WO2016199868A1 - タッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物、転写フィルム及び硬化膜積層体、並びに樹脂パターンの製造方法及びタッチパネル表示装置 - Google Patents
タッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物、転写フィルム及び硬化膜積層体、並びに樹脂パターンの製造方法及びタッチパネル表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/033—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/075—Silicon-containing compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/095—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having more than one photosensitive layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/72—Cured, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/418—Refractive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
- B32B2309/10—Dimensions, e.g. volume linear, e.g. length, distance, width
- B32B2309/105—Thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/208—Touch screens
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- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aqueous photosensitive resin composition and the like, and more specifically, a planarizing film of an electronic component such as a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, a touch panel display device, an integrated circuit element, and a solid-state imaging device;
- the present invention relates to an aqueous photosensitive resin composition suitable for forming a film and an interlayer insulating film, and a method for producing a resin pattern using the same.
- Touch panels are used not only for large electronic devices such as personal computers and televisions, but also for small electronic devices such as car navigation systems, mobile phones, and electronic dictionaries, and display devices such as OA / FA devices.
- An electrode made of a material is provided.
- ITO Indium-Tin-Oxide
- indium oxide Indium oxide
- tin oxide As the transparent conductive electrode material, ITO (Indium-Tin-Oxide), indium oxide, and tin oxide are known, and these materials have high visible light transmittance, so that electrode materials for substrates for liquid crystal display elements, etc. It is mainly used as.
- Existing touch panel methods include resistive film method, optical method, pressure method, capacitance method, electromagnetic wave induction method, image recognition method, vibration detection method, ultrasonic method, etc.
- capacitive touch panels have been most advanced.
- the capacitive touch panel detects the coordinates by capturing the change in charge at the contact position of the fingertip.
- the projected capacitive touch panel can detect multiple points on the fingertip, and thus has a good operability to give complicated instructions. Therefore, it can be used for small displays such as mobile phones and portable music players.
- a plurality of X electrodes and a plurality of Y electrodes orthogonal to the plurality of X electrodes have a two-layer structure in order to express two-dimensional coordinates by the X axis and the Y axis.
- ITO is used as the electrode material.
- a capacitive touch panel is disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the like, and an insulating film or a protective film is provided in the laminated structure in order to prevent erroneous recognition of a position where an observer's finger or the like is in contact. Yes.
- Performance required for insulating film or protective film includes adhesion to substrates, bases, other layers such as glass, inorganic material, metal material and transparent electrode such as ITO or organic material; high temperature in touch panel manufacturing process There is a need for heat resistance to the firing process; and high transmittance when forming a laminated substrate. Furthermore, when an insulating film or protective film coating is applied to the surface of another layer such as an ITO transparent electrode pattern, the ITO pattern is visible because the refractive index difference between the other layer and the insulating film or protective film increases. It becomes easy and there exists a problem that the visibility of a liquid crystal screen falls.
- a high refractive index layer in a capacitive touch panel, a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device or the like, reflection of light is often suppressed and transmittance or visibility is improved.
- a layer containing inorganic oxide fine particles Patent Document 3
- a hard coat layer having a high refractive index Patent Document 4
- a protective film Patent Document 4
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 In order to improve the productivity of the pattern, high refractive materials having photosensitivity are disclosed in Patent Documents 5 and 6, but the alkoxyalkyl group or hydroxymethyl group of the melamine compound used as the thermosetting compound is From the viewpoint of long-term storage stability, it is insufficient. Moreover, an organic solvent is used for the high refractive materials described in Patent Documents 5 and 6, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of environmental harmony.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is an aqueous photosensitive resin composition having good adhesion to a substrate, a base, etc., excellent transparency and storage stability, and a high refractive index;
- An aqueous photosensitive resin composition suitable for production is an aqueous photosensitive resin composition suitable for production; a transfer film produced using the aqueous photosensitive resin composition, a photosensitive resin laminate and a photocured product; a method for producing a resin pattern using the aqueous photosensitive resin composition; It is providing the touch panel display device which improved the visibility which has a resin pattern or a photocured material.
- the present invention is as follows.
- the surface tension at 23 ° C. when prepared as an aqueous solution having a refractive index of 1.60 or more, containing a water-soluble crosslinking agent having at least two polymerizable functional groups, and having a solid content of 5% by mass is 40 mN.
- An aqueous resin composition for a touch panel which is / m or less.
- the aqueous resin composition for a touch panel according to [1], wherein the water-soluble crosslinking agent having at least two polymerizable functional groups has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 12,000.
- a transfer film comprising a two-layer film on a temporary support, The two-layer film is: A binder polymer that is laminated on the temporary support and contains 3% by mass to 25% by mass of a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid, a photopolymerizable compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, light
- a first photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive resin composition containing a polymerization initiator; and the touch panel laminated on the first photosensitive layer and according to any one of [1] to [3]
- a second photosensitive layer comprising an aqueous photosensitive resin composition for use; Formed by, The transfer film.
- D-1 A transfer film for a touch panel, comprising a nitrogen-containing crosslinking agent having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 10,000 and having at least two polymerizable functional groups in the molecule.
- a touch panel display device having the cured film laminate for a touch panel according to [7].
- An aqueous photosensitive resin composition comprising:
- the water-soluble resin (A) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly (methyl vinyl ether), polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives thereof, polyoxyalkylene oxide, polyacrylic acid derivatives, polyacrylamide, and cellulose.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition [10] The aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to [9], further comprising (F) an organosilicon compound. [11] The aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to [10], wherein the (F) organosilicon compound has at least one polymerizable functional group.
- a transfer film comprising a two-layer film on a temporary support,
- the two-layer film is: A binder polymer that is laminated on the temporary support and contains 3% by mass to 25% by mass of a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid, a photopolymerizable compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, light
- a first photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive resin composition containing a polymerization initiator; and the water according to any one of [9] to [11], which is laminated on the first photosensitive layer.
- a second photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive photosensitive resin composition; Formed by, The transfer film.
- the water-soluble resin (A) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly (methyl vinyl ether), polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives thereof, polyoxyalkylene oxide, polyacrylic acid derivatives, polyacrylamide, and celluloses.
- the (D) water-soluble cross-linking agent is a urethane (meth) acrylate polyfunctional vinyl monomer, and is in a proportion of 40% by mass to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition ( B) including inorganic oxide particles, The aqueous photosensitive resin composition.
- a transfer film comprising a two-layer film on a temporary support,
- the two-layer film is: A binder polymer that is laminated on the temporary support and contains 3% by mass to 25% by mass of a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid, a photopolymerizable compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, light
- a first photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive resin composition containing a polymerization initiator; and the water according to any one of [13] to [16], which is laminated on the first photosensitive layer.
- a second photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive photosensitive resin composition; Formed by, The transfer film.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition for a touch panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is applied to the first photosensitive layer by applying a photosensitive resin composition to a temporary support to form a first photosensitive layer.
- a photosensitive resin composition to a temporary support to form a first photosensitive layer.
- a second photosensitive layer By forming a second photosensitive layer, a two-layer film comprising the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer is formed on the temporary support, and the solvent is removed from the two-layer film.
- Transfer film production process to obtain a transfer film; (B) an exposure step in which the transfer film is transferred to a substrate and exposed in a pattern with actinic rays; (C) a development step of developing the transfer film by removing an unexposed portion of the transfer film with an aqueous developer; and (d) a heat treatment step of heat-treating the substrate with the developed transfer film. ; In this order.
- the cured film laminated body for touchscreens which has the resin pattern manufactured by the method as described in [20].
- [22] [21] A touch panel display device having the cured film laminate for a touch panel according to [21].
- an aqueous photosensitive resin composition having good adhesion to a substrate, a base, etc., excellent thermal transferability, coating properties, interface forming properties, permeability and storage stability, and a high refractive index.
- An object, a coating film, a transfer film, a resin pattern, a photocured product, and a touch panel display device with improved visibility having the photocured product can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transfer film in which a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer are laminated on a PET temporary support.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate in which the transfer film shown in FIG. 1 is laminated on both sides of the ITO film.
- 3A is a cross-sectional STEM observation image of the cured film laminate for a touch panel obtained in Example 104
- FIG. 3B is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows the STEM-EDX result of the organic layer at position (1) shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a STEM-EDX result of the second hardened layer at the position (2) shown in FIG. 3 (b).
- FIG. 4 shows the STEM-EDX result of the organic layer at position (1) shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a STEM-EDX result of the second hardened layer at the position (2) shown in FIG. 3 (b).
- FIG. 6 shows a STEM-EDX result of the first hardened layer at the position (3) shown in FIG. 3 (b).
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the cross-sectional SEM observation image of the cured film laminate for touch panels in the film thickness measurement of Example 104 and each layer constituting the cured film laminate.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional SEM observation image of the cured film laminate for a touch panel obtained in Comparative Example 27, and shows an enlarged observation image of the pinhole portion.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to an embodiment of the present invention is a resin composition that is dissolved or uniformly dispersed in a solvent containing water as a main component at 40 ° C. at 2% by mass or more.
- the solvent containing water as a main component is a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent that dissolves in water, and the mixing ratio of the water / organic solvent is 100/0 to 50/50.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the refractive index is 1.60 or more, and the surface tension of a 5 mass% aqueous solution at 23 ° C. is 40 mN / m or less.
- Each component constituting the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to this embodiment will be specifically described below.
- the water-soluble resin according to the present embodiment is a resin that dissolves 2% by mass or more in 23 ° C. water (a resin that dissolves 2 g or more per 100 g of water) or a resin that is uniformly dispersed.
- the solubility of the resin in water is also included in the definition of the water-soluble resin according to this embodiment even when the resin is dissolved in hot water and then cooled to 23 ° C. to maintain the dissolved state.
- the dissolution in the present embodiment is defined as a state in which the resin is dissolved in water without visually confirming cloudiness, precipitation, or phase separation when the resin is dissolved in water.
- the resin uniformly dispersed in water means that water is added so that the solid content concentration is 2% by mass, and after standing for 24 hours in an environment of 23 ° C., precipitation, sedimentation, or phase separation is visually observed. It is a resin that is not confirmed.
- Examples of the resin that dissolves 2% by mass or more with respect to water at 23 ° C. include polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly (methyl vinyl ether), polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl alcohol derivatives (for example, a polyalkylene oxide group, an acrylic group, etc.
- Examples of the resin that is uniformly dispersed in water include an acrylic resin emulsion, an acrylic silicon resin emulsion, a urethane resin emulsion, a fluororesin emulsion, an epoxy resin emulsion, a polyester resin emulsion, an alkyd resin emulsion, and a melamine resin emulsion.
- the water-soluble resin is preferably a resin that dissolves 2% by mass or more in water at 23 ° C.
- polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly (methyl vinyl ether), polyalkylene oxide, polyacrylic acid derivatives (polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic) Acid esters and copolymers thereof are preferred from the viewpoints of coating properties and dispersibility of inorganic oxide particles.
- Polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyacrylic acid derivatives (polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid esters, and copolymers thereof) It is particularly preferred when combined).
- the advantage of using a water-soluble resin is that it uses an organic solvent, so that the amount of organic solvent used can be reduced, which is environmentally preferable. Moreover, since water-soluble resin is hydrophilic, the effect as a dispersing agent for disperse
- the resin By dissolving the resin in the aqueous dispersion of inorganic oxide particles, the inorganic oxide particles and the resin can be easily uniformly mixed in water to obtain a mixed solution. By using this mixed solution, a film in which inorganic oxide particles are uniformly dispersed in the resin can be produced.
- the water-soluble resin preferably suppresses aggregation of the (B) inorganic oxide particles contained in the aqueous photosensitive resin composition.
- (B) The light transmittance of the aqueous solution is lowered due to the aggregation of the inorganic oxide particles.
- the size of the secondary aggregate of inorganic oxide particles is 100 nm or more, the light transmittance in the visible light region (400 nm to 700 nm) is greatly reduced.
- the water-soluble resin has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 500,000.
- Use of a water-soluble resin having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 500,000 is preferable from the viewpoint of dispersibility in water without cracking of the coating film.
- a low molecular weight water-soluble resin having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000 is preferable from the viewpoint of high solubility when alkali-developed.
- a high molecular weight water-soluble resin having a weight average molecular weight of 40,000 to 500,000 is preferred from the viewpoint of maintaining the dispersibility of the inorganic oxide particles. Therefore, it is more preferable to use a low molecular weight water-soluble resin and a high molecular weight water-soluble resin in combination.
- a weight average molecular weight is measured by the method as described in an Example.
- the content of the water-soluble resin is preferably in the range of 3% by mass to 30% by mass and more preferably in the range of 5% by mass to 25% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition. 7 mass% to 20 mass% is particularly preferable. If the content of the water-soluble resin is in the range of 3% by mass to 30% by mass, the dispersion of the inorganic oxide particles is good, and a good film with high transparency can be obtained.
- the refractive index required for the present invention Can also be prepared.
- the inorganic oxide particles include oxides such as titanium, zirconium, zinc, niobium, and tungsten, which are used from the viewpoint of improving the refractive index of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among oxides, it is preferable to use titanium dioxide and / or zirconium oxide (IV) because inorganic oxide particles having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and a small filler particle size can be obtained. However, since titanium oxide may have surface activity (organic substance decomposability), zirconium oxide (IV) is particularly preferable.
- the average dispersed primary particle size of the inorganic oxide fine particles is preferably 1 nm to 30 nm, and more preferably 5 nm to 10 nm. If the average dispersed primary particle size of the inorganic oxide fine particles is less than 1 nm, the crystallinity becomes poor and the refractive index is lowered. If it exceeds 30 nm, light scattering (Rayleigh scattering) by the inorganic oxide fine particles is remarkable. Therefore, the permeability of the coating film in the visible light region is reduced. Furthermore, when the secondary aggregate is formed, the inorganic oxide fine particles having an average dispersed primary particle size exceeding 30 nm have a remarkable decrease in permeability. Zirconium oxide (IV) can suppress aggregation by modifying its surface.
- unmodified zirconium oxide (IV) oxide tends to have a lower refractive index than unmodified zirconium (IV) oxide
- the unmodified zirconium (IV) oxide include SZR-W and SZR-CW available from Sakai Industrial Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the titanium dioxide rutile type titanium dioxide is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the above-described organic matter decomposability, and examples thereof include SRD-W available from Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the inorganic oxide fine particles are nano-sized particles, even when the inorganic oxide fine particles are dispersed in a resin to form a composition, light scattering is small and transparency can be maintained. The same can be said for the coating film.
- the content of the inorganic oxide fine particles is preferably 30% by mass or more and more preferably in the range of 35% by mass to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition. Preferably, 45% by mass to 65% by mass is more preferable, and 50% by mass to 60% by mass is particularly preferable. If the content of the inorganic oxide fine particles is 35% by mass or more, a good film with high transparency can be obtained, and the refractive index necessary for the present invention can be prepared.
- (C) Photopolymerization initiator It is preferable that the photopolymerization initiator according to the present embodiment does not interfere with the dispersion of the (B) inorganic oxide particles contained in the aqueous photosensitive resin composition.
- the photopolymerization initiator include 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,4-diethoxyacetophenone, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, 1-hydroxy Cyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butan-1-one, [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1
- Acetophenone photopolymerization initiators such as propiophenone (Irgacure 2959 (trade name) manufactured by BASF Corporation); benzoin photopolymerization such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethy
- an acetophenone photopolymerization initiator or an oxime ester photopolymerization initiator is preferable from the viewpoints of transparency of the protective film to be formed and adhesion to the substrate after pattern formation.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably in the range of 0.1% by mass to 15% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition, and is preferably 1% by mass to 10% by mass. More preferably, it is more preferably 2% by mass to 5% by mass.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is in the range of 0.1% by mass to 15% by mass, good patterning becomes possible after the composition is formed into a film and transferred to a substrate.
- the water-soluble crosslinking agent according to this embodiment is a crosslinking agent that dissolves 1% by mass or more in water at 23 ° C. (a crosslinking agent that dissolves 1 g or more in 100 g of water) or is uniformly dispersed. It is a cross-linking agent. The higher the solubility of the water-soluble crosslinking agent in water, the better. More specifically, a water-soluble crosslinking agent showing a water solubility of 3% by mass or more is preferable.
- the water-soluble crosslinking agent preferably has at least two polymerizable functional groups from the viewpoint of crosslinkability.
- water-soluble crosslinking agent examples include a photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group, a polymerizable compound having an alkoxymethyl group or a methylol group, and a blocked isocyanate compound.
- Examples of the photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group include a monofunctional vinyl monomer, a bifunctional vinyl monomer, and a polyfunctional vinyl monomer having at least three polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated groups.
- Examples of the monofunctional vinyl monomer include (meth) acrylic acid, acrylic acid ester, acrylamide, alkylene oxide-modified (meth) acrylic acid ester, and water-soluble monomers or water-soluble oligomers copolymerizable therewith.
- the water-soluble monomer and the water-soluble oligomer are compounds having water solubility equivalent to that of the water-soluble crosslinking agent.
- bifunctional vinyl monomer examples include polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyalkylene glycol-modified trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A-modified polyalkyleneoxy di (meth) acrylate, Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether di (meth) acrylate, ester compound of glycerin derivative and acrylic acid, polyvalent carboxylic acid (acid anhydride such as phthalic anhydride), substance having hydroxyl group and ethylenically unsaturated group (for example, ⁇ - Urethane (meth) acrylate or diol, which is a reaction product of an ester compound with hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate), a diisocyanate compound, a diol, and a substance having a hydroxyl group and an ethylenically unsaturated group
- polyalkylene glycols e.g.
- polyfunctional vinyl monomer examples include trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate modified with an alkyleneoxy group, tetramethylolmethane tri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetra (meth) acrylate, and pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate.
- Pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate or a compound obtained by reacting a polyhydric alcohol with an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid (for example, tri Compound obtained by adding ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid to glycidyl group-containing compound such as methylolpropane triglycidyl ether triacrylate), urethane (meth) acrylate compound, N- Tris (3-acrylamido propoxymethyl) methyl] acrylamide.
- an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid for example, tri Compound obtained by adding ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid to glycidyl group-containing compound such as methylolpropane triglycidyl ether triacrylate
- the vinyl monomer is preferably an acrylate compound or an acrylamide compound.
