WO2016019919A1 - 一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件 - Google Patents

一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016019919A1
WO2016019919A1 PCT/CN2015/086419 CN2015086419W WO2016019919A1 WO 2016019919 A1 WO2016019919 A1 WO 2016019919A1 CN 2015086419 W CN2015086419 W CN 2015086419W WO 2016019919 A1 WO2016019919 A1 WO 2016019919A1
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Prior art keywords
expansion
driving
sleeve
core rod
expansion sleeve
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PCT/CN2015/086419
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨东佐
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杨东佐
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Publication of WO2016019919A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016019919A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an expansion fastening connection structure and a connection method, an expansion fastening connection assembly, and a detachable mechanical static connection, which can replace two or more objects mechanically and statically, such as a screw connection and an expansion screw connection.
  • a screw connection and an expansion screw connection High requirements and harsh environments on key parts of aircraft, ships, equipment, aerospace equipment, aircraft carriers, spacecraft, rockets, engines, nuclear reactors, trains, high-speed rail, railroad tracks, steel structures, steel bridges, automobiles, etc.
  • an expansion joint structure and a connection method for connecting mechanical parts with a large load, and an expansion fastening joint assembly are examples of mechanical parts with a large load, and an expansion fastening joint assembly.
  • the existing detachable mechanical static joints are generally threaded connections, keyed connections, pinned connections, expanded screw connections, etc., the most widely used being threaded connections.
  • the threaded connections need to be tightened.
  • the connection force between the threaded nut and the bolt is mainly manifested by the static friction generated by the pre-tightening force when tightening the thread and the bolt. Therefore, for the threaded connection of key objects, the preload force must be controlled to ensure the reliability of the work.
  • the second is the failure of the threaded connection caused by common fatigue damage.
  • the threaded connection is subjected to an alternating load and the pre-tightening force in the connection causes the connection to be loose.
  • the cyclic alternating load acts on the bolts that are only connected, the bolts are fatigue cracked or even broken due to the large alternating stress. Fatigue failure usually occurs in areas where stress concentration is severe, such as: screw head, thread closing end, thread at the screw support plane, and transition corners of the screw.
  • the third is the creep that causes the threaded connection to fail at high temperatures.
  • Creep refers to the slow plastic deformation of a metal material over a long period of time under constant temperature and constant stress. Creep can occur at stresses that are less than the yield limit of the material. At low temperatures, the creep is not obvious, and only when a certain temperature (about 3/10 of the melting temperature of the material) is reached becomes significant. Creep can cause failure of the threaded connection at high temperatures. In order to eliminate creep, compensation measures are taken when the connection is assembled at room temperature, such as increasing the preload, or pre-tightening the bolts.
  • fretting wear causes failure of the threaded connection. Fretting wear is caused by a surface that is subjected to heavy loads and with little relative motion on the other surface. Threaded connections that carry vibration are most susceptible to fretting wear.
  • the existing anti-loosening of the threaded connection is to prevent loosening by using additional static friction force, such as adding a spring washer, or using the top effect of the two nuts in the case of low speed heavy load, that is, the top nut is loosened, or in the nut.
  • additional static friction force such as adding a spring washer
  • top effect of the two nuts in the case of low speed heavy load, that is, the top nut is loosened, or in the nut.
  • third is the most important anti-loose method, which is to improve the tensile strength of bolts and nuts, from 4.9, 8.8, 10.9, Levels 12.9 and 14.9 have been continuously improved.
  • connection between the objects relies on static friction, which cannot fundamentally solve the failure of the above-mentioned threaded connections, such as screw breaking, broken ends, thread crushing and shearing. , after the wear of the slider, etc.
  • the existing expansion screw is composed of a screw and an expansion tube, and the tail of the screw is conical, and the outer diameter of the cone is larger than the inner diameter of the expansion tube.
  • the screw cone moves toward the expansion tube, and the conical portion is moved by the axial movement of the thread, thereby forming a large positive pressure on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion tube to deform the expansion tube, and the deformation portion and the connecting object are inflated. Therefore, friction is self-locked between the connected objects, thereby achieving a fixing effect.
  • the fixing of the expansion thread connection is to use the wedge-shaped inclination to promote the expansion to generate static friction, and achieve the fixing effect.
  • a multifunctional expansion bolt for fastening members or as a built-in nut is disclosed, which is composed of an expansion plug body, an expansion core rod and a punching rod; the upper part of the expansion plug body There is a cap; the end of the expansion plug has a cross-shaped slit; the center of the expansion plug has a cylindrical threaded core hole, and the punch rod is threaded or unthreaded.
  • the expansion fastening connection structure comprises a light blind hole on the connection portion of the female body, an optical through hole on the attachment portion of the attachment body, and the optical expansion hole of the expansion plug body extending through the optical through hole on the attachment portion of the attachment body to the connection portion of the female body
  • the connection method of the expansion fastening structure comprises: when the punching rod is struck along the core hole, pushing the expansion core rod into the wall, the tail end is expanded, and the fastening function can be used; or the embedded nut can be embedded as a built-in nut In the wall, screwing into different shapes of the screw can be used for different mounting and fixing functions.
  • the disassembly method of the expansion fastening structure includes: if the multi-purpose expansion bolt needs to be removed, only the expansion core rod is punched over the tail end of the expansion plug body, and then the expansion plug body is pulled out by the pull pin, and when disassembled, Simply drill the cap with a drill.
  • the expansion bolt of this structure is embedded in the mother body by the deformation of the tail end of the expanded expansion plug.
  • the expansion screw, expansion fastening structure and connection method of the patent mainly have the following disadvantages: First, the hardness of the material of the matrix is much lower than the hardness of the material of the expansion plug, and the tail end of the expansion plug can be embedded. In the mother body, the scope of use is limited. It is suitable for the fastening installation of the brick, tile, cement, wood structure and other inconvenient tapping components or the use of the insert nut. It is not suitable for the connection of mechanical parts, especially metal mechanical parts.
  • the plug body, the mother body and the appendage body are connected together to achieve the purpose of preventing loosening; since the inner diameter of the wall hole pre-drilled in the mother body is usually matched with the diameter of the expansion plug body, the amplitude of the expansion end of the expansion plug body can be expanded.
  • the amount is small, and the static friction force generated by the radial pressing force with the inner wall of the wall hole of the mother body exists only in the tail end section of the expansion plug body; when the load is large or used for vibration, the expansion plug body and the mother body A small amount of sliding friction occurs between the walls of the hole. As the time increases, the amount of sliding increases, and there is a possibility that a safety accident may occur due to the loosening of the expansion bolt, or the expansion plug is subjected to a large axial direction.
  • the tail end of the expansion plug When the load is applied, the tail end of the expansion plug will be deformed under the force of the mother body, so that the static friction force between the tail end of the expansion plug body and the mother body and the resisting force after the deformation of the expansion plug body are greatly reduced, so the expansion plug body is subjected to Under the action of a large axial force, the static friction between the tail end of the expansion plug and the mother body and the resisting force after the deformation of the tail end of the expansion plug body are pulled out, and the expansion plug body is pulled out from the mother body, resulting in easy failure;
  • the expansion bolt of this structure is not suitable for occasions with large load or large vibration. It is not suitable for the case where the expansion bolt installed under the parent body is subjected to a large axial load, and it is not recommended.
  • the expansion bolt is used to fasten the ceiling fan and the like; the third is that although the expansion bolt is detachable, the expansion core rod needs to be rushed over the tail end of the expansion plug body, and then the expansion plug body is pulled out by the pin puller.
  • the disassembly is troublesome, on the other hand, the expansion bolt is completely destroyed after disassembly, and can not be reused, especially because the end of the expansion plug is deformed by the expansion more than the parent body. Holes, which can seriously damage the mother when disassembled.
  • Patent No. 201220208899.2 discloses an expansion screw comprising a screw (1), a wedge nut (2) and a decorative sleeve (6).
  • the screw (1) is provided with a wedge sleeve (5) and a wedge nut.
  • the wedge sleeve (5) and the wedge nut (2) are provided with two half jackets (3) opposite to each other, and a spring (4) is wound between the two half jackets (3).
  • the structure of the expansion fastening structure, the two half-shells are completely installed in the mother body, through the tapered portion of the wedge sleeve through the attachment body, and then through the screw sleeve through the tapered sleeve and the wedge nut fixed to connect the attachment body to the parent body Together.
  • the connecting method and the disassembling method of the expansion fastening structure include the following steps: drilling a hole as large as a cylindrical outer casing on a wall or a ground, inserting the expansion screw into the prefabricated hole, because the triangular wedge on the wedge nut is two and a half
  • the jacket is tightened, when the screw is tightened, the wedge nut is close to the wedge sleeve, and the two half sleeves are opened and the prefabricated hole is expanded to achieve the purpose of fastening; when the screw is loosened, the wedge nut is away from the wedge sleeve, and the two half jackets are
  • the expansion screw can be removed by shrinking together under the action of the spring.
  • connection force between the two half jackets and the mother body is still inflated. Tightening friction
  • the connection force between the attached body and the mother body is the pre-tightening static friction force between the screw and the wedge nut, so the force in the axial direction is small, the disadvantage of the thread connection is reflected at any time; the second is the two-semi-sheath in the mother body Cannot be positioned axially inside.
  • Patent No. 201210245807.2 discloses a method for opening a wall hole fixing object on a building and an expansion bolt and a special cooker used in the method.
  • the method mainly comprises the following steps: drilling a blind according to a conventional method Hole; use a special cookware to pry the reaming hole with a diameter larger than the diameter of the blind hole at the bottom of the blind hole and form a stepped surface; the expansion bolt is inserted into the blind hole; the fixed object is installed; after the washer is put on, the nut is tightened with a wrench.
  • the tail of the screw gradually presses the flap of the tail of the expansion sleeve to gradually bend outward, and finally forms a flange which is hooked to the step surface.
  • the invention patent although the sliding static friction force generated by the radial pressing force between the flap of the expansion sleeve and the concrete is changed into the axial resistance of the valve to the concrete, by thickening the thickness of the flap, further
  • the method of improving the anti-dropping performance of the expansion bolt and preventing the object from falling, the method for opening the wall hole fixing object on the building and the expansion bolt and the special cooking utensil used in the method have the following disadvantages: First, the expansion sleeve tail portion The flap is formed by the deformation and the reaming, and cannot be precisely matched with the reaming.
  • the flap of the tail of the expansion sleeve is in line contact with the reaming, and the position of the flap at the end of the expansion sleeve and the reaming line are generated.
  • a large stress concentration causes the breakage at this point, and the expansion sleeve cannot be made into a high strength and is easily broken due to the need for deformation, and therefore the sliding static friction force generated by the radial pressing force between the flap of the expansion sleeve tail and the concrete It becomes the axial resistance of the valve to the concrete, but the fixing is still very unreliable;
  • the second is to ream the hole in the building, the building is made of concrete material, and the tail of the expansion sleeve
  • the large stress generated by the line contact position of the flap causes the concrete to fall off, and a large axial gap is easily generated between the parent body, the attached body and the expansion bolt, which seriously affects the fixing effect; the third is between the attached body and the parent body.
  • Patent No. 201120031423.1 discloses a rapid expansion anchor bolt, and a plurality of outer sleeve anti-skid projections are arranged on the outer sleeve tensioning blade, and the anti-slip projection only acts to increase static friction, and there is no
  • the function of the resistance is also a threaded connection with all the disadvantages of the threaded connection.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems in the threaded connection technology of the detachable mechanical static joint which is widely used in the world. That is, ordinary screws and ordinary bolts rely on static friction to connect objects together. Expansion bolts and expansion rely on static friction, or rely on the deformation of the expansion sleeve to resist the connection of objects, so that the load is large, especially the axial load is large or In the harsh situation such as large vibration or high temperature or high and low temperature cross change, the connection of the above structure is liable to failure and cause an accident.
  • the present invention provides an expansion fastening connection structure and a connection method, an expansion fastening connection assembly, and the base member and the attachment member are connected by a monolithic structure in an axial direction, and rely on the surface and surface resisting force.
  • the connection does not fail even in the case of particularly large loads, particularly in the case of particularly large axial loads, or particularly large vibrations, or high temperature or high temperature cross-changes, and the connection is very reliable.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems in the threaded connection technology of the detachable mechanical static joint which is widely used in the world. That is, ordinary screws and ordinary bolts rely on static friction to connect objects together. Expansion bolts and expansion rely on static friction, or rely on the deformation of the expansion sleeve to resist the connection of objects, so that the load is large, especially the axial load is large or In the harsh situation such as large vibration or high temperature or high and low temperature cross change, the connection of the above structure is liable to failure and cause an accident.
  • the present invention provides an expansion fastening connection assembly, an expansion fastening connection structure and a connection method which can replace bolts and nuts, and connects two or more connected members in a single structure in the axial direction, and relies on
  • the surface-to-face resisting force connects more than two connected parts together, even in the harsh occasions where the load is particularly large, especially the axial load is particularly large, or the vibration is particularly large, or the high temperature or high temperature cross change changes. Will fail and the connection is very reliable.
  • An expansion fastening connection structure embodying the present invention includes an expansion fastening connection assembly and two or more connected members; and a through hole is disposed on the connected member;
  • the expansion fastening connection assembly comprises a drive core member and two or more expansion members; the expansion member constitutes an expansion sleeve for holding the drive core member;
  • a driving core member accommodating space is disposed in the expansion sleeve, and the expansion cone surface is disposed on the wall of the driving core member accommodating space;
  • the utility model further comprises a connecting sleeve, wherein the connecting sleeve is provided with a hole, and an annular wedge-shaped resisting groove is arranged on the hole wall of the hole of the connecting sleeve;
  • Each of the expansion members includes an expansion member body, a wedge-shaped abutting portion radially protruding on an outer circumference of the expansion member body, and a wedge-shaped abutting portion that cooperates with the wedge-shaped abutting groove, and a positioning abutting portion radially protruding on an outer circumference of one end of the expansion member body;
  • the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting portions are circumferentially distributed to form a broken independent ring shape;
  • the driving core member is installed in the driving core member accommodating space, and one end of the expansion sleeve provided with the wedge-shaped resisting portion extends through all the connected members into the connecting sleeve, and the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve protrudes radially through the through hole of the connecting member And being resisted by the connected member; the wedge-shaped abutting portion of the expansion sleeve is opposite to the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting groove of the connecting sleeve, and the expansion member body is engaged with the through hole of the connected member and the hole of the connecting sleeve;
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion In the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, the wedge-shaped abutting portion extends into the corresponding wedge-shaped abutting groove to form a snap-fit by the surface and the surface, and the side of the connected member facing the positioning abutting portion is axially resisted by the positioning resisting portion, and the connected member is oriented.
  • One side of the connecting sleeve is axially resisted by the connecting sleeve, and the expansion sleeve connects and connects the connecting sleeve and the two or more connected members together.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding expansion member body on the expansion sleeve is distributed on the same circumferential surface, and the hole wall of the circular hole on the connected member is tightly matched by the surface-to-surface contact or Uniform clearance fit with the hole wall of the circular hole on the connected piece.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding expansion member body on the expansion sleeve is distributed on the same circumferential surface, and on the one hand, it can be tightly matched with the surface of the hole of the circular hole on the connected member through the surface-to-surface contact; more importantly, the wedge-shaped resisting portion can be completely or circumferentially
  • the uniform entry into the wedge-shaped abutment groove maximizes the contact area between the wedge-shaped abutting portion and the wedge-shaped abutment groove, thereby maximizing the axial force that the expansion sleeve can carry.
  • This structure is tightly fitted by the surface of the hole in the circular hole of the connecting member through the surface-to-surface contact or evenly with the hole wall of the circular hole on the connecting member, which means an ideal state, and there may be a machining error and an assembly error. A little deviation.
  • the single wedge-shaped abutting portion includes a guiding portion, a resisting portion connected to the guiding portion, a connecting portion connecting the abutting portion and the expansion member body, the resisting portion is perpendicular to the axis of the expansion member; and the single wedge-shaped resisting groove includes the connecting sleeve
  • the two guiding surfaces of the hole wall of the hole are connected to the two guiding surfaces and the two vertical faces perpendicular to the axis of the hole on the connecting sleeve, connecting the connecting faces of the two vertical faces; in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, guiding
  • the segment is matched with the clearance surface of the escaping, the resisting segment is resisted by the vertical surface, and the connecting segment is matched with the two guiding surfaces.
  • the shape of the single wedge-shaped abutting portion on the cross section passing through the axis is a pointed shape or a trapezoidal shape or an arc shape;
  • the shape of the wedge-shaped resisting groove on the cross section passing through the axis is a pointed shape or a trapezoidal shape which is matched with the wedge-shaped resisting portion or The curved shape;
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion and the wedge-shaped abutting groove are in contact with the two inclined surface faces of the pointed shape or the two inclined faces of the trapezoid, or are contacted by the curved surface.
  • the tapered wedge-shaped abutting portion and the wedge-shaped abutting groove, or the trapezoidal wedge-shaped abutting portion and the wedge-shaped abutting groove, or the curved wedge-shaped abutting portion and the wedge-shaped abutting groove can completely match the axial direction of the connecting sleeve, the connected member and the expansion sleeve No gaps, reducing machining accuracy.
  • a wave spring or an elastic washer which is sleeved on the expansion body of the expansion sleeve and eliminates the axial gap is further included, and the wave spring or the elastic washer is installed between the positioning abutting portion and the connected member or is mounted on the connected member. Between the connection sleeve and the connection sleeve.
  • the wave spring or the elastic washer can eliminate the axial gap generated by the wedge-shaped abutting portion on the expansion sleeve and the wedge-shaped resisting groove on the connecting sleeve due to the cooperation requirement or the error in the processing, so that the expansion sleeve, the connecting sleeve and the connected member have no axial gap. Tight fit for better connection.
  • the utility model further comprises a rigid washer sleeved on the expansion body of the expansion sleeve, the rigid washer is installed between the positioning abutting portion and the connected member, and/or between the connecting sleeve and the connected member, the rigid washer
  • the thickness is matched to the axial distance between the positioning abutment of the expansion sleeve and the opposite face of the sleeve mounted on the expansion sleeve minus the sum of the thicknesses of the two or more connected members to be joined.
  • the expansion fastening assembly When the expansion fastening assembly is designed as a standard part, when a certain type of expansion fastening connection assembly is selected, the axial distance between the positioning resist of the expansion sleeve and the opposite surface of the connection sleeve mounted on the expansion sleeve It is fixed, and the thickness of two or more connected parts is changed.
  • the expansion sleeve By adding a rigid washer, the expansion sleeve can be designed as a standard part.
  • the wave spring or the elastic washer for eliminating the axial gap is not disposed on the expansion body of the expansion sleeve, the axial distance between the positioning resisting portion of the expansion member and the opposite surface of the connecting sleeve is greater than or equal to two or more connections to be connected.
  • the expansion member of the sum of the thicknesses of the connected members is equal to the need to add a rigid washer. When it is larger, the rigid washer is added. The thickness of the rigid washer is equal to the axial distance between the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve and the opposite surface of the connecting sleeve. The sum of the thicknesses of the two or more connected members to be joined is subtracted. When a wave spring or an elastic washer for eliminating the axial gap is sleeved on the expansion body of the expansion sleeve, the axial distance between the positioning resisting portion of the expansion member and the opposite surface of the connecting sleeve is greater than or equal to two or more of the required connections.
  • the thickness of the expansion member of the connected piece plus the thickness of the wave spring or the elastic washer, when it is equal to The gasket is larger than the rigid washer.
  • the thickness of the rigid washer is equal to the axial distance between the positioning resist of the expansion sleeve and the opposite surface of the sleeve minus the thickness of the two or more connected parts to be connected. Subtract the thickness of the wave spring or spring washer.
  • the specification of the thickness of the rigid gasket includes one unit length, two unit lengths, and five unit lengths.
  • the specification of the thickness of the rigid washer includes one unit length, two unit lengths, and five unit lengths, so that the axial distance between the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve and the opposite surface of the connecting sleeve is fixed, regardless of two or more. How the thickness of the connected parts needs to be changed, and the combination of rigid washers of different specifications can meet the needs.
  • the driving core member further includes a straight light rod portion connected to the large end of the driving cone surface
  • the driving core member accommodating space includes a cylindrical curved surface connected to the small end of the expansion tapered surface; and the tapered small end portion for expansion
  • the diameter of the connected cylindrical curved surface is equal to the diameter of the straight light rod portion connected to the large end of the driving cone surface; the axial length of the straight light rod portion is greater than the axial length of the driving cone surface; the expansion sleeve is fully expanded, and the expansion cone surface
  • the cylindrical curved surface connected by the small end abuts against the surface of the surface and the outer peripheral surface of the straight rod portion connected to the large end of the driving cone, and drives the driving cone on the core member and the corresponding expansion cone on the expansion sleeve
  • the drive cone slides along the expansion cone.
  • the end of the straight beam portion of the driving core member and the large end of the driving cone surface passes over the small end of the expansion cone surface, and the diameter of the cylindrical curved surface connected to the small end of the expansion cone is equal to and driven.
  • the diameter of the straight rod portion connected to the large end of the tapered surface, the cylindrical curved surface and the outer peripheral surface of the straight rod portion are abutted by the surface-to-surface contact, and the expansion sleeve is substantially not affected by the linear contact of the expansion sleeve and the driving core member.
  • the deformation of the force in the radial direction causes a radial direction gap between the drive core member and the expansion sleeve to ensure that the expansion sleeve is in a fully expanded state.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the expansion member and the wall forming the driving core receiving space may have a concentric arc shape in the same cross section, so that the expansion member is convenient to process; or may be a cylindrical curved surface connected to the large end of the expansion tapered surface and The straight beam portion connected to the large end of the driving cone surface is in tight contact with the surface contact or evenly gap-fitted, so that the movement is more stable when the driving core member drives the expansion sleeve to expand.
  • the straight rod portion is tightly fitted with the expansion sleeve at the connection position of the adjacent two connected members.
  • the straight rod portion of the driving core rod has no clearance fit with the expansion sleeve, and the driving core rod is not deformed by the torque at the joint position, and is installed side by side for two or more connected members. In this case, the performance of the driving mandrel is greatly increased.
  • the driving core member includes a driving core rod;
  • the expansion fastening connection assembly further includes a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism is a circlip and a card slot, and the card slot is disposed in the expansion sleeve to cooperate with the circlip;
  • the circlip In the fully expanded state, the circlip is installed in the card slot, and the circlip locks the surface of the driving core rod away from the connected member, so that the driving core rod remains at the position where the expansion sleeve is fully expanded.
  • the expansion fastening assembly further includes a limiting mechanism, which completely ensures that the driving core member is in a state of full expansion of the expansion sleeve during use, thereby completely ensuring that the expansion sleeve is fully expanded during use.
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion of the expansion sleeve resists in the wedge-shaped abutting groove of the connected member, and ensures that the expansion and fastening connection assembly is reliably connected to the connected member and the connected member, so that it is foolproof.
