WO2017056974A1 - バインダー組成物、非水電解質二次電池用電極および非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
バインダー組成物、非水電解質二次電池用電極および非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017056974A1 WO2017056974A1 PCT/JP2016/077008 JP2016077008W WO2017056974A1 WO 2017056974 A1 WO2017056974 A1 WO 2017056974A1 JP 2016077008 W JP2016077008 W JP 2016077008W WO 2017056974 A1 WO2017056974 A1 WO 2017056974A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- vinylidene fluoride
- binder composition
- fluoride polymer
- active material
- Prior art date
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 35
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001228 Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 (NCM 111) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6-pentaoxepane-5,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OOOOC(=O)O1 BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N methyl hydrogen fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPBWMJBZQXCSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanoyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OOC(=O)C(C)C RPBWMJBZQXCSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DTGWMJJKPLJKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCOOC(=O)C(C)(C)C DTGWMJJKPLJKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- RGBXDEHYFWDBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OOC(=O)OC(C)C RGBXDEHYFWDBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
- H01M4/623—Binders being polymers fluorinated polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/16—Homopolymers or copolymers or vinylidene fluoride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/22—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a binder composition, an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- An electrode structure for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a structure including a current collector and an electrode mixture layer formed on the current collector.
- the electrode mixture layer is generally applied on a current collector in a slurry state in which an electrode mixture containing a powder electrode material and a binder material is dispersed in an appropriate solvent or dispersion medium, and the solvent or dispersion medium is volatilized. It is formed.
- the powder electrode material for example, an electrode active material that is a positive electrode or a negative electrode active material is mainly used.
- the binder material a vinylidene fluoride polymer or the like is mainly used.
- the conventional vinylidene fluoride polymer used as a binder material has a relatively weak adhesion between the electrode active material and the current collector, so the electrode active material may fall off during use, Phenomena such as peeling of the mixture layer from the current collector may be observed. For this reason, the reduction of the discharge capacity may become large during long-term use of the battery.
- Patent Document 1 a copolymer of acrylic acid and vinylidene fluoride is known (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a non-aqueous system comprising a combination of an unmodified vinylidene fluoride polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.2 dl / g or more and a modified vinylidene fluoride polymer having a carboxyl group or an epoxy group. Binders for forming battery electrodes are disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 describes blending two or more kinds of vinylidene fluoride-based polymers including the copolymer described in Patent Document 1, but does not describe a specific mixing recipe. Absent.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to produce a binder composition having high adhesiveness without causing a copolymer or an aggregate of a copolymer and an electrode active material. It is to provide.
- the constituent material of the binder composition is a monomer of vinylidene fluoride polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of a certain value or more and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- the binder composition according to the present invention is a binder composition used for binding an electrode active material to a current collector to which the electrode active material is applied, in order to solve the above problems, and has an intrinsic viscosity. It is a binder composition containing a first vinylidene fluoride polymer of 1.7 dl / g or more and a second vinylidene fluoride polymer containing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as a monomer unit.
- the present invention can provide a binder composition having high adhesiveness without causing a copolymer or an aggregate of the copolymer and the electrode active material.
- due to the high adhesion between the current collector and the electrode mixture layer it is possible to avoid an increase in discharge capacity due to peeling of the electrode mixture layer from the assembly during use of the battery. There is an effect.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing of the electrode in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in this embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in this embodiment. It is a figure of the image which shows the surface of the electrode manufactured in the present Example, (a) has shown the electrode surface of Example 3, (b) has shown the electrode surface of the comparative example 10. FIG.
- the “electrode” in this specification and the like means that an electrode mixture layer formed from an electrode mixture using the binder composition in the present embodiment is formed on a current collector. It means an electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the “battery” in this specification and the like means a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with an “electrode”.
- “adhesiveness” in this specification and the like means the adhesiveness between the current collector and the electrode mixture layer formed on the current collector, and the peel strength of the electrode mixture layer. Can be represented. That is, the higher the peel strength of the electrode mixture layer, the better the “adhesiveness”.
- the binder composition according to this embodiment is an electrode of a battery, and in an electrode in which an electrode mixture layer containing an electrode active material is formed on a current collector, the electrode active material is bound to the current collector. It is used to make it.
- the binder composition contains two types of vinylidene fluoride polymers. For convenience, in the present specification and the like, these two types are referred to as “first vinylidene fluoride polymer” and “second vinylidene fluoride polymer”. In this specification and the like, “a mixture of the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer” is also simply referred to as “blend product”. In addition, in the binder composition which concerns on this embodiment, as long as the desired effect is not inhibited, another polymer may be included.
- the first vinylidene fluoride polymer is a vinylidene fluoride polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.7 dl / g or more.
- vinylidene fluoride polymer means a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride, and a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and a monomer copolymerizable with vinylidene fluoride (copolymer). ) Are included.
- the monomer copolymerizable with vinylidene fluoride is not particularly limited as long as it is known at the time of filing this application.
- vinylidene fluoride it is preferable to contain vinylidene fluoride units at 90 mol% or more, and it is particularly preferable to contain vinylidene fluoride units at 95 mol% or more.
- PVDF vinylidene fluoride homopolymer
- the intrinsic viscosity of the first vinylidene fluoride polymer is 1.7 dl / g or more, and preferably 2.1 dl / g or more. By being 1.7 dl / g or more, high adhesive performance can be realized.
- the first vinylidene fluoride polymer is a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride and has an intrinsic viscosity of 2.1 dl / g or more.