- the polyfunctional vinyl monomer include pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, N- [tris (3-acrylamidepropoxymethyl) methyl] acrylamide, and urethane (meth) acrylate.
- Bifunctional urethane (meth) acrylates include Art Resin TX-1N, Art Resin TX-17N, Art Resin TX-36N (Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.), UA-W2A, UA-W2, UA-7000 (new) Commercial products such as Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- the polyfunctional urethane (meth) acrylate commercially available products such as UA-7100 and UA-7200 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- Examples of the polymerizable compound having an alkoxymethyl group or a methylol group include melamine resins, oligomers and monomers thereof in which the N-position is substituted with a methylol group or an alkoxymethyl group.
- Examples of these include alkoxymethylated melamine resins, alkoxymethylated benzoguanamine resins, alkoxymethylated glycoluril resins, alkoxymethylated urea resins, and monomers thereof.
- alkoxymethylated melamine resin, alkoxymethylated benzoguanamine resin, alkoxymethylated glycoluril resin, alkoxymethylated urea resin, and these monomers are the corresponding known methylolated melamine resin, methylolated benzoguanamine resin.
- Methylolated glycoluril resin, methylolated urea resin, and methylol groups of those monomers are converted to alkoxymethyl groups.
- alkoxymethyl group examples include a methoxymethyl group, an ethoxymethyl group, a propoxymethyl group, a butoxymethyl group and the like.
- polymerizable compound having these functional groups include commercially available Cymel 300, 301, 303, 370, 325, 327, 701, 266, 267, 238, 1141, 272, 202, 1156, 1158, 1123, 1170 and 1174, UFR65 and 300 (Mitsui Cytec Co., Ltd.), Nicarak MX- 270, -280 and -290, Nicarak MS-11, Nicarak MW-30, -100, -300, -390 and -750 (manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be preferably used. These compounds can be used alone or in combination.
- Examples of the blocked isocyanate group-containing compound include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI), and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI).
- Xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate (H6TDI), 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (H6XDI), tetramethyl Xylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMHDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), norbornene diisocyanate ( BDI), 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl diisocyanate (TIDI), 1,12-diisocyanate dodecane (DDI), 2,4, -bis- (8-isocyanate octyl) -1,3-dioctylcyclobutane (OCDI) N-pent
- the blocked isocyanate group-containing compound may be one in which these isocyanate groups are masked with a blocking agent (phenol, ⁇ -caprolactam, etc.).
- a blocking agent phenol, ⁇ -caprolactam, etc.
- the blocked isocyanate group-containing compound described above is generally commercially available as a cross-linking agent.
- Bihydur 3100, Bihydur 2336, Bihydur LS2150 / 1, Bihydur BL116, Bihydur BL5140, Bihydur BL5235 manufactured by Sumika Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd.
- At least one water-soluble crosslinking agent preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 12,000 from the viewpoint of adhesion to a substrate.
- the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble crosslinking agent is 1,000 or more
- the aqueous resin composition can be provided with appropriate toughness that can withstand adhesion evaluation, and the weight average molecular weight is 12,000 or less.
- appropriate fluidity can be imparted when the aqueous resin composition is formed on the substrate by coating or thermal transfer.
- a more preferred range of weight average molecular weight is 2,000 to 10,000.
- the weight average molecular weight shall be measured according to the methods and conditions described in the examples.
- a water-soluble crosslinking agent having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 12,000 and a water-soluble crosslinking agent having a weight average molecular weight of less than 1,000 or exceeding 12,000 are used in combination. May be.
- the water-soluble crosslinking agent further preferably contains a nitrogen atom such as a urethane skeleton, an amide skeleton, an isocyanate skeleton, a melamine skeleton, or a urea skeleton. Since the water-soluble crosslinking agent contains these nitrogen atoms in the molecule, the water-soluble crosslinking agent can strongly interact with the underlying conductor, so that the adhesion is improved.
- the content of the water-soluble crosslinking agent is preferably within a range of 5% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition, and more preferably 10% by mass to 40% by mass. Preferably, 15% by mass to 35% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the content of the water-soluble crosslinking agent is 5% by mass or more, after the composition is formed into a film and transferred to the substrate, good patterning is possible, and the thermal transfer property and adhesion to the substrate are also improved. If the content of the water-soluble crosslinking agent is 50% by mass or less, the refractive index of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition can be adjusted to 1.60 or more, and the visibility of the touch panel can be further improved. .
- the surfactant according to the present embodiment is used from the viewpoint of improving the coating property of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition on the substrate, coating unevenness, or film thickness uniformity.
- surfactant carboxybetaine type, sulfobetaine type or imidazolium type amphoteric surfactants; anionic surfactants such as alkyl ether phosphates; KP series (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name), DBE Organic siloxane surfactants such as series (manufactured by Gelest Co., Ltd .: trade name), granol (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name) or Florard (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd .: trade name), MegaFac (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.
- anionic surfactants such as alkyl ether phosphates
- KP series manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name
- DBE Organic siloxane surfactants such as series (manufactured by Gelest Co.,
- fluorosurfactants such as Lumiflon (product name: Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, poly Nonionic typified by polyoxyalkylene alkyl nonionic surfactants such as ethylene glycol monolaurate (nonionic) surfactant.
- the amphoteric surfactant is preferably a sulfobetaine type from the viewpoint of coating unevenness, and specific examples of the sulfobetaine type amphoteric surfactant include LSB-R and LSB (manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemicals: trade name) or AMPHITOL 20HD ( Kao: trade name) and the like.
- the nonionic surfactant is preferably dissolved in water.
- preferable water-soluble nonionic surfactants include organosiloxane surfactants such as DBE814 and DBE821 (manufactured by Gelest: trade name), KP104 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical: trade name), and LE605 (manufactured by Kyoeisha: merchandise). Name) and other polyoxyalkylene alkyl surfactants such as Neugen LF-80X (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .: trade name) and Adecanol B-733 (ADEKA Co., Ltd .: trade name). Can be mentioned.
- organosiloxane surfactants such as DBE814 and DBE821 (manufactured by Gelest: trade name), KP104 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical: trade name), and LE605 (manufactured by Kyoeisha: merchandise). Name
- other polyoxyalkylene alkyl surfactants such as Neu
- a coating film is applied on a hydrophobic film such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film or a multilayer transfer film when a surfactant is added to the aqueous photosensitive resin composition.
- the contact angle with the film is lowered, and the coatability is improved.
- the surfactant used preferably has a surface tension of 40 mN / m or less, and more preferably less than 35 mN / m, from the viewpoint of coatability.
- the content of the surfactant is preferably in the range of 1% by mass to 15% by mass and more preferably 2% by mass to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition. 3% by mass to 7% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the content of the surfactant is in the range of 1% by mass to 15% by mass, the coating property to the hydrophobic substrate is good, and a film having good permeability can be obtained.
- Organosilicon compound (F) Organosilicon compound
- the organosilicon compound according to this embodiment is used from the viewpoint of further improving the good adhesion of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition to a substrate (glass, ITO, etc.).
- the organosilicon compound is a compound containing a mono- or higher functional alkoxyl group and a silanol group, or a compound containing an oligomer in which silanol is partially condensed.
- adhesion to glass or ITO It becomes an adhesion aid for increasing the viscosity.
- the organosilicon compound preferably has 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 5 to 13 carbons from the viewpoint of dispersibility in water when a surfactant is used. If an organosilicon compound having low solubility in water is used, a part of the water may be substituted with alcohol.
- the organosilicon compound When alcohol is used, alcohol having a low carbon number, for example, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, or a mixed solution thereof is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing environmental burden.
- the organosilicon compound preferably contains at least one polymerizable functional group, The polymerizable functional group is particularly preferably a radical polymerizable group or a cationic polymerizable group.
- Specific organic silicon compounds include, but are not limited to, (3-methacryloxypropyl) triethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBE503), (3-methacryloxypropyl) methyldiethoxy Silane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBE502), (3-methacryloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBM503), (3-methacryloxypropyl) methyldimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical) Industrial Co., Ltd .: Trade name KBM502), (3-acryloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBM5103), (3-glycidoxypropyl) triethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu
- organosilicon compound examples include, but are not limited to, (3-ureidopropyl) trialkoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: KBE585), (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) -t- Butyl carbamate, N- (3-diethoxymethoxysilylpropyl) urea, N- (3-ethoxydimethoxysilylpropyl) urea, N- (3-tripropoxysilylpropyl) urea, N- (3-diethoxypropoxysilylpropyl) ) Urea, N- (3-ethoxydipropoxysilylpropyl) urea, N- (3-dimethoxypropoxysilylpropyl) urea, N- (3-methoxydipropoxysilylpropyl) urea, N- (3-trimethoxysilylethyl) ) Urea, N- (3- (3
- organosilicon compounds listed above may be used alone or in combination. When these alkoxysilanes are used in an aqueous solution, hydrolysis / condensation occurs, and an oligomer of silane is generated, but with respect to 100% by mass of (B) inorganic oxide particles used in this embodiment, ( F) If the organosilicon compound is less than 25% by mass, it acts as a good adhesion aid.
- organosilicon compounds from the viewpoint of dispersibility of inorganic oxide particles, (3-methacryloxypropyl) triethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBE503), (3-methacryloxypropyl) methyldiethoxy Silane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBE502), (3-methacryloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBM503), (3-methacryloxypropyl) methyldimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical) Industrial Co., Ltd .: Trade name KBM502), (3-acryloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name KBM5103), (3-glycidoxypropyl) triethoxysilane
- the content of the organosilicon compound is preferably in the range of 1% by mass to 15% by mass and more preferably 3% by mass to 12% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition. 5% by mass to 10% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the content of the organosilicon compound is in the range of 1% by mass to 15% by mass, the effect of improving the adhesion to the substrate is confirmed, and a good film is obtained.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment includes, as necessary, a plasticizer, a filler, an antifoaming agent, a flame retardant, a stabilizer, an antioxidant, a fragrance, a polymerization inhibitor, and the like.
- (A) to (E) can be contained in an amount of about 0.01 to about 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass in total. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to this embodiment can be used for forming a photosensitive layer on a substrate having electrodes in touch panel applications and the like.
- a photosensitive resin composition is uniformly dissolved or dispersed in a solvent to prepare a coating solution, which is applied onto a substrate to form a coating film, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a photosensitive layer. can do.
- (S) Solvent As the solvent of the coating solution used when applying the aqueous photosensitive resin composition, water and a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent can be used.
- water-soluble organic solvent for example, alcohols, polyols, cellosolve, carbitol, ketones and the like can be used. These organic solvents may be used as a mixture of two or more.
- Examples of alcohols include methanol, ethanol, butanol, propanol, and pentanol.
- polyols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, glycerol, hexanetriol, butanetriol, petriol, and glycerin.
- Examples of cellosolve include methoxyethanol, ethoxyethanol, propoxyethanol, butoxyethanol and the like.
- carbitol examples include methoxyethoxyethanol, ethoxyethoxyethanol, propoxyethoxyethanol, butoxyethoxyethanol and the like.
- ketones include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diacetone alcohol, and the like.
- organic solvents can be added in an amount of 0 to 99% by mass based on the whole solvent, but from the viewpoint of interface formation of the two-layer transfer film, it is preferably 0 to 50% by mass, and 0 to 30%. More preferably, it is 0% by mass, and most preferably 0% by mass (that is, 100% of water).
- pure water from which a sodium ion component, a potassium ion component or a calcium ion component is removed using an ion exchange resin can be used.
- a method of forming a photosensitive layer on a substrate having a touch panel electrode a method of directly applying a coating liquid containing the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment to a substrate, water on a temporary support in advance.
- coating a photosensitive photosensitive resin composition, producing a transfer film, and making it transfer on a base material at a subsequent process etc. can be considered, the method used as a transfer film is preferable.
- the film forming method of the transfer film includes a step of applying and drying a coating solution on a temporary support such as a PET film.
- the coating liquid can be obtained by uniformly dissolving or dispersing each component constituting the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to this embodiment described above in a solvent.
- Application methods include, for example, doctor blade coating method, Meyer bar coating method, roll coating method, screen coating method, spinner coating method, inkjet coating method, spray coating method, dip coating method, gravure coating method, curtain coating method, die coating Examples thereof include a coating method.
- the drying conditions of the coating solution are not particularly limited, but the drying temperature is preferably 50 ° C. to 130 ° C., and the drying time is preferably 30 seconds to 30 minutes.
- aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment is formed into a film, not only can a single layer composed of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition be handled as a transfer film from the viewpoint of improving the visibility of the touch panel.
- a protective film (first photosensitive layer) is added in addition to the photosensitive layer made of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition. Further, it can be handled as a two-layer transfer film.
- ⁇ Two-layer transfer film comprising a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer>
- a two-layer film composed of a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer and a method for producing the same will be described.
- a two-layer transfer film formed of a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer on a temporary support is also provided.
- a method for producing a two-layer transfer film is described below:
- a first photosensitive layer is formed on a temporary support such as a PET film, and the photosensitive layer is dried in the same manner as the drying conditions described above.
- the first photosensitive layer after drying applied on the temporary support by the same coating method using the aqueous photosensitive resin composition (second photosensitive layer) according to the present embodiment as a coating solution.
- a second photosensitive layer is formed thereon and dried in the same manner, whereby a two-layer transfer film composed of the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer can be obtained.
- the solubility in water is extremely low.
- the solvent of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition forming the second photosensitive layer contains water as a main component, it can be applied without dissolving the first photosensitive layer after drying. Therefore, a clear interface can be formed between the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer in the two-layer transfer film.
- the two-layer transfer film After producing the two-layer transfer film, it is preferable to provide a protective film on the side of the two-layer film that is not in contact with the temporary support from the viewpoint of protecting the surface.
- the first photosensitive layer comprises a binder polymer containing 3 to 25% by mass of a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid, and at least two ethylenic non-polymerizable layers when a resin pattern is formed in alkali development. It can be formed from the photosensitive resin composition containing the photopolymerizable compound which has a saturated group, and a photoinitiator.
- the binder polymer containing 3% by mass to 25% by mass of the structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid contains 3% by mass to 25% by mass of the structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid, and further includes an alkyl (meth) acrylate. At least selected from the group consisting of structural units derived from esters, structural units derived from (meth) acrylic acid aromatic esters, structural units derived from hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, and structural units derived from maleic anhydride derivatives. A copolymer containing one structural unit is preferred.
- copolymers from the viewpoint of rust prevention of the electrode produced on the substrate, a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid and a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid aromatic ester
- the copolymer to contain is more preferable.
- the copolymer as the binder polymer may contain, in addition to the constituent units already described, other monomers that can be copolymerized with those constituent units as constituent units.
- Other monomers include, for example, (meth) acrylic acid tetrahydrofurfuryl ester, (meth) acrylic acid dimethylaminoethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid diethylaminoethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid glycidyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid Benzyl ester, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl (meth) acrylate, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, diacetone (meth) acrylamide, styrene And vinyl toluene.
- the content of the structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid in the binder polymer is 3% by mass to 25% by mass based on the mass of the binder polymer, and is 20% by mass or less from the viewpoint of further excellent rust prevention. It is preferable that it is 18 mass% or less, and it is especially preferable that it is 15 mass% or less. This content is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 10% by mass or more from the viewpoint of excellent alkali developability.
- the molecular weight of the binder polymer is not limited, it is usually preferred that the weight average molecular weight of the binder polymer is 10,000 to 200,000 from the viewpoints of coatability, coating film strength, and developability. Is more preferably from 50,000 to 150,000, and particularly preferably from 50,000 to 100,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of a binder polymer is measured by the same method as the measuring method of the weight average molecular weight of (A) water-soluble resin.
- Examples of the photopolymerizable compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups include polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyalkylene glycol-modified trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, and bisphenol A.
- An ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid eg, an acrylate
- a polyhydric alcohol such as erythritol penta (meth) acrylate or dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate.
- the photosensitive resin composition is a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from pentaerythritol as a photopolymerizable compound, a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol.
- It preferably contains at least one selected from a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton, a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from trimethylolpropane, and a (meth) acrylate compound having a glycerin-derived skeleton, and dipentaerythritol It is more preferable to include at least one selected from a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from and a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from trimethylolpropane.
- (meth) acrylate having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol means an esterified product of dipentaerythritol and (meth) acrylic acid, and the esterified product is a compound modified with an alkyleneoxy group.
- the above esterified product preferably has 6 ester bonds in one molecule, but a compound having 1 to 5 ester bonds may be mixed.
- the (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from trimethylolpropane means an esterified product of trimethylolpropane and (meth) acrylic acid, and the esterified product includes a compound modified with an alkyleneoxy group.
- the in the above esterified product the number of ester bonds in one molecule is preferably 3, but a compound having 1 to 2 ester bonds may be mixed.
- alkylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane (meth) acrylate is used from the viewpoint of rust prevention sufficient for protecting substrates, electrodes and the like.
- alkylene oxide modified tetramethylolmethane (meth) acrylate compound alkylene oxide modified pentaerythritol (meth) acrylate compound, alkylene oxide modified dipentaerythritol (meth) acrylate compound, alkylene oxide modified glycerin (meth) acrylate compound, and alkylene oxide
- Preferred is at least one compound selected from modified trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (meth) acrylate, and alkylene oxide modified dipentaerythritol.
- At least one compound selected from Lumpur (meth) acrylate compound and alkylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane (meth) acrylate compounds are more preferable.
- alkylene oxide-modified tetramethylolmethane (meth) acrylate compound for example, EO-modified pentaerythritol tetraacrylate can be used.
- EO-modified pentaerythritol tetraacrylate is available as RP-1040 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.).
- the above-mentioned photopolymerizable compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the photopolymerizable compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups in the photosensitive resin composition is 20 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder polymer containing 3 to 25% by mass of a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid. It is preferably within the range of from 100 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight, more preferably from 30 parts by weight to 90 parts by weight, and particularly preferably from 40 parts by weight to 80 parts by weight.
- the content of the photopolymerizable compound is less than 20 parts by mass, a problem occurs when patterning is performed by irradiating actinic rays.