  • the driving core member includes a driving core rod and a driving nut threadedly coupled to the driving core rod;
  • the expansion fastening connection assembly further includes a limiting mechanism, a limiting mechanism rotating thread portion and a rotation nut structure, and the rotation preventing thread portion is disposed on the driving core
  • the rod protrudes from the end of the expansion sleeve; in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, the rotation lock nut is threaded on the rotation preventing thread portion, and the rotation preventing nut abuts against the end surface of the expansion sleeve, so that the driving core rod is kept in the fully expanded position of the expansion sleeve constant.
  • a corresponding strip is formed at a corresponding position on the expansion member of the valve member to form a driving core receiving space, and a convex taper surface is provided on the protruding strip or the recessed portion of the expanding member;
  • the member is provided with a recess corresponding to the ridge on each of the expansion members, or a rib that cooperates with the recess on each of the expansion members, and a drive cone is provided on the rib or the recess of the drive core.
  • a rib having a taper surface for expansion is provided on the expansion member, and a recessed portion with a driving taper surface is disposed on the drive core member, and the hole diameter of the through hole on the two or more connected members is constant.
  • the ribs on the expansion member are equivalent to the addition of reinforcing ribs. Therefore, the axial load that the expansion sleeve can bear is greatly improved; the driving core member is provided with a rib with a driving taper surface, and the expansion member is provided with a concave portion with a tapered surface for expansion, and the two or more connected members are connected. In the case where the aperture of the through hole is constant, the thickness of the expansion member can be greatly increased, thereby greatly increasing the axial load that the expansion sleeve can withstand.
  • the driving core member comprises a driving core rod or a core rod, and the driving core rod or the core rod is provided with a limit state in which the expansion sleeve is fully expanded, and the expansion sleeve axially resists the axial direction against the expansion sleeve. Convex.
  • a limiting protrusion is arranged on the driving core rod or the core rod, and on the one hand, the expansion fastening joint assembly can be installed in the correct position without the need of technology, and the expansion sleeve can be ensured to be in a fully expanded state, and on the other hand, the expansion sleeve can be completely completed. After expansion, it is ensured that there is a set distance between the drive taper on the drive mandrel and the corresponding expansion taper on the expansion sleeve in the axial direction.
  • the expansion fastening assembly further includes a cap; the cap includes an inner cavity, a buckle is protruded from a bottom surface of the inner cavity; a resisting groove is provided on the expansion sleeve or the driving core; and the expansion sleeve is fully expanded.
  • the cap is fastened to the abutment groove by a snap fit to the expansion sleeve or the drive core member, and the expansion sleeve protruding from the connector or the expansion sleeve and the drive core protruding from the connector are housed in the cap Inside the cavity.
  • the expansion fastening assembly further includes a cap; the cap includes an inner cavity, a protrusion on the bottom surface of the inner cavity, a threaded hole in the protrusion; and a convex expansion sleeve on the driving core Threaded portion; in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, the threaded hole of the cap is screwed onto the driving core rod, and the expansion sleeve protruding from the connecting member or the expansion sleeve and the driving core member protruding from the connecting member are received in the cap Inside the lumen.
  • the cap is provided to cover the expansion sleeve and the driving core member, and the appearance is not only beautiful, but also dustproof, waterproof, anti-sunlight, etc., which greatly reduces the damage of the expansion fastening component to the external environment, and greatly improves the expansion tightness. Connection reliability and service life of solid connection components. Caps can be placed only on the side facing the environment, such as outdoors. If the environment on both sides is bad, caps should be provided on both sides.
  • connection method for an expansion fastening structure characterized in that the connection method comprises a connection method comprising:
  • an expansion fastening assembly comprising a drive core member and two or more expansion members; the expansion member forming an expansion sleeve for holding the drive core member;
  • connecting sleeve wherein the connecting sleeve is provided with a hole, and an annular wedge-shaped resisting groove is arranged on the wall of the hole of the connecting sleeve;
  • Each of the expansion members includes an expansion member body, a wedge-shaped abutting portion radially protruding on an outer circumference of the expansion member body, and a wedge-shaped abutting portion that cooperates with the wedge-shaped abutting groove, and a positioning abutting portion radially protruding on an outer circumference of one end of the expansion member body;
  • the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting portions are circumferentially distributed to form a broken independent ring shape;
  • the driving core member is installed in the driving core member accommodating space, and one end of the expansion sleeve provided with the wedge-shaped resisting portion passes through the through hole of all the connected members, and the wedge-shaped resisting portion of the expansion sleeve protrudes axially from the connected member, and the expansion sleeve
  • the positioning resisting portion protrudes radially from the through hole of the connected member, and is positioned by being connected to resist;
  • the driving core member drives the expansion sleeve to expand, and each of the expansion members moves radially, and the wedge-shaped abutting portion extends into the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting groove to form a snap-fit by the surface and the surface to form a joint, and the connecting sleeve and the expansion sleeve are mounted together, and the connecting member is oriented One side of the positioning resisting portion is axially resisted by the positioning resisting portion, and the side of the connecting member facing the connecting sleeve is axially resisted by the connecting sleeve, and the expansion sleeve connects and connects the connecting sleeve and the two or more connected members.
  • the expansion sleeve after the expansion sleeve is fully expanded, the expansion sleeve no longer moves in the radial direction and remains in the fully expanded state, and the driving core rod continues to move to the set position relative to the axial direction of the expansion sleeve.
  • a expansion taper for driving the expansion sleeve expansion is provided on each of the expansion members;
  • a driving core member accommodating space is disposed in the expansion sleeve, and the expansion cone surface is disposed on the wall of the driving core member accommodating space;
  • the drive cone slides along the expansion cone to drive the radial movement of each of the expansion members.
  • the driving core member comprises a driving core rod, and the driving core rod is provided with a driving cone surface;
  • the driving core rod further comprises a straight light rod portion connected to the large end of the driving cone surface, and the axial length of the straight light rod portion Greater than the axial length of the drive cone;
  • the driving core member drives the expansion sleeve to fully expand, the driving core member continues to move, and the end portion of the driving straight rod portion of the driving rod and the large end of the driving cone surface continues to move to the set position beyond the small end of the expanding tapered surface.
  • the method further includes limiting the surface of the driving core rod resisting portion away from the connecting sleeve, so as to protect the driving core rod a limiting mechanism with a constant expansion position of the expansion sleeve; the driving core member drives the expansion sleeve to expand, and the expansion sleeve completely expands when the expansion sleeve no longer generates radial movement; in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, the driving core member stops moving or continues The movement is moved to the set position, and the upper limit mechanism is installed; the limit mechanism limits the surface of the driving core rod away from the connecting sleeve, so that the driving core rod keeps the position of the expansion sleeve completely expanded.
  • the driving core member further comprises a driving core rod, a driving nut matched with the driving core rod;
  • the driving core rod comprises a small rod provided with a thread, and the first driving formed by the driving cone surface connected to the small end end a first straight polished rod portion connected to the big end of the first driving cone;
  • the driving core receiving space further includes a nut receiving groove matched with the driving nut; the driving nut is installed in the nut receiving groove, and the driving core rod is driven The small rod extends into the driving nut and is threadedly engaged with the driving nut, and the driving core rod is installed in the expansion sleeve;
  • the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve is axially resisted by the connecting member, and the rotary driving core rod moves the first driving cone toward the axial direction of the driving nut, and the driving nut has no axial direction movement, and the first driving cone and the expansion sleeve The expansion slides relative to the cone and the expansion sleeve expands.
  • the expansion fastening structure further includes a limiting mechanism that does not change the position of the driving core rod resisting portion away from the surface of the connected member, so that the driving core rod keeps the expansion sleeve fully expanded;
  • the expansion fastening structure further includes a spring, and a spring receiving groove is radially disposed on an outer circumferential surface of each of the expansion members;
  • the driving core member is a driving core rod, and the driving core rod comprises a small end of the light rod, and is connected with the small end end and cooperates with the expansion cone surface in the expansion sleeve, the driving cone formed by the driving cone surface is connected with the big end of the driving cone a straight light rod portion, a resisting portion connected to the straight light rod portion and radially protruding the straight light rod portion, and a core member pulling mechanism disposed on the end surface of the resisting portion;
  • connection method in turn includes the following steps:
  • the expansion member and the driving core rod are not automatically separated by springs and springs;
  • the abutting portion of the driving core rod is resisted by the expansion sleeve, and the driving core rod is mounted in position.
  • the driving core member further comprises a driving core rod, a driving nut matched with the driving core rod;
  • the driving nut comprises a driving cone formed by the driving cone surface, a threaded hole disposed at the axial center position;
  • the driving core rod The utility model comprises a small end provided with a threaded portion which cooperates with a threaded hole of the driving nut, and a driving cone which is connected with the small end and cooperates with the expansion cone in the expansion sleeve and is formed by the driving cone surface, and is connected with the big end of the driving cone
  • the straight light rod portion is connected to the straight light rod portion and radially protrudes from the resisting portion of the straight light rod portion;
  • the small rod of the driving core rod is threadedly fitted with the driving nut, and the driving nut is installed in the driving core member receiving space;
  • the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve is axially resisted by the connecting member, and the expansion sleeve has no axial movement.
  • the driving nut is screwed with the driving core rod, and the driving core rod is rotated to drive the driving nut and the driving cone to synchronously move relative to each other.
  • the expansion of the body and the expansion sleeve is relatively slid with the tapered surface, and the expansion sleeve is expanded; the abutting portion of the driving core rod is resisted by the expansion sleeve, and the driving core rod is mounted in position.
  • the driving core member further includes a core rod, a driving nut and a driving member;
  • the core rod includes a core rod body provided with a threaded end, and a core rod resisting portion radially protruding from the core rod body and away from the threaded end;
  • the driving nut comprises a nut body, and the driving cone surface is arranged on the nut body;
  • the driving component comprises a driving component body, the through hole of the driving component body is axially penetrated, and the driving cone surface is arranged on the driving component body;
  • a threaded end of the core rod passes through a through hole in the driving member, the core rod resisting portion axially abuts the driving member, and the threaded end of the core rod is screwed with the threaded hole of the driving nut;
  • the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve is axially resisted by the connecting member, and the expansion sleeve has no axial movement.
  • the threaded end of the core rod is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole of the driving nut, and the rotating core rod synchronizes the driving nut with the driving member. Movement, the driving cone on the driving member slides relative to the expansion on the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve expands; the resisting portion of the driving core rod is resisted by the expansion sleeve, and the driving core rod is mounted in position.
  • a rigid washer sleeved on the expansion body of the expansion sleeve is further included;
  • the expansion member is selected according to the sum of the thicknesses of the two or more connected members to be connected, and the axial distance between the positioning abutting portion of the expansion member and the opposite surface of the connecting sleeve is greater than or equal to the two or more connected members to be connected.
  • a rigid gasket is mounted between the positioning abutment and the connected member, and/or between the connecting sleeve and the connected member.
  • the specification of the thickness of the rigid gasket is also provided, including one unit length, two unit lengths, and five unit lengths;
  • An expansion fastening assembly comprising a drive core member and two or more expansion members; the expansion member forming an expansion sleeve for holding the drive core member;
  • a driving core member accommodating space is disposed in the expansion sleeve, and the expansion cone surface is disposed on the wall of the driving core member accommodating space;
  • the utility model further comprises a connecting sleeve, wherein the connecting sleeve is provided with a hole, and an annular wedge-shaped resisting groove is arranged on the hole wall of the hole of the connecting sleeve;
  • Each of the expansion members includes an expansion member body that cooperates with the through hole of the connected member and the hole of the connecting sleeve, and a wedge-shaped abutting portion that is radially protruded on the outer circumference of the expansion member body and cooperates with the wedge-shaped abutting groove, and is radially protruded
  • the maximum distance; the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting portion of the expansion sleeve is circumferentially distributed to form a broken ring shape.
  • the spring further comprises a spring receiving groove radially on the outer peripheral surface of each of the expansion members, and the expansion members of the two or more petals are held together by the spring to form an expansion sleeve, and the spring is completely accommodated.
  • the spring is accommodated in the groove; in the unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve, the expansion cone on the expansion sleeve is hung on the driving cone surface; the positioning resisting portion on the expansion sleeve is circumferentially distributed to form a broken independent ring shape.
  • the driving core member is installed in the accommodating space of the driving core member, and then the expansion members of the two lobes or more are assembled by the spring to form the expansion sleeve so as not to be separated, and the expansion fastening assembly is assembled at the factory, and during transportation. It won't spread out, it's more convenient, fast and easy to use.
  • the driving core member comprises a driving core rod, a driving nut matched with the driving core rod;
  • the driving core rod comprises a small rod provided with a thread, and the first driving formed by the driving cone surface connected to the small end end a cone, a first straight rod portion connected to the big end of the first driving cone;
  • a driving core housing accommodating space in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve, a small rod for driving the core rod, a first driving cone, and a first straight rod portion
  • the driving core housing accommodating space further comprises a nut accommodating groove matched with the driving nut; the driving nut is installed in the nut accommodating groove, and the small rod of the driving core rod extends into the driving nut and cooperates with the driving nut thread to drive the core rod Installed in the expansion sleeve.
  • the driving core rod causes the first driving cone to generate axial movement toward or away from the driving nut.
  • the driving core rod causes the first driving cone to generate an axial movement toward the driving nut, and the first driving cone of the driving core rod and the expansion cone of the expansion sleeve slide relative to each other, and the expansion sleeve expands.
  • connection force is the axial abutting force of the wedge-shaped abutting portion of the expansion sleeve to the connecting sleeve and the axial abutting force of the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve to the connected member.
  • the drive mandrel is not directly connected to the connecting sleeve and the connected piece, and is only used to drive the expansion sleeve to expand.
  • the driving core rod has a small force, so although the threaded engagement between the driving core rod and the driving nut is not easy to cause the connection failure of the sliding wire.
  • the driving core rod further comprises a connecting cone connecting the big end with the first straight light rod portion, a second straight light rod portion connected to the small end of the connecting cone, the small end connected to the second straight light rod portion, and the first formed by the driving cone surface a driving cone, a third straight beam portion connected to the big end of the second driving cone, the driving core receiving space and the connecting cone, the second straight beam portion, the second driving cone, and a portion of the third straight beam Department cooperation.
  • the expansion fastening assembly of the structure, the first driving cone and the second driving cone on the driving core rod are used to drive the expansion sleeve expansion, and the expansion sleeve expands more evenly due to the expansion mode of the double driving, and the expansion effect is more Ok, so that the connection works better.
  • the driving core member is a driving core rod
  • the driving core rod includes a small end of the light rod
  • the driving cone formed by the driving cone surface is connected with the small end and cooperates with the expansion cone surface in the expansion sleeve.
  • the driving core housing accommodating space includes a first accommodating space that cooperates with a small rod driving the core rod, a driving cone, and a part of the straight light rod portion, and further includes a driving core rod resisting portion facing away from the connected portion
  • the surface limit is a limiting mechanism that keeps the driving core rod in a position where the expansion sleeve is fully expanded.
  • the driving core rod is directly knocked into the expansion sleeve to fully expand the expansion sleeve, and the resisting portion limits the position of the driving core rod into the expansion sleeve.
  • the limit mechanism ensures that the drive mandrel remains in the expanded position during operation. When disassembly is required, the limit mechanism is first removed, and the drive core rod is directly pulled out by a tool that cooperates with the threaded portion.
  • the expansion and fastening connection assembly of this structure has a simple structure and low cost.
  • the driving core member comprises a driving core rod, a driving nut matched with the driving core rod;
  • the driving nut comprises a driving cone formed by the driving cone surface, a threaded hole disposed at the axial center position;
  • the driving core rod The utility model comprises a small end provided with a threaded portion which cooperates with a threaded hole of the driving nut, and a driving cone which is connected with the small end and cooperates with the expansion cone in the expansion sleeve and is formed by the driving cone surface, and is connected with the big end of the driving cone
  • the straight light rod portion is connected to the straight light rod portion and radially protrudes from the resisting portion of the straight light rod portion; in the unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve, the driving core housing receiving space and the driving nut, the small end portion of the driving core rod, the driving cone
  • the partial straight rod portion and the resisting portion are matched; the small rod of the driving core rod is screwed and fitted with the driving
  • the rotary drive core rod can drive the driving cone of the driving core rod and the driving cone of the driving nut to slide relative to the corresponding expansion cone of the expansion sleeve to realize the expansion of the driving expansion sleeve. Since two expansion cones with opposite taper angles are arranged in the expansion sleeve, the two-direction multi-drive expansion is realized, so that the expansion process of the expansion sleeve is more balanced and the expansion effect is better, so that the connection effect is better.
  • the driving core member comprises a driving core rod;
  • the driving core rod comprises a driving core rod body protruding from the driving core rod body for driving the expansion and contraction expansion and contraction of the expansion sleeve;
  • a driving taper surface for driving the expansion sleeve expansion is disposed on a side of the protruding portion facing away from the positioning abutting portion, and a contracting conical recess portion for contracting the expansion sleeve is formed on a side of the protruding portion facing the positioning resisting portion, and is driven.
  • the driving taper surface on the core rod is aligned with the taper direction of the conical recessed portion for contraction;
  • the driving core member accommodating space includes an expansion and contraction accommodating groove that cooperates with the expansion and contraction projection portion of the driving core rod, and is used for expansion and contraction.
  • the accommodating groove forms a taper surface for expansion corresponding to the driving taper surface of the driving core rod toward the groove wall of the positioning resisting portion, and forms a contracting taper with the driving core rod in the groove wall of the expansion and contraction accommodating groove facing away from the positioning abutting portion
  • the constricted portion of the recessed portion is tapered.
  • the conical recessed portion for contraction and the tapered taper surface are provided.
  • the conical recessed portion of the driving core rod is engaged with the conical taper on the expansion sleeve, so that the expansion sleeve is gathered and the sleeve is expanded.
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion is completely separated from the wedge-shaped abutting groove on the connecting sleeve, and the disassembly is easier and more reliable, ensuring that the expansion sleeve is not damaged during the disassembly process.
  • the corresponding position of the driving core receiving space on each of the expansion members is provided with a ridge or a recess, and the convex or concave portion of the expansion member is provided with a tapered surface for expansion;
  • the driving core member is provided with a recessed portion that cooperates with the ridge on each of the inflating members, or a rib that cooperates with the recessed portion of each of the inflating members, and a driving cone is provided on the rib or the recess of the driving core member. surface.
  • the driving core member comprises a core rod, a driving nut and a driving member;
  • the core rod comprises a core rod body provided with a threaded end, and a core rod resisting portion radially protruding from the core rod body and away from the threaded end;
  • the driving nut comprises a nut body, a rib disposed axially on the nut body, axially penetrating the threaded hole of the nut body, and a driving cone surface is arranged on the rib of the driving nut;
  • the driving component comprises a driving body, and the axial direction is arranged at a rib on the driving body body axially penetrates the through hole of the driving body body, and a driving cone surface is arranged on the rib of the driving member; and the first recessed portion is matched with the corresponding rib on the driving nut on the expansion member a second recessed portion that cooperates with a corresponding rib on the driving member; the threaded end of the core
  • the driving taper surface on the rib of the driving member can slide relative to the expansion taper surface of the second recessed portion of the expansion sleeve, thereby driving the driving cone surface on the rib of the nut relative to the first recessed portion of the expansion sleeve
  • the expansion slides with a tapered surface to expand the expansion sleeve.
  • Two expansion cones with opposite taper angles are arranged in the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve is expanded from the double-drive expansion sleeve, the expansion is more balanced, and the expansion effect is better, so that the connection effect is better.
  • the driving core member comprises a core rod, a driving nut and a driving member, and the core rod is convenient to process because the driving cone surface is not provided on the core rod.
  • the drive nut and the drive member can be designed as standard parts with the same structural form except for the central aperture, and the core rod can be directly used in the form of standard bolts, which can greatly reduce the cost by standardization.
  • the driving core member comprises a core rod, a driving nut and a driving member;
  • the core rod comprises an improved screw provided as a solution of the twenty-seventh, the core end body of the grain end, the core rod resisting portion radially protruding from the core rod body and away from the thread end ;
  • drive nut including nut The body axially penetrates the threaded hole of the nut body, and the driving nut has a driving taper surface;
  • the driving component comprises a driving component body, the through hole of the driving component body is axially penetrated, and the driving cone surface is arranged on the driving component;
  • the core rod The threaded end passes through the through hole in the driving member, the core rod resisting portion axially resists the driving member, and the threaded end of the core rod is screwed with the threaded hole of the driving nut; in the unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve, the driving core housing space is The drive member, the core body and the drive nut are
  • the positioning resisting portion is tapered, and a tapered receiving hole for completely accommodating the positioning resisting portion is provided on the connected member.
  • the expansion fastening assembly of this structure expands and fastens the connection assembly without protruding the connector, which is more aesthetically pleasing, and on the other hand eliminates axial play.
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion extends into the corresponding wedge-shaped abutting groove of the connecting sleeve to form a snap-fit by the surface and the surface, and the side of the connecting member facing the positioning abutting portion is axially resisted by the positioning resisting portion.
  • the side of the connected piece facing the connecting sleeve is axially resisted by the connecting sleeve, and the expansion sleeve connects and connects the connecting sleeve and the two or more connected parts together.
  • the expansion fastening structure of the invention ensures that the bearing structure is a resisting structure between the face and the face, and the connection force of the expansion fastening component and the connected component is mainly through the expansion member of the axially integrated expansion member side.
  • the positioning resisting portion resists the axial direction of the connected member, and the other side protrudes into the wedge-shaped resisting groove in the connecting sleeve through the wedge-shaped resisting portion of the expansion sleeve to form an axial resistance of the connected connecting sleeve to the connected member. Rather than relying on the pre-tightening static friction of the threaded connection or the expansion static friction of the expansion screw.
  • This expansion fastening structure can withstand a very high connection force. There is no pre-tightening force between the expansion sleeve and the connecting sleeve and the two or more connected members. Compared with the threaded connection, the expansion sleeve does not need to bear the preloading load, so the load can be large, especially the axial load is large, and the vibration is large. In the high temperature environment, the connection failure will not be caused, and the failure of the thread connection caused by the pre-tightening force being too large or too small due to the non-standard operation may be avoided.
  • the mechanical static connection has the advantage of relying on the pre-tightening and the static friction connection of the connected parts, and can completely overcome the excessive load, fatigue damage, creep under high temperature, fretting wear. Several common forms of connection failure caused by etc.
  • the invention completely breaks the static friction force of the existing screw-connected screw or bolt by the pre-tightening, the mechanical static connection of the expansion screw or the expansion bolt, the expansion static friction force generated by the expansion or the deformation caused by the expansion sleeve deformation. Force to connect the inertial thinking of the object.
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion of the expansion sleeve and the wedge-shaped abutment groove of the connecting sleeve are previously processed, and the wedge-shaped abutting portion of the wedge-shaped abutting portion is not formed by expansion deformation of the expansion sleeve.
  • the expansion sleeve is designed to have two lobes (where the expansion sleeve is the best for the three lobes), and the expansion sleeve does not deform during the expansion process.
