WO2015159514A1 - レーザ溶接方法 - Google Patents
レーザ溶接方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015159514A1 WO2015159514A1 PCT/JP2015/001984 JP2015001984W WO2015159514A1 WO 2015159514 A1 WO2015159514 A1 WO 2015159514A1 JP 2015001984 W JP2015001984 W JP 2015001984W WO 2015159514 A1 WO2015159514 A1 WO 2015159514A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- helicopter
- laser welding
- laser
- welding method
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
- B23K26/0884—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions in at least in three axial directions, e.g. manipulators, robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/211—Bonding by welding with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/242—Fillet welding, i.e. involving a weld of substantially triangular cross section joining two parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
- B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a laser welding method for welding two workpieces in a joint shape such as a corner joint or a helicopter joint, and particularly to a laser welding method in the case where a gap exists between the two workpieces.
- Welded joints such as a square joint and a helicopter joint, along which the end faces of two workpieces are aligned, are generally processed by consumable electrode arc welding and are not suitable for laser welding.
- laser welding does not supply molten metal to fill the gap between two workpieces.
- Laser welding that supplies filler wire can supply molten metal that fills the gap, but it requires equipment to supply filler wire and filler wire, and it is also necessary to control the supply position and amount of filler wire.
- Patent Document 1 describes a laser welding method for welding a helicopter joint without using a filler wire.
- FIG. 11 is a side view showing a conventional laser welding method, (a) is a side view of a workpiece before laser welding, and (b) is a side view of the workpiece after laser welding.
- a cover plate 102 on which a plating layer 102a is formed is disposed on a substrate 101 on which a plating layer 101a is formed.
- substrate 101 by performing laser welding on the protruding portion of the flange 102b, the substrate 101 and the lid plate 102 are laser-welded as shown in FIG. 11B.
- the conventional laser welding method irradiates the end of the upper cover plate 102 and the end of the lower substrate 101 from the side in a helicopter joint in which two workpieces are stacked. Then, the protruding end portion of the upper cover plate 102 is melted, and the molten metal hangs down due to gravity, thereby joining to the lower substrate 101. For this reason, the molten metal cannot sufficiently flow into the gap between the substrate 101 and the cover plate 102, and bonding becomes insufficient.
- the present disclosure provides a laser welding method in which molten metal can sufficiently flow into the gap between two workpieces forming a joint shape such as a corner joint or a helicopter joint to increase the joint strength.
- the laser welding method of the present disclosure includes a first step and a second step.
- the first step the first end of the first workpiece is placed over the second end of the second workpiece to form a corner joint.
- the first end portion that forms the corner joint is irradiated with laser light from above. Further, in the first step, the first end portion is disposed so as to protrude with respect to the second workpiece.
- another laser welding method of the present disclosure has a first step and a second step.
- the first helicopter of the first workpiece is arranged next to the second helicopter of the second workpiece so as to form a helicopter joint.
- the first helicopter forming the helicopter joint is irradiated with laser light from above.
- the end of the first helicopter is disposed so as to protrude above the second helicopter.
- the molten metal can sufficiently flow into the gap between two workpieces that form a joint shape such as a corner joint or a helicopter joint to increase the joint strength.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the laser welding apparatus in the first embodiment.
- 2A and 2B are side views showing the laser welding method of the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 2A is a side view of a workpiece before laser welding, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the workpiece after laser welding.
- 3A and 3B are side views showing a laser welding method according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 1, wherein FIG. 3A is a side view of a workpiece before laser welding, and FIG. 3B is a workpiece after laser welding. It is a side view.
- 4A and 4B are side views showing a laser welding method according to the second modification of the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 4A is a side view of the workpiece before laser welding, and FIG.
- FIG. 4B is the workpiece after laser welding. It is a side view.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an application range of the protruding length with respect to the gap in the laser welding method of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an application range of the protrusion length with respect to the gap in the laser welding method of the first embodiment.