- the amount is more than 100 parts by mass, there is a concern that the adhesion of the film is lowered due to the influence of the unreacted monomer.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include benzophenone, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diaminobenzophenone (Michler ketone), N, N, N ′, N′-tetraethyl-4,4 '-Diaminobenzophenone, 4-methoxy-4'-dimethylaminobenzophenone, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1,2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) Aromatic ketones such as phenyl] -2-morpholino-propanone-1; benzoin ether compounds such as benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether and benzoin phenyl ether; benzoin compounds such as benzoin, methyl benzoin and ethyl benzoin; 1,2-octane Dione, 1- [4- (phenylthio)-, 2- (M
- an oxime ester compound and / or a phosphine oxide compound are preferable from the viewpoint of the transparency of the protective film to be formed and the pattern forming ability when the film thickness is adjusted to 15 ⁇ m or less.
- the present inventors have found that when patterning a thin photosensitive layer having high transparency, the resolution tends to decrease. The present inventors consider that this is because when the thickness of the photosensitive layer is reduced, the photosensitive layer is easily affected by light scattering from the substrate and halation occurs. In contrast, when the photosensitive resin composition contains an oxime ester compound and / or a phosphine oxide compound as a photopolymerization initiator, a pattern can be formed with sufficient resolution.
- Such an effect is because the oxime moiety contained in the oxime ester compound or the phosphine oxide moiety contained in the phosphine oxide compound has an appropriate threshold value that does not decompose with a slight amount of leakage light while having a relatively high photolysis efficiency. In addition, it may be obtained as a result that the influence of leakage light is suppressed.
- oxime ester compounds examples include 1,2-octanedione, 1- [4- (phenylthio)-, 2- (O-benzoyloxime)], ethanone, 1- [9-ethyl-6- (2-methylbenzoyl) -9H-carbazol-3-yl]-, 1- (O-acetyloxime) is particularly preferred.
- 1,2-octanedione, 1- [4- (phenylthio)-, 2- (O-benzoyloxime)] is commercially available as IRGACURE OXE 01 (trade name, manufactured by BASF Corporation).
- Etanone 1- [9-ethyl-6- (2-methylbenzoyl) -9H-carbazol-3-yl]-, 1- (O-acetyloxime) is IRGACURE OXE 02 (trade name, manufactured by BASF Corporation) ) Commercially available. These are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the phosphine oxide compound include various compounds having a carbonyl group at the ⁇ -position adjacent to the P atom.
- 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide is commercially available, for example, as LUCIRIN TPO (trade name, manufactured by BASF Corporation).
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 0.1 parts by mass to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the photopolymerizable compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups.
- the amount is more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, and further preferably 2 to 5 parts by mass.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the photosensitivity is not sufficient, and there is a problem in patterning by irradiating actinic rays after film-forming the composition and transferring it to the substrate .
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is more than 20 parts by mass, the light absorption on the surface of the composition increases, the internal photocuring becomes insufficient, and the permeability of the protective film is reduced. Arise.
- Solvents for dissolving the components constituting the first photosensitive layer include ketone solvents such as ethyl methyl ketone; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene from the viewpoint of solubility of each component, ease of film formation, and the like.
- Alcohol solvents such as ethanol; glycol ether solvents; glycol alkyl ether solvents; ester solvents such as glycol alkyl ether acetate solvents and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; diethylene glycol solvents; chloroform; These solvents may be used alone or as a mixed solvent composed of two or more solvents.
- a ketone solvent an alcohol solvent, and / or an ester solvent.
- the photosensitive resin composition for forming the first photosensitive layer includes a leveling agent, a plasticizer, a filler, an antifoaming agent, a flame retardant, a stabilizer, as necessary.
- Antioxidants, rust inhibitors, fragrances, polymerization inhibitors and the like can be added. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the first photosensitive layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, as the thickness after drying, from the viewpoint of rust prevention sufficient for protecting the substrate, electrodes, and the like. Is more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less.
- the refractive index of the first photosensitive layer is preferably in the range of 1.48 to 1.56 from the viewpoint of improving the visibility of the touch panel.
- the second photosensitive layer is a photosensitive layer made of the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to this embodiment.
- the thickness of the second photosensitive layer is preferably 30 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 70 nm or more and 120 nm or less, and more preferably 80 nm or more and 100 nm or less. It is particularly preferred that The refractive index of the second photosensitive layer is preferably in the range of 1.60 to 1.75 from the viewpoint of improving the visibility of the touch panel.
- the minimum value of the visible light transmittance at 400 to 700 nm of the two-layer transfer film comprising the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer coated on the temporary support is preferably 90% or more, and 93% More preferably, it is more preferably 95% or more.
- the visible light transmittance of the two-layer transfer film is determined as follows: On a transparent temporary support such as a PET film, a binder polymer containing 3 to 25% by mass of a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid, a photopolymerizable compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, and photopolymerization
- the first photosensitive layer is formed by applying a coating solution containing a photosensitive resin composition containing an initiator so that the thickness after drying is 15 ⁇ m or less and drying the coating solution.
- a coating solution containing the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to the present embodiment is applied to the first photosensitive layer so that the thickness after drying is 1 ⁇ m or less, and this is dried, thereby drying the first photosensitive layer.
- 2 photosensitive layers are formed.
- the two-layer transfer film thus obtained is thermocompression-bonded on a glass substrate using a laminator so that the photosensitive layer is in contact with the glass substrate to obtain a measurement sample in which the photosensitive layer and the temporary support are laminated on the glass substrate.
- the obtained protective film (cured product of the photosensitive layer) is measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The transmittance at 400 nm to 700 nm is measured.
- the transparent electrode in the sensing area of the touch panel for example, when the metal layer (such as a layer in which a copper layer is formed on the ITO electrode) in the frame area of the touch panel (touch sensor) is protected.
- the protective film can be seen from the edge of the screen, if the minimum value of the transmittance of the protective film in the general visible light wavelength region of 400 nm to 700 nm is 90% or more, image display in the sensing region It is possible to sufficiently suppress deterioration in quality, hue, or luminance.
- b * in the CIELAB color system is preferably ⁇ 0.2 to 1.0, and preferably 0.0 to 0.7. More preferred is 0.1 to 0.5.
- b * is ⁇ 0.2 to 1.0 from the viewpoint of preventing the image display quality or the hue of the sensing area from being deteriorated. Is preferred.
- CM-5 Konica Minolta spectrophotometer
- a second photosensitive layer having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or less is formed thereon, and further irradiated with ultraviolet rays to photocure the two-layer film comprising the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer, and then the measurement conditions Is measured by setting a D65 light source and a viewing angle of 2 °.
- the haze value of the two-layer film measured according to the measurement method described in JIS K 7136 is preferably 2% or less, more preferably 1% or less. It is particularly preferable that it is 0.5% or less.
- a polymer film can be used as the protective film.
- the polymer film include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and a film made of a laminated film of polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyethylene.
- the protective film when the film is produced by a method of hot-melting, kneading, extruding and stretching the material, or casting, a defect that can occur when undissolved materials and deteriorated materials of the material are incorporated into the film ( Hereinafter referred to as “fisheye”).
- the diameter of the fish eye varies depending on the material, but is about 10 ⁇ m to 1 mm, and the height from the film surface is about 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the fish eye diameter can be measured by, for example, an optical microscope, a contact surface roughness meter, or a scanning electron microscope.
- the diameter of the fish eye means the maximum diameter.
- the diameter of fish eyes in the protective film is preferably as small as possible, and the number of fish eyes is preferably as small as possible.
- the number of fish eyes having a diameter of 50 ⁇ m or more is more preferably 300 / m 2 or less, further preferably 100 / m 2 or less, and particularly preferably 50 / m 2 or less.
- the polymer film is preferably formed of polypropylene from the viewpoint of fish eyes.
- the center line average roughness Ra is preferably 0.005 ⁇ m to 0.05 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m to 0.03 ⁇ m.
- the surface roughness can be measured using a contact-type surface roughness meter.
- the film thickness of the protective film is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 15 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of storing in a roll shape.
- the film thickness is less than 5 ⁇ m, the production of the protective film tends to be difficult, and when the film thickness exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the price of the protective film tends to increase.
- the cured film laminated body for touchscreens which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
- the above-mentioned two-layer transfer film is thermocompression-bonded on a substrate having a touch panel electrode, and a protective film comprising a second photosensitive layer and a first photosensitive layer is provided in order from the electrode (conductor) on the substrate.
- the protective film preferably satisfies the conditions of the film thickness, visible light transmittance, and b * in the CIELAB color system described above for the two-layer film.
- the manufacturing method of the cured film laminated body for touch panels which concerns on this embodiment is the following processes: A first step of providing a protective film comprising the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer on a touch panel substrate having a touch panel electrode; A second step of curing a predetermined portion of the protective film by irradiation with actinic rays; After irradiation with actinic light, the part other than the predetermined part of the protective film (the part of the protective film that is not irradiated with active light) is removed, and the predetermined part of the protective film is cured so as to cover part or all of the electrode.
- the manufacturing method of the cured film laminated body for touchscreens is not limited, A 1st process, a 2nd process, a 3rd process, and a 4th process can be included in this order.
- the base material for the touch panel examples include substrates such as a glass plate, a plastic plate, and a ceramic plate that are generally used for a touch panel or a touch sensor.
- a touch panel electrode to be a target for forming a protective film is provided on this substrate.
- the electrode examples include electrodes such as ITO, Cu, Al, Ag, and Mo, and thin film transistors (TFTs).
- An insulating layer may be provided between the substrate and the electrode.
- the touch panel substrate having the touch panel electrode can be obtained, for example, by the following procedure.
- a metal film is formed on a touch panel substrate such as a PET film by sputtering in the order of ITO and Cu, and then a photosensitive film for etching is pasted on the metal film to form a desired resist pattern, and unnecessary Cu Is removed with an etching solution such as an iron chloride aqueous solution, and the resist pattern is further removed and removed.
- the protective film provided on the two-layer transfer film composed of the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer applied on the temporary support was removed. Then, while heating the two-layer transfer film, the two-layer film is transferred onto the surface of the touch panel electrode provided on the base material by pressure bonding and laminated, thereby forming the touch panel on the touch panel base material and the touch panel electrode. A structure in which the second photosensitive layer, the first photosensitive layer, and the temporary support are laminated in this order is formed.
- Crimping means includes a crimping roll.
- the pressure-bonding roll may include a heating means so that it can be heat-bonded.
- the heating temperature in the case of thermocompression bonding is sufficient to ensure the adhesion between the two-layer film and the touch panel substrate and the adhesion between the two-layer film and the electrode for the touch panel. It is preferably 10 ° C. to 180 ° C., more preferably 30 ° C. to 150 ° C. so that it is difficult to be thermally decomposed, and it is easy to handle the two-layer transfer film and the dimensional stability of the base material for the touch panel as the base It is more preferable that the temperature is 50 ° C. to 100 ° C. from the viewpoint of maintaining the property.
- the pressure during the thermocompression bonding is 50 N / m to 1 ⁇ 10 5 as a linear pressure.
- N / m is preferable, 2.5 ⁇ 10 2 N / m to 5 ⁇ 10 4 N / m is more preferable, and 5 ⁇ 10 2 N / m to 4 ⁇ 10 4 N / m. More preferably.
- a coating solution containing the aqueous photosensitive resin composition and solvent described above is prepared, It can also apply
- actinic rays are patterned on a predetermined portion of the protective film composed of the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer through a photomask having an arbitrary pattern. Irradiate in a shape.
- the temporary support on the two-layer film comprising the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer is transparent, the active light can be irradiated as it is.
- the temporary support is opaque, it is preferable to irradiate actinic rays after removing the temporary support. From the viewpoint of protecting the surface of the two-layer film, it is preferable to use a transparent polymer film such as PET as a temporary support, and to irradiate actinic rays through the polymer film while remaining.
- a known actinic light source can be used, and examples thereof include a carbon arc lamp, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, and a xenon lamp. .
- the dose of active ray is usually 10mJ / cm 2 ⁇ 1,000mJ / cm 2, the time of irradiation, it may be accompanied by heating.
- the irradiation amount of actinic rays is less than 10 mJ / cm 2 , the photocuring tends to be insufficient, and when the irradiation amount of actinic rays exceeds 1,000 mJ / cm 2 , the two-layer film tends to discolor. is there.
- the two-layer film laminated on the base material after irradiation with actinic rays is developed with a developer, and the portion not irradiated with actinic rays (that is, A portion other than the predetermined portion of the two-layer film is removed, and a protective film made of a cured product of the predetermined portion of the two-layer film is formed so as to cover a part or all of the electrode.
- the formed protective film can have a predetermined pattern by a photomask having an arbitrary pattern.
- the temporary support is laminated on the two-layer film after irradiation with active light, development is performed after removing the temporary support with a developer after removing the temporary support.
- development is performed by a known method such as spraying, showering, rocking dipping, brushing, scraping, etc. using a known developing solution such as an alkaline aqueous solution, aqueous developer, organic solvent, etc.
- a known developing solution such as an alkaline aqueous solution, aqueous developer, organic solvent, etc.
- the method include a method of removing the alkali.
- an alkaline aqueous solution is preferably used from the viewpoint of environmental consideration and safety.
- an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is preferable.
- a dilute solution of sodium carbonate (0.5% by mass to 5% by mass aqueous solution) at 20 ° C. to 50 ° C. is preferably used.
- Development temperature and time can be adjusted according to the developability of the photosensitive resin composition of the present embodiment.
- a surfactant In the alkaline aqueous solution, a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, a small amount of an organic solvent for promoting development, and the like can be mixed.
- the base of the alkaline aqueous solution remaining in the two-layer film after photocuring is converted into an acid by known methods such as spraying, rocking immersion, brushing, and scraping using an organic acid, an inorganic acid, or an aqueous acid solution thereof. It can be treated (neutralized). Furthermore, after the acid treatment (neutralization treatment), a step of washing the two-layer film after photocuring with water can be performed.
- the cured product may be further cured by irradiation with actinic rays (for example, an irradiation dose of 2 ⁇ 10 3 J / m 2 to 2 ⁇ 10 4 J / m 2 ).
- actinic rays for example, an irradiation dose of 2 ⁇ 10 3 J / m 2 to 2 ⁇ 10 4 J / m 2 .
- a touch panel substrate with a protective film made of a cured product of a predetermined portion of a two-layer film composed of a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer after development is prepared.
- Heat treatment is performed to further cure the photocured product.
- the heating temperature for the heat treatment is such that the touch panel base material, the touch panel electrode formed on the base material, and the protective film composed of the first and second photosensitive layers protecting them are not deteriorated by heat.
- it is preferably 40 ° C. to 180 ° C., more preferably 50 ° C. to 160 ° C., and still more preferably 60 ° C. to 150 ° C.
- the cured film laminate for a touch panel includes an electrode (conductor), a second cured layer, and a first cured layer in this order on a substrate. These hardened layers can also be disposed on both sides of the substrate.
- the refractive index of the first cured layer is in the range of 1.48 to 1.56, similar to the preferred range of the refractive index of the first photosensitive layer described above. It is preferable.
- the refractive index of the second hardened layer is in the range of 1.60 to 1.75, similar to the preferred range of the refractive index of the second photosensitive layer described above, from the viewpoint of improving the visibility of the touch panel. It is preferable.
- the second photosensitive layer And (B) inorganic oxide particles having a refractive index of 2.0 or more, such as zirconium oxide and titanium oxide, contained in the second hardened layer are harmful, thermal transferability and adhesion to the conductor on the substrate Tend to get worse.
- the inventors have (D) an inorganic oxide in an amount capable of maintaining a high refractive index by optimizing the blending amount, chemical structure, and weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble crosslinking agent.
- a cured film laminate for a touch panel was found that was excellent in the thermal transferability of the transfer film and the adhesion to the conductor on the substrate while containing particles.
- STEM-EDX high-resolution observation
- STEM scanning transmission electron microscope
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
- the average number of pinholes present per area of 5 ⁇ m in width of the second hardened layer is 1 or less. found.
- This ultrathin organic layer is derived from the organic components contained in the second photosensitive layer.
- (D) the water-soluble crosslinking agent is related to the presence of the ultrathin organic layer.
- the organic layer is presumed to have a positive influence on the thermal transferability of the two-layer transfer film and the adhesion to the conductor on the substrate.
- the refractive index of the ultrathin organic layer is considered to be less than 1.60, it is considered that the visibility of the touch panel is adversely affected. As a result, it was found that it can be used practically without problems.
- the thickness of the ultrathin organic layer is preferably in the range of 5 to 30 nm.
- This thickness is a suitable range for producing a touch panel cured film laminate using a two-layer transfer film, and was produced by applying the second photosensitive layer and the first photosensitive layer directly on the conductor of the substrate. In the touch panel cured film laminate, no ultrathin organic layer is confirmed even when the adhesiveness to the conductor is sufficiently obtained.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to this embodiment and a transfer film using the same are preferably used to form a protective film for a touch panel substrate and a cured film laminate for a touch panel. .
- the photosensitive resin composition is applied to a temporary support to form a first photosensitive layer, and the aqueous photosensitive resin composition according to this embodiment is applied to the first photosensitive layer to form a second photosensitive layer.
- the resin pattern can be manufactured by a method including the above in this order.
- Steps (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively performed in the same manner as the first step, the second step, the third step, and the fourth step in the method for manufacturing a cured film laminate for a touch panel.
- the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer become a first cured layer and a second cured layer, respectively, through these steps.
- aqueous photosensitive resin composition Preparation and evaluation of aqueous photosensitive resin composition ⁇ Preparation of aqueous photosensitive resin composition> The materials shown in Tables 1, 2 and 6 below are weighed into 250 ml plastic bottles, charged with ion-exchanged water so that the solid content is 5% by mass, and dissolved and mixed for 2 hours using a stirrer.
- the aqueous photosensitive resin composition coating solutions (V-1) for forming the second photosensitive layer were prepared (Examples 1 to 34 and 72 to 81, Comparative Examples 1 to 6 and 13), respectively. ⁇ 15).
- Examples 1-27 and 29-34 were colorless and transparent aqueous solutions, while Example 28 was a pale yellow aqueous solution.
- the polymer of the methacrylic acid / benzyl methacrylate copolymer (copolymerization ratio: 20/80, Mw: 43,000) used in Comparative Example 2 is insoluble in ion-exchanged water, and a uniform aqueous photosensitive resin composition is used. Cann't get.
- trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate used in Comparative Example 5 was insoluble in ion-exchanged water, and a uniform aqueous photosensitive resin composition could not be obtained.