  • the number and shape of the wedge-shaped abutting portions can be freely designed according to the force, and the position of the wedge-shaped resisting grooves on the connecting sleeve is also designed according to the structure of the expansion sleeve and the thickness of the connected member, so that it can be received as needed
  • a large external force and the connection is very reliable;
  • the expansion fastening connection assembly is placed in more than two connected parts, the connection sleeve, and the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve is radially protruded
  • the hole in the connecting member is resisted by the connecting member, so that the expansion sleeve is completely axially positioned, and the wedge-shaped resisting portion on the expansion sleeve is opposite to the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting groove on the connecting sleeve, so that the expansion sleeve is expanded during expansion of the expansion sleeve.
  • the wedge-shaped resisting portion can enter the wedge-shaped resisting groove without any mistakes. It is very convenient and easy to install, does not require special operation skills, and greatly reduces the operator's operation requirements; and the wedge-shaped resisting portion can accurately cooperate with the wedge-shaped resisting groove, and The mating portions of the wedge-shaped abutting portion and the wedge-shaped abutting groove are matched to each other, thereby greatly reducing stress concentration; Wide, the hardness of the material that does not need to be connected is much lower than the hardness of the material of the expansion sleeve, and does not require a large friction coefficient between the expansion sleeve and the connected parts. It can be used as an alternative to screws or bolts.
  • the existing expansion sleeve is a one-piece expansion bolt or expansion screw.
  • the tail of the driving core rod gradually presses the flap of the tail portion of the expansion sleeve to make it Gradually outwardly bending, and finally forming a flange that is hooked to the above step surface, which
  • the expansion bolt of the structure is formed by the deformation of the flange with the reaming.
  • the specific deformation cannot be accurately calculated. Therefore, the shape of the reaming that can be processed in the connected part and the flange after the deformation cannot be deformed in advance.
  • the resisting part of the rear flange and the reaming hole is a fatal defect of the wire fitting, and the expansion sleeve cannot realize the high-strength heat treatment hardening, and the flanged precision after the expansion of the expansion sleeve is not realized on the connected member.
  • the reaming of the mating and resisting portions is a technical revelation of the technical solutions claimed by the skilled person in the art from the patents disclosed in the patent.
  • the expansion sleeve is disclosed in the utility model patent No. 201220208899.2, and the two half jackets are installed in the connected member without axial positioning.
  • the two half-shells have an axial movement in the connected piece, so even if the wedge-shaped abutting portion is machined on the two half-shells, the wedge-shaped resisting groove can be realized in the connected piece.
  • the expansion sleeve and the connecting sleeve will not loosen the sliding wire (will not be reversed and loosened).
  • the connecting sleeve will not be damaged by the threaded sliding wire, and the probability of the wedge-shaped resisting portion and the wedge-shaped resisting groove being damaged and disengaging during the working process is almost Zero, so it is very reliable to connect more than two connected parts by the expansion fastening assembly;
  • the drive core only serves to drive the expansion of the expansion sleeve, not more than one through the fastening connection with the drive core
  • the connected member is fixed to the other connected member, and the force of driving the core member in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve is very small, and even if the driving core member is screwed, it is almost impossible to cause the screw connection to fail, so the expansion sleeve is The fully expanded state drives the core member and the expansion sleeve to be fixed very reliably, and it is also easy to realize that the driving core member never falls off and is fixed
  • the expansion sleeve since the expansion sleeve is not deformed during the expansion process, the expansion sleeve is not embedded in the connected member to cause deformation of the connected member, and the expansion sleeve and the connected member have almost no radial connection force, and are in the through hole of the connected member.
  • the connecting sleeve, the driving core member and the expansion sleeve can be processed into standard parts, and the groove or the internal thread which cooperates with the wedge-shaped abutting portion is not required to be processed in the through hole of the connected member, thereby greatly reducing the processing cost, and is particularly suitable for
  • the connected member that is in contact with the connecting sleeve is thin and cannot process the wedge-shaped resisting groove.
  • the expansion and fastening structure of the structure, the connecting sleeve made of the standard member, the driving core member and the expansion sleeve are similar to the existing bolt and nut structure. In the case where the existing bolt and nut structure can be used, the expansion fastening joint assembly of the present invention can be used instead.
  • the cooperation between the driving taper surface and the expansion taper surface only needs to have the same taper of the driving taper surface and the expansion taper surface, so that the driving core member can drive the expansion sleeve to expand, and the curvature can be different.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view showing an expansion-fastening connection structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention in an unexpanded state of an expansion sleeve.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the expansion fastening assembly with a wave spring according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective exploded view showing the expansion fastening assembly with the rotation nut and the wave spring of the embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a front elevational view showing the expansion-fastening connection structure of the first embodiment of the present invention in a state in which the expansion sleeve is fully expanded.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view showing a portion I of Fig. 5;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 2 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 4 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 4 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective exploded view of the expansion fastening assembly with a circlip and a wave spring according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 5 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 13 is a front elevational view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 6 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint in the unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve in the expansion sleeve of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 8 of the present invention in a state in which the expansion sleeve is fully expanded.
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view showing the expansion fastening assembly with the rotation nut and the wave spring of the embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 9 of the present invention in a state in which the expansion sleeve is fully expanded.
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 10 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 19 is a perspective exploded view of the expansion fastening assembly of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 11 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • an expansion fastening structure includes an expansion fastening assembly, a connected member 1, a connected member 2, a rotation nut 3, and a wave spring 4.
  • a circular through hole 5 is provided in the connected member 1, and a circular through hole 6 is provided in the connected member 2.
  • the expansion fastening assembly includes an annular connecting sleeve 7, a driving core, an expansion sleeve 9 composed of a plurality of expansion members 8 having the same three-lobed structure, a spring 10, and a spring 11.
  • Three independent annular wedge-shaped resisting grooves 13 are provided in the wall of the circular through hole 12 of the connecting sleeve 7.
  • the expansion member 8 includes an expansion member body 14 having an outer peripheral surface that cooperates with the circular through hole 12 of the connecting sleeve 7, and is radially protruded on the outer circumference of the expansion member body 14 and resists the wedge shape.
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 of the groove 13 is radially protruded from the outer periphery of one end of the expansion body 14 , and is axially positioned to the expansion sleeve 9 , and the positioning resisting portion 16 axially resists the connected member 2 is disposed at the positioning resisting portion.
  • the spring receiving groove 17 on the outer peripheral surface of the 16 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the expansion body body 14 away from the one end of the positioning abutting portion 16 .
  • the outer diameter of the expansion member body 14 is equal to the diameter of the circular through hole 12, and the maximum distance from the outer periphery of the positioning abutting portion 16 to the axial center of the expansion member body 14 is greater than the maximum distance from the outer circumference of the wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 to the axial center of the expansion member body 14.
  • the single wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 includes a guiding portion 19 provided with two inclined faces formed by chamfering, and is connected with the guiding portion 19, and is provided with two vertical facing abutting segments 20 for connecting the abutting segments. 20 and the expansion member body 14, a connecting portion 21 provided with two inclined faces formed by chamfers, the abutting portion 20 being perpendicular to the axis of the expansion member 8.
  • the single wedge-shaped resisting groove 13 includes two guiding slopes 22 connected to the wall of the circular through hole 12 of the connecting sleeve 7, and two vertical faces 23 connected to the two guiding inclined faces 22 and perpendicular to the axis of the circular through hole 12 of the connecting sleeve 7, Two connecting slopes 24 for escaping the two vertical faces 23 are connected.
  • the three-lobed expansion member 8 constitutes an expansion sleeve 9 for holding the drive core member, and a drive core housing accommodation space is provided in the expansion sleeve 9.
  • the positioning resisting portion 16 on the expansion sleeve 9 is circumferentially distributed to form a separate ring that is disconnected at the joint position of the adjacent two-lobed expansion member 8, and the wedge-shaped resisting portion 15 is formed to be three at the joint position of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 8. Independent ring.
  • the drive core member includes a drive core rod 25, a drive nut 26 that cooperates with the drive core rod 25.
  • the drive nut 26 includes a drive cone 27, a cylindrical straight rod portion 28 connected to the large end of the drive cone 27, a threaded hole 30 provided at the axial center position, and is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the drive cone 27 and the straight rod portion 28.
  • the combination of the adjacent two-lobed expansion members 8 of the expansion sleeve 9 engages with the gap-stopping ribs 29.
  • the drive core rod 25 includes a small rod 31 provided with a threaded portion that cooperates with the threaded hole 30 of the drive nut 26, a drive cone 32 connected to the small rod 31, and a cylindrical straight rod portion connected to the large end of the drive cone 32. 33.
  • the threaded portion 34 connected to the straight rod portion 33 is provided with an inner hexagonal hole 35 on the end surface of the threaded portion 34.
  • the axial length of the straight rod portion 28 is greater than the axial length of the driving cone 27, and the axial length of the straight rod portion 33 is equal to the axial length of the straight rod portion 28, and the axial length of the driving cone 32 and the driving cone 27 are The axial lengths are equal so that synchronous relative direction drive is achieved.
  • the driving core housing accommodation space includes a cylindrical curved surface 37 of a portion of the straight light rod portion 28 of the holding drive nut 26, and the large end is connected to the cylindrical curved surface 37.
  • the expansion taper surface 38 of the driving drive cone 27, the cylindrical curved surface 39 of the partial small rod 31 that is in contact with the small end of the expansion taper 38 and the driving core rod 25, and the cylindrical curved surface 39 are connected and coupled
  • the cylindrical curved surface 41 of the straight light rod portion 33 and the partial thread portion 34 is joined by the large end of the tapered surface 40.
  • the diameter of the straight rod portion 28 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical curved surface 39
  • the diameter of the straight rod portion 33 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical curved surface 39.
  • the threaded hole 30 of the drive nut 26 is screwed onto the threaded portion of the small rod 31 of the drive core rod 25, and the drive cone 27 of the drive nut 26 is pushed to the drive cone of the drive core rod 25
  • the axial distance between the small ends of 32 is equal to the axial length of the cylindrical curved surface 39.
  • the three-lobed expansion member 8 is hug on the drive nut 26 and the drive core rod 25.
  • the rotation-preventing rib 29 of the drive nut 26 is mounted in the joint gap of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 8, and is held by the expansion cone 38.
  • the positioning expansion member 8 on the driving cone 27 is engaged with the driving nut 26 and the expansion taper 40 on the driving cone 32 to position the expansion member 8 and the driving core rod 25.
  • the three-valve expansion member 8 is coupled to the expansion-fastening connection assembly by the spring 10, the spring 11 and the drive nut 26, and the drive core rod 25, which are not automatically separated.
  • the spring 10 is completely received in the spring receiving groove 17, and the spring 11 is completely accommodated in the spring receiving groove 18.
  • the outer diameter of the wave spring 4 is larger than the outer diameter of the circular through hole 6, so that the wave spring 4 is resisted between the positioning abutting portion 16 and the connected member 2 when the expansion sleeve 9 is not expanded.
  • the wave spring 4 is placed over the expansion body 14 of the expansion sleeve 9.
  • the expansion sleeve 9 is provided with one end of the wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 sequentially passing through the circular through hole 6 of the connected member 2, and the circular through hole 5 on the connecting member 1 extends into the circular through hole 12 of the connecting sleeve 7, and the expansion member body 14 is installed.
  • the positioning resisting portion 16 of the expansion sleeve 9 radially protrudes from the circular passage on the connected member 2.
  • the hole 6 is axially resisted by the connecting member 2 by the wave spring 4, and the wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 faces the corresponding wedge-shaped abutting groove 13.
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 projects into the corresponding wedge-shaped abutment groove 13 to resist the engagement with the vertical surface 23 by the abutting portion 20, and the guide portion 19 and the escape portion are avoided.
  • the connecting portion 21 is in clearance fit with the two guiding inclined surfaces 22.
  • the connected member 2 is axially resisted by the positioning abutting portion 16 of the expansion sleeve 9, and the connected member 1 is axially resisted by the connecting sleeve 7, and the expansion sleeve 9 is connected and fixed by the connecting member 2, the connected member 1, and the connecting sleeve 7. .
  • the diameter of the straight rod portion 28 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical curved surface 39
  • the diameter of the straight rod portion 33 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical curved surface 39
  • the cylindrical curved surface 39 is in contact with the straight rod portion 28 by surface-to-surface contact
  • cylindrical The curved surface 39 and the straight rod portion 33 are brought into contact by surface-to-surface contact.
  • the wave spring 4 is used to eliminate the axial gap of the expansion connection fastening structure.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding expansion member body 14 of the expansion sleeve 9 is distributed on the same circumferential surface, and the hole wall of the circular through hole 12 of the connecting sleeve 7 is tightly fitted by the surface-to-surface contact.
  • the straight rod portion 28 of the drive nut 26 has been engaged with the cylindrical curved surface 39 over a small end of the expansion taper surface 38; the drive core rod 25 is driven.
  • the straight beam portion 33 has been fitted over the cylindrical curved surface 39 over a set length of the small end of the expansion tapered surface 40.
  • the rotation-rotating nut 3 is screwed onto the threaded portion 34 and abuts against the positioning abutment portion 16 to prevent the drive core rod 25 from being reversed, ensuring that the drive core rod 25 remains in the position where the expansion sleeve 9 is fully expanded.
  • the rotation nut 3 and the threaded portion 34 cooperate to form a limit mechanism.
  • connection method of an expansion fastening structure comprises the following steps:
  • the threaded bore 30 of the drive nut 26 is threaded onto the small rod 31 of the drive spindle 25, the axial distance between the small end of the drive cone 27 of the drive nut 26 to the small end of the drive cone 32 of the drive spindle 25 is equal to The axial length of the cylindrical curved surface 39;
  • the three-lobed expansion member 8 is hug on the drive nut 26 and the drive core rod 25.
  • the rotation-preventing rib 29 of the drive nut 26 extends into the joint gap of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 8, and is held by the expansion cone 38.
  • the positioning expansion member 8 on the driving cone 27 and the driving nut 26, the expansion cone 40 is hung on the driving cone 32 to position the expansion member 8 and the driving core rod 25;
  • the spring 10 is mounted in the spring receiving groove 17, and the spring 11 is mounted in the spring receiving groove 18, and the three-valve expansion member 8 is not automatically separated from the driving nut 26 and the driving core rod 25 to complete the expansion fastening assembly. Connection;
  • the wave spring 4 is sleeved on the expansion body 14 of the expansion sleeve 9;
  • One end of the expansion sleeve 9 provided with the wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 is sequentially passed through the circular through hole 6 on the connected member 2, and the circular through hole 5 on the connected member 1.
  • the wedge-shaped resisting portion 15 of the expansion sleeve 9 is axially protruded from the connected member. 1.
  • the connecting sleeve 7 is sleeved from the expansion sleeve 9 at one end of the wedge-shaped resisting portion 15 on the expansion sleeve 9;
  • the axial direction force of the opposite direction is applied to the positioning resisting portion 16 of the expansion sleeve 9 and the connecting sleeve 7, and the connecting sleeve 7, the connected member 1, the connected member 2, the wave spring 4, and the positioning resisting portion 16 are sequentially abutted against each other.
  • the expansion sleeve 9 is axially resisted by the connecting member 2 by the positioning resisting portion 16, and the wedge-shaped resisting portion 15 on the expansion sleeve 9 is opposite to the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting groove 13 of the connecting sleeve 7;
  • the expansion sleeve 9 is slidably driven by the sliding surface 40, and the expansion member 8 is radially moved, and the wedge-shaped abutting portion 15 extends into the phase of the connecting sleeve 7.
  • the inner wedge-shaped resisting groove 13 is formed by the surface of the resisting section 20 and the vertical surface 23 to resist each other to form a snap;
  • the expansion sleeve 9 After the expansion sleeve 9 is fully expanded, the expansion sleeve 9 no longer moves in the radial direction and remains in the fully expanded state, and continues to rotate and drive the core rod 25, and the drive nut 26 and the drive core rod 25 continue to move relative to the axial direction of the expansion sleeve 9, driving the nut
  • the straight rod portion 28 of 26 passes over the small end of the expansion taper 38, and the straight rod portion 33 of the drive core rod 25 passes over the small end of the expansion cone 40 until the drive nut 26 and the drive core rod 25 are fully seated, stopping Rotating the driving core rod 25 to drive the core member to stop driving;
  • the connected member 2 is axially resisted by the positioning abutting portion 16 of the expansion sleeve 9, and the connected member 1 is axially resisted by the connecting sleeve 7, and the expansion sleeve 9 is connected and fixed by the connecting member 2, the connected member 1, and the connecting sleeve 7. ;
  • the rotation nut 3 is screwed onto the threaded portion 34.
  • the rotation nut 3 is first separated from the threaded portion 34, and then the core rod 25 is driven in the reverse direction.
  • the driving core member is a driving core rod 61.
  • the driving core rod 61 includes a small rod 62 of a polished rod, a driving cone 63 connected to the small rod 62, and a driving cone 63.
  • the straight end portion 64 connected to the large end is connected to the straight rod portion 64 and radially protrudes from the resisting portion 65 of the straight rod portion 64, and the core member is pulled out from the screw 66 on the end surface of the resisting portion 65.
  • the driving core housing accommodating space includes a cylindrical curved surface 67 which is closed by the small holding rod 62, a small end which is in contact with the cylindrical curved surface 67, and a conical surface 68 for expansion of the driving cone 63, and expansion.
  • the first accommodating space formed by the cylindrical curved surface 69 of the straight light rod portion 64 and the second accommodating space 70 for accommodating the resisting portion 65 is fully expanded in the expansion sleeve 82. In a state (not shown), the resisting portion 65 is completely accommodated in the second accommodating space 70.
  • the expansion fastening assembly further includes a stop mechanism that limits the surface of the drive core rod 61 against the sleeve 78 and maintains the drive core rod 61 in a position where the expansion sleeve 82 is fully expanded.
  • the limiting mechanism includes a snap spring 72 and a card slot 73.
  • the retaining spring 72 is a broken ring.
  • the card slot 73 is disposed on the wall of the second accommodating space 70 and cooperates with the circlip 72.
  • the straight rod portion 64 In the unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve 82, a portion of the straight rod portion 64, the abutting portion 65, and the core pull-out screw 66 of the driving core rod 61 protrude from the positioning resisting portion 83 of the expansion sleeve 82.
  • the diameter of the straight rod portion 64 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical curved surface 67.
  • the straight rod portion 64 and the wall of the cylindrical curved surface 67 are fitted together by the surface to face, and the resisting portion 65 is second. The bottom surface of the accommodating space 70 is resisted.
  • the retaining spring 72 limits the resisting portion 65.
  • Connection methods include:
  • the three-lobed expansion member 84 is hug on the driving core rod 61, and is hung on the driving cone 63 by the expansion taper 68 to position the expansion member 84 and the driving core rod 61;
  • the three-valve expansion member 84 and the driving core rod 61 are not automatically separated by the spring 74 and the spring 71;
  • the wave spring 85 is sleeved on the expansion body 75 of the expansion sleeve 82;
  • One end of the expansion sleeve 82 provided with the wedge-shaped abutting portion 80 is sequentially passed through the circular through hole 77 of the connected member 76 and the circular through hole 87 of the connected member 86.
  • the wedge-shaped resisting portion 80 of the expansion sleeve 82 is axially protruded from the connected member.
  • the connecting sleeve 78 from the expansion sleeve 82 is provided with a wedge-shaped resisting portion 80 at one end of the expansion sleeve 82;
  • the axial direction force of the opposite direction is applied to the positioning resisting portion 83 of the expansion sleeve 82 and the connecting sleeve 78, and the connecting sleeve 78, the connected member 86, the connected member 76, the wave spring 85, and the positioning resisting portion 83 are sequentially abutted against each other.
  • the expansion sleeve 82 is axially resisted by the connecting member 76 by the positioning resisting portion 83, and the wedge-shaped resisting portion 80 on the expansion sleeve 82 is opposite to the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting groove 81 on the connecting sleeve 78;
  • the driving core rod 61 is axially moved relative to the expansion sleeve 82, and the expansion sleeve 82 is slidably driven by the driving cone 63 on the expansion taper surface 68, and each of the valve expansion members 84 is radially moved, wedge-shaped.
  • the resisting portion 80 extends into the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting groove 81 of the connecting sleeve 78 to resist the engagement by the surface and the surface to form a snap;
  • the drive core rod 61 continues to move relative to the axial direction of the expansion sleeve 82, and the straight rod portion 64 passes over the small rod of the expansion cone 68. 62 until the resisting portion 65 is resisted by the bottom surface of the second accommodating space 70, and the driving core rod 61 stops driving;
  • the connecting member 76 is axially resisted by the positioning resisting portion 83 of the expansion sleeve 82, and the connecting member 86 is axially resisted by the connecting sleeve 78.
  • the expansion sleeve 82 is connected and fixed by the connecting member 76, the connected member 86 and the connecting sleeve 78. ;
  • the clip spring 72 is mounted in the card slot 73.
  • the circlip 72 is first removed from the slot 73, and then the tool is engaged with the core pull-out screw 66 to pull the drive core 61 away from the sleeve 78 for a distance, and the expansion sleeve 82 can be It is detached from the connecting sleeve 78 and the connected member 76.
  • the driving core member includes a driving core rod 141 and a driving nut 142 that cooperates with the driving core rod 141.
  • the driving core rod 141 includes a small rod 143 provided with a thread, a first driving cone 145 connected to the small rod 143 for driving the expansion of the expansion sleeve 144, and a cylindrical first straight connected to the large end of the first driving cone 145.
  • the light rod portion 146 has a connecting cone 147 with a large end connected to the first straight rod portion 146, a cylindrical second straight rod portion 148 connected to the small end of the connecting cone 147, and a small end connected to the second straight rod portion 148.
  • a second driving cone 149 for driving the expansion sleeve 144 to expand
  • a cylindrical third straight rod portion 150 connected to the large end of the second driving cone 149, disposed at an axial position of the end surface of the third straight rod portion 150, and being expanded in installation a hexagonal through hole 151 that fits the wrench when fastening the connecting assembly and the expansion fastening connection assembly, and six uniform distributions disposed on the end surface of the third straight rod portion 150 and penetrating the circumference of the third straight rod portion 150 Stop groove 152.
  • the drive nut 142 includes a cylindrical drive nut body 153, and a rotation preventing protrusion 154 disposed at an end surface of the drive nut body 153 and engaging with a coupling slit of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 164 of the expansion sleeve 144 is disposed at the drive nut 142.
  • the axial length of the first optical rod portion 146 is greater than the axial length setting distance of the first driving cone 145, and the axial length of the third straight optical rod portion 150 is greater than the axial length of the first straight optical rod portion 146, and the second driving
  • the axial length of the cone 149 is equal to the axial length of the first drive cone 145.
  • the driving core housing accommodating space in the unexpanded expansion sleeve 144 includes a cylindrical curved surface 156 of a part of the small rod 143 of the accommodating driving core rod 141, a first expansion tapered surface 157 for merging the first driving cone 145, and a huddle
  • the cylindrical curved surface 162 of the third straight light rod portion 150 is a driving nut receiving groove 163 which is disposed on the wall of the cylindrical curved surface 156 and cooperates with the driving nut 142.
  • the small rod 143 of the driving core rod 141 extends into the threaded hole 155 of the driving nut 142 and is threadedly engaged with the driving nut 142.