- the first vinylidene fluoride polymer can be produced by a known production method in order to produce a vinylidene fluoride polymer. That is, the manufacturing method is not particularly limited as long as the manufacturing method is appropriately set so as to have the above-described intrinsic viscosity.
- the second vinylidene fluoride polymer is a vinylidene fluoride polymer containing (meth) acrylic acid as a monomer unit.
- the second vinylidene fluoride polymer may contain (meth) acrylic acid in addition to vinylidene fluoride as a monomer unit, and may contain other monomer units. Moreover, the monomer unit of both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid may be included.
- (meth) acrylic acid means either acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the second vinylidene fluoride polymer is preferably 1.0 dl / g or more, and more preferably 1.3 dl / g or more.
- the second vinylidene fluoride polymer can be obtained by continuously adding (meth) acrylic acid or an aqueous solution containing (meth) acrylic acid to vinylidene fluoride and copolymerizing it. While the copolymerization reaction continues, it is preferable to continue the continuous supply of (meth) acrylic acid or an aqueous solution of (meth) acrylic acid.
- the copolymerization method include conventionally known methods such as suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and solution polymerization. Among these, from the viewpoint of ease of post-treatment, the copolymerization method is preferably aqueous suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization, and more preferably aqueous suspension polymerization.
- methyl cellulose methoxylated methyl cellulose, propoxylated methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, gelatin and the like can be used.
- polymerization initiators include diisopropyl peroxycarbonate, dinormalpropyl peroxydicarbonate, dinormalheptafluoropropyl peroxydicarbonate, isobutyryl peroxide, di (chlorofluoroacyl) peroxide and di (perfluoroacyl) peroxide. Oxides and the like can be used.
- the degree of polymerization of the resulting polymer is adjusted by adding a chain transfer agent such as ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, n-propanol, acetaldehyde, propyl aldehyde, ethyl propionate, and carbon tetrachloride. It is also possible.
- a chain transfer agent such as ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, n-propanol, acetaldehyde, propyl aldehyde, ethyl propionate, and carbon tetrachloride. It is also possible.
- the binder composition according to the present embodiment can be obtained by mixing the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer.
- the ratio of the mixing amount of the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the mixing amount of the second vinylidene fluoride polymer in the binder composition is preferably 75:25 to 25:75 by weight ratio, It is more preferably 70:30 to 30:70, and further preferably 60:40 to 40:60.
- the ratio of the mixing amount of the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer in the binder composition is 1: 1
- the intrinsic viscosity of the first vinylidene fluoride polymer is The range of 2.1 to 3.1 dl / g is more preferable, and the range of 2.1 dl / g is more preferable.
- the binder composition according to this embodiment has high adhesion between the electrode mixture layer and the current collector. That is, high peel strength can be obtained. Moreover, in the electrode which has the electrode mixture layer obtained using the binder composition which concerns on this invention, it can suppress that the aggregate of a copolymer arises on the electrode surface.
- “suppresses the formation of a copolymer or an aggregate of a copolymer and an electrode active material” means that the produced electrode is cut into 2 cm ⁇ 2 cm, and four of them are prepared. , Aggregates with a diameter of 1 mm or more or a length of 1 mm or more within the cutting electrode surface range average less than 3 pieces / sheet, or agglomerates with a diameter of 0.5 mm or more or length of 0.5 mm or more average less than 5 pieces / sheet This case is shown.
- adhesion is improved by forming a hydrogen bond at the interface between the (meth) acrylic acid contained in the second vinylidene fluoride polymer and the current collector.
- the principle for the binder composition in the present embodiment to be effective is limited to this.
- the electrode mixture using the binder composition can be used.
- the adhesion between the current collector and the electrode mixture layer can be further improved.
- the mixing ratio of the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer is 1: 1, the intrinsic viscosity is within the range of 2.1 to 3.1 dl / g.
- the electrode mixture in the present embodiment is a binder composition containing an electrode active material and a non-aqueous solvent.
- An electrode can be produced by applying this electrode mixture on a current collector to form an electrode mixture layer.
- the electrode mixture is in the form of a slurry and can be adjusted to a desired viscosity by adjusting the amount of the non-aqueous solvent.
- the electrode mixture can be used as an electrode mixture for the positive electrode or an electrode mixture for the negative electrode by changing the type of the electrode active material according to the type of the current collector to be applied.
- the electrode mixture in the present embodiment is preferably a positive electrode mixture using a positive electrode active material, that is, a positive electrode active material (positive electrode material).
- Non-aqueous solvent used in the electrode mixture in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that can dissolve the vinylidene fluoride polymer.
- Non-aqueous solvents include, for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylsulfoxide, hexamethylphosphoamide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetramethylurea, triethyl phosphate , Trimethyl phosphate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and tetrahydrofuran.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- dimethylformamide N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylsulfoxide
- hexamethylphosphoamide dioxane
- tetrahydrofuran tetramethylurea
- triethyl phosphate Trimethyl
- nonaqueous solvents may be used alone or as a mixed solvent in which two or more kinds are mixed.
- the non-aqueous solvent used in the electrode mixture is preferably a nitrogen-containing organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, and N, N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methyl-2- Pyrrolidone is more preferred.
- the amount of the non-aqueous solvent is preferably 400 to 10,000 parts by mass, and 600 to 5000 parts by mass. It is more preferable that Within the above-mentioned range of the amount of the non-aqueous solvent, the solution viscosity is appropriate and the handling property is excellent.
