WO2017020864A1 - 一种紧固连接组件及结构、拆卸方法、轨道结构、曲轴连杆机构、骨连接装置及骨连接方法 - Google Patents

一种紧固连接组件及结构、拆卸方法、轨道结构、曲轴连杆机构、骨连接装置及骨连接方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017020864A1
WO2017020864A1 PCT/CN2016/093762 CN2016093762W WO2017020864A1 WO 2017020864 A1 WO2017020864 A1 WO 2017020864A1 CN 2016093762 W CN2016093762 W CN 2016093762W WO 2017020864 A1 WO2017020864 A1 WO 2017020864A1
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Prior art keywords
rotation
hole
sleeve
screw
rotation preventing
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PCT/CN2016/093762
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨东佐
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杨东佐
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Publication of WO2017020864A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017020864A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/02Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
    • F16B39/10Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by a plate, spring, wire or ring immovable with regard to the bolt or object and mainly perpendicular to the axis of the bolt
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F16B35/041Specially-shaped shafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/004Mounting arrangements for axles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62JCYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J1/00Saddles or other seats for cycles; Arrangement thereof; Component parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K21/00Steering devices
    • B62K21/18Connections between forks and handlebars or handlebar stems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M3/00Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/10Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device by a separate operation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F16B37/04Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
    • F16B37/041Releasable devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F16B37/14Cap nuts; Nut caps or bolt caps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/28Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/28Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
    • F16B39/282Locking by means of special shape of work-engaging surfaces, e.g. notched or toothed nuts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B43/00Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/04Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
    • F16C3/06Crankshafts
    • F16C3/10Crankshafts assembled of several parts, e.g. by welding by crimping
    • F16C3/12Crankshafts assembled of several parts, e.g. by welding by crimping releasably connected
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K2206/00Quick release mechanisms adapted for cycles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fastening connection technology of a thread pair mechanically coupling two or more objects; in particular, a mechanical static connection of a crankshaft linkage mechanism, a track structure, an aircraft, a ship, a device, an aerospace equipment, Fastening connection components, fastening connections and connections for mechanical parts on key parts of aircraft, spacecraft, rockets, engines, nuclear reactors, trains, high-speed rail, railroad tracks, steel structures, steel bridges, automobiles, etc. Methods and disassembly methods, the use environment of these mechanical parts is particularly harsh, such as large vibration, high temperature environment, large load, etc., and the connection reliability of the mechanical connection of the thread pair is particularly high.
  • Threaded sub-mechanical static joints between objects have some bolts broken at key parts, safety problems caused by failure of threaded connections and safety accidents, which are often encountered in the world, and are a common problem faced by technicians in the field. Solve the problem that has not been solved. Small bolts, large accidents, and frequent major accidents due to bolt breakage, such as the collapse of the connecting rod bolts of the engine of the automobile; the accident of 1 death and 4 injuries caused by the break of the bolts of Harbin tower crane on April 18, 2009; Taiwan's media reported that the No. 1 reactor of the No. 2 Plant of the Nuclear Power Plant detected 7 anchor bolt breaks and damages that may cause nuclear safety accidents; the guidance of the No.
  • the reliability of the threaded connection is ensured by the self-locking of the friction of the thread pair and the friction between the contact faces of the thread pair.
  • the connecting thread has a certain self-locking property and does not automatically loosen under static load conditions.
  • the friction between the pairs of threads will disappear or decrease instantaneously; at the same time, in the case of high temperature or temperature changes, the material will creep and stress relaxation, and the friction will be reduced. Under multiple actions, the threaded connection is gradually released.
  • the main reason for the failure of the threaded connection is that the thread is loose due to the reduction of the pre-tightening force. Therefore, the essence of the threaded connection is to prevent the reverse rotation of the thread pair (that is, the reverse between the threaded hole and the external threaded portion). Such as the reverse between the bolt and the nut.
  • the existing mechanical mechanical anti-loosening methods mainly include mechanical anti-loose methods such as a split pin, a stop pad and a string wire rope. Many of the aircraft are now also using the anti-loose method of the series wire rope.
  • the lock nut is provided with a threaded through hole and an internal gear-shaped rotation stop hole communicating therewith, and the minimum hole diameter of the rotation stop hole is larger than the diameter of the threaded through hole.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve is provided with a rotation preventing through hole, and the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve is an outer gear shape, and a rotation preventing strip is arranged on the wall of the rotation preventing through hole, and a rotation preventing groove is matched with the rotation preventing strip on the screw.
  • the outer gear-shaped outer circumference of the anti-rotation sleeve and the gear-shaped hole wall of the lock nut rotation-stop hole cooperate with the constraint lock nut to rotate relative to the rotation sleeve, and the rotation sleeve of the rotation sleeve is inserted into the rotation groove of the screw to restrain the screw relative to the rotation sleeve Rotating, so the screw and the lock nut are mounted non-rotatably.
  • the secondary connection is the most basic use for the convenience of separating the screw and the nut, and thus the screw and nut structure is of little use value.
  • the anti-loose nut connection structure includes connecting parts and Through the screw of the connecting piece, the screw on the screw is fastened to the connecting piece, the outer side of the nut is sleeved with a anti-loose ferrule, and the anti-rotation structure between the anti-rotation ferrule and the connecting piece is provided, and the anti-rotation structure includes a corresponding connector
  • the sinking groove provided by the nut is arranged in the sinking groove after the nut is screwed, and the outer ring of the anti-loose ferrule is provided with a chuck, and the inner side wall of the sinking groove is provided with a card slot for the chuck to be inserted; the height of the anti-loose ferrule is less than Shen
  • the height of the groove, the anti-loose ferrule and the nut and the sink are an interference fit.
  • the anti-loose nut connecting structure of the invention has a anti-rotation ferrule and a anti-rotation structure between the anti-loose ferrule and the connecting member, and the inner ring of the anti-loose ferrule is a regular hexagonal structure matched with the nut, preventing The inner ring of the loose ferrule and the nut cannot rotate relative to each other, and the anti-rotation structure prevents the anti-loose ferrule from rotating relative to the connecting member, thereby preventing the nut from loosening after being fastened.
  • the anti-loose nut connecting structure realizes the prevention of the looseness of the nut, but on the one hand, since the height of the anti-loose ferrule is smaller than the height of the sinking groove, and the anti-loose ferrule is in an interference fit with the nut and the sinking groove, the disassembly prevention When loosening the nut connection structure, the anti-loose and anti-loose ferrule cannot be taken out from the sinking groove, and the anti-loose and anti-loose ferrule cannot be taken out, so that the nut and the screw cannot be separated, so that the use of the threaded pair connection is lost.
  • Patent No. ZL201520399393.8 discloses a self-tightening nut and a bolt fastener.
  • the fastener includes a self-tightening nut body, a self-tightening washer and a common bolt; the self-tightening nut body is in contact with the self-tightening washer The surface is a smooth transition spiral surface; the self-tightening nut body is screwed with the common bolt; the bolt fastener includes a self-tightening bolt, a self-tightening washer and a common nut; the ordinary nut is screwed with the self-tightening bolt.
  • the self-tightening nut and the bolt fastener adopt a self-tightening principle, and a self-tightening structure is arranged on the nut or the bolt to make the self-tightening effect after the locking, so that the nut is no longer displaced or loosened.
  • This kind of self-nut also known as self-tightening nut and never loose nut, and claims that its anti-loose ability exceeds the hardlock nut, has been reported in CCTV. Since this nut is not widely used, its anti-loosening effect cannot be judged.
  • the existing hardlock nut and self-tightening nut which are considered to have good anti-loose effect are not used to prevent the nut from rotating by using the anti-rotation sleeve to prevent the nut from rotating.
  • the nut has not been prevented from rotating by using the anti-rotation sleeve.
  • the use of the anti-rotation sleeve is formed.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the prior art that the use of the anti-rotation sleeve limits the rotation of the lock nut relative to the screw to achieve the reverse rotation of the bolt lock nut.
  • the anti-loose technical solution because the rotary sleeve is difficult or impossible to remove from the first to-stop hole, resulting in the inertial thinking of the fastening connection component, and the use of the anti-rotation sleeve to limit the rotation of the lock nut relative to the screw
  • the screw lock nut can not be rotated relative to each other, so that the screw lock nut is not loosened by the reverse rotation and the rotation sleeve is taken out from the first rotation stop hole quickly, conveniently and reliably, so that the screw and the lock nut are detached.
  • Fast, convenient and reliable fastening assembly and structure, disassembly method, track structure, crankshaft linkage, bone connection device and bone connection method
  • a fastening connection assembly comprises a screw, a lock nut and a rotation preventing sleeve; the screw is provided with a resisting portion and a first external thread portion; the resisting portion radially protrudes the first external thread portion;
  • a threaded through hole and a first rotation stop hole communicating with the threaded through hole are provided in the lock nut, the minimum aperture of the first rotation stop hole is larger than the maximum aperture of the threaded through hole; and the circumference of the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole is provided Aligning more than six axial first warping portions uniformly;
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve is provided with a second rotation stopping portion which is matched with the first rotation preventing portion and uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;
  • the rotation preventing sleeve is provided with an axial rotation preventing through hole, and the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole is provided a third axial rotation stop portion;
  • the rotation sleeve is provided with an outer circumference of the second rotation stop portion and a hole wall of the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut;
  • a take-up structure for taking out the rotation preventing sleeve installed outside the screw and the first rotation preventing hole on the lock nut and/or the rotation preventing sleeve;
  • the removal structure includes two axial clamps disposed on the rotation preventing sleeve Holding holes or two axial clamping recesses disposed on the outer circumference of the rotation sleeve and communicating with the outer circumference of the rotation sleeve;
  • a threaded through hole of the lock nut is threadedly connected to the first external thread portion, and a screw provided with the fourth rotation stop portion is placed in the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut, and the first rotation stop portion of the lock nut and the screw
  • the position of the fourth rotation stop portion is corresponding; the rotation sleeve is installed outside the screw provided with the fourth rotation stop portion and is disposed in the first rotation stop hole, and the rotation sleeve is axially restrained in the first rotation stop hole;
  • the first rotation stop portion and the second rotation stop portion cooperate to restrain the rotation of the lock nut relative to the rotation sleeve, and the third rotation stop portion and the fourth rotation rotation portion cooperate to restrain the rotation of the rotation sleeve relative to the screw, and the screw and the lock nut are non-rotatably Installed together.
  • the take-up structure further comprises forming a contact with the clamping hole or the clamping recess at a side of the rotation preventing sleeve facing the bottom surface of the first rotation preventing hole and the bottom of the first rotation preventing hole for clamping of the removal tool
  • the hook enters the take-out space through which the clamping hole or the clamping recess enters.
  • the take-out structure further includes a support portion disposed on one end surface of the rotation preventing sleeve and three axially protruding end faces of the rotation preventing sleeve; the support portion is configured to face the rotation preventing sleeve toward the bottom surface of the first rotation preventing hole A take-out space that communicates with the holding hole or the clamping recess is formed between one side of the first and the bottom of the first rotation preventing hole. Since the support portion for forming the take-out space is easily formed on the rotation preventing sleeve, it can be stamped together with the rotation preventing sleeve, and the cost is low.
  • a take-out hole communicating with the threaded through hole and the first rotation stop hole is further disposed between the threaded through hole of the lock nut and the first rotation stop hole, and the minimum hole diameter of the removal hole is larger than the diameter of the threaded through hole
  • the maximum aperture is smaller than the minimum aperture of the first rotation stop hole; the side of the rotation preventing sleeve facing the bottom surface of the first rotation stop hole and the extraction hole form a take-out space that communicates with the clamping hole or the clamping recess.
  • a rotation stop shaft that cooperates with the rotation preventing through hole is provided on an end surface of the first external thread portion facing away from the abutting portion, and the fourth rotation preventing portion is disposed at an outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft; the maximum outer diameter of the rotation preventing shaft is smaller than or It is equal to the thread bottom diameter of the first external thread portion; the rotation preventing shaft is disposed in the first rotation preventing hole, and the rotation preventing sleeve is installed outside the rotation preventing shaft and placed in the first rotation preventing hole.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft is an outer gear-shaped structure, or a spline-shaped structure, or a regular polygonal hole;
  • the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole of the rotation preventing sleeve is an inner gear-shaped hole that cooperates with the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft of the outer gear-shaped structure, Or a spline-shaped hole that fits the outer circumference of the rotation-recessing shaft of the spline-shaped structure, or a regular-polygon hole that fits the outer circumference of the rotation-recessing shaft of the regular polygonal structure, or two that fits the outer circumference of the rotation-recessing shaft of the regular polygonal structure
  • the intersecting structure of more than the same regular polygonal holes and the degree of rotation of each adjacent two regular polygonal holes is 360° / the number of regular polygonal holes / the number of regular polygonal holes, so as to further ensure the connection of the bolt and the lock nut Preload.
  • the fourth rotation stop portion is disposed on the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft, and the third rotation stop portion and the fourth rotation rotation portion are equally divided as much as possible in the case of satisfying the processing and the force, so as to ensure the locking of the screw and the lock nut. In the case of force, fine-tuning the screw is easier to make on the screw
  • the first rotation stop portion corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation stop portion, and meets the need for the rotation sleeve installation.
  • the third rotation stop portion is one or more axial rotation preventing bars protruding from the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole; the fourth rotation preventing portion is disposed on the first external thread portion and the rotation preventing bar a matching axial rotation stop groove; the rotation stop groove is a roll-formed groove, which is rolled and formed when the first external thread portion of the screw is clamped; the rotation stop bar on the rotation prevention sleeve extends into the rotation of the screw The groove restrains the rotation sleeve from rotating relative to the screw.
  • the fourth rotation stop portion is a rotation preventing groove provided on one end of the screw provided with the first external thread portion, and the rotation preventing groove on the screw is simultaneously rolled and rolled when the first external thread portion is clamped, and the screw of the structure is
  • the universal standard part screw has the same cost, the cost is particularly low, and the formed rotation groove is not deformed and standard, and the thread of the first external thread portion is also standard.
  • the hole wall of the through hole is formed by a circular arc surface and a rotation stop plane connecting the circular arc surface; and the third rotation stop portion is a rotation preventing sleeve on the hole wall of the through hole;
  • the four rotation stop portion is a screw rotation stop plane disposed on the first external thread portion and engaging with the rotation stop plane of the rotation sleeve; the rotation stop plane of the rotation sleeve and the screw rotation prevention plane cooperate to restrain the rotation of the rotation sleeve relative to the screw.
  • This kind of screw has good strength and low processing cost.
  • the fourth rotation stop portion is one or more axial rotation preventing grooves provided on the first external thread portion, and the rotation preventing groove is a cutting tail groove, and the cross section is V-shaped, from the tail end of the screw to the screw
  • the resisting portion is gradually smaller;
  • the third rotation preventing portion is a rotation preventing bar protruding from the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole, and the rotation preventing bar forms a concave-convex fit with the rotation preventing groove.
  • the fourth rotation stop portion is a tail-type rotation stop groove, and the corresponding tail-cutting process can be used to form the cutting tail groove, and the existing tail cutting screw can also be used, and the cost is low.
  • the fastening connection assembly further includes a rotation preventing sleeve limiting member;
  • the rotation preventing sleeve limiting member is a snap ring or a buckle cover for an elastic buckle provided with two or more inner buckles; the snap ring or the buckle cover Installed on the screw or on the lock nut to axially limit the side of the sleeve.
  • the stopper sleeve is a buckle cover, and the buckle cover not only can axially limit the side of the rotation sleeve, but also has the function of a cover, so that the rotation sleeve and the screw are not exposed to the air, thereby greatly increasing the rotation sleeve And the life of the screw, the use of safer, more beautiful appearance, the buckle cover can also play a decorative role.
  • the stop sleeve limiter is a snap ring or a buckle cover. In the case where the threaded connection is prone to failure, the axial limit of the snap ring or the buckle cover is more reliable.
  • the card slot is arranged on the screw, and the card slot is formed together and then threaded when the forging screw head is formed into a billet.
  • the screw of this structure is similar to the cost of the common standard screw, and the cost is reduced; or the thread is threaded and then milled out. Stop the groove.
  • the stop sleeve limit member is a buckle cover of an elastic buckle provided with two or more inner buckles, and the cover cover is provided with a receiving space for accommodating the lock nut; the outer circumference of the lock nut is provided There is a resisting portion that cooperates with the elastic buckle; the elastic buckle is buckled inwardly on the resisting portion of the lock nut to axially limit the side of the retaining sleeve, and the lock nut is received in the receiving space of the buckle cover.
  • the fastening connection assembly of the structure on the one hand, in the case where the threaded connection is prone to failure, the axial limit of the buckle cover is more reliable; on the other hand, the resisting portion is disposed on the outer circumference of the lock nut, and the resisting portion is formed when the lock nut blank is formed. Together with the upsetting, there is no need to form a resisting groove on the lock nut or the screw to reduce the cost.
  • the buckle cover is stamped and formed from sheet metal, which is low in cost.
  • the buckle cover can also cover the screw, the lock nut and the rotation stop sleeve, thereby greatly reducing the rust of the screw, the lock nut and the rotation stop sleeve exposed to the air.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve limiting member is an elastic resisting cap;
  • the resisting cap is provided with a blind hole matched with the first external thread portion of the screw, and a ring is formed on the hole wall of the blind hole a resiliently resisting ring;
  • the rotation sleeve is mounted in the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut and the first external thread portion of the screw provided with the fourth rotation stop portion, and the resisting cap is elastically deformed to make the resistance ring interference fit
  • the ground sleeve is axially restricted to one side of the rotation sleeve outside the screw; the resisting cap covers the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut.
  • the resisting cap is used as the stopper sleeve limiting member, and the resisting cap can be a rubber member.
  • the resisting cap has the function of a sealing member to prevent dust, water, etc. from entering between the rotation preventing sleeve, the screw and the lock nut, and preventing rust.
  • the resisting cap also has a decorative effect, and the appearance is beautiful, and is particularly suitable for occasions where the force is not particularly large and the appearance is high, such as used in scissors and furniture.
  • the expansion sleeve of the one-piece structure is further included; a driving cone surface for driving the expansion sleeve expansion is provided on the outer circumference of the resisting portion of the screw; and the first external thread portion of the screw is provided on the expansion sleeve.
  • the through hole is axially slotted in communication with one end surface, the outer side surface and the through hole of the expansion sleeve; the first external thread portion of the screw is threadedly connected to the lock nut through the expansion sleeve.
  • the expansion member includes two or more expansion members; the expansion member includes an expansion member body, and the expansion cone surface is disposed on the inner circumference of the expansion member and the driving cone surface; the expansion member is held together to form an expansion sleeve.
  • a driving taper surface for driving the expansion sleeve to expand and engage with the expansion taper is provided on the outer circumference of the resisting portion of the screw; the first external thread portion of the screw is screwed to the lock nut through the expansion sleeve.
  • the improvement of the first to eleventh embodiments further includes two or more expansion members and a driving nut; a first driving tapered surface is disposed on an outer circumference of the resisting portion of the screw; and a second driving tapered surface is disposed on an outer circumference of the driving nut;
  • the expansion member includes an expansion member body, an expansion sleeve abutting portion radially protruding on an outer circumference of the expansion member body, a first expansion tapered surface disposed on the inner circumference of the expansion member body and the first driving cone surface, and a second driving a second expansion taper surface of the tapered surface; the expansion members are held together to form an expansion sleeve; the through hole formed by the expansion sleeve composed of the expansion members that are held together is engaged with the first external thread portion of the screw; and the corresponding expansion on the expansion sleeve The circumferential portion of the retaining portion is distributed to form a broken independent ring;
  • the first externally threaded portion of the screw is threadedly coupled to the drive nut and the lock nut through the expansion sleeve.
  • a fastening connection structure further comprises a base body and an attachment body; the base body is provided with a through hole that cooperates with the first external thread portion of the screw, and the attachment body is provided with the first external thread portion of the screw.
  • the first external thread portion of the screw passes through the through hole in the female body, and the through hole on the attached body is screwed with the lock nut, and the screw and the lock nut fasten the mother body and the attachment body together; the fourth rotation is provided
  • the screw of the portion is placed in the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut, and the first rotation stop portion of the lock nut corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation stop portion of the screw;
  • the rotation sleeve is installed in the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut and the screw provided with the fourth rotation stop portion, the rotation sleeve is axially restrained in the first rotation stop portion; the first rotation of the lock nut And the second rotation stop of the rotation sleeve is engaged with the rotation of the lock nut relative to the rotation sleeve, the third rotation end of the rotation sleeve and the fourth rotation end of the screw cooperate with the rotation of the restriction screw relative to the rotation sleeve, the screw and the screw
  • the lock nuts are non-rotatably mounted together.
  • the fastening structure of the expansion structure is particularly suitable for the case where the hole on the mother body is a blind hole, the screw cannot pass through the mother body, and the metal material which cannot be tapped on the mother body, and the material of the mother body is relatively soft. It is easy to slide the wire with a threaded connection, such as aluminum for the mother body.
  • the expansion fastening assembly further includes a driving nut. The screw is installed on the mother body through the structure of the expansion sleeve before installation, and then the attachment body is installed to facilitate the installation of the screw on the mother body.
  • An expansion sleeve abutting portion is arranged on the expansion sleeve, and an abutting groove is arranged on the hole wall of the mother body, and the expansion sleeve resisting portion extends into the abutting groove of the pre-embedded sleeve to form a snap-fit by the surface and the surface, so that the expansion sleeve and the expansion sleeve
  • the connection force of the mother body is mainly the mutual abutting force between the wedge-shaped resisting and the resisting groove, instead of the pre-tightening static friction force of the threaded connection or the expansion static friction force of the expansion screw.
  • the abutting portion on the expansion member may be a resisting portion.
  • the abutting portion on the expansion member may also be a plurality of abutting portions, and the shape of the single abutting portion on the cross section passing through the axis is a pointed shape or a trapezoidal shape or an arc shape; the shape of the resisting groove on the female body on the cross section passing through the axis is resistant to
  • the matching portion has a pointed shape or a trapezoidal shape or an arc shape; the resisting portion and the abutting groove are in contact with the two inclined surface faces of the tapered shape or the two inclined faces of the trapezoid, or are contacted by the curved surface.
  • This expansion fastening structure can withstand a very high connection force.
  • connection failure in a large load, particularly in an axial load, a large vibration, and a high temperature.
  • the lock nut connected with the screw, the rotation sleeve installed in the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut, and the structure for limiting the rotation sleeve and the fastening not the expansion structure The connection components are the same and will not be described again.
  • a method for disassembling a fastening structure of a fifteenth aspect comprising the steps of:
  • the rotation sleeve is taken out from the first rotation preventing hole by a clamp: the clamp includes a left caliper body and a right caliper body rotatably pivoted together, and is clamped on the bottom surface of the clamping end portion of the left caliper body.
  • the protruding post is provided with a clamping protrusion on the bottom surface of the clamping end portion of the right caliper body, and the clamping outer column of the clamping body of the left caliper body and the clamping protrusion of the right caliper body have a smaller outer diameter than the clamping hole of the rotation preventing sleeve or The minimum aperture of the clamping recess; the clamping jaw is opened, and the clamping protrusion of the left caliper body and the clamping protrusion of the right caliper body respectively extend into the corresponding clamping holes or clamping recesses, and then the clamps are gathered.