  • the axial distance of the end surface of the driving nut 142 to the small rod 143 of the first driving cone 145 is greater than the driving nut receiving groove. 163 to the axial distance of the first expansion taper 157 small rod 143.
  • the expansion member 164 is hugged outside the driving core rod 141 and the driving nut 142.
  • the driving nut 142 is mounted in the driving nut receiving groove 163.
  • the rotation preventing convex portion 154 of the driving nut 142 extends into the joint seam of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 164. .
  • connection method is different from that of Embodiment 1:
  • the threaded hole 155 of the driving nut 142 is screwed onto the small rod 143 of the driving core rod 141, and the axial distance of the end surface of the driving nut 142 to the small rod 143 of the first driving cone 145 is greater than the driving nut receiving groove 163 to the first The axial distance of the expansion cone 157 small rod 143;
  • the three-lobed expansion member 164 is hug on the driving nut 142 and the driving core rod 141, and is mounted in the nut receiving groove 163 by the driving nut 142.
  • the rotation preventing convex portion 154 of the driving nut 142 extends into the adjacent two-valve expansion member 164.
  • the expansion member 164 is completely positioned in the joint gap with the driving nut 142 and the driving core rod 141;
  • the driving core rod includes a driving core body 191, and the resisting portion 192 protruding from the outer periphery of the driving core rod body 191 and the two structures have the same expansion and contraction.
  • a threaded portion 195 disposed at an end of the driving core rod body 191 away from the resisting portion 192 is engaged with the driving nut 194, is disposed on the end surface of the resisting portion 192, is mounted with the expansion fastening assembly, and is disassembled and expanded.
  • a hexagonal through hole 196 that engages the wrench when the assembly is coupled, and six evenly distributed rotation preventing grooves 197 that are disposed on the end surface of the abutting portion 192 and penetrate the peripheral surface of the abutting portion 192.
  • the expansion and contraction projection 193 is used to expand and contract the expansion sleeve 198.
  • the expansion and contraction projection 193 includes a driving cone 199 disposed on a side facing away from the abutting portion 192 for driving the expansion sleeve 198 to expand, and is disposed on a side facing the resisting portion 192 to form a contraction for contracting the expansion sleeve 198.
  • the cylindrical light rod portion 201 that connects the driving cone 199 and the contracting tapered recess portion 200 is connected by the tapered recess portion 200, and the driving cone 199 coincides with the taper direction of the contracting tapered recess portion 200.
  • the driving core housing accommodating space includes a first accommodating space formed by the cylindrical curved surface 202 of the accommodating driving core body 191, and a second accommodating space 203 for accommodating the resisting portion 192.
  • the second accommodation space 203 cooperates with the abutting portion 192 and completely accommodates the abutting portion 192.
  • a nut accommodating groove 204 that is engaged with the driving nut 194 and two expansion and contraction accommodating grooves 205 that are respectively engaged with the two expansion and contraction projections 193 are provided on the wall of the cylindrical curved surface 202.
  • the expansion and contraction accommodating groove 205 is formed away from the groove wall of the resisting portion 192 to drive the expansion
  • the expansion sleeve 198 is expanded, and the expansion taper 206 is engaged with the driving cone 199 of the driving core rod.
  • the expansion and contraction receiving groove 205 is formed toward the groove wall of the resisting portion 192 for contracting the expansion sleeve 198 and the contraction of the driving core rod.
  • the conical taper surface 208 which is fitted by the conical recessed portion 200, and the conical taper surface 206 and the constricting taper surface 208, and the cylindrical curved surface 209 which is engaged with the optical rod portion 201.
  • the shape of the single first wedge-shaped resisting portion 251 on the cross section passing through the axis is trapezoidal; the shape of the first wedge-shaped resisting groove 252 on the section passing through the axis is the first
  • the trapezoidal resisting portion 251 is fitted with a trapezoidal shape; in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve 253 (not fully expanded), the first wedge-shaped resisting portion 251 and the first wedge-shaped resisting groove 252 are in surface contact with the two inclined faces of the trapezoid.
  • the shape of the single wedge-shaped abutting portion 301 on the expansion member 300 is semi-circular in shape on the cross section passing through the axis; the wedge shape on the wall of the circular through hole 303 of the connecting sleeve 302
  • the shape of the abutment groove 304 in the cross section passing through the axis is a semicircular arc shape that cooperates with the wedge-shaped abutting portion 301.
  • the wedge-shaped abutting portion 301 and the wedge-shaped abutment groove 304 are in contact by two semicircular arcuate faces.
  • a portion of the wedge-shaped abutting portion 322 on the expansion sleeve 321 is engaged with a portion of the wedge-shaped abutment groove 325 of the hole wall of the circular through hole 324 of the connecting sleeve 323, and the partial wedge-shaped resisting portion 322 is disposed.
  • the wave spring 330 is mounted between the coupling sleeve 323 and the connected member 326.
  • the expansion fastening structure is different from that of the first embodiment in that the expansion sleeve 350 is formed by the two-valve expansion member 351.
  • a resisting portion 356 is provided on the drive nut 355.
  • the expansion fastening assembly also includes a cap 357.
  • the cap 357 includes a lumen 358, and a buckle 359 is protruded from a bottom surface of the inner cavity 358.
  • An abutment groove 360 that cooperates with the buckle 359 is disposed on an outer circumference of the resisting portion 356 of the driving nut 355.
  • the resisting portion 356 of the driving nut 355 is abutted against the end surface of the expansion sleeve 350 away from the positioning resisting portion 353, and the cap 357 is fastened to the resisting groove 360 by the buckle 359 to be mounted with the driving nut 355.
  • a portion of the small rod 365 of the drive mandrel 362 projecting from the coupling sleeve 361 and the abutment portion 356 of the drive nut 355 are completely received within the inner cavity 358 of the cap 357.
  • connection method is different from that of Embodiment 1 in that after the expansion sleeve 350 is fully expanded, when the resisting portion 356 of the driving nut 355 is resisted by the end surface of the expansion sleeve 350, the driving nut 355 and the driving core rod 362 are completely mounted in position, and the driving core rod is driven.
  • the rotation stop 363 is screwed onto the rotation preventing screw portion 364, and the rotation preventing nut 363 abuts against the positioning abutting portion 353 of the expansion sleeve 350.
  • the buckle 359 of the cap 357 is snapped into the abutment groove 360 of the drive nut 355.
  • the rotation nut 363 is first separated from the rotation preventing screw portion 364 of the driving core rod 362, the cap 357 is separated from the driving nut 355, and the core rod 362 is driven in the reverse direction.
  • the expansion fastening structure differs from Embodiment 11 in that the expansion fastening connection assembly includes a cap 380 and a cap 381.
  • the cap 380 includes an inner cavity 382.
  • the bottom surface of the inner cavity 382 is provided with a stud 383.
  • the stud 383 is provided with a threaded hole 384.
  • the driving core 385 is provided with a threaded portion 386 protruding from the expansion sleeve 390.
  • the cap 381 includes a cavity 387.
  • the bottom surface of the inner cavity 387 is provided with a stud 388.
  • the stud 388 is provided with a threaded hole 389.
  • the driving core 385 is provided with a threaded portion 391 protruding from the expansion sleeve 390. Portion 391 is also used to connect the stop nut 392.
  • the threaded hole 384 of the cap 380 is screwed onto the threaded portion 386 of the drive core 385, and the resisting portion 395 of the drive nut 394 protruding from the sleeve 393 is partially received by the cap 380. Inside the lumen 382.
  • the threaded hole 389 of the cap 381 is screwed onto the threaded portion 391 of the driving core rod 385, and the wave spring 397 of the connected member 396, the positioning resisting portion 398 of the expansion sleeve 390, and the partial thread portion are protruded. 391.
  • the anti-rotation nut 392 is received in the inner cavity 387 of the cap 381.
  • connection method is different from that of the embodiment 11 in that the cap 380 is screwed onto the threaded portion 386; the rotation nut 392 is screwed onto the threaded portion 391, and the cap 381 is screwed onto the threaded portion 391.
  • the cap 380 is separated from the threaded portion 386 of the drive mandrel 385; the cap 381 is separated from the threaded portion 391 of the drive mandrel 385, and the stop nut 392 is separated from the threaded portion 391 of the drive mandrel 385;
  • the core rod 385 can be driven in the reverse direction.
  • the expansion fastening structure is different from that of the first embodiment in that the driving core member includes a core rod 420, a driving nut 421, and a driving member 422.
  • the core rod 420 is a hexagon socket head screw
  • the core rod body 423 is a screw rod
  • the core rod abutting portion 424 is a screw head.
  • the drive nut 421 includes a driving cone 425, a cylindrical straight rod portion 426 connected to the small end of the driving cone 425, and a cylindrical straight rod portion 427 connected to the large end of the driving cone 425, connected to the straight rod portion 427, radial
  • the cylindrical resisting portion 428 protruding from the straight rod portion 426, the threaded hole 429 disposed at the axial center position, and the driving cone 425, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical straight rod portion 426, the groove bottom and the cylindrical straight rod portion 426 Three recessed portions 430 of the cylinder.
  • the driving member 422 includes a driving cone 431, a cylindrical straight rod portion 432 connected to the big end of the driving cone 431, and a cylindrical resisting portion 433 connected to the straight rod portion 432 and radially protruding from the straight rod portion 432.
  • the through hole 434 at the axial center position has three recessed portions 435 which are coaxial with the driving cone 431, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical straight rod portion 432, and the groove bottom and the groove bottom of the recessed portion 430.
  • a first rib 437 that mates with a corresponding recess 430 on the drive nut 421 and a second rib 438 that mates with a corresponding recess 435 on the drive member 422 are provided on the expansion member 436.
  • the first ribs 437 and the second ribs 438 are coplanar on both sides, and are connected as a whole.
  • the driving core housing accommodation space includes a first accommodating space and a second accommodating space.
  • the first accommodating space includes a cylindrical curved surface 440 of a portion of the straight rod portion 427 of the entangled drive nut 421, a tapered surface 441 that is joined to the cylindrical curved surface 440 at the large end, and that converges the driving cone 425, and a tapered surface 441 for expansion.
  • the large end of the face 443 is joined to the cylindrical curved surface 444 of the straight rod portion 432 of the driving member 422.
  • the second accommodating space includes a counterbore-shaped recess 445 communicating with the cylindrical curved surface 440 for accommodating the resisting portion 428 of the driving nut 421, and a resisting portion 433 communicating with the cylindrical curved surface 444 for accommodating the driving member 422
  • the counterbore recess 446 In the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve 439, the resisting portion 428 is completely received in the counterbore-shaped recessed portion 445, and the resisting portion 433 is completely received in the counterbore-shaped recessed portion 446.
  • the core rod 420 is provided with one end of the wedge-shaped abutting portion 456 threadedly connected to the threaded hole 429 of the driving nut 421 through the through hole 434 of the driving member 422.
  • the axial distance between the small end of the driving cone 425 of the driving nut 421 to the small end of the driving cone 431 of the driving member 422 is slightly smaller than the cylindrical curved surface.
  • the three-lobed expansion member 436 is hugged on the drive nut 421 and the drive member 422.
  • the first rib 437 of the expansion member 436 is mounted in a corresponding recess 430 of the drive nut 421, and the expansion member 436 and the drive nut 421 are positioned against the drive cone 425 by the expansion tapered surface 441.
  • the second rib 438 of the expansion member 436 is mounted in a corresponding recess 435 of the drive member 422, and the expansion member 436 and the drive member 422 are positioned against the drive cone 431 by the expansion tapered surface 443.
  • the three-valve expansion member 436 is not automatically separated from the drive nut 421, the driving member 422, and the core rod 420 by the spring 447 and the spring 448.
