WO2013154043A1 - ポリエステル中空成形体およびポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法 - Google Patents
ポリエステル中空成形体およびポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013154043A1 WO2013154043A1 PCT/JP2013/060457 JP2013060457W WO2013154043A1 WO 2013154043 A1 WO2013154043 A1 WO 2013154043A1 JP 2013060457 W JP2013060457 W JP 2013060457W WO 2013154043 A1 WO2013154043 A1 WO 2013154043A1
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- resin composition
- polyester resin
- molded article
- hindered phenol
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/0005—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/85—Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7158—Bottles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat-resistant polyester hollow molded article, and more particularly to a heat-resistant polyester hollow molded article comprising a polyester resin composition excellent in long-term continuous moldability during melt molding and having excellent transparency and heat-resistant dimensional stability. It is. Moreover, when a heat-resistant hollow molded article is continuously molded from the polyester resin composition of the present invention, the hollow molded article has a characteristic of maintaining excellent transparency over a long period of time.
- Polyesters whose main repeating unit is ethylene terephthalate are carbonated beverages, juices, mineral waters, etc. due to their excellent transparency, mechanical strength, heat resistance, gas barrier properties, etc. It has been adopted as a material for containers and is very popular. In these applications, beverages that have been sterilized at high temperatures are hot-filled in polyester bottles, or sterilized at high temperatures after filling beverages. However, ordinary polyester bottles shrink during such hot-filling treatments. Deformation occurs and becomes a problem.
- the body part is required to be transparent even if it is heat-treated at the time of molding so as not to deteriorate the visual perception of the color of the contents of the bottle. is there.
- a method of performing heat setting after taking out a molded product obtained by stretch blow molding from a mold blow mold and holding it in a heat fixing mold for example, patents
- a method of performing heat setting simultaneously with stretch blow molding in a blow mold for example, see Patent Document 2
- a method in which heat treatment is performed simultaneously with stretch blow molding in the primary mold, and the molded product is taken out and then blow molded in the secondary treatment mold without cooling see, for example, Patent Document 3). ing.
- the bottle obtained is whitened with a long time operation, the transparency is lowered, and the bottle has no commercial value. It can only be obtained. It has been found that this is due to adhesion of PET due to PET on the mold surface, resulting in mold contamination that is transferred to the bottle surface. In particular, in recent years, the molding speed of bottles has been increased for cost reduction. From the viewpoint of productivity, shortening of the heating time for crystallization of the plug part and mold contamination are more serious problems. It is coming.
- PET is extruded into a sheet-like material, and this is stretched biaxially to produce a stretched film.
- the cooling roll and stretch roll of the unstretched film are attached with deposits due to PET, and This adversely affects the production operability of the toroids and stretched films, and the transparency of the resulting product also deteriorates, which is a problem.
- C-PET sheet comprising a PET resin composition (hereinafter sometimes referred to as C-PET) obtained by adding a small amount of polyolefin resin to PET
- a C-PET sheet (for example, see Patent Documents 7 to 10) made of a PET resin composition containing a small amount of a polyolefin resin and a heat stabilizer or a crystal nucleating agent has moldability, impact resistance, gas barrier property and heat resistance.
- Containers made of C-PET sheets are widely used as inexpensive pressure and heat treatment containers.
- the C-PET sheet is continuously heat-molded by a heating mold with a vacuum molding machine or the like.
- PET oligomers, polyolefin resins, oligomers, and the like gradually adhere to and accumulate on the mold.
- the mold releasability between the mold surface and the C-PET sheet is deteriorated, and the gloss of the inner surface of the container is deteriorated, which is desired to be solved.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-56606 Japanese Patent Publication No.59-6216 Japanese Patent Publication No.59-6216 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-47830 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-174441 JP 2006-282697 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-227947 JP 59-62660 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-1121334 JP-A-4-345656
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and makes it possible to efficiently produce a molded body excellent in transparency and heat-resistant dimensional stability, particularly a heat-resistant hollow molded body.
