm.
- a 1.0 ⁇ m bonding layer made of mullite was formed on the silicon oxide film 2 by the CVD method.
- Ra after film formation was 2.0 nm.
- the bonding layer was subjected to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) to have a film thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m and Ra of 0.3 nm.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- a silicon substrate having an OF portion, a diameter of 4 inches, and a thickness of 230 ⁇ m was prepared as the support substrate 6.
- a 46 ° Y-cut X-propagation LT substrate in which the propagation direction of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) is X and the cutting angle is a rotating Y-cut plate is used.
- the silicon oxide film 2 was formed on the surface of the support substrate 6 by a 1.0 ⁇ m sputtering method.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra after the film formation was 2 nm.
- a bonding layer made of high resistance silicon was formed on the silicon oxide film 2 by a CVD method at 1.0 ⁇ m. Ra after film formation was 2.0 nm.
- the bonding layer was subjected to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), the film thickness was set to 0.5 ⁇ m, and Ra was set to 0.3 nm.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- the flat surface of the first bonding layer 4A on the piezoelectric material substrate 1 and the flat surface of the second bonding layer 4B on the support substrate 6 were cleaned, removed, and then introduced into the vacuum chamber. After evacuating to the 10 ⁇ 6 Pa level, the bonded surfaces of the respective substrates were irradiated with a high-speed atomic beam (acceleration voltage 1 kV, Ar flow rate 27 sccm) for 120 seconds to obtain activated surfaces 5A and 5B. Next, after bringing the activation surface 5A of the first bonding layer on the piezoelectric material substrate into contact with the activation surface 5B of the second bonding layer on the support substrate, both substrates are pressurized by 10000 N for 2 minutes. Were joined (see FIG. 9A).
- the surface 1b of the piezoelectric material substrate 1 was ground and polished so as to have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m from the initial 250 ⁇ m (see FIG. 9B). During the grinding and polishing process, no peeling of the joint could be confirmed. Moreover, it was 1.5 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Example D2 In Example D1, the material of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer was alumina, and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example D1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.4 J / m 2 .
- Example D3 In Example D1, the material of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer was tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example D1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.5 J / m 2 .
- Example D4 In Example D1, the material of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer was silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example D1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.4 J / m 2 .
- Example D5 In Example D1, the material of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer was aluminum nitride (AlN), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example D1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.3 J / m 2 .
- Example D6 In Example D1, the material of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer was niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example D1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, it was 2.0 J / m ⁇ 2 > when the joining strength was evaluated by the crack opening method.
- Nb 2 O 5 niobium pentoxide
- Example D7 In Example D1, the material of the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer was titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), and the sputtering method was used to form the bonding layer. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example D1. As a result, it was not possible to confirm peeling of the joint portion during the grinding and polishing steps of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 1.8 J / m 2 .
- Example D1 In Example D1, the first bonding layer was not provided. Others were produced in the same manner as in Example D1. As a result, peeling of the joint portion occurred during the grinding and polishing process of the piezoelectric material substrate. Moreover, when the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 0.1 J / m 2 .
- Example D2 Comparative Example D2
- a tantalum pentoxide layer was provided as the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer.
- the surface of the bonding layer and the surface of the support substrate were surface activated by a plasma activation method.
- Others were manufactured in the same manner as in Example D4.
- the wafer surface is irradiated with N 2 plasma (power 200 W) for 60 s, then released to the atmosphere and washed with pure water. Furthermore, it joined in air
- peeling of the joint portion occurred during the grinding and polishing process of the piezoelectric material substrate.
- the joint strength was evaluated by a crack opening method, it was 0.3 J / m 2 .