- the electrode active material used in the electrode mixture in the present embodiment is an electrode active material for a negative electrode, that is, a negative electrode, when the electrode mixture according to the present embodiment is used as an electrode mixture for a negative electrode.
- An active material may be used.
- a positive electrode active material that is, a positive electrode active material may be used.
- the positive electrode active material examples include a lithium-based positive electrode active material containing lithium.
- the lithium-based positive electrode active material examples include a composite metal chalcogen compound represented by the general formula LiMY 2 such as LiCoO 2 and LiCo x Ni 1-x O 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), or a composite metal oxide, LiMn 2 O And composite metal oxides having a spinel structure such as 4 and olivine type lithium compounds such as LiFePO 4 .
- M is at least one transition metal such as Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cr and V
- Y is a chalcogen element such as O and S.
- the negative electrode active material conventionally known materials including carbon-based materials such as graphite can be used.
- the electrode active material may be added directly to the blend.
- the electrode active material may be first added to the non-aqueous solvent, and the mixture that is stirred and mixed may be added to the blend.
- the electrode mixture in the present embodiment may further contain a conductive aid.
- the conductive additive is added for the purpose of improving the conductivity of the electrode mixture layer when using an active material having a low electron conductivity such as LiCoO 2 .
- the conductive assistant for example, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbonaceous materials such as graphite fine powder and graphite fiber, and metal fine powder or metal fiber such as nickel and aluminum can be used.
- the electrode mixture in this embodiment may contain components other than the above-described components.
- examples of other components include pigment dispersants such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode in the present embodiment.
- the electrode 10 includes a current collector 11 and electrode mixture layers 12 a and 12 b, and electrode mixture layers 12 a and 12 b are formed on the current collector 11.
- the electrode 10 becomes a positive electrode when the electrode mixture layers 12a and 12b are obtained using the electrode mixture for the positive electrode, and the electrode mixture layers 12a and 12b using the electrode mixture for the negative electrode. Is obtained as a negative electrode.
- the current collector 11 is a base material for the electrode 10 and a terminal for taking out electricity. Examples of the material of the current collector 11 include iron, stainless steel, steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, and titanium.
- the shape of the current collector 11 is preferably a foil or a net. When the electrode 10 is a positive electrode, the current collector 11 is preferably an aluminum foil.
- the thickness of the current collector 11 is preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m. When the size of the electrode 10 is small, the thickness of the current collector 11 may be 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the electrode mixture layers 12a and 12b are layers obtained by applying the electrode mixture described above to the current collector 11 and drying it.
- a method for applying the electrode mixture a known method in the technical field can be used, and a method using a bar coater, a die coater, a comma coater, or the like can be given.
- the drying temperature for forming the electrode mixture layers 12a and 12b is preferably 50 to 170 ° C.
- the thickness of the electrode mixture layers 12a and 12b is preferably 10 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the electrode 10 has electrode mixture layers 12 a and 12 b formed on both surfaces of the current collector 11.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and one surface of the current collector 11 is not limited thereto.
- the electrode mixture layer may be formed only on the surface.
- the thickness of the electrode mixture layer is usually 20 to 250 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the basis weight of the mixture layer is usually 20 to 700 g / m 2 , preferably 30 to 500 g / m 2 .
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the battery 100 includes a positive electrode 1, a negative electrode 2, a separator 3, and a metal casing 5.
- the battery 100 has a structure in which a power generation element in which a laminated body in which a separator 3 is disposed between a positive electrode 1 and a negative electrode 2 is spirally wound is housed in a metal casing 5.
- the positive electrode 1 or the negative electrode 2 is the same as the electrode 10 in FIG.
- the separator 3 a known material such as a porous film of a polymer material such as polypropylene and polyethylene can be used.
- the battery 100 is illustrated as a cylindrical battery, but the battery 100 in the present embodiment is not limited to this, and may be a coin-shaped, rectangular, or paper-type battery.
- the binder composition according to the present invention is a binder composition used for binding an electrode active material to a current collector to which the electrode active material is applied, in order to solve the above problems, and has an intrinsic viscosity.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the second vinylidene fluoride polymer is 1.0 dl / g or more.
- the first vinylidene fluoride polymer is preferably a polymer containing only vinylidene fluoride as a monomer unit.
- the first vinylidene fluoride polymer preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 2.1 dl / g or more.
- the mixing ratio of the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer is 75:25 to 25:75 by weight. Preferably there is.
- the binder composition according to the present invention preferably contains a non-aqueous solvent and the electrode active material.
- the electrode active material is preferably a positive electrode material.
- An electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention is an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a current collector and an electrode mixture layer formed on the current collector, the electrode mixture
- the layer is an electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which is a layer produced using the above-described binder composition.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided with the electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery described above.
- ⁇ i Intrinsic viscosity (inherent viscosity) ⁇ i , a polymer solution is prepared by dissolving 80 mg of the polymer in 20 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide. The viscosity ⁇ of the polymer solution is measured using a Ubbelohde viscometer in a constant temperature bath at 30 ° C. The intrinsic viscosity ⁇ i is obtained by the following formula using the viscosity ⁇ .
- ⁇ i (1 / C) ⁇ ln ( ⁇ / ⁇ 0 )
- ⁇ 0 is the viscosity of N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent
- C is 0.4 g / dl.