- the present invention provides a polyester resin composition excellent in long-term continuous moldability with less mold fouling, a molded article comprising the same, and a method for molding a polyester hollow molded article using the polyester resin composition. For the purpose.
- a hollow molded article comprising a polyester resin composition containing 0.035 to 1.75 equivalents / ton of a hindered phenol structural unit and containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an antimony compound as a polymerization catalyst.
- a polyester hollow molded article having a cyclic trimer content of 0.5% by mass or less, an acetaldehyde content of 50 ppm or less, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 to 0.90 dL / g.
- polyester hollow molded article according to [1], wherein the polyester resin composition is a polyester resin composition in which a polymerization catalyst is not deactivated.
- TOD heat-resistant oxidative decomposition parameter
- the polyester resin composition according to the present invention is a polyester resin composition that is excellent in long-term continuous moldability during melt molding, and can efficiently produce a polyester molded article having excellent transparency and heat-resistant dimensional stability.
- the molded product obtained from the polyester resin composition is suitably used as a container for food or beverage, a packaging material, particularly a heat resistant container.
- heat at a high temperature of 150 ° C. or higher is used in a hollow molded body obtained by molding a stretch blow hollow molded body or a sheet-like material by a molding method such as vacuum molding or pressure molding using the polyester resin composition according to the present invention.
- heat at a high temperature of 150 ° C. or higher is used.
- There is little occurrence of rough surface on the surface of the molded body or the like when fixed (heat set) and there is an advantage that the surface gloss and transparency are not lowered even during continuous production for a long time.
- a polyester resin composition will contain a hindered phenol structural unit by adding a hindered phenol compound.
- the hindered phenol compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a hindered phenol structure.
- both OH groups are t-butyl groups, one is a t-butyl group and the other is the other. This includes all those that are methyl groups (semi-hindered phenols) and those that are t-butyl groups and the other is hydrogen (res-hindered phenols).
- a hindered phenol structural unit is a phenol structure in which both OH groups are t-butyl groups, one is a t-butyl group and the other is a methyl group (semi-hindered phenol), and one is t-butyl group. It refers to all phenolic structures that are butyl groups and hydrogen on the other side (reshindered phenols). Further, as in the following exemplified compounds, the t-butyl group may be a bulky group such as an isopropyl group.
- the hindered phenol compound when a hindered phenol compound is added during polymerization, the hindered phenol compound may be incorporated into the polyester, and the hindered phenol structure part incorporated into the polyester molecular chain is also included. And
- the polyester resin composition containing a hindered phenol structural unit is obtained by adding a hindered phenol compound to polyester.
- the hindered phenol compound may be added during the polymerization of the polyester or may be added after the polymerization.
- the method of producing and adding a masterbatch is preferable.
- the content (addition amount) of the hindered phenol structural unit in the polyester resin composition is 0.035 to 1.75 equivalent / ton.
- the lower limit of the content (addition amount) of the hindered phenol structural unit is preferably 0.042 equivalent / ton, more preferably 0.052 equivalent / ton, and further preferably 0.07 equivalent / ton. Particularly preferred is 0.23 equivalent / ton.
- the upper limit of the content (addition amount) of the hindered phenol structural unit is preferably 0.75 equivalent / ton, more preferably 0.65 equivalent / ton.
- the content (addition amount) of the hindered phenol structural unit in the polyester resin composition is less than 0.035 equivalent / ton or more than 1.75 equivalent / ton, the following evaluation method (polyester by bottle continuous molding) When evaluated by the molding evaluation method), the haze of the body of the 10,000th stretched hollow molded body tends to be unable to be maintained at 4.0 or less, which is not preferable. If the hindered phenol compound is likely to be volatilized during the polymerization, a polymerization test is performed in advance, and after confirming the volatilization ratio, the addition amount may be determined so that the predetermined content is obtained and added during the polymerization. .