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Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1には、圧電基板とシリコン基板とをエポキシ接着剤からなる接着層によって貼り合わせた構造の弾性表面波デバイスが提案されている。
圧電性材料基板上に接合層を形成し、接合層が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
接合層の表面および支持基板の表面に中性化ビームを照射することで接合層の表面および支持基板の表面を活性化する工程、および
接合層の表面と支持基板の表面とを直接接合する工程
を有することを特徴とする。
前記支持基板上に接合層を形成し、前記接合層が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
前記接合層の前記表面および前記圧電性材料基板の表面に中性化ビームを照射することで前記接合層の前記表面および前記圧電性材料基板の前記表面を活性化する工程、および
前記接合層の前記表面と前記圧電性材料基板の前記表面とを直接接合する工程
を有することを特徴とする。
前記圧電性材料基板上に第一の接合層を形成し、前記第一の接合層が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
前記支持基板上に第二の接合層を形成し、前記第二の接合層が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
前記第一の接合層の前記表面および前記第二の接合層の前記表面に中性化ビームを照射することで前記第一の接合層の前記表面および前記第二の接合層の前記表面を活性化する工程、および
前記第一の接合層の前記表面と前記第二の接合層の前記表面とを直接接合する工程
を有することを特徴とする。
図1~図5は第一の発明に係るものである。また、図1、図2は、圧電性材料基板上に酸化珪素膜を設ける実施形態に係るものである。
図3(a)に示すように、圧電性材料基板11の表面11aに加工を施し、粗面11aを形成する。11bは反対側の表面である。次いで、図3(b)に示すように、粗面11a上に接合層12を設ける。この時点では、接合層12の表面12aにも粗面が転写されており、凹凸が形成されている。
すなわち、図5(a)に示すように、圧電性材料基板11の表面に加工を施し、粗面11aを形成する。次いで、粗面11a上に酸化珪素膜22を設ける。
本発明の接合体の用途は特に限定されず、例えば、弾性波素子や光学素子に好適に適用できる。
酸化珪素膜の厚さは、特に限定されないが、0.1μm~1.0μmが好ましい。
また、粗面化加工の方法は、研削、研磨、エッチング、サンドブラストなどがある。
ビーム照射による活性化時の電圧は0.5~2.0kVとすることが好ましく、電流は50~200mAとすることが好ましい。
図1~図2を参照しつつ説明した第一の発明の方法に従って、接合体を作製した。
具体的には、オリエンテーションフラット部(OF部)を有し、直径が4インチ,厚さが250μmのタンタル酸リチウム基板(LT基板)を圧電性材料基板1として使用した。また、支持基板6として、OF部を有し、直径が4インチ,厚さが230μmのシリコン基板を用意した。LT基板は、弾性表面波(SAW)の伝搬方向をXとし、切り出し角が回転Yカット板である46°YカットX伝搬LT基板を用いた。圧電性材料基板1の表面1aと支持基板6の表面6aは、算術平均粗さRaが1nmとなるように鏡面研磨しておいた。算術平均粗さは原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)で、縦10μm×横10μmの正方形の視野を評価した。
実施例A1において、接合層3の材質をアルミナとし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例A1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
実施例A1において、接合層3の材質を五酸化タンタル(Ta2O5)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例A1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.5J/m2であった。
実施例A1において、接合層3の材質を窒化珪素(Si3N4)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例A1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
実施例A1において、接合層3の材質を窒化アルミニウム(AlN)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例A1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.3J/m2であった。
実施例A1において、接合層3の材質を五酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例A1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.8J/m2であった。
実施例A1において、接合層3の材質を酸化チタン(TiO2)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例A1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.6J/m2であった。
実施例A1において、接合層3を設けなかった。その他は実施例A1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれが発生した。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、0.1J/m2であった。
実施例A3と同様にして、接合層3として五酸化タンタル層を設けた。そして、接合層の表面と支持基板の表面とをプラズマ活性化法によって表面活性化した。その他は実施例A4と同様にして接合体を製造した。チャンバー内を10-1Pa台まで真空引きした後、ウェハー表面にN2プラズマ(パワー200W)を60s照射し、その後大気に出し、純水で洗浄する。更に大気中で接合させ、荷重2000Nを2分間印加した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれが発生した。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、0.3J/m2であった。