- the coating solution (V-1) was spin-coated on a 6-inch silicon wafer with a Mikasa coater (1H-360S manufactured by Mikasa) (program operation of 2 seconds at 300 rpm + 5 seconds at 500 rpm + 10 seconds at 1000 rpm): coating thickness after drying 100 nm And prebaked on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 90 seconds to obtain a coating film.
- the obtained coating film was visually observed and applicability was evaluated according to the following rating.
- A The total area of the uncoated part is less than 1% with respect to the total area of the silicon wafer.
- B The total area of the uncoated part is not less than 1% and less than 5% with respect to the total area of the silicon wafer.
- C With respect to the total area of the silicon wafer , The total area of uncoated areas is 5% or more.
- Example 25 The coating properties of Examples 1 to 24, Examples 26 to 28, and Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 4 in which the surface tension of a 5% by mass aqueous solution at 23 ° C. was 40 mN / m or less were good.
- Example 25 the amount of (E) surfactant added was small, and the surface tension of a 5% aqueous solution at 23 ° C. was 40 mN / m, but the coating property was slightly inferior.
- Comparative Example 6 since (E) surfactant was not added, the surface tension at 23 ° C. of the 5 mass% aqueous solution exceeded 40 mN / m, resulting in poor coatability. Comparative Examples 2 and 5 could not be evaluated because a uniform coating solution could not be obtained.
- the coating solution (V-1) is spin-coated on a 6-inch silicon wafer with a Mikasa coater (Mikasa 1H-360S) and pre-baked on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 90 seconds so that the film thickness becomes 100 nm ⁇ 5 nm.
- a coating film is exposed at 450 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine having an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (OMW Seisakusho HMW-801), and then annealed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer.
- OMW Seisakusho HMW-801 ultra-high pressure mercury lamp
- the refractive index was 1.60 or more in any sample, but in Comparative Example 3, the refractive index was less than 1.60. From the viewpoint of visibility described later, it was suggested that the refractive index is 1.60 or more and a preferable result is obtained (see Table 4). On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, since the film obtained by spin-coating on a silicon wafer with a spin coater and drying was not transparent but clouded white, the refractive index could not be measured.
- the coating solution (V-1) is spin-coated on an ITO film (manufactured by Nitto Denko) with a transparent conductive film formed on both sides with a Mikasa coater (1H-360S manufactured by Mikasa), and prebaked at 100 ° C. for 90 seconds on a hot plate.
- the film thickness was adjusted to 100 nm ⁇ 5 nm.
- the obtained coating film was exposed at 450 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine having an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp (HMW-801 manufactured by Oak Seisakusho), and then annealed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer.
- a sample for adhesion evaluation was obtained.
- Example 1 to 25 and Example 28 in any sample, peeling on the ITO substrate was less than 5%, and good adhesion was obtained.
- Example 26 since the content of the surfactant was large, the adhesion on the ITO substrate was slightly lowered, but the peeling was 5 to 15%, and a relatively good adhesion was obtained.
- Example 27 since the content of the inorganic oxide particles is large, the adhesion on the ITO substrate is slightly lowered in the same manner as in Example 26, but the peeling is 5 to 15% and relatively good adhesion is obtained. was gotten.
- Examples 29 to 34 evaluation was performed by changing the type of (D) the water-soluble crosslinking agent.
- Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 peeling of 35% or more was observed.
- the coating film has white turbidity that is considered to be derived from the aggregate of the inorganic oxide particles as the component (B), and it is considered that such an aggregate has inhibited adhesion.
- the water-soluble crosslinking agent since (D) the water-soluble crosslinking agent was not added, the adhesion was low.
- coating was impossible because the coating solution was repelled on the ITO substrate.
- the coating solution (V-1) is spin-coated on an ITO film (manufactured by Nitto Denko) with a transparent conductive film formed on both sides with a Mikasa coater (1H-360S manufactured by Mikasa), and prebaked at 100 ° C. for 120 seconds on a hot plate. And it adjusted so that a film thickness might be set to 1.5 micrometers, and the coating film was obtained.
- the coating film was exposed at 100 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine (HMW-801, manufactured by Oak Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) having an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp using a line pattern mask in which the width of the exposed area and the unexposed area was 1: 1. did.
- Example 1 a pattern with a resolution of less than 60 ⁇ m was obtained in any sample.
- Example 23 since the content of the crosslinking agent was small, the resolution was slightly lowered, but it was less than 70 ⁇ m, and a relatively good resolution was obtained.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 4 it was impossible to form a pattern.
- the coating film is white and cloudy, which is considered to have adversely affected the photosensitivity of the aqueous resin composition.
- Comparative Example 4 there is no (D) water-soluble crosslinking agent component that cures in the exposure process. This is probably because the pattern has been removed by the developer.
- binder polymer solution solid content of 50 having a structural unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid of 20% by mass, a weight average molecular weight of about 43,000 and an acid value of 130 mgKOH / g. Mass%).
- the acid value was measured as follows. First, the binder polymer solution was heated at 130 ° C. for 1 hour to remove volatile components to obtain a solid content. Then, after precisely weighing 1.0 g of the polymer whose acid value is to be measured, the precisely weighed polymer was put into an Erlenmeyer flask, 30 g of acetone was added to the polymer, and this was uniformly dissolved. Next, an appropriate amount of an indicator, phenolphthalein, was added to the solution, and titration was performed using a 0.1N aqueous KOH solution. And the acid value was calculated
- first photosensitive resin composition for photosensitive layer The following materials including the binder polymer solution synthesized above are weighed into a 250 ml plastic bottle, charged with ethyl methyl ketone so that the solid concentration is 45% by mass, and dissolved and mixed for 2 hours using a stirrer. To obtain a photosensitive resin composition. Thereafter, the photosensitive resin composition was passed through a 3 ⁇ m filter to prepare a coating solution (W-1) for forming the first photosensitive layer.
- the coating solution (W-1) is spin-coated on a 6-inch silicon wafer with a Mikasa coater (Mikasa 1H-360S) and pre-baked on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 180 seconds to adjust the film thickness to 10 ⁇ m. To obtain a coating film.
- the coating film is exposed at 450 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine having an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (OMW Seisakusho HMW-801), and then annealed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer. A sample for refractive index evaluation was obtained.
- ⁇ Preparation of transfer film comprising first photosensitive layer> A polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Polyester Film Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m was used as a temporary support.
- the coating solution (W-1) for forming the first photosensitive layer obtained above is uniformly coated on a temporary support using a bar coater, and is heated for 3 minutes with a hot air convection dryer at 100 ° C. The solvent was removed by drying, and finally a protective film (polypropylene film having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m) was pressure-bonded to form a photosensitive resin composition layer (X-1) comprising a first photosensitive layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- the PET temporary support was peeled off, and annealed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer to produce a laminate having the first photosensitive layer provided on the glass substrate.
- the haze of the laminate was measured according to the standard of JIS K7136 using a haze meter (Nippon Electric Decoration Turbidimeter NDH2000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.). The haze value was 0.4%.
- the transmittance of the laminate was measured.
- the total transmittance at 400 nm to 700 nm was measured using a UV spectrometer (U-3010 manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd.) according to the standard of JIS K7361-1.
- the transmittance at 400 nm to 700 nm was 94.8%.
- the photosensitive resin laminated body which consists of a 1st photosensitive layer and a 2nd photosensitive layer was produced.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Polyester Film Co., Ltd.
- the coating solution (W-1) for forming the first photosensitive layer obtained above is uniformly coated on a temporary support using a bar coater, and is heated for 3 minutes with a hot air convection dryer at 100 ° C.
- the solvent was removed by drying to form a photosensitive resin composition layer (X-1) composed of a first photosensitive layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- the coating solution for forming the second photosensitive layer obtained above (V-1: Examples 1-34, Comparative Examples 1-6 (Comparison in which a uniform coating solution could not be obtained during preparation) Except for Example 2 and Comparative Example 5)) was applied uniformly on the photosensitive resin composition layer (X-1) using a bar coater and dried for 4 minutes with a 100 ° C. hot air convection dryer. The solvent is removed to form a second photosensitive layer (photosensitive resin composition layer) having a thickness of 100 nm, and finally a protective film (12 ⁇ m thick polypropylene film) is pressure-bonded, and the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer are bonded.
- a transfer film (Y-1) consisting of the photosensitive layer was prepared.
- FIG. Y-1 has a laminated structure in which a PET temporary support (3), a first photosensitive layer (1), a second photosensitive layer (2), and a protective film (not shown) are laminated in this order.
- the photosensitive resin laminated body using the coating liquid of Example 25, since the content of the surfactant is small and the surface tension at 23 ° C. of the 5 mass% aqueous solution is high, the photosensitive resin is used. Only a slight repellency of the coating solution was observed on the composition layer (X-1). In the coating solution of Comparative Example 6, large repellency was confirmed on the photosensitive resin composition layer (X-1), and a good transfer film could not be obtained.
- the coating solution (V-1) for forming the second photosensitive layer uses water as a solvent, the second photosensitive layer is formed on the first photosensitive layer without dissolving or eroding the first photosensitive layer. It is possible to form. Therefore, a clear interface can be formed between the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer.
- This clear interface formation is very important from the viewpoint of improving the visibility of ITO. Bar coater, doctor blade coating method, Mayer bar coating method, roll coating method, screen coating method, spinner coating method, inkjet coating method, dip coating method, gravure coating method, curtain coating method, die coating method, etc.
- the SP value of the solvent used in the coating solution (V-1) and the coating solution (W-1) needs to be greatly different in order to form the above-described clear interface.
- the coating liquid (V-1) To use the water, the coating liquid (W-1) to have with ethyl methyl ketone (SP value ethyl methyl ketone: 9.5 SP value Water: 23 .4).
- SP value ethyl methyl ketone 9.5 SP value Water: 23 .4
- the solvent of the coating solution (V-1) is changed from water to an alcohol such as methanol having a low SP value (SP value methanol : 14.5) (V-3)
- the photosensitive resin composition layer (X Since -1) is partially dissolved, the visibility is not improved.
- the laminating conditions were laminating speed: 1.0 m / min, laminating roll temperature: 100 ° C., laminating pressure: 0.4 MPa.
- exposure was performed at 450 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine having an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (HMW-801, manufactured by Oak Seisakusho).
- HMW-801 ultra-high pressure mercury lamp
- the PET temporary support is peeled off, and annealing is performed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer, and a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer are provided on both sides of the ITO.
- Laminates (Z-1 to Z-4) having only one photosensitive layer were produced.
- the laminate (Z-1) was produced using the transfer film (Y-1), and the laminate (Z-2) was produced using the transfer film (Y-2).
- the laminate (Z-3) is produced using the transfer film (Y-3), and the laminate (Z-4) is produced using the transfer film (X-1).
- a schematic cross-sectional view of Z-1 to Z-3 is shown in FIG. Z-1 to Z-3 are a PET temporary support (not shown), a first photosensitive layer (1), a second photosensitive layer (2), a film (4) having ITO formed on both sides,
- the second photosensitive layer (2), the first photosensitive layer (1), and a PET temporary support (not shown) have a laminated structure laminated in this order.
- the diffuse reflectance was measured, and the total reflectance (Y value) of the D65 light source / 2 ° field of view was calculated (Example 37 to Example 71, Comparative Examples 7 to 12). The measurement was performed at 3 points for each level, and the evaluation of resolution was evaluated according to the following scores. The evaluation results are shown in Table 4 below.
- the reflectance of the ITO film itself measured under the same conditions was 3.3%.
- C Reflectance 2.0% to less than 2.5%
- D Reflectance 2.5% or more
- Example 71 the total reflectance was less than 1.5% in all samples.
- the refractive index is 1.60, which is relatively close to the refractive index of 1.55 of the transfer film (X-1).
- the reduction effect is slightly low, the improvement effect can be sufficiently confirmed.
- Example 71 since water, which is a solvent for preparing the coating liquid (V-1), was substituted by 50% by mass with alcohol, the transfer film (X-1) was compared with the case where only water was used. It is considered that there is a slight difference in the interfacial formability, and the effect of reducing the reflectance is somewhat lowered, but the improvement effect can be sufficiently confirmed.
- Comparative Example 7 alcohol was used instead of water as the solvent for preparing the coating liquid (V-1) (V-3), so that the interface formation with the transfer film (X-1) was good. In addition, the effect of reducing the reflectance was not confirmed. In Comparative Example 8, since only the transfer film (X-1) was laminated and there was no refractive index adjusting layer, the effect of reducing the reflectance was not confirmed. In Comparative Example 10, since the refractive index of the second photosensitive layer is 1.57, there is almost no difference from the refractive index of the first photosensitive layer of the transfer film (X-1) 1.55. The effect of reducing the reflectance was not confirmed. In Comparative Example 9, the transfer film (Y-1) was turbid, and the reflectance could not be measured.
- the transfer films (Y-1 to Y-3) prepared above are thermocompression-bonded onto a glass substrate having a thickness of 1 mm using a laminator AL-70 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei), and secondly transferred onto the glass substrate.
- a laminate was prepared by laminating the photosensitive layer, the first photosensitive layer and the PET temporary support in this order.
- the laminating conditions were laminating speed: 1.0 m / min, laminating roll temperature: 100 ° C., laminating pressure: 0.4 MPa. Then, it exposed at 450 mJ / cm ⁇ 2 > using the exposure machine (HMW-801 by Oak Seisakusho) which has an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp.
- the PET temporary support is peeled off, and annealing is performed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer to produce a laminate in which a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer are provided on a glass substrate. did.
- the haze of the laminate was measured according to JIS K7136 using a haze meter Nippon Denso Turbidimeter NDH2000 (manufactured by Nippon Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) (Examples 37 to 71, Comparative Examples 7 to 12). .
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 4 below.
- haze was 0.5% or less in all samples, but in Comparative Example 7, haze was 1.1%. In the visibility of the touch panel, the haze value is preferably less than 0.5%.
- Example 37 to 63 and 65 to 71 the transmittance of each sample at 400 nm to 700 nm was 92% or more.
- the transmittance is 91%, which is slightly lower than the other examples due to the coloring derived from the initiator, but when used in a touch panel, the transmittance is 90% or more. Is fully usable.
- the transmittance is less than 90%, which is not suitable for use of the touch panel.
- ⁇ Preparation of photosensitive resin composition coating solution (W-2) for first photosensitive layer The following materials including the binder polymer solution synthesized above are weighed into a 250 ml plastic bottle, charged with ethyl methyl ketone so that the solid concentration is 45% by mass, and dissolved and mixed for 2 hours using a stirrer. To obtain a photosensitive resin composition. Thereafter, the photosensitive resin composition was passed through a 3 ⁇ m filter to prepare a coating solution (W-2) for forming the first photosensitive layer.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Polyester Film Co., Ltd. having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m was used as a temporary support.
- the coating solution (W-1 or W-2) for forming the first photosensitive layer obtained above is uniformly coated on a temporary support using a bar coater and dried at 100 ° C. with hot air convection. Then, the solvent was removed by drying for 3 minutes, and a photosensitive resin composition layer (X-1 or X-2) comprising a first photosensitive layer having a thickness of 5, 10, or 15 ⁇ m was formed.
- a coating solution for forming the second photosensitive layer (V-1: Examples 72 to 81 in Table 6 and Comparative Examples 13 to 15) was added to the photosensitive resin composition layer (X-1 or X-). 2) Apply uniformly on top using a bar coater, dry with a hot air convection dryer at 100 ° C. for 4 minutes to remove the solvent, and a second photosensitive layer (photosensitive resin composition) having a thickness of 60 to 120 nm Material layer), and finally a protective film (12 ⁇ m thick polypropylene film) was pressure-bonded to produce a transfer film (Y-1) comprising a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer.
- a two-layer transfer film (Y--) was prepared using a coating solution (V-3) in which ion-exchanged water, which is the solvent of the coating solution (V-1) of Comparative Example 13, was completely replaced with methanol. 3) was produced (Table 7).
- the solid content concentration of this aqueous solution was measured by the above-mentioned method, and the aqueous solution was prepared so that it might become 5.0 +/- 0.1 mass%.
- the surface tension of the aqueous solution prepared to 5% by mass was measured by the method described above. The surface tension measurement results are shown in Table 7. For Examples 82 to 97 and Comparative Examples 17 to 19, a 5% by weight aqueous solution in which the 5% by weight coating solution (V-1) used in the preparation of the two-layer film and the second photosensitive layer of the two-layer transfer film were dissolved. The result of the surface tension at 23 ° C. was almost the same value.
- Comparative Example 17 and Comparative Example 20 have the same composition of the second photosensitive layer, although the coating solutions used in the production of the two-layer transfer film are different (Comparative Example 17: V-1 and Comparative Example 20: V-3 are used). Although the components were used, the surface tension at 23 ° C. of the 5 mass% aqueous solution in which the second photosensitive layer of the two-layer transfer film was dissolved was the same value.
- a transfer film (Y-1, Y-3) comprising the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer is thermocompression bonded onto a 6-inch silicon wafer using a laminator AL-70 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei). Then, laminates (Z-1, Z-3) were produced in which the second photosensitive layer, the first photosensitive layer, and the PET temporary support were laminated in this order on the silicon wafer.
- the laminating conditions were laminating speed: 1.0 m / min, laminating roll temperature: 120 ° C., laminating pressure: 0.4 MPa.
- Examples 83 to 94, Examples 96 and 97, and Comparative Examples 18 and 19 in which the surface tension at 23 ° C. of a 5% by mass aqueous solution in which the second photosensitive layer of the two-layer transfer film is dissolved are 40 mN / m or less.
- the applicability was good (the applicability evaluation result was A).
- the coating liquid (V-1) of Example 72 used in Examples 82 and 95 had a small amount of (E) surfactant added, and a surface tension of 40 mN / m at 23 ° C. in a 5% by mass aqueous solution. However, the coating property was slightly inferior.
- the laminating conditions were fixed at a laminating speed of 1.0 m / min and a laminating pressure of 0.4 MPa, and the laminating roll temperature was varied between 80 ° C. and 120 ° C.
- Table 7 shows the results of thermal transferability evaluation. As for Examples 82 to 97 and Comparative Examples 17, 19, and 20, the results were AC.
- the component (D) is composed only of (D7) having a weight average molecular weight of 570.
- Example 88 performed using the composition of the second photosensitive layer in Example 75, the evaluation result was C.
- Examples 74, 76 to 81 constituted by (D1), (D2), (D10), (D11), and (D12) having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 12000 as the component (D).
- the evaluation result was A.