  • the clamp removes the rotation sleeve from the first rotation hole;
  • a method for disassembling a fastening structure of a sixteenth aspect wherein a side of the rotation preventing sleeve facing the bottom surface of the first rotation preventing hole and the bottom of the first rotation preventing hole are formed to be connected with the clamping hole or the clamping recess space;
  • a clamping hook is protruded toward the right caliper body at the end of the clamping rib of the left caliper body, and is clamped toward the left caliper body at the end of the clamping rib of the right caliper body. hook;
  • the clamping protrusions of the left caliper body and the clamping hooks of the right caliper body and the clamping hooks of the right caliper body extend into the corresponding clamping holes or clamping recesses and the clamping hooks extend radially into the taking-out space, and then The clamp is clamped, and the left clamping post and the right clamping post clamping clamping sleeve of the clamp, the clamping hook of the left caliper body and the clamping hook of the right caliper body resist the rotation away from the take-off direction of the rotation preventing sleeve The sleeve and the clamp take the rotation sleeve out of the first rotation hole.
  • the clamping hook is added to the anti-rotation sleeve, instead of simply clamping and removing the rotation preventing sleeve by the clamping friction of the clamping post and the rotation sleeve, when the fastening connection assembly is removed, the clamp and the clamp In addition to the friction between the anti-rotation sleeves, the clip is added
  • the axial abutting force of the hook greatly increases the clamping force of the clamp holding the rotation sleeve, and the rotation sleeve can be taken out very reliably.
  • the utility model relates to a track structure, comprising a fastening connection component, a backing plate for carrying a track, a rail underlay, a guide rail, an insulating block and a spring strip;
  • the fastening connection assembly further comprises a rotation preventing sleeve limiting member;
  • the screw is a T-shaped screw ;
  • a bottom surface of the backing plate is provided with a rotation preventing groove which communicates with the through hole and cooperates with the resisting portion; and a through hole which cooperates with the first external threaded portion of the screw is provided on both sides of the backing plate, and is provided on the bottom surface of the backing plate a through-rotating groove communicating with the through hole and engaging with the resisting portion, the through hole adjacent to each side between the corresponding two through holes is provided with a resisting convex portion; the two outer sides of the through holes on opposite sides of the backing plate are opposite There is a spring support portion, and the through hole on the pad plate is disposed between the resisting convex portion on the same side and the elastic bar support portion;
  • the pad is mounted on the foundation, the under-rail pad is mounted on the pad, the rail is mounted on the under-rail pad, the under-rail pad and the rail are placed between the two resisting projections of the pad; the insulating blocks are respectively mounted on the rail Between the two sides of the pad and the two resisting protrusions of the pad, the two sides of the pad resist the convex portion to limit the insulating blocks on both sides, and the two insulating blocks limit the two sides and the top surface of the guide rail;
  • the resisting portion of the screw passes through the through hole of the backing plate from the top to the bottom and is rotatably mounted in the rotation preventing groove; the first external thread portion of the screw is screwed upward through the elastic bar and the lock nut, and the elastic bar is supported at the corresponding
  • the insulating block and the spring supporting portion are arranged; or the two outer sides of the through holes on the two sides of the backing plate are provided with a gauge baffle, and the through holes on the backing plate are placed on the same side of the resisting convex portion and the gauge baffle
  • the first external thread portion is threaded upwardly through the elastic strip and the lock nut, and the elastic strip is supported on the corresponding insulating block and the gauge baffle;
  • the screw and the lock nut fasten and fasten the pad, the under-bolt plate, the guide rail, the insulating block and the elastic strip; the screw provided with the fourth rotation-stopping portion is placed in the first rotation-stop hole of the lock nut, and the lock
  • the first rotation stop portion of the tightening nut corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation stop portion of the screw; the resisting portion and the rotation preventing groove cooperate to restrain the rotation of the screw relative to the backing plate;
  • the rotation sleeve is installed outside the screw provided with the fourth rotation stop portion and placed in the first rotation stop hole; the rotation sleeve is axially restrained outside the screw provided with the fourth rotation stop portion and the first rotation stop hole
  • the first rotation stop of the lock nut cooperates with the second rotation stop of the rotation sleeve to restrain the rotation of the lock nut relative to the rotation sleeve
  • the third rotation stop of the rotation sleeve cooperates with the fourth rotation end of the screw
  • the screw rotates relative to the rotation sleeve, and the screw and the lock nut are non-rotatably mounted together.
  • the threaded connection will not be broken due to the loosening of the lock nut relative to the screw. This ensures that the spring bar reliably presses the insulating block and the insulating block reliably presses the guide rail.
  • the rails are reliably mounted to the shim to prevent accidents.
  • a track structure comprising a fastening connection assembly, a pre-embedded casing, and a pad for carrying the track;
  • the pre-embedded sleeve is embedded in a blind hole on the foundation corresponding to the through hole of the backing plate, and a hole is arranged in the pre-embedded sleeve, and the hole of the pre-embedded sleeve is provided with the expansion sleeve resisting portion.
  • the first external thread portion of the screw is threadedly connected to the driving nut through the expansion sleeve, and the resisting portion of the screw and the first driving taper surface, the expansion sleeve and the driving nut are installed in the hole in the pre-embedded sleeve;
  • the first expansion cone of the expansion sleeve is hung on the first driving cone surface of the screw, and the second expansion cone of the expansion sleeve is huged on the second driving cone surface of the driving nut;
  • the first driving cone surface is relatively first
  • the expansion taper surface slides, the second drive cone surface drives the expansion sleeve expansion relative to the second expansion cone surface sliding, and in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve resisting portion extends into the resisting groove of the pre-embedded sleeve to pass through the surface and the surface
  • the anti-locking portion of the expansion sleeve is axially resisted by the upper abut
  • the first external thread portion of the screw is threadedly connected to the lock nut through a through hole in the backing plate, the lock nut axially resists the backing plate, and the screw, the expansion sleeve and the lock nut are fastened to the backing plate and the pre-embedded sleeve connected.
  • the track structure of the fastening joint assembly of the present invention fixes the backing plate in the pre-embedded sleeve of the foundation by fastening the joint assembly, and the track structure is violently vibrated because the lock sleeve restrains the lock nut from rotating relative to the screw.
  • the environment, the threaded connection is also very reliable, and the threaded connection will not be broken due to the loosening of the lock nut relative to the screw. This ensures that the backing plate is reliably installed with the pre-embedded casing of the foundation to prevent accidents.
  • a crankshaft linkage mechanism comprises a crankshaft, a connecting rod set and a fastening connection assembly;
  • the connecting rod set comprises a connecting rod body, a connecting rod big head cover and a connecting rod big head bearing bush;
  • the connecting rod body comprises a connecting rod big head and a connecting rod small head, a through hole is arranged on the big end of the connecting rod;
  • a through hole is arranged on the big head cover of the connecting rod;
  • the fastening connecting component further comprises a stop sleeve limiting piece;
  • the connecting rod big head bush is wrapped outside the crankshaft, and the connecting rod big head and the connecting rod big head cover are wrapped outside the connecting rod big head bush;
  • the screw has one end of the first external threaded portion passing through the through hole on the big end of the connecting rod, and the through hole on the big head cover of the connecting rod is screwed with the locking nut, and the screw and the locking nut tightly close the connecting rod body and the connecting rod Solidally coupled together; a screw provided with a fourth rotation stop is placed in the first rotation stop hole of the lock nut, and the first rotation stop of the lock nut corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation stop of the screw;
  • the rotation preventing sleeve is installed outside the screw provided with the fourth rotation preventing portion and placed in the first rotation preventing hole, and the rotation preventing sleeve limiting member is mounted with the screw or is mounted with the connecting rod big head cover to the rotation preventing sleeve Side axial limit;
  • the first rotation stop of the lock nut cooperates with the second rotation stop of the rotation sleeve to restrain the rotation of the lock nut relative to the rotation sleeve, and the third rotation end of the rotation sleeve cooperates with the fourth rotation end of the screw to restrain the screw
  • the screw and the lock nut are non-rotatably mounted together with respect to the rotation of the rotation sleeve.
  • crankshaft link mechanism of such a structure the link body and the connecting rod head cover fixed together by the fastening connector, because the link body and the lock nut have no relative rotation, even if the link body is subjected to a large force, or the crankshaft
  • the connecting rod is in a vibrating environment, and the connection between the screw and the lock nut is also reliable.
  • the threaded connection is not broken due to the reversal of the lock nut with respect to the screw, thus ensuring that the connecting rod body and the connecting rod big head cover are reliably mounted together. Prevent accidents.
  • a bone connecting device comprises a fastening connection assembly and a connecting member; the fastening connecting assembly further comprises a rotation preventing sleeve limiting member; and the connecting member is provided with two or more through holes which cooperate with the first external thread portion of the screw;
  • the through hole on one connecting member corresponds to a screw, a lock nut, a rotation preventing sleeve and a rotation preventing sleeve limiting member;
  • the first external thread portion of the screw is threadedly connected with the threaded through hole of the lock nut through a corresponding through hole in the connecting member, and the screw provided with the fourth rotation preventing portion is placed in the first rotation preventing hole of the lock nut, the lock
  • the first rotation stop of the tightening nut corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation stop of the screw;
  • the rotation sleeve is installed outside the screw provided with the fourth rotation stop and is placed in the first rotation stop hole;
  • the component is mounted on the screw or the connecting member to axially limit the rotation sleeve;
  • the third rotation stop portion and the fourth rotation rotation portion cooperate to restrain the rotation sleeve from rotating relative to the screw, and the first rotation stop portion cooperates with the second rotation rotation portion
  • the restraining lock nut rotates relative to the rotation sleeve, and the screw and the lock nut are non-rotatably mounted together.
  • a bone joining method comprising the following steps:
  • the first external thread portion of one screw passes through the through hole in the connecting member, and one broken bone is screwed to the lock nut, and the screw fastens the broken bone to the connecting member;
  • the first external thread of the other screw Passing through another through hole in the connecting member, and the other broken bone is screwed to the lock nut, and the screw fastens the other broken bone to the connecting member;
  • a screw provided with a fourth rotation stop portion is disposed in the corresponding first rotation stop hole, and a fourth rotation stop portion of the screw corresponds to a positional relationship of the first rotation stop portion of the corresponding first rotation stop hole;
  • the third rotation stop portion and the fourth rotation rotation portion cooperate to restrain the rotation sleeve from rotating relative to the screw, and the first rotation stop portion and the second rotation rotation portion cooperate to restrain the rotation of the lock nut relative to the rotation sleeve, and the screw and the lock nut are non-rotatably Installed together.
  • the connecting piece is used to connect the two broken bones. Since the locking sleeve restrains the locking nut from rotating relative to the screw, the connecting piece connects the two broken bones very reliably, and the connection is not loosened, displaced, etc. due to frequent movement of the bone. The side effects of the pain caused by the device are greatly reduced. For some older patients, after the fracture is healed, the bone connecting device can be removed without the second injury.
  • the invention restricts the rotation of the screw relative to the mother body and the attached body by the rotation stop resisting portion of the screw, and the rotation preventing sleeve limits the rotation of the lock nut relative to the screw, so that the screw and the lock nut are non-rotatably mounted on the mother body and the attached body to prevent the fastening.
  • the lock nut is loosened relative to the screw during use of the connecting assembly.
  • the gap sleeve and the first rotation preventing hole and the lock nut generally have a clearance fit, which facilitates the installation and removal of the rotation sleeve.
  • the positional relationship between the first rotation stop portion of the first rotation stop hole and the fourth rotation stop portion of the screw can correspond, and the second rotation of the rotation sleeve is noted when designing the rotation sleeve.
  • the positional relationship between the portion and the third rotation stop portion, that is, the second rotation stop portion and the third rotation stop portion have a corresponding rule.
  • Two or more clamping holes or clamping recesses for clamping and holding the rotation preventing sleeve from the first rotation preventing hole are provided on the rotation preventing sleeve, and when the rotation preventing sleeve is taken out, only two clamping positions are required Holding the rotation preventing sleeve in the hole or the clamping recess to thereby fix the rotation preventing sleeve from the first
  • the take-out hole is taken out, so that the rotation preventing sleeve is taken out from the first rotation preventing hole quickly, conveniently and reliably.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve can be removed from the first rotation preventing hole by the clamping tool, so that the rotation preventing sleeve can be taken out from the first rotation preventing hole more quickly and conveniently, and the rotation preventing sleeve can be ensured. Take out the first stop hole. . After the rotation sleeve is taken out from the first rotation preventing hole, the disassembly of the screw and the lock nut is completely the same as that of the conventional screw and the lock nut, so that the disassembly of the screw and the lock nut is convenient, fast and reliable.
  • Two or more clamping holes for gripping the rotation preventing sleeve from the first rotation preventing hole are provided on the rotation preventing sleeve, and the rotation preventing sleeve is not required to be designed on the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole
  • the structure forms the clamping hole when forming the rotation preventing sleeve, and the cost is hardly increased, and the rotation preventing sleeve is generally designed as a standard part, thereby greatly reducing the cost.
  • the clamping recess is provided on the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve, and can also be designed and clamped on the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole.
  • the structure of the recessed portion forms a clamping hole, and the hole diameter of the clamping recess can satisfy the clamping requirement while ensuring the rigidity and strength of the rotation preventing sleeve.
  • the first rotation stop portion and the second rotation stop portion cooperate to restrain the lock nut from rotating relative to the rotation sleeve
  • the third rotation stop portion and the fourth rotation rotation portion cooperate to restrain the rotation of the screw relative to the rotation sleeve So that the screw and the lock nut can not be rotated, and the screw and the lock nut will not be loosened due to the reverse rotation, so that the screw and the lock nut are kept in the originally required locking position, the thread of the screw and the lock nut.
  • the clamping force of the connection is basically unchanged during the use; even if the ordinary screw lock nut is used for connection, in the harsh environment such as severe vibration and high temperature, the clamping force of the screw connection of the screw and the lock nut is basically in use. No change; therefore, the best locking effect is achieved, which can effectively avoid the screw connection of the screw and the lock nut.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve may be a spline shape or a regular polygonal shape or an outer gear shape;
  • the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole is an inner gear shape hole that fits the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve of the outer gear type structure, or is a spline shape
  • the degree of rotation of each two adjacent regular polygonal holes is 360° / the number of regular polygonal hole sides / the number of regular polygonal holes.
  • the smaller the angle of the fine adjustment lock nut the better the locking effect between the screw and the lock nut, and the locking force between the screw and the lock nut is prevented from being too large or too small.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the fastening joint assembly of Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 2 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening joint assembly of Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 4 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening structure of Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 5 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening connection assembly of Embodiment 3.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional, schematic, cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening connection assembly of Embodiment 4.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 4 of the screw.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of Embodiment 5.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the buckle cover of the fifth embodiment.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 5 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective exploded view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 6.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 6 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of Embodiment 7.
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 7 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 17 is a perspective exploded view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 8 and the clamp mounted together.
  • Fig. 18 is an enlarged schematic view showing a portion I of Fig. 17;
  • Figure 19 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the ninth embodiment.
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 9 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 21 is a perspective view of the buckle cover of the ninth embodiment.
  • Figure 22 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the embodiment 10.
  • Figure 23 is a perspective view of the buckle cover of the tenth embodiment.
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 10 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 25 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the embodiment 11.
  • Figure 26 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 11 of the screw.
  • Figure 27 is a perspective view of the buckle cover of the eleventh embodiment.
  • Figure 29 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 12 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 30 is a perspective view showing the buckle cover of the embodiment 12.
  • Figure 31 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the embodiment 13.
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 13 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 33 is a perspective view showing the buckle cover of the thirteenth embodiment.
  • Figure 34 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the embodiment 14.
  • Figure 35 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 14 of the screw.
  • Figure 36 is a perspective view showing the fastening structure of the fifteenth embodiment.
  • Figure 37 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 15 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Embodiment 38 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening joint assembly of Embodiment 16.
  • Figure 39 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 16 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • FIG. 40 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening joint assembly of Embodiment 17.
  • Figure 41 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the embodiment 18.
  • Figure 42 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of Embodiment 19.
  • Figure 43 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 19 of the screw.
  • Figure 44 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the embodiment 20.
  • Figure 45 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 20 with the clamps mounted together.
  • Figure 46 is a perspective exploded view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 20 mounted with the clamp.
  • Figure 47 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening joint assembly of Embodiment 21.
  • Figure 48 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 21 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 49 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of Embodiment 22.
  • Figure 50 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of Embodiment 22 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 51 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of Embodiment 23.
  • Figure 52 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the fastening structure of the fastening screw of the embodiment 23 taken along the axis of the screw.
  • Figure 53 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of the embodiment 24.
  • Figure 55 is a cross-sectional view showing the A-A of Figure 54.
  • Figure 56 is a perspective exploded view of the fastening assembly of Embodiment 25.
  • Figure 57 is a perspective exploded view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 26.
  • Figure 58 is a perspective exploded view of the track structure of Embodiment 27.
  • Figure 59 is a perspective exploded view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 27.
  • Figure 60 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the track structure of the embodiment 27 taken along the axis of the two screws.
  • Figure 61 is a perspective exploded view of the track structure of Embodiment 29.
  • Figure 62 is a perspective exploded view showing the fastening structure of the embodiment 29.
  • Figure 63 is a perspective view showing the bone connecting device and the bone of the embodiment 30.
  • Figure 64 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the bone connecting device of Example 30 and the bone passing through the axis of the two screws.
  • Figure 65 is a perspective view showing the crankshaft link mechanism of the embodiment 31.
  • Figure 66 is a cross-sectional view showing the crankshaft link mechanism of the embodiment 31 taken along the axis of the two screws.
  • Fig. 67 is a cross-sectional, schematic cross-sectional view showing the crankshaft link mechanism of the embodiment 32 taken along the axis of the two screws.
  • a fastening connection structure includes a fastening connection assembly, a mother body 1, and an attachment body 2.
  • the mother body 1 is provided with a through hole 3, and the attachment body 2 is provided with a through hole 4.
  • the fastening connection assembly comprises a screw 5, a lock nut 6, a rotation preventing sleeve 7, and a rotation preventing sleeve limiting member.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve limiting member is a resisting nut 8.
  • the lock nut 6 is provided with a threaded through hole 9 and a first rotation stop hole 10 communicating with the threaded through hole 9.
  • the minimum hole diameter of the first rotation stop hole 10 is larger than the diameter of the threaded through hole 9.
  • a first circumferential rotation preventing portion 11 is provided on the wall of the first rotation preventing hole 10.
  • the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 10 is an intersecting structure in which two identical hexagonal holes of the same structure are rotated by 30°, and twelve pointed grooves are formed on the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 10, each of which is concave.
  • the groove is formed by two intersecting planes of a regular hexagonal hole, and a pointed groove forms a first torsion portion 11.
  • the outer circumference of the lock nut 6 is a regular hexagon.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 7 is provided with an axial rotation preventing through hole 12, and the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 7 is provided with a second rotation preventing portion 13 which is engaged with the first rotation preventing portion 11 and circumferentially arranged, and the rotation preventing through hole 12 is A third rotation stop portion 14 circumferentially arranged is provided on the wall of the hole.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 7 is a hexagonal shape with a single regular hexagonal hole of the lock nut 6, and the six planes of the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 7 form six second rotation preventing portions 13 which are circumferentially arranged.
  • the wall of the hole of the through hole 12 is formed with a spline-shaped hole, and a groove on the wall of the hole of the through hole 12 forms a third rotation preventing portion 14.
  • the axial length of the first rotation stop portion 11 of the first rotation stop hole 10 is larger than the axial length of the second rotation rotation portion 13 of the rotation preventing sleeve 7.
  • Two clamping holes 20 for detaching the rotation preventing sleeve 7 are provided on the outer circumferential end surface of the rotation preventing through hole 12 in the axial direction which is symmetrical with respect to the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 7.
  • the screw 5 is sequentially provided with a resisting portion 15, a first male screw portion 16 that engages with the threaded through hole 9 of the lock nut 6, a rotation preventing shaft 17, and a male screw portion 18 that engages with the resisting nut 8.
  • the resisting portion 15 radially protrudes from the first male thread portion 16.
  • a fourth rotation preventing portion 19 that is circumferentially distributed with the third rotation preventing portion 14 is provided on the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft 17, and the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft 17 is fitted with the hole wall of the spline-shaped rotation preventing through hole 12 Key shape.
  • An axial rib on the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft 17 forms a fourth rotation preventing portion 19 that cooperates with the groove-shaped third rotation preventing portion 14.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the rotation preventing shaft 17 is smaller than or equal to the thread bottom diameter of the first male thread portion 16, which is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the external thread portion 18.
  • the first external thread portion 16 of the screw 5 is threadedly connected to the lock nut 6 through the through hole 3 in the through hole 3 of the base body 1 and the through hole 4 of the attachment body 2.
  • the resisting portion 15 axially resists the base body 1 and the lock nut 6 axially resists Attachment 2, screw 5 and lock nut 6 fasten the mother body 1 and the attachment body 2 together; the rotation shaft 17 of the screw 5 is placed in the first rotation stop hole 10 of the lock nut 6, the lock nut 6
  • the first rotation preventing portion 11 corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation preventing portion 19 of the screw 5.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 7 is mounted in the first rotation preventing portion 11 of the first rotation preventing hole 10 of the lock nut 6 and outside the fourth rotation preventing portion 19 of the rotation preventing shaft 17 of the screw 5, and the resisting nut 8 is screwed to the external thread portion 18.
  • the upper end of the anti-rotation sleeve 7 is axially offset from the side of the parent body 1.
  • the first rotation stop portion 11 of the lock nut 6 and the second rotation stop portion 13 of the rotation sleeve 7 cooperate with the rotation of the lock nut 6 relative to the rotation sleeve 7 , and the third rotation stop portion 14 of the rotation sleeve 7 and the screw 5
  • the fourth rotation stop 19 cooperates with the restraining screw 5 to rotate relative to the rotation sleeve 7, and the screw 5 and the lock nut 6 are non-rotatably mounted together.
  • the installation method includes the following steps:
  • the through hole 4 on the attached body 2 is opposite to the through hole 3 on the mother body 1, the first external thread portion 16 of the screw 5 is passed through the through hole 3 in the parent body 1, the through hole 4 in the attached body 2, and the lock nut 6 threaded connection, the resisting portion 15 axially resists the base body 1, the lock nut 6 axially resists the attachment body 2, the screw 5 and the lock nut 6 fasten the mother body 1 and the attachment body 2 together; the rotation axis of the screw 5 is set In the first rotation stop hole 10 of the lock nut 6, the first rotation stop portion 11 of the lock nut 6 corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation stop portion 19 of the screw 5;
  • the forward or reverse micro-rotation lock nut 6 adjusts the angle of the first rotation stop portion 11 of the lock nut 6 with respect to the fourth rotation stop portion 19, so that the first rotation stop portion 11 of the lock nut 6 and the screw 5 are
  • the positional relationship of the four rotation preventing portions 19 corresponds to the positional relationship between the second rotation preventing portion 13 of the rotation preventing sleeve 7 and the first rotation preventing portion 11 of the lock nut 6, and the third rotation preventing portion 14 of the rotation preventing sleeve 7 is
  • the fourth rotation stop portion 19 of the screw 5 corresponds to the positional relationship
  • the third rotation stop portion 14 of the rotation preventing sleeve 7 is mounted outside the fourth rotation stop portion 19 of the screw 5 and placed first in the first rotation stop hole 10
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 11 is axially restrained in the axial direction of the fourth rotation preventing portion 19 of the screw 5 and the first rotation preventing portion 11 of the first rotation preventing hole 10.
  • the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 31 has an internal gear shape, and a plurality of axial trapezoidal grooves are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 31.
  • a single trapezoidal groove forms a first anti-rotation portion 32.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 33 is an outer gear shape that cooperates with the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole 31.
  • the outer circumferential circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 33 uniformly aligns a plurality of axial trapezoidal teeth, and the single trapezoidal teeth form the second rotation preventing portion 34. .