  • connection method for an expansion fastening structure comprising the following steps:
  • the core body 423 of the core rod 420 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 429 of the driving nut 421 through the through hole 434 of the driving member 422, and the nut 421 is driven in a state where the resisting portion 433 of the driving member 422 abuts against the core rod resisting portion 424.
  • the axial distance between the small end of the driving cone 425 to the driving cone 431 of the driving member 422 is slightly smaller than the axial length of the cylindrical curved surface 442;
  • the three-lobed expansion member 436 is hug on the drive nut 421 and the driving member 422.
  • the first rib 437 of the expansion member 436 extends into the corresponding recess 430 of the drive nut 421, and the second rib 438 of the expansion member 436 extends into the corresponding recess 430.
  • the corresponding recessed portion 435 of the driving member 422 is positioned and expanded on the driving cone 431 by the expansion taper 441 abutting on the driving cone 425 and positioning the expansion member 436 with the driving nut 421 and the expanding tapered surface 443.
  • the three-valve expansion member 436 and the driving nut 421, the driving member 422, and the core rod 420 are not automatically separated by the spring 447 and the spring 448 to complete the connection of the expansion fastening assembly;
  • the wave spring 449 is sleeved on the expansion body 450 of the expansion sleeve 439;
  • One end of the expansion sleeve 439 provided with the wedge-shaped abutting portion 456 is sequentially passed through the circular through hole 452 on the connected member 451, the circular through hole 459 on the connected member 458, and the wedge-shaped resisting portion 456 axially protrudes from the connected member 458 to be connected.
  • the sleeve 453 is provided with an end of the expansion sleeve 439 provided with the wedge-shaped resisting portion 456 on the expansion sleeve 439;
  • the positioning abutting portion 455 of the expansion sleeve 439 and the connecting sleeve 453 apply an axial force in a relative direction, and the connecting sleeve 453, the connected member 458, the connected member 451, the wave spring 449, and the positioning resisting portion 455 abut against each other, and the expansion sleeve
  • the 439 is axially resisted by the connecting member 451 by the positioning resisting portion 455, and the wedge-shaped resisting portion 456 on the expansion sleeve 439 is opposite to the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting groove 457 of the connecting sleeve 453;
  • the rotating core rod 420, the driving nut 421, and the driving member 422 are synchronously moved in synchronization, and the driving cone 425 of the driving nut 421 slides on the expansion tapered surface 441, and the driving cone 431 of the driving member 422 slides on the expansion tapered surface 443.
  • the driving expansion sleeve 439 is expanded, and each of the expansion members 436 is moved radially, and the wedge-shaped abutting portions 456 extend into the corresponding wedge-shaped resisting grooves 457 of the connecting sleeve 453 to resist each other by surface-to-surface matching to form a snap;
  • the expansion sleeve 439 After the expansion sleeve 439 is fully expanded, the expansion sleeve 439 is no longer moved in the radial direction and remains in the fully expanded state.
  • the core rod 420 is continuously rotated, and the driving nut 421 and the core rod 420 continue to move relative to the axial direction of the expansion sleeve 439, and the nut 421 is driven.
  • the straight rod portion 427 passes over the small end of the expansion tapered surface 441 until the resist portion 428 is resisted by the bottom surface of the counterbore recess 445, and the straight rod portion 432 of the driving member 422 passes over the small end of the expansion tapered surface 443 until the resist portion 433 is
  • the bottom surface of the counterbore recess 446 is resisted, and the driving nut 421, the driving member 422, and the core rod 420 are completely mounted in position, the rotating core rod 420 is stopped, and the driving core member stops driving;
  • the connected member 458 is axially resisted by the connecting sleeve 453, and the connected member 451 is axially resisted by the positioning resisting portion 455 of the expansion sleeve 439.
  • the expansion sleeve 439 connects and connects the connecting sleeve 453, the connected member 458, and the connected member 451. .
  • the positioning resisting portion 491 of the expansion sleeve 490 is tapered, and the tapered receiving hole 493 for accommodating the positioning resisting portion 491 is provided on the connected member 492.
  • the hole 493 is in communication with the circular through hole 494 of the connected member 492, and is engaged with the positioning resisting portion 491.
  • the shape of the single wedge-shaped abutting portion 495 on the cross section passing through the axis is a triangle; the shape of the wedge-shaped abutting groove 496 on the cross section passing through the axis is a triangle that cooperates with the wedge-shaped resisting portion 495.
  • the wedge-shaped abutment portion 495 and the wedge-shaped abutment groove 496 are engaged by the two inclined faces of the triangle.

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Abstract

一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件,膨胀紧固连接结构包括膨胀紧固连接组件、被连接件;膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件(25)、由膨胀件(8)组成的膨胀套(9);在膨胀件上设有膨胀用锥面(38);在驱动芯件上设有驱动锥面;还包括连接套(7),在连接套的孔壁上设有环状的楔形抵挡槽(13);膨胀件包括楔形抵挡部(15)和定位抵挡部(16);在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,楔形抵挡部伸入相应的楔形抵挡槽内形成卡合,被连接件一侧由定位抵挡部轴向抵挡,另一侧由连接套轴向抵挡,膨胀套将连接套、两个以上的被连接件连接固定在一起;优点是能代替螺栓和螺母,即使在载荷特别大、或震动特别大、或高温或高低温交叉变化等恶劣场合、连接也不会失效,连接非常可靠。

Description

一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件 技术领域:
本发明涉及一种可代替螺纹连接和、膨胀螺丝连接等、机械静联接两个以上的物体的膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件,特别是涉及一种可拆卸机械静联接飞机、船舶、设备、航空航天设备、航母、飞船、火箭、发动机、核反应设备、火车、高铁、铁轨、钢结构建筑、钢结构桥梁、汽车等等机械设备关键部位上的高要求、恶劣环境使用或载荷大的连接机械零件的膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件。
背景技术:
现有的可拆卸机械静联接一般为螺纹连接、键连接、销连接、膨胀螺丝连接等,最广泛应用的为螺纹连接。
螺纹连接都需要拧紧。螺纹连接的螺母和螺栓之间的连接力,主要表现为拧紧螺纹和螺栓时的预紧力产生的静摩擦力。因此对关键物体的螺纹连接,必须控制预紧力的大小,以保证工作的可靠性。
参考连祖虎发表的“螺纹连接的失效形式及原因分析”一文的分析,螺纹连接的失效形式及原因分析具体为以下几个方面:
一是因载荷过大引起的螺纹连接的失效。螺纹连接的螺栓和螺母在拧紧时,螺栓因承受拉力引起伸长,导致螺母支承面附近的螺纹承受很大载荷,而且螺母承受的压缩载荷也产生同样的载荷集中。外载增加时,螺栓继续弹性伸长,被连接件压缩变形相应减小(即紧固力减小),甚至消失;或因螺栓伸长(应变)超过了弹性极限,因塑性屈服而产生永久变形,使预紧力减少,导致连接失效(畸变、断裂、丧失紧密性等)。
二是常见的疲劳破坏导致的螺纹连接的失效。螺纹连接受交变载荷作用会使连接中的预紧力变化导致连接松脱。当循环交变载荷作用在仅连接的螺栓上时,螺栓因收较大的交变应力产生疲劳裂纹甚至断裂。疲劳失效通常发生在应力集中较严重的地方,如:螺杆头部、螺纹收尾部、螺杆支撑平面所在处的螺纹、螺杆的过渡圆角处等。
三是高温下导致螺纹连接失效的蠕变。蠕变是指金属材料在恒定温度和恒定应力的长期作用下,随着时间的延长材料缓慢地发生塑性变形。蠕变可以在小于材料的屈服极限的应力下发生。在低温下,蠕变并不明显,只有达到一定的温度(材料熔化温度的3/10左右)才变得显著。蠕变会导致高温下的螺纹连接失效。为了消除蠕变,当连接在室温下装配时采取补偿措施,如提高预紧力、或对螺栓再预紧等。
四是微动磨损导致螺纹连接的失效。微动磨损是由一承受重载荷的表面,在另一表面上做很小相对运动造成的。承载振动的螺纹连接最易产生微动磨损。
现有的对螺纹连接的防松,一是利用附加静摩擦力进行防松,如增加弹簧垫圈,或在低速重载场合下利用两螺母的对顶作用即对顶螺母防松,或在螺母中嵌有尼龙圈等;二是采用专门防松元件、或物质如防松胶水等;三是最主要的防松方式,就是提高螺栓螺母的抗拉强度,从4.9级、8.8级、10.9级、12.9级、14.9级一直不断提高。尽管采取了很多种方式改善螺纹连接的连接效果,但是物体间的连接还是依靠静摩擦力,无法从根本上解决上述几种螺纹连接的失效,如螺杆拉断、断头、螺纹的压溃和剪断、磨损后的滑扣等。
物体间的机械静联接出现一些关键部位连接的螺栓断裂、螺纹连接的失效引起的安全问题和安全事故,经常碰到,是全球面临的通病,也是本领域的技术人员不断研究改进急待解决还没有解决的问题。小螺栓、大事故,经常因螺栓断裂发生重大事故,如汽车的发动机的连杆螺栓断裂造成捣缸事故;2009年4月18日发生的哈尔滨塔吊螺栓断裂造成的1死4伤的事故;据台湾媒体报道的核二厂一号机反应炉检出7支锚定螺栓断裂、毁损可能引起核安全的事故;2012年6月29日16时45分发生的、5号座舱支撑系统的中导柱螺栓发生疲劳断裂、造成深圳东部华侨城“太空迷航”娱乐项目发生6人死亡、10人受伤的重大安全事故;作为高端车辆的代表厂家,因无法解决螺丝断裂的技术问题,导致宝马发动机因螺丝断裂瞬间失去动力熄火事件导致召回23万辆车(宝马(中国)汽车贸易有限公司、华晨宝马汽车有限公司决定自2014年6月18日起,召回23万辆车),制造厂家受到巨大 经济损失和商誉损失,更严重的是会造成车主的生命财产安全等等,全世界每年因为螺纹连接失效导致的一系列安全事故非常多,例子不胜枚举。
现有的膨胀螺丝由螺杆和膨胀管等部件组成,螺杆尾部为圆锥状,圆锥的外径大于膨胀管内径。当螺母拧紧的时候,螺杆圆锥向膨胀管移动,通过螺纹的轴向移动使圆锥部分移动,进而在膨胀管的外周面形成很大的正压力使膨胀管变形,变形部分与连接物体胀紧,从而连接物体间形成摩擦自锁,进而达到固定作用。膨胀螺纹连接的固定,是利用楔形斜度来促使膨胀产生静摩擦,达到固定效果,一般用于建筑上防护栏、雨篷、空调等在水泥、砖等不便攻螺纹的材料上的紧固;但它的固定并不十分可靠,如果载荷有较大震动,可能发生松脱,因此不推荐用于安装吊扇等,膨胀螺丝一般不用于机械零件的连接。
专利号为92205294.8的实用新型专利中,公开了一种用于紧固构件或作为嵌装螺母使用的多功能膨胀螺栓,它由膨胀栓体、膨胀芯杆、冲芯杆组成;膨胀栓体上部有一帽;膨胀栓体尾端开有十字形豁口;膨胀栓体中心开有一个圆柱形带螺纹的芯孔,冲芯杆带螺纹、也可以不带螺纹。膨胀紧固连接结构包括母体连接部上的光盲孔,附体连接部上的光通孔,膨胀栓体穿过附体连接部上的光通孔伸入到母体连接部上的光盲孔内,将冲芯杆沿芯孔打击进去时,推动膨胀芯杆顶入墙内,尾端膨胀,膨胀栓体将母体连接部、附体连接部连接在一起。膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法包括:将冲芯杆沿芯孔打击进去时,推动膨胀芯杆顶入墙内,尾端膨胀,可以起到紧固作用;也可以做为嵌装螺母预埋在墙内,拧进不同形状的螺杆,可以起不同的安装固定作用。膨胀紧固连接结构的拆卸方法包括:如果需要将多功能膨胀螺栓拆除,只需将膨胀芯杆冲过膨胀栓体的尾端,然后用拉销器将膨胀栓体拉出即可,拆卸时只需用电钻将帽钻削掉即可。这种结构的膨胀螺栓,依靠胀开后的膨胀栓体的尾端变形嵌入到母体内。该专利的膨胀螺钉、膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法,主要存在以下几个方面的不足:一是母体的材料硬度要远低于膨胀栓体的材料硬度,膨胀栓体的尾端才能嵌入到母体内,使用范围受限,适用于砖、瓦、水泥、木结构等不便攻螺纹的构件上的紧固安装或作嵌装螺母使用,不适合机械零件特别是金属机械零件的连接;二是主要依靠膨胀栓体的尾端膨胀变形后对母体壁孔内壁产生较大的径向静态挤压力,径向挤压力产生的静摩擦力和膨胀栓体的尾端变形后的抵挡力将膨胀栓体、母体、附体连接在一起,实现防松脱的目的;由于在母体内预钻的壁孔内径通常与膨胀栓体的直径相配,膨胀栓体的尾端能够胀开的幅度即变形量较小,其与母体的壁孔内壁径向挤压力产生的静摩擦力只存在于膨胀栓体尾端段;当载荷较大或用于有震动的场合,膨胀栓体与母体的孔壁之间会发生微量滑动摩擦,随着时间的累积,滑动量增大,就有可能因膨胀螺栓松脱导致物件脱落而发生安全事故;或者在膨胀栓体受较大的轴向方向的载荷时,膨胀栓体的尾端会在受到母体的作用力下收拢变形,使膨胀栓体尾端与母体的静摩擦力、膨胀栓体变形后的抵挡力大大减小,因此膨胀栓体在受到较大的轴向力的作用下会克服膨胀栓体的尾端与母体间的静摩擦力、膨胀栓体的尾端变形后的抵挡力将膨胀栓体从母体内拉出,导致易失效;因此这种结构的膨胀螺栓,不适用于载荷较大或有较大震动的场合,对于如附体安装在母体下方的膨胀螺栓受到较大的轴向载荷的情况下也不太适用,不推荐该种膨胀螺栓用于紧固吊扇等物件;三是该膨胀螺栓虽然可拆卸,拆卸时需将膨胀芯杆冲过膨胀栓体的尾端,然后用拉销器将膨胀栓体拉出即可,拆卸时只需用电钻将帽钻削掉即可;一方面拆卸麻烦,另一方面拆卸后膨胀螺栓完全破坏掉不能再用,特别是因膨胀栓体的尾端因胀开变形大于母体上的孔,拆卸时会严重损坏母体。
专利号为201220208899.2的实用新型专利中,公开了一种膨胀螺钉,包括螺钉(1)、楔形螺母(2)、装饰套(6),螺钉(1)上设置有楔形套(5)和楔形螺母(2),楔形套(5)和楔形螺母(2)外面设置有对合两个半外套(3),两个半外套(3)中间绕有弹簧(4)。这种结构的膨胀紧固连接结构,两个半外套完全安装在母体内,通过楔形套的锥形部穿过附体、再通过螺钉穿过锥形套与楔形螺母固定将附体与母体连接在一起。膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法及拆卸方法包括以下步骤:在墙壁或地面上钻好与圆柱形外套一样大的孔,将膨胀螺钉插入预制孔内,由于楔形螺母上三角形斜楔被两个半外套卡往,拧紧螺钉时,楔形螺母靠近楔形套,将两个半外套撑开与预制孔胀紧,达到紧固的目的;当松开螺钉后,楔形螺母远离楔形套,两个半外套在弹簧的作用下合在一起收缩,便可拆除膨胀螺钉。该专利的膨胀螺钉、膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法,虽然拆卸时不会损坏膨胀螺钉和母体,还是存在以下几个方面的不足:一是两个半外套与母体之间的连接力还是胀紧静摩擦力, 附体与母体之间的连接力为螺钉与楔形螺母之间的螺纹连接预紧静摩擦力,因此在轴线方向受力很小,螺纹连接的缺点随时会体现出来;二是两个半外套在母体内无法轴向定位。
专利号为201210245807.2的发明专利中,公开了一种在建筑物上开制壁孔固定物件的方法及该方法所使用的膨胀螺栓、专用镗具,方法主要包括以下步骤:按传统方法钻出盲孔;用专用镗具在盲孔的底部镗出直径大于盲孔直径的扩孔并形成台阶面;膨胀螺栓插入到盲孔内;安装被固定物件;套上垫圈后用扳手旋紧螺母,在旋紧的过程中,螺杆尾部逐渐挤压膨胀套尾部的瓣片使其逐渐向外弯曲,最后形成勾抵于上述台阶面的翻边。该发明专利,虽然由于将膨胀套尾部的瓣片与混凝土之间由径向挤压力产生的滑动静摩擦力变为瓣片对混凝土的轴向勾抵力,通过增厚瓣片的厚度,进一步提高膨胀螺栓的防脱性能,防止物件坠落,这种在建筑物上开制壁孔固定物件的方法及该方法所使用的膨胀螺栓、专用镗具,存在以下几个不足:一是膨胀套尾部的瓣片是通过变形与扩孔形成配合,无法与扩孔精密配合,特别是膨胀套尾部的瓣片与扩孔形成线接触,在膨胀套尾部的瓣片与扩孔的线接触位置会产生很大的应力集中导致该处断裂,以及膨胀套由于需要变形因此不能够制造成高强度而容易断裂,因此虽然膨胀套尾部的瓣片与混凝土之间由径向挤压力产生的滑动静摩擦力变为瓣片对混凝土的轴向勾抵力,但固定还是很不可靠;二是在建筑物上扩孔,建筑物为混凝土材料,在与膨胀套尾部的瓣片的线接触位置产生的很大的应力会导致该处混凝土脱落,在母体、附体、膨胀螺栓间容易产生很大的轴向间隙,严重影响固定效果;三是附体与母体之间的连接力还是螺纹连接预紧静摩擦力,螺纹连接的缺点随时会体现出来。
专利号为201120031423.1的实用新型专利中,公开了一种快速膨胀地脚螺栓,在外套管张紧叶片上设有数个外套管防滑凸块,该防滑凸块的作用仅仅是增加静摩擦力,并没有抵挡的作用,同时也是一种螺纹连接,具备了螺纹连接的所有缺点。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,为了克服现有全球广泛使用的可拆卸机械静联接的螺纹连接技术中存在的问题。也就是普通螺钉和普通螺栓依靠静摩擦力将物体连接在一起,膨胀螺栓和膨胀是依靠静摩擦力、或依靠膨胀套的变形抵挡将物体连接在一起,这样在载荷大,特别是轴向载荷大或震动大或高温或高低温交叉变化等恶劣场合、上述结构的连接易失效引起事故。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件,在轴向方向用整体式结构连接母体构件和附体构件、且依靠面与面的抵挡力将母体构件和附体构件连接在一起,即使在载荷特别大特别是轴向载荷特别大、或震动特别大、或高温或高低温交叉变化等恶劣场合、连接也不会失效,连接非常可靠。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,为了克服现有全球广泛使用的可拆卸机械静联接的螺纹连接技术中存在的问题。也就是普通螺钉和普通螺栓依靠静摩擦力将物体连接在一起,膨胀螺栓和膨胀是依靠静摩擦力、或依靠膨胀套的变形抵挡将物体连接在一起,这样在载荷大,特别是轴向载荷大或震动大或高温或高低温交叉变化等恶劣场合、上述结构的连接易失效引起事故。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种能替代螺栓螺母的膨胀紧固连接组件、膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法,在轴向方向用整体式结构连接两个以上的被连接件、且依靠面与面的抵挡力将两个以上的被连接件连接在一起,即使在载荷特别大特别是轴向载荷特别大、或震动特别大、或高温或高低温交叉变化等恶劣场合、连接也不会失效,连接非常可靠。
实现本发明的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,包括膨胀紧固连接组件、两个以上的被连接件;在被连接件上均设有通孔;
膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件;膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套;
在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面;
在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间,膨胀用锥面设置在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上;
在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;
还包括连接套,在连接套上设有孔,在连接套的孔的孔壁上设有环状的楔形抵挡槽;
每瓣膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上、与楔形抵挡槽配合的楔形抵挡部,径向凸设在膨胀件本体一端的外周上的定位抵挡部;膨胀套上相应的楔形抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状;
驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内,膨胀套设有楔形抵挡部的一端穿过所有被连接件伸入连接套内,膨胀套的定位抵挡部径向凸出被连接件的通孔、并由被连接件抵挡定位;膨胀套的楔形抵挡部与连接套的相应的楔形抵挡槽正对,膨胀件本体与所有被连接件的通孔、连接套的孔配合;
在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,楔形抵挡部伸入相应的楔形抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,被连接件朝向定位抵挡部的一侧由定位抵挡部轴向抵挡,被连接件朝向连接套的一侧由连接套轴向抵挡,膨胀套将连接套、两个以上的被连接件连接固定在一起。
作为方案一的改进,在膨胀套完全膨胀的状态,膨胀套上相应的膨胀件本体的外周面分布在同一圆周面上,与被连接件上圆孔的孔壁通过面与面接触紧配合或与被连接件上圆孔的孔壁均匀间隙配合。
膨胀套上相应的膨胀件本体的外周面分布在同一圆周面上,一方面能与被连接件上圆孔的孔壁通过面与面接触紧配合;更重要的是楔形抵挡部能完全或周向均匀地进入到楔形抵挡槽内,使楔形抵挡部与楔形抵挡槽的接触面积达到最大限度,从而使膨胀套能承载的轴向力达到最大。这种结构被连接件上圆孔的孔壁通过面与面接触紧配合或与被连接件上圆孔的孔壁均匀间隙配合,是指理想状态,在存在加工误差和装配误差时可能会有一点点偏差。
作为方案一的改进,单个楔形抵挡部包括导向段,与导向段相连的抵挡段,连接抵挡段和膨胀件本体的连接段,抵挡段与膨胀件轴线垂直;单个楔形抵挡槽包括与连接套上的孔的孔壁相连的两导向面,与两导向面相连、与连接套上的孔的轴线垂直的两垂直面,连接两垂直面的避空用连接面;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,导向段与避空用连接面间隙配合,抵挡段被垂直面抵挡,连接段与两导向面间隙配合。
作为方案一的改进,单个楔形抵挡部在经过轴线的截面上的形状为尖角形或梯形或弧形;楔形抵挡槽在经过轴线的截面上的形状为与楔形抵挡部配合的尖角形或梯形或弧形;楔形抵挡部与楔形抵挡槽通过尖角形两个斜面面接触或梯形的两个斜面面接触、或通过弧形面接触。
尖角形的楔形抵挡部和楔形抵挡槽、或梯形的楔形抵挡部和楔形抵挡槽、或弧形的楔形抵挡部和楔形抵挡槽,可以使连接套、被连接件、膨胀套轴向的配合完全没有间隙,降低加工精度。
作为方案一的改进,还包括套在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上、消除轴向间隙的波形弹簧或弹性垫圈,波形弹簧或弹性垫圈安装在定位抵挡部与被连接件之间或安装在被连接件与连接套之间。
波形弹簧或弹性垫圈,可以消除膨胀套上的楔形抵挡部与连接套上的楔形抵挡槽因配合需要或加工时误差产生的轴向间隙,使膨胀套、连接套、被连接件轴向无间隙紧配合,连接效果更好。
作为方案一的改进,还包括套在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上的刚性垫圈,刚性垫圈安装在定位抵挡部与被连接件之间、和/或连接套与被连接件之间,刚性垫圈的厚度与膨胀套的定位抵挡部和安装在膨胀套上的连接套相对面之间的轴向距离再减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和匹配。