図3、図4を参照しつつ説明した第一の発明の方法に従い、接合体を作製した。
具体的には、オリエンテーションフラット部(OF部)を有し、直径が4インチ,厚さが250μmのタンタル酸リチウム基板(LT基板)を用意し、圧電性材料基板11とした。また、支持基板6として、OF部を有し、直径が4インチ,厚さが230μmのシリコン基板を用意した。LT基板は、弾性表面波(SAW)の伝搬方向をXとし、切り出し角が回転Yカット板である46°YカットX伝搬LT基板を用いた。
次いで、圧電性材料基板11の表面11cを、厚みが当初の250μmから20μmになるように研削及び研磨した。
作製した接合体を用いてSAW(表面弾性波)フィルターを作製し、300℃で加熱をしたが、接合界面での剥離や、周波数のシフトは確認できなかった。
実施例B1において、接合層3の材質をアルミナとした。その他は実施例B1と同様にして接合体を製造した。この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
作製した接合体を用いてSAW(表面弾性波)フィルターを作製し、300℃で加熱をしたが、接合界面での剥離や、周波数のシフトは確認できなかった。
実施例B1において、接合層3の材質を五酸化タンタル(Ta2O5)とした。その他は実施例B1と同様にして接合体を製造した。この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.5J/m2であった。
作製した接合体を用いてSAW(表面弾性波)フィルターを作製し、300℃で加熱をしたが、接合界面での剥離や、周波数のシフトは確認できなかった。
実施例B1において、接合層3の材質を窒化珪素(Si3N4)とした。その他は実施例B1と同様にして接合体を製造した。この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
作製した接合体を用いてSAW(表面弾性波)フィルターを作製し、300℃で加熱をしたが、接合界面での剥離や、周波数のシフトは確認できなかった。
実施例B1において、接合層3の材質を窒化アルミニウム(AlN)とした。その他は実施例B1と同様にして接合体を製造した。この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.3J/m2であった。
作製した接合体を用いてSAW(表面弾性波)フィルターを作製し、300℃で加熱をしたが、接合界面での剥離や、周波数のシフトは確認できなかった。
実施例B1において、接合層3の材質を五酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)とした。その他は実施例B1と同様にして接合体を製造した。この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.8J/m2であった。
作製した接合体を用いてSAW(表面弾性波)フィルターを作製し、300℃で加熱をしたが、接合界面での剥離や、周波数のシフトは確認できなかった。
実施例B1において、接合層3の材質を酸化チタン(TiO2)とした。その他は実施例B1と同様にして接合体を製造した。この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.6J/m2であった。
作製した接合体を用いてSAW(表面弾性波)フィルターを作製し、300℃で加熱をしたが、接合界面での剥離や、周波数のシフトは確認できなかった。
実施例B1と同様にして表面弾性波フィルターを作製した。ただし、接合層の材質を樹脂とし、基板同士を直接接合せずに樹脂接着した。この結果、300℃加熱後に剥離と周波数シフトが発生した。
実施例B3と同様にして、接合層3として五酸化タンタル層を設けた。そして、接合層の表面と支持基板の表面とをプラズマ活性化法によって表面活性化した。その他は実施例B4と同様にして接合体を製造した。チャンバー内を10-1Pa台まで真空引きした後、ウェハー表面にN2プラズマ(パワー200W)を60s照射し、その後大気に出し、純水で洗浄する。更に大気中で接合させ、荷重2000Nを2分間印加した。
この結果、接合直後にはクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、0.3J/m2であったが、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれが発生した。このため、表面弾性波フィルターを作製できなかった。
図6~図7を参照しつつ説明した第二の発明の方法に従って、接合体を作製した。
具体的には、図6に示すように、支持基板6として、OF部を有し、直径が4インチ,厚さが230μmのシリコン基板を用意した。LT基板は、弾性表面波(SAW)の伝搬方向をXとし、切り出し角が回転Yカット板である46°YカットX伝搬LT基板を用いた。支持基板6の表面6aは、算術平均粗さRaが1nmとなるように鏡面研磨しておいた。算術平均粗さは原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)で、縦10μm×横10μmの正方形の視野を評価した。次いで、支持基板6の表面6aに酸化珪素膜2を1.0μmスパッタリング法で成膜した。成膜後の算術平均粗さRaは、2nmであった。次に、酸化珪素膜2上に、ムライトからなる接合層3を1.0μm、CVD法で成膜した。成膜後のRaは2.0nmであった。次に、接合層3を化学機械研磨加工(CMP)し、膜厚を0.5μmとし、Raを0.3nmとした。
実施例C1において、接合層3の材質をアルミナとし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例C1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
実施例C1において、接合層3の材質を五酸化タンタル(Ta2O5)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例C1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.5J/m2であった。
実施例C1において、接合層3の材質を窒化珪素(Si3N4)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例C1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