- 7A and 7B are side views showing the laser welding method according to the second embodiment, wherein FIG. 7A is a side view of a workpiece before laser welding, and FIG. 7B is a side view of the workpiece after laser welding.
- 8A and 8B are side views showing a laser welding method according to a modification of the second embodiment, wherein FIG. 8A is a side view of a workpiece before laser welding, and FIG.
- FIG. 8B is a side view of the workpiece after laser welding.
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating a laser welding method in which the laser beam 10 is weaved in the present disclosure, (a) is a side view of a workpiece before laser welding, and (b) is a process after laser welding. It is a side view of a thing.
- FIG. 10 is a side view illustrating a laser welding method in which the laser beam 10 is defocused in the present disclosure, (a) is a side view of a workpiece before laser welding, and (b) is a view after laser welding. It is a side view of a workpiece. It is a side view which shows the conventional laser welding method, (a) is a side view of the workpiece before laser welding, (b) is a side view of the workpiece after laser welding.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a laser welding apparatus 1 in the present embodiment.
- 2A and 2B are side views showing the laser welding method of the present embodiment, where FIG. 2A is a side view of the workpiece 11 before laser welding, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the workpiece 11 after laser welding.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing a laser welding method according to Modification 1 of the present embodiment, (a) is a side view of a workpiece 11 before laser welding, and (b) is a workpiece after laser welding.
- 11 is a side view of FIG.
- FIG. 4A and 4B are side views showing a laser welding method according to the second modification of the present embodiment, wherein FIG. 4A is a side view of the workpiece 11 before laser welding, and FIG. 4B is a workpiece after laser welding.
- 11 is a side view of FIG. 4 and 5 are diagrams showing the range of application of the protrusion length to the gap in the laser welding method of the present embodiment.
- the laser welding apparatus 1 includes a laser oscillator 2, a robot 3, a robot controller 4, a laser irradiation head 5, and a transmission fiber 6. Further, the robot controller 4 includes a welding condition setting unit 7, a robot control unit 8, and a laser output control unit 9. The robot controller 4 controls the laser oscillation of the laser oscillator 2, the operation of the robot 3, the operation of the laser irradiation head 5, and the like.
- the laser oscillator 2 causes the output laser light to enter the transmission fiber 6.
- the transmission fiber 6 guides the incident laser light to the laser irradiation head 5.
- the laser irradiation head 5 irradiates the workpiece 11 with the laser beam 10 guided by the transmission fiber 6.
- the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b to be joined are collectively referred to as the workpiece 11.
- Laser light 10 having a beam diameter depending on the laser oscillator 2 and the transmission fiber 6 is transmitted to the laser irradiation head 5.
- the laser irradiation head 5 is attached to the tip of the robot 3 and is moved by the operation of the robot 3.
- the robot controller 4 includes a welding condition setting unit 7, a robot control unit 8, and a laser output control unit 9.
- the welding condition setting unit 7 sets conditions for laser welding and gives instructions to other components. Based on a command from the welding condition setting unit 7, the robot control unit 8 determines the robot 3 and the laser irradiation head 5 based on the laser welding conditions set in the welding condition setting unit 7 and the operation program taught in advance. Control the behavior.
- the laser output controller 9 controls the laser output by the laser oscillator 2 based on the laser welding conditions set by the welding condition setting unit 7.
- the laser welding apparatus 1 performs laser welding by irradiating the joint portion of the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b with a laser beam 10 focused by a condenser lens (not shown) inside the laser irradiation head 5.
- the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b are the same material, for example, a galvanized steel sheet.
- the joint shape of the workpiece 11 is a corner joint.
- the end (first end) of the workpiece 11a is replaced with the end (second) of the workpiece 11b (second workpiece).
- the length from the extension line of the upper surface of the workpiece 11b to the end of the workpiece 11a is defined as a protruding length.
- wire of the upper surface of the workpiece 11b among the edge parts of the workpiece 11a be a protrusion volume.
- the end portion of the workpiece 11a is irradiated with the laser beam 10 from above by the laser irradiation head 5 to melt the end portion of the workpiece 11a, and as shown in FIG.