- the manufactured electrode is cut into 2 cm ⁇ 2 cm, and the number of aggregates having a diameter of 1 mm or more or a length of 1 mm or more and aggregates having a diameter of 0.5 mm or more or a length of 0.5 mm or more within the cutting electrode surface range is determined. Observed. The existence number was determined by visually observing four cutting electrodes and calculating the existence number of aggregates per sheet.
- the presence or absence of aggregates is determined when the presence of aggregates of vinylidene fluoride polymer on the surface is 1 mm or more in diameter or 3 or more aggregates having a length of 1 mm or more on average, or 0.5 mm or more in diameter Alternatively, when an average of 5 or more aggregates having a length of 0.5 mm or more was confirmed, it was determined that there was a copolymer aggregate.
- Example 1 [First Vinylidene Fluoride Polymer: Vinylidene Fluoride Homopolymer (PVDF)]
- PVDF Vinylidene Fluoride Homopolymer
- As the first vinylidene fluoride polymer PVDF having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.7 dl / g (Kureha Corporation KF # 1700) was used.
- the obtained polymer slurry was dehydrated and dried to obtain a VDF / AA copolymer as a second vinylidene fluoride polymer.
- a total of 4 g of acrylic acid was added, including the amount added initially.
- the obtained VDF / AA copolymer had an intrinsic viscosity of 2.5 dl / g.
- PVDF was dissolved in N-methyl-2pyrrolidone (hereinafter referred to as NMP) to prepare a 5% by weight vinylidene fluoride polymer solution.
- NMP N-methyl-2pyrrolidone
- a 5% strength by weight solution of VDF / AA copolymer was also prepared in the same manner.
- the obtained two kinds of solutions are mixed so that the mixing ratio of PVDF and VDF / AA copolymer is a ratio of 50:50, stirred at 25 ° C. to be uniform, and mixed with a 5 wt% binder.
- a solution was made.
- binder mixed solution containing 2 parts by weight of a binder composition with respect to 100 parts by weight of LFP (LFP; LiFePO 4 , average particle diameter 1.2 ⁇ m, specific surface area 14.7 m 2 / g) as an electrode active material
- LFP LiFePO 4
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added and mixed for 5 minutes to obtain an electrode mixture in which the total solid concentration of the binder composition and the electrode active material was 47% by weight.
- Electrodes 1 The obtained electrode mixture was applied on a current collector 15 ⁇ m thick aluminum foil with a bar coater, and this was subjected to primary drying at 110 ° C. for 30 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere using a thermostatic bath, Subsequently, it was secondarily dried at 130 ° C. for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to produce an electrode having a dry mix basis weight of approximately 150 g / m 2 .
- Example 2 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first vinylidene fluoride polymer was changed to PVDF having an intrinsic viscosity of 2.1 dl / g (KF # 7200, manufactured by Kureha Corporation).
- Example 3 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first vinylidene fluoride polymer was changed to PVDF having an intrinsic viscosity of 3.1 dl / g (KF # 7300, manufactured by Kureha Corporation).
- Example 4 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the ratio of PVDF to VDF / AA copolymer was 25:75.
- Example 5 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the ratio of PVDF to VDF / AA copolymer was 75:25.
- Example 6 As the first vinylidene fluoride polymer, PVDF having an intrinsic viscosity of 3.1 dl / g (KF # 4300 manufactured by Kureha Co., Ltd.) was used, and the ratio of PVDF and VDF / AA copolymer was set to 3: 2, and In addition, 2 parts by weight of carbon black (SP; SuperP (registered trademark) Li, manufactured by Timcal Japan, average particle diameter of 40 nm, specific surface area of 60 m 2 / g) is added to the electrode active material as a conductive aid during the preparation of the electrode mixture. An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that.
- SP SuperP (registered trademark) Li, manufactured by Timcal Japan, average particle diameter of 40 nm, specific surface area of 60 m 2 / g
- Example 7 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that carbon nanotubes (CNT; average diameter 15 nm, specific surface area 200 m 2 / g) were used as the conductive auxiliary instead of SP.
- CNT carbon nanotubes
- Example 8 When producing the second vinylidene fluoride polymer, the electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the amount of butyl peroxypivalate and the initial amount of acrylic acid were changed to 6 g and 0.8 g, respectively. Produced. The obtained VDF / AA copolymer had an intrinsic viscosity of 1.5 dl / g.
- Example 9 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that when the second vinylidene fluoride polymer was produced, the initial addition amount of acrylic acid was changed to 0.8 g.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the VDF / AA copolymer obtained at this time was 3.0 dl / g.
- Example 1 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first vinylidene fluoride polymer was changed to PVDF having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.1 dl / g (Kureha KF # 1100).
- Example 2 Without using the second vinylidene fluoride polymer, only PVDF (KF # 7300, manufactured by Kureha Co., Ltd.) having an intrinsic viscosity of 3.1 dl / g is used.
- An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2 parts by weight of the substance was added.
- Comparative Example 4 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that CNT was used instead of SP as a conductive additive.
- Comparative Example 5 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3 except that CNT was used instead of SP as a conductive additive.
- Example 6 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the VDF / AA copolymer was replaced with a carboxyl group-containing vinylidene fluoride polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 2.1 dl / g.
- Example 7 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only PVDF having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.7 dl / g (KF # 1700 manufactured by Kureha Co., Ltd.) was used and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer was not used. The peel strength was measured.
- Example 8 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only PVDF having an intrinsic viscosity of 2.1 dl / g (KF # 7200 manufactured by Kureha Co., Ltd.) was used and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer was not used. did.