実施例C1において、接合層3の材質を窒化アルミニウム(AlN)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例C1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.3J/m2であった。
実施例C1において、接合層3の材質を五酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例C1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、2.0J/m2であった。
実施例C1において、接合層3の材質を酸化チタン(TiO2)とし、接合層3の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例C1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.8J/m2であった。
実施例C1において、接合層4Aを設けなかった。その他は実施例C1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれが発生した。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、0.1J/m2であった。
実施例C3と同様にして、接合層4として五酸化タンタル層を設けた。そして、接合層の表面と圧電性材料基板の表面とをプラズマ活性化法によって表面活性化した。その他は実施例C4と同様にして接合体を製造した。チャンバー内を10-1Pa台まで真空引きした後、ウェハー表面にN2プラズマ(パワー200W)を60s照射し、その後大気に出し、純水で洗浄する。更に大気中で接合させ、荷重2000Nを2分間印加した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれが発生した。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、0.3J/m2であった。
図8~図9を参照しつつ説明した第三の発明の方法に従って、接合体を作製した。
具体的には、オリエンテーションフラット部(OF部)を有し、直径が4インチ,厚さが250μmのタンタル酸リチウム基板(LT基板)を圧電性材料基板1として使用した。圧電性材料基板1の表面1aと支持基板6の表面6aは、算術平均粗さRaが1nmとなるように鏡面研磨しておいた。次いで、圧電性材料基板1の表面1aに酸化珪素膜2を1.0μmスパッタリング法で成膜した。成膜後の算術平均粗さRaは、2nmであった。次に、酸化珪素膜2上に、ムライトからなる接合層を1.0μm、CVD法で成膜した。成膜後のRaは2.0nmであった。次に、接合層を化学機械研磨加工(CMP)し、膜厚を0.5μmとし、Raを0.3nmとした。
実施例D1において、第一の接合層、第二の接合層の材質をアルミナとし、接合層の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例D1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
実施例D1において、第一の接合層、第二の接合層の材質を五酸化タンタル(Ta2O5)とし、接合層の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例D1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.5J/m2であった。
実施例D1において、第一の接合層、第二の接合層の材質を窒化珪素(Si3N4)とし、接合層の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例D1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.4J/m2であった。
実施例D1において、第一の接合層、第二の接合層の材質を窒化アルミニウム(AlN)とし、接合層の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例D1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.3J/m2であった。
実施例D1において、第一の接合層、第二の接合層の材質を五酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)とし、接合層の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例D1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、2.0J/m2であった。
実施例D1において、第一の接合層、第二の接合層の材質を酸化チタン(TiO2)とし、接合層の成膜にはスパッタリング法を用いた。その他は実施例D1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれは確認できなかった。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、1.8J/m2であった。
実施例D1において、第一の接合層を設けなかった。その他は実施例D1と同様にして接合体を製造した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれが発生した。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、0.1J/m2であった。
実施例D3と同様にして、第一の接合層および第二の接合層として五酸化タンタル層を設けた。そして、接合層の表面と支持基板の表面とをプラズマ活性化法によって表面活性化した。その他は実施例D4と同様にして接合体を製造した。チャンバー内を10-1Pa台まで真空引きした後、ウェハー表面にN2プラズマ(パワー200W)を60s照射し、その後大気に出し、純水で洗浄する。更に大気中で接合させ、荷重2000Nを2分間印加した。
この結果、圧電性材料基板の研削および研磨工程中に接合部分の剥がれが発生した。またクラックオープニング法で接合強度を評価した所、0.3J/m2であった。
Claims (21)
- 圧電性材料基板と、単結晶からなる支持基板とを接合する方法であって、
前記圧電性材料基板上に接合層を形成し、前記接合層が、窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
前記接合層の表面および前記支持基板の表面に中性化ビームを照射することで前記接合層の前記表面および前記支持基板の前記表面を活性化する工程、および
前記接合層の前記表面と前記支持基板の表面とを直接接合する工程