  • the rotation preventing through hole 35 of the rotation preventing sleeve 33 has an inner gear shape
  • the rotation preventing shaft 37 of the screw 36 has an outer gear shape that cooperates with the inner gear type rotation preventing through hole 35.
  • a plurality of axial trapezoidal grooves are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the hole wall of the through hole 35, and the single trapezoidal groove forms a third torsion portion 38.
  • the plurality of axial trapezoidal teeth are evenly arranged in the outer circumferential direction of the rotation preventing shaft 37, and the single trapezoidal teeth form the fourth rotation preventing portion 39.
  • the first rotation preventing hole of the lock nut cooperates with the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve as a gear-shaped structure, and the inner circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve and the screw stop
  • the structure of the rotating shaft is a gear-shaped structure, so that the plurality of the first rotation stop portion, the second rotation stop portion, the third rotation stop portion, and the fourth rotation stop portion can be adjusted to adjust the first rotation stop portion and the fourth rotation stop portion.
  • the stop sleeve stopper is a snap ring 51.
  • two axial clamping recesses 53 which are symmetrical about the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 52 are provided.
  • a mounting portion 57 is disposed on an end surface of the rotation preventing shaft 55 of the screw 54 facing away from the resisting portion 56.
  • An annular locking groove 58 is formed on the outer circumference of the mounting portion 57. The locking groove 58 faces the side wall 59 of the rotation preventing shaft 55 and the rotation preventing shaft 55.
  • the end surface 60 is flush, so that when the snap ring 51 is axially restrained by the rotation preventing sleeve 52, there is no axial gap between the rotation preventing sleeve 52 and the lock nut 61 and the snap ring 51, and the rotation preventing sleeve 52 is not in the slot 58. It will move axially and greatly reduce noise in the case of large vibration.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the mounting portion 57 is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the rotation preventing shaft 55.
  • the snap ring 51 is mounted in the slot 58 to axially limit the side of the anti-rotation sleeve 52 that faces away from the abutment portion 56.
  • the stop sleeve stopper is a snap ring 71.
  • the screw 72 is provided with a resisting portion 73, a first male screw portion 76 and a rotation preventing shaft 77 that are engaged with the screw through holes 75 of the lock nut 74.
  • a counterbore 81 communicating with the through hole 80 is further provided on a side of the parent body 78 away from the attachment body 79, and a counterbore 83 communicating with the through hole 82 is further provided on a side of the attachment body 79 facing away from the parent body 78.
  • the first rotation preventing hole 84 includes a rotation preventing hole 86 that is engaged with the fourth rotation preventing portion 85 that is circumferentially arranged, and a light hole 87 that is connected to the rotation preventing hole 86 from the side of the mother body 78, and the hole wall of the light hole 87.
  • a card slot 88 is provided on the snap ring 71.
  • the aperture of the light hole 87 is larger than the maximum aperture of the rotation stop hole 86, and the side wall 89 of the card groove 88 facing the rotation stop hole 86 is flush with the bottom surface 90 of the light hole 87.
  • the first external thread portion 76 of the screw 72 passes through the counterbore 81 and the through hole 80 of the female body 78, the through hole 82 of the attachment body 79, and the counterbore 83 are screwed with the lock nut 74, and the resisting portion 73 axially resists the female body.
  • 78 is placed in the counterbore 81
  • the lock nut 74 axially resists the attachment 79 and is placed in the counterbore 83.
  • the screw 72 and the lock nut 74 securely couple the parent body 78 and the attachment body 79 together.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve 91 is mounted in the first rotation stop hole 84 of the lock nut 74.
  • the snap ring 71 is mounted in the slot 88 of the lock nut 74 and axially restrains the side of the rotation sleeve 91 away from the base 78.
  • the stop sleeve stopper is the buckle cover 101.
  • the buckle cover 101 includes a buckle cover body 102, and a cavity 103 in the buckle cover body 102 is disposed.
  • Four outwardly protruding resisting portions 104 are evenly distributed on the outer sidewall of the cavity 103, and two at each of the resisting portions 104.
  • a slot 105 is defined between the side and the outer side wall of the cavity 103.
  • Each of the abutting portion 104 and the cavity wall of the cavity 103 between the corresponding two slots 105 form an outer buckle elastic buckle 106.
  • a reinforcing rib 107 is provided on the inner side wall of the cavity 103.
  • the abutting portion 104 of the elastic buckle 106 of the buckle cover 101 is outwardly fastened in the slot 109 of the lock nut 108, and the end surface of the cavity 103 is axially restricted to the side of the rotation preventing sleeve 110 facing away from the mother body 111.
  • the stop sleeve stopper is the buckle cover 112.
  • the buckle cover 112 includes an annular cover body 113.
  • the cover body 113 is provided with a through hole 114.
  • the hole wall of the through hole 114 of the buckle cover body 113 is convexly formed on the same side and then bent.
  • Elastic buckle 115 The three elastic buckles 115 of the buckle cover 112 are mounted in the slot 116 to axially limit the side of the rotation sleeve 117 away from the base 118.
  • the side of the buckle cover 112 provided with the elastic buckle 115 faces away from the base 118.
  • a fastening connection structure includes a fastening connection assembly, a base body 121, and an attachment body 122.
  • a through hole 123 is defined in the body 121, and a through hole 124 is defined in the attached body 122.
  • the fastening connection assembly includes a screw 125, a lock nut 126, a rotation preventing sleeve 127, and a rotation preventing sleeve limiting member.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve limiting member is a resisting nut 128.
  • the lock nut 126 is provided with a threaded through hole 129 and a first rotation stop hole 130 communicating with the threaded through hole 129.
  • the minimum hole diameter of the first rotation stop hole 130 is larger than the diameter of the threaded through hole 129.
  • the first torsion portion 131 of the first rotation stop hole 130 is provided with a circumferentially arranged first rotation stop portion 131.
  • the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 130 is an intersecting structure in which two identical hexagonal holes of the same rotation are rotated by 30°, and twelve pointed grooves are formed on the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 130, each of which is concave.
  • the grooves are formed by two intersecting planes of regular hexagonal holes, and a pointed groove forms a first anti-rotation portion 131.
  • the outer circumference of the lock nut 126 is a regular hexagon.
  • the depth of the first rotation stop hole 130 is smaller than the thickness of the rotation preventing sleeve 127.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 127 is provided with an axial circular rotation preventing through hole 132, and the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 127 is provided with the first rotation preventing portion 131.
  • the second rotation stop portion 133 that is fitted and circumferentially arranged is provided with a third rotation stop portion 134 that is circumferentially arranged on the hole wall of the rotation stop through hole 132.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 127 is a positive hexagonal shape with a single regular hexagonal hole of the lock nut 126, and the six planes of the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 127 form six second rotation preventing portions 133 which are circumferentially arranged.
  • the wall of the hole of the through-stop hole 132 is provided with three circumferentially evenly distributed axial rotation preventing bars, and one of the rotation preventing bars forms a third rotation preventing portion 134.
  • the screw 125 is sequentially provided with a resisting portion 135 and a first external thread portion 136 that cooperates with the threaded through hole 129 of the lock nut 126.
  • the resisting portion 135 radially protrudes from the first male thread portion 136.
  • the first external thread portion 136 is provided with three axial rotation grooves that cooperate with the three rotation preventing bars on the rotation preventing sleeve 127, and one rotation preventing groove forms a fourth engagement with the third rotation preventing portion 134.
  • the rotation stop portion 137 is provided with a resisting portion 135 and a first external thread portion 136 that cooperates with the threaded through hole 129 of the lock nut 126.
  • the resisting portion 135 radially protrudes from the first male thread portion 136.
  • the first external thread portion 136 is provided with three axial rotation grooves that cooperate with the three rotation preventing bars on the rotation preventing sleeve 127, and one rotation preventing groove forms a fourth engagement with the third rotation
  • the first external thread portion 136 of the screw 125 is threadedly connected to the lock nut 126 through the through hole 123 of the base 121 and the through hole 124 of the attachment body 122.
  • the resisting portion 135 axially resists the base 121, and the lock nut 126 axially resists.
  • the attachment body 122, the screw 125 and the lock nut 126 fasten the female body 121 and the attachment body 122 together; the first external thread portion 136 of the fourth rotation preventing portion 137 extends into the first rotation of the lock nut 126 In the hole 130, the first rotation stop portion 131 of the lock nut 126 corresponds to the positional relationship of the fourth rotation stop portion 137 of the screw 125.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 127 is installed in the first rotation preventing portion 131 of the first rotation preventing hole 130 of the lock nut 126 and outside the fourth rotation preventing portion 137 of the screw 125, and the rotation preventing strip of the rotation preventing sleeve 127 extends into the screw 125.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 127 protrudes from the first rotation preventing hole 130
  • the first external thread portion 136 of the screw 125 protrudes from the rotation preventing sleeve 127
  • the resisting nut 128 is screwed to the first external thread portion 136.
  • the sleeve 127 is axially offset from the side of the parent body 121.
  • the first rotation stop portion 131 of the lock nut 126 and the second rotation stop portion 133 of the rotation preventing sleeve 127 cooperate with the restriction lock nut 126 to rotate relative to the rotation sleeve 127, and the third rotation stop portion 134 of the rotation sleeve 127 and the screw 125
  • the fourth rotation stop portion 137 cooperates with the restraining screw 125 to rotate relative to the rotation preventing sleeve 127, and the screw 125 and the lock nut 126 are non-rotatably mounted together.
  • the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole 151 has an internal gear shape, and the hole walls of the first rotation preventing hole 151 are uniformly arranged in the axial direction in the axial direction.
  • the trapezoidal groove, the single trapezoidal groove forms a first anti-rotation portion 152.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 153 is an outer gear shape that matches the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole 151.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 153 is uniformly arranged with a plurality of axial trapezoidal teeth, and the single trapezoidal teeth form the second rotation preventing portion 154. .
  • the thickness of the rotation preventing sleeve 153 is equal to the depth of the first rotation preventing hole 151.
  • Two circumscribed circular through holes 155 are provided on the rotation preventing sleeve 153 with respect to the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 153.
  • the resisting nut 156 is a standard piece hex nut.
  • the method of disassembling the fastening structure includes the following steps:
  • the resist nut 156 is separated from the first external thread portion 158 of the screw 157;
  • the clamping jaw 159 includes a left clamping body 160 and a right clamping body 161 which are rotatably pivoted together, and is clamped in the left clamping body 160.
  • the bottom surface of the end portion 162 is provided with a clamping protrusion 163.
  • the bottom surface of the clamping end portion 164 of the right caliper body 161 is provided with a clamping protrusion 165.
  • the clamping protrusion 163 and the clamping protrusion 165 are respectively connected to the clamping circle.
  • the hole 155 is engaged; the clamp 159 is opened, the clamping protrusion 163 is inserted into a clamping circular through hole 155, the clamping protrusion 165 is inserted into the other clamping circular through hole 155, and then the clamp 159 is closed.
  • the rotary sleeve 153 is taken out from the first rotation preventing hole 151;
  • the screw 157 is taken out from the attached body 166 and the mother body 167 to complete the disassembly of the fastening structure.
  • the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 190 is in the shape of an internal gear, and the hole walls of the first rotation stop hole 190 are uniformly arranged in the axial direction in a plurality of axial directions.
  • the trapezoidal groove, the single trapezoidal groove forms a first torsion portion 191.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 192 is an outer gear shape that cooperates with the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole 190.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 192 is uniformly arranged with a plurality of axial trapezoidal teeth, and the single trapezoidal teeth form the second rotation preventing portion 193. .
  • the thickness of the rotation preventing sleeve 192 is smaller than the depth of the first rotation preventing hole 190.
  • Two circumscribed circular through holes 203 are provided on the rotation preventing sleeve 192 with respect to the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 192.
  • the stop sleeve limiter is a buckle cover 194.
  • a card slot 201 is provided on the outer circumference of the lock nut 195.
  • the buckle cover 194 includes a positive hexagonal cover body 196.
  • the cover body 196 is provided with a receiving cavity 197 for receiving the lock nut 195, and six inwardly protruding holes are provided at the opening end of the receiving cavity 197.
  • the receiving portion 198 of the cavity wall of the cavity 197 is provided with a slot 199 between the two sides of each resisting portion 198 and the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 197, and the receiving portion 198 is accommodated between the corresponding two slots 199.
  • the cavity wall of the cavity 197 forms an elastic buckle 200 that is buckled.
  • the resisting portion 198 of the elastic buckle 200 is buckled inwardly in the slot 201 of the lock nut 195 to axially limit the side of the rotation preventing sleeve 192 away from the mother body 202.
  • the locking nut 195 is partially received in the capacity of the buckle cover 194. Placed inside cavity 197.
  • the mounting portion 222 is provided on the end surface of the first male screw portion 221, and the circumferential latching groove 223 is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting portion 222.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the 222 is smaller than the bottom diameter of the first male screw portion 221.
  • a cavity 226 is disposed on a side of the buckle cover 224 facing the base 225.
  • four inwardly engaging elastic buckles 227 that cooperate with the card slots 223 are protruded.
  • the outer diameter of the annular end surface 229 of the cavity wall 228 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the rotation sleeve 230, and the inner diameter is larger than the minimum inner diameter of the rotation sleeve 230. This ensures that the annular end surface 229 can withstand the back surface of the rotation sleeve 230 away from the base 225. On the end face.
  • the elastic buckle 227 of the buckle cover 224 is fastened in the slot 223 of the mounting portion 222 of the screw.
  • the annular end surface 229 of the cavity wall 228 abuts against the end surface of the rotation sleeve 230 away from the base 225 in the axial direction of the rotation sleeve 230. Limit.
  • the lock nut 251 includes a nut body 252.
  • the outer periphery of the nut body 252 is provided with a resisting convex ring 253, and both sides of the nut body 252 are axially convex. Resist the convex ring 253.
  • the buckle cover 254 includes a positive hexagonal cover body 255.
  • the cover body 255 is provided with a cavity 256 for receiving the lock nut 251.
  • the bottom surface of the cavity 256 is provided with a through hole 257 for avoiding the screw.
  • the end surface of the opening end of 256 is provided with six vertical open end end faces convexly bent outwardly and then the end face of the vertical open end is bent convex 258, and the resisting portion is radially convex on the inward facing surface of the convex strip 258 259, a rib 258 and the abutment portion 259 thereon form an elastic snap 260.
  • the buckle body 255 and the elastic buckle 260 form a receiving cavity 261 that cooperates with the retaining ring 253 of the lock nut 251 and the nut body 252 of the retaining ring 253 away from the mother side.
  • the side of the lock nut 251 facing away from the first rotation stop hole protrudes from the axial length of the resisting collar 253 by more than the axial length of the resisting portion 259 on the buckle cover 254, so that the buckle cover 254 has sufficient space for the lock to be locked.
  • the nut 251 is resisted on the convex ring 253.
  • the resisting portion 259 of the elastic buckle 260 is buckled inwardly on the resisting convex ring 253 of the lock nut 251 to axially limit the side of the rotation preventing sleeve away from the resisting portion 259, and the partial nut body 252 and the resisting convex ring 253 are accommodated in the axial direction.
  • the receiving cover 261 of the cover 254 is inside.
  • the lock nut 281 has a stepped shape in which one step portion is provided.
  • the buckle cover 282 includes a positive hexagonal cover body 283.
  • the cover body 283 is provided with a cavity 284 for receiving the lock nut 281.
  • the bottom surface of the cavity 284 is provided with a through hole 286 for avoiding the screw 285.
  • the end surface of the opening end of the cavity 284 is provided with six vertical open end end faces which are convexly curved outwardly and then bent inwardly and then bent at the end of the vertical open end, and the end of the convex strip 287 is inwardly curved.
  • a resisting portion 288 is radially protruded from the surface, and a rib 287 and a resisting portion 288 thereon form an elastic buckle 289.
  • the buckle body 283 and the elastic buckle 289 form an accommodation space 290 that cooperates with the large end of the lock nut 281.
  • the step surface of the lock nut 281 is an abutting surface that cooperates with the abutting portion 288 of the elastic buckle 289.
  • the step surface of the lock nut 281 and the outer peripheral surface of the small end of the lock nut 281 form a resisting portion 288 for receiving the elastic buckle 289.
  • the resisting portion 288 of the elastic buckle 289 is axially buckled on the step surface of the lock nut 281 to axially limit the side of the rotation preventing sleeve 292 away from the resisting portion 288.
  • the large end of the locking nut 281 is received by the buckle cover 282.
  • the accommodation space 290 is inside.
  • the lock nut 301 has a stepped shape in which one step portion is provided.
  • the buckle cover 302 includes a positive hexagonal buckle cover body 303.
  • the buckle cover body 303 is provided with a cavity 304 for receiving the lock nut 301.
  • the bottom surface of the cavity 304 is provided with a through hole 306 for avoiding the screw 305.
  • An end surface of the opening end of the cavity 304 is provided with six convex ends 307 protruding from the end faces of the vertically open ends, and a resisting portion 309 is radially protruded on the inwardly facing surface of the protruding strips 307, a rib 307 and the upper portion thereof
  • the resisting portion 309 forms an elastic buckle 310.
  • the buckle body 303 and the elastic buckle 310 form a receiving cavity 311 that cooperates with the large end of the lock nut 301.
  • the step surface 312 of the lock nut 301 is an abutting surface that cooperates with the abutting portion 309 of the elastic buckle 310.
  • the step surface 312 of the lock nut 301 and the outer peripheral surface of the small end of the lock nut 301 form a resisting portion for receiving the elastic buckle 310.
  • the resisting portion 309 of the elastic buckle 310 is buckled inwardly on the step surface 312 of the lock nut 301 to axially limit the side of the rotation preventing sleeve 314 away from the resisting portion 309.
  • the large end of the locking nut 301 is received in the buckle cover 302.
  • the accommodating cavity 311 is inside.
  • the slewing sleeve stopper is a snap ring 351.
  • a mounting portion 354 is disposed on an end surface of the first male screw portion 353 of the screw 352, and an annular locking groove 355 is disposed on an outer circumference of the mounting portion 354, and the locking groove 355 is adjacent to the sidewall of the first male screw portion 353 and The end surface of an external thread portion 353 is flush, so that the snap ring 351 is opposite to the rotation sleeve
  • the 356 is axially restrained, there is no axial gap between the rotation preventing sleeve 356 and the lock nut 357 and the snap ring 351.
  • the rotation sleeve 356 does not move axially in the slot 355, and the noise is greatly reduced in the case of large vibration.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the mounting portion 354 is smaller than the bottom diameter of the first male screw portion 353.
  • the snap ring 351 is mounted in the slot 355 to axially limit the side of the anti-rotation sleeve 356 away from the parent body 358.
  • the fastening connection assembly includes a screw 371, a lock nut 372, and a rotation preventing sleeve 373.
  • the screw 371 is provided with a resisting portion 374, a first male screw portion 376 and a rotation preventing shaft 377 which are engaged with the threaded through holes 375 of the lock nut 372.
  • the fixing sleeve 373 and the first rotation preventing hole 378 of the locking nut 372 are filled with a fixing glue 379.
  • the fixing rubber 379 fixes the rotation preventing sleeve 373 in the first rotation preventing hole 378 to axially limit the rotation preventing sleeve 373.
  • the anti-rotation sleeve stopper is an elastic rubber cap 393.
  • the lock nut 391 is provided with a receiving circular hole 394 for avoiding the rubber cap 393 coaxially and in communication with the first rotation stop hole 392.
  • the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 392 has an inner gear shape, and a plurality of axial triangular grooves are evenly arranged circumferentially on the hole wall of the first rotation stop hole 392, and a single triangular groove forms a first rotation stop portion 395.
  • the outer circumference of the lock nut 391 has a spline shape, and the outer circumference of the lock nut 391 is radially protruded from the end of the receiving circular hole 394 to resist the convex ring 396.
  • the depth of the first rotation stop hole 392 is equal to the thickness of the rotation preventing sleeve 397.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 397 is an outer gear shape that cooperates with the hole wall of the first rotation preventing hole 392.
  • the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 397 is uniformly arranged with a plurality of axial triangular teeth, and the single triangular teeth form the second rotation preventing portion 398. .
  • On the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 397 two axial clamping recesses 399 for arranging the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 397 for detaching the rotation preventing sleeve 397 are provided.
  • the clamping recess 399 is formed by opposing faces of the triangular teeth and arcuate faces connecting the opposite faces of the triangular teeth.
  • the wall of the hole of the through hole 400 includes a wall of a circular arc wall larger than 180° and a wall connecting the arc walls, and the plane wall connecting the arc walls forms a third rotation stop 402.
  • the screw 403 is sequentially provided with a first external thread portion 407 in which the resisting portion 404 and the optical rod portion 405 are engaged with the threaded through holes 406 of the lock nut 391.
  • the first external thread portion 407 is provided with a flat fourth rotation preventing portion 408 that cooperates with the third rotation preventing portion 402 of the plane of the rotation preventing through hole 400 of the rotation preventing sleeve 397, and is provided with the fourth rotation preventing portion 408.
  • the outer circumference of the first male screw portion 407 is engaged with the rotation preventing through hole 400.
  • the rubber cap 393 includes a cylindrical portion 409 whose outer circumference is engaged with the receiving circular hole 394 of the rotation preventing sleeve 397 and a spherical portion 410 connected to the end surface of one end of the cylindrical portion 409, and is disposed at the axial center position of the other end of the cylindrical portion 409.
  • a blind hole 411 in which the first male screw portion 407 of the screw 403 is engaged is provided with an annular elastic resist ring 401 protruding from the hole wall of the blind hole 411.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 397 is installed in the first rotation preventing hole 392 of the lock nut 391 and the screw 403 is provided with the first external thread portion 407 of the fourth rotation preventing portion 408.
  • the rubber cap 393 is elastically deformed to tightly fit the resisting ring 401.
  • the ground sleeve is limited to one side of the first outer threaded portion 407 to the one of the rotation preventing sleeve 397, and the cylindrical portion 409 of the rubber cap 393 is received in the receiving circular hole 394 of the lock nut 391.
  • the rubber cap 393 covers the first toil hole 392.
  • the rotation preventing through hole 400 of the rotation preventing sleeve 397 is engaged with the first external thread portion 407 of the screw 403 provided with the fourth rotation preventing portion 408 so that the third rotation preventing portion 402 of the plane of the rotation preventing sleeve 397 and the plane of the screw 403 are
  • the four rotation stop portions 408 are fitted to the restraining screw 403 to rotate relative to the rotation preventing sleeve 397, and the screw 403 and the lock nut 391 are non-rotatably mounted together.
  • the fourth rotation preventing portion 428 is an axial rotation preventing groove provided on the first male screw portion 426, and the rotation preventing groove is a cutting groove, and the cross section is V.
  • the shape is gradually reduced from the rear end of the screw 425 to the abutting portion of the screw 425;
  • the third rotation stop portion 424 of the rotation preventing sleeve 421 is an axial rotation preventing bar protruding from the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole 422.
  • the rotation stop strip forms a concave-convex fit with the rotation stop groove.
  • the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole 431 is composed of two plane walls which are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 432 and two arcuate walls which connect the two plane walls.
  • the first external thread portion 434 is provided with a planar fourth rotation preventing portion 436 that engages with the two planar third rotation preventing portions 435 of the rotation preventing through hole 431 of the rotation preventing sleeve 432, and is provided with a fourth rotation preventing portion.
  • the outer circumference of the first male screw portion 434 of the 436 is engaged with the rotation preventing through hole 431.
  • the fastening structure is different from that of the eighth embodiment in that three conical support portions 442 that axially protrude from the rotation preventing sleeve 441 are uniformly distributed on one end surface of the rotation preventing sleeve 441. Only one rotation preventing strip 444 is provided on the wall of the hole of the through hole 443.