- hindered phenol compound examples include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-dicyclohexyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-diisopropyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-amyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-octyl-4-n-propylphenol, 2,6-dicyclohexyl-4 -N-octylphenol, 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-2-ethyl-6-tert-octylphenol, 2-isobutyl-4-ethyl-6-tert-hexylphenol, 2-cyclohexyl-4-n-butyl-6-isopropylphenol, 1 1,1-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1,1,3-trime
- 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 Pa or less, and particularly 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 Pa or less are obtained during molding. It is preferable for reducing volatilization. Further, when added during polymerization, it is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 Pa or less in order to prevent distillation during polycondensation.
- the hindered phenol structural unit is preferably derived from a hindered phenol compound not containing a metal salt structure.
- a hindered phenol compound containing a metal salt structure is used, the transparency of the resulting polyester hollow molded article may deteriorate.
- bottles are continuously produced from a polyester resin composition
- the details of the mechanism by which bottle haze deteriorates are unknown, but the decomposition products (oligomers) in the polyester are transferred to the mold surface by the heat of the blow molding machine. It is presumed that the bottle haze is deteriorated by the deposition and adhesion of the cyclic trimer in the polyester after the adhesion.
- the polyester composition contains the hindered phenol structure in the above range within the above range, the polyester degradation product due to heat in the melting or blow molding machine is effectively suppressed, and the degradation product of the polyester having the role of glue By suppressing, even if a cyclic trimer precipitates, an adhesion amount decreases, and the bottle haze at the time of continuously producing a bottle can be prevented.
- hindered phenol is not contained, it is considered that the amount of deposited cyclic trimer increases due to an increase in the degradation product of polyester having the role of glue, and the bottle haze deteriorates.
- the polyester in the polyester resin composition is preferably a polyester whose main repeating unit is ethylene terephthalate, more preferably a linear polyester containing 85 mol% or more of ethylene terephthalate units, and still more preferably. Is a linear polyester containing 90 mol% or more, particularly preferably 95% mol or more.
- dicarboxylic acid used as a copolymerization component when the polyester is a copolymer examples include isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and 1,4-naphthalene.
- Dicarboxylic acid 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenyl-4,4-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-biphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis (phenoxy) ethane-p, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as p'-dicarboxylic acid and anthracene dicarboxylic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, Tetradecanedicarboxylic acid, hexadecanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3- Clobutane dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentane dicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-
- hydroxycarboxylic acid examples include lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, hydroxyacetic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p- (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzoic acid, 4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid, or These ester-forming derivatives are exemplified.
- cyclic ester examples include ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, glycolide, lactide and the like.
- These copolymerization components such as dicarboxylic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid are preferably used in an amount of 0 to 15 mol%, more preferably 0 to 5 mol% of the carboxylic acid component.
- glycol as a copolymer component used when the polyester is a copolymer examples include diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butylene glycol, and 1,2-butylene.
- the polyfunctional carboxylic acid having three or more functions as a copolymerization component used when the polyester is a copolymer trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, methylcyclohexeric carboxylic acid, oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA), 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), 3,3 ′ , 4,4′-Diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (DSDA), 4,4 ′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic dianhydride (6FDA) 2,2′-bis [(dicarboxyphenoxy) phenyl And propane dianhydride (BSAA).
- ODPA oxydiphthalic dianhydride
- BTDA 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarbox
- Examples of the trifunctional or higher functional polyol used as a copolymerization component when the polyester is a copolymer include glycerin, pentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpentane, and trimethylolpropane. From these, one or more can be selected and used.
- the polyester can contain a known phosphorus compound as a copolymerization component.
- the phosphorus compound is preferably a bifunctional phosphorus compound such as (2-carboxylethyl) methylphosphinic acid, (2-carboxyethyl) phenylphosphinic acid, 9,10-dihydro-10-oxa- (2,3- Carboxypropyl) -10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and the like.
- polyester resin composition in the present invention will be described, but components other than the above-mentioned polyester are abbreviated as “polyester” for convenience because the amount of hindered phenol structural units, catalyst components, and the like are very small.
- Said polyester can be manufactured by a conventionally well-known manufacturing method. That is, in the case of PET, terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and, if necessary, other copolymerization components are directly reacted to distill off water and esterify the low-order condensate in the presence of a polymerization catalyst.