- Example 9 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only PVDF (KF # 7300 manufactured by Kureha Co., Ltd.) having an intrinsic viscosity of 3.1 dl / g was used and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer was not used. did.
- PVDF KF # 7300 manufactured by Kureha Co., Ltd.
- Example 10 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only the VDF / AA copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 2.5 dl / g was used and the first vinylidene fluoride polymer was not used.
- Example 11 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that only the VDF / AA copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.5 dl / g prepared in Example 8 was used without using the first vinylidene fluoride-based polymer. An electrode was produced.
- Example 12 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that only the VDF / AA copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 3.0 dl / g prepared in Example 9 was used without using the first vinylidene fluoride-based polymer. An electrode was produced. [Evaluation of Adhesiveness and Aggregate Formation of Electrode Mixture Layer in Electrode Structure 1] The adhesive force between the aluminum foil and the electrode mixture layer in the electrodes obtained in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 was determined by bonding the upper surface of the electrode formed by coating to a plastic thick plate, and JIS K6854.
- the peel strength was measured in the same manner for Comparative Examples 7 to 12.
- the calculated peel strength is a value of peel strength when the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer are used alone, depending on the amount of each mixture.
- the peel strength value theoretically predicted when the first vinylidene fluoride polymer and the second vinylidene fluoride polymer are mixed, which are obtained by adding the integrated values. That is, when the value is higher than the calculated peel strength, it is possible to produce a synergistic effect by using two types of vinylidene fluoride polymers mixed with each other. Show.
- the peel strengths in Comparative Examples 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 were 0.19 gf / mm, 0.19 gf / mm, 0.17 gf / mm, 1.28 gf / mm, 0.54 gf / mm and It was 0.91 gf / mm.
- Examples 1 to 5 showed a peel strength higher than the calculated peel strength and a higher peel strength than Comparative Example 1.
- the peel strength was about 2.9 times that of Comparative Example 1.
- the peel strength in Comparative Example 1 was lower than the calculated peel strength, and the effect of improving the peel strength by mixing was not observed.
- Examples 1 to 3 exhibited higher peel strength than when each vinylidene fluoride polymer was used alone.
- Examples 6 and 7 using the conductive assistant also showed higher peel strength than the calculated peel strength, and higher peel strength than when each vinylidene fluoride polymer was used alone.
- Example 6 using a carboxyl group-containing vinylidene fluoride polymer as the second vinylidene fluoride polymer, unlike Example 3 in which only the type of the second vinylidene fluoride polymer is different, The improvement effect of peeling strength by mixing was not seen.
- the intrinsic viscosity is different.
- the peel strength was higher than the calculated peel strength, and higher peel strength was obtained than when each vinylidene fluoride polymer was used alone.
- FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) a photograph of the electrode surface of Example 3 and a photograph of the electrode surface of Comparative Example 10 are shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), respectively.
- FIG. 3B in Comparative Example 10, an aggregate was confirmed on the electrode surface, and an aggregate of a copolymer or a copolymer and an electrode active material was generated.
- FIG. 3A in Example 3, the presence of a copolymer or an aggregate of the copolymer and the electrode active material could not be confirmed.
- An electrode was produced in the same manner.
- Comparative Example 13 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that NCM111 (Li 1.00 Ni 0.33 Co 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 , average particle diameter 6 ⁇ m) was used as the electrode active material.
- Comparative Example 14 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3 except that NCM111 (Li 1.00 Ni 0.33 Co 0.33 Mn 0.33 O 2 , average particle diameter 6 ⁇ m) was used as the electrode active material.
- Example 11 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that lithium-cobalt composite oxide (LCO; LiCoO 2 , cell seed C5H, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., average particle size 5 ⁇ m) was used as the electrode active material.
- LCO lithium-cobalt composite oxide
- Comparative Example 15 An electrode was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that LCO (LiCoO 2 , Cell Seed C5H, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., average particle size 5 ⁇ m) was used as the electrode active material.