  • the rotation sleeve 441 is mounted in the first rotation preventing hole 446 of the lock nut 445 and the screw 447 is provided with the first external thread portion 448 of the rotation preventing strip 444, and the support portion 442 of the rotation preventing sleeve 441 is supported at the first rotation stop
  • the bottom of the hole 446 causes the bottom surface of the rotation preventing sleeve 441 and the first rotation preventing hole 446 to be taken out for the removal of the rotation preventing sleeve 441 for the removal of a holding hook such as a clamp (not shown) through the clamping hole 449.
  • the space 450 is such that the clamping force of the clamp holding the rotation preventing sleeve 441 is greatly increased, and the rotation preventing sleeve 441 can be taken out from the locking nut 445 when the fastening connection assembly is removed.
  • the lock nut 461 is sequentially provided with a threaded through hole 462, and the clamped circular through hole 463 communicating with the threaded through hole 462 is in communication with the clamped circular through hole 463.
  • the first rotation stop hole 464 of the inner gear shape has a smaller aperture than the threaded through hole 462, and the minimum aperture of the first rotation stop hole 464 is larger than the aperture of the first rotation stop hole 464.
  • the rotation preventing sleeve 465 is installed in the first rotation preventing hole 464 of the lock nut 461 and the screw 466 is provided with the first external thread portion outer portion 468 of the rotation preventing strip 467, and one end surface of the rotation preventing sleeve 465 is supported by the first rotation preventing hole On the bottom surface of the 464, between the rotation preventing sleeve 465 and the clamping circular through hole 463, a take-out space 471 for the clamping hook of the clamp 472 to enter through the clamping hole 469 is formed when the rotation preventing sleeve 465 is removed, so that the clamping jaw is clamped.
  • the clamping force of the retaining sleeve 465 is greatly increased, ensuring that the retaining sleeve 465 can be removed from the lock nut 461 when the fastening assembly is removed.
  • the method of disassembling the fastening structure includes the following steps:
  • the resist nut 470 is first separated from the first outer threaded portion 468 of the screw 466; the retaining sleeve 465 is then removed from the first anti-rotation hole 464 by the clamp 472: the clamp 472 includes rotatably pivotally coupled together
  • the left caliper body 473 and the right caliper body 474 are provided with a left clamping protrusion 475 on the bottom surface of the clamping end portion of the left caliper body 473, and a right clamping protrusion column on the bottom surface of the clamping end portion of the right caliper body 474.
  • the common outer diameter is smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the clamping circular through hole 463 of the rotation preventing sleeve 465; the clamping clamp 472 is opened, and the left clamping hook 477 is inserted into the locking circular through hole 463 into the rotation preventing sleeve 465 and the clamping circular through
  • the right clamping hook 478 passes through the other clamping circular through hole 463 and protrudes into the take-out space 471 between the rotation preventing sleeve 465 and the clamping circular through hole 463, and then the clamp 472 is gathered.
  • the mother body 481 is provided with a blind hole 482.
  • the fastening connection assembly also includes an expansion sleeve 483 of unitary construction.
  • a drive taper surface 486 that drives the expansion sleeve 483 to expand is provided on the outer circumference of the resisting portion 485 of the screw 484.
  • a through hole 488 that engages with the polished rod portion 487 of the screw 484 is provided on the expansion sleeve 483, and an axial groove 489 is communicated with one end surface of the expansion sleeve 483, the outer side surface, and the through hole 488.
  • Two axially-shaped clamping recesses 495 are provided on the outer circumference of the rotation preventing sleeve 494 with respect to the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 494.
  • the screw 484 is provided with a through hole 488 of the first external thread portion 490 passing through the expansion sleeve 483.
  • the resisting portion 485 of the screw 484 and the expansion sleeve 483 are mounted in the blind hole 482 on the base 481.
  • the screw 484 is provided with the first outer portion.
  • One end of the threaded portion 490 is threadedly connected to the lock nut 493 through the through hole 492 of the attachment body 491, and the drive cone surface 486 and the end wall of the through hole 488 of the expansion sleeve 483 are provided with an opening of the slot 489 to expand and expand.
  • the screw 513 includes a resisting portion 507, a polished rod portion 508, and a first male screw portion 514.
  • a drive tapered surface 510 that drives the expansion sleeve 509 to expand is provided on the outer circumference of the abutting portion 507 of the screw 513.
  • the hole wall of the through hole 511 is provided with three circumferentially evenly distributed axial rotation preventing bars, and one of the rotation preventing bars forms a third rotation preventing portion 512.
  • the first external thread portion 514 of the screw 513 is provided with three axial rotation grooves that cooperate with the three rotation preventing bars on the rotation preventing sleeve 515, and one rotation preventing groove forms a matching with the third rotation preventing portion 512.
  • the mother body 531 is provided with a blind hole 532.
  • the fastening connection assembly further includes a three-lobed expansion member 533 and a wire spring 534.
  • the expansion member 533 includes an expansion member body 535, an expansion tapered surface 537 and an expansion tapered surface 538 respectively disposed on the inner circumference of the expansion member body 535, and a wire spring receiving groove 539 disposed on the outer periphery of the expansion member body 535;
  • the wire spring 534 is mounted in the wire spring receiving groove 539 to hold the three-valve expansion member 533 together to form an expansion sleeve 541.
  • a drive taper surface 544 that expands the drive expansion sleeve 541 and engages with the expansion taper surface 537 is provided on the outer circumference of the resisting portion 543 of the screw 542.
  • the lock nut 545 includes a cylindrical abutting portion 546, a cylindrical connecting portion 547 connected to the end surface of the resisting portion 546, and a large end connected to the connecting portion 547 for driving the expansion sleeve 541 to expand and cooperate with the expansion taper surface 538.
  • the conical drive cone 548 has a resisting portion 546 that projects radially from the connecting portion 547.
  • the axial center position of the lock nut 545 is provided with a threaded through hole 550 that cooperates with the first external threaded portion 549 and a first rotation preventing hole 551 that communicates with the threaded through hole 550.
  • the first external thread portion 549 of the screw 542 passes through the expansion sleeve 541, and the resisting portion 543 of the screw 542 and the expansion sleeve 541 are mounted in the blind hole 532 on the female body 531; the first external thread portion 549 of the screw 542 passes through the attached body.
  • the through hole 553 of the 552 is screwed to the lock nut 545; the driving taper surface 544 is slidably driven by the taper surface 537 to expand the expansion sleeve 541, and the driving taper surface 548 is slidably driven by the taper surface 538 to expand and expand.
  • the sleeve 541 is fully inflated, the expansion friction between the expansion sleeve 541 and the base 531 fixes the expansion sleeve 541 in the hole of the base 531, and the driving cone 544 on the resisting portion 543 of the screw 542 is expanded by the expansion sleeve 541.
  • the surface 537 is axially resisted, and the attachment body 552 is resisted by the abutting portion 546 of the lock nut 545.
  • the screw 542, the expansion sleeve 541 and the lock nut 545 fasten the female body 531 and the attachment body 552 together; the rotation shaft 554 of the screw 542
  • the first rotation stop portion 555 of the lock nut 545 is disposed in the first rotation stop hole 551 of the lock nut 545, and the fourth rotation end portion of the screw 542 is in a positional relationship 556.
  • the screw 573 includes a resisting portion 567, a polished rod portion 568, and a first male screw portion 574.
  • a drive tapered surface 569 is provided on the outer circumference of the abutting portion 567 of the screw 573.
  • the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole 571 of the rotation preventing sleeve 570 is provided with three circumferentially evenly distributed axial rotation preventing bars, and one of the rotation preventing bars forms a third rotation preventing portion 572.
  • Two clamping holes 576 for detaching the rotation preventing sleeve 570 are provided on the outer circumferential end surface of the rotation preventing through hole 571 in the axial direction which is symmetrical with respect to the axis of the rotation preventing sleeve 570.
  • the first external thread portion 574 of the screw 573 is provided with three axial rotation preventing grooves which are matched with the three rotation preventing bars on the rotation preventing sleeve 570, and one rotation preventing groove forms a matching with the third rotation preventing portion 572.
  • the fourth rotation stop 575 The third rotation stop portion 572 of the rotation preventing sleeve 570 projects into the fourth rotation stop portion 575 of the screw 573 to restrain the screw 573 from rotating relative to the rotation preventing sleeve 570.
  • the mother body 591 is provided with a blind hole 592.
  • the fastening connection assembly further includes an expansion member 593 having the same three-lobed structure, a wire spring 594, a wire spring 595, and a drive nut 596.
  • the expansion member 593 includes an expansion member body 597, and a wedge-shaped abutting portion 598 and a wire spring receiving groove 599, which are radially protruded from the outer periphery of the expansion member body 597, and the wire spring receiving groove 600 are respectively disposed on the expansion member body 597.
  • the first expansion tapered surface 601 and the second expansion tapered surface 602 on the inner circumference of both ends are connected to the cylindrical curved surface 603 of the first expansion tapered surface 601 and the second expansion tapered surface 602, and are mounted by the wire spring 594
  • the wire spring receiving groove 599 is installed in the wire spring receiving groove 600 through the wire spring 595 to hold the three-valve expansion member 593 together to form an expansion sleeve 604; the corresponding resisting portion 598 on the expansion sleeve 604 is circumferentially distributed to form a disconnected independent ring.
  • the single wedge-shaped abutment 598 on the expansion member 593 has a triangular cross section.
  • the screw 605 includes a cylindrical abutting portion 606, a conical abutting portion 607 having a large end connected to the abutting portion 606, a cylindrical connecting portion 608 connected to the small end of the abutting portion 607, and a small end connected to the connecting portion 608.
  • a fourth rotation preventing portion 613 is provided on the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft 611, and the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft 611 has a spline shape.
  • An axial rib on the outer circumference of the rotation preventing shaft 611 forms a fourth rotation preventing portion 613.
  • the resisting portion 606 is radially outwardly opposed to the blocking portion 607.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the rotation preventing shaft 611 is less than or equal to the thread bottom diameter of the first external thread portion 610 and larger than the maximum outer diameter of the external thread portion 612.
  • the drive nut 596 includes a cylindrical abutting portion 614, a conical abutting portion 615 having a large end connected to the end surface of the abutting portion 614, a cylindrical connecting portion 616 connected to the small end of the abutting portion 615, and a conical portion connecting the large end to the connecting portion 616.
  • the second driving cone surface 617 of the shape, the resisting portion 614 radially protrudes from the large end of the resisting portion 615.
  • the axial position of the drive nut 596 is provided with An externally threaded portion 610 is fitted with a threaded hole 622.
  • the end surface of the resisting portion 614 is provided with six pairs of circular holding holes 618 which are axially symmetrical with respect to the driving nut 596.
  • An annular wedge-shaped abutment groove 619 is formed on the hole wall of the blind hole 592 of the mother body 591.
  • the single wedge-shaped abutment groove 619 has a triangular cross section; the attachment body 620 is provided with a through hole 621.
  • the aperture of the through hole 621 on the appendage 620 is smaller than the aperture of the blind hole 592 on the parent body 591.
  • the first external thread portion 610 of the screw 605 is threadedly coupled to the threaded hole 622 of the drive nut 596 through the expansion sleeve 604, the abutting portion 606 of the screw 605, the abutting portion 607, the connecting portion 608, the first driving tapered surface 609, and the portion first
  • the male threaded portion 610, the expansion sleeve 604, and the drive nut 596 are mounted in the blind hole 592 on the female body 591; in the unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve 604, the first expansion tapered surface 601 of the expansion sleeve 604 is firstly engaged with the screw 605 On the driving taper surface 609, the second expansion taper surface 602 of the expansion sleeve 604 is hugged on the second driving cone surface 617 of the drive nut 596.
  • the first driving taper surface 609 slides relative to the first expanding taper surface 601, and the second driving taper surface 617 slides relative to the second expanding taper surface 602 to drive the expansion sleeve 604 to expand.
  • one end of the expanding sleeve 604 The end face resists the abutting portion 606 of the screw 605, and the first driving taper surface 609 of the screw 605 is placed in the cylindrical curved surface 603 of the expansion sleeve 604 over the first expansion taper surface 601; the end surface of the other end of the expansion sleeve 604 is resisted
  • the second drive taper 617 of the drive nut 596 is placed over the cylindrical curved surface 603 of the expansion sleeve 604 over the second expansion taper 602; the wedge-shaped resisting portion 598 extends into the corresponding wedge-shaped resist In the groove 619, the surface and the surface resist each other to
  • the first externally threaded portion 610 of the screw 605 is threadedly coupled to the lock nut 623 through a through hole 621 in the attachment 620.
  • the lock nut 623 axially resists the attachment 620, and the screw 605, the expansion sleeve 604 and the lock nut 623 will The parent body 591 and the appendage 620 are fastened together.
  • the screw 643 includes a cylindrical abutting portion, a conical abutting portion where the large end is connected to the abutting portion, and a cylindrical connection to the small end of the abutting portion. a conical first driving taper surface connected to the connecting portion and a first external thread portion 644 connected to the small end of the first driving taper.
  • the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole 641 of the rotation preventing sleeve 640 is provided with three circumferentially evenly distributed axial rotation preventing bars, and one of the rotation preventing bars forms a third rotation preventing portion 642.
  • the first external thread portion 644 of the screw 643 is provided with three axial rotation preventing grooves which are matched with the three rotation preventing bars on the rotation preventing sleeve 640, and one rotation preventing groove forms a matching with the third rotation preventing portion 642.
  • the fourth rotation stop portion 645 The third rotation stop portion 642 of the rotation preventing sleeve 640 projects into the fourth rotation stop portion 645 of the screw 643 to restrain the rotation of the screw 643 relative to the rotation preventing sleeve 640.
  • a track structure includes a fastening connection assembly, an insulation cushion plate 661, an iron pad lower adjustment plate 662, an iron pad 663, a rail under-pad 664, a guide rail 665, and an insulation.
  • the spring bar is a W-shaped spring bar.
  • the fastening connection assembly is different from the first embodiment in that the screw 668 includes a first external thread portion 669, a polished rod portion 670, and a rotation preventing abutting portion 671, and two axially symmetric about the screw 668 are provided on the rotation preventing abutting portion 671.
  • Turn plane 672 The outer circumference of the positive hexagon of the lock nut 678 is convexly provided to resist the convex ring 673.
  • a resisting projection 675 is disposed on both sides of the guide rail 665 on the iron pad 663.
  • a through hole 676 and a spring support portion 682 that are engaged with the first male screw portion 669 are sequentially disposed on the outer side of each of the side resisting projections 675.
  • the bottom surface of the iron pad 663 is provided with a rotation preventing groove 677 which communicates with the through hole 676 and cooperates with the resisting portion 671.
  • the insulating cushion pad 661 is mounted on the foundation.
  • the iron pad 663 lower height adjusting plate 662 is mounted on the insulating cushion plate 661.
  • the iron pad plate 663 is mounted on the iron pad plate 663 to raise the pad 662, and the rail under the pad 664.
  • Mounted on the iron pad 663, the rail 665 is mounted on the under-rail pad 664.
  • the under-rail pad 664 and the guide rail 665 are disposed between the two resisting protrusions 675; the insulating blocks 666 are respectively installed between the two sides of the guide rail 665 and the two resisting protrusions 675 of the iron pad 663, and the two sides of the iron pad 663 are resisted.
  • the convex portion 675 limits the insulating blocks 666 on both sides, and the insulating blocks 666 on both sides limit the two sides of the guiding rail 665.
  • the rotation preventing abutting portion 671 of the screw 668 passes through the through hole 676 on the iron pad 663 from the top to the bottom and is rotatably installed in the rotation preventing groove 677.
  • the iron pad 663 is disposed between the resisting protrusion 675 and the elastic bar supporting portion 682 on the same side as the through hole 676.
  • the first external thread portion 669 passes upward through the elastic bar 667, and the elastic bar 667 is supported on the corresponding insulating block.
  • the first external thread portion 669 protrudes from the elastic rod 667 and is screwed with the threaded through hole 679 of the lock nut 678, and the rotation preventing resist portion 671 axially resists the iron pad 663, and the lock nut 678
  • One end of the ring-shaped convex ring 673 is axially resisted by the elastic rod 667, and the screw
  • the 668 and the lock nut 678 fasten the iron pad 663 and the spring bar 667 together; the rotation preventing abutment portion 671 and the rotation preventing groove 677 cooperate with the restraining screw 668 to rotate relative to the iron pad 663.
  • the lock nut 678, the rotation preventing sleeve 680, and the resisting nut 681 have the same structure and mounting relationship as the lock nut, the rotation preventing sleeve, and the resisting nut of the first embodiment.
  • a track structure includes a fastening connection assembly, a pre-embedded bushing 700 in the pre-buried foundation 674, an insulating cushion plate 661 installed in order from the bottom to the top, and an iron pad lowering height pad.
  • the fastening connection assembly differs from the embodiment 25 in that only one annular abutment portion 703 is provided on the outer circumference of the expansion member body 702.
  • the insulating cushion plate 661 and the iron pad lower adjusting plate 662, the iron pad 663 and the flat pad 701 are respectively provided with one-to-one corresponding through holes 704, through holes 705, through holes 706 and through holes 707.
  • the pre-embedded sleeve 700 is pre-buried in a blind hole on the foundation 674 corresponding to the through hole 706 of the iron pad 663, and a blind hole 708 is provided in the pre-embedded bushing 700, and the hole wall of the pre-embedded bushing 700 is provided.
  • the through hole 704 of the insulating cushion plate 661, the through hole 705 of the iron pad lower adjusting pad 662, the through hole 706 on the iron pad 663, and the blind hole 708 on the pre-embedded bushing 700 have the same aperture, which is larger than the flat pad.
  • the first external thread portion 711 of the screw 710 is screwed to the drive nut 713 through the expansion sleeve 712, the abutting portion 714 of the screw 710, the abutting portion 715, the connecting portion 716, the first driving tapered surface 717, and a portion of the first external thread portion 711 And the expansion sleeve 712 and the drive nut 713 are mounted in the blind hole 708 on the pre-embedded sleeve 700.
  • the resisting portion 703 of the expansion sleeve 712 extends into the resisting groove 709 of the pre-embedded sleeve 700, and the surface and the surface resist each other to form a snap.
  • the resisting portion 703 on the expansion sleeve 712 is pre-embedded.
  • the upper resisting groove 709 of the 700 is axially resisted, and the screw 710, the expansion sleeve 712, and the driving nut 713 are fixedly coupled with the pre-embedded sleeve 700, and the resisting portion 714 of the screw 710 is axially resisted by the expansion sleeve 712.
  • the first external thread portion 711 of the screw 710 passes through the through hole 704 of the insulating cushion plate 661, the through hole 705 of the iron pad lower adjustment pad 662, the through hole 706 on the iron pad 663, and the flat pad 701.
  • the through hole 707 is screwed to the lock nut 718, the lock nut 718 axially resists the flat block 701, and the screw 710, the expansion sleeve 712 and the lock nut 718 will pre-embed the sleeve 700 and the insulating cushion plate 661, the iron pad
  • the high-pad 662 iron pad 663 and the flat pad 701 are fastened and connected together.
  • the lock nut 718, the rotation preventing sleeve 719, and the resisting nut 720 have the same structure and mounting relationship as the lock nut, the rotation preventing sleeve, and the resisting nut of the first embodiment.
  • the difference from the embodiment 27 is that the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole 742 of the rotation preventing sleeve 741 is a circular hole, and the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole 742 is provided with a radial protrusion.
  • the strip 743, a stop strip 743, forms a third anti-rotation portion 744.
  • the screw 745 includes a rotation preventing abutting portion 746, a polished rod portion 747, and a first external thread portion 750 that cooperates with a threaded through hole 749 of the lock nut 748.
  • the first external thread portion 750 of the screw 745 is provided with a rotation preventing sleeve 741.
  • the rotation preventing groove 743 of the rotation preventing strip 743 cooperates with the axial rotation preventing groove 751, and the rotation preventing groove 751 forms a fourth rotation preventing portion 752 which cooperates with the third rotation preventing portion 744.
  • a bone connecting device includes a fastening connection assembly and a connecting member 791.
  • the fastening connection assembly is the same as in the embodiment 9.
  • the through hole 792 on the connecting member 791 corresponds to the screw 796, the lock nut 798, the rotation preventing sleeve 799, and the buckle cover 800.
  • the through hole 793 on the connecting member 791 corresponds to the screw 801, the lock nut 802, the rotation preventing sleeve 803, and the buckle cover 804.
  • the through hole 794 on the connecting member 791 corresponds to the screw 805, the lock nut 806, the rotation preventing sleeve 807, and the buckle cover 808.
  • the through hole 795 on the connecting member 791 corresponds to the screw 809, the lock nut 810, the rotation preventing sleeve 811, and the buckle cover 812.
  • the first external thread portion 797 of the screw 796 is threadedly connected to the lock nut 798 through the through hole 792 of the connecting member 791, and the first external thread portion 814 of the screw 801 passes through the through hole 793 of the connecting member 791.
  • the broken bone 813 is screwed to the lock nut 802.
  • the screw 796 and the lock nut 798, the screw 801 and the lock nut 802 securely connect the broken bone 813 with the connector 791.
  • the first external thread portion 815 of the screw 805 passes through the through hole 794, the broken bone 817 and the lock nut 806 on the connecting member 791. Threaded, the first male threaded portion 816 of the screw 809 is threaded through the through hole 795, the broken bone 817 of the connector 791, and the lock nut 810, the screw 805 and the lock nut 806, the screw 809 and the lock nut 810 will The broken bone 817 is fastened to the connector 791.
  • the bone joining method of the bone connecting device comprises the following steps:
  • the first male threaded portion 797 of the screw 796 is threadedly connected to the lock nut 798 through the through hole 792 and the broken bone 813 of the connecting member 791, and the first male threaded portion 814 of the screw 801 is passed through the connecting member 791.
  • the hole 793, the broken bone 813 are screwed to the lock nut 802, and the screw 796 and the lock nut 798, the screw 801 and the lock nut 802 fasten the broken bone 813 and the connecting piece 791 together.
  • the first external thread portion 815 of the screw 805 is threadedly connected to the lock nut 806 through the through hole 794 and the broken bone 817 of the connecting member 791.
  • the first external thread portion 816 of the screw 809 passes through the through hole in the connecting member 791. 795, the broken bone 817 is screwed with the lock nut 810, and the screw 805 and the lock nut 806, the screw 809 and the lock nut 810 fasten the broken bone 817 and the connecting member 791 together.
  • the lock nut, the rotation sleeve, and the resist nut that are mounted together with the corresponding screw are identical to the lock nut, the rotation sleeve, and the resist nut of the embodiment 10.
  • the crankshaft link mechanism includes a fastening connection assembly, a crankshaft 941, and a link set.
  • the fastening joint assembly is different from the first embodiment in that a stop plane 944 is provided on the abutting portion 943 of the screw 942.
  • the link set includes a link body 951, a link head cover 952, and a link large head bush 953.
  • the link body 951 includes a link head 945 and a link head 946.
  • a through hole 954 is defined in the connecting rod big head 945, and a through hole 955 is arranged in the connecting rod big head cover 952.
  • the connecting rod big head bearing 953 is enclosed outside the crankshaft 941, and the connecting rod big head 945 and the connecting rod big head cover 952 are enclosed outside the connecting rod big head bearing 953; the first external thread portion 947 of the screw 942 passes through the connecting rod big head 945.
  • the through hole 955 of the hole 954 and the connecting rod big head cover 952 is screwed with the lock nut 948, and the rotation preventing surface 944 of the resisting portion 943 of the screw 942 abuts against the connecting rod big head 945, and the screw 942 and the connecting rod big head 945 are not rotatable.