- Direct esterification by polycondensation under reduced pressure or by reacting dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol and, if necessary, other copolymerization components in the presence of a transesterification catalyst to distill off methyl alcohol.
- the low-order condensate obtained by exchange is produced by a transesterification method in which polycondensation is performed under reduced pressure in the presence of a polymerization catalyst.
- solid-state polymerization may be performed to increase the intrinsic viscosity and reduce the acetaldehyde content, the cyclic trimer content, and the like as necessary.
- the melt-polymerized polyester may be subjected to heat crystallization after moisture absorption, or may be heated and crystallized by spraying water vapor directly onto a polyester chip.
- the melt polycondensation reaction may be performed in a batch reactor or may be performed in a continuous reactor. In any of these methods, the melt polycondensation reaction may be performed in one stage or may be performed in multiple stages.
- the solid phase polymerization reaction can be carried out by a batch type apparatus or a continuous type apparatus, similarly to the melt polycondensation reaction. Melt polycondensation and solid phase polymerization may be carried out continuously or separately.
- tertiary amines such as triethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, benzyldimethylamine, quaternary ammonium hydroxides such as tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide, trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, and lithium carbonate
- a basic compound such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or sodium acetate
- the above-mentioned polyester can be produced, for example, as follows, but is not limited thereto.
- the polymerization catalyst for polymerizing the polyester can be produced using at least one selected from antimony compounds.
- antimony compound examples include antimony trioxide, antimony acetate, antimony tartrate, antimony potassium tartrate, antimony oxychloride, antimony glycolate, antimony pentoxide, and triphenylantimony. These antimony compounds are preferably contained in an amount of 50 to 400 ppm, more preferably 100 to 350 ppm, and particularly preferably 150 to 300 ppm as a residual antimony mass with respect to the mass of the produced polyester.
- antimony is preferably 60 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more, further preferably 80 mol% or more, and preferably 90 mol% or more. Particularly preferred.
- the heat-resistant oxidative decomposition parameter (TOD) of the polyester resin composition in the present invention is preferably 0.10 or less.
- TOD can be calculated by the method described in the item of the following Example. In order to make TOD 0.10 or less, it can achieve by making a polyester resin composition the above-mentioned structure.
- TOD is more preferably 0.09 or less, still more preferably 0.07 or less, and most preferably 0.05 or less.
- the TOD exceeds 0.10, the haze of the body portion of the 10,000th stretched hollow molded body is maintained at 4.0 or less when evaluated by the following evaluation method (polyester molding evaluation method by continuous bottle molding). It is not preferable because it tends to be impossible.
- the polymerization catalyst used in the present invention can be added to the reaction system at any stage of the polycondensation reaction.
- it can be added to the reaction system at any stage before and during the esterification reaction or transesterification reaction, immediately before the start of the polycondensation reaction, or at any stage during the polycondensation reaction.
- the addition method of the polymerization catalyst used in the present invention may be addition in the form of powder or neat, or may be addition in the form of slurry or solution of glycols such as ethylene glycol. Not.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester is preferably 0.68 to 1.20 dL / g, more preferably 0.68 to 1.00 dL / g, still more preferably 0.68 to 0.90 dL / g, and most preferably 0. The range is from .68 to 0.80 dL / g.
- the intrinsic viscosity is less than 0.68 dL / g, the mechanical properties of the obtained molded article and the like are poor.
- it exceeds 1.20 dL / g the resin temperature becomes high at the time of melting by a molding machine or the like, the thermal decomposition becomes severe, the amount of free low molecular weight compounds affecting the fragrance retention increases, or the molded product is yellow. Problems such as coloring.
- the object to be actually measured is a polyester resin composition, it is described as “inherent viscosity of polyester”.
- the amount of diethylene glycol copolymerized in the polyester is preferably 0.5 to 7.0 mol%, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 mol% of the glycol component constituting the polyester. More preferably, it is 1.5 to 4.0 mol%.