当膨胀紧固连接组件设计成标准件时,当选用某一种规格的膨胀紧固连接组件时,由于膨胀套的定位抵挡部和安装在膨胀套上的连接套相对面之间的轴向距离是固定不变的,而两个以上的被连接件的厚度是变化的,增加刚性垫圈,就可以将膨胀套设计成标准件。在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上没有套有消除轴向间隙的波形弹簧或弹性垫圈时,选用膨胀件的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离大于或等于需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和的膨胀件,等于时就不需要加刚性垫圈,大于时就增加刚性垫圈,刚性垫圈的厚度等于膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离再减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和。在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上套有消除轴向间隙的波形弹簧或弹性垫圈时,选用膨胀件的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离大于或等于需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和的膨胀件加波形弹簧或弹性垫圈的厚度,等于时就不需要加刚 性垫圈,大于时就增加刚性垫圈,刚性垫圈的厚度等于膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和、再减去波形弹簧或弹性垫圈的厚度。
作为方案六的改进,刚性垫圈厚度的规格包括一个单位长度、二个单位长度、五个单位长度。
刚性垫圈厚度的规格包括一个单位长度、二个单位长度、五个单位长度,这样在膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离固定不变的情况下,不管两个以上需要被连接件的厚度如何变化,通过不同规格的刚性垫圈的组合,都能满足需要。
作为方案一的改进,驱动芯件还包括与驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部,驱动芯件容置空间包括与膨胀用锥面小端相连的圆柱形曲面;与膨胀用锥面小端相连的圆柱形曲面的直径等于与驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部的直径;直光杆部的轴向长度大于驱动锥面的轴向长度;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,与膨胀用锥面小端相连的圆柱形曲面通过面与面接触和与驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部的外周面抵靠在一起,驱动芯件上的驱动锥面与膨胀套上相应的膨胀用锥面之间在轴线方向存在设定距离。
在驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀过程中,驱动锥面沿膨胀用锥面滑动。在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,驱动芯件的直光杆部与驱动锥面大端相连的一端越过膨胀用锥面的小端,由于与膨胀用锥面小端相连的圆柱形曲面的直径等于与驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部的直径,圆柱形曲面与直光杆部的外周面通过面与面接触抵靠在一起,相比膨胀套和驱动芯件线接触,膨胀套基本不会因为受到径向方向的力产生变形导致驱动芯件和膨胀套之间产生径向方向的间隙,确保膨胀套处于完全膨胀状态。驱动锥面与膨胀套上相应的膨胀用锥面之间在轴线方向存在设定距离,因此可以设定在膨胀套完全膨胀后,驱动芯件在膨胀套上还继续滑动一段距离。采用这种结构,在工作状态,即使驱动芯件朝向与驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀的运动方向相反的方向发生了部分位移,膨胀套会继续保持膨胀状态,从而可确保膨胀套在恶劣的工作环境下保持在完全膨胀状态。即是确保楔形抵挡部保持在楔形抵挡槽内,从而使用非常可靠,不会出现膨胀紧固连接组件连接失效的安全事故。膨胀件的外周面和形成驱动芯件容置空间的壁在同一截面的形状可为同心的圆弧,这样膨胀件加工方便;也可以为与膨胀用锥面大端相连的圆柱形曲面和与驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部面与面接触紧配合或均匀间隙配合,这样在驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀时运动更平稳。
作为上述方案的改进,在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,在相邻两被连接件的连接位置,直光杆部与膨胀套紧配合。
在相邻两被连接件的连接位置,驱动芯杆的直光杆部与膨胀套无间隙配合,驱动芯杆在连接位置不会因为受到扭矩变形,对于两个以上的被连接件水平并排安装的情况,大大提高驱动芯杆承受载荷的性能。
作为方案一的改进,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆;膨胀紧固连接组件还包括限位机构,限位机构为卡簧和卡槽,卡槽设置在膨胀套内与卡簧配合;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,卡簧安装在卡槽内,卡簧对驱动芯杆背离被连接件的面限位、使驱动芯杆保持在膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变。
作为方案一的改进,膨胀紧固连接组件还包括限位机构,在使用过程中完全确保驱动芯件处于膨胀套完全膨胀的状态不变,从而完全确保在使用过程中膨胀套处于完全膨胀的状态,膨胀套的楔形抵挡部抵挡在被连接件的楔形抵挡槽内,确保膨胀紧固连接组件连接被连接件和被连接件连接可靠,做到万无一失。
驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆和与驱动芯杆螺纹连接的驱动螺母;膨胀紧固连接组件还包括限位机构,限位机构为止转螺纹部和止转螺母结构,止转螺纹部设置在驱动芯杆凸出膨胀套朝向的端部;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,止转螺母螺纹连接在止转螺纹部上,止转螺母抵挡膨胀套的端面、使驱动芯杆保持在膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变。
作为方案一的改进,在每瓣膨胀件上形成驱动芯件容置空间的相应位置设有凸条或凹陷部,在膨胀件的凸条或凹陷部上设有膨胀用锥面;在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀件上的凸条配合的凹陷部、或与每瓣膨胀件上的凹陷部配合的凸条,在驱动芯件的凸条或凹陷部上设有驱动锥面。
在膨胀件上设有带膨胀用锥面的凸条,在驱动芯件上设有带驱动锥面的凹陷部,在两个以上的被连接件上的通孔的孔径不变的情况下,膨胀件上的凸条相当于增加了加强筋, 从而大大提高膨胀套可承受的轴向载荷;在驱动芯件上设有带驱动锥面的凸条,在膨胀件上设有带膨胀用锥面的凹陷部,在两个以上的被连接件的通孔的孔径不变的情况下,可大大增加膨胀件的厚度,从而大大提高膨胀套可承受的轴向载荷。
作为方案一的改进,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆或芯杆,在驱动芯杆或芯杆上设有在膨胀套完全膨胀状态、被膨胀套轴向抵挡轴向抵挡在膨胀套上的限位凸部。
在驱动芯杆或芯杆上设有限位凸部,一方面不需要技术就可将膨胀紧固连接组件安装在正确的位置,可确保膨胀套处于完全膨胀状态,另一方面可在膨胀套完全膨胀后,可确保驱动芯杆上的驱动锥面与膨胀套上相应的膨胀用锥面之间在轴线方向存在设定距离。
作为方案一的改进,膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽;盖帽包括内腔,在内腔的底面凸设有卡扣;在膨胀套或驱动芯件上设有抵挡槽;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,盖帽通过卡扣扣合在抵挡槽上与膨胀套或驱动芯件安装在一起,凸出被连接件的膨胀套、或凸出被连接件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
作为方案一的改进,膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽;盖帽包括内腔,在内腔的底面设有凸柱,在凸柱上设有螺纹孔;在驱动芯杆上设有凸出膨胀套的螺纹部;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,盖帽的螺纹孔螺纹连接在驱动芯杆上,凸出被连接件的膨胀套、或凸出被连接件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
设有盖帽,将膨胀套和驱动芯件盖住,不但外观美观,特别是还可以防尘、防水、防日照等,大大降低膨胀紧固连接组件受到外部环境的腐蚀等损害,大大提高膨胀紧固连接组件的连接可靠性和使用寿命。可只在朝向环境恶劣的一侧如室外设有盖帽,如两侧环境都比较恶劣,在需在两侧设有盖帽。
一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法包括连接方法包括:
提供一种膨胀紧固连接组件,膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件;膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套;
提供一种连接套,在连接套上设有孔,在连接套的孔的孔壁上设有环状的楔形抵挡槽;
提供需要进行联接的两个以上的被连接件,在被连接件上均设有通孔;
每瓣膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上、与楔形抵挡槽配合的楔形抵挡部,径向凸设在膨胀件本体一端的外周上的定位抵挡部;膨胀套上相应的楔形抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状;
将驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内,将膨胀套设有楔形抵挡部的一端穿过全部被连接件的通孔,膨胀套的楔形抵挡部轴向凸出被连接件,膨胀套的定位抵挡部径向凸出被连接件的通孔、并由被连接抵挡定位;
将连接套从膨胀套设有楔形抵挡部的一端套在膨胀套上;
向膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套施加相对方向的轴向力,连接套、被连接件、膨胀套的定位抵挡部抵靠在一起,膨胀套通过定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套的楔形抵挡部与连接套的相应楔形抵挡槽正对;
驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀,每瓣膨胀件径向运动,楔形抵挡部伸入相应的楔形抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合将连接套与膨胀套安装在一起,被连接件朝向定位抵挡部的一侧由定位抵挡部轴向抵挡,被连接件朝向连接套的一侧由连接套轴向抵挡,膨胀套将连接套、两个以上的被连接件连接固定在一起。
作为方案十六的改进,膨胀套完全膨胀后,膨胀套不再径向方向运动并保持完全膨胀状态不变,驱动芯杆继续相对膨胀套轴线方向运动至设定位置。
作为方案十六的改进,在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面;
在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间,膨胀用锥面设置在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上;
在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;
在驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀过程中,驱动锥面沿膨胀用锥面滑动,驱动每瓣膨胀件径向运动。
作为方案十六的改进,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,在驱动芯杆上设有驱动锥面;驱动芯杆还包括与驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部,直光杆部的轴向长度大于驱动锥面的轴向长度;
驱动芯件驱动膨胀套达到完全膨胀后,驱动芯件继续运动,驱动芯杆的直光杆部与驱动锥面大端相连的端部越过膨胀用锥面的小端继续运动至设定位置。
作为方案十六的改进,还包括对驱动芯杆抵挡部背离连接套的面限位、使驱动芯杆保 持膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变的限位机构;驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀,膨胀套不再产生径向运动时膨胀套完全膨胀;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,驱动芯件停止运动或继续运动运动至设定位置,再装上限位机构;限位机构对驱动芯杆背离连接套的面限位,使驱动芯杆保持膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变。
作为方案十六的改进,还驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动芯杆包括设有螺纹的小杆、与小端相连的由驱动锥面形成的第一驱动锥体、与第一驱动锥体大端相连的第一直光杆部;驱动芯件容置空间还包括与驱动螺母配合的螺母容置槽;驱动螺母安装在螺母容置槽内,驱动芯杆的小杆伸入驱动螺母内与驱动螺母螺纹配合,驱动芯杆安装在膨胀套内;
膨胀套的定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,旋转驱动芯杆使第一驱动锥体朝向驱动螺母方向的轴向运动,驱动螺母无轴向方向运动,第一驱动锥体与膨胀套的膨胀用锥面相对滑动,膨胀套膨胀。
作为方案十六的改进,膨胀紧固连接结构还包括对驱动芯杆抵挡部背离被连接件的面限位、使驱动芯杆保持膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变的限位机构;
膨胀紧固连接结构还包括弹簧,在每瓣膨胀件的外周面上径向设有弹簧容置槽;
驱动芯件为驱动芯杆,驱动芯杆包括光杆的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体、与驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部,设置在抵挡部端面上的芯件拔出机构;
连接方法依次包括以下步骤:
将膨胀件合抱在驱动芯杆上,并通过膨胀用锥面完全抵靠在驱动锥体上定位膨胀件与驱动芯杆;
通过弹簧、弹簧将膨胀件与驱动芯杆不会自动分开地安装在一起;
将膨胀套的膨胀件本体穿过被连接件上的圆通孔伸入被连接件上的圆盲孔内;
向膨胀套施加朝向被连接件的轴向方向的力,使膨胀套上的楔形抵挡部与被连接件上相应的楔形抵挡槽正对;
锤击或按压驱动芯杆,驱动芯杆驱动膨胀套膨胀;
驱动芯杆的抵挡部被膨胀套抵挡,驱动芯杆安装到位。
作为方案十六的改进,还驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动螺母包括由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔;驱动芯杆包括设有与驱动螺母的螺纹孔配合的螺纹部的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,与驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部;驱动芯杆的小杆与驱动螺母螺纹配合安装在一起,驱动螺母安装在驱动芯件容置空间内;
膨胀套的定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套无轴线方向的运动,通过驱动螺母与驱动芯杆螺纹配合,旋转驱动芯杆使得驱动螺母与驱动锥体同步相对运动,驱动锥体与膨胀套的膨胀用锥面相对滑动,膨胀套膨胀;驱动芯杆的抵挡部被膨胀套抵挡,驱动芯杆安装到位。
作为方案十六的改进,还驱动芯件包括芯杆、驱动螺母、驱动件;芯杆包括设有螺纹端的芯杆本体,径向凸设在芯杆本体上、远离螺纹端的芯杆抵挡部;驱动螺母包括螺母本体,在螺母本体上设有驱动锥面;驱动件包括驱动件本体,轴向贯穿驱动件本体的通孔,在驱动件本体上设有驱动锥面;
芯杆的螺纹端穿过驱动件上的通孔,芯杆抵挡部轴向抵挡驱动件,芯杆的螺纹端与驱动螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连接;
膨胀套的定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套无轴线方向的运动,通过芯杆的螺纹端与驱动螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连配合,旋转芯杆使驱动螺母与驱动件同步相对运动,驱动件上的驱动锥面相对膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面滑动,膨胀套膨胀;驱动芯杆的抵挡部被膨胀套抵挡,驱动芯杆安装到位。
作为方案十六的改进,还还包括套在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上的刚性垫圈;
提供刚性垫圈;
根据需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和选择膨胀件,膨胀件的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离大于或等于需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和;
膨胀件的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离大于需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和时,根据膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和选择刚性垫圈的厚度;
将刚性垫圈安装在定位抵挡部与被连接件之间、和/或连接套与被连接件之间。
作为方案十六的改进,还提供刚性垫圈的厚度的规格包括一个单位长度、二个单位长度、五个单位长度;
根据膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和选择一种厚度的刚性垫圈、或不同厚度规格的刚性垫圈的组合。
一种膨胀紧固连接组件,包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件;膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套;
在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面;
在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间,膨胀用锥面设置在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上;
在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;
还包括连接套,在连接套上设有孔,在连接套的孔的孔壁上设有环状的楔形抵挡槽;
每瓣膨胀件包括与被连接件的通孔和连接套的孔配合的膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上、与楔形抵挡槽配合的楔形抵挡部,径向凸设在膨胀件本体一端的外周上、对膨胀套轴向定位、对被连接件轴向抵挡的定位抵挡部,定位抵挡部到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离大于楔形抵挡部外周到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离;膨胀套上相应的楔形抵挡部周向分布形成断开的环状。
作为方案二十七的改进,还包括弹簧,在每瓣膨胀件的外周面上径向设有弹簧容置槽,两瓣以上的膨胀件通过弹簧合抱在一起组成膨胀套,弹簧完全容置在弹簧容置槽内;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面合抱在驱动锥面上;膨胀套上的定位抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状。
将驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内,再用弹簧将两瓣以上的膨胀件安装在一起组成膨胀套使其不分开,膨胀紧固连接组件在工厂就装配好,运输过程中也不会散开,使用时更方便、快速、简易。
作为方案二十七的改进,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动芯杆包括设有螺纹的小杆、与小端相连的由驱动锥面形成的第一驱动锥体、与第一驱动锥体大端相连的第一直光杆部;膨胀套未膨胀状态的驱动芯件容置空间与驱动芯杆的小杆、第一驱动锥体、第一直光杆部配合,驱动芯件容置空间还包括与驱动螺母配合的螺母容置槽;驱动螺母安装在螺母容置槽内,驱动芯杆的小杆伸入驱动螺母内与驱动螺母螺纹配合,驱动芯杆安装在膨胀套内。
旋转驱动芯杆时,膨胀套的定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套无轴线方向的运动,驱动芯杆使第一驱动锥体产生朝向或背离驱动螺母方向的轴向运动。驱动芯杆使第一驱动锥体产生朝向驱动螺母方向的轴向运动,驱动芯杆的第一驱动锥体与膨胀套的膨胀用锥面相对滑动,膨胀套膨胀。
此种结构与整体的螺纹连接结构相比,其连接力是膨胀套的楔形抵挡部对连接套的轴向抵挡力和膨胀套的定位抵挡部对被连接件的轴向抵挡力。驱动芯杆并不是直接连接连接套和被连接件,仅用于驱动膨胀套膨胀。驱动芯杆受力小,故虽然驱动芯杆与驱动螺母之间是螺纹配合,也不易产生滑丝造成连接失效。
作为方案二十七的改进,还包括由驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体;
驱动芯杆还包括大端与第一直光杆部相连的连接锥体,与连接锥体小端相连的第二直光杆部,小端与第二直光杆部相连、由驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体,与第二驱动锥体大端相连的第三直光杆部,驱动芯件容置空间还与连接锥体、第二直光杆部、第二驱动锥体、部分第三直光杆部配合。
这种结构的膨胀紧固连接组件,驱动芯杆上的第一驱动锥体和第二驱动锥体都用于驱动膨胀套膨胀,由于复式驱动的膨胀方式,膨胀套膨胀更均衡,膨胀效果更好,从而使连接效果更好。
作为方案二十七的改进,驱动芯件为驱动芯杆,驱动芯杆包括光杆的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体、与驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部,设置在抵挡部端面上的芯件拔 出机构;未膨胀状态的驱动芯件容置空间包括与驱动芯杆的小杆、驱动锥体、部分直光杆部配合的第一容置空间;还包括对驱动芯杆抵挡部背离被连接件的面限位、使驱动芯杆保持膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变的限位机构。
实现连接时,直接将驱动芯杆敲入膨胀套内使膨胀套完全膨胀,抵挡部对驱动芯杆进入膨胀套的位置限位。限位机构确保在工作状态时,驱动芯杆保持在膨胀位置。需要拆卸时,先拆掉限位机构,用与螺纹部配合的工具将驱动芯杆直接拔出。这种结构的膨胀紧固连接组件,结构简单,成本低。
作为方案二十七的改进,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动螺母包括由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔;驱动芯杆包括设有与驱动螺母的螺纹孔配合的螺纹部的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,与驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,驱动芯件容置空间与驱动螺母、驱动芯杆的部分小端、驱动锥体、部分直光杆部、抵挡部配合;驱动芯杆的小杆与驱动螺母螺纹配合安装在一起,驱动螺母安装在驱动芯件容置空间内。
旋转驱动芯杆可以驱动驱动芯杆的驱动锥体和驱动螺母的驱动锥体均相对膨胀套相应的膨胀用锥面滑动从而实现驱动膨胀套膨胀。由于在膨胀套内设有两个锥度相反的膨胀用锥面,从而实现两个方向相对地复式驱动膨胀,这样膨胀套的膨胀过程更均衡,膨胀效果更好,从而使连接效果更好。
作为方案二十七的改进,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆;驱动芯杆包括驱动芯杆本体,凸设在驱动芯杆本体上用来驱动膨胀套膨胀和收缩的膨胀收缩用凸出部;用来驱动膨胀套膨胀的驱动锥面设置在凸出部的背离定位抵挡部的一侧,在凸出部的朝向定位抵挡部的一侧形成用来收缩膨胀套的收缩用锥形凹陷部,驱动芯杆上的驱动锥面与收缩用锥形凹陷部的锥度方向一致;驱动芯件容置空间包括与驱动芯杆的膨胀收缩用凸出部配合的膨胀收缩用容置槽,在膨胀收缩用容置槽朝向定位抵挡部的槽壁形成与驱动芯杆的驱动锥面配合的膨胀用锥面,在膨胀收缩用容置槽背离定位抵挡部的槽壁形成与驱动芯杆的收缩用锥形凹陷部配合的收缩用锥面。
设有相互配合的收缩用锥形凹陷部和收缩用锥面,在拆卸时,驱动芯杆的收缩用锥形凹陷部与膨胀套上的收缩用锥面配合,使膨胀套收拢,膨胀套上的楔形抵挡部完全脱离连接套上的楔形抵挡槽,拆卸更容易、更可靠,确保膨胀套在拆卸过程中不会损坏。
作为方案二十七的改进,在每瓣膨胀件上形成驱动芯件容置空间的相应位置设有凸条或凹陷部,在膨胀件的凸条或凹陷部上设有膨胀用锥面;在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀件上的凸条配合的凹陷部、或与每瓣膨胀件上的凹陷部配合的凸条,在驱动芯件的凸条或凹陷部上设有驱动锥面。
作为方案二十七的改进,驱动芯件包括芯杆、驱动螺母、驱动件;芯杆包括设有螺纹端的芯杆本体,径向凸设在芯杆本体上、远离螺纹端的芯杆抵挡部;驱动螺母包括螺母本体,轴向设置在螺母本体上的凸条,轴向贯穿螺母本体的螺纹孔,在驱动螺母的凸条上设有驱动锥面;驱动件包括驱动件本体,轴向设置在驱动件本体上的凸条,轴向贯穿驱动件本体的通孔,在驱动件的凸条上设有驱动锥面;在膨胀件上设有与驱动螺母上相应的凸条配合的第一凹陷部、和与驱动件上相应的凸条配合的第二凹陷部;芯杆的螺纹端穿过驱动件上的通孔,芯杆抵挡部轴向抵挡驱动件,芯杆的螺纹端与驱动螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连接;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,驱动芯件容置空间与连接在一起的驱动件本体及其上的凸条、芯杆本体、驱动螺母本体及其上的凸条配合。
旋转芯杆,驱动件的凸条上的驱动锥面可以相对膨胀套上第二凹陷部的膨胀用锥面滑动,从而驱动螺母的凸条上的驱动锥面相对膨胀套上第一凹陷部的膨胀用锥面滑动,使得膨胀套膨胀。在膨胀套内设有两个锥度相反的膨胀用锥面,从复式驱动膨胀套膨胀,膨胀更均衡,膨胀效果更好,从而使连接效果更好。驱动芯件包括芯杆、驱动螺母、驱动件,由于在芯杆上不设有驱动锥面,芯杆加工方便。驱动螺母和驱动件可以设计为除了中心的孔径不同外其余结构形式均相同的标准件,而芯杆可直接采用标准件螺栓形式,这样可以通过标准化的方式大大降低成本。
驱动芯件包括芯杆、驱动螺母、驱动件;芯杆包括设有螺作为方案二十七的改进,纹端的芯杆本体,径向凸设在芯杆本体上、远离螺纹端的芯杆抵挡部;驱动螺母包括螺母本 体,轴向贯穿螺母本体的螺纹孔,在驱动螺母上设有驱动锥面;驱动件包括驱动件本体,轴向贯穿驱动件本体的通孔,在驱动件上设有驱动锥面;芯杆的螺纹端穿过驱动件上的通孔,芯杆抵挡部轴向抵挡驱动件,芯杆的螺纹端与驱动螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连接;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,驱动芯件容置空间与连接在一起的驱动件、芯杆本体、驱动螺母配合。
作为方案二十七的改进,定位抵挡部为锥形,在被连接件上设有完全容置定位抵挡部的锥形容置孔。
这种结构的膨胀紧固连接组件,一方面膨胀紧固连接组件不会凸出被连接件,更美观,另一方面能消除轴向间隙。
本发明的有益效果是:
第一,在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,楔形抵挡部伸入连接套相应的楔形抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,被连接件朝向定位抵挡部的一侧由定位抵挡部轴向抵挡,被连接件朝向连接套的一侧由连接套轴向抵挡,膨胀套将连接套、两个以上的被连接件连接固定在一起。
本发明的膨胀紧固连接结构确保其承力结构是面与面之间的抵挡结构,膨胀紧固连接组件与被连接件的连接力,主要是轴向一体式的膨胀件一侧通过膨胀件的定位抵挡部对被连接件的轴向抵挡、另一侧通过膨胀套上的楔形抵挡部伸入连接套内的楔形抵挡槽内形成卡合后的连接套对被连接件的轴向抵挡,而不是依靠螺纹连接的预紧静摩擦力或膨胀螺丝的胀紧静摩擦力。
这种膨胀紧固连接结构可以承受的连接力非常大。膨胀套与连接套、两个以上的被连接件之间轴向无预紧力,相对于螺纹连接,膨胀套无需承受预紧载荷,因此能在载荷大特别是轴向载荷大、振动大、高温等环境下均不会引起连接失效,还可避免因操作不规范使预紧力过大或过小引起的螺纹连接的失效。
相对于使用螺钉、螺栓结构的机械静联接是依靠预紧与被连接件产生静摩擦力连接具有更大的优点,,能完全克服因载荷过大、疲劳破坏、高温下的蠕变、微动磨损等引起的几种常见的连接失效形式。
相对于使用膨胀螺钉或膨胀螺栓仅依靠膨胀后对被连接件壁孔内壁产生较大的径向静态挤压力、径向挤压力产生的静摩擦力连接具有更大的优点,在载荷较大或有震动的场合,不会因微量滑动摩擦导致连接失效。
本发明彻底打破了现有的螺纹连接的螺钉或螺栓机械静联接依靠预紧产生的静摩擦力、膨胀螺钉或膨胀螺栓的机械静联接依靠膨胀产生的胀紧静摩擦力或依靠膨胀套变形产生的抵挡力来连接物体的惯性思维。