- the evaluation result was D about the comparative example 18 which uses the photosensitive resin composition of the comparative example 14 which does not contain (D) component.
- the component (D) contained in the second photosensitive layer is an important component for imparting the thermal transferability of the transfer film, and in particular, the weight average molecular weight of the second photosensitive layer is in the range of 1000 to 12,000. It was suggested that thermal transfer at low temperature is possible if a photosensitive resin composition containing the above is used.
- thermocompression bonding method A transfer film (Y-1, Y-3) composed of the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer shown in Table 7 is placed on an ITO film (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) having a transparent conductive film formed on both sides.
- ITO film manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation
- thermocompression bonding was performed to prepare a laminate in which the second photosensitive layer, the first photosensitive layer, and the PET were laminated in this order on the ITO film.
- the laminating conditions were as follows: laminating speed: 1.0 m / min, laminating pressure: 0.4 MPa, and laminating roll temperature was 120 ° C. Thereafter, exposure was performed at 450 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine having an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (HMW-801 manufactured by Oak Manufacturing Co., Ltd.), and then PET as a temporary support was peeled off. Thereafter, annealing was performed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer to obtain a sample of a cured film laminate (Z-1, Z-3) for adhesion evaluation.
- laminating speed 1.0 m / min
- laminating pressure 0.4 MPa
- laminating roll temperature was 120 ° C.
- exposure was performed at 450 mJ / cm 2 using an exposure machine having an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (HMW-801 manufactured by Oak Manufacturing Co., Ltd.), and then PET as a temporary support was peeled off. Thereafter, annealing was performed
- Example 72 containing (D1), (D2), (D5), (D10), (D11), and (D12) having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 12000 as component (D)
- Examples 81 to 87 and 89 to 97 using the photosensitive resin compositions of 74 to 76 and 81 to 81 good results were obtained in which the peeled portion was less than 5%.
- Examples 74 and 78 to 81 contain a water-soluble nitrogen-containing crosslinking agent such as urethane acrylate (D1) and blocked isocyanate (D12).
- Example 87 using these compositions as the second photosensitive layer. 89-94 and 97, almost no peeling was observed.
- Comparative Example 18 using the photosensitive resin composition of Comparative Example 14 containing no component (D) peeling occurred by 65% or more in the entire area (the result was D).
- the component (D) contained in the second photosensitive layer is an important component for imparting the substrate adhesion of the transfer film, and among them, the weight average molecular weight of the second photosensitive layer is 1000 to 12000. It was suggested that if the photosensitive resin composition containing a nitrogen-containing water-soluble crosslinking agent is used, the adhesion becomes very good.
- the reflectance was measured by the method described above. The reflectance was measured at three points.
- Comparative Example 18 the first and second photosensitive layers were partially peeled when the PET was peeled off in the process of preparing the cured film laminate, but the evaluation was performed using a portion that was not peeled off.
- Examples 82 to 85 the same photosensitive resin composition (Example 73) was used, and evaluation was performed by changing the film thickness of the second photosensitive layer. As a result, it was found that the thickness of the second photosensitive layer between 80 and 100 nm is effective for reducing the reflectance.
- the coating solution (V-1) was used at the time of forming the second photosensitive layer, and the second photosensitive composed of the components of Examples 72 to 81 and Comparative Example 14 was used.
- the refractive index of the layer is in the range of 1.60 to 1.64. In such a combination, the reflectance was less than 2.0% and good results were obtained. In particular, in Examples 82, 84, 85, 91 to 93, 95 to 97, and Comparative Example 18, the reflectance was less than 1.5%, so the refractive index of the second photosensitive layer was 1.61 to 1. It can be said that it is more preferable to be within the range of .64.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present application uses a solvent containing water as a main component, a clear interface can be formed at the time of preparing a two-layer transfer film, and a 5 mass% aqueous solution at 23 ° C. Since the surface tension is low, the applicability is also good, and it is considered that the touch panel visibility improving effect can be stably imparted.
- the second photosensitive layer contains (D-1) a nitrogen-containing crosslinking agent having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 10,000 and having at least two polymerizable functional groups in the molecule.
- D-1 a nitrogen-containing crosslinking agent having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 10,000 and having at least two polymerizable functional groups in the molecule.
- a two-layer transfer film comprising a first photosensitive layer and a second photosensitive layer was produced by the method described below.
- the photosensitive resin compositions of Examples 98 to 100 and Comparative Examples 21 to 23 shown in Table 8 for forming the second photosensitive layer were diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to give a coating solution having a solid content concentration of 5 mass% ( V-4) was prepared (Table 8).
- a 30 ⁇ m-thick polypropylene film manufactured by Oji F-Tex Co., Ltd.
- the coating solution (V-4) was uniformly applied on the protective film with a bar coater, and a hot air convection dryer at 100 ° C.
- a second photosensitive layer having a thickness of 100 nm.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film (Mitsubishi Chemical Polyester Film Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m was used as a temporary support, and a coating solution (W-1) for forming the first photosensitive layer was applied on the temporary support.
- the coating is uniformly applied using a bar coater, dried for 3 minutes in a 100 ° C. hot air convection dryer to remove the solvent, and the photosensitive resin composition layer (X-1) comprising the first photosensitive layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m is used. ) Was formed.
- the obtained protective film having the second photosensitive layer and the temporary support having the first photosensitive layer were combined with the first photosensitive layer using a laminator AL-70 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei).
- a two-layer transfer film (Y-4) was prepared by bonding at 25 ° C. so that the second photosensitive layer was in contact (Table 9, Examples 101 to 103, Comparative Examples 24 to 26).
- ⁇ Evaluation of refractive index> Using the protective film having the second photosensitive layer used in the production of the two-layer transfer film, a silicon wafer was thermocompression-bonded on a 6-inch silicon wafer using a laminator AL-70 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei). A laminate was produced in which a second photosensitive layer and a protective film were laminated in this order.
- the laminating conditions were laminating speed: 1.0 m / min, laminating roll temperature: 120 ° C., laminating pressure: 0.4 MPa. Then, it exposed at 450 mJ / cm ⁇ 2 > using the exposure machine (HMW-801 by Oak Seisakusho) which has an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp.
- the protective film was peeled off, and annealing was performed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot air convection dryer to obtain a sample for refractive index evaluation in which a second photosensitive layer was provided on a silicon wafer.
- the refractive index was measured by the method described above. In all of Examples 101 to 103 and Comparative Examples 24 to 26, the refractive index of the second photosensitive layer was 1.63 (Table 9).
- thermal transferability evaluation results were AB.
- thermal transferability evaluation result was A.
- Example 101 having a photosensitive resin composition (Example 100) containing a blocked isocyanate having a weight average molecular weight of 2800 in the second photosensitive layer, the thermal transferability was B.
- Comparative Example 26 having the photosensitive resin composition of Comparative Example 23 which does not contain a nitrogen-containing skeleton in the second photosensitive layer, the thermal transferability was slightly inferior (the result was C). ).
- the adhesion was evaluated by the method described above.
- the photosensitive resin compositions of Examples 98 and 99 and Comparative Examples 21 and 22 all contain urethane acrylate, but these photosensitive resin compositions are included in the second photosensitive layer.
- the thermal transferability evaluation results were AC.
- the photosensitive resin composition of Example 99 contained urethane acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 5700, but Example 102 containing this composition in the second photosensitive layer had very good adhesion ( The result is A).
- the photosensitive resin composition of Example 98 contains urethane acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 2100
- the adhesion was also good with respect to Example 101 containing this composition in the second photosensitive layer.
- the photosensitive resin composition of Comparative Example 24 contains urethane acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 1800
- the photosensitive resin composition of Comparative Example 25 contains urethane acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of 12100.
- the results were inferior to those of Examples 99 and 100 (result C).
- Example 100 contains the block isocyanate of the weight average molecular weight 2800
- Example 103 which contains this composition in a 2nd photosensitive layer
- adhesiveness was favorable ( The result is B).
- adhesion was not obtained with respect to Comparative Example 26 having the photosensitive resin composition of Comparative Example 23 which does not contain a nitrogen-containing skeleton in the second photosensitive layer.
- the thermal transferability and adhesion are extremely excellent. It has been found that a two-layer transfer film can be provided. It is thought that it can interact strongly with the underlying conductor by including a nitrogen atom such as urethane in the molecular skeleton.
- the nitrogen-containing crosslinking agent has a weight molecular weight of 10,000 or less. This is considered to be because when the weight average molecular weight is 2000 or more, the resin composition can be provided with appropriate toughness that can withstand adhesion evaluation.
- the two-layer transfer film ( Y-4) is produced.
- the components of the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer are mixed with each other in the subsequent thermal process (for example, thermocompression bonding process to ITO film, thermal curing process at 150 ° C.), the interface is blurred. Inferred.
- Example 104 As a result of observing the cross section of the cured film laminate by the above-described method, as for Example 104, three layers of a very thin organic layer on the conductor, a second cured layer filled with metal fine particles, and a first cured layer were formed. It turned out to be a structure.
- the value of (ZrL ⁇ + TiK ⁇ ) / CK ⁇ was calculated from the results of peak intensities derived from CK ⁇ , ZrL ⁇ , and TiK ⁇ detected by EDX measurement of each part of the three layers.
- the three-layer structure according to this embodiment is defined as follows.
- Ultrathin organic layer (ZrL ⁇ + TiK ⁇ ) / CK ⁇ ⁇ 0.5 Second cured layer: (ZrL ⁇ + TiK ⁇ ) /CK ⁇ 0.5 First cured layer: (ZrL ⁇ + TiK ⁇ ) / CK ⁇ ⁇ 0.5
- FIGS. Regarding Examples 105 and 106 and Comparative Example 27 it was also found that an ultrathin organic layer was present. Since these samples were prepared from a second photosensitive layer and a two-layer transfer film composed of the first photosensitive layer, the ultrathin organic layer was considered to have an uneven distribution of organic components derived from the second photosensitive layer. It is done. On the other hand, regarding Comparative Example 28, the presence of an ultrathin organic layer could not be confirmed.
- a cross-sectional sample was prepared by BIB processing, and SEM observation was performed, and the average film thickness within the same visual field was determined for each of the ultrathin organic layer and the second cured layer.
- the observation magnification was lowered
- SEM observation was performed for the two SEM cross-section samples described above for each level, and the average film thickness of the two results was obtained. The results are shown in Table 10. Furthermore, the relationship between the cross-sectional SEM observation image of the cured film laminated body for touch panels in the film thickness measurement of Example 104 and each layer which comprises a cured film laminated body is shown in FIG.
- Examples 104 to 106 and Comparative Example 27 an ultrathin organic layer having an average film thickness of 8 nm to 23 nm was observed.
- Comparative Example 28 an ultrathin organic layer could not be observed. From these results, it is considered that the average film thickness of the ultrathin organic layer has a correlation with the content of the component (D) contained in the composition of the second photosensitive layer.
- the second photosensitive layer constituting the cured film laminate of Example 105 contains 50% by mass of component (D), but the ultrathin organic layer is the thickest (26 nm). It was.
- Comparative Example 28 did not contain the component (D) in the second photosensitive layer, but the thickness of the ultrathin organic layer was 0.
- the ultrathin organic layer is derived from a water-soluble crosslinking agent.
- the thermal transferability evaluation and the adhesion evaluation were poor. Therefore, it is suggested that the presence of the ultrathin organic layer is an important factor that positively affects the thermal transferability and adhesion of the transfer film. It was done.
- the pinhole is a portion having a void having a diameter of 50 nm or more that is not filled with metal fine particles in the second hardened layer, and the remaining thickness of the second hardened layer is 0 to 10 nm. It is defined as an existing location.
- Observation magnification For portions where it was not possible to judge whether or not the definition of pinholes at x20k, it was possible to use observation at high magnification as necessary. SEM observation was performed for the two SEM cross-sectional samples described above for each level, and the average value of the number of pinholes of the two results was obtained. The results are shown in Table 10. Furthermore, about the cross-sectional SEM observation image of the cured film laminated body for touchscreens obtained by the comparative example 27, the enlarged observation image of a pinhole part is shown in FIG.
- the average number of pinholes per observation width of 5 ⁇ m was 1 or less.
- the average number of pinholes per observation width of 5 ⁇ m was 11.
- the second photosensitive layer (composition of Comparative Example 13) composing the cured film laminate of Comparative Example 27 has a surface tension of 44 mN / m at 23 ° C. in a 5% by mass aqueous solution. This is thought to be due to poor coatability.
- Comparative Example 30 a three-layer transfer film was used, and the average film thickness of the ultrathin organic layer was 63 nm in cross-sectional observation with SEM. Moreover, although the thermal transfer property and the adhesiveness were also favorable, this is considered to be an influence by the organic layer formed intentionally. On the other hand, Comparative Example 30 resulted in poor reflectivity.
- the two-layer transfer film according to the present invention is characterized by good thermal transfer and adhesion to the conductor of the substrate.
- a cured film for touch panel is used. It was found that there was an ultrathin organic layer between the conductor of the laminate and the second hardened layer, and this ultrathin organic layer was found to correlate with the above features.