- LCO LiCoO 2 , Cell Seed C5H, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., average particle size 5 ⁇ m
- the present invention can be used as a binder composition used for binding a current collector and an electrode active material in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態に係るバインダー組成物は、電池が有する電極であって、集電体上に電極活物質を含む電極合剤層が形成されてなる電極において、電極活物質を集電体に結着させるために用いられるものである。バインダー組成物には、2種類のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体が含まれている。便宜上、本明細書等では、この2種類について、「第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体」および「第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体」と称する。また、本明細書等では、「第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体と第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体との混合物」を単に「ブレンド物」とも称する。なお、本実施形態に係るバインダー組成物においては、所望の効果を阻害しない限り、さらに別の重合体を含んでいてもよい。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体は、1.7dl/g以上の固有粘度を有するフッ化ビニリデン系重合体である。
[第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体]
第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体は、(メタ)アクリル酸を単量体単位として含むフッ化ビニリデン系重合体である。第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体は、単量体単位としてフッ化ビニリデンの他に(メタ)アクリル酸を含んでいればよく、他の単量体単位が含まれていてもよい。また、アクリル酸およびメタクリル酸両方の単量体単位を含んでいてもよい。中でも、(メタ)アクリル酸とフッ化ビニリデンとの共重合体であることが好ましい。中でも、アクリル酸とフッ化ビニリデンとの共重合体であることがより好ましい。なお、本明細書中において「(メタ)アクリル酸」は、アクリル酸およびメタクリル酸のいずれかを意味するものである。
本実施形態に係るバインダー組成物は、第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体と第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体とを混合することにより得られる。バインダー組成物の第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体の混合量と第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体の混合量との比率は、重量比で75:25~25:75であることが好ましく、70:30~30:70であることがより好ましく、60:40~40:60であることがさらに好ましい。
本実施形態に係るバインダー組成物は、本実施形態に係るバインダー組成物を用いた電極合剤から形成される電極合剤層を有する電極において、電極合剤層と集電体との高い接着性すなわち、高い剥離強度を得ることができる。また、本発明に係るバインダー組成物を用いて得られた電極合剤層を有する電極では、その電極表面上に共重合体の凝集物が生じることを抑制することができる。
本実施形態における電極合剤は、バインダー組成物に、電極活物質と非水溶媒とを含ませたものである。この電極合剤を集電体上に塗布して電極合剤層を形成することにより、電極を作製することができる。電極合剤は、スラリー状であり、非水溶媒の量を調節することによって、所望の粘度に調整することができる。
本実施形態における電極合剤において用いられる非水溶媒としては、フッ化ビニリデン系重合体を溶解できる溶媒であれば特に限定されるものではない。非水溶媒としては、例えばN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)、ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N-ジメチルスルホキシド、ヘキサメチルホスホアミド、ジオキサン、テトラヒドロフラン、テトラメチルウレア、トリエチルホスフェート、トリメチルホスフェート、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、およびテトラヒドロフランなどが挙げられる。これらの非水溶媒は、単独で用いてもよいし、二種類以上を混合した混合溶媒として用いてもよい。電極合剤において用いられる非水溶媒は、中でも、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドおよびN,N-ジメチルアセトアミドなどの含窒素系有機溶媒が好ましく、N-メチル-2-ピロリドンがより好ましい。
本実施形態における電極合剤において用いられる電極活物質は、上述したように、本実施形態に係る電極合剤を負極用の電極合剤とする場合には、負極用の電極活物質、すなわち負極活物質を用いればよく、本実施形態に係る電極合剤を正極用の電極合剤とする場合には、正極用の電極活物質、すなわち正極活物質を用いればよい。
本実施形態における電極合剤は、さらに導電助剤を含んでいてもよい。導電助剤は、LiCoO2等の電子伝導性の小さい活物質を使用する場合に、電極合剤層の導電性を向上する目的で添加するものである。導電助剤としては、例えば、カーボンブラック、カーボンナノチューブ、黒鉛微粉末および黒鉛繊維等の炭素物物質、ならびにニッケルおよびアルミニウム等の金属微粉末または金属繊維を用いることができる。
本実施形態における電極合剤は、上述の成分以外の他の成分を含んでいてもよい。他の成分としては、例えば、ポリビニルピロリドンなどの顔料分散剤等を挙げることができる。
図1を参照して、本実施形態に係る電極に関して以下に説明する。図1は、本実施形態における電極の断面図である。図1に示すように、電極10は、集電体11、電極合剤層12aおよび12bを有しており、集電体11上に電極合剤層12aおよび12bが形成されている。電極10は、上述したように、正極用の電極合剤を用いて電極合剤層12aおよび12bが得られる場合には正極となり、負極用の電極合剤を用いて電極合剤層12aおよび12bが得られる場合には負極となる。
図2を参照して、本実施形態に係る電池について以下に説明する。図2は、非水電解質二次電池の分解斜視図である。電池100は、正極1、負極2、セパレータ3および金属ケーシング5を有している。具体的には、電池100は、正極1と負極2との間にセパレータ3を配置した積層体を渦巻き状に巻き回した発電素子が、金属ケーシング5中に収容されている構造を有している。ここで、正極1または負極2は、図1における電極10と同様のものである。セパレータ3としては、ポリプロピレンおよびポリエチレン等の高分子物質の多孔性膜などの公知の材料を用いることができる。
本発明に係るバインダー組成物は、上記課題を解決するために、電極活物質を当該電極活物質が塗布される集電体に結着させるために用いられるバインダー組成物であって、固有粘度が1.7dl/g以上の第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体と、(メタ)アクリル酸を単量体単位として含む第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体とを含んでいるバインダー組成物である。
固有粘度(インヘレント粘度)ηiを算出するために、重合体80mgを20mlのN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解することによって重合体溶液を作製する。当該重合体溶液の粘度ηを、30℃の恒温槽内においてウベローデ粘度計を用いて測定する。固有粘度ηiは、当該粘度ηを用いて下記式によって求められる。
上記式において、η0は溶媒であるN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドの粘度、Cは0.4g/dlである。
次に、得られた電極の表面の観察方法について以下に説明する。製造した電極を、2cm×2cmに切削し、切削電極表面範囲内での直径1mm以上または長さ1mm以上の凝集物ならびに直径0.5mm以上または長さ0.5mm以上の凝集物の存在数を観察した。存在数は、切削電極4枚を目視で観察し、1枚当たりの凝集物の存在数を算出することで決定した。凝集物の有無は、表面上にフッ化ビニリデン系重合体の凝集物の存在が直径1mm以上または長さ1mm以上の凝集物が平均3個/枚以上確認される場合、もしくは直径0.5mm以上または長さ0.5mm以上の凝集物が平均5個/枚以上確認される場合は、共重合体の凝集物があると判断した。
[第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体:フッ化ビニリデン単独重合体(PVDF)]
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体として、固有粘度1.7dl/gのPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#1700)を使用した。
内容量2リットルのオートクレーブに、イオン交換水900g、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース0.4g、ブチルペルオキシピバレート2g、フッ化ビニリデン396g、およびアクリル酸の初期添加量0.2gの各量を仕込み、50℃に加熱した。重合中に圧力を一定に保つ条件で、アクリル酸を含む1重量%アクリル酸水溶液を反応容器に連続的に供給した。得られた重合体スラリーを脱水、乾燥してVDF/AA共重合体を第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体として得た。アクリル酸は、初期に添加した量を含め、全量4gを添加した。得られたVDF/AA共重合体の固有粘度は、2.5dl/gであった。