- the workpiece 11b is joined with a corner joint. Further, the end portion of the workpiece 11b is also melted by the laser beam 10 and the heat of the melted workpiece 11a. If the direction in which the workpiece 11a extends from the corner joint is the reference direction (0 degree), the workpiece 11b extends in a direction rotated 90 degrees clockwise from the reference direction. Further, the laser beam 10 is applied to the workpiece 11a from a direction rotated 225 degrees clockwise from the reference direction (a direction rotated 135 degrees counterclockwise).
- the mechanism of melting at this time will be described more specifically.
- the end portion of the workpiece 11a By irradiating the end portion of the workpiece 11a with the laser beam 10, the end portion of the workpiece 11a is melted, and the molten metal hangs down by its own weight, and fills the gap between the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 119b.
- wire of the upper surface of the workpiece 11b is a volume which can fill the gap between the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b.
- the protruding volume for projecting the end of the workpiece 11a from the extended line of the upper surface of the workpiece 11b is larger than the gap volume.
- the protruding volume is not necessarily larger than the gap volume.
- the irradiation direction of the laser beam 10 is downward in the vertical direction
- the workpiece 11a has a direction of about 45 degrees on the lower right side from the corner joint.
- the workpiece 11b is arranged so as to extend in the direction of about 45 degrees on the lower left from the corner joint. That is, the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b are arranged symmetrically. Not limited to this, the workpiece 11a may be tilted slightly clockwise so that the protruding portion of the workpiece 11a is positioned on the upper side in the vertical direction of the gap.
- the workpiece 11a extends from the corner joint in a further downward direction in the vertical direction than the direction of about 45 degrees on the lower right, and the workpiece 11b extends further to the left in the direction of about 45 degrees on the lower left from the corner joint.
- You may arrange. Thereby, the protrusion part of the workpiece 11a comes to be located right above the gap, and the molten metal can easily flow into the gap.
- the workpiece 11a may be slightly tilted counterclockwise so that the protruding portion is positioned on the upper left side of the gap.
- the workpiece 11a extends from the corner joint in a more rightward direction than about 45 degrees to the lower right, and the workpiece 11b extends from the corner joint further downward in the vertical direction than about 45 degrees at the lower left. You may arrange. Thereby, even if a gap is large, the molten metal of the protrusion part of the workpiece 11a can contact the workpiece 11b reliably.
- (Modification 1) 3A the end of the workpiece 11a shown in FIG. 2A is bent upward, that is, vertically upward, opposite to the vertical downward direction that is the irradiation direction of the laser beam 10. The state before laser welding is shown. By doing in this way, the protrusion part of the workpiece 11a comes to be located just above a gap, and it becomes easy for molten metal to flow into a gap.
- FIG. 3B similarly to the case of FIG. 2B, the end of the projecting workpiece 11a is irradiated with the laser beam 10 to be melted, and the molten metal hangs down by its own weight. The gap between 11a and workpiece 11b is filled. Thereby, even when there is a gap between the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b, it is possible to perform joining by appropriate laser welding without opening a hole in the welded portion of the corner joint.
- (Modification 2) 4A shows a state before laser welding in which the end of the workpiece 11a shown in FIG. 2A is bent to the left side, that is, toward the workpiece 11b.
- the projecting portion 11a is irradiated with the laser beam 10 to be melted, and the molten metal hangs down by its own weight.
- the gap between 11a and workpiece 11b is filled.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show a process of projecting from the extended line on the upper surface of the workpiece 11b with respect to the gap between the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b in the laser welding shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and (b).
- the applicable range of the protrusion length of the end of the object 11a is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents the length of the gap between the workpiece 11a and the workpiece 11b
- the vertical axis represents the protruding length of the end of the workpiece 11a that protrudes from the extended line of the upper surface of the workpiece 11b. That's it.
- the results of laser welding under each condition are indicated by circles ( ⁇ ), black triangles ( ⁇ ), white triangles ( ⁇ ), and crosses (x).