- the amount of diethylene glycol exceeds 7.0 mol%, the thermal stability is deteriorated, the decrease in molecular weight during molding is increased, and the increase in acetaldehyde content and formaldehyde content is unfavorable.
- the diethylene glycol content is less than 0.5 mol%, the transparency of the obtained molded article is deteriorated.
- the content of the cyclic trimer of the polyester resin composition is preferably 0.50% by mass or less, more preferably 0.40% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.35% by mass or less.
- the content of the cyclic trimer exceeds 0.50% by mass, oligomer adhesion to the surface of the heating mold is abrupt. And the transparency of the obtained hollow molded article is very deteriorated.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.20% by mass from the viewpoint of production.
- solid phase polymerization is effective as described above. It is possible to reduce the cyclic trimer by appropriately setting the conditions for solid phase polymerization.
- the content (mass basis) of aldehydes such as acetaldehyde in the polyester resin composition is preferably 30 ppm or less, and more preferably 10 ppm or less.
- these lower limits are preferably 0.1 ppb from the viewpoint of production.
- aldehydes are acetaldehyde and formaldehyde.
- aldehydes corresponding to each of them are listed. For example, in the case of copolymerizing 1,3-propylene glycol, allyl aldehyde is also a target.
- the above polyester resin composition may be contact-treated with water, water vapor or water vapor-containing gas, and a phosphorus compound or the like may be added.
- a polyester resin composition that does not perform such deactivation treatment of the polymerization catalyst, More than 10,000 times per mold without cleaning the blow mold, the cyclic trimer content is 0.5 mass% or less, the acetaldehyde content is 50 ppm or less, and the intrinsic viscosity is 0.68 to 0.90 dL. It is possible to mold a polyester hollow molded body of / g. This is because, as explained above, the specific range of hindered phenol effectively suppresses the formation of a polyester degradation product that causes deterioration of bottle haze.
- the content of the cyclic trimer of the polyester resin composition is lowered, the polymerization catalyst is deactivated, and the cyclic trimer of the hollow molded body is
- lowering the content is one preferred form, costs such as a process of lowering the cyclic trimer by solid phase polymerization and a process of deactivation of the catalyst increase.
- continuous molding equivalent to or higher than that of a hollow molded body having a cyclic trimer content of about 0.3% by mass of the conventional catalyst deactivation, while suppressing these process costs This can be carried out with a hollow molded body having a large content, and this is also a preferred form.
- the content of the cyclic trimer of the hollow molded body is preferably more than 0.33% by mass, more preferably 0.35% by mass or more, and particularly 0.37% by mass. % Or more is preferable. Even when the content of the cyclic trimer of the raw material polyester resin composition is 0.3% by mass or less, when the catalyst is not deactivated, the content of the cyclic trimer of the hollow molded body is usually 0. It will exceed 33% by mass.
- the amount of increase in the cyclic trimer of the polyester resin composition when melted at 290 ° C. for 60 minutes exceeds 0.25% by mass, and further exceeds 0.3% by mass , May exceed 0.4 mass%, and more than 0.5 mass%.
- the amount of increase in the cyclic trimer is affected by the content of the cyclic trimer before melting. That is, if the amount of the cyclic trimer before melting is small, the increase amount becomes large. Further, the increase amount of the cyclic trimer is also affected by the content of the catalyst. That is, if the amount of catalyst is small and the polymerization activity is low, the amount of increase is small.
- the upper limit of the increase amount of the cyclic trimer is about 0.8% by mass, although it depends on the content of the cyclic trimer before melting.
- the polyester resin composition in the present invention may contain various resins for improving crystallization characteristics, aldehyde reducing agents, color tone improving agents, infrared absorbers and the like.
- the blending amount is preferably 1% by mass or less in total in the polyester resin composition.
- the resin other than polyester is preferably less than 0.05% by mass, more preferably 0.03% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.01% by mass or less. If it exceeds 0.05 mass%, the mold may be contaminated or the haze of the bottle may be lowered.