第二,膨胀套的楔形抵挡部和连接套的楔形抵挡槽是事先加工出来的,楔形抵挡部楔形抵挡部不是依靠膨胀套膨胀变形形成的。膨胀套设计成两瓣(其中膨胀套为三瓣的效果最好)以上,在膨胀过程中膨胀套不会变形。原因在于:楔形抵挡部的个数和形状可以根据受力情况自由设计,同时连接套上的楔形抵挡槽的位置也根据膨胀套的结构和被连接件的厚度来事先设计,因此能根据需要承受很大的外力且连接很可靠;其二,在膨胀套未膨胀状态、将膨胀紧固连接组件放入两个以上的被连接件、连接套内,膨胀套的定位抵挡部径向凸出被连接件上的孔由被连接件抵挡定位,因此膨胀套轴向完全定位,膨胀套上的楔形抵挡部与连接套上相应的楔形抵挡槽正对,这样在膨胀套膨胀过程中,膨胀套径向方向运动,楔形抵挡部能准确无误地进入楔形抵挡槽,安装时非常方便、容易,不需要特别操作技巧,大大降低操作人员的操作要求;而且楔形抵挡部能与楔形抵挡槽精确配合,且楔形抵挡部与楔形抵挡槽相互贴合的配合部为面配合,因此能大大减少应力集中;其三,使用范围广,不需要被连接件的材料硬度要远低于膨胀套的材料硬度,也不需要膨胀套与被连接件间需要较大的摩擦系数,完全可替代螺钉或螺栓使用,能用于飞机、船舶、设备、航空航天设备、航母、飞船、火箭、发动机、核反应设备、火车、高铁、铁轨、钢结构建筑、钢结构桥梁、汽车等等的受到很大的载荷特别是轴向载荷、或很高的温度或冷热交叉变化温度、或很大的振动等工作环境下的关键部位的机械零件的连接。现有的膨胀套为一个整体式的膨胀螺栓或膨胀螺钉,如专利号为201210245807.2的发明专利中公开的一种在建筑物上开制壁孔固定物件的方法及该方法所使用的膨胀螺栓、专用镗具,先用专用镗具在盲孔的底部镗出直径大于盲孔直径的扩孔并形成台阶面,在膨胀的过程中,驱动芯杆尾部逐渐挤压膨胀套尾部的瓣片使其逐渐向外弯曲,最后形成勾抵于上述台阶面的翻边,这 种结构的膨胀螺栓,由于与扩孔配合翻边是变形生成的,具体怎么变形是无法精确计算的,因此无法事先在被连接件内加工与变形后的翻边配合的扩孔形状,存在变形后的翻边与扩孔配合的抵挡部为线配合的致命缺陷,而且膨胀套无法实现高强度的热处理加硬、无法实现在被连接件上设计一个与膨胀套胀尾部开后的翻边精密配合、抵挡部为面配合的扩孔,阻断了本领域的技术人员从该专利所公开的技术方案实现本专利所要求保护的技术方案的技术启示。对于现有的膨胀套为几瓣结构的膨胀螺栓或膨胀螺钉,如专利号为201220208899.2的实用新型专利公开的一种膨胀螺钉,两个半外套无轴向定位地安装在被连接件内,在膨胀过程中两个半外套在被连接件内有轴向方向的运动,因此即使在两个半外套上加工楔形抵挡部,也无法实现在被连接件内实现加工与之精密配合的楔形抵挡槽,阻断了本领域的技术人员从该专利所公开的技术方案实现本专利所要求保护的技术方案的技术启示。
三是膨胀套与连接套不会滑丝松动(不会反转松脱)连接套不会因为螺纹滑丝损坏,楔形抵挡部和楔形抵挡槽在工作过程中损坏和脱离卡合的几率几乎为零,因此通过膨胀紧固连接组件连接两个以上的被连接件非常可靠;而驱动芯件只是起到驱动膨胀套膨胀的作用,不是通过与驱动芯件螺纹配合的紧固连接件将一个以上的被连接件抵挡固定在另一个被连接件上,在膨胀套完全膨胀状态驱动芯件的受力非常小,即使驱动芯件使用螺纹连接也几乎不可能引起螺纹连接的失效,因此在膨胀套完全膨胀状态驱动芯件与膨胀套的固定也非常可靠,而且还很容易实现对驱动芯件永不脱落固定在膨胀套上,从而实现连接套、两个以上的被连接件在工作状态下的连接永不脱落。
四是由于在膨胀过程中膨胀套没有变形,膨胀套也没有嵌入到被连接件中去引起被连接件变形,膨胀套与被连接件几乎无径向连接力,在被连接件的通孔内不需要加工与膨胀套配合的槽或内螺纹,大大降低加工成本,在使用过程中不存在螺纹滑丝等损坏被连接件的现象;拆卸时,只需将驱动芯件脱离膨胀位置,不需要很大的力就可将膨胀紧固连接组件从被连接件中取出,拆卸时不会损坏膨胀紧固连接组件,也不会损坏被连接件,不但膨胀紧固连接组件可多次重复使用,而且被连接件也不会因与膨胀紧固连接组件连接的位置受到损坏需重新加工或报废。
五是可将连接套、驱动芯件、膨胀套加工成标准件,在被连接件的通孔内不需要加工与楔形抵挡部配合的槽或内螺纹,大大降低加工成本低,特别适用于与连接套接触的被连接件很薄无法加工楔形抵挡槽的情况,这种结构的膨胀紧固连接结构、做成标准件的连接套、驱动芯件、膨胀套类似现有的螺栓和螺母结构,在现有的能使用螺栓、螺母结构的场合,均可使用本发明的膨胀紧固连接组件代替。
第七,本发明中驱动锥面与膨胀用锥面的配合,只需要驱动锥面与膨胀用锥面的锥度相同就能实现驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀的功能,其曲率是可以不相同的。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的膨胀紧固连接结构、在膨胀套未膨胀状态的主视图。
图2是图1的A-A的剖视图。
图3是本发明实施例1带波形弹簧的膨胀紧固连接组件的立体示意图。
图4是本发明实施例1带止转螺母和波形弹簧的膨胀紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图5是本发明实施例1的膨胀紧固连接结构、在膨胀套完全膨胀状态的主视图。
图6是图5的B-B的剖视图。
图7是图5的I部放大示意图。
图8是本发明实施例2的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图9是本发明实施例4的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图10是本发明实施例4的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图11是本发明实施例4带卡簧和波形弹簧的膨胀紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图12是本发明实施例5的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图13是本发明实施例6的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的的主视图。
图14是本发明实施例7的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图15是本发明实施例8的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套完全膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图16是本发明实施例8带止转螺母和波形弹簧的膨胀紧固连接组件的立体示意图。
图17是本发明实施例9的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套完全膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图18是本发明实施例10的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图19是本发明实施例10的膨胀紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图20是本发明实施例11的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1至图4所示,一种膨胀紧固连接结构,包括膨胀紧固连接组件、被连接件1、被连接件2、止转螺母3、波形弹簧4。在被连接件1上设有圆通孔5,在被连接件2上设有圆通孔6。
如图3、图4所示,膨胀紧固连接组件包括圆环状的连接套7、驱动芯件、由三瓣结构相同的膨胀件8合抱组成的膨胀套9、弹簧10、弹簧11。在连接套7的圆通孔12的孔壁上设有三个独立环状的楔形抵挡槽13。
如图2、图4所示,膨胀件8包括与连接套7上的圆通孔12配合的外周面为弧状的膨胀件本体14,径向凸设在膨胀件本体14的外周上、与楔形抵挡槽13配合的楔形抵挡部15,径向凸设在膨胀件本体14一端的外周上、对膨胀套9轴向定位、对被连接件2轴向抵挡的定位抵挡部16,设在定位抵挡部16的外周面上的弹簧容置槽17,设置在膨胀件本体14远离定位抵挡部16一端的外周面上的弹簧容置槽18。膨胀件本体14的外径等于圆通孔12的孔径,定位抵挡部16外周到膨胀件本体14轴心的最大距离大于楔形抵挡部15外周到膨胀件本体14轴心的最大距离。
如图6、图7所示,单个楔形抵挡部15包括设有由倒角形成的两个斜面的导向段19,与导向段19相连、设有两个垂直面的抵挡段20,连接抵挡段20和膨胀件本体14、设有由倒角形成的两个斜面的连接段21,抵挡段20与膨胀件8轴线垂直。单个楔形抵挡槽13包括与连接套7上的圆通孔12的孔壁相连的两导向斜面22,与两导向斜面22相连、与连接套7上的圆通孔12的轴线垂直的两垂直面23,连接两垂直面23的避空用两连接斜面24。
如图2、图4所示,三瓣膨胀件8组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套9,在膨胀套9内设有驱动芯件容置空间。膨胀套9上的定位抵挡部16周向分布形成一个在相邻两瓣膨胀件8结合位置断开的独立环状,楔形抵挡部15形成三个在相邻两瓣膨胀件8结合位置断开的独立环状。
如图2、图4所示,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆25,与驱动芯杆25配合的驱动螺母26。驱动螺母26包括驱动锥体27,与驱动锥体27大端相连的圆柱形直光杆部28,设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔30,设置在驱动锥体27和直光杆部28外周面上与膨胀套9的相邻两瓣膨胀件8的结合缝隙配合的止转凸筋29。驱动芯杆25包括设有与驱动螺母26的螺纹孔30配合的螺纹部的小杆31,与小杆31相连的驱动锥体32,与驱动锥体32大端相连的圆柱形的直光杆部33,与直光杆部33相连的螺纹部34,在螺纹部34的端面上设有内六角形孔35。直光杆部28的轴向长度大于驱动锥体27的轴向长度,直光杆部33的轴向长度与直光杆部28的轴向长度相等,驱动锥体32的轴向长度与驱动锥体27的轴向长度相等,从而实现同步相对方向驱动。
如图1、图2所示,在膨胀套9未膨胀状态,驱动芯件容置空间包括由合抱驱动螺母26的部分直光杆部28的圆柱形曲面37、大端与圆柱形曲面37相接且合抱驱动锥体27的膨胀用锥面38、与膨胀用锥面38小端相接且合抱驱动芯杆25的部分小杆31的圆柱形曲面39、与圆柱形曲面39相接且合抱驱动芯杆25的驱动锥体32的膨胀用锥面40、与膨胀 用锥面40大端相接且合抱直光杆部33和部分螺纹部34的圆柱形曲面41。膨胀套9上的所有圆柱形曲面和膨胀用锥面在相邻两膨胀件8结合位置断开。直光杆部28的直径等于圆柱形曲面39的直径,直光杆部33的直径等于圆柱形曲面39的直径。
在膨胀套9未膨胀状态,驱动螺母26的螺纹孔30螺纹连接在驱动芯杆25的小杆31的螺纹部上,驱动螺母26的驱动锥体27小端到驱动芯杆25的驱动锥体32的小端之间的轴线距离等于圆柱形曲面39的轴向长度。将三瓣膨胀件8合抱在驱动螺母26和驱动芯杆25上,驱动螺母26的止转凸筋29安装在相邻两瓣膨胀件8的结合缝隙内,并通过膨胀用锥面38合抱在驱动锥体27上定位膨胀件8与驱动螺母26、膨胀用锥面40合抱在驱动锥体32上定位膨胀件8与驱动芯杆25。三瓣膨胀件8通过弹簧10、弹簧11与驱动螺母26、驱动芯杆25不可自动分开地合抱在一起完成膨胀紧固连接组件的连接。弹簧10完全容置在弹簧容置槽17内,弹簧11完全容置在弹簧容置槽18内。波形弹簧4的外径大于圆通孔6的外径,这样在膨胀套9未膨胀时,波形弹簧4被抵挡在定位抵挡部16和被连接件2之间。将波形弹簧4套在膨胀套9的膨胀件本体14上。膨胀套9设有楔形抵挡部15的一端依次穿过被连接件2上的圆通孔6、被连接件1上的圆通孔5伸入连接套7上的圆通孔12内,膨胀件本体14安装在连接套7上的圆通孔12、被连接件1上的圆通孔5和被连接件2上的圆通孔6内,膨胀套9的定位抵挡部16径向凸出被连接件2上的圆通孔6、并通过波形弹簧4由被连接件2轴向抵挡定位,楔形抵挡部15与相应的楔形抵挡槽13正对。
如图5至图7所示,在膨胀套9完全膨胀状态,楔形抵挡部15伸入相应的楔形抵挡槽13内通过抵挡段20与垂直面23相互抵挡形成卡合,导向段19与避空用连接面24间隙配合,连接段21与两导向斜面22间隙配合。被连接件2被膨胀套9的定位抵挡部16轴向抵挡,被连接件1被连接套7轴向抵挡,膨胀套9将被连接件2、被连接件1、连接套7连接固定在一起。由于直光杆部28的直径等于圆柱形曲面39的直径,直光杆部33的直径等于圆柱形曲面39的直径,圆柱形曲面39与直光杆部28通过面与面接触抵靠在一起,圆柱形曲面39与直光杆部33通过面与面接触抵靠在一起。波形弹簧4用来消除膨胀连接紧固连接结构的轴向间隙。膨胀套9上相应的膨胀件本体14的外周面分布在同一圆周面上,与连接套7上圆通孔12的孔壁通过面与面接触紧配合。在驱动螺母26和驱动芯杆25已完全安装到位的状态,驱动螺母26的直光杆部28已越过膨胀用锥面38的小端一段设定距离与圆柱形曲面39配合;驱动芯杆25的直光杆部33已越过膨胀用锥面40的小端一段设定距离与圆柱形曲面39配合。止转螺母3螺纹连接在螺纹部34上,并与定位抵挡部16抵靠在一起,防止驱动芯杆25反转,确保驱动芯杆25保持在膨胀套9完全膨胀的位置不变。止转螺母3和螺纹部34配合构成限位机构。
如图2、图4、图6所示,一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,连接方法包括以下步骤:
将驱动螺母26的螺纹孔30螺纹连接在驱动芯杆25的小杆31上,驱动螺母26的驱动锥体27小端到驱动芯杆25的驱动锥体32的小端之间的轴线距离等于圆柱形曲面39的轴向长度;
将三瓣膨胀件8合抱在驱动螺母26和驱动芯杆25上,驱动螺母26的止转凸筋29伸入相邻两瓣膨胀件8的结合缝隙内,并通过膨胀用锥面38合抱在驱动锥体27上定位膨胀件8与驱动螺母26、膨胀用锥面40合抱在驱动锥体32上定位膨胀件8与驱动芯杆25;
通过弹簧10安装在弹簧容置槽17内、弹簧11安装在弹簧容置槽18内将三瓣膨胀件8与驱动螺母26、驱动芯杆25不可自动分开地合抱在一起完成膨胀紧固连接组件的连接;
将波形弹簧4套在膨胀套9的膨胀件本体14上;
将膨胀套9设有楔形抵挡部15的一端依次穿过被连接件2上的圆通孔6、被连接件1上的圆通孔5,膨胀套9的楔形抵挡部15轴向凸出被连接件1,将连接套7从膨胀套9设有楔形抵挡部15的一端套在膨胀套9上;
向膨胀套9的定位抵挡部16和连接套7施加相对方向的轴向力,连接套7、被连接件1、被连接件2、波形弹簧4、定位抵挡部16依次相互抵靠在一起,膨胀套9通过定位抵挡部16由被连接件2轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套9上的楔形抵挡部15与连接套7上相应的楔形抵挡槽13正对;
旋转驱动芯杆25,驱动螺母26通过与驱动芯杆25螺纹配合同步相对运动,通过驱动螺母26的驱动锥体27在膨胀用锥面38上滑动、驱动芯杆25的驱动锥体32在膨胀用锥面40上滑动驱动膨胀套9膨胀,每瓣膨胀件8径向运动,楔形抵挡部15伸入连接套7的相 应的楔形抵挡槽13内通过抵挡段20与垂直面23面配合相互抵挡形成卡合;
膨胀套9完全膨胀后,膨胀套9不再径向方向运动并保持完全膨胀状态不变,继续旋转驱动芯杆25,驱动螺母26和驱动芯杆25继续相对膨胀套9轴线方向运动,驱动螺母26的直光杆部28越过膨胀用锥面38的小端、驱动芯杆25的直光杆部33的越过膨胀用锥面40小端,直至驱动螺母26和驱动芯杆25已完全安装到位,停止旋转驱动芯杆25,驱动芯件停止驱动;
被连接件2被膨胀套9的定位抵挡部16轴向抵挡,被连接件1被连接套7轴向抵挡,膨胀套9将被连接件2、被连接件1、连接套7连接固定在一起;
将止转螺母3螺纹连接在螺纹部34上。
若要拆卸时,先将止转螺母3与螺纹部34分离,再反向旋转驱动芯杆25即可。
实施例2
如图8所示,与实施例1不同的是,驱动芯件为驱动芯杆61,驱动芯杆61包括光杆的小杆62、与小杆62相连的驱动锥体63、与驱动锥体63大端相连的直光杆部64,与直光杆部64相连且径向凸出直光杆部64的抵挡部65,凸设在抵挡部65的端面上的芯件拔出螺杆66。在膨胀套82未膨胀状态,驱动芯件容置空间包括由合抱小杆62的圆柱形曲面67、小端与圆柱形曲面67相接且合抱驱动锥体63的膨胀用锥面68、与膨胀用锥面68大端相接且合抱部分直光杆部64的圆柱形曲面69形成的第一容置空间,及用来容置抵挡部65的第二容置空间70,在膨胀套82完全膨胀状态(未示出),抵挡部65完全容置在第二容置空间70内。
膨胀紧固连接组件还包括对驱动芯杆61抵挡部65背离连接套78的面限位、使驱动芯杆61保持在膨胀套82完全膨胀的位置不变的限位机构。限位机构包括卡簧72和卡槽73。卡簧72为断开的圆环。卡槽73设置在第二容置空间70的壁上、与卡簧72配合。
在膨胀套82未膨胀状态,驱动芯杆61的部分直光杆部64、抵挡部65、芯件拔出螺杆66凸出膨胀套82的定位抵挡部83。直光杆部64的直径与圆柱形曲面67的直径相等,在膨胀套82完全膨胀状态,直光杆部64与圆柱形曲面67的壁通过面与面配合抵靠在一起,抵挡部65被第二容置空间70的底面抵挡。在将卡簧72安装在卡槽73内,卡簧72对抵挡部65限位。
连接方法包括:
将三瓣膨胀件84合抱在驱动芯杆61上,并通过膨胀用锥面68合抱在驱动锥体63上定位膨胀件84与驱动芯杆61;
通过弹簧74、弹簧71将三瓣膨胀件84与驱动芯杆61不会自动分开地安装在一起;
将波形弹簧85套在膨胀套82的膨胀件本体75上;
将膨胀套82设有楔形抵挡部80的一端依次穿过被连接件76上的圆通孔77、被连接件86上的圆通孔87,膨胀套82的楔形抵挡部80轴向凸出被连接件86,将连接套78从膨胀套82设有楔形抵挡部80的一端套在膨胀套82上;
向膨胀套82的定位抵挡部83和连接套78施加相对方向的轴向力,连接套78、被连接件86、被连接件76、波形弹簧85、定位抵挡部83依次相互抵靠在一起,膨胀套82通过定位抵挡部83由被连接件76轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套82上的楔形抵挡部80与连接套78上相应的楔形抵挡槽81正对;
锤击或按压驱动芯杆61,驱动芯杆61相对膨胀套82轴向运动,通过驱动锥体63在膨胀用锥面68上滑动驱动膨胀套82膨胀,每瓣膨胀件84径向运动,楔形抵挡部80伸入连接套78的相应的楔形抵挡槽81内通过面与面配合相互抵挡形成卡合;
膨胀套82完全膨胀后,膨胀套82不再径向方向运动并保持完全膨胀状态不变,驱动芯杆61继续相对膨胀套82轴线方向运动,直光杆部64越过膨胀用锥面68的小杆62直至抵挡部65被第二容置空间70的底面抵挡,驱动芯杆61停止驱动;
被连接件76被膨胀套82的定位抵挡部83轴向抵挡,被连接件86被连接套78轴向抵挡,膨胀套82将被连接件76、被连接件86、连接套78连接固定在一起;
将卡簧72安装在卡槽73内。
若要拆卸时,先将卡簧72从卡槽73内拆出来,再用与芯件拔出螺杆66配合的工具将驱动芯杆61背离连接套78方向拔出一段距离,膨胀套82就可从连接套78和被连接件76拆离。
实施例3
如图9所示,与实施例1不同的是,驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆141,与驱动芯杆141配合的驱动螺母142。驱动芯杆141包括设有螺纹的小杆143、与小杆143相连的用来驱动膨胀套144膨胀的第一驱动锥体145、与第一驱动锥体145大端相连的圆柱形第一直光杆部146,大端与第一直光杆部146相连的连接锥体147,与连接锥体147小端相连的圆柱形第二直光杆部148,小端与第二直光杆部148相连用来驱动膨胀套144膨胀的第二驱动锥体149,与第二驱动锥体149大端相连的圆柱形第三直光杆部150,设置在第三直光杆部150的端面轴向位置、在安装膨胀紧固连接组件和拆卸膨胀紧固连接组件时与扳手配合的六角形通孔151,和设置在第三直光杆部150的端面上,并贯穿第三直光杆部150周面的六个均匀分布的止转槽152。驱动螺母142包括圆柱形的驱动螺母本体153,设置在驱动螺母本体153的端面、与膨胀套144的相邻两瓣膨胀件164的结合缝隙配合的止转凸部154,设置在驱动螺母142的轴心的螺纹孔155。第一直光杆部146的轴向长度大于第一驱动锥体145的轴向长度设定距离,第三直光杆部150的轴向长度大于第一直光杆部146的轴向长度,第二驱动锥体149的轴向长度与第一驱动锥体145的轴向长度相等。
未膨胀的膨胀套144内的驱动芯件容置空间包括合抱驱动芯杆141的小杆143的一部分的圆柱形曲面156、合抱第一驱动锥体145的第一膨胀用锥面157、合抱第一直光杆部146的圆柱形曲面158、合抱连接锥体147的连接锥面159、合抱第二直光杆部148的圆柱形曲面160、合抱第二驱动锥体149的第二膨胀用锥面161、合抱部分第三直光杆部150的圆柱形曲面162,设置在圆柱形曲面156的壁上、与驱动螺母142配合的驱动螺母容置槽163。
驱动芯杆141的小杆143伸入驱动螺母142的螺纹孔155内与驱动螺母142螺纹配合,驱动螺母142的端面到第一驱动锥体145的小杆143的轴线距离大于驱动螺母容置槽163到第一膨胀用锥面157小杆143的轴线距离。膨胀件164合抱在驱动芯杆141和驱动螺母142外,驱动螺母142安装在驱动螺母容置槽163内,驱动螺母142的止转凸部154伸入相邻两瓣膨胀件164的结合缝内。
连接方法与实施例1不同的是:
将驱动螺母142的螺纹孔155螺纹连接在驱动芯杆141的小杆143上,驱动螺母142的端面到第一驱动锥体145的小杆143的轴线距离大于驱动螺母容置槽163到第一膨胀用锥面157小杆143的轴线距离;
将三瓣膨胀件164合抱在驱动螺母142和驱动芯杆141上,通过驱动螺母142安装在螺母容置槽163内、驱动螺母142的止转凸部154伸入相邻两瓣膨胀件164的结合缝隙内使膨胀件164与驱动螺母142、驱动芯杆141完全定位;
直至驱动芯杆141的第三直光杆部150的端面越过膨胀套144的卡槽165,驱动螺母142和驱动芯杆141已完全安装到位,停止旋转驱动芯杆141,驱动芯件停止驱动。
实施例4
如图10、图11所示,与实施例1不同的是,驱动芯杆包括驱动芯杆本体191,凸设在驱动芯杆本体191外周上的抵挡部192和两个结构完全相同的膨胀收缩用凸出部193,设置在驱动芯杆本体191远离抵挡部192的一端与驱动螺母194配合的螺纹部195,设置在抵挡部192的端面上、在安装膨胀紧固连接组件和拆卸膨胀紧固连接组件时与扳手配合的六角形通孔196和设置在抵挡部192的端面上、并贯穿抵挡部192周面的六个均匀分布的止转槽197。
膨胀收缩用凸出部193用来膨胀和收缩膨胀套198。膨胀收缩用凸出部193包括设置在背离抵挡部192的一侧、用来驱动膨胀套198膨胀的驱动锥体199,设置在朝向抵挡部192的一侧、形成用来收缩膨胀套198的收缩用锥形凹陷部200,连接驱动锥体199和收缩用锥形凹陷部200的圆柱形光杆部201,驱动锥体199与收缩用锥形凹陷部200的锥度方向一致。
驱动芯件容置空间包括由合抱驱动芯杆本体191的圆柱形曲面202形成的第一容置空间,及用来容置抵挡部192的第二容置空间203。在膨胀套198完全膨胀状态(未示出),第二容置空间203与抵挡部192配合,并完全容置抵挡部192。在圆柱形曲面202的壁上设有与驱动螺母194配合的螺母容置槽204、分别与两个膨胀收缩用凸出部193配合的两个膨胀收缩用容置槽205。膨胀收缩用容置槽205背离抵挡部192的槽壁形成用来驱动膨 胀套198膨胀、与驱动芯杆的驱动锥体199配合的膨胀用锥面206,膨胀收缩用容置槽205朝向抵挡部192的槽壁形成用来收缩膨胀套198、与驱动芯杆的收缩用锥形凹陷部200配合的收缩用锥面208,及连接膨胀用锥面206与收缩用锥面208、与光杆部201配合的圆柱形曲面209。
实施例5
如图12所示,与实施例1不同的是,单个第一楔形抵挡部251在经过轴线的截面上的形状为梯形;第一楔形抵挡槽252在经过轴线的截面上的形状为与第一楔形抵挡部251配合的梯形;在膨胀套253完全膨胀状态(未示出完全膨胀状态),第一楔形抵挡部251与第一楔形抵挡槽252通过梯形的两个斜面面接触。
实施例6
如图13所示,与实施例4不同的是,膨胀件300上的单个楔形抵挡部301在经过轴线的截面上的形状为半圆弧形;连接套302的圆通孔303的孔壁上的楔形抵挡槽304在经过轴线的截面上的形状为与楔形抵挡部301配合的半圆弧形。在膨胀套305完全膨胀状态(未示出完全膨胀状态)楔形抵挡部301与楔形抵挡槽304通过两个半圆弧形弧面接触。
实施例7
如图14所示,与实施例1不同的是,膨胀套321上的部分楔形抵挡部322与连接套323的圆通孔324的孔壁上的部分楔形抵挡槽325配合,部分楔形抵挡部322置于被连接件326的圆通孔327和被连接件328的圆通孔329内。波形弹簧330安装在连接套323和被连接件326之间。当膨胀紧固连接组件为标准件时,同一种膨胀套的规格,可适合多种厚度的被连接件。
实施例8
如图15、图16所示,膨胀紧固连接结构与实施例1不同的是,膨胀套350由两瓣膨胀件351合抱而成。在驱动螺母355上设有抵挡部356。
膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽357。盖帽357包括内腔358,在内腔358的底面凸设有卡扣359;在驱动螺母355的抵挡部356的外周上设有与卡扣359配合的抵挡槽360。
在膨胀套350完全膨胀状态,驱动螺母355的抵挡部356抵挡在膨胀套350远离定位抵挡部353的端面上,盖帽357通过卡扣359扣合在抵挡槽360上与驱动螺母355安装在一起,凸出连接套361的驱动芯杆362的部分小杆365、驱动螺母355的抵挡部356完全容置在盖帽357的内腔358内。
连接方法与实施例1不同的是,在膨胀套350完全膨胀后,当驱动螺母355的抵挡部356被膨胀套350的端面抵挡,驱动螺母355和驱动芯杆362已完全安装到位,驱动芯杆362停止旋转;再将止转螺母363螺纹连接在止转螺纹部364上,止转螺母363抵靠膨胀套350的定位抵挡部353。将盖帽357的卡扣359扣在驱动螺母355的抵挡槽360内。
若要拆卸时,先将止转螺母363与驱动芯杆362的止转螺纹部364分离,盖帽357与驱动螺母355分离,再反向旋转驱动芯杆362即可。
实施例9
如图17所示,膨胀紧固连接结构与实施例11不同的是,膨胀紧固连接组件包括盖帽380、盖帽381。盖帽380包括内腔382,在内腔382的底面设有凸柱383,在凸柱383上设有螺纹孔384,在驱动芯杆385上设有凸出膨胀套390的螺纹部386。盖帽381包括内腔387,在内腔387的底面设有凸柱388,在凸柱388上设有螺纹孔389,在驱动芯杆385上设有凸出膨胀套390的螺纹部391,该螺纹部391还用来连接止转螺母392。在膨胀套390完全膨胀状态,盖帽380的螺纹孔384螺纹连接在驱动芯杆385的螺纹部386上,凸出连接套393的驱动螺母394的抵挡部395、部分螺纹部386容置在盖帽380的内腔382内。在膨胀套390完全膨胀状态,盖帽381的螺纹孔389螺纹连接在驱动芯杆385的螺纹部391上,凸出被连接件396的波形弹簧397、膨胀套390的定位抵挡部398、部分螺纹部391、止转螺母392容置在盖帽381的内腔387内。
连接方法与实施例11不同的是,将盖帽380螺纹连接在螺纹部386上;将止转螺母392螺纹连接在螺纹部391上,再将盖帽381螺纹连接在螺纹部391上。
若要拆卸时,盖帽380与驱动芯杆385的螺纹部386分离;将盖帽381与驱动芯杆385的螺纹部391分离,再将止转螺母392与驱动芯杆385的螺纹部391分离;最后反向旋转驱动芯杆385即可。
实施例10
如图18、图19所示,膨胀紧固连接结构与实施例1不同的是,驱动芯件包括芯杆420、驱动螺母421、驱动件422。
芯杆420为内六角头螺钉,芯杆本体423为螺钉杆,芯杆抵挡部424为螺钉头。
驱动螺母421包括驱动锥体425,与驱动锥体425小端相连的圆柱形直光杆部426,与驱动锥体425大端相连的圆柱形直光杆部427,与直光杆部427相连、径向凸出直光杆部426的圆柱形的抵挡部428,设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔429,与驱动锥体425、圆柱形直光杆部426外周面贯通、槽底与圆柱形直光杆部426共柱面的三个凹陷部430。
驱动件422包括驱动锥体431,与驱动锥体431大端相连的圆柱形直光杆部432,与直光杆部432相连、径向凸出直光杆部432的圆柱形的抵挡部433,设置在轴心位置的通孔434,与驱动锥体431、圆柱形直光杆部432外周面贯通、槽底与凹陷部430的槽底共柱面的三个凹陷部435。
在膨胀件436上设有与驱动螺母421上相应的凹陷部430配合的第一凸条437、和与驱动件422上相应的凹陷部435配合的第二凸条438。第一凸条437和第二凸条438两侧面共面,连通为一个整体。
在膨胀套439未膨胀状态,驱动芯件容置空间包括第一容置空间和第二容置空间。第一容置空间包括合抱驱动螺母421的部分直光杆部427的圆柱形曲面440、大端与圆柱形曲面440相接且合抱驱动锥体425的膨胀用锥面441、与膨胀用锥面441小端相接且合抱驱动螺母421的直光杆部426的圆柱形曲面442、小端与圆柱形曲面442相接且合抱驱动件422的驱动锥体431的膨胀用锥面443,与膨胀用锥面443大端相接、且合抱驱动件422的直光杆部432的圆柱形曲面444。第二容置空间包括与圆柱形曲面440连通的用来容置驱动螺母421的抵挡部428的沉孔形凹陷部445,与圆柱形曲面444连通的用来容置驱动件422的抵挡部433的沉孔形凹陷部446。在膨胀套439完全膨胀状态,抵挡部428完全容置在沉孔形凹陷部445内,抵挡部433完全容置在沉孔形凹陷部446内。
芯杆420设有楔形抵挡部456的一端穿过驱动件422的通孔434与驱动螺母421的螺纹孔429螺纹连接。在驱动件422的抵挡部433抵靠芯杆抵挡部424的状态,驱动螺母421的驱动锥体425小端到驱动件422的驱动锥体431的小端之间的轴线距离稍小于圆柱形曲面442的轴向长度。三瓣膨胀件436合抱在驱动螺母421和驱动件422上。膨胀件436的第一凸条437安装在驱动螺母421的相应的凹陷部430内,通过膨胀用锥面441抵靠在驱动锥体425上定位膨胀件436与驱动螺母421。膨胀件436的第二凸条438安装在驱动件422的相应的凹陷部435内,通过膨胀用锥面443抵靠在驱动锥体431上定位膨胀件436与驱动件422。三瓣膨胀件436通过弹簧447、弹簧448与驱动螺母421、驱动件422、芯杆420不可自动分开地合抱在一起。
在膨胀套439完全膨胀状态,且在驱动螺母421、驱动件422、芯杆420已完全安装到位的状态,驱动螺母421的抵挡部428被沉孔形凹陷部445的底面抵挡,驱动件422的抵挡部433被沉孔形凹陷部446的底面抵挡。
一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,连接方法包括以下步骤:
将芯杆420的芯杆本体423穿过驱动件422的通孔434与驱动螺母421的螺纹孔429螺纹连接,在驱动件422的抵挡部433抵靠芯杆抵挡部424的状态,驱动螺母421的驱动锥体425小端到驱动件422的驱动锥体431的小端之间的轴线距离稍小于圆柱形曲面442的轴向长度;
将三瓣膨胀件436合抱在驱动螺母421和驱动件422上,膨胀件436的第一凸条437伸入驱动螺母421的相应的凹陷部430内,膨胀件436的第二凸条438伸入驱动件422的相应的凹陷部435内,并通过膨胀用锥面441抵靠在驱动锥体425上定位膨胀件436与驱动螺母421、膨胀用锥面443抵靠在驱动锥体431上定位膨胀件436与驱动件422;
通过弹簧447、弹簧448将三瓣膨胀件436与驱动螺母421、驱动件422、芯杆420不可自动分开地合抱在一起完成膨胀紧固连接组件的连接;
以上步骤一般在工厂完成;
将波形弹簧449套在膨胀套439的膨胀件本体450上;
将膨胀套439设有楔形抵挡部456的一端依次穿过被连接件451上的圆通孔452、被连接件458上的圆通孔459,楔形抵挡部456轴向凸出被连接件458,将连接套453从膨胀套439设有楔形抵挡部456的一端套在膨胀套439上;
向膨胀套439的定位抵挡部455和连接套453施加相对方向的轴向力,连接套453、被连接件458、被连接件451、波形弹簧449、定位抵挡部455抵靠在一起,膨胀套439通过定位抵挡部455由被连接件451轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套439上的楔形抵挡部456与连接套453上相应的楔形抵挡槽457正对;