- a circle ( ⁇ ) indicates that the bead is good
- a black triangle ( ⁇ ) indicates a convex bead
- a white triangle ( ⁇ ) indicates that a part of the hole is formed
- a cross ( ⁇ ) Each shows that a hole is formed in the whole.
- FIG. 7 is a side view showing the laser welding method of the present embodiment, where (a) is a side view of the workpiece 11 before laser welding, and (b) is a side view of the workpiece 11 after laser welding.
- FIG. 8 is a side view showing a laser welding method according to a modification of the present embodiment, where (a) is a side view of the workpiece 11 before laser welding, and (b) is the workpiece 11 after laser welding.
- the laser welding apparatus 1 used in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is used.
- the joint shape of the workpiece 11 is a helicopter joint.
- the helicopter (first helicopter) of the workpiece 11c (first workpiece) is replaced with the helicopter (second helicopter) of the workpiece 11d (second workpiece).
- the helicopter end of the workpiece 11c is bent at approximately 45 degrees toward the workpiece 11d.
- the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c is arranged so as to be positioned further to the workpiece 11d side than the extension line of the side surface of the helicopter of the workpiece 11d.
- the length from the extension line of the side surface of the helicopter of the workpiece 11d to the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c is defined as the protruding length.
- wire of the side surface of the workpiece 11d among the edge parts of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c be a protrusion volume.
- the helicopter end of the workpiece 11c is irradiated with the laser beam 10 from above by the laser irradiation head 5 to melt the helicopter end of the workpiece 11c, as shown in FIG.
- the workpiece 11c and the workpiece 11d are joined by a helicopter joint.
- the helicopter of the workpiece 11d is also melted by the laser beam 10 and the heat of the end of the melted workpiece 11c.
- the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c is melted, and the molten metal hangs down by its own weight, and is applied to the workpiece 11c.
- the gap between the helicopter and the helicopter of the workpiece 11d is filled.
- the protruding volume for projecting the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c from the extension of the side surface of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c fills the gap between the helicopter of the workpiece 11c and the helicopter of the workpiece 11d, and is appropriate.
- a volume capable of obtaining strength is preferred. That is, it is preferable that the projecting volume for projecting the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c from the extension of the side surface of the helicopter of the workpiece 11d is larger than the volume of the gap to be filled.
- the protruding volume does not necessarily have to be larger than the volume of the gap to be filled.
- the workpiece 11c and the workpiece 11d are placed on a plane (horizontal plane) perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the laser beam 10 that is vertically downward.
- the workpiece 11c and the workpiece 11d may be inclined to the left or right.
- the workpiece 11d may be tilted downward so that the workpiece 11d is raised.
- the protrusion part of the workpiece 11c comes to be located directly above the gap, and the molten metal easily flows into the gap.
- the workpiece 11d may be tilted downward so that the workpiece 11d is lowered.
- the molten metal of the protrusion part of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c can reliably contact with the helicopter of the workpiece 11b.
- the bending angle of the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c is not limited to 45 degrees, and may be 30 degrees or more that allows the molten metal to hang down by its own weight, and the upper limit of the bending angle may be 90 degrees. .
- FIG. 8A shows a state before laser welding in which the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c shown in FIG. 6A is bent 90 degrees toward the helicopter of the workpiece 11d.
- the bending angle of the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c is set to 30 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less, but 90 degrees which is a modified example is most stable and can perform appropriate laser welding.
- the protruding length by which the end of the helicopter of the workpiece 11c protrudes from the extension of the side surface of the helicopter of the workpiece 11d is the length of the gap between the helicopter of the workpiece 11c and the helicopter of the workpiece 11d.
- a length that includes the thickness of the helicopter is suitable.
- the helicopter end of the workpiece 11c By forming the helicopter end of the workpiece 11c into a bent shape, the gap between the helicopter of the workpiece 11c and the workpiece 11d can be accommodated, and the larger the gap, the higher the effect.
- FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating a laser welding method in which the laser beam 10 is weaved in the present disclosure, (a) is a side view of the workpiece 11 before laser welding, and (b) is a view after laser welding.
- 2 is a side view of a workpiece 11.
- FIG. FIG. 10 is a side view showing a laser welding method in which the laser beam 10 is defocused in the present disclosure, (a) is a side view of the workpiece 11 before laser welding, and (b) is after laser welding.
- FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating a laser welding method in which the laser beam 10 is weaved in the present disclosure, (a) is a side view of the workpiece 11 before laser welding, and (b) is a view after laser welding.
- laser welding may be performed while the laser beam 10 is weaved.
- laser welding may be performed by defocusing the laser beam 10 and widening the beam diameter of the laser beam.
- laser welding may be performed using both weaving and defocus.
- the laser beam 10 is weaved, or defocused, or weaving and defocus are used in combination.
- the beam diameter of the laser beam 10 By expanding the beam diameter of the laser beam 10, laser welding with a good bead appearance can be performed.
- the molten metal can sufficiently flow into the gap between two workpieces that form a joint shape such as a corner joint or a helicopter joint, thereby increasing the joint strength. It is useful above.
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Abstract
Description
図1~図6を用いて、本開示の実施の形態1について説明する。図1は、本実施の形態におけるレーザ溶接装置1の概略構成を示す図である。図2は、本実施の形態のレーザ溶接方法を示す側面図であり、(a)はレーザ溶接前の加工物11の側面図であり、(b)はレーザ溶接後の加工物11の側面図である。図3は、本実施の形態の変形例1のレーザ溶接方法を示す側面図であり、(a)はレーザ溶接前の加工物11の側面図であり、(b)はレーザ溶接後の加工物11の側面図である。図4は、本実施の形態の変形例2のレーザ溶接方法を示す側面図であり、(a)はレーザ溶接前の加工物11の側面図であり、(b)はレーザ溶接後の加工物11の側面図である。図4および図5は、本実施の形態のレーザ溶接方法における、ギャップに対する突出長さの適用範囲を示す図である。
図3の(a)は、図2の(a)に示した加工物11aの端部を上方、すなわち、レーザ光10の照射方向である鉛直方向下向きとは反対の鉛直方向上向きに折り曲げた、レーザ溶接前の状態を示している。このようにすることで、加工物11aの突出部がよりギャップの真上に位置するようになり、溶融金属がギャップへ流れ込みやすくなる。図3の(b)に示すように、図2の(b)の場合と同様、突出した加工物11aの端部にレーザ光10を照射して溶融させ、溶融金属が自重で垂れ下がり、加工物11aと加工物11bとの間のギャップを充填する。これにより、加工物11aと加工物11bとの間にギャップがある場合でも、角継手の溶接箇所に穴が開くことなく、適切なレーザ溶接による接合を行うことができる。