PVDFをN-メチル-2ピロリドン(以下、NMP)に溶解し、5重量%濃度のフッ化ビニリデン重合体溶液を作製した。同様の手法でVDF/AA共重合体の5重量%濃度溶液も作製した。
得られた電極合剤を、集電体である厚さ15μmのアルミ箔上にバーコーターで塗布し、これを恒温槽を用いて、窒素雰囲気下にて110℃で30分間一次乾燥を行い、次いで窒素雰囲気下にて130℃で2時間二次乾燥して、乾燥合剤目付け量がおよそ150g/m2の電極を作製した。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を固有粘度2.1dl/gのPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#7200)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を固有粘度3.1dl/gのPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#7300)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
PVDFとVDF/AA共重合体との割合を25:75とした以外は、実施例3と同様にして電極を作製した。
PVDFとVDF/AA共重合体との割合を75:25とした以外は、実施例3と同様にして電極を作製した。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体として、固有粘度3.1dl/gのPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#4300)を用い、PVDFとVDF/AA共重合体との割合を3:2とし、さらに、電極合剤の作製時に導電助剤としてカーボンブラック(SP;Timcal Japan社製 SuperP(登録商標) Li、平均粒子径40nm、比表面積60m2/g)を電極活物質に対して2重量部添加した以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
SPの代わりに導電助剤としてカーボンナノチューブ(CNT;平均直径15nm、比表面積200m2/g)を用いた以外は、実施例6と同様にして電極を作製した。
第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を作製する際に、ブチルペルオキシピバレートの量およびアクリル酸の初期添加量を、それぞれ6gおよび0.8gに変更した以外は実施例3と同様にして電極を作製した。得られたVDF/AA共重合体の固有粘度は、1.5dl/gであった。
第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を作製する際に、アクリル酸の初期添加量を0.8gとした以外は実施例3と同様にして電極を作製した。このとき得られたVDF/AA共重合体の固有粘度は3.0dl/gであった。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を固有粘度1.1dl/gのPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#1100)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いずに、固有粘度3.1dl/gのPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#7300)のみを用い、電極合剤の作製時に導電助剤としてSPを電極活物質に対して2重量部添加した以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いずに、VDF/AA共重合体のみを用い、電極合剤の作製時に導電助剤としてSPを電極活物質に対して2重量部添加した以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
導電助剤としてSPの代わりにCNTを用いた以外は、比較例2と同様にして電極を作製した。
導電助剤としてSPの代わりにCNTを用いた以外は、比較例3と同様にして電極を作製した。
VDF/AA共重合体を、固有粘度が2.1dl/gのカルボキシル基含有フッ化ビニリデン系重合体に代えた以外は実施例3と同様にして電極を作製した。
固有粘度が1.7dl/gであるPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#1700)のみを用い、第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製し、剥離強度を測定した。
固有粘度が2.1dl/gであるPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#7200)のみを用い、第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
固有粘度が3.1dl/gであるPVDF(株式会社クレハ製 KF#7300)のみを用い、第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
固有粘度が2.5dl/gであるVDF/AA共重合体のみを用い、第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いずに、実施例8で調製した固有粘度が1.5dl/gであるVDF/AA共重合体のみを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体を用いずに、実施例9で調製した固有粘度が3.0dl/gであるVDF/AA共重合体のみを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極を作製した。
[電極構造体における電極合剤層の接着性および凝集物生成の評価1]
実施例1~7、および比較例1~6で得られた電極におけるアルミ箔と電極合剤層との接着力は、塗工により形成した電極の上面をプラスチックの厚板と貼り合わせ、JIS K6854-1に準じて引張試験機(ORIENTEC社製「STA-1150 UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE」)を使用し、ヘッド速度10mm/分で90°剥離強度として評価した。プラスチックの厚板は、アクリル樹脂製であり、厚さ5mmである。各実施例および各比較例における剥離強度を測定した。また、各実施例および各比較例の電極合剤層における凝集物の生成を観察した。結果を表1に示す。
[電極の製造2]
(実施例10)
電極活物質としてリチウム-ニッケル-コバルト-マンガン複合酸化物(NCM111;Li1.00Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2、平均粒子径6μm)を用いた以外は実施例6と同様にして電極を作製した。
電極活物質としてNCM111(Li1.00Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2、平均粒子径6μm)を用いた以外は比較例2と同様にして電極を作製した。
電極活物質としてNCM111(Li1.00Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2、平均粒子径6μm)を用いた以外は比較例3と同様にして電極を作製した。
電極活物質としてリチウム-コバルト複合酸化物(LCO;LiCoO2、セルシードC5H、日本化学工業製、平均粒子径5μm)を用いた以外は実施例6と同様にして電極を作製した。
電極活物質としてLCO(LiCoO2、セルシードC5H、日本化学工業製、平均粒子径5μm)を用いた以外は比較例2と同様にして電極を作製した。
電極活物質としてLCO(LiCoO2、セルシードC5H、日本化学工業製、平均粒子径5μm)を用いた以外は比較例3と同様にして電極を作製した。
[電極構造体における電極合剤層の接着性および凝集物生成の評価2]
上記[電極構造体における電極合剤層の接着性および凝集物生成の評価1]と同様にして、実施例10、11および比較例13~16における剥離強度を測定した。また電極合剤層における凝集物の生成を観察した。結果を表2に示す。
2 負極
3 セパレータ
5 金属ケーシング
10 電極
11 集電体
12a 電極合剤層
12b 電極合剤層
100 電池
Claims (9)
- 電極活物質を当該電極活物質が塗布される集電体に結着させるために用いられるバインダー組成物であって、
固有粘度が1.7dl/g以上の第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体と、
アクリル酸またはメタクリル酸を単量体単位として含む第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体と、を含んでいることを特徴とするバインダー組成物。 - 上記第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体の固有粘度が1.0dl/g以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のバインダー組成物。
- 上記第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体は、フッ化ビニリデンのみを単量体単位として含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のバインダー組成物。
- 上記第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体は、固有粘度が2.1dl/g以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー組成物。
- 上記第1のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体と、上記第2のフッ化ビニリデン系重合体との混合比が、重量比で75:25~25:75であることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー組成物。
- 非水溶媒および上記電極活物質を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー組成物。