旋转芯杆420,驱动螺母421、驱动件422同步相对运动,通过驱动螺母421的驱动锥体425在膨胀用锥面441上滑动、驱动件422的驱动锥体431在膨胀用锥面443上滑动驱动膨胀套439膨胀,每瓣膨胀件436径向运动,楔形抵挡部456伸入连接套453的相应的楔形抵挡槽457内通过面与面配合相互抵挡形成卡合;
膨胀套439完全膨胀后,膨胀套439不再径向方向运动并保持完全膨胀状态不变,继续旋转芯杆420,驱动螺母421和芯杆420继续相对膨胀套439轴线方向运动,驱动螺母421的直光杆部427越过膨胀用锥面441的小端直至抵挡部428被沉孔形凹陷部445的底面抵挡、驱动件422的直光杆部432越过膨胀用锥面443的小端直至抵挡部433被沉孔形凹陷部446的底面抵挡,驱动螺母421、驱动件422、芯杆420已完全安装到位,停止旋转芯杆420,驱动芯件停止驱动;
被连接件458被连接套453轴向抵挡,被连接件451被膨胀套439的定位抵挡部455轴向抵挡,膨胀套439将连接套453、被连接件458、被连接件451连接固定在一起。
若要拆卸膨胀紧固连接组件,反向旋转芯杆420即可。
实施例11
如图20所示,与实施例1不同的是,膨胀套490的定位抵挡部491为锥形,在被连接件492上设有完全容置定位抵挡部491的锥形容置孔493,锥形容置孔493与被连接件492的圆通孔494连通,与定位抵挡部491配合。
单个楔形抵挡部495在经过轴线的截面上的形状为三角形;楔形抵挡槽496在经过轴线的截面上的形状为与楔形抵挡部495配合的三角形。在膨胀套490完全膨胀状态(未示出膨胀套完全膨胀状态),楔形抵挡部495与楔形抵挡槽496通过三角形的两个斜面配合。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种膨胀紧固连接结构,包括膨胀紧固连接组件、两个以上的被连接件;
    在被连接件上均设有通孔;
    所述膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件;所述膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套;
    在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面;
    在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间,所述膨胀用锥面设置在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上;
    在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;
    其特征在于:还包括连接套,在连接套上设有孔,在连接套的孔的孔壁上设有环状的楔形抵挡槽;
    所述每瓣膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上、与楔形抵挡槽配合的楔形抵挡部,径向凸设在膨胀件本体一端的外周上的定位抵挡部;膨胀套上相应的楔形抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状;
    驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内,膨胀套设有楔形抵挡部的一端穿过所有被连接件伸入连接套内,膨胀套的定位抵挡部径向凸出被连接件的通孔、并由被连接件抵挡定位;膨胀套的楔形抵挡部与连接套的相应的楔形抵挡槽正对,膨胀件本体与所有被连接件的通孔、连接套的孔配合;
    在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,楔形抵挡部伸入相应的楔形抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合,被连接件朝向定位抵挡部的一侧由定位抵挡部轴向抵挡,被连接件朝向连接套的一侧由连接套轴向抵挡,膨胀套将连接套、两个以上的被连接件连接固定在一起。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:在膨胀套完全膨胀的状态,所述的膨胀套上相应的膨胀件本体的外周面分布在同一圆周面上,与被连接件上圆孔的孔壁通过面与面接触紧配合或与被连接件上圆孔的孔壁均匀间隙配合。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:单个所述的楔形抵挡部包括导向段,与导向段相连的抵挡段,连接所述抵挡段和所述膨胀件本体的连接段,所述的抵挡段与所述膨胀件轴线垂直;单个所述的楔形抵挡槽包括与连接套上的孔的孔壁相连的两导向面,与两导向面相连、与连接套上的孔的轴线垂直的两垂直面,连接两垂直面的避空用连接面;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,导向段与避空用连接面间隙配合,抵挡段被垂直面抵挡,连接段与两导向面间隙配合。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:单个所述的楔形抵挡部在经过轴线的截面上的形状为尖角形或梯形或弧形;所述的楔形抵挡槽在经过轴线的截面上的形状为与楔形抵挡部配合的尖角形或梯形或弧形;楔形抵挡部与楔形抵挡槽通过尖角形两个斜面面接触或梯形的两个斜面面接触、或通过弧形面接触。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:还包括套在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上、消除轴向间隙的波形弹簧或弹性垫圈,波形弹簧或弹性垫圈安装在定位抵挡部与被连接件之间或安装在被连接件与连接套之间。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:还包括套在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上的刚性垫圈,刚性垫圈安装在定位抵挡部与被连接件之间、和/或连接套与被连接件之间,刚性垫圈的厚度与膨胀套的定位抵挡部和安装在膨胀套上的连接套相对面之间的轴向距离再减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和匹配。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:所述的刚性垫圈厚度的规格包括一个单位长度、二个单位长度、五个单位长度。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:所述的驱动芯件还包括与所述的驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部,所述的驱动芯件容置空间包括与所述膨胀用锥面小端相连的圆柱形曲面;与所述膨胀用锥面小端相连的圆柱形曲面的直径等于与所述的驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部的直径;所述直光杆部的轴向长度大于所述驱动锥面的轴向长度;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,与所述膨胀用锥面小端相连的圆柱形曲面通过面与面接触和与所述的驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部的外周面抵靠在一起,驱动芯件上的驱动锥面与膨胀套上相应的膨胀用锥面之间在轴线方向存在设定距离。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,在相邻两被连接件的连接位置,所述的直光杆部与膨胀套紧配合。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆;所述膨胀紧固连接组件还包括限位机构,限位机构为卡簧和卡槽,卡槽设置在膨 胀套内与卡簧配合;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,卡簧安装在卡槽内,卡簧对驱动芯杆背离被连接件的面限位、使驱动芯杆保持在膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆和与驱动芯杆螺纹连接的驱动螺母;所述膨胀紧固连接组件还包括限位机构,限位机构为止转螺纹部和止转螺母结构,止转螺纹部设置在驱动芯杆凸出膨胀套朝向的端部;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,止转螺母螺纹连接在止转螺纹部上,止转螺母抵挡膨胀套的端面、使驱动芯杆保持在膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:在每瓣膨胀件上形成所述的驱动芯件容置空间的相应位置设有凸条或凹陷部,在所述的膨胀件的凸条或凹陷部上设有所述的膨胀用锥面;在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀件上的凸条配合的凹陷部、或与每瓣膨胀件上的凹陷部配合的凸条,在所述的驱动芯件的凸条或凹陷部上设有所述的驱动锥面。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:所述的驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆或芯杆,在所述的驱动芯杆或芯杆上设有在膨胀套完全膨胀状态、被膨胀套轴向抵挡轴向抵挡在膨胀套上的限位凸部。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:所述的膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽;所述盖帽包括内腔,在内腔的底面凸设有卡扣;在膨胀套或驱动芯件上设有抵挡槽;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,盖帽通过卡扣扣合在抵挡槽上与膨胀套或驱动芯件安装在一起,凸出被连接件的膨胀套、或凸出被连接件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构,其特征在于:所述的膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽;所述盖帽包括内腔,在内腔的底面设有凸柱,在凸柱上设有螺纹孔;在驱动芯杆上设有凸出膨胀套的螺纹部;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,盖帽的螺纹孔螺纹连接在驱动芯杆上,凸出被连接件的膨胀套、或凸出被连接件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
  16. 一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法包括:
    提供一种膨胀紧固连接组件,所述膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件;所述膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套;
    提供一种连接套,在连接套上设有孔,在连接套的孔的孔壁上设有环状的楔形抵挡槽;提供需要进行联接的两个以上的被连接件,在被连接件上均设有通孔;
    所述每瓣膨胀件包括膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上、与楔形抵挡槽配合的楔形抵挡部,径向凸设在膨胀件本体一端的外周上的定位抵挡部;膨胀套上相应的楔形抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状;
    将驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内,将膨胀套设有楔形抵挡部的一端穿过全部被连接件的通孔,膨胀套的楔形抵挡部轴向凸出被连接件,膨胀套的定位抵挡部径向凸出被连接件的通孔、并由被连接抵挡定位;
    将连接套从膨胀套设有楔形抵挡部的一端套在膨胀套上;
    向膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套施加相对方向的轴向力,连接套、被连接件、膨胀套的定位抵挡部抵靠在一起,膨胀套通过定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套的楔形抵挡部与连接套的相应楔形抵挡槽正对;
    驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀,每瓣膨胀件径向运动,楔形抵挡部伸入相应的楔形抵挡槽内通过面与面相互抵挡形成卡合将连接套与膨胀套安装在一起,被连接件朝向定位抵挡部的一侧由定位抵挡部轴向抵挡,被连接件朝向连接套的一侧由连接套轴向抵挡,膨胀套将连接套、两个以上的被连接件连接固定在一起。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:膨胀套完全膨胀后,膨胀套不再径向方向运动并保持完全膨胀状态不变,驱动芯杆继续相对膨胀套轴线方向运动至设定位置。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面;
    在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间,所述膨胀用锥面设置在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上;
    在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;
    在驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀过程中,驱动锥面沿膨胀用锥面滑动,驱动每瓣膨胀件径向运动。
  19. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,在所述驱动芯杆上设有所述的驱动锥面;所述的驱动芯杆还包括与所述的驱动锥面大端相连的直光杆部,所述直光杆部的轴向长度大于所述驱动锥面的轴向长度;
    驱动芯件驱动膨胀套达到完全膨胀后,驱动芯件继续运动,驱动芯杆的直光杆部与驱动锥面大端相连的端部越过膨胀用锥面的小端继续运动至设定位置。
  20. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于:还包括对驱动芯杆抵挡部背离连接套的面限位、使驱动芯杆保持膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变的限位机构;驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀,膨胀套不再产生径向运动时膨胀套完全膨胀;在膨胀套完全膨胀状态,驱动芯件停止运动或继续运动运动至设定位置,再装上限位机构;限位机构对驱动芯杆背离连接套的面限位,使驱动芯杆保持膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变。
  21. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动芯杆包括设有螺纹的小杆、与小端相连的由所述驱动锥面形成的第一驱动锥体、与所述第一驱动锥体大端相连的第一直光杆部;所述的驱动芯件容置空间还包括与驱动螺母配合的螺母容置槽;驱动螺母安装在螺母容置槽内,驱动芯杆的小杆伸入驱动螺母内与驱动螺母螺纹配合,驱动芯杆安装在膨胀套内;
    膨胀套的定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,旋转驱动芯杆使第一驱动锥体朝向驱动螺母方向的轴向运动,驱动螺母无轴向方向运动,第一驱动锥体与膨胀套的膨胀用锥面相对滑动,膨胀套膨胀。
  22. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:所述膨胀紧固连接结构还包括对驱动芯杆抵挡部背离被连接件的面限位、使驱动芯杆保持膨胀套完全膨胀的位置不变的限位机构;
    所述膨胀紧固连接结构还包括弹簧,在每瓣膨胀件的外周面上径向设有弹簧容置槽;
    所述驱动芯件为驱动芯杆,驱动芯杆包括光杆的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由所述驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体、与所述驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部,设置在抵挡部端面上的芯件拔出机构;
    连接方法依次包括以下步骤:
    将膨胀件合抱在驱动芯杆上,并通过膨胀用锥面完全抵靠在驱动锥体上定位膨胀件与驱动芯杆;
    通过弹簧、弹簧将膨胀件与驱动芯杆不会自动分开地安装在一起;
    将膨胀套的膨胀件本体穿过被连接件上的圆通孔伸入被连接件上的圆盲孔内;
    向膨胀套施加朝向被连接件的轴向方向的力,使膨胀套上的楔形抵挡部与被连接件上相应的楔形抵挡槽正对;
    锤击或按压驱动芯杆,驱动芯杆驱动膨胀套膨胀;
    驱动芯杆的抵挡部被膨胀套抵挡,驱动芯杆安装到位。
  23. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与所述驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动螺母包括由所述的驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔;驱动芯杆包括设有与驱动螺母的螺纹孔配合的螺纹部的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由所述的驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,与所述驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部;所述驱动芯杆的小杆与驱动螺母螺纹配合安装在一起,所述驱动螺母安装在驱动芯件容置空间内;
    膨胀套的定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套无轴线方向的运动,通过驱动螺母与驱动芯杆螺纹配合,旋转驱动芯杆使得驱动螺母与驱动锥体同步相对运动,驱动锥体与膨胀套的膨胀用锥面相对滑动,膨胀套膨胀;驱动芯杆的抵挡部被膨胀套抵挡,驱动芯杆安装到位。
  24. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:所述驱动芯件包括芯杆、驱动螺母、驱动件;芯杆包括设有螺纹端的芯杆本体,径向凸设在芯杆本体上、远离螺纹端的芯杆抵挡部;所述驱动螺母包括螺母本体,在螺母本体上设有所述的驱动锥面;所述驱动件包括驱动件本体,轴向贯穿驱动件本体的通孔,在所述驱动件本体上设有所述的驱动锥面;
    芯杆的螺纹端穿过驱动件上的通孔,芯杆抵挡部轴向抵挡驱动件,芯杆的螺纹端与驱动 螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连接;
    膨胀套的定位抵挡部由被连接件轴向抵挡定位,膨胀套无轴线方向的运动,通过芯杆的螺纹端与驱动螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连配合,旋转芯杆使驱动螺母与驱动件同步相对运动,驱动件上的驱动锥面相对膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面滑动,膨胀套膨胀;驱动芯杆的抵挡部被膨胀套抵挡,驱动芯杆安装到位。
  25. 如权利要求16所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:还包括套在膨胀套的膨胀件本体上的刚性垫圈;
    提供刚性垫圈;
    根据需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和选择膨胀件,膨胀件的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离大于或等于需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和;
    膨胀件的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离大于需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和时,根据膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和选择刚性垫圈的厚度;
    将刚性垫圈安装在定位抵挡部与被连接件之间、和/或连接套与被连接件之间。
  26. 如权利要求24所述的一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法,其特征在于连接方法还包括:提供刚性垫圈的厚度的规格包括一个单位长度、二个单位长度、五个单位长度;
    根据膨胀套的定位抵挡部和连接套相对面之间的轴向距离减去需要连接的两个以上的被连接件的厚度之和选择一种厚度的刚性垫圈、或不同厚度规格的刚性垫圈的组合。
  27. 一种膨胀紧固连接组件,包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件;所述膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套;
    在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面;
    在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间,所述膨胀用锥面设置在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上;
    在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面;
    其特征在于:还包括连接套,在连接套上设有孔,在连接套的孔的孔壁上设有环状的楔形抵挡槽;
    所述每瓣膨胀件包括与被连接件的通孔和连接套的孔配合的膨胀件本体,径向凸设在膨胀件本体的外周上、与楔形抵挡槽配合的楔形抵挡部,径向凸设在膨胀件本体一端的外周上、对膨胀套轴向定位、对被连接件轴向抵挡的定位抵挡部,定位抵挡部到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离大于楔形抵挡部外周到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离;膨胀套上相应的楔形抵挡部周向分布形成断开的环状。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:还包括弹簧,在每瓣膨胀件的外周面上径向设有弹簧容置槽,两瓣以上的膨胀件通过弹簧合抱在一起组成所述膨胀套,弹簧完全容置在弹簧容置槽内;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,所述的膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面合抱在所述的驱动锥面上;膨胀套上的所述定位抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状。
  29. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动芯杆包括设有螺纹的小杆、与小端相连的由所述驱动锥面形成的第一驱动锥体、与所述第一驱动锥体大端相连的第一直光杆部;膨胀套未膨胀状态的所述驱动芯件容置空间与驱动芯杆的小杆、第一驱动锥体、第一直光杆部配合,所述的驱动芯件容置空间还包括与驱动螺母配合的螺母容置槽;驱动螺母安装在螺母容置槽内,驱动芯杆的小杆伸入驱动螺母内与驱动螺母螺纹配合,驱动芯杆安装在膨胀套内。
  30. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:还包括由所述驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体;
    所述驱动芯杆还包括大端与第一直光杆部相连的连接锥体,与所述连接锥体小端相连的第二直光杆部,小端与第二直光杆部相连、由所述驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体,与所述第二驱动锥体大端相连的第三直光杆部,所述驱动芯件容置空间还与所述连接锥体、第二直光杆部、第二驱动锥体、部分第三直光杆部配合。
  31. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件为驱动芯杆,驱动芯杆包括光杆的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由所述驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体、与所述驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部,设置在抵挡部端面上的芯件拔出机构;所述未膨胀状态的驱动芯件容置空间包括与驱动芯杆的小杆、驱动锥体、部分直光杆部配合的第一容置空间;还包括对驱动芯杆抵挡部背离被连接件的面限位、使驱动芯杆保持膨胀套完全膨胀的位 置不变的限位机构。
  32. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆,与所述驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母;驱动螺母包括由所述的驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔;驱动芯杆包括设有与驱动螺母的螺纹孔配合的螺纹部的小端,与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由所述的驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体,与所述驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部,与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,所述驱动芯件容置空间与驱动螺母、驱动芯杆的部分小端、驱动锥体、部分直光杆部、抵挡部配合;所述驱动芯杆的小杆与驱动螺母螺纹配合安装在一起,所述驱动螺母安装在驱动芯件容置空间内。
  33. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆;驱动芯杆包括驱动芯杆本体,凸设在驱动芯杆本体上用来驱动膨胀套膨胀和收缩的膨胀收缩用凸出部;用来驱动膨胀套膨胀的所述驱动锥面设置在所述凸出部的背离定位抵挡部的一侧,在所述凸出部的朝向定位抵挡部的一侧形成用来收缩膨胀套的收缩用锥形凹陷部,驱动芯杆上的驱动锥面与收缩用锥形凹陷部的锥度方向一致;所述驱动芯件容置空间包括与驱动芯杆的膨胀收缩用凸出部配合的膨胀收缩用容置槽,在膨胀收缩用容置槽朝向定位抵挡部的槽壁形成与驱动芯杆的驱动锥面配合的所述膨胀用锥面,在膨胀收缩用容置槽背离定位抵挡部的槽壁形成与驱动芯杆的收缩用锥形凹陷部配合的收缩用锥面。
  34. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件包括芯杆、驱动螺母、驱动件;芯杆包括设有螺纹端的芯杆本体,径向凸设在芯杆本体上、远离螺纹端的芯杆抵挡部;所述驱动螺母包括螺母本体,轴向设置在螺母本体上的凸条,轴向贯穿螺母本体的螺纹孔,在所述驱动螺母的凸条上设有所述的驱动锥面;所述驱动件包括驱动件本体,轴向设置在驱动件本体上的凸条,轴向贯穿驱动件本体的通孔,在所述驱动件的凸条上设有所述的驱动锥面;在膨胀件上设有与所述的驱动螺母上相应的凸条配合的第一凹陷部、和与所述的驱动件上相应的凸条配合的第二凹陷部;芯杆的螺纹端穿过驱动件上的通孔,芯杆抵挡部轴向抵挡驱动件,芯杆的螺纹端与驱动螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连接;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,所述驱动芯件容置空间与连接在一起的驱动件本体及其上的凸条、芯杆本体、驱动螺母本体及其上的凸条配合。
  35. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述驱动芯件包括芯杆、驱动螺母、驱动件;芯杆包括设有螺纹端的芯杆本体,径向凸设在芯杆本体上、远离螺纹端的芯杆抵挡部;所述驱动螺母包括螺母本体,轴向贯穿螺母本体的螺纹孔,在驱动螺母上设有所述的驱动锥面;所述驱动件包括驱动件本体,轴向贯穿驱动件本体的通孔,在所述的驱动件上设有所述的驱动锥面;芯杆的螺纹端穿过驱动件上的通孔,芯杆抵挡部轴向抵挡驱动件,芯杆的螺纹端与驱动螺母的螺纹孔螺纹连接;在膨胀套未膨胀状态,所述驱动芯件容置空间与连接在一起的驱动件、芯杆本体、驱动螺母配合。
  36. 如权利要求27所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件,其特征在于:所述的定位抵挡部为锥形,在被连接件上设有完全容置定位抵挡部的锥形容置孔。
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CN110695912A (zh) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 喷射阀气门座圈的取出工具
CN111577730A (zh) * 2020-05-26 2020-08-25 深圳亚太航空技术有限公司 快卸膨胀装置
CN113417923A (zh) * 2021-07-15 2021-09-21 四川大学 一种组合螺杆结构及装拆方法
CN113775661A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-10 董艳来 一种压力可控的瓦片式膨胀轴

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CN110695912A (zh) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 喷射阀气门座圈的取出工具
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CN113417923A (zh) * 2021-07-15 2021-09-21 四川大学 一种组合螺杆结构及装拆方法
CN113775661A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-10 董艳来 一种压力可控的瓦片式膨胀轴
CN113775661B (zh) * 2021-09-09 2024-05-10 杭州小曦智能科技有限公司 一种压力可控的瓦片式膨胀轴

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