  • the resisting portion 943 axially resists the connecting rod head 945
  • the locking nut 948 axially resists the connecting rod head cover 952
  • the screw 942 and the lock nut 948 fasten the connecting rod big head 945 and the connecting rod big head cover 952 Together.
  • the lock nut 948, the rotation preventing sleeve 949, and the resisting nut 950 have the same structure and installation relationship as the lock nut, the rotation preventing sleeve and the resisting nut of the first embodiment.
  • the screw 973 includes a resisting portion 968, a polished rod portion 969, and a first male screw portion first male screw portion 974.
  • the hole wall of the rotation preventing through hole 971 of the rotation preventing sleeve 970 is provided with three circumferentially evenly distributed axial rotation preventing bars, and one of the rotation preventing bars forms a third rotation preventing portion 972.
  • the first external thread portion 974 of the screw 973 is provided with three axial rotation preventing grooves which are matched with the three rotation preventing bars on the rotation preventing sleeve 970, and one rotation preventing groove forms a matching with the third rotation preventing portion 972.
  • the fourth rotation stop portion 975 is provided.
  • the third rotation stop portion 972 of the rotation sleeve 970 extends into the fourth rotation stop portion 975 of the screw 973 to restrain the screw 973 from rotating relative to the rotation sleeve 970.

Abstract

一种紧固连接组件及结构,紧固连接组件的安装及拆卸方法,包含该紧固连接组件的轨道结构、曲轴连杆机构、骨连接装置,以及包含该紧固连接组件的骨连接装置的骨连接方法,该紧固连接结构包括母体(1)、附体(2)、紧固连接组件;紧固连接组件包括螺杆(5)、锁紧螺母(6)、止转套(7);螺杆(5)穿过母体(1)、附体(2)与锁紧螺母(6)螺纹连接;在止转套(7)上设有夹持孔(20);螺杆(5)穿过母体(1)、附体(2)与锁紧螺母(6)螺纹连接;止转套(7)安装在螺杆(5)外并置于第一止转孔(10)内并被轴向限位;锁紧螺母(6)的第一止转孔(10)孔壁的第一止转部(11)与止转套(7)外周的第二止转部(13)配合约束锁紧螺母(6)相对止转套(7)旋转,止转套(7)的第一止转通孔(12)孔壁上的第三止转部(14)与螺杆(5)的第四止转部(19)配合约束止转套(7)相对螺杆(5)旋转,螺杆(5)和锁紧螺母(6)不可转动地安装在一起,锁紧螺母(6)相对螺杆(5)不会反转松脱,止转套(7)能方便、快速、可靠地从第一止转孔(10)中取出。

Description

一种紧固连接组件及结构、拆卸方法、轨道结构、曲轴连杆机构、骨连接装置及骨连接方法 技术领域:
本发明涉及一种螺纹副机械静联接两个以上的物体的紧固连接技术;特别是涉及一种通过螺纹副机械静连接曲轴连杆机构、轨道结构、飞机、船舶、设备、航空航天设备、航母、飞船、火箭、发动机、核反应设备、火车、高铁、铁轨、钢结构建筑、钢结构桥梁、汽车等等机械设备上的关键部位上的机械零件的紧固连接组件、紧固连接结构及连接方法、拆卸方法,这些机械零件的使用环境特别恶劣如震动大、高温环境、载荷大等,且对螺纹副机械静连接的连接可靠性要求特别高。
背景技术
物体间的螺纹副机械静联接出现一些关键部位连接的螺栓断裂、螺纹连接的失效引起的安全问题和安全事故,经常碰到,是全球面临的通病,也是本领域的技术人员不断研究改进急待解决还没有解决的问题。小螺栓、大事故,经常因螺栓断裂发生重大事故,如汽车的发动机的连杆螺栓断裂造成捣缸事故;2009年4月18日发生的哈尔滨塔吊螺栓断裂造成的1死4伤的事故;据台湾媒体报道的核二厂一号机反应炉检出7支锚定螺栓断裂、毁损可能引起核安全的事故;2012年6月29日16时45分发生的、5号座舱支撑系统的中导柱螺栓发生疲劳断裂、造成深圳东部华侨城“太空迷航”娱乐项目发生6人死亡、10人受伤的重大安全事故;作为高端车辆的代表厂家,因无法解决螺丝断裂的技术问题,导致宝马发动机因螺丝断裂瞬间失去动力熄火事件导致召回23万辆车(宝马(中国)汽车贸易有限公司、华晨宝马汽车有限公司决定自2014年6月18日起,召回23万辆车),制造厂家受到巨大经济损失和商誉损失,更严重的是会造成车主的生命财产安全。虽然在很多情况下,特别是在振动状态下,经常需要对已经锁紧的紧固连接件定期检修加固,防止螺纹副反转松动甚至是松脱带来的安全事故,但全世界每年因为螺纹连接失效导致的一系列安全事故非常多,例子不胜枚举。
螺纹连接的可靠性是靠螺纹副的摩擦产生自锁以及螺纹副的接触面间的摩擦来保证。一般来说,连接螺纹具有一定的自锁性,在静载荷条件下并不会自动松脱。但是,由于连接的工作条件不可避免地会存在冲击、振动、变载荷作用。在这些工况条件下,螺纹副之间的摩擦力会出现瞬时消失或减小;同时在高温或温度变化比较大的场合,材料会发生蠕变和应力松弛,也会使摩擦力减小。在多次作用下,就会造成螺纹连接的逐渐松脱。
螺纹连接的失效,主要原因是由于预紧力减少导致螺纹松脱,因此螺纹连接防松的本质,就是防止螺纹副的反转(也就是内螺纹孔与外螺纹部之间的反转),如螺栓与螺母间的反转。
现有的机械机械防松方法主要包括利用开口销、止动垫片及串钢丝绳等机械防松方法。现在飞机上很多还采用串联钢丝绳的防松方法。
为了防止螺纹连接松脱,人们一直在不懈努力。
专利号为US1755807、申请日为1929年4月6日、公开日为1930年4月22日的美国专利中,公开了一种防松的螺杆螺母结构,包括螺杆、锁紧螺母、止转套。锁紧螺母内设有螺纹通孔和与其连通的内齿轮形的止转孔,止转孔的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔的孔径。止转套设有止转通孔,止转套外周为外齿轮形,止转通孔孔壁上设有止转条,在螺杆上设有与止转条配合的止转槽。止转套的外齿轮形外周与锁紧螺母止转孔内齿轮型孔壁配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,止转套的止转套插入螺杆的止转槽约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,因此螺杆与锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。该专利中,由于止转套完全容置在锁紧螺母的止转孔中,止转套很难从锁紧螺母的止转孔中取出;而且在螺杆、螺母的使用过程中,由于止转套、螺杆和螺母生锈、灰尘进入止转套与螺杆和螺母间、止转套与螺杆和螺母的相互渗透等会造成止转套与螺杆螺母间产生很大的咬合力,从而造成止转套无法从螺杆与螺母间取出。如果止转套很难或无法从螺杆与螺母间取出,就很难或无法将螺母和螺杆分离,因而却失去了使用螺 纹副连接就是为了能够很方便地将螺杆和螺母分离的最基本用途,因而这种螺杆和螺母结构是没有多大的使用价值。
专利号为ZL201510198765.5、申请公布号为CN 104819197A、申请日为2015年4月24日、公布日为2015年8月6日的发明专利中,一种防松动螺母连接结构,包括连接件及穿过连接件的螺杆,螺杆上旋合螺母将连接件紧固,螺母外侧套接一防松套圈,防松套圈与连接件间设有防旋转结构,防旋转结构包括连接件上对应螺母设置的沉槽,螺母旋合后底部设于沉槽内,防松套圈外圈设有卡头,沉槽内侧壁设有供卡头卡入的卡槽;防松套圈高度小于沉槽的高度,防松套圈与螺母和沉槽之间为过盈配合。该发明的防松动螺母连接结构,由于增加了一个防松套圈,且防松套圈与连接件间设有防旋转结构,防松套圈内圈为与螺母配合的正六边形结构,防松套圈内圈与螺母间不能相对旋转,同时防旋转结构防止防松套圈与连接件相对旋转,因而可以防止螺母紧固后松动。这种防松动螺母连接结构,虽然实现了防止螺母的松动,但一方面由于防松套圈高度小于沉槽的高度、防松套圈与螺母和沉槽之间为过盈配合,在拆卸防松动螺母连接结构时,防松防松套圈是无法从沉槽内取出,无法取出防松防松套圈,就无法将螺母和螺杆分离,因而却失去了使用螺纹副连接就是为了能够很方便地将螺杆和螺母分离的最基本用途,,因而这种结构是没有任何意义的;另一方面,沉槽内侧壁设有供卡头卡入的卡槽,这种卡槽结构无法机械加工出来,如果不是事先与被连接件一起成型,则需要用电火花等工艺才能加工出来,因而使用成本特别高;还有,如果不对螺杆止转,螺杆相对锁紧螺母还是会转动,只对螺母止转也是没有任何现实意义。上述种种原因,会使本领域的技术人员认为该发明的技术方案无任何使用价值,大大阻碍了本领域的技术人员改进该专利的技术方案的积极性。
专利号为ZL97112246.6、公开日为97112246.6的发明专利中,公开了一种防松螺母,包括工具安装部及与其同轴向上突出设置的环形突出部,它们中间有贯通的螺纹孔。这种防松螺母,就是HardLock螺母,号称世界上唯一的绝不松动的螺母,是哈德洛克工业株式会社的社长若林克彦用了近20年的时间,通过不断技术改进而研究出来的技术成果,现在高铁上应用比较多。高铁运营时,高速行驶的列车和铁轨不断接触,形成的震动非常大,一般的螺丝在这种震动中会被震松震飞。不想被震飞,那么就需要螺丝和螺母丝丝入扣,永不松动才行。这个要求看起来很简单,但是要满足它并不容易。高铁代表中国创造,却用日本螺母,因而有媒体发出类似从一颗螺母看出中国制造和日本制造的差距的感叹。但这种螺母制造工艺非常复杂,制造精度要求特别高,现在的情况是,有产品图、有产品,没有哈德洛克公司的独特的技术和诀窍,却无法制造出来,因而价格昂贵,一个至少几十元钱;这种螺母也无法做到完全不松,只是在现有的防松螺母中防松效果算很好的;这种螺母,重复使用几十次后就不能再用。
专利号为ZL201520399393.8的实用新型专利中,公开了一种自紧螺母、螺栓紧固件,紧固件包括自紧螺母本体、自紧垫圈和普通螺栓;自紧螺母本体与自紧垫圈接触面为平滑过渡的螺旋面;自紧螺母本体与普通螺栓螺纹连接;螺栓紧固件包括自紧螺栓、自紧垫圈和普通螺母;普通螺母与自紧螺栓螺纹连接。该自紧螺母、螺栓紧固件,采用自紧原理,在螺母或螺栓上设置一自紧结构,使其锁紧后达到自紧的效果,让螺母不再出现移位或者松动。这种自己螺母,又称自紧王螺母和永不松动的螺母,并宣称其防松能力超过hardlock螺母,在央视中有报道。这种螺母由于没有广泛使用,其防松效果如何,无法判断。
从专利号为US1755807、申请日为1929年4月6日的美国专利中,发明了用止转套来限制螺栓相对螺母转动的防松技术,到专利号为ZL201510198765.5、申请日为2015年4月24日的中国发明专利中,再次提出止转套来限制螺母转动的技术方案,历时八十六年,都没有解决既能用止转套对螺栓和螺母防松或用止转套对螺栓和螺母防松、又能方便快速可靠的将止转套从止转孔中取出从而使螺栓和螺母拆离的技术问题。现有的认为防松效果好的hardlock螺母、自紧王螺母,都不是通过采用止转套阻止螺母转动来实现螺栓螺母防松;快一个世纪过去了,还没有通过采用止转套阻止螺母转动来实现螺栓螺母防松的技术应用;可见,人们陷入了虽然采用止转套能阻止螺母转动来实现螺栓螺母防松、但螺栓螺母却很难或无法拆卸的技术误区,形成了采用止转套阻止螺母转动来实现螺栓螺母防松的技术无使用价值的惯性思维,从而阻止了本领域的技术人员改进采用止转套阻止螺母转动来实现螺栓螺母防松的技术方案的积极性
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明要解决的技术问题是,克服现有的本领域的技术人员认采用止转套限制锁紧螺母相对螺杆转动、来实现螺栓锁紧螺母反转松脱的防松技术方案、因止转套很难或无法从第一止转孔中取出、导致紧固连接组件无使用价值的惯性思维,提供一种采用止转套限制锁紧螺母相对螺杆转动来实现螺杆锁紧螺母无法相对转动、使螺杆锁紧螺母不会因为反转而松脱且止转套从第一止转孔中取出快速、方便、可靠,从而使螺杆和锁紧螺母的拆离快速、方便、可靠的紧固连接组件及结构、拆卸方法、轨道结构、曲轴连杆机构、骨连接装置及骨连接方法。
一种紧固连接组件,包括螺杆、锁紧螺母、止转套;螺杆上设有抵挡部、第一外螺纹部;抵挡部径向凸出第一外螺纹部;
锁紧螺母内设有螺纹通孔和与螺纹通孔连通的第一止转孔,第一止转孔的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔的最大孔径;第一止转孔的孔壁上设有周向均匀排列六个以上的轴向的第一止转部;
止转套的外周设有与第一止转部配合、周向均匀排列的第二止转部;止转套上设有轴向的止转通孔,止转通孔的孔壁上设有一个以上轴向的第三止转部;止转套设有第二止转部的外周与锁紧螺母的第一止转孔的孔壁配合;
在螺杆上设有与第三止转部配合的第四止转部;
在锁紧螺母和/或止转套上、设有将安装在螺杆外和第一止转孔内的止转套取出的取出结构;取出结构包括设置在止转套上两个轴向的夹持孔或设置在止转套的外周上、与止转套外周连通的两个轴向的夹持凹陷部;
锁紧螺母的螺纹通孔与第一外螺纹部螺纹连接,设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内,止转套被轴向限位在第一止转孔内;第一止转部与第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,第三止转部与第四止转部配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转,螺杆和锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
作为方案一的改进,取出结构还包括在止转套朝向第一止转孔的底面的一侧与第一止转孔底部形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通、供拆卸工具的夹持钩穿过夹持孔或夹持凹陷部进入的取出空间。
作为方案一的改进,取出结构还包括设置在止转套的一个端面上、三个同侧轴向凸出止转套端面的支撑部;支撑部使止转套朝向第一止转孔的底面的一侧与第一止转孔底部间形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通的取出空间。因在止转套上容易形成用来形成取出空间的支撑部,如可与止转套一起冲压而成,因而成本低。
作为方案二的改进,在锁紧螺母的螺纹通孔和第一止转孔间还设有与螺纹通孔和第一止转孔连通的取出孔,取出孔的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔的孔径,最大孔径小于第一止转孔的最小孔径;止转套朝向第一止转孔的底面的一侧与取出孔形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通的取出空间。
作为方案一的改进,在第一外螺纹部背离抵挡部的端面上设有与止转通孔配合的止转轴,第四止转部设置在止转轴的外周;止转轴的最大外径小于或等于第一外螺纹部的螺纹底径;止转轴置于第一止转孔内,止转套安装在止转轴外并置于第一止转孔内。止转轴的外周为外齿轮形结构、或花键形结构、或正多边形孔;止转套的止转通孔的孔壁为与外齿轮形结构的止转轴的外周配合的内齿轮形孔、或为与花键形结构的止转轴的外周配合的花键形孔、或为与正多边形结构的止转轴的外周配合的正多边形孔、或为与正多边形结构的止转轴的外周配合的两个以上结构相同的正多边形孔的相交结构且每相邻的两正多边形孔旋转的度数为360°/正多边形孔边数/正多边形孔个数,这样能进一步保证螺栓和锁紧螺母连接的预紧力。第四止转部设置在止转轴的外周,在满足加工和受力的情况下,第三止转部和第四止转部尽可能多等分,这样在保证螺杆与锁紧螺母的锁紧力的情况下,微调螺杆,更易使螺杆上 的第一止转部与第四止转部位置关系对应,满足止转套安装需要。
作为方案一的改进,第三止转部为凸设在止转通孔的孔壁上一条以上轴向的止转条;第四止转部为设置在第一外螺纹部上与止转条一一配合的轴向的止转槽;止转槽为碾压成型的槽,在搓制螺杆的第一外螺纹部时碾压成型;止转套上的止转条伸入螺杆的止转槽内约束止转套相对螺杆旋转。第四止转部为设置在螺杆设有第一外螺纹部一端上的止转槽,螺杆上的止转槽在搓制第一外螺纹部时同时碾压而成,这种结构的螺杆与通用的标准件螺钉成本差不多,成本特别低,而且成型的止转槽不变形、标准,第一外螺纹部的螺牙也标准。
作为方案一的改进,止转通孔的孔壁由圆弧面和连接圆弧面的止转平面构成;第三止转部为止转通孔的孔壁上的止转套止转平面;第四止转部为设置在第一外螺纹部上与止转套止转平面配合的螺杆止转平面;止转套止转平面与螺杆止转平面配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转。这种螺杆,强度好,加工成本低。
作为方案一的改进,第四止转部为设置在第一外螺纹部上一条以上轴向的止转槽,止转槽为割尾槽,横截面为V形,从螺杆的尾端向螺杆的抵挡部逐渐变小;第三止转部为凸设在止转通孔的孔壁上止转条,止转条与止转槽形成凹凸配合。第四止转部为割尾式的止转槽,可采用相应的割尾式工艺成型割尾槽,也可用现有的割尾螺杆,成本低。
作为方案一的改进,紧固连接组件还包括止转套限位件;止转套限位件为卡环或为设有两个以上内扣的弹性卡扣的扣盖;卡环或扣盖安装在螺杆上或锁紧螺母上对止转套一侧轴向限位。止转套限位件为扣盖,扣盖不但能对止转套一侧轴向限位,还有盖子的作用,使止转套和螺杆不会暴露在空气中,从而大大增加止转套和螺杆的使用寿命,使用更安全,外观更美观,扣盖还可起装饰作用。止转套限位件为卡环或扣盖,在螺纹联接容易失效的场合,卡环或扣盖轴向限位更可靠。卡槽设置在螺杆上,卡槽在镦锻螺钉头成型胚料时一起成型再搓制螺纹,这种结构的螺杆与通用的标准件螺钉成本差不多,降低成本;或搓制螺纹后再铣削出止转槽。
作为方案九的改进,止转套限位件为设有两个以上内扣的弹性卡扣的扣盖,扣盖内设有容置锁紧螺母的容置空间;在锁紧螺母的外周设有与弹性卡扣配合的抵挡部;弹性卡扣向内扣在锁紧螺母的抵挡部上对止转套一侧轴向限位,锁紧螺母容置在扣盖的容置空间内。这种结构的紧固连接组件,一方面在螺纹联接容易失效的场合,扣盖轴向限位更可靠;另一方面抵挡部设置在锁紧螺母的外周,抵挡部在成型锁紧螺母坯料时一起镦锻成型,不需要在锁紧螺母或螺杆上成型抵挡槽,降低成本。扣盖由板状金属冲压成型,成本低。还有扣盖还可以将螺杆、锁紧螺母、止转套包覆,大大减少螺杆、锁紧螺母、止转套暴露在空气中生锈等。
作为方案九的改进,,止转套限位件为弹性的抵挡帽;在抵挡帽上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的盲孔,在盲孔的孔壁上凸设有圆环状的弹性的抵挡环;止转套安装在锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内和螺杆设有第四止转部的第一外螺纹部外,抵挡帽通过弹性变形使抵挡环过盈配合地套在螺杆外对止转套的一侧轴向限位;抵挡帽覆盖锁紧螺母的第一止转孔。采用抵挡帽作为止转套限位件,抵挡帽可为橡胶件,一方面抵挡帽具有密封件的作用,防止灰尘、水等进入止转套、螺杆和锁紧螺母之间,预防生锈,使止转套的取出更容易;另一方面,抵挡帽还具有装饰作用,外观美观,特别适用与一些受力不是特别大、外观要求高的场合,如用在剪刀、家具上等。
作为方案一至十一的改进,还包括一体式结构的膨胀套;在螺杆的抵挡部的外周设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的驱动锥面;在膨胀套上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合地通孔,和与膨胀套的一个端面、外侧面和通孔连通地轴向开槽;螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接。
作为方案一至十一的改进,还包括两瓣以上的膨胀件;膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,设置在膨胀件本体内周与驱动锥面配合的膨胀用锥面;膨胀件合抱在一起组成膨胀套;在螺杆的抵挡部的外周设有驱动膨胀套膨胀、与膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接。
作为方案一至十一的改进,还包括两瓣以上的膨胀件、驱动螺母;在螺杆的抵挡部的外周设有第一驱动锥面;在驱动螺母的外周设有第二驱动锥面;
膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上的膨胀套抵挡部,设置在膨胀件本体内周与第一驱动锥面配合的第一膨胀用锥面、与第二驱动锥面配合地第二膨胀用锥面;膨胀件合抱在一起组成膨胀套;合抱在一起的膨胀件组成的膨胀套形成的通孔与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合;膨胀套上相应的膨胀套抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状;
螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套依次与驱动螺母、锁紧螺母螺纹连接。
一种紧固连接结构,紧固连接结构还包括母体、附体;母体上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔,附体上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔;
螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过母体上的通孔、附体上的通孔与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆和锁紧螺母将母体和附体紧固连接在一起;设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;
止转套安装在锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内和设有第四止转部的螺杆外,止转套被轴向限位在第一止转部内;锁紧螺母的第一止转部与止转套的第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,止转套的第三止转部与螺杆的第四止转部配合约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,螺杆与锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
膨胀结构的紧固连接结构,这种结构特别适用与母体上的孔是盲孔、螺杆无法穿过母体的情况,和在母体上无法攻螺纹的金属材质等,还有就是母体的材质比较软、采用螺纹连接容易滑丝、如母体为铝材质等。膨胀紧固连接组件还包括驱动螺母,安装时先将螺杆通过膨胀套的结构安装在母体上,再安装附体,便于将螺杆安装在母体上。在膨胀套上设有膨胀套抵挡部,在母体的孔壁上设有抵挡槽,膨胀套抵挡部伸入预埋套管的抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,这样膨胀套与母体的连接力主要是楔形抵挡与抵挡槽间的相互抵挡力,而不是依靠螺纹连接的预紧静摩擦力或膨胀螺丝的胀紧静摩擦力。膨胀件上的抵挡部可为一个抵挡部。膨胀件上的抵挡部也可为多个抵挡部,单个抵挡部在经过轴线的截面上的形状为尖角形或梯形或弧形;母体上的抵挡槽在经过轴线的截面上的形状为与抵挡部配合的尖角形或梯形或弧形;抵挡部与抵挡槽通过尖角形两个斜面面接触或梯形的两个斜面面接触、或通过弧形面接触。这种膨胀紧固连接结构可以承受的连接力非常大。因此能在载荷大特别是轴向载荷大、振动大、高温等环境下均不会引起连接失效。对应采用膨胀结构的紧固连接结构,与螺杆连接的锁紧螺母、安装在锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内的止转套及对止转套限位的结构与不是膨胀结构的紧固连接组件相同,故不再重复描述。
一种方案十五的紧固连接结构的拆卸方法,包括以下步骤:
用夹钳将止转套从第一止转孔中取出:夹钳包括可转动地枢接在一起地左钳体、右钳体,在左钳体的夹持端部的底面设有夹持凸柱,在右钳体的夹持端部的底面设有夹持凸柱,左钳体的夹持凸柱、右钳体的夹持凸柱最大外径小于止转套的夹持孔或夹持凹陷部的最小孔径;将夹钳张开,左钳体的夹持凸柱、右钳体的夹持凸柱分别伸入相应的夹持孔或夹持凹陷部内,再收拢夹钳,夹钳将止转套从第一止转孔中取出;
再将锁紧螺母与螺杆分离。
一种方案十六的紧固连接结构的拆卸方法,在止转套朝向第一止转孔的底面的一侧与第一止转孔底部、形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通的取出空间;
在左钳体的夹持凸柱的端部上、朝向右钳体方向凸设有夹持钩,在右钳体的夹持凸柱的端部上、朝向左钳体方向凸设有夹持钩;
左钳体的夹持凸柱和夹持钩、右钳体的夹持凸柱和夹持钩伸入相应的夹持孔或夹持凹陷部内且夹持钩径向伸入取出空间内,再收拢夹钳,夹钳的左夹持凸柱和右夹持凸柱夹紧止转套、左钳体的夹持钩和右钳体的夹持钩在背离止转套的取出方向抵挡止转套,夹钳将止转套从第一止转孔中取出。
由于增加了夹持钩对止转套的抵挡,而不单纯是依靠夹持凸柱与止转套的夹紧摩擦力来夹持取出止转套,在拆卸紧固连接组件时,夹钳与止转套之间除了夹持摩擦力、还增加了夹 持钩的轴向抵挡力,因而大大增加了夹钳夹持止转套的夹持力,可以非常可靠地取出止转套。