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Abstract
Description
[1]
屈折率が1.60以上であり、少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤を含有し、かつ5質量%の固形分を有する水溶液として調製されたときの23℃における表面張力が40mN/m以下である、タッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物。
[2]
前記少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤の重量平均分子量が、1,000~12,000の範囲内である、[1]に記載のタッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物。
[3]
前記少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤は、ウレタン骨格を有する、[1]又は[2]に記載のタッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物。
[4]
仮支持体上に2層フィルムを備える転写フィルムであって、
前記2層フィルムは:
前記仮支持体に積層されており、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物から成る第1の感光層;及び
前記第1の感光層に積層されており、かつ[1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載のタッチパネル用水性感光樹脂組成物から成る第2の感光層;
で形成されている、
前記転写フィルム。
[5]
仮支持体上に、
・屈折率が1.48~1.56の範囲内であり、かつ膜厚が1μm~15μmの範囲内である第1の感光層;及び
・屈折率が1.60~1.75の範囲内であり、かつ膜厚が30nm~200nmの範囲内である第2の感光層;
をこの順に有し、かつ
前記第2の感光層に、
(D-1)重量平均分子量が2,000~10,000の範囲内であり、かつ分子内に少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する含窒素架橋剤
を含む、タッチパネル用転写フィルム。
[6]
前記含窒素架橋剤は、ウレタン骨格を有する、[5]に記載のタッチパネル用転写フィルム。
[7]
加速電圧30kVでの断面のSTEM-EDX測定において、導体上に、
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5未満である有機層;
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5以上である第2の硬化層;及び
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5未満である第1の硬化層;
をこの順に有し、断面のSEM観察において前記有機層の平均膜厚が5nm~50nmであり、前記第2の硬化層の平均膜厚が30nm~200nmであり、前記第1の硬化層の平均膜厚が1μm~15μmであり、かつ、第2の硬化層の幅5μmの領域あたりに存在するピンホールの平均数が1個以下である、タッチパネル用硬化膜積層体。
[8]
[7]に記載のタッチパネル用硬化膜積層体を有するタッチパネル表示装置。
[9]
(A)水溶性樹脂;
(B)2.0以上の屈折率を有する無機酸化物粒子;
(C)光重合開始剤;
(D)少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤;及び
(E)界面活性剤;
を含む水性感光樹脂組成物であって、
前記(A)水溶性樹脂は、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリ(メチルビニルエーテル)、ポリビニアルコール及びその誘導体、ポリオキシアルキレンオキサイド、ポリアクリル酸誘導体、ポリアクリルアミド、並びにセルロースから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの化合物であり、かつ
前記水性感光樹脂組成物100質量%に対して、40質量%以上の前記(B)無機酸化物粒子を含む、
前記水性感光樹脂組成物。
[10]
更に、(F)有機ケイ素化合物を含む、[9]に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
[11]
前記(F)有機ケイ素化合物が、少なくとも1つの重合性官能基を有する、[10]に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
[12]
仮支持体上に2層フィルムを備える転写フィルムであって、
前記2層フィルムは:
前記仮支持体に積層されており、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物から成る第1の感光層;及び
前記第1の感光層に積層されており、かつ[9]~[11]のいずれか1項に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物から成る第2の感光層;
で形成されている、
前記転写フィルム。
[13]
(A)水溶性樹脂;
(B)2.0以上の屈折率を有する無機酸化物粒子;
(C)光重合開始剤;及び
(D)少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤;
を含む水性感光樹脂組成物であって、
前記(A)水溶性樹脂は、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリ(メチルビニルエーテル)、ポリビニルアルコール及びその誘導体、ポリオキシアルキレンオキサイド、ポリアクリル酸誘導体、ポリアクリルアミド、並びにセルロース類から成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの化合物であり、
前記(D)水溶性架橋剤は、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート多官能ビニルモノマーであり、かつ
前記水性感光樹脂組成物100質量%に対して、40質量%以上70質量%以下の割合で前記(B)無機酸化物粒子を含む、
前記水性感光樹脂組成物。
[14]
更に、(E)界面活性剤を含む、[13]に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
[15]
更に、(F)有機ケイ素化合物を含む、[14]に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
[16]
前記(F)有機ケイ素化合物が、少なくとも1つの重合性官能基を有する、[15]に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
[17]
仮支持体上に2層フィルムを備える転写フィルムであって、
前記2層フィルムは:
前記仮支持体に積層されており、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物から成る第1の感光層;及び
前記第1の感光層に積層されており、かつ[13]~[16]のいずれか1項に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物から成る第2の感光層;
で形成されている、
前記転写フィルム。
[18]
前記2層フィルムの400nm~700nmにおける可視光透過率が、93%以上である、[12]に記載の転写フィルム。
[19]
前記2層フィルムのヘイズ値が、0.5%以下である、[12]又は[18]に記載の転写フィルム。
[20]
以下の工程(a)~(d):
(a)(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物を仮支持体に塗布して第1の感光層を形成し、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のタッチパネル用水性感光樹脂組成物を前記第1の感光層に塗布して第2の感光層を形成することによって、前記第1の感光層及び前記第2の感光層から成る2層フィルムを前記仮支持体上に形成して、前記2層フィルムから溶剤を除去して転写フィルムを得る転写フィルム作製工程;
(b)前記転写フィルムを基材に転写して、活性光線によりパターン状に露光する露光工程;
(c)前記転写フィルムの未露光部を水性現像液により除去して、前記転写フィルムを現像する現像工程;及び
(d)現像された前記転写フィルムが付いている前記基材を熱処理する熱処理工程;
をこの順に含む、樹脂パターンの製造方法。
[21]
[20]に記載の方法により製造された樹脂パターンを有するタッチパネル用硬化膜積層体。
[22]
[21]に記載のタッチパネル用硬化膜積層体を有するタッチパネル表示装置。
本発明の実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物とは、水を主成分とする溶媒に40℃において2質量%以上溶解、又は均一に分散する樹脂組成物である。水を主成分とする溶媒とは、水と水に溶解する有機溶媒の混合溶媒であり、その混合比率は水/有機溶媒の質量比率が100/0~50/50である。さらに、本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物は屈折率が1.60以上であり、5質量%の水溶液の23℃における表面張力が40mN/m以下であることを特徴とする。本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物を構成する各成分について、以下具体的に説明する。
本実施形態に係る水溶性樹脂は、23℃の水に対し2質量%以上溶解する樹脂(水100gに対して2g以上溶解する樹脂)又は均一に分散する樹脂である。水に対し2質量%以上溶解する樹脂の水溶解性は高い程好ましく、より詳細には、5質量%以上の水溶解性を示す水溶性樹脂が好ましい。樹脂の水への溶解性については、熱水に溶解させた後、23℃に冷却し、溶解状態が維持されている場合も本実施形態に係る水溶性樹脂の定義に含まれる。本実施形態における溶解は、樹脂を水へ溶解させた際に、目視で白濁、析出又は相分離が確認されることなく、樹脂が水へ溶解している状態として定義される。また、水中に均一に分散する樹脂とは、固形分濃度2質量%になるように水を添加し、23℃の環境下で24時間静置した後、目視で析出、沈降、又は相分離が確認されることのない樹脂である。これらの水溶性樹脂は単独または併用して用いることができる。
本実施形態に係る無機酸化物粒子の屈折率が2.0以上であると、水性感光樹脂組成物における無機酸化物粒子の含有量を低くしても、ITOの視認性を改善するために、ITO基材及び樹脂積層体の屈折率を調整することが十分に可能である。
本実施形態に係る光重合開始剤は、水性感光樹脂組成物に含まれる(B)無機酸化物粒子の分散を妨げないことが好ましい。光重合開始剤としては、例えば、2,2-ジエトキシアセトフェノン、2,4-ジエトキシアセトフェノン、1-(4-イソプロピルフェニル)-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチルプロパン-1-オン、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルホリノフェニル)-ブタン-1-オン、[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-プロピオフェノン(Irgacure2959(BASF(株)社製、商品名))等のアセトフェノン系光重合開始剤;ベンゾイン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ベンゾインエチルエーテル、ベンゾインイソプロピルエーテル、ベンジルジメチルケタール等のベンゾイン系光重合開始剤;ベンゾフェノン、ベンゾイル安息香酸、ベンゾイル安息香酸メチル、4-フェニルベンゾフェノン、ヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、アクリル化ベンゾフェノン、4-ベンゾイル-4’-メチルジフェニルサルファイド等のベンゾフェノン系光重合開始剤;1,2-オクタジオン,1-[4-(フェニルチオ)-2-(O-ベンゾイルオキシム)]、エタノン,1-[9-エチル-6-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9H-カルバゾール-3-イル]-,1-(O-アセチルオキシム)、PBG305(常州強力電子材料(株)社製、商品名)等のオキシムエステル系光重合開始剤;1-Irgacure754(BASF(株)社製、商品名)等の光重合開始剤混合物が挙げられる。光重合開始剤は、単独で、又は2種以上混合して用いることもできる。
本実施形態に係る水溶性架橋剤は、23℃の水に対し1質量%以上溶解する架橋剤(水100gに対して1g以上溶解する架橋剤)、又は均一に分散する架橋剤である。水溶性架橋剤の水に対する溶解性が高いほど好ましく、より詳細には、3質量%以上の水溶解性を示す水溶性架橋剤が好ましい。水溶性架橋剤は、架橋性の観点から、少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有することが好ましい。
で表されるビスフェノールA変性ポリアルキレンオキシジアクリレート、下記式(2):
多官能ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートとしては、UA-7100、UA-7200(新中村化学工業(株)社製)などの市販品を使用する事ができる。
本実施形態に係る界面活性剤は、水性感光樹脂組成物の基材への塗工性、塗布ムラ又は膜厚均一性を改善する観点から使用される。
本実施形態に係る有機ケイ素化合物は、水性感光樹脂組成物の基板(ガラス、ITO等)への良好な密着性をさらに向上させる観点から使用される。
本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて、可塑剤、充填剤、消泡剤、難燃剤、安定剤、酸化防止剤、香料、重合禁止剤等を、(A)~(E)成分の合計量100質量部に対し、各々約0.01質量部~約20質量部含有させることができる。これらは、単独で又は2種類以上を組み合わせて使用できる。
本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物は、タッチパネル用途等において、電極を有する基材上に感光層を形成するために使用されることができる。例えば、感光性樹脂組成物を溶媒に均一に溶解又は分散させて塗布液を調製し、基材上に塗布することで塗膜を形成し、乾燥により溶媒を除去することによって、感光層を形成することができる。
水性感光樹脂組成物を塗布する際に用いられる塗布液の溶媒としては、水の他、水と水溶性有機溶媒の混合物を用いることができる。水溶性有機溶媒としては、例えば、アルコール類、ポリオール類、セロソルブ、カルビトール、ケトン類等を用いることができる。これらの有機溶媒は、2種以上混合して使用してもよい。
ポリオール類としては、例えばエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、プロパンジオール、ブタンジオール、ペンタンジオール、ヘキサンジオール、グリセロール、ヘキサントリオール、ブタントリオール、ペトリオール、グリセリン等が挙げられる。
セロソルブとしては、例えばメトキシエタノール、エトキシエタノール、プロポキシエタノール、ブトキシエタノール等が挙げられる。
カルビトールとしては、例えばメトキシエトキシエタノール、エトキシエトキシエタノール、プロポキシエトキシエタノール、ブトキシエトキシエタノール等が挙げられる。
ケトン類としては、例えばアセトン、メチルエチルケトン、ジエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、ジアセトンアルコール等が挙げられる。
本実施形態に係る第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る2層フィルム及びその製造方法について説明する。本実施形態では、仮支持体上に、第1の感光層と第2の感光層で形成される2層転写フィルムも提供される。
感光層について上記で説明した塗工方法と同様に、PETフィルム等の仮支持体上に第1の感光層を形成し、感光層について上記で説明した乾燥条件と同様に乾燥を行う。
さらに、本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物(第2の感光層)を塗布液として用いて、同様の塗工方法により、仮支持体上に塗布された乾燥後の第1の感光層上に第2の感光層を形成し、同様に乾燥を行うことで、第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る2層転写フィルムを得ることができる。第1の感光層の構成成分としてはタッチパネル基材の配線に防錆効果を付与する観点で疎水性の化合物を配合することが好ましいため、水への溶解性が極めて低い。一方、第2の感光層を形成する水性感光樹脂組成物の溶媒は水を主成分にしているため、乾燥後の第1の感光層を溶解することなく塗布が可能である。したがって、2層転写フィルムにおける第1の感光層と第2の感光層の間には明確な界面を形成することができる。
第1の感光層は、アルカリ現像において樹脂パターンを形成する場合においては、(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含む感光樹脂組成物から形成されることができる。
第1の感光層の屈折率は、タッチパネルの視認性を向上させる観点から1.48~1.56の範囲内であることが好ましい。
第2の感光層は、本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物から成る感光層である。第2の感光層の厚みは、タッチパネルの視認性を向上させる観点から、乾燥後の厚みとして、30nm以上200nm以下であることが好ましく、70nm以上120nm以下であることがより好ましく、80nm以上100nm以下であることが特に好ましい。
第2の感光層の屈折率は、タッチパネルの視認性を向上させる観点から、1.60~1.75の範囲内であることが好ましい。
PETフィルム等の透明な仮支持体上に、(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物を含有する塗布液を、乾燥後の厚みが15μm以下となるように塗布し、これを乾燥することにより、第1の感光層を形成する。
次に、第1の感光層に、本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物を含有する塗布液を、乾燥後の厚みが1μm以下となるように塗布し、これを乾燥することにより、第2の感光層を形成する。こうして得られた2層転写フィルムを、ガラス基板上に、感光層が接するようにラミネーターを用いて熱圧着して、ガラス基板上に、感光層及び仮支持体が積層された測定用試料を得る。
次に、得られた測定用試料に紫外線を照射して感光層を光硬化させた後に、得られた保護膜(感光層の硬化物)について、紫外可視分光光度計を用いて、測定波長域400nm~700nmにおける透過率を測定する。
保護フィルムとしては、重合体フィルムを用いることができる。重合体フィルムとしては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、及びポリエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体とポリエチレンとの積層フィルム等から成るフィルムが挙げられる。
本実施形態に係るタッチパネル用硬化膜積層体について説明する。先述の2層転写フィルムを、タッチパネル用電極を有する基材上に熱圧着して、基材上の電極(導体)から順に第2の感光層、及び第1の感光層から成る保護膜を設ける。この用途の場合においても、保護膜は、2層フィルムについて上記で説明した膜厚、可視光線透過率及びCIELAB表色系でのb*の条件を満たすことが好ましい。
タッチパネル用電極を有するタッチパネル用基材上に、上記の第1の感光層及び第2の感光層から成る保護膜を設ける第1工程;
保護膜の所定部分を活性光線の照射により硬化させる第2工程;
活性光線の照射後に、保護膜の所定部分以外の部分(保護膜の活性光線が照射されていない部分)を除去し、電極の一部又は全部を被覆するように、保護膜の所定部分の硬化物から成るパターンニングされた保護膜を形成する第3工程;及び
パターンニングされた保護膜を設けたタッチパネル用基材を熱処理する第4工程;
を含む。タッチパネル用硬化膜積層体の製造方法は、限定されるものではないが、第1工程、第2工程、第3工程及び第4工程をこの順に含むことができる。
さらに、酸処理(中和処理)の後、光硬化後の2層フィルムを水洗する工程を行うこともできる。
導体上に、
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5未満である極薄有機層;
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5以上である第2の硬化層;及び
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5未満である第1の硬化層;
をこの順に有しており、また、断面のSEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)観察において、第2の硬化層の幅5μmの領域あたりに存在するピンホールの平均数が、1個以下である事が判明した。
以下の工程(a)~(d):
(a)(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物を仮支持体に塗布して第1の感光層を形成し、本実施形態に係る水性感光樹脂組成物を第1の感光層に塗布して第2の感光層を形成することによって、第1の感光層及び第2の感光層から成る2層フィルムを仮支持体上に形成して、2層フィルムから溶剤を除去して転写フィルムを得る転写フィルム作製工程;
(b)溶剤が除去された転写フィルムを基材に転写して、活性光線によりパターン状に露光する露光工程;
(c)転写フィルムの未露光部を水性現像液により除去して、転写フィルムを現像する現像工程;及び
(d)現像された転写フィルムが付いている基材を熱処理する熱処理工程;
をこの順に含む方法により樹脂パターンを製造することができる。
なお、実施例中で使用した(D)水溶性架橋剤、(D-1)分子内に少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する含窒素架橋剤については、表5に示す。
<水性感光樹脂組成物の調製>
下記表1、2及び6に示す材料をそれぞれ250mlのプラスチックボトルに量り取り、固形分濃度が5質量%となるようにイオン交換水を投入し、攪拌機を用いて2時間に亘って溶解・混合を行って、第2の感光層を形成するための水性感光樹脂組成物の塗布液(V-1)をそれぞれ調製した(実施例1~34及び72~81、比較例1~6及び13~15)。イオン交換水にほとんど溶解しない有機ケイ素化合物(KBM-503、KBM-803)を用いた場合(実施例10及び14)においては、イオン交換水の一部をエタノールに置換して、組成物を調整した(表1及び2参照)。
計量皿:アルミホイールシャーレ 品番2001(東京硝子器械社製)
容量12mL、下径39mmφ
オーブン:強制熱風循環・換気方式オーブンSPH-202((株)エスペック社製)
温度条件:ステップ1:40℃保持 10分
ステップ2:40→80℃昇温 8分
ステップ3:80℃保持 60分
あらかじめ重量を測定した計量皿上に塗布液(V-1)1gを秤量し、重量を測定した(各水準につき3個分のサンプルを準備)。その後、上記のオーブン内で、上記温度条件下にて塗布液の溶媒を乾燥した後、計量皿を取り出し、取り出してから30秒後に重量を測定し、熱履歴前後での重量変化から固形分濃度(n=3の平均値)を算出したところ、固形分濃度は、いずれも5±0.1質量%の範囲内であった。
固形分濃度5質量%に調製した水性感光樹脂組成物の塗布液(V-1)を23℃の恒温環境下にて24時間保管した。この塗布液(V-1)について、LSE-B100(株式会社ニック製)を用いて表面張力を測定した(ペンダントドロップ式)。表面張力の値は、23℃の環境下で液滴を作製してから2分後の値を、少なくとも3回測定し、表面張力の平均値を求めた。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
装置 :ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(日本分光(株)社製)
ポンプ:Gulliver、PU-1580型
カラム:昭和電工(株)製Shodex(登録商標)(KF-802.5/KF-802/KF-802/KF-801)4本直列
カラム温度:40℃
測定流量:1.0mL/min