- 上記電極活物質は正極材料であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のバインダー組成物。
- 集電体と集電体上に形成されている電極合剤層とを有する非水電解質二次電池用電極であって、
上記電極合剤層は、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載のバインダー組成物を用いて作製された層であることを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池用電極。 - 請求項8に記載の非水電解質二次電池用電極を備えていることを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
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CN (1) | CN108040504B (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE052704T2 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2017056974A1 (ja) |
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JP2017147206A (ja) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | 非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池用巻回素子、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
WO2019220677A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社クレハ | 電極合剤、電極合剤の製造方法、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
JP2019200894A (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社クレハ | 電極合剤、電極合剤の製造方法、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
WO2019239781A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-19 | 株式会社クレハ | バインダー組成物、電極合剤、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
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JP2020526880A (ja) * | 2017-07-07 | 2020-08-31 | ピーピージー・インダストリーズ・オハイオ・インコーポレイテッドPPG Industries Ohio,Inc. | リチウムイオン蓄電装置用の電極結合剤スラリー組成物 |
WO2021172585A1 (ja) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-02 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ポリビニリデンフルオライド、結着剤、電極合剤、電極および二次電池 |
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US11018344B2 (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2021-05-25 | Showa Denko K.K. | Current collector for electrical storage device, method for producing the same, and coating liquid used in said production method |
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JP2017147206A (ja) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | 非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池用巻回素子、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
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US11424451B2 (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2022-08-23 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Electrode slurry composition for lithium ion electrical storage devices |
JP2022068238A (ja) * | 2017-07-07 | 2022-05-09 | ピーピージー・インダストリーズ・オハイオ・インコーポレイテッド | リチウムイオン蓄電装置用の電極結合剤スラリー組成物 |
JP2020510974A (ja) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-04-09 | 輝能科技股▲分▼有限公司Prologium Technology Co., Ltd. | 可撓性リチウム電池 |
JP7019508B2 (ja) | 2018-05-15 | 2022-02-15 | 株式会社クレハ | 電極合剤、電極合剤の製造方法、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
WO2019220677A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社クレハ | 電極合剤、電極合剤の製造方法、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
CN112005406B (zh) * | 2018-05-15 | 2024-02-09 | 株式会社吴羽 | 电极合剂、电极合剂的制造方法、电极结构体、电极结构体的制造方法以及二次电池 |
JP7017468B2 (ja) | 2018-05-15 | 2022-02-08 | 株式会社クレハ | 電極合剤、電極合剤の製造方法、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
JP2019200895A (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社クレハ | 電極合剤、電極合剤の製造方法、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
JP2019200894A (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社クレハ | 電極合剤、電極合剤の製造方法、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
CN112005406A (zh) * | 2018-05-15 | 2020-11-27 | 株式会社吴羽 | 电极合剂、电极合剂的制造方法、电极结构体、电极结构体的制造方法以及二次电池 |
JPWO2019239781A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-03-18 | 株式会社クレハ | バインダー組成物、電極合剤、電極構造体、電極構造体の製造方法および二次電池 |
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KR20220132571A (ko) | 2020-02-28 | 2022-09-30 | 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드, 결착제, 전극 합제, 전극 및 이차 전지 |
KR20220132569A (ko) | 2020-02-28 | 2022-09-30 | 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 조성물, 결착제, 전극 합제, 전극 및 이차 전지 |
WO2021172586A1 (ja) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-02 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 組成物、結着剤、電極合剤、電極および二次電池 |
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JPWO2017056974A1 (ja) | 2018-03-29 |
KR102160398B1 (ko) | 2020-09-28 |
EP3358662A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
CN108040504A (zh) | 2018-05-15 |
EP3358662A4 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
JP6797223B2 (ja) | 2020-12-09 |
CN108040504B (zh) | 2022-04-01 |
JP2019075387A (ja) | 2019-05-16 |
PL3358662T3 (pl) | 2021-04-19 |
US20180269484A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
KR20180021773A (ko) | 2018-03-05 |
HUE052704T2 (hu) | 2021-05-28 |
EP3358662B1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
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