一种轨道结构,包括紧固连接组件、用于承载轨道的垫板、轨下垫板、导轨、绝缘块、弹条;紧固连接组件还包括止转套限位件;螺杆为T型螺杆;
在垫板的底面上设有与通孔连通、与抵挡部配合的止转槽;在垫板两侧设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔,在垫板的底面上设有与通孔连通、与抵挡部配合的止转槽,在相应的两通孔之间靠近每一侧的通孔均设有抵挡凸部;在垫板两侧的通孔相背的两外侧设有弹条支撑部,垫板上的通孔置于同一侧的抵挡凸部与弹条支撑部之间;
垫板安装在地基上,轨下垫板安装在垫板上,导轨安装在轨下垫板上,轨下垫板、导轨置于垫板的两抵挡凸部之间;绝缘块分别安装在导轨的两侧与垫板的两抵挡凸部之间,垫板两侧抵挡凸部对两侧绝缘块限位,两绝缘块对导轨的两侧和顶面限位;
螺杆的抵挡部从上向下穿过垫板上的通孔并旋转安装在止转槽内;螺杆的第一外螺纹部向上穿过弹条与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,弹条支撑在相应的绝缘块和弹条支撑部上;或在垫板两侧的通孔相背的两外侧设有轨距挡板,垫板上的通孔置于同一侧的抵挡凸部与轨距挡板之间,第一外螺纹部向上穿过弹条与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,弹条支撑在相应的绝缘块和轨距挡板上;
螺杆和锁紧螺母将垫板、轨下垫板、导轨、绝缘块、弹条紧固连接在一起;设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;抵挡部与止转槽配合约束螺杆相对于垫板旋转;
止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内;止转套轴向限位在设有第四止转部的螺杆外和第一止转孔内;锁紧螺母的第一止转部与止转套的第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,止转套的第三止转部与螺杆的第四止转部配合约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,螺杆与锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
本发明的紧固连接组件的轨道结构,通过紧固连接组件固定在一起的弹条和垫板,由于止转套约束锁紧螺母相对螺杆不会旋转,因此即使弹条承受很大地力、或轨道结构处于剧烈震动的环境,螺纹连接也很可靠,不会因为锁紧螺母相对螺杆反转松脱导致螺纹连接失效,这样确保弹条可靠地压住绝缘块、绝缘块可靠地压住导轨,导轨可靠地与垫板安装在一起,防止事故发生。
一种轨道结构,包括紧固连接组件、预埋套管、用于承载轨道的垫板;
在垫板的两侧均设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔;
预埋套管预埋在与垫板的通孔对应位置的地基上的盲孔内,在预埋套管内设有孔,在预埋套管的孔壁上设有与膨胀套抵挡部配合的环状的抵挡槽;
螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套与驱动螺母螺纹连接,螺杆的抵挡部和第一驱动锥面、膨胀套、驱动螺母安装在预埋套管上的孔内;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,膨胀套的第一膨胀用锥面合抱在螺杆的第一驱动锥面上,膨胀套的第二膨胀用锥面合抱在驱动螺母的第二驱动锥面上;第一驱动锥面相对第一膨胀用锥面滑动、第二驱动锥面相对第二膨胀用锥面滑动驱动膨胀套膨胀,在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,膨胀套抵挡部伸入预埋套管的抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,膨胀套上的膨胀套抵挡部被预埋套管的上的抵挡槽轴向抵挡,螺杆、膨胀套、驱动螺母与预埋套管连接固定在一起,螺杆的抵挡部被膨胀套轴向抵挡;
螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过垫板上的通孔与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,锁紧螺母轴向抵挡垫板,螺杆、膨胀套和锁紧螺母将和垫板与预埋套管紧固连接在一起。
本发明的紧固连接组件的轨道结构,通过紧固连接组件将垫板固定在地基的预埋套管内,由于止转套约束锁紧螺母相对螺杆不会旋转,因此即使轨道结构处于剧烈震动的环境,螺纹连接也很可靠,不会因为锁紧螺母相对螺杆反转松脱导致螺纹连接失效,这样确保垫板可靠地与地基的预埋套管安装在一起,防止事故发生。
一种曲轴连杆机构,包括曲轴、连杆组、紧固连接组件;连杆组包括连杆体、连杆大头盖、连杆大头轴瓦;连杆体包括连杆大头和连杆小头,连杆大头上设有通孔;连杆大头盖上设有通孔;紧固连接组件还包括止转套限位件;
连杆大头轴瓦合包在曲轴外,连杆体大头和连杆大头盖合包在连杆大头轴瓦外;
螺杆设有第一外螺纹部的一端穿过连杆大头上的通孔、连杆大头盖上的通孔与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆和锁紧螺母将连杆体和连杆大头盖紧固连接在一起;设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;
止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内,止转套限位件与螺杆安装在一起或与连杆大头盖安装在一起对止转套一侧轴向限位;
锁紧螺母的第一止转部与止转套的第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,止转套的第三止转部与螺杆的第四止转部配合约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,螺杆与锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
这种结构的曲轴连杆机构,通过紧固连接件固定在一起的连杆体和连杆大头盖,由于螺杆与锁紧螺母间无相对旋转,因此即使连杆体承受很大地力、或曲轴连杆处于剧烈震动的环境,螺杆和锁紧螺母的连接也很可靠,不会因为锁紧螺母相对螺杆反转导致螺纹连接失效,这样确保连杆体和连杆大头盖可靠地安装在一起,防止事故发生。
一种骨连接装置,包括紧固连接组件、连接件;紧固连接组件还包括止转套限位件;在连接件上设有两个以上与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔;一个连接件上的通孔对应一个螺杆、锁紧螺母、止转套、止转套限位件;
螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过连接件上相应的通孔与锁紧螺母的螺纹通孔螺纹连接,设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内;止转套限位件安装在螺杆上或连接件上对止转套轴向限位;第三止转部与第四止转部配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转,第一止转部与第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,螺杆和锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
一种骨连接方法,包括以下步骤:
将一个螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过连接件上的通孔、一个断骨与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆将一断骨与连接件紧固连接在一起;另一个螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过连接件上的另一通孔、另一个断骨与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆将另一断骨与连接件紧固连接在一起;
设有第四止转部的螺杆置于相应的第一止转孔内,螺杆的第四止转部与相应的第一止转孔的第一止转部位置关系对应;
将止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内;将止转套限位件安装在螺杆上或连接件上对止转套轴向限位;
第三止转部与第四止转部配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转,第一止转部与第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,螺杆和锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
采用连接件连接两个断骨,由于止转套约束锁紧螺母相对螺杆不会旋转,因此连接件连接两断骨非常可靠,不会因为骨头频繁活动导致连接松动松脱、移位等,连接装置造成的疼痛副作用大大减小,对一些年纪比较大的患者来说,骨折愈合后,还可不需拆卸骨连接装置,避免二次伤害。
本发明的有益效果是:
既要阻止螺纹副反转防松,又要保持机械螺纹连接的方便、快速、可靠地可拆卸性,是人们一直长期以来致力解决却没有彻底解决的技术难题。
本发明通过螺杆的止转抵挡部限制螺杆相对母体、附体转动,止转套限制锁紧螺母相对螺杆旋转,从而使螺杆和锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在母体和附体上,防止紧固连接组件在使用过程中锁紧螺母相对螺杆反转松脱。止转套与第一止转孔和锁紧螺母之间一般为间隙配合,便于止转套的安装和取出。
为了锁紧螺母与螺杆螺纹连接后,第一止转孔上的第一止转部和螺杆的第四止转部位置关系能对应,在设计止转套时注意止转套的第二止转部与第三止转部的位置对应关系,也就是第二止转部与第三止转部要有对应的规律。
在止转套上设有两个以上用来将止转套从第一止转孔中夹持取出的夹持孔或夹持凹陷部,取出止转套时,只需伸入两个夹持孔或夹持凹陷部内夹持住止转套从而将止转套从第一 止转孔中取出,使止转套从第一止转孔中取出快速、方便、可靠。一般情况下可借助夹持工具夹持止转套将止转套从第一止转孔中取出,从而使止转套从第一止转孔中取出更加快速、方便且可确保止转套从第一止转孔中取出。。止转套从第一止转孔中取出后,螺杆和锁紧螺母的拆卸与传统的螺杆和锁紧螺母拆卸完全是一样的,因而螺杆和锁紧螺母的拆卸方便、快速、可靠。
在止转套上设有两个以上用来将止转套从第一止转孔中夹持取出的夹持孔,不需在第一止转孔的孔壁上再设计取出止转套的结构,在成型止转套时成型夹持孔,几乎不增加成本,且止转套一般设计成标准件,因此可大大降低成本。
在止转套壁厚较薄、没有足够的空间设置夹持孔的情况下,在止转套外周设有夹持凹陷部结构,还可在第一止转孔的孔壁上设计与夹持凹陷部配合的结构形成一个夹持孔,在保证止转套刚性和强度的情况下,还能使夹持凹陷部的孔径满足夹持需要。
螺杆与锁紧螺母螺纹连接后,第一止转部与第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,第三止转部与第四止转部配合约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,这样螺杆和锁紧螺母都无法转动,螺杆和锁紧螺母间就不会因为反转而松脱,使螺杆和锁紧螺母间保持在最初需要的锁紧位置,螺杆和锁紧螺母的螺纹连接的夹紧力在使用过程中基本无变化;即使采用普通的螺杆锁紧螺母连接,在剧烈震动、高温等恶劣环境下,螺杆和锁紧螺母的螺纹连接的夹紧力在使用过程中基本无变化;因此达到最好的锁紧效果,能有效避免螺杆和锁紧螺母螺纹连接失效。
止转套的外周可为花键形或正多边形或外齿轮形;第一止转孔的孔壁为与外齿轮形结构的止转套外周配合的内齿轮形孔、或为与花键形结构的止转套外周配合的花键形孔、或为与正多边形结构止转套配合的正多边形孔、或为与正多边形结构止转套配合的两个以上结构相同的正多边形孔的相交结构且每相邻的两正多边形孔旋转的度数为360°/正多边形孔边数/正多边形孔个数。在满足加工和使用的前提下,成型越多个相互配合第一止转部和第二止转部,这样在螺杆与锁紧螺母的螺纹连接处于最佳锁紧的状态下,为了安装止转套,微调锁紧螺母时的角度越小,就能使锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应,满足止转套安装需要。微调锁紧螺母的角度越小,螺杆与锁紧螺母间的锁紧效果越好,避免螺杆和锁紧螺母间的锁紧力过大或过小。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的紧固连接组件的立体示意图。
图2为实施例1的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图3为实施例1的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图4为实施例1的紧固连接结构的立体分解示意图。
图5为实施例2的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图6为实施例3的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图7为实施例3的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图8为实施例4的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图9为实施例4的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图10为实施例5的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图11为实施例5的扣盖的立体示意图。
图12为实施例5的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图13为实施例6的紧固连接结构的立体分解示意图。
图14为实施例6的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图15为实施例7的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图16为实施例7的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图17为实施例8的紧固连接结构与夹钳安装在一起的立体分解示意图。
图18是图17的I部放大示意图。
图19为实施例9的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图20为实施例9的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图21为实施例9的扣盖的立体示意图。
图22为实施例10的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图23为实施例10的扣盖的立体示意图。
图24为实施例10的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图25为实施例11的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图26为实施例11的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图27为实施例11的扣盖的立体示意图。
图28为实施例12的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图29为实施例12的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图30为实施例12的扣盖的立体示意图。
图31为实施例13的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图32为实施例13的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图33为实施例13的扣盖的立体示意图。
图34为实施例14的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图35为实施例14的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图36为实施例15的紧固连接结构的立体示意图。
图37为实施例15的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图38为实施例16的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图39为实施例16的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图40为实施例17的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图41为实施例18的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图42为实施例19的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图43为实施例19的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图44为实施例20的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图45为实施例20的紧固连接结构过夹钳安装在一起的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图46为实施例20的紧固连接结构与夹钳安装在一起的立体分解示意图。
图47为实施例21的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图48为实施例21的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图49为实施例22的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图50为实施例22的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图51为实施例23的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图52为实施例23的紧固连接结构过螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图53为实施例24的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图54为实施例25的紧固连接结构的主视示意图。
图55为图54的A-A的剖视示意图。
图56为实施例25的紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图57为实施例26的紧固连接结构的立体分解示意图。
图58为实施例27的轨道结构的立体分解示意图。
图59为实施例27的紧固连接结构的立体分解示意图。
图60为实施例27的轨道结构过两螺杆的轴线剖切的剖视示意图。
图61为实施例29的轨道结构的立体分解示意图。
图62为实施例29的紧固连接结构的立体分解示意图。
图63为实施例30的骨连接装置与骨头的立体示意图。
图64为实施例30的骨连接装置与骨头过两螺杆的轴线剖切的剖切示意图。
图65为实施例31的曲轴连杆机构的立体示意图。
图66为实施例31的曲轴连杆机构过两螺杆的轴线剖切的剖切示意图。
图67为实施例32的曲轴连杆机构过两螺杆的轴线剖切的剖切示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1至图4所示,一种紧固连接结构,包括紧固连接组件、母体1、附体2。母体1上设有通孔3,附体2上设有通孔4。
紧固连接组件包括螺杆5、锁紧螺母6、止转套7、止转套限位件。止转套限位件为抵挡螺母8。
锁紧螺母6内设有螺纹通孔9和与螺纹通孔9连通的第一止转孔10,第一止转孔10的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔9的孔径。第一止转孔10的孔壁上设有周向排列的第一止转部11。第一止转孔10的孔壁为两个结构相同的正六角形孔旋转30°的相交结构,在第一止转孔10的孔壁上形成十二个尖角形凹槽,每个尖角形凹槽由正六角形孔的两相交平面形成,一个尖角形凹槽形成一个第一止转部11。锁紧螺母6的外周为正六角形。
止转套7上设有轴向的止转通孔12,止转套7的外周设有与第一止转部11配合、周向排列的第二止转部13,止转通孔12的孔壁上设有周向排列的第三止转部14。止转套7的外周为与锁紧螺母6的单个正六角形孔配合正六角形,止转套7外周的六个平面形成周向排列的六个第二止转部13。止转通孔12的孔壁形成花键形孔,止转通孔12孔壁上的一个凹槽形成一个第三止转部14。第一止转孔10的第一止转部11的轴向长度大于止转套7的第二止转部13的轴向长度。在止转通孔12的外周端面上设有两个关于止转套7的轴线对称的轴向的用于拆卸止转套7的夹持孔20。
螺杆5上依次设有抵挡部15、与锁紧螺母6的螺纹通孔9配合的第一外螺纹部16、止转轴17、与抵挡螺母8配合的外螺纹部18。抵挡部15径向凸出第一外螺纹部16。在止转轴17的外周设有与第三止转部14配合、周向分布的第四止转部19,止转轴17的外周与花键形的止转通孔12的孔壁配合,为花键形。止转轴17外周上的一条轴向凸条形成一个与凹槽形的第三止转部14配合的第四止转部19。止转轴17的最大外径小于或等于第一外螺纹部16的螺纹底径,大于外螺纹部18的最大外径。
螺杆5的第一外螺纹部16穿过母体1上通孔3、附体2上的通孔4与锁紧螺母6螺纹连接,抵挡部15轴向抵挡母体1,锁紧螺母6轴向抵挡附体2,螺杆5和锁紧螺母6将母体1和附体2紧固连接在一起;螺杆5的止转轴17置于锁紧螺母6的第一止转孔10内,锁紧螺母6的第一止转部11与螺杆5的第四止转部19位置关系对应。止转套7安装在锁紧螺母6的第一止转孔10的第一止转部11内和螺杆5的止转轴17的第四止转部19外,抵挡螺母8螺纹连接在外螺纹部18上对止转套7背离母体1的一侧轴向限位。锁紧螺母6的第一止转部11与止转套7的第二止转部13配合约束锁紧螺母6相对止转套7旋转,止转套7的第三止转部14与螺杆5的第四止转部19配合约束螺杆5相对止转套7旋转,螺杆5与锁紧螺母6不可转动地安装在一起。
安装方法包括以下步骤:
将附体2上的通孔4正对母体1上的通孔3,螺杆5的第一外螺纹部16穿过母体1上的通孔3、附体2上的通孔4与锁紧螺母6螺纹连接,抵挡部15轴向抵挡母体1,锁紧螺母6轴向抵挡附体2,螺杆5和锁紧螺母6将母体1和附体2紧固连接在一起;螺杆5的止转轴置于锁紧螺母6的第一止转孔10内,锁紧螺母6的第一止转部11与螺杆5的第四止转部19位置关系对应;
正向或反向微旋锁紧螺母6调锁紧螺母6的第一止转部11相对第四止转部19的角度,使锁紧螺母6的第一止转部11与螺杆5的第四止转部19位置关系对应,将止转套7的第二止转部13与锁紧螺母6的第一止转部11位置关系对应、将止转套7的第三止转部14与螺杆5的第四止转部19位置关系对应,再将止转套7的第三止转部14安装在螺杆5的第四止转部19外并置于第一止转孔10的第一止转部11内;止转套7轴向限位在螺杆5的第四止转部19外和第一止转孔10的第一止转部11内。
实施例2
如图5所示,与实施例1不同的是,第一止转孔31的孔壁为内齿轮形状,第一止转孔31的孔壁上周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形槽,单个梯形槽形成一个第一止转部32。止转套33的外周为与第一止转孔31的孔壁配合的外齿轮形,止转套33外周周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形齿,单个梯形齿形成第二止转部34。止转套33的止转通孔35为内齿轮形,螺杆36的止转轴37为与内齿轮形的止转通孔35配合的外齿轮形。止转通孔35的孔壁上周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形槽,,单个梯形槽形成一个第三止转部38。止转轴37外周周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形齿,单个梯形齿形成第四止转部39。
锁紧螺母的第一止转孔与止转套外周配合的结构为齿轮形结构,止转套内周与螺杆的止 转轴配合的结构为齿轮形结构,这样可以将第一止转部、第二止转部、第三止转部、第四止转部越多个,调节第一止转部与第四止转部对应时,螺母微调的角度越小,因而螺母和螺杆的螺纹连接的锁紧力更难保证在最佳范围。
实施例3
如图6、图7所示,与实施例1不同的是,止转套限位件为卡环51。在止转套52的外周设有两个关于止转套52的轴线对称的轴向的夹持凹陷部53。在螺杆54的止转轴55背离抵挡部56端面上设有安装部57,在安装部57的外周上设有环状的卡槽58,卡槽58朝向止转轴55的侧壁59与止转轴55的端面60齐平,这样卡环51对止转套52轴向限位时使止转套52与锁紧螺母61、卡环51间无轴向间隙,止转套52在卡槽58内不会轴向移动,对振动大的场合大大降低噪音。安装部57的最大外径小于止转轴55的最小外径。卡环51安装在卡槽58内对止转套52背离抵挡部56的一侧轴向限位。
实施例4
如图8、图9所示,与实施例1不同的是,止转套限位件为卡环71。
在止转套91的外周设有两个关于止转套91的轴线对称的轴向的夹持凹陷部92。
螺杆72上依次设有抵挡部73、与锁紧螺母74的螺纹通孔75配合的第一外螺纹部76、止转轴77。在母体78背离附体79的一侧还设有与通孔80连通的沉孔81,在附体79背离母体78的一侧还设有与通孔82连通的沉孔83。
第一止转孔84包括与设有周向排列的第四止转部85配合的止转孔86,背离母体78一侧与止转孔86相连的光孔87,在光孔87的孔壁上设有与卡环71配合的卡槽88。光孔87的孔径大于止转孔86的最大孔径,卡槽88朝向止转孔86的侧壁89与光孔87的底面90齐平。
螺杆72的第一外螺纹部76穿过母体78上的沉孔81和通孔80、附体79上的通孔82、沉孔83与锁紧螺母74螺纹连接,抵挡部73轴向抵挡母体78并置于沉孔81内,锁紧螺母74轴向抵挡附体79并置于沉孔83内,螺杆72和锁紧螺母74将母体78和附体79紧固连接在一起。止转套91安装在锁紧螺母74的第一止转孔84内,卡环71安装在锁紧螺母74的卡槽88内止转套91背离母体78的一侧轴向限位。