- the polyester resin composition in the present invention is directly molded in a chip state after completion of the melt polycondensation step as described above, or in a chip state after finishing a process such as solid phase polymerization. It can also be introduced into the process to form a molded body.
- a predetermined amount of additives such as a crystallization property improver, an aldehyde reducing agent, a color improver, a stabilizer, etc.
- melt polycondensation polymer are added to any reactor or transport pipe in the production process of the melt polycondensation polymer, and the intended purpose After melt polycondensation so as to have properties, it can be used as it is, or after further completion of treatment such as solid phase polymerization, it can be directly introduced into the molding step to form a molded product.
- a foam molded from the polyester resin composition in the present invention is stretch blow molded, or then heat-set.
- the polyester resin composition of the present invention is also used for producing a stretched hollow molded body by a so-called compression molding method, in which a preform obtained by compression molding a melted mass cut after melt extrusion is stretch blow molded.
- a preform is once formed by injection molding or extrusion molding, and the plug portion and the bottom portion are processed as it is, and then reheated to perform biaxial stretching blow such as hot parison method or cold parison method.
- a molding method is applied.
- the heat-resistant hollow molded body can be molded by biaxial stretching blow molding by the so-called one-mold method or two-mold method and then heat-fixed.
- the molding temperature when producing a heat-resistant stretch blow molded article is usually in the range of 260 to 290 ° C.
- the stretching temperature is usually from 70 to 120 ° C., preferably from 80 to 110 ° C., and the stretching ratio is usually from 1.5 to 3.5 times in the longitudinal direction and from 2 to 5 times in the circumferential direction.
- the obtained hollow molded body can be used as it is, but in particular in the case of beverages that require hot filling, such as fruit juice beverages and oolong teas, it is generally heat-set in a blow mold and further heat resistant. Used to give.
- the heat setting is usually performed at 100 to 200 ° C., preferably 120 to 180 ° C. for several seconds to several hours, preferably several seconds to several minutes, under tension by compressed air or the like.
- the body of the hollow molded body is heat-set so that the crystallinity by the density method is 20% or more, preferably 30% or more, particularly preferably 33% or more.
- the heat resistance of the body is remarkably improved, and the heat deformation and heat shrinkage can be improved when the contents are hot-filled or subjected to bottling and pastry sterilization.
- the heat resistance having a cyclic trimer content of 0.5% by mass or less, an acetaldehyde content of 50 ppm or less, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 to 0.90 dL / g.
- a flexible polyester hollow molded body is obtained.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the heat resistant polyester hollow molded article is preferably 0.70 to 0.88 dL / g, more preferably 0.73 to 0.85 dL / g, and still more preferably 0.74 to 0.84 dL / g.
- the acetaldehyde content of the heat-resistant polyester hollow molded article is preferably 20 ppm or less, and more preferably 10 ppm or less.
- the content of the cyclic trimer is 0.5% by mass or less continuously without cleaning the blow molding die 10,000 times or more per die.
- a polyester hollow molded article having an acetaldehyde content of 50 ppm or less and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 to 0.90 dL / g can be formed.
- this standard is satisfied if the haze of the obtained bottle body is maintained at 4.0% or less during continuous blow molding. It can be said. More preferably, if the haze of the bottle body is maintained at 3.5% or less, it can be expected to increase the number of moldings until the blow molding die is cleaned. More preferably, if the haze of the bottle body is maintained at 3.0% or less, it can be expected that the number of moldings until the blow molding die is cleaned is further increased.
- Intrinsic viscosity The viscosity was determined from the solution viscosity at 30 ° C. in a 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane / phenol (2: 3 mass ratio) mixed solvent.
- (2) Method for quantifying catalytic metal In a stainless steel circular ring having a thickness of 5 mm and an inner diameter of 50 mm, the polyester resin composition is heated to a melting point + 20 ° C. and melted to prepare a sample piece. The amount was determined and expressed in ppm. In determining the amount, a calibration curve obtained in advance from a sample with a known amount of each element was used.