を有することを特徴とする、接合方法。 - 前記圧電性材料基板上に酸化珪素膜を設ける工程を有しており、この酸化珪素膜上に前記接合層を設けることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記圧電性材料基板を加工して粗面を形成する工程を有しており、この粗面上に前記接合層を設けることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記接合層の前記表面を平坦化した後で前記活性化を行うことを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記支持基板が、シリコン、サファイアおよび水晶からなる群より選ばれた材質からなることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧電性材料基板が圧電性単結晶からなることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧電性単結晶が、ニオブ酸リチウム、タンタル酸リチウムまたはニオブ酸リチウム-タンタル酸リチウム固溶体からなることを特徴とする、請求項6記載の方法。
- 圧電性単結晶からなる圧電性材料基板と、単結晶からなる支持基板とを接合する方法であって、
前記支持基板上に接合層を形成し、前記接合層が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
前記接合層の表面および前記圧電性材料基板の表面に中性化ビームを照射することで前記接合層の前記表面および前記圧電性材料基板の前記表面を活性化する工程、および
前記接合層の前記表面と前記圧電性材料基板の前記表面とを直接接合する工程
を有することを特徴とする、接合方法。 - 前記支持基板上に酸化珪素膜を設ける工程を有しており、この酸化珪素膜上に前記接合層を設けることを特徴とする、請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記接合層の前記表面を平坦化した後に前記活性化を行うことを特徴とする、請求項8または9記載の方法。
- 前記支持基板が、シリコン、サファイアおよび水晶からなる群より選ばれた材質からなることを特徴とする、請求項8~10のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧電性単結晶が、ニオブ酸リチウム、タンタル酸リチウムまたはニオブ酸リチウム-タンタル酸リチウム固溶体からなることを特徴とする、請求項8~11のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 圧電性材料基板と、単結晶からなる支持基板とを接合する方法であって、
前記圧電性材料基板上に第一の接合層を形成し、前記第一の接合層が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
前記支持基板上に第二の接合層を形成し、前記第二の接合層が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、アルミナ、五酸化タンタル、ムライト、五酸化ニオブおよび酸化チタンからなる群より選ばれた一種以上の材質からなる工程、
前記第一の接合層の表面および前記第二の接合層の表面に中性化ビームを照射することで前記第一の接合層の前記表面および前記第二の接合層の前記表面を活性化する工程、および
前記第一の接合層の前記表面と前記第二の接合層の前記表面とを直接接合する工程
を有することを特徴とする、接合方法。 - 前記圧電性材料基板上に酸化珪素膜を設ける工程を有しており、この酸化珪素膜上に前記第一の接合層を設けることを特徴とする、請求項13記載の方法。
- 前記圧電性材料基板を加工して粗面を形成する工程を有しており、この粗面上に前記第一の接合層を設けることを特徴とする、請求項13または14記載の方法。
- 前記第一の接合層の前記表面を平坦化した後に前記活性化を行うことを特徴とする、請求項13~15のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記支持基板上に酸化珪素膜を設ける工程を有しており、この酸化珪素膜上に前記第二の接合層を設けることを特徴とする、請求項13~16のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記第二の接合層の表面を平坦化した後に前記活性化を行うことを特徴とする、請求項13~17のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記支持基板が、シリコン、サファイアおよび水晶からなる群より選ばれた材質からなることを特徴とする、請求項13~18のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧電性材料基板が圧電性単結晶からなることを特徴とする、請求項13~19のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧電性単結晶が、ニオブ酸リチウム、タンタル酸リチウムまたはニオブ酸リチウム-タンタル酸リチウム固溶体からなることを特徴とする、請求項20記載の方法。
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TWI660580B (zh) | 2019-05-21 |
TW201803267A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
CN108781064A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
CN108781064B (zh) | 2019-10-11 |
KR20190133793A (ko) | 2019-12-03 |
US10964882B2 (en) | 2021-03-30 |
DE112017001546T5 (de) | 2018-12-13 |
JP6427712B2 (ja) | 2018-11-21 |
KR102428548B1 (ko) | 2022-08-04 |
JPWO2017163722A1 (ja) | 2018-09-13 |
DE112017001546B4 (de) | 2020-06-18 |
KR20180107212A (ko) | 2018-10-01 |
US20190036009A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
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