实施例5
如图10至图12所示,与实施例4不同的是,止转套限位件为扣盖101。扣盖101包括扣盖本体102,设置扣盖本体102内的凹腔103,在凹腔103的外侧壁上均匀分布有四个向外凸设的抵挡部104,在每个抵挡部104的两侧与凹腔103外侧壁间均设有开槽105,每个抵挡部104与相应的两开槽105间的凹腔103的腔壁形成一个外扣的弹性卡扣106。在凹腔103的内侧壁上设有加强筋107。扣盖101的弹性卡扣106的抵挡部104向外扣在锁紧螺母108的卡槽109内、凹腔103的端面对止转套110背离母体111的一侧轴向限位。
实施例6
如图13、图14所示,与实施例3不同的是,止转套限位件为扣盖112。扣盖112包括环状的扣盖本体113,在扣盖本体113内设有通孔114,沿扣盖本体113的通孔114的孔壁向同一侧凸设后再弯折而成的三个弹性卡扣115。扣盖112的三个弹性卡扣115安装在卡槽116内对止转套117背离母体118的一侧轴向限位,扣盖112设有弹性卡扣115的一侧背离母体118。
实施例7
如图15、图16所示,一种紧固连接结构,包括紧固连接组件、母体121、附体122。母体121上设有通孔123,附体122上设有通孔124。
紧固连接组件包括螺杆125、锁紧螺母126、止转套127、止转套限位件。止转套限位件为抵挡螺母128。
锁紧螺母126内设有螺纹通孔129和与螺纹通孔129连通的第一止转孔130,第一止转孔130的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔129的孔径。第一止转孔130的孔壁上设有周向排列的第一止转部131。第一止转孔130的孔壁为两个结构相同的正六角形孔旋转30°的相交结构,在第一止转孔130的孔壁上形成十二个尖角形凹槽,每个尖角形凹槽由正六角形孔的两相交平面形成,一个尖角形凹槽形成一个第一止转部131。锁紧螺母126的外周为正六角形。第一止转孔130的深度小于止转套127的厚度。
止转套127上设有轴向的圆形的止转通孔132,止转套127的外周设有与第一止转部131 配合、周向排列的第二止转部133,止转通孔132的孔壁上设有周向排列的第三止转部134。止转套127的外周为与锁紧螺母126的单个正六角形孔配合正六角形,止转套127外周的六个平面形成周向排列的六个第二止转部133。止转通孔132孔壁上设有三条周向均匀分布的轴向的止转条,一条止转条形成一个第三止转部134。在止转套127的外周设有两个关于止转套127的轴线对称的轴向的夹持凹陷部138。
螺杆125上依次设有抵挡部135、与锁紧螺母126的螺纹通孔129配合的第一外螺纹部136,抵挡部135径向凸出第一外螺纹部136。在第一外螺纹部136上设有与止转套127上的三条止转条一一配合的轴向的三条止转槽,一条止转槽形成一个与第三止转部134配合的第四止转部137。
螺杆125的第一外螺纹部136穿过母体121上通孔123、附体122上的通孔124与锁紧螺母126螺纹连接,抵挡部135轴向抵挡母体121,锁紧螺母126轴向抵挡附体122,螺杆125和锁紧螺母126将母体121和附体122紧固连接在一起;设有第四止转部137的第一外螺纹部136伸入锁紧螺母126的第一止转孔130内,锁紧螺母126的第一止转部131与螺杆125的第四止转部137位置关系对应。止转套127安装在锁紧螺母126的第一止转孔130的第一止转部131内和螺杆125的的第四止转部137外,止转套127的止转条伸入螺杆125的止转槽内,止转套127凸出第一止转孔130,螺杆125的第一外螺纹部136凸出止转套127,抵挡螺母128螺纹连接在第一外螺纹部136上对止转套127背离母体121的一侧轴向限位。锁紧螺母126的第一止转部131与止转套127的第二止转部133配合约束锁紧螺母126相对止转套127旋转,止转套127的第三止转部134与螺杆125的第四止转部137配合约束螺杆125相对止转套127旋转,螺杆125与锁紧螺母126不可转动地安装在一起。
实施例8
如图17、图18所示,与实施例7不同的是,第一止转孔151的孔壁为内齿轮形状,第一止转孔151的孔壁上周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形槽,单个梯形槽形成一个第一止转部152。止转套153的外周为与第一止转孔151的孔壁配合的外齿轮形,止转套153外周周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形齿,单个梯形齿形成第二止转部154。止转套153的厚度等于第一止转孔151的深度。在止转套153上设有两个关于止转套153的轴线对称的夹持圆通孔155。抵挡螺母156为标准件外六角螺母。
紧固连接结构的拆卸方法包括以下步骤:
先将抵挡螺母156与螺杆157的第一外螺纹部158分离;
再用夹钳159将止转套153从第一止转孔151中取出:夹钳159包括可转动地枢接在一起地左钳体160、右钳体161,在左钳体160的夹持端部162的底面设有夹持凸柱163,在右钳体161的夹持端部164的底面设有夹持凸柱165,夹持凸柱163、夹持凸柱165分别与夹持圆通孔155配合;将夹钳159张开,夹持凸柱163伸入一个夹持圆通孔155内,夹持凸柱165伸入另一个夹持圆通孔155内,再收拢夹钳159,将止转套153从第一止转孔151中取出;
再将锁紧螺母与螺杆157分离;
再将螺杆157从附体166、母体167中取出,完成紧固连接结构的拆卸。
实施例9
如图19至图21所示,与实施例7不同的是,第一止转孔190的孔壁为内齿轮形状,第一止转孔190的孔壁上周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形槽,单个梯形槽形成一个第一止转部191。止转套192的外周为与第一止转孔190的孔壁配合的外齿轮形,止转套192外周周向均匀排列多个轴向的梯形齿,单个梯形齿形成第二止转部193。止转套192的厚度小于第一止转孔190的深度。在止转套192上设有两个关于止转套192的轴线对称的夹持圆通孔203。
止转套限位件为扣盖194。在锁紧螺母195的外周设有卡槽201。扣盖194包括正六角形的扣盖本体196,在扣盖本体196内设有容置锁紧螺母195的容置腔197,在容置腔197的开孔端设有六个向内凸出容置腔197的腔壁的抵挡部198,每个抵挡部198的两侧与容置腔197的腔壁间设有开槽199,每个抵挡部198与相应的两开槽199间的容置腔197的腔壁形成一个内扣的弹性卡扣200。弹性卡扣200的抵挡部198向内扣在锁紧螺母195的卡槽201内对止转套192背离母体202的一侧轴向限位,锁紧螺母195部分容置在扣盖194的容置腔197内。
实施例10
如图22至图24所示,与实施例9不同的是,在第一外螺纹部221的端面上设有安装部222,在安装部222外周上设有周向的卡槽223,安装部222的最大外径小于第一外螺纹部221的底径。
在扣盖224朝向母体225的一侧设有凹腔226,在凹腔226的底面上凸设由四个与卡槽223配合的向内扣合的弹性卡扣227。凹腔壁228的环状端面229的外径小于止转套230的最大外径,内径大于止转套230的最小内径,这样确保环状端面229能抵挡在止转套230的背离母体225的端面上。
扣盖224的弹性卡扣227扣在螺杆的安装部222的卡槽223内,凹腔壁228的环状端面229抵挡在止转套230背离母体225的端面上在对止转套230轴向限位。
实施例11
如图25至图27所示,与实施例9不同的是,锁紧螺母251包括螺母本体252,在螺母本体252的外周上设有抵挡凸环253,螺母本体252两侧均轴向凸出抵挡凸环253。
扣盖254包括正六角形的扣盖本体255,在扣盖本体255内设有容置锁紧螺母251的凹腔256,在凹腔256的底面设有避空螺杆的通孔257,在凹腔256的开孔端的端面上设有六个垂直开口端的端面凸设再向外弯曲再垂直开口端的端面弯曲的凸条258,在凸条258端部朝内的面上径向凸设有抵挡部259,一个凸条258和其上的抵挡部259形成一个弹性卡扣260。扣盖本体255与弹性卡扣260形成与锁紧螺母251的抵挡凸环253、抵挡凸环253背离母体一侧的螺母本体252配合的容置腔261。锁紧螺母251背离第一止转孔的一侧凸出抵挡凸环253的轴向长度大于扣盖254上的抵挡部259的轴向长度,使扣盖254有足够的空间可以扣在锁紧螺母251的抵挡凸环253上。
弹性卡扣260的抵挡部259向内扣在锁紧螺母251的抵挡凸环253上对止转套背离抵挡部259的一侧轴向限位,部分螺母本体252和抵挡凸环253容置在扣盖254的容置腔261内。
实施例12
如图28至图30所示,与实施例9不同的是,锁紧螺母281为设有一个阶梯部的阶梯形状。
扣盖282包括正六角形的扣盖本体283,在扣盖本体283内设有容置锁紧螺母281的凹腔284,在凹腔284的底面设有避空螺杆285的通孔286,在凹腔284的开孔端的端面上设有六个垂直开口端的端面凸设再向外圆弧弯曲再向内圆弧弯曲再垂直开口端的端面弯曲的凸条287,在凸条287端部朝内的面上径向凸设有抵挡部288,一个凸条287和其上的抵挡部288形成一个弹性卡扣289。扣盖本体283与弹性卡扣289形成与锁紧螺母281的大端配合的容置空间290。锁紧螺母281的阶梯面为与弹性卡扣289的抵挡部288配合的抵挡面,锁紧螺母281的阶梯面与锁紧螺母281小端的外周面形成容置弹性卡扣289的抵挡部288的容置空间291。
弹性卡扣289的抵挡部288向内扣在锁紧螺母281的阶梯面上对止转套292背离抵挡部288的一侧轴向限位,锁紧螺母281大端容置在扣盖282的容置空间290内。
实施例13
如图31至图33所示,与实施例9不同的是,锁紧螺母301为设有一个阶梯部的阶梯形状。
扣盖302包括正六角形的扣盖本体303,在扣盖本体303内设有容置锁紧螺母301的凹腔304,在凹腔304的底面设有避空螺杆305的通孔306,在凹腔304的开孔端的端面上设有六个垂直开口端的端面凸设的凸条307,在凸条307端部朝内的面上径向凸设有抵挡部309,一个凸条307和其上的抵挡部309形成一个弹性卡扣310。扣盖本体303与弹性卡扣310形成与锁紧螺母301的大端配合的容置腔311。锁紧螺母301的阶梯面312为与弹性卡扣310的抵挡部309配合的抵挡面,锁紧螺母301的阶梯面312与锁紧螺母301小端的外周面形成容置弹性卡扣310的抵挡部309的容置空间313。
弹性卡扣310的抵挡部309向内扣在锁紧螺母301的阶梯面312上对止转套314背离抵挡部309的一侧轴向限位,锁紧螺母301大端容置在扣盖302的容置腔311内。
实施例14
如图34、图35所示,与实施例9不同的是,止转套限位件为卡环351。在螺杆352的第一外螺纹部353的端面上设有安装部354,在安装部354的外周上设有环状的卡槽355,卡槽355靠近第一外螺纹部353的侧壁与第一外螺纹部353的端面齐平,这样卡环351对止转套 356轴向限位时使止转套356与锁紧螺母357、卡环351间无轴向间隙,止转套356在卡槽355内不会轴向移动,对振动大的场合大大降低噪音。安装部354的最大外径小于第一外螺纹部353的底径。卡环351安装在卡槽355内对止转套356背离母体358的一侧轴向限位。实施例15
如图36、图37所示,与实施例1不同的是,紧固连接组件包括螺杆371、锁紧螺母372、止转套373。螺杆371上依次设有抵挡部374、与锁紧螺母372的螺纹通孔375配合的第一外螺纹部376、止转轴377。止转套373与锁紧螺母372的第一止转孔378间填充有固定胶379,固定胶379将止转套373固定在第一止转孔378内对止转套373轴向限位。
实施例16
如图38、图39所示,与实施例7不同的是,止转套限位件为弹性的橡胶帽393。锁紧螺母391设有与第一止转孔392同轴并连通的用于避空橡胶帽393的容置圆孔394。第一止转孔392的孔壁为内齿轮形状,第一止转孔392的孔壁上周向均匀排列多个轴向的三角形槽,单个三角形槽形成一个第一止转部395。锁紧螺母391的外周为花键形,在锁紧螺母391的外周远离容置圆孔394的一端径向凸出抵挡圆凸环396。第一止转孔392的深度等于止转套397的厚度。
止转套397的外周为与第一止转孔392的孔壁配合的外齿轮形,止转套397外周周向均匀排列多个轴向的三角形齿,单个三角形齿形成第二止转部398。在止转套397的外周设有两个关于止转套397的轴线对称、用于拆卸止转套397的的轴向的夹持凹陷部399。夹持凹陷部399由相隔三角形齿的相对的两个面和连接相隔三角形齿的相对的两个面的圆弧面形成。止转通孔400的孔壁包括大于180°圆弧壁的和连接圆弧壁的平面壁,连接圆弧壁的平面壁形成一个第三止转部402。
螺杆403上依次设有抵挡部404、光杆部405与锁紧螺母391的螺纹通孔406配合的第一外螺纹部407。在第一外螺纹部407上设有与止转套397的止转通孔400的平面的第三止转部402配合的平面的第四止转部408,设有第四止转部408的第一外螺纹部407的外周与止转通孔400配合。
橡胶帽393包括外周与止转套397的容置圆孔394配合的圆柱形部409和圆柱形部409一端的端面相连的球形部410,在圆柱形部409另一端的轴心位置设有与螺杆403的第一外螺纹部407配合的盲孔411,在盲孔411的孔壁上凸设有圆环状的弹性的抵挡环401。
止转套397安装在锁紧螺母391的第一止转孔392内和螺杆403设有第四止转部408的第一外螺纹部407外,橡胶帽393通过弹性变形使抵挡环401紧配合地套在第一外螺纹部407外对止转套397的一侧限位,橡胶帽393的圆柱形部409容置在锁紧螺母391的容置圆孔394内。橡胶帽393覆盖第一止转孔392。止转套397的止转通孔400与螺杆403设有第四止转部408的第一外螺纹部407配合使止转套397的平面的第三止转部402与螺杆403的平面的第四止转部408贴合约束螺杆403相对止转套397旋转,螺杆403与锁紧螺母391不可转动地安装在一起。
实施例17
如图40所示,与实施例16不同的是,第四止转部428为设置在第一外螺纹部426上的轴向的止转槽,止转槽为割尾槽,横截面为V形,从螺杆425的尾端向螺杆425的抵挡部逐渐变小;止转套421的第三止转部424为凸设在止转通孔422的孔壁上一条轴向的止转条,止转条与止转槽形成凹凸配合。
实施例18
如图41所示,与实施例16不同的是,止转通孔431的孔壁由两个关于止转套432的轴线对称的平面壁和连接两平面壁的两圆弧形壁组成。在第一外螺纹部434上设有与止转套432的止转通孔431的两个平面的第三止转部435配合的平面的第四止转部436,设有第四止转部436的第一外螺纹部434的外周与止转通孔431配合。
实施例19
如图42、图43所示,紧固连接结构与实施例8不同的是,在止转套441的一个端面上均匀分布三个轴向凸出止转套441的圆锥形的支撑部442。在止转通孔443的孔壁上仅设有一个止转条444。
止转套441安装在锁紧螺母445的第一止转孔446内和螺杆447设有止转条444的第一外螺纹部448外,止转套441的支撑部442支撑在第一止转孔446的底部使止转套441与第一止转孔446的底面形成用于拆卸止转套441时供拆卸工具如夹钳的夹持勾(未示出)通过夹持孔449进入的取出空间450,从而使夹钳夹持止转套441的夹持力大大增加,确保拆卸紧固连接组件时,止转套441能从锁紧螺母445内取出。
实施例20
如图44至图46所示,与实施例8不同的是,锁紧螺母461内依次设有螺纹通孔462,与螺纹通孔462连通的夹持圆通孔463与夹持圆通孔463连通的内齿轮形状的第一止转孔464,夹持圆通孔463的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔462的孔径,第一止转孔464的最小孔径大于第一止转孔464的孔径。
止转套465安装在锁紧螺母461的第一止转孔464内和螺杆466设有止转条467的第一外螺纹部外468,止转套465的一个端面支撑在第一止转孔464的底面上,止转套465与夹持圆通孔463之间形成用于拆卸止转套465时供夹钳472的夹持勾通过夹持孔469进入的取出空间471,从而使夹钳夹持止转套465的夹持力大大增加,确保拆卸紧固连接组件时,止转套465能从锁紧螺母461内取出。
紧固连接结构的拆卸方法包括以下步骤:
先将抵挡螺母470与螺杆466的第一外螺纹部外468分离;再用夹钳472将止转套465从第一止转孔464中取出:夹钳472包括可转动地枢接在一起地左钳体473、右钳体474,在左钳体473的夹持端部的底面设有左夹持凸柱475,在右钳体474的夹持端部的底面设有右夹持凸柱476,在左夹持凸柱475、右夹持凸柱476的末端分别设有结构相同且相对的左夹持勾477与右夹持勾478,左夹持柱和左夹持勾477的最大共同外径小于止转套465的夹持圆通孔463的最小外径;将夹钳472张开,左夹持勾477穿过一个夹持圆通孔463内伸入止转套465与夹持圆通孔463之间的取出空间471内,右夹持勾478穿过另一个夹持圆通孔463内伸入止转套465与夹持圆通孔463之间的取出空间471内,再收拢夹钳472,止转套465朝向锁紧螺母461的螺纹通孔462一侧的端部被左夹持勾477和右夹持勾478抵挡,将止转套465从第一止转孔464中取出;再将锁紧螺母461与螺杆466分离;再将螺杆466从附体、母体中取出,完成紧固连接结构的拆卸。
实施例21
如图47、图48所示,与实施例1不同的是,母体481上设有盲孔482。
紧固连接组件还包括一体式结构的膨胀套483。在螺杆484的抵挡部485的外周设有驱动膨胀套483膨胀的驱动锥面486。在膨胀套483上设有与螺杆484的光杆部487配合的通孔488,和与膨胀套483的一个端面、外侧面和通孔488连通地轴向开槽489。
在止转套494的外周设有两个关于止转套494的轴线对称的轴向的夹持凹陷部495。
螺杆484设有第一外螺纹部490的一端穿过膨胀套483的通孔488,螺杆484的抵挡部485、膨胀套483安装在母体481上的盲孔482内;螺杆484设有第一外螺纹部490的一端穿过附体491上的通孔492与锁紧螺母493螺纹连接,驱动锥面486与膨胀套483上的通孔488的孔壁设有开槽489的一端配合胀开膨胀套483,膨胀套483与母体481间的胀紧摩擦力将膨胀套483固定在母体481的孔内,螺杆484的抵挡部485被膨胀套483轴向抵挡;锁紧螺母493轴向抵挡附体491,螺杆484、膨胀套483和锁紧螺母493将母体481和附体491紧固连接在一起。
实施例22
如图49、图50所示,与实施例21不同的是,螺杆513包括抵挡部507、光杆部508、第一外螺纹部514。在螺杆513的抵挡部507的外周设有驱动膨胀套509膨胀的驱动锥面510。止转通孔511的孔壁上设有三条周向均匀分布的轴向的止转条,一条止转条形成一个第三止转部512。在螺杆513的第一外螺纹部514上设有与止转套515上的三条止转条一一配合的轴向的三条止转槽,一条止转槽形成一个与第三止转部512配合的第四止转部516。止转套 515的第三止转部512伸入螺杆513的第四止转部516内约束螺杆513相对止转套515旋转。
实施例23
如图51、图52所示,与实施例1不同的是,母体531上设有盲孔532。
紧固连接组件还包括三瓣膨胀件533、线簧534。膨胀件533包括膨胀件本体535,分别设置在膨胀件本体535两端的内周上的膨胀用锥面537和膨胀用锥面538,设置在膨胀件本体535外周的线簧容置槽539;通过线簧534安装在线簧容置槽539内将三瓣膨胀件533合抱在一起组成膨胀套541。
在螺杆542的抵挡部543的外周设有驱动膨胀套541膨胀、与膨胀用锥面537配合的驱动锥面544。
锁紧螺母545包括圆柱形的抵挡部546,与抵挡部546端面相连的圆柱形的连接部547,大端与连接部547相连、用来驱动膨胀套541膨胀、与膨胀用锥面538配合的圆锥形的驱动锥面548,抵挡部546径向凸出连接部547。锁紧螺母545的轴心位置设有与第一外螺纹部549配合的螺纹通孔550和与螺纹通孔550连通的第一止转孔551。
螺杆542的第一外螺纹部549穿过膨胀套541,螺杆542的抵挡部543、膨胀套541安装在母体531上的盲孔532内;螺杆542的第一外螺纹部549再穿过附体552上的通孔553与锁紧螺母545螺纹连接;驱动锥面544相对膨胀用锥面537滑动驱动膨胀套541膨胀,驱动锥面548相对膨胀用锥面538滑动驱动膨胀套541膨胀,在膨胀套541完全膨胀状态,膨胀套541与母体531间的胀紧摩擦力将膨胀套541固定在母体531的孔内,螺杆542的抵挡部543上的驱动锥面544被膨胀套541的膨胀用锥面537轴向抵挡,附体552被锁紧螺母545的抵挡部546抵挡,螺杆542、膨胀套541和锁紧螺母545将母体531和附体552紧固连接在一起;螺杆542的止转轴554置于锁紧螺母545的第一止转孔551内,锁紧螺母545的第一止转部555与螺杆542的第四止转部位置关系对应556。
实施例24
如图53所示,与实施例21不同的是,螺杆573包括抵挡部567、光杆部568、第一外螺纹部574。在螺杆573的抵挡部567的外周设有驱动锥面569。止转套570的止转通孔571的孔壁上设有三条周向均匀分布的轴向的止转条,一条止转条形成一个第三止转部572。在止转通孔571的外周端面上设有两个关于止转套570的轴线对称的轴向的用于拆卸止转套570的夹持孔576。在螺杆573的第一外螺纹部574上设有与止转套570上的三条止转条一一配合的轴向的三条止转槽,一条止转槽形成一个与第三止转部572配合的第四止转部575。止转套570的第三止转部572伸入螺杆573的第四止转部575内约束螺杆573相对止转套570旋转。
实施例25
如图54至56所示,与实施例1不同的是,母体591上设有盲孔592。
紧固连接组件还包括三瓣结构相同的膨胀件593、线簧594、线簧595、驱动螺母596。
膨胀件593包括膨胀件本体597,径向凸设在膨胀件本体597的外周上尖角形的楔形抵挡部598和线簧容置槽599、线簧容置槽600,分别设置在膨胀件本体597两端的内周上的第一膨胀用锥面601和第二膨胀用锥面602,连接第一膨胀用锥面601和第二膨胀用锥面602的圆柱形的曲面603,通过线簧594安装在线簧容置槽599、通过线簧595安装在线簧容置槽600内将三瓣膨胀件593合抱在一起组成膨胀套604;膨胀套604上相应的抵挡部598周向分布形成断开的独立环状。膨胀件593上单个楔形抵挡部598的横截面为三角形。
螺杆605包括依次包括圆柱形的抵挡部606,大端与抵挡部606相连的圆锥形的抵挡部607,与抵挡部607的小端相连的圆柱形的连接部608,小端与连接部608相连的圆锥形的第一驱动锥面609,与第一驱动锥面609小端相连的第一外螺纹部610,与第一外螺纹部610的端面相连的止转轴611,与止转轴611端面相连的外螺纹部612。在止转轴611的外周设有第四止转部613,止转轴611的外周为花键形。止转轴611外周上的一条轴向凸条形成一个第四止转部613。抵挡部606径向出抵挡部607,止转轴611的最大外径小于或等于第一外螺纹部610的螺纹底径,大于外螺纹部612的最大外径。
驱动螺母596包括圆柱形抵挡部614,大端与抵挡部614端面相连的圆锥形的抵挡部615,与抵挡部615小端相连的圆柱形的连接部616,大端与连接部616相连的圆锥形的第二驱动锥面617,抵挡部614径向凸出抵挡部615的大端。驱动螺母596的轴心位置设有与第 一外螺纹部610配合的螺纹孔622,抵挡部614的端面设有六个两两关于驱动螺母596轴线对称的圆夹持孔618。
在母体591的盲孔592的孔壁上设有与楔形抵挡部598配合的环状的楔形抵挡槽619,单个楔形抵挡槽619的横截面为三角形;附体620上设有通孔621。附体620上的通孔621的孔径小于母体591上的盲孔592的孔径。
螺杆605的第一外螺纹部610穿过膨胀套604与驱动螺母596的螺纹孔622螺纹连接,螺杆605的抵挡部606、抵挡部607、连接部608、第一驱动锥面609和部分第一外螺纹部610、及膨胀套604、驱动螺母596安装在母体591上的盲孔592内;在膨胀套604未膨胀状态,膨胀套604的第一膨胀用锥面601合抱在螺杆605的第一驱动锥面609上,膨胀套604的第二膨胀用锥面602合抱在驱动螺母596的第二驱动锥面617上。第一驱动锥面609相对第一膨胀用锥面601滑动、第二驱动锥面617相对第二膨胀用锥面602滑动驱动膨胀套604膨胀,在膨胀套604完全膨胀状态,膨胀套604一端的端面抵挡在螺杆605的抵挡部606上,螺杆605的第一驱动锥面609越过第一膨胀用锥面601置于膨胀套604的圆柱形的曲面603内;膨胀套604另一端的端面抵挡在驱动螺母596的抵挡部614上,驱动螺母596的第二驱动锥面617越过第二膨胀用锥面602置于膨胀套604的圆柱形的曲面603内;楔形抵挡部598伸入相应的楔形抵挡槽619内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,膨胀套604上的楔形抵挡部598被母体591的上的楔形抵挡槽619轴向抵挡,螺杆605、膨胀套604、驱动螺母596与母体591连接固定在一起,螺杆605的抵挡部606被膨胀套604轴向抵挡。
螺杆605的第一外螺纹部610穿过附体620上的通孔621与锁紧螺母623螺纹连接,锁紧螺母623轴向抵挡附体620,螺杆605、膨胀套604和锁紧螺母623将母体591和附体620紧固连接在一起。
实施例26
如图57所示,与实施例23不同的是,螺杆643包括依次包括圆柱形的抵挡部,大端与抵挡部相连的圆锥形的抵挡部,与抵挡部的小端相连的圆柱形的连接部,小端与连接部相连的圆锥形的第一驱动锥面,与第一驱动锥面小端相连的第一外螺纹部644。
止转套640的止转通孔641的孔壁上设有三条周向均匀分布的轴向的止转条,一条止转条形成一个第三止转部642。在螺杆643的第一外螺纹部644上设有与止转套640上的三条止转条一一配合的轴向的三条止转槽,一条止转槽形成一个与第三止转部642配合的第四止转部645。止转套640的第三止转部642伸入螺杆643的第四止转部645内约束螺杆643相对止转套640旋转。
实施例27
如图58至图60所示,一种轨道结构,包括紧固连接组件、绝缘缓冲垫板661、铁垫板下调高垫板662、铁垫板663、轨下垫板664、导轨665、绝缘块666、弹条667。弹条为W形弹条。
紧固连接组件与实施例1不同是,螺杆668依次包括第一外螺纹部669、光杆部670、止转抵挡部671,在止转抵挡部671上设有两个关于螺杆668轴线对称的止转平面672。锁紧螺母678的正六角形的外周凸设有抵挡圆凸环673。
在铁垫板663上位于导轨665的两侧均设有抵挡凸部675。在每侧抵挡凸部675的外侧依次设有与第一外螺纹部669配合的与通孔676、弹条支撑部682。在铁垫板663的底面上设有与通孔676连通、与抵挡部671配合地止转槽677。