図4の(a)は、図2の(a)に示した加工物11aの端部を左側、すなわち、加工物11bの方に折り曲げた、レーザ溶接前の状態を示している。このようにすることで、ギャップが大きくても、加工物11aの突出部の溶融金属は確実に加工物11bと接触することができる。図4の(b)に示すように、図2の(b)の場合と同様、突出した加工物11aの端部にレーザ光10を照射して溶融させ、溶融金属が自重で垂れ下がり、加工物11aと加工物11bとの間のギャップを充填する。これにより、加工物11aと加工物11bとの間にギャップがある場合でも、角継手の溶接箇所に穴が開くことなく、適切なレーザ溶接による接合を行うことができる。
なお、上記のような良好な溶接を行うためには、適正な溶接条件が必要である。その一例について、以下に説明する。
次に、図7および図8を用いて、実施の形態2におけるレーザ溶接方法について説明する。図7は、本実施の形態のレーザ溶接方法を示す側面図であり、(a)はレーザ溶接前の加工物11の側面図であり、(b)はレーザ溶接後の加工物11の側面図である。図8は、本実施の形態の変形例のレーザ溶接方法を示す側面図であり、(a)はレーザ溶接前の加工物11の側面図であり、(b)はレーザ溶接後の加工物11の側面図である。なお、本実施の形態においても、図1で示される、実施の形態1で用いたレーザ溶接装置1が用いられる。また、本実施の形態では、加工物11の継手形状はヘリ継手である。
図8の(a)は、図6の(a)に示す加工物11cのヘリの端部を、加工物11dのヘリの側に90度折り曲げた、レーザ溶接前の状態を示している。このようにすることで、ギャップが大きくても、加工物11cのヘリの突出部の溶融金属は確実に加工物11dのヘリと接触することができる。図8の(b)に示すように、図7の(b)の場合と同様、突出した加工物119cのヘリの端部にレーザ光10を照射して溶融させ、溶融金属が自重で垂れ下がり、加工物11cのヘリと加工物11dのヘリとの間のギャップを充填する。これにより、加工物11cのヘリと加工物11dのヘリとの間にギャップがある場合でも、ヘリ継手の溶接箇所に穴が開くことなく、適切なレーザ溶接による接合を行うことができる。
2 レーザ発振器
3 ロボット
4 ロボットコントローラ
5 レーザ照射ヘッド
6 伝送ファイバ
7 溶接条件設定部
8 ロボット制御部
9 レーザ出力制御部
10 レーザ光
11,11a~11d 加工物
101 基板
101a メッキ層
102 蓋板
102a メッキ層
102b フランジ
Claims (12)
- 第1の加工物の第1の端部を第2の加工物の第2の端部の上に重ねて角継手を形成するように配置する第1の工程と、
前記角継手を形成する前記第1の端部に上方からレーザ光を照射する第2の工程と、を備え、
前記第1の工程において、前記第1の端部が前記第2の加工物に対して突出するように配置するレーザ溶接方法。 - 前記角継手における、前記第1の加工物と前記第2の加工物との間にはギャップが形成され、
前記第1の端部が前記第2の加工物に対して突出する体積は、前記ギャップの体積よりも大きい請求項1に記載のレーザ溶接方法。 - 前記第1の端部は、前記第1の加工物に対して、上方に曲げた形状である請求項1または2に記載のレーザ溶接方法。
- 前記第1の端部が前記第2の加工物に対して突出する距離は、前記第1の加工物の板厚の1/3以上1/2以下である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のレーザ溶接方法。
- 前記第1の加工物と前記第2の加工物とは、前記角継手の鉛直方向の下方において90度の角度をなすように、左右対称な方向に配置され、
前記レーザ光は、前記角継手の鉛直方向の上方から照射される請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のレーザ溶接方法。 - 第1の加工物の第1のヘリを第2の加工物の第2のヘリの隣に並べてヘリ継手を形成するように配置する第1の工程と、
前記ヘリ継手を形成する前記第1のヘリに上方からレーザ光を照射する第2の工程と、を備え、
前記第1の工程において、前記第1のヘリの端部は、前記第2のヘリの上方に突出するように配置するレーザ溶接方法。 - 前記第2のヘリの上方に突出した前記第1のヘリの端部は、前記第1のヘリに対して30度以上90度以下の角度で折り曲げた形状である請求項6に記載のレーザ溶接方法。
- 前記第2のヘリの上方に突出した前記第1のヘリの端部は、前記第1のヘリに対して90度の角度で折り曲げた形状である請求項7に記載のレーザ溶接方法。
- 前記ヘリ継手における、前記第1のヘリと前記第2のヘリとの間にはギャップが形成されている請求項6~8のいずれかに記載のレーザ溶接方法。
- 前記第1のヘリの端部が前記第2のヘリの上方に突出する長さは、前記ギャップの距離と前記第2のヘリの厚さとを加えた長さである請求項9に記載のレーザ溶接方法。
- 前記第2の工程において、前記レーザ光をウィービングさせる請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のレーザ溶接方法。
- 前記第2の工程において、前記レーザ光をデフォーカスさせる請求項1から11のいずれかに記載のレーザ溶接方法。
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