- CT content Content of cyclic trimer
- polyester molding evaluation method by continuous bottle molding The sample polyester resin composition was dried with a vacuum dryer to a moisture content of 100 ppm or less, and a 150C-DM injection molding machine manufactured by Meiki Seisakusho and a preform (mold temperature) Using a mold for 5 ° C., 28 g of a bottomed preform (PF) was obtained at a setting temperature of 260 to 270 ° C. and an injection pressure of 2.35 MPa. The plug portion of the bottomed preform (PF) was heated and crystallized with a home-made plug portion crystallizer. Next, the preform was 750 bph in a molding cycle of 30 seconds while blowing air at a pressure of 36 bar in a mold set at 160 ° C.
- PF bottomed preform
- Crystallinity (X c ) ( ⁇ c / ⁇ ) ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ am ) / ( ⁇ c ⁇ am ) ⁇ ⁇ 100 ⁇ : measured density (g / cm 3 ) ⁇ am : Amorphous density (1.335 g / cm 3 ) ⁇ c : Crystal density (1.455 g / cm 3 )
- [IV] i and [IV] f1 indicate IV (dl / g) before and after the heating test, respectively.
- the freeze pulverization was performed using a freezer mill (Specks Corp., Model 6750). After putting about 2 g of a resin chip or film and a dedicated impactor in a dedicated cell, the cell is set in the apparatus, liquid nitrogen is filled into the apparatus and held for about 10 minutes, and then RATE10 (the impactor is about 1 second per second). Crushed for 5 minutes.
- TOD 0.245 ⁇ [IV] f1 -1.47- [IV] i -1.47 ⁇
- Antimony compound in ethylene glycol A solution in which antimony trioxide was dissolved in ethylene glycol by heating was prepared.
- Example 1 Charge high purity terephthalic acid and 2 times its molar amount of ethylene glycol, add 0.3 mol% of triethylamine to the acid component, and esterify while distilling water out of the system at 250 ° C under a pressure of 0.25 MPa.
- a mixture of bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and oligomer (hereinafter referred to as BHET mixture) having an esterification rate of about 95% was obtained.
- an ethylene glycol solution of the above antimony compound was added as a polymerization catalyst so that the residual amount of the antimony atom was 280 ppm with respect to the mass of the obtained polyester, and then the above hindered phenol compound at a normal pressure under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the ethylene glycol solution of [1] was added at 100 ppm (0.34 equivalent / ton in hindered phenol structural units) with a hindered phenol compound with respect to the mass of the polyester, and stirred at 250 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the pressure in the reaction system was gradually decreased to 13.3 Pa (0.1 Torr) while the temperature was raised to 280 ° C.
- the obtained PET resin composition had an IV of 0.58 dl / g.
- the pellets obtained by melt polymerization were dried under reduced pressure (13.3 Pa or less, 80 ° C., 12 hours), and subsequently crystallized (13.3 Pa or less, 130 ° C., 3 hours, further 13.3 Pa or less, 160 C., 3 hours).
- the polyester pellets after being allowed to cool were subjected to solid phase polymerization in a solid phase polymerization reactor while maintaining the system at 13.3 Pa or less and 215 ° C. to obtain a PET resin composition having an IV of 0.78 dl / g. .
- Each evaluation was then performed.
- the bottomed preform (PF) described in the above (5) had good visual transparency ( ⁇ ), and the haze of the 5000th bottle body by continuous bottle molding was 1.8%. Furthermore, the haze of the 10,000th bottle body is as good as 2.0%, and the crystallinity is sufficiently crystallized at 35%. There is no leakage in the heat-filling test, and the body part is not deformed. There was no problem.
- Table 1 The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 to 4 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the amount of the hindered phenol compound [1] was changed as shown in Table 1.
- the bottomed preform (PF) described in the above (5) has good visual transparency ( ⁇ ), the haze of the 5000th and 10000th bottle barrels by continuous molding is also good, and other evaluations have no problem. It was. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the hindered phenol compound [1] was not added.
- the bottomed preform (PF) described in the above (5) had good visual transparency ( ⁇ ), and the haze of the 5000th bottle body by continuous bottle molding was 1.8%.