移動層溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン
検量線:ポリスチレン標準サンプルを用いて規定された検量線
水溶性又は非水溶性架橋剤成分の重量平均分子量測定結果を表5に示す。
塗布液(V-1)を40℃に加熱したオーブンに3日間放置した後に、塗布液(V-1)の濁り、析出物発生の有無の確認を行った(実施例1~34、比較例1~6(調合時に均一な塗布液を得ることができなかった比較例2及び比較例5は除く))。以下の評点に従って保存安定性を評価した。評価結果を下記表3に示す。
A:濁り(相分離も含む)、析出物ともになし
B:濁り(相分離も含む)あり
C:析出物あり
D:濁り(相分離も含む)、析出物ともにあり
塗布液(V-1)をミカサコーター(ミカサ社製 1H-360S)で6インチ・シリコンウェハーにスピン塗布(300rpmで2秒+500rpmで5秒+1000rpmで10秒のプログラム運転:乾燥後塗膜厚100nmを目的とする)し、ホットプレート上100℃で90秒間プリベークして、塗膜を得た。得られた塗膜を目視で観察し、以下の評点に従って塗布性を評価した。
A: シリコンウェハー全面積に対し、未塗布箇所の総面積が1%未満
B: シリコンウェハー全面積に対し、未塗布箇所の総面積が1%以上、5%未満
C: シリコンウェハー全面積に対し、未塗布箇所の総面積が5%以上
D: 塗布液に溶け残り成分があり評価不能
塗布液(V-1)をミカサコーター(ミカサ社製 1H-360S)で6インチ・シリコンウェハーにスピン塗布し、ホットプレート上100℃で90秒間プリベークして、膜厚が100nm±5nmとなるように調整して、塗膜を得た。塗膜を、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光し、その後、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、屈折率評価用のサンプルを得た。
上記で得られたサンプルを、高速分光エリプソメーター(J.A.Woolam JAPAN社製 M-2000)を用いて、屈折率パラメーターA,B,Cを得て、下記式を用いて550nmの波長における屈折率を求めた(実施例1~34、比較例1~6(調合時に均一な塗布液を得ることができなかった比較例2及び比較例5は除く))。
屈折率 = A+B/λ+(C/λ)2
{式中、λは、波長を表す}
評価結果を下記表1~表3に示す。
塗布液(V-1)をミカサコーター(ミカサ社製 1H-360S)で両面に透明導電膜が形成されたITOフィルム(日東電工社製)にスピン塗布し、ホットプレート上100℃で90秒間プリベークして、膜厚が100nm±5nmとなるように調整した。得られた塗膜を、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光し、その後、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分アニーリングを行い、密着性評価用のサンプルを得た。
上記で得られたサンプルを、JIS規格 K5400を参考に、100マスのクロスカット試験を実施した。試験面にカッターナイフを用いて、1×1mm四方の碁盤目の切り傷を入れ、碁盤目部分にメンディングテープ#810(スリーエム(株)製)を強く圧着させ、テープの端をほぼ0°の角度でゆっくりと引き剥がした後、碁盤目の状態を観察し、以下の評点に従ってクロスカット密着性を評価した(実施例1~34、比較例1~6(調合時に均一な塗布液を得ることができなかった比較例2及び比較例5は除く)。評価結果を下記表3に示す。
A:全面積中、ほぼ剥がれなし
B:全面積中、5%未満で剥がれがある
C:全面積中、5~15%の剥がれがある
D:全面積中、15~35%の剥がれがある
E:全面積中、35~65%の剥がれがある
F:全面積中、65%以上の剥がれがある
塗布液(V-1)をミカサコーター(ミカサ社製 1H-360S)で両面に透明導電膜が形成されたITOフィルム(日東電工社製)にスピン塗布し、ホットプレート上100℃で120秒間プリベークして、膜厚が1.5μmとなるように調整して、塗膜を得た。塗膜を、露光部と未露光部の幅が1:1の比率のラインパターンマスクを用い、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、100mJ/cm2で露光した。その後、30℃で1.0質量%の炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を所定時間スプレーし、イオン交換水でリンスし、塗膜の未露光部分を溶解除去した。この際、未露光部分が完全に溶解するのに要する最も少ない時間を最小現像時間とし、実際の現像時間は最小現像時間の2倍で現像を行った。以下の評点に従って解像性評価の評価をした。評価結果を下記表3に示す。
A:解像度50μm未満
B:解像度60μm未満
C:解像度70μm未満
D:解像度80μm以上
E:パターニング不可
次に第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る転写フィルムを作製するため、まず第1の感光層用の感光樹脂組成物を調製した。
撹拌機、還流冷却器、不活性ガス導入口及び温度計を備えたフラスコに、エチルメチルケトンを100質量%仕込み、窒素ガス雰囲気下で60℃に昇温し、メタクリル酸20質量%、メタクリル酸ベンジル80質量%、アゾ系重合開始剤(和光純薬社製、V-601)を2時間かけて均一に滴下した。滴下後、60℃で24時間撹拌を続け、(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位が20質量%、重量平均分子量が約43,000、酸価が130mgKOH/gのバインダーポリマーの溶液(固形分50質量%)を得た。
装置 :ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(日本分光(株)社製)
ポンプ:Gulliver、PU-1580型
カラム:昭和電工(株)製Shodex(登録商標)(KF-807、KF-806M、KF-806M、KF-802.5)4本直列
移動層溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン
検量線:ポリスチレン標準サンプルを用いて規定された検量線
酸価は、次のようにして測定した。まず、バインダーポリマーの溶液を、130℃で1時間加熱し、揮発分を除去して、固形分を得た。そして、酸価を測定すべきポリマー1.0gを精秤した後、精秤したポリマーを三角フラスコに入れ、ポリマーにアセトンを30g添加し、これを均一に溶解した。次いで、指示薬であるフェノールフタレインをその溶液に適量添加して、0.1NのKOH水溶液を用いて滴定を行った。そして、バインダーポリマーのアセトン溶液を中和するのに必要なKOHのmg数を算出することにより、酸価を求めた。
上記で合成したバインダーポリマー溶液を含む、以下に示す材料を250mlのプラスチックボトルに量り取り、固形分濃度が45質量%となるようにエチルメチルケトンを投入し、攪拌機を用いて2時間溶解・混合を行って感光樹脂組成物を得た。その後、感光樹脂組成物を3μmのフィルターに通し、第1の感光層を形成するための塗布液(W-1)を調製した。
・バインダーポリマー:56.3質量%
上記で合成したメタクリル酸/ベンジルメタクリレート共重合体(共重合比率:20/80)
重量平均分子量:43,000
酸価:130mgKOH/g
・光重合開始剤:0.7質量%
PBG305(商品名、常州強力電子新材料社製)
・光重合性化合物:合計43質量%
TMPT(商品名、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、新中村化学工業社製)23質量%
BPE-200(商品名、新中村化学工業社製)20質量%
塗布液(W-1)をミカサコーター(ミカサ社製 1H-360S)で6インチ・シリコンウェハーにスピン塗布し、ホットプレート上100℃で180秒間プリベークして、膜厚が10μmとなるように調整して塗膜を得た。塗膜を、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光し、その後、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、屈折率評価用のサンプルを得た。
上記で得られたサンプルを、高速分光エリプソメーター(J.A.Woolam JAPAN社製 M-2000)を用いて、屈折率パラメーターA,B,Cを得て、下記式を用いて550nmの波長における屈折率を求めた。
屈折率 = A+B/λ+(C/λ)2
{式中、λは、波長を表す}
得られた屈折率は1.55であった。
仮支持体として厚さ16μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(三菱化学ポリエステルフィルム株式会社製)を使用した。上記で得られた第1の感光層を形成するための塗布液(W-1)を、仮支持体上にバーコーターを用いて均一に塗布し、100℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で3分間乾燥して溶媒を除去し、最後に保護フィルム(厚さ12μmのポリプロピレンフィルム)を圧着し、厚さ10μmの第1の感光層から成る感光性樹脂組成物層(X-1)を形成した。
転写フィルム(X-1)から保護フィルムを剥離し、厚さ1mmのガラス基板上にラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて熱圧着して、ガラス基板上に第1の感光層、PET仮支持体の順に積層された積層体を作製した。ラミネート条件は、ラミネート速度:1.0m/分、ラミネートロール温度:100℃、ラミネート圧力:0.4MPaであった。その後、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光した。その後、PET仮支持体を剥離し、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、ガラス基板上に第1の感光層を設けた積層体を作製した。次いで、前記積層体のヘイズをJIS K7136の規格に準じ、ヘイズメーター(日本電飾工業社製 日本電飾濁度計NDH2000)を用いて測定した。ヘイズの値は0.4%であった。
ヘイズ値の測定に用いた前記積層体を用いて、前記積層体の透過率測定を行った。透過率測定は、400nm~700nmにおける全透過率をJIS K7361-1の規格に準じ、UV分光器(日立ハイテクサイエンス社製 U-3010)を用いて測定した。400nm~700nmにおける透過率は94.8%であった。
次に第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る感光性樹脂積層体を作製した。仮支持体として厚さ16μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(三菱化学ポリエステルフィルム株式会社製)を使用した。上記で得られた第1の感光層を形成するための塗布液(W-1)を、仮支持体上にバーコーターを用いて均一に塗布し、100℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で3分間乾燥して溶媒を除去し、厚さ10μmの第1の感光層から成る感光性樹脂組成物層(X-1)を形成した。
なお、実施例25の塗布液を使用して感光性樹脂積層体を作製する際に、界面活性剤の含有量が少なく、5質量%水溶液の23℃における表面張力が高いために、感光性樹脂組成物層(X-1)上で塗布液のごくわずかなはじきが観察された。比較例6の塗布液においては、感光性樹脂組成物層(X-1)上で大きなはじきが確認され、良好な転写フィルムを得ることができなかった。
上記のようなバーコーター、及びドクターブレードコーティング法、マイヤーバーコーティング法、ロールコーティング法、スクリーンコーティング法、スピナーコーティング法、インクジェットコーティング法、ディップコーティング法、グラビアコーティング法、カーテンコーティング法、ダイコーティング法などで塗布を行う際に、上記の明確な界面形成には、塗布液(V-1)及び塗布液(W-1)に使用する溶媒のSP値が大きく異なる必要がある。
保護フィルムを剥離した前記転写フィルム(Y-1~Y-3、及びX-1)を、ラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて、両面に透明導電膜が形成されたITOフィルム(日東電工社製)上に熱圧着し、両面に透明導電膜が形成されたITOフィルムの両面上に、第2の感光層、第1の感光層、PET仮支持体の順に積層された積層体を作製した。ラミネート条件は、ラミネート速度:1.0m/分、ラミネートロール温度:100℃、ラミネート圧力:0.4MPaであった。
次に、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光した。その後、PET仮支持体を剥離し、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、ITO両面上に、第1の感光層と第2の感光層を設けるか、又は第1の感光層のみを設けた積層体(Z-1~Z-4)を作製した。積層体(Z-1)は転写フィルム(Y-1)を用いて作製されたものであり、積層体(Z-2)は転写フィルム(Y-2)を用いて作製されたものであり、積層体(Z-3)は転写フィルム(Y-3)を用いて作製されたものであり、積層体(Z-4)は転写フィルム(X-1)を用いて作製されたものである。Z-1~Z-3の模式的な断面図を図2に示す。Z-1~Z-3は、PET仮支持体(図示せず)、第1の感光層(1)、第2の感光層(2)、両面にITOが製膜されたフィルム(4)、第2の感光層(2)、第1の感光層(1)、及びPET仮支持体(図示せず)がこの順に積層された積層構造を有する。
上記で作成した積層体(Z-1~Z-4)の片面に透明接着テープ(スリーエム社製、商品名、OCAテープ8171CL)を介して、黒色のアクリル板を貼り合せ、サンプルの最裏面からの反射又は裏面側からの光の入射がほとんどない状態で、日立ハイテク社製の分光光度計「U-4100」(商品名)の積分球測定モードを用いて、分光反射率(鏡面反射率+拡散反射率)を測定し、D65光源/2°視野の全反射率(Y値)を計算により求めた(実施例37~実施例71、比較例7~12)。測定は各水準につき3ポイントずつ行い、以下の評点に従って解像性評価の評価をした。評価結果を下記表4に示す。ITOフィルムそのものを同様の条件で測定した反射率は3.3%であった。
A:反射率1.5%未満
B:反射率1.5%以上~2.0%未満
C:反射率2.0%以上~2.5%未満
D:反射率2.5%以上
全反射率が1.5%未満であれば、ITOの視認性は明確な改善効果が確認できる。比較例12においては、転写フィルム(X-1)上に塗布した塗布液(V-1)の表面張力が高く、塗工ムラが発生したため、測定数3点での測定結果にばらつきが生じた(評点B~D)。
上記で作製した転写フィルム(Y-1~Y-3)を、厚さ1mmのガラス基板上にラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて熱圧着して、ガラス基板上に第2の感光層、第1の感光層、PET仮支持体の順に積層された積層体を作製した。ラミネート条件は、ラミネート速度:1.0m/分、ラミネートロール温度:100℃、ラミネート圧力:0.4MPaであった。その後、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光した。その後、PET仮支持体を剥離し、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、ガラス基板上に第1の感光層と第2の感光層を設けた積層体を作製した。次いで、前記積層体のヘイズをJIS K7136の規格に準じ、ヘイズメーター日本電飾濁度計NDH2000(日本電飾工業社製)を用いて測定した(実施例37~71、比較例7~12)。評価結果を下記表4に示す。
ヘイズ値の測定に用いた前記積層体を用いて、前記積層体の透過率測定を行った。透過率測定は、400nm~700nmにおける全透過率をJIS K7361-1の規格に準じ、UV分光器(日立ハイテクサイエンス社製 U-3010)を用いて測定した(実施例37~71、比較例7~12)。以下の評点に従って解像性評価の評価をした。評価結果を下記表4に示す。
A:透過率94%以上
B:透過率92%以上
C:透過率90%以上
D:透過率90%未満
次に熱圧着性、及び基材への密着性に優れた転写フィルムを作製するため、前述の第1の感光層用の感光樹脂組成物塗布液(W-1)と後述する感光性樹脂組成物塗布液(W-2)を用いた。
撹拌機、還流冷却器、不活性ガス導入口及び温度計を備えたフラスコに、エチルメチルケトンを100質量%仕込み、窒素ガス雰囲気下で60℃に昇温し、メタクリル酸20質量%、アクリル酸エチル80質量%、アゾ系重合開始剤(和光純薬社製、V-601)を2時間かけて均一に滴下した。滴下後、60℃で24時間撹拌を続け、(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位が20質量%、重量平均分子量が40,000、酸価が130mgKOH/gのバインダーポリマーの溶液(固形分50質量%)を得た。重量平均分子量、酸価は前述の方法で求めた。
上記で合成したバインダーポリマー溶液を含む、以下に示す材料を250mlのプラスチックボトルに量り取り、固形分濃度が45質量%となるようにエチルメチルケトンを投入し、攪拌機を用いて2時間溶解・混合を行って感光樹脂組成物を得た。その後、感光樹脂組成物を3μmのフィルターに通し、第1の感光層を形成するための塗布液(W-2)を調製した。
・バインダーポリマー:56.3質量%
上記で合成したメタクリル酸/アクリル酸エチル共重合体(共重合比率:20/80)
重量平均分子量:40,000
酸価:130mgKOH/g
・光重合開始剤:0.7質量%
PBG305(商品名、常州強力電子新材料社製)
・光重合性化合物:合計43質量%
TMPT(商品名、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、新中村化学工業社製)23質量%
BPE-200(商品名、新中村化学工業社製)20質量%
塗布液(W-2)を用いて得られた硬化膜の屈折率を前述の方法で測定したところ、得られた屈折率は1.51であった。
仮支持体として厚さ16μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(三菱化学ポリエステルフィルム株式会社製)を使用した。上記で得られた第1の感光層を形成するための塗布液(W-1又はW-2)を、仮支持体上にバーコーターを用いて均一に塗布し、100℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で3分間乾燥して溶媒を除去し、厚さ5、10、15μmの第1の感光層から成る感光性樹脂組成物層(X-1又はX-2)を形成した。
次いで、第2の感光層を形成するための塗布液(V-1:表6の実施例72~81、比較例13~15)を、上記感光性樹脂組成物層(X-1又はX-2)上にバーコーターを使用して均一に塗布し、100℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で4分間乾燥して溶媒を除去し、厚さ60~120nmの第2の感光層(感光性樹脂組成物層)を形成し、最後に保護フィルム(厚さ12μmポリプロピレンフィルム)を圧着し、第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る転写フィルム(Y-1)を作製した。また、比較例16においては、比較例13の塗布液(V-1)の溶媒であるイオン交換水を全てメタノールに置換した塗布液(V-3)を用いて2層の転写フィルム(Y-3)を作製した(表7)。
得られた2層転写フィルム(実施例82~97、比較例17~20)を5mm□に切り、50mLのプラスチック容器に入れ、イオン交換水を投入し、40℃で30分間攪拌した。この後、転写フィルムの溶け残りをろ取して、第2の感光層の水溶液を得た。溶解前後の第2の感光層の膜厚を測定したところ、実施例82~97、比較例17~20のいずれも膜厚が75%以上減膜(水に溶解)していることが確認された。この水溶液の固形分濃度は前述の方法で測定し、5.0±0.1質量%になるように水溶液を調製した。この5質量%に調製した水溶液のの表面張力測定は先述の方法で行った。表面張力測定結果を表7に示す。実施例82~97、比較例17~19に関しては、2層フィルム作製時に用いた5質量%の塗布液(V-1)と2層転写フィルムの第2の感光層を溶解した5質量%水溶液の23℃における表面張力の結果はほぼ同じ値であった。また、比較例17と比較例20は2層転写フィルム作製時の塗布液が異なる(比較例17:V-1、比較例20:V-3を使用)ものの同一の第2の感光層の組成成分を使用しているが、2層転写フィルムの第2の感光層を溶解した5質量%水溶液の23℃における表面張力は同じ値となった。
第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る転写フィルム(Y-1、Y-3)を6インチ・シリコンウェハー上にラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて熱圧着して、シリコンウェハー上に第2の感光層、第1の感光層、PET仮支持体の順に積層された積層体(Z-1、Z-3)を作製した。ラミネート条件は、ラミネート速度:1.0m/分、ラミネートロール温度:120℃、ラミネート圧力:0.4MPaであった。その後、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光した。その後、PET仮支持体を剥離し、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、シリコンウェハー上に第1の感光層と第2の感光層を設けた屈折率評価用のサンプルを得た。屈折率測定は前述の方法で測定した。
なお、塗布液(V-1)の5質量%水溶液の23℃における表面張力が40mN/mを超える系(比較例17)については、屈折率の測定時のみ、塗布液の溶媒であるイオン交換水全100質量%のうち50質量%分をメタノールに置換し、溶液の表面張力を下げた塗布液(V-2)を用いて屈折率測定用サンプルを作製し、屈折率を測定した。
屈折率測定結果を表7に示す。
得られた転写フィルムを目視で観察し、以下の評点に従って塗布性を評価した。
A: 第2の感光層の未塗工部が5cm角あたり1個未満
B: 第2の感光層の未塗工部が5cm角あたり1個以上3個未満
C: 第2の感光層の未塗工部が5cm角あたり3個以上
第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る転写フィルム(Y-1、Y-3)を、両面に透明導電膜が形成されたITOフィルム(日東電工社製)上にラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて熱圧着して、ITOフィルム上に第2の感光層、第1の感光層、PETの順に積層された積層体を作製した。この際、ラミネート条件は、ラミネート速度:1.0m/分、ラミネート圧力:0.4MPaで固定し、ラミネートロール温度は80~120℃の間を20℃刻みで変動させた。その後、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、80mJ/cm2で露光し、その後、PET仮支持体を剥離し、第1の感光層及び第2の感光層の剥がれ有無を目視で観察した。熱転写性は以下の評点に従って評価した。A~Cであれば実用上の問題はないが、感光性組成物の感光性能、現像性能の保持、及びITOフィルムの寸法安定性の観点で、A、Bが好ましい。
A: 80℃のラミネート条件にてPET剥離時に感光層の剥がれなし。
B: 100℃のラミネート条件にてPET剥離時に感光層の剥がれなし。
C: 120℃のラミネート条件にてPET剥離時に感光層の剥がれなし。
D: 120℃のラミネート条件においてもPET剥離時に感光層の剥がれあり。
表7に記した第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る転写フィルム(Y-1、Y-3)を、両面に透明導電膜が形成されたITOフィルム(日東電工社製)上にラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて熱圧着して、ITOフィルム上に第2の感光層、第1の感光層、PETの順に積層された積層体を作製した。この際ラミネート条件は、ラミネート速度:1.0m/分、ラミネート圧力:0.4MPaで固定し、ラミネートロール温度は120℃とした。その後、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光した後、仮支持体であるPETを剥離した。その後、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、密着性評価用の硬化膜積層体(Z-1、Z-3)のサンプルを得た。