绝缘缓冲垫板661安装在地基上,铁垫板663下调高垫板662安装在绝缘缓冲垫板661上,铁垫板663安装在铁垫板663下调高垫板662上,轨下垫板664安装在铁垫板663上,导轨665安装在轨下垫板664上。轨下垫板664、导轨665置于两抵挡凸部675之间;绝缘块666分别安装在导轨665的两侧与铁垫板663的两抵挡凸部675之间,铁垫板663两侧抵挡凸部675对两侧绝缘块666限位,两侧的绝缘块666对导轨665的两侧限位
螺杆668的止转抵挡部671从上向下穿过铁垫板663上的与通孔676并旋转安装在止转槽677内。铁垫板663上的与通孔676置于同一侧的抵挡凸部675与弹条支撑部682之间,第一外螺纹部669向上穿过弹条667,弹条667支撑在相应的绝缘块666和弹条支撑部682上,第一外螺纹部669凸出弹条667与锁紧螺母678的螺纹通孔679螺纹连接,止转抵挡部671轴向抵挡铁垫板663,锁紧螺母678设有抵挡圆凸环673的一端轴向抵挡弹条667,螺杆 668和锁紧螺母678将铁垫板663和弹条667紧固连接在一起;止转抵挡部671与止转槽677配合约束螺杆668相对于铁垫板663旋转。
锁紧螺母678、止转套680、抵挡螺母681与实施例1的锁紧螺母、止转套、抵挡螺母的结构及安装关系完全相同。
实施例28
如图58至图60所示,一种轨道结构,包括紧固连接组件,预埋地基674内的预埋套管700,从下向上依次安装的绝缘缓冲垫板661、铁垫板下调高垫板662、用于承载轨道的铁垫板663、平垫块701。
紧固连接组件与实施例25不同的是,在膨胀件本体702的外周上仅设有一个环状的抵挡部703。
在绝缘缓冲垫板661、铁垫板下调高垫板662、铁垫板663、平垫块701均设有一一对应的通孔704、通孔705、通孔706、通孔707。
预埋套管700预埋在与铁垫板663的通孔706对应位置的地基674上的盲孔内,在预埋套管700内设有盲孔708,在预埋套管700的孔壁上仅设有一圈与抵挡部703配合的环状的抵挡槽709。绝缘缓冲垫板661的通孔704、铁垫板下调高垫板662的通孔705、铁垫板663上的通孔706、预埋套管700上的盲孔708的孔径相同,大于平垫块701上的通孔707的孔径。
螺杆710的第一外螺纹部711穿过膨胀套712与驱动螺母713螺纹连接,螺杆710的抵挡部714、抵挡部715、连接部716、第一驱动锥面717和部分第一外螺纹部711、及膨胀套712、驱动螺母713安装在预埋套管700上的盲孔708内。在膨胀套712完全膨胀状态,膨胀套712的抵挡部703伸入预埋套管700的抵挡槽709内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,膨胀套712上的抵挡部703被预埋套管700的上的抵挡槽709轴向抵挡,螺杆710、膨胀套712、驱动螺母713与预埋套管700连接固定在一起,螺杆710的抵挡部714被膨胀套712轴向抵挡。
螺杆710的第一外螺纹部711穿过绝缘缓冲垫板661的通孔704、铁垫板下调高垫板662的通孔705、铁垫板663上的通孔706、平垫块701上的通孔707与锁紧螺母718螺纹连接,锁紧螺母718轴向抵挡平垫块701,螺杆710、膨胀套712和锁紧螺母718将预埋套管700与绝缘缓冲垫板661、铁垫板下调高垫板662铁垫板663、平垫块701紧固连接在一起。
锁紧螺母718、止转套719、抵挡螺母720与实施例1的锁紧螺母、止转套、抵挡螺母的结构及安装关系完全相同。
实施例29
如图61、图62所示,与实施例27不同的是,止转套741的止转通孔742孔壁为圆孔,止转通孔742的孔壁上设有径向凸出一个止转条743,一个止转条743形成一个第三止转部744。
螺杆745依次包括止转抵挡部746、光杆部747、与锁紧螺母748的螺纹通孔749配合的第一外螺纹部750,螺杆745的第一外螺纹部750上设有与止转套741的止转条743配合的轴向的止转槽751,一个止转槽751形成一个与第三止转部744配合的第四止转部752。
实施例30
如图63、图64所示,一种骨连接装置,包括紧固连接组件、连接件791。
紧固连接组件与实施例9相同。
在连接件791上设有四个通孔792、通孔793、通孔794、通孔795。连接件791上的通孔792对应螺杆796、锁紧螺母798、止转套799、扣盖800。连接件791上的通孔793对应螺杆801、锁紧螺母802、止转套803、扣盖804。连接件791上的通孔794对应螺杆805、锁紧螺母806、止转套807、扣盖808。连接件791上的通孔795对应螺杆809、锁紧螺母810、止转套811、扣盖812。
螺杆796的第一外螺纹部797穿过连接件791上的通孔792、断骨813与锁紧螺母798螺纹连接,螺杆801的第一外螺纹部814穿过连接件791上的通孔793、断骨813与锁紧螺母802螺纹连接。螺杆796与锁紧螺母798、螺杆801与锁紧螺母802将断骨813与连接件791紧固连接在一起。
螺杆805的第一外螺纹部815穿过连接件791上的通孔794、断骨817与锁紧螺母806 螺纹连接,螺杆809的第一外螺纹部816穿过连接件791上的通孔795、断骨817与锁紧螺母810螺纹连接,螺杆805与锁紧螺母806、螺杆809与锁紧螺母810将断骨817与连接件791紧固连接在一起。
骨连接装置的骨连接方法包括以下步骤:
将螺杆796的第一外螺纹部797穿过连接件791上的通孔792、断骨813与锁紧螺母798螺纹连接,将螺杆801的第一外螺纹部814穿过连接件791上的通孔793、断骨813与锁紧螺母802螺纹连接,螺杆796与锁紧螺母798、螺杆801与锁紧螺母802将断骨813与连接件791紧固连接在一起。将螺杆805的第一外螺纹部815穿过连接件791上的通孔794、断骨817与锁紧螺母806螺纹连接,螺杆809的第一外螺纹部816穿过连接件791上的通孔795、断骨817与锁紧螺母810螺纹连接,螺杆805与锁紧螺母806、螺杆809与锁紧螺母810将断骨817与连接件791紧固连接在一起。
与相应螺杆安装在一起的锁紧螺母、止转套、抵挡螺母与实施例10的锁紧螺母、止转套、抵挡螺母的结构及安装关系完全相同。
实施例31
如图65、图66所示,曲轴连杆机构包括紧固连接组件、曲轴941、连杆组。
紧固连接组件与实施例1不同的是,在螺杆942的抵挡部943上设有一止转平面944。
连杆组包括连杆体951、连杆大头盖952、连杆大头轴瓦953。连杆体951包括连杆大头945和连杆小头946。连杆大头945上设有通孔954,连杆大头盖952上设有通孔955。
连杆大头轴瓦953合包在曲轴941外,连杆大头945和连杆大头盖952合包在连杆大头轴瓦953外;螺杆942的第一外螺纹部947穿过连杆大头945上的通孔954、连杆大头盖952上的通孔955与锁紧螺母948螺纹连接,螺杆942的抵挡部943的止转平面944抵靠在连杆大头945上,螺杆942与连杆大头945不可转动地安装在一起,抵挡部943轴向抵挡连杆大头945,锁紧螺母948轴向抵挡连杆大头盖952,螺杆942和锁紧螺母948将连杆大头945和连杆大头盖952紧固连接在一起。
锁紧螺母948、止转套949、抵挡螺母950与实施例1的锁紧螺母、止转套、抵挡螺母的结构及安装关系完全相同。
实施例32
如图67所示,与实施例29不同的是,螺杆973包括抵挡部968、光杆部969和第一外螺纹部第一外螺纹部974。止转套970的止转通孔971的孔壁上设有三条周向均匀分布的轴向的止转条,一条止转条形成一个第三止转部972。在螺杆973的第一外螺纹部974上设有与止转套970上的三条止转条一一配合的轴向的三条止转槽,一条止转槽形成一个与第三止转部972配合的第四止转部975。止转套970的第三止转部972伸入螺杆973的第四止转部975内约束螺杆973相对止转套970旋转。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种紧固连接组件,包括螺杆、锁紧螺母、止转套;螺杆上设有抵挡部、第一外螺纹部;抵挡部径向凸出第一外螺纹部;
    锁紧螺母内设有螺纹通孔和与螺纹通孔连通的第一止转孔,第一止转孔的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔的最大孔径;第一止转孔的孔壁上设有周向均匀排列六个以上的轴向的第一止转部;
    止转套的外周设有与第一止转部配合、周向均匀排列的第二止转部;止转套上设有轴向的止转通孔,止转通孔的孔壁上设有一个以上轴向的第三止转部;所述的止转套设有第二止转部的外周与所述的锁紧螺母的第一止转孔的孔壁配合;
    在螺杆上设有与第三止转部配合的第四止转部;
    其特征在于:在锁紧螺母和/或止转套上、设有将安装在螺杆外和第一止转孔内的止转套取出的取出结构;所述的取出结构包括设置在止转套上两个轴向的夹持孔或设置在止转套的外周上、与止转套外周连通的两个轴向的夹持凹陷部;
    锁紧螺母的螺纹通孔与第一外螺纹部螺纹连接,设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内,止转套被轴向限位在第一止转孔内;第一止转部与第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,第三止转部与第四止转部配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转,螺杆和锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的取出结构还包括在止转套朝向第一止转孔的底面的一侧与第一止转孔底部形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通、供拆卸工具的夹持钩穿过夹持孔或夹持凹陷部进入的取出空间。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的取出结构还包括设置在止转套的一个端面上、设有三个以上同侧轴向凸出止转套端面的支撑部;支撑部使止转套朝向第一止转孔的底面的一侧与第一止转孔底部间形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通的所述的取出空间。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:在锁紧螺母的螺纹通孔和第一止转孔间还设有与螺纹通孔和第一止转孔连通的取出孔,取出孔的最小孔径大于螺纹通孔的孔径,最大孔径小于第一止转孔的最小孔径;止转套朝向第一止转孔的底面的一侧与取出孔形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通的所述的取出空间。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:在第一外螺纹部背离抵挡部的端面上设有与止转通孔配合的止转轴,所述的第四止转部设置在止转轴的外周;止转轴的最大外径小于或等于第一外螺纹部的螺纹底径;
    止转轴置于第一止转孔内,止转套安装在止转轴外并置于第一止转孔内。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的第三止转部为凸设在止转通孔的孔壁上一条以上轴向的止转条;所述的第四止转部为设置在第一外螺纹部上与止转条一一配合的轴向的止转槽;所述的止转槽为碾压成型的槽,在搓制螺杆的第一外螺纹部时碾压成型;止转套上的止转条伸入螺杆的止转槽内约束止转套相对螺杆旋转。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的止转通孔的孔壁由圆弧面和连接圆弧面的止转平面构成;所述的第三止转部为止转通孔的孔壁上的止转套止转平面;所述的第四止转部为设置在第一外螺纹部上与止转套止转平面配合的螺杆止转平面;止转套止转平面与螺杆止转平面配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的第四止转部为设置在第一外螺纹部上一条以上轴向的止转槽,所述的止转槽为割尾槽,横截面为V形,从螺杆的尾端向螺杆的抵挡部逐渐变小;所述的第三止转部为凸设在止转通孔的孔壁上止转条,止转条与止转槽形成凹凸配合。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的紧固连接组件还包括止转套 限位件;所述的止转套限位件为卡环或为设有两个以上内扣的弹性卡扣的扣盖;卡环或扣盖安装在螺杆上或锁紧螺母上对止转套一侧轴向限位。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的止转套限位件为设有两个以上内扣的弹性卡扣的扣盖,扣盖内设有容置锁紧螺母的容置空间;在锁紧螺母的外周设有与弹性卡扣配合的抵挡部;弹性卡扣向内扣在锁紧螺母的抵挡部上对止转套一侧轴向限位,锁紧螺母容置在扣盖的容置空间内。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的止转套限位件为弹性的抵挡帽;在抵挡帽上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的盲孔,在盲孔的孔壁上凸设有圆环状的弹性的抵挡环;止转套安装在锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内和螺杆设有第四止转部的第一外螺纹部外,抵挡帽通过弹性变形使抵挡环过盈配合地套在螺杆外对止转套的一侧轴向限位;抵挡帽覆盖锁紧螺母的第一止转孔。
  12. 如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:还包括一体式结构的膨胀套;在螺杆的抵挡部的外周设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的驱动锥面;在膨胀套上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合地通孔,和与膨胀套的一个端面、外侧面和通孔连通地轴向开槽;螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接。
  13. 如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:还包括两瓣以上的膨胀件;所述膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,设置在膨胀件本体内周与驱动锥面配合的膨胀用锥面;所述膨胀件合抱在一起组成膨胀套;在螺杆的抵挡部的外周设有驱动膨胀套膨胀、与膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接。
  14. 如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求所述的一种紧固连接组件,其特征在于:还包括两瓣以上的膨胀件、驱动螺母;在螺杆的抵挡部的外周设有第一驱动锥面;在驱动螺母的外周设有第二驱动锥面;
    所述膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上的膨胀套抵挡部,设置在膨胀件本体内周与第一驱动锥面配合的第一膨胀用锥面、与第二驱动锥面配合地第二膨胀用锥面;所述膨胀件合抱在一起组成膨胀套;合抱在一起的膨胀件组成的膨胀套形成的通孔与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合;膨胀套上相应的膨胀套抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状;
    螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套依次与驱动螺母、锁紧螺母螺纹连接。
  15. 一种包含如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求的所述紧固连接组件的紧固连接结构,其特征在于:紧固连接结构还包括母体、附体;母体上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔,附体上设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔;
    螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过母体上的通孔、附体上的通孔与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆和锁紧螺母将母体和附体紧固连接在一起;设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;
    止转套安装在锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内和设有第四止转部的螺杆外,止转套被轴向限位在第一止转部内;锁紧螺母的第一止转部与止转套的第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,止转套的第三止转部与螺杆的第四止转部配合约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,螺杆与锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
  16. 一种如权利要求15所述的紧固连接结构的拆卸方法,其特征在于:
    其特征在于拆卸方法包括以下步骤:
    用夹钳将止转套从第一止转孔中取出:夹钳包括可转动地枢接在一起地左钳体、右钳体,在左钳体的夹持端部的底面设有夹持凸柱,在右钳体的夹持端部的底面设有夹持凸柱,左钳体的夹持凸柱、右钳体的夹持凸柱最大外径小于止转套的夹持孔或夹持凹陷部的最小孔径;将夹钳张开,左钳体的夹持凸柱、右钳体的夹持凸柱分别伸入相应的夹持孔或夹持凹陷部内,再收拢夹钳,夹钳将止转套从第一止转孔中取出;
    再将锁紧螺母与螺杆分离。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的一种紧固连接结构的拆卸方法,其特征在于:在止转套朝向第一止 转孔的底面的一侧与第一止转孔底部、形成与夹持孔或夹持凹陷部连通的取出空间;
    在左钳体的夹持凸柱的端部上、朝向右钳体方向凸设有夹持钩,在右钳体的夹持凸柱的端部上、朝向左钳体方向凸设有夹持钩;
    左钳体的夹持凸柱和夹持钩、右钳体的夹持凸柱和夹持钩伸入相应的夹持孔或夹持凹陷部内且夹持钩径向伸入取出空间内,再收拢夹钳,夹钳的左夹持凸柱和右夹持凸柱夹紧止转套、左钳体的夹持钩和右钳体的夹持钩在背离止转套的取出方向抵挡止转套,夹钳将止转套从第一止转孔中取出。
  18. 一种包含如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求所述的紧固连接组件的轨道结构,其特征在于:所述的轨道结构还包括用于承载轨道的垫板、轨下垫板、导轨、绝缘块、弹条;所述的紧固连接组件还包括止转套限位件;所述的螺杆为T型螺杆;
    在垫板的底面上设有与通孔连通、与抵挡部配合的止转槽;在垫板两侧设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔,在垫板的底面上设有与通孔连通、与抵挡部配合的止转槽,在相应的两通孔之间靠近每一侧的通孔均设有抵挡凸部;在垫板两侧的通孔相背的两外侧设有弹条支撑部,垫板上的通孔置于同一侧的抵挡凸部与弹条支撑部之间;
    垫板安装在地基上,轨下垫板安装在垫板上,导轨安装在轨下垫板上,轨下垫板、导轨置于垫板的两抵挡凸部之间;绝缘块分别安装在导轨的两侧与垫板的两抵挡凸部之间,垫板两侧抵挡凸部对两侧绝缘块限位,两绝缘块对导轨的两侧和顶面限位;
    螺杆的抵挡部从上向下穿过垫板上的通孔并旋转安装在止转槽内;螺杆的第一外螺纹部向上穿过弹条与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,弹条支撑在相应的绝缘块和弹条支撑部上;或在垫板两侧的通孔相背的两外侧设有轨距挡板,垫板上的通孔置于同一侧的抵挡凸部与轨距挡板之间,第一外螺纹部向上穿过弹条与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,弹条支撑在相应的绝缘块和轨距挡板上;
    螺杆和锁紧螺母将垫板、轨下垫板、导轨、绝缘块、弹条紧固连接在一起;设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;抵挡部与止转槽配合约束螺杆相对于垫板旋转;
    止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内;止转套轴向限位在设有第四止转部的螺杆外和第一止转孔内;锁紧螺母的第一止转部与止转套的第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,止转套的第三止转部与螺杆的第四止转部配合约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,螺杆与锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
  19. 一种包含如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求所述的紧固连接组件的轨道结构,其特征在于:所述的轨道结构还包括预埋套管、用于承载轨道的垫板;
    在垫板的两侧均设有与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔;
    预埋套管预埋在与垫板的通孔对应位置的地基上的盲孔内,在预埋套管内设有孔,在预埋套管的孔壁上设有与膨胀套抵挡部配合的环状的抵挡槽;
    螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过膨胀套与驱动螺母螺纹连接,螺杆的抵挡部和第一驱动锥面、膨胀套、驱动螺母安装在预埋套管上的孔内;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,膨胀套的第一膨胀用锥面合抱在螺杆的第一驱动锥面上,膨胀套的第二膨胀用锥面合抱在驱动螺母的第二驱动锥面上;第一驱动锥面相对第一膨胀用锥面滑动、第二驱动锥面相对第二膨胀用锥面滑动驱动膨胀套膨胀,在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,膨胀套抵挡部伸入预埋套管的抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,膨胀套上的膨胀套抵挡部被预埋套管的上的抵挡槽轴向抵挡,螺杆、膨胀套、驱动螺母与预埋套管连接固定在一起,螺杆的抵挡部被膨胀套轴向抵挡;
    螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过垫板上的通孔与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,锁紧螺母轴向抵挡垫板,螺杆、膨胀套和锁紧螺母将和垫板与预埋套管紧固连接在一起。
  20. 一种包含如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求所述的紧固连接组件的曲轴连杆机构,其特征在于:所述的曲轴连杆机构包括曲轴、连杆组、紧固连接组件;连杆组包括连杆体、连杆大头盖、连杆大头轴瓦;连杆体包括连杆大头和连杆小头,连杆大头上设有通孔;连杆大头盖上设有通孔;紧固连接组件还包括止转套限位件;
    连杆大头轴瓦合包在曲轴外,连杆体大头和连杆大头盖合包在连杆大头轴瓦外;
    螺杆设有第一外螺纹部的一端穿过连杆大头上的通孔、连杆大头盖上的通孔与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆和锁紧螺母将连杆体和连杆大头盖紧固连接在一起;设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;
    止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内,止转套限位件与螺杆安装在一起或与连杆大头盖安装在一起对止转套一侧轴向限位;
    锁紧螺母的第一止转部与止转套的第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,止转套的第三止转部与螺杆的第四止转部配合约束螺杆相对止转套旋转,螺杆与锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
  21. 一种包含如权利要求1至11任意一项权利要求所述的紧固连接组件的骨连接装置,其特征在于:骨连接装置还包括连接件;所述的紧固连接组件还包括止转套限位件;
    在连接件上设有两个以上与螺杆的第一外螺纹部配合的通孔;一个所述的连接件上的通孔对应一个所述的螺杆、锁紧螺母、止转套、止转套限位件;
    螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过连接件上相应的通孔与锁紧螺母的螺纹通孔螺纹连接,设有第四止转部的螺杆置于锁紧螺母的第一止转孔内,锁紧螺母的第一止转部与螺杆的第四止转部位置关系对应;止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内;止转套限位件安装在螺杆上或连接件上对止转套轴向限位;第三止转部与第四止转部配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转,第一止转部与第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,螺杆和锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
  22. 一种使用如权利要求21所述的紧固连接组件的骨连接装置的骨连接方法,其特征在于连接方法包括以下步骤:
    将一个螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过连接件上的通孔、一个断骨与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆将一断骨与连接件紧固连接在一起;另一个螺杆的第一外螺纹部穿过连接件上的另一通孔、另一个断骨与锁紧螺母螺纹连接,螺杆将另一断骨与连接件紧固连接在一起;
    设有第四止转部的螺杆置于相应的第一止转孔内,螺杆的第四止转部与相应的第一止转孔的第一止转部位置关系对应;
    将止转套安装在设有第四止转部的螺杆外并置于第一止转孔内;将止转套限位件安装在螺杆上或连接件上对止转套轴向限位;
    第三止转部与第四止转部配合约束止转套相对螺杆旋转,第一止转部与第二止转部配合约束锁紧螺母相对止转套旋转,螺杆和锁紧螺母不可转动地安装在一起。
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