密着性評価は前述の方法で行った。比較例18に関してはPET剥離時に第1、第2の感光層に部分的な剥がれが生じたが、剥がれていない部位を用いて評価を行った。
密着性評価の結果を表7に示す。実施例82~97、比較例17、19、20に関しては剥がれた部位の面積が15%未満(A~C)と総じて良好な結果となった。実施例75の感光性組成物の(D)成分は重量平均分子量が500の(D7)のみで構成されている。この実施例75の感光性樹脂組成物を用いて実施した実施例88は評価結果がCとなった。また、(D)成分として重量平均分子量が1000~12000の範囲内にある(D1)、(D2)、(D5)、(D10)、(D11)、(D12)を含有している実施例72~74、76~81の感光性樹脂組成物を用いている実施例81~87、89~97については、剥がれの部位が5%未満の良好な結果となった。また、実施例74、78~81にはウレタンアクリレート(D1)やブロックイソシアネート(D12)といった水溶性含窒素架橋剤を含んでいるが、第2の感光層としてこれらの組成を用いた実施例87、89~94、97については、ほぼ剥がれが観察されなかった。一方、(D)成分を含有しない比較例14の感光性樹脂組成物を用いている比較例18については全面積中65%以上剥がれが発生した(結果はD)。これらの結果から、第2の感光層に含有する(D)成分は転写フィルムの基材密着性を付与するために重要な成分であり、中でも第2の感光層に重量平均分子量が1000~12000の範囲内及び/又は含窒素水溶性架橋剤を含む感光性樹脂組成物、を用いれば密着性が非常に良好になることが示唆された。
前記密着性評価サンプルの作製方法と同様に熱圧着法で作製したITOフィルム上に第2の感光層、第1の感光層をこの順に有する硬化膜積層体(Z-1、Z-3)を用いて先述の方法で反射率の測定を行った。反射率は3点で測定した。比較例18に関しては硬化膜積層体作製過程のPET剥離時に第1、第2の感光層に部分的な剥がれが生じたが、剥がれていない部位を用いて評価を行った。
また、第1の感光層の屈折率が1.55である実施例82、91、93と第1の感光層の屈折率が1.51である実施例95~97については、いずれも反射率は1.5%未満となり、差異は確認されなかった。
比較例17は第2の感光層塗布性が悪く塗工欠点が多発していたため、反射率の結果はばらついており(A~C)、視認性向上効果を安定して付与できないことが判った。
比較例19は第2の感光層の屈折率が1.60未満であり、反射率低減効果がほとんど得られない結果となった。
比較例13の感光性樹脂組成物の塗布液(V-1)の溶媒を水からメタノールに置換した塗布液(V-3)に変えた比較例16の感光性樹脂組成物を用いた比較例20については、反射率が2.5%以上という悪い結果となった。これは2層転写フィルム作製時、塗布液の溶媒をメタノールに置換した場合、メタノールが第1の感光層を溶解し、明確な界面が形成できなかったためと推察される。
以下に示す方法で第1の感光層と第2の感光層から成る2層転写フィルムを作製した。
第2の感光層を形成するための表8に示した実施例98~100、比較例21~23の感光性樹脂組成物をメチルエチルケトンで希釈して、固形分濃度が5質量%の塗布液(V-4)を調製した(表8)。保護フィルムとして厚さ30μmのポリプロピレンフィルム(王子エフテックス株式会社製)を使用し、前記塗布液(V-4)を保護フィルム上にバーコーターで均一に塗布し、100℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で2分間乾燥して溶媒を除去し、厚さ100nmの第2の感光層を形成した。一方、仮支持体として厚さ16μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(三菱化学ポリエステルフィルム株式会社製)を使用し、第1の感光層を形成するための塗布液(W-1)を、仮支持体上にバーコーターを用いて均一に塗布し、100℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で3分間乾燥して溶媒を除去し、厚さ10μmの第1の感光層から成る感光性樹脂組成物層(X-1)を形成した。次いで、得られた第2の感光層を有する保護フィルムと、第1の感光層を有する仮支持体とを、ラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて、第1の感光層と第2の感光層が接するように25℃で貼り合せて2層転写フィルム(Y-4)を作製した(表9、実施例101~103、比較例24~26)。
上記2層転写フィルム作製時に使用した第2の感光層を有する保護フィルムを用いて、6インチ・シリコンウェハー上にラミネーターAL-70(旭化成製、商品名)を用いて熱圧着して、シリコンウェハー上に第2の感光層、保護フィルムの順に積層された積層体を作製した。ラミネート条件は、ラミネート速度:1.0m/分、ラミネートロール温度:120℃、ラミネート圧力:0.4MPaであった。その後、超高圧水銀灯を有する露光機(オーク製作所製 HMW-801)を用いて、450mJ/cm2で露光した。その後、保護フィルムを剥離し、熱風対流式乾燥機を用いて150℃で30分間のアニーリングを行い、シリコンウェハー上に第2の感光層を設けた屈折率評価用のサンプルを得た。屈折率は前述の方法で測定した。実施例101~103、比較例24~26のいずれも第2の感光層の屈折率は1.63であった(表9)。
2層転写フィルム(Y-4)を用いて前述の方法で熱転写性評価を行った。実施例98、99、比較例21、22の感光性樹脂組成物中にはいずれもウレタンアクリレートを含有しているが、これらの感光性樹脂組成物を第2の感光層に有している実施例101、102、比較例24、25に関して、熱転写性評価結果はいずれもA~Bであった。特に重量平均分子量が2000~10000の範囲内のウレタンアクリレートを含有している実施例101、102については熱転写性評価結果がAであった。重量平均分子量が2800であるブロックイソシアネートを含む感光性樹脂組成物(実施例100)を第2の感光層に有している実施例101に関しても、熱転写性はBという結果が得られた。一方、含窒素の骨格を含有していない比較例23の感光性樹脂組成物を第2の感光層に有している比較例26に関しては、熱転写性が少し劣る結果となった(結果はC)。
2層転写フィルム(Y-4)を用いて、前述の熱圧着法で同様に密着性評価サンプルを作製した。
前述の方法で密着性評価を行った。実施例98、99、比較例21、22の感光性樹脂組成物中にはいずれもウレタンアクリレートを含有しているが、これらの感光性樹脂組成物を第2の感光層に有している実施例101、102、比較例24、25に関して、熱転写性評価結果はA~Cであった。実施例99の感光性樹脂組成物には重量平均分子量が5700のウレタンアクリレートを含んでいるが、この組成物を第2の感光層に含む実施例102は非常に密着性が良好であった(結果はA)。また、実施例98の感光性樹脂組成物には重量平均分子量が2100のウレタンアクリレートを含んでいるが、この組成物を第2の感光層に含む実施例101に関しても密着性は良好であった(結果はB)。比較例24の感光性樹脂組成物には重量平均分子量が1800のウレタンアクリレートを含んでおり、比較例25の感光性樹脂組成物には重量平均分子量が12100のウレタンアクリレートを含んでいるが、密着性は実施例99、100に比べ劣る結果となった(結果はC)。また、実施例100の感光性樹脂組成物には重量平均分子量2800のブロックイソシアネートを含んでいるが、この組成物を第2の感光層に含む実施例103に関して、密着性は良好であった(結果はB)。一方で、含窒素の骨格を含有していない比較例23の感光性樹脂組成物を第2の感光層に有している比較例26に関しては、密着性が得られなかった。
上記のように作製したITOフィルム上に第2の感光層、第1の感光層をこの順に有する硬化膜積層体(Z-5)を用いて前述の方法で反射率の測定を行った。結果を表9に示す。表9の実施例、比較例に使用した2層転写フィルムの屈折率、膜厚の構成は表7に示した実施例85、91とほぼ同一である。しかし、実施例101~103、比較例24~26のいずれも反射率は2.0%未満であり、実施例85、91よりも少し劣る結果となった。実施例101~103、比較例24~26は第1の感光層、第2の感光層のいずれも有機溶媒系の塗布液を使用しているため、先述の通り圧着法で2層転写フィルム(Y-4)を作製している。しかしながら、その後の熱工程(例えばITOフィルムへの熱圧着工程、150℃での熱キュア工程)で第1の感光層、第2の感光層の成分が互いに混じりあい、界面がぼやけてしまったためと推察される。
先述の実施例の評価において作製した反射率測定サンプル(ITOフィルム上に第2の感光層、第1の感光層をこの順に有する硬化膜積層体)の断面観察を行った。
<STEM-EDX観察>
(I)超薄切片作製
試料を粗裁断後、樹脂包埋を施した。次いで、ウルトラマイクロトームにて超薄切片を作製、マイクログリッドに回収してこれを検鏡試料とした。
装置;LEICA EM UC7
厚み:60nmt設定
(II)STEM(走査透過型電子顕微鏡)観察
装置:HITACHI S-5500
加速電圧:30kV
(III)EDX(エネルギー分散型X線分光分析器)測定
装置:HORIBA EMAX
分析方法:点分析、測定時間60sec
・極薄有機層:(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKα<0.5
・第2の硬化層:(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKα≧0.5
・第1の硬化層:(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKα<0.5
実施例104におけるSTEM-EDX結果を図3~6に示す。実施例105、106、比較例27に関しても同様に極薄有機層が存在する事が判った。これらのサンプルは、第2の感光層、及び第1の感光層から構成された2層転写フィルムより作製したため、極薄有機層は第2の感光層由来の有機成分が偏在化したものと考えられる。一方、比較例28に関しては極薄有機層の存在が確認できなかった。
(I)BIB(Broad Ion Beam)加工
使用装置:SM-09010(日本電子)
イオン種:Ar+
上記の装置を用いて硬化膜積層体の各水準につき、任意の2か所(それぞれは直交方向とする)のSEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)断面サンプルを作製した。
(II)SEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)観察
使用装置:SU-8220(日立)
加速電圧:1kV
観察倍率:×100k
SEM観察
使用装置:SU-8220(日立)
加速電圧:1kV
観察倍率:×20k
比較例18で使用した2層転写フィルム(Y-1)を用いて、第2の感光層上に先述のW-1の塗布液をメチルエチルケトンで1質量%まで希釈したものをバーコーターを用いて塗布し、80℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で1分間乾燥して溶媒を除去し、最後に保護フィルム(厚さ12μmポリプロピレンフィルム)を圧着し、第1の感光層、第2の感光層、及び厚さが約60nmの有機層を有する3層転写フィルム(Y-5)を作製した(比較例29)。
比較例29で作製した3層転写フィルム(Y-5)を用いて先述の方法で熱転写性評価、密着性評価、反射率評価、断面観察による各層の膜厚、ピンホール数測定を行った。結果を表10に示す。
(A1)K-90(ポリビニルピロリドン、東京化成社製:商品名 Mw360,000)
(A2)ポリ(メチルビニルエーテル)(東京化成製品)
(A3)SD10(ポリアクリル酸エステル重合体、東亜合成社製:商品名)
(A4)ポリエチレングリコール4000(東京化成製品)
(A5)SP600(ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ダイセルファインケム社製:商品名)
(A6)ポリビニルアルコール(東京化成製品 繰り返し単位n=1750±50)
(A7)メタクリル酸/ベンジルメタクリレート共重合体(共重合比率:20/80 Mw:43,000)
(A8)HL415(ポリアクリル酸、日本触媒社製)
(A9)スーパーフレックス500M(ウレタンディスパージョン、第一工業製薬社製:商品名)
(B1)SZR-W(商品名、堺化学工業社製:酸化ジルコニウム(IV)水分散液 平均分散1次粒径D90:10.8)
(B2)SRD-W(商品名、堺化学工業社製:酸化チタン水分散液 平均分散1次粒径D50:4nm)
(B3)SZR-CW(商品名、堺化学工業社製:酸化ジルコニウム(IV)水分散液 平均分散1次粒径D50:5nm)
(B4)ナノユースOZ-S30M(商品名、日産化学工業社製:酸化ジルコニウム(IV)メタノール分散液 平均分散1次粒径 D50:30nm)
(C1)Irgacure2959(商品名、BASF社製)
(C2)2,2’,4-トリス(2-クロロフェニル)-5-(3,4-ジメトキシフェニル-4’,5’-ジフェニル‐1,1’-ビ[1H-イミダゾール]
(C3)OXE-01(商品名、BASF社製:オキシムエステル開始剤)
(D1)アートレジンX-17N(商品名、根上工業社製:2官能ウレタンアクリレート)
(D2)MCD-15E(商品名、サートマージャパン社製)
(D3)ブレンマーADE-400A(商品名、日油社製)
(D4)NKオリゴ EA-5920(商品名、プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテルとアクリル酸との反応物、新中村化学工業社製)
(D5)NKエステルA-BPE-20(商品名、新中村化学工業社製)
(D6)N,N‘-メチレンビスアクリルアミド(MRCユニテック社製)
(D7)N-[トリス(3-アクリルアミドプロポキシメチル)メチル]アクリルアミド(商品名、Wako社製)
(D8)MX270(商品名、三和ケミカル社製)
(D9)TMPT(商品名、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、新中村化学工業社製)
(D10)アートレジンX-1N(商品名、根上工業社製:2官能ウレタンアクリレート)
(D11)アートレジンX-36N(商品名、根上工業社製:2官能ウレタンアクリレート)
(D12)デュラネートWM44-L70G(商品名、旭化成社製:ブロックイソシアネート)
(D13)U-15HA(商品名、新中村化学工業社製:15官能ウレタンアクリレート)
(D14)U-412A(商品名、新中村化学工業社製:2官能ウレタンアクリレート)
(D15)UA-32P(商品名、新中村化学工業社製:9官能ウレタンアクリレート)
(D16)UA-340P(商品名、新中村化学工業社製:2官能ウレタンアクリレート)
(E1)DBE814(商品名、GELEST社製)
(E2)LE-605(商品名、共栄社化学社製)
(E3)ポリフローWS-314(商品名、共栄社化学社製)
(E4)ノイゲンLF-80X(商品名、第一工業製薬社製)
(F1)KBM-5103(商品名、信越化学工業社製)
(F2)KBE-403(商品名、信越化学工業社製)
(F3)KBM-503(商品名、信越化学工業社製)
(F4)KBM-803(商品名、信越化学工業社製)
2 100nmの厚みを有する第2の感光層
3 16μmの厚みを有するPET仮支持体
4 両面にITOが製膜されたフィルム
Claims (22)
- 屈折率が1.60以上であり、少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤を含有し、かつ5質量%の固形分を有する水溶液として調製されたときの23℃における表面張力が40mN/m以下である、タッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物。
- 前記少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤の重量平均分子量が、1,000~12,000の範囲内である、請求項1に記載のタッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物。
- 前記少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤は、ウレタン骨格を有する、請求項1又は2に記載のタッチパネル用水性樹脂組成物。
- 仮支持体上に2層フィルムを備える転写フィルムであって、
前記2層フィルムは:
前記仮支持体に積層されており、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物から成る第1の感光層;及び
前記第1の感光層に積層されており、かつ請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のタッチパネル用水性感光樹脂組成物から成る第2の感光層;
で形成されている、
前記転写フィルム。 - 仮支持体上に、
・屈折率が1.48~1.56の範囲内であり、かつ膜厚が1μm~15μmの範囲内である第1の感光層;及び
・屈折率が1.60~1.75の範囲内であり、かつ膜厚が30nm~200nmの範囲内である第2の感光層;
をこの順に有し、かつ
前記第2の感光層に、
(D-1)重量平均分子量が2,000~10,000の範囲内であり、かつ分子内に少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する含窒素架橋剤
を含む、タッチパネル用転写フィルム。 - 前記含窒素架橋剤は、ウレタン骨格を有する、請求項5に記載のタッチパネル用転写フィルム。
- 加速電圧30kVでの断面のSTEM-EDX測定において、導体上に、
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5未満である有機層;
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5以上である第2の硬化層;及び
・(ZrLα+TiKα)/CKαの強度比が0.5未満である第1の硬化層;
をこの順に有し、断面のSEM観察において前記有機層の平均膜厚が5nm~50nmであり、前記第2の硬化層の平均膜厚が30nm~200nmであり、前記第1の硬化層の平均膜厚が1μm~15μmであり、かつ、第2の硬化層の幅5μmの領域あたりに存在するピンホールの平均数が1個以下である、タッチパネル用硬化膜積層体。 - 請求項7に記載のタッチパネル用硬化膜積層体を有するタッチパネル表示装置。
- (A)水溶性樹脂;
(B)2.0以上の屈折率を有する無機酸化物粒子;
(C)光重合開始剤;
(D)少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤;及び
(E)界面活性剤;
を含む水性感光樹脂組成物であって、
前記(A)水溶性樹脂は、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリ(メチルビニルエーテル)、ポリビニアルコール及びその誘導体、ポリオキシアルキレンオキサイド、ポリアクリル酸誘導体、ポリアクリルアミド、並びにセルロースから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの化合物であり、かつ
前記水性感光樹脂組成物100質量%に対して、40質量%以上の前記(B)無機酸化物粒子を含む、
前記水性感光樹脂組成物。 - 更に、(F)有機ケイ素化合物を含む、請求項9に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
- 前記(F)有機ケイ素化合物が、少なくとも1つの重合性官能基を有する、請求項10に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
- 仮支持体上に2層フィルムを備える転写フィルムであって、
前記2層フィルムは:
前記仮支持体に積層されており、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物から成る第1の感光層;及び
前記第1の感光層に積層されており、かつ請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物から成る第2の感光層;
で形成されている、
前記転写フィルム。 - (A)水溶性樹脂;
(B)2.0以上の屈折率を有する無機酸化物粒子;
(C)光重合開始剤;及び
(D)少なくとも2つの重合性官能基を有する水溶性架橋剤;
を含む水性感光樹脂組成物であって、
前記(A)水溶性樹脂は、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリ(メチルビニルエーテル)、ポリビニルアルコール及びその誘導体、ポリオキシアルキレンオキサイド、ポリアクリル酸誘導体、ポリアクリルアミド、並びにセルロース類から成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの化合物であり、
前記(D)水溶性架橋剤は、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート多官能ビニルモノマーであり、かつ
前記水性感光樹脂組成物100質量%に対して、40質量%以上70質量%以下の割合で前記(B)無機酸化物粒子を含む、
前記水性感光樹脂組成物。 - 更に、(E)界面活性剤を含む、請求項13に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
- 更に、(F)有機ケイ素化合物を含む、請求項14に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
- 前記(F)有機ケイ素化合物が、少なくとも1つの重合性官能基を有する、請求項15に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物。
- 仮支持体上に2層フィルムを備える転写フィルムであって、
前記2層フィルムは:
前記仮支持体に積層されており、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物から成る第1の感光層;及び
前記第1の感光層に積層されており、かつ請求項13~16のいずれか1項に記載の水性感光樹脂組成物から成る第2の感光層;
で形成されている、
前記転写フィルム。 - 前記2層フィルムの400nm~700nmにおける可視光透過率が、93%以上である、請求項12に記載の転写フィルム。
- 前記2層フィルムのヘイズ値が、0.5%以下である、請求項12又は18に記載の転写フィルム。
- 以下の工程(a)~(d):
(a)(メタ)アクリル酸由来の構成単位を3質量%~25質量%含むバインダーポリマーと、少なくとも2つのエチレン性不飽和基を有する光重合性化合物と、光重合開始剤とを含有する感光性樹脂組成物を仮支持体に塗布して第1の感光層を形成し、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のタッチパネル用水性感光樹脂組成物を前記第1の感光層に塗布して第2の感光層を形成することによって、前記第1の感光層及び前記第2の感光層から成る2層フィルムを前記仮支持体上に形成して、前記2層フィルムから溶剤を除去して転写フィルムを得る転写フィルム作製工程;
(b)前記転写フィルムを基材に転写して、活性光線によりパターン状に露光する露光工程;
(c)前記転写フィルムの未露光部を水性現像液により除去して、前記転写フィルムを現像する現像工程;及び
(d)現像された前記転写フィルムが付いている前記基材を熱処理する熱処理工程;
をこの順に含む、樹脂パターンの製造方法。 - 請求項20に記載の方法により製造された樹脂パターンを有するタッチパネル用硬化膜積層体。
- 請求項21に記載のタッチパネル用硬化膜積層体を有するタッチパネル表示装置。
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KR102019581B1 (ko) | 2019-09-06 |
JP6669742B2 (ja) | 2020-03-18 |
TWI653270B (zh) | 2019-03-11 |
JPWO2016199868A1 (ja) | 2018-01-25 |
TW201702318A (zh) | 2017-01-16 |
CN107615224A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
KR20170134629A (ko) | 2017-12-06 |
TWI604007B (zh) | 2017-11-01 |
TWI659268B (zh) | 2019-05-11 |
TW201905595A (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
TW201802189A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
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