- the haze of the 10,000th bottle body was bad at 4.8%, which was a problem. This result suggests that it is impossible to continuously form a polyester hollow molded body continuously without cleaning the blow molding mold 10,000 times or more per mold.
- Table 2 The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the amount of the hindered phenol compound [1] was changed as shown in Table 2.
- the bottomed preform (PF) described in the above (5) had good visual transparency ( ⁇ ), and the haze of the 5000th bottle body by continuous bottle molding was 1.8%.
- the haze of the 10,000th bottle body was as bad as 4.1%, which was a problem. This result suggests that it is impossible to continuously form a polyester hollow molded body continuously without cleaning the blow molding mold 10,000 times or more per mold.
- Table 2 The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solid-state polymerization temperature was changed to 202 ° C. A PET resin composition having an IV of 0.78 dl / g and a cyclic trimer of 7200 ppm was obtained.
- the bottomed preform (PF) described in the above (5) had a slightly poor visual transparency ( ⁇ ), and the haze of the 5000th bottle body by continuous bottle molding was 2.0%. However, the haze of the 10,000th bottle body was bad at 4.6%, which was a problem. This result suggests that it is impossible to continuously form a polyester hollow molded body continuously without cleaning the blow molding mold 10,000 times or more per mold. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 5 instead of the hindered phenol compound [1], the ethylene glycol solution of the above hindered phenol compound [2] is 150 ppm of hindered phenol compound with respect to the mass of the polyester (0.43 equivalents / ton in hindered phenol structural unit). The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the addition was performed.
- the bottomed preform (PF) described in the above (5) was slightly poor in transparency ( ⁇ ), but the haze of the 5000th bottle body by continuous bottle molding was 3.5%, the 10000th bottle The haze of the trunk was 3.9%.
- Table 2 The results are shown in Table 2.
- the polyester resin composition according to the present invention is a polyester resin composition that is excellent in long-term continuous moldability during melt molding, and can efficiently produce a polyester molded article excellent in transparency and heat-resistant dimensional stability. Furthermore, the molded product obtained from the polyester resin composition is suitably used as a container for food or beverage, packaging material, particularly a heat-resistant container, and greatly contributes to the industry.
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Abstract
Description
果汁飲料、ウーロン茶およびミネラルウォータなどのように熱充填を必要とする飲料の場合には、前記のようにプリフォ-ムまたは成形されたボトルの口栓部を熱処理して結晶化する方法が一般的である。このような方法、すなわち口栓部、肩部を熱処理して耐熱性を向上させる方法は、結晶化処理をする時間・温度が生産性に大きく影響するので、その原料としては、低温でかつ短時間で処理できる、結晶化速度が速いPETであることが好ましい。
また、ボトル胴部の耐熱性を向上させるため、延伸ブロー成形により得られる成形品を成形ブロー型から取り出した後、熱固定用の金型内に保持して熱固定を行う方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)や、ブロー成形型中で延伸ブロー成形と同時に熱固定を行う方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)が知られている。また、一次金型中で延伸ブロー成形と同時に熱処理を行い、成形品を取り出してこれを冷却することなく、二次処理金型中でブロー成形する方法(例えば、特許文献3参照)も知られている。
更には、熱劣化が少ない中空成形体を与えるポリエステルも提案されているが、得られた製品の透明性も悪くなり問題となる(例えば、特許文献6参照)。
前記C-PETシートは、真空成形機などで加熱金型によって連続的に加熱成形されるが、この際、金型にPETオリゴマーやポリオレフィン樹脂およびこのオリゴマーなどが次第に付着蓄積し、その結果、加熱金型面と前記C-PETシートとの離型性が悪くなったり、容器の内面の光沢が悪くなったりして問題となり、解決が望まれている。
即ち、本発明は、以下の構成を有する。
[1] ヒンダードフェノール構造単位を0.035~1.75当量/ton含み、重合触媒としてアンチモン化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有するポリエステル樹脂組成物からなる中空成形体であって、環状三量体含有量が0.5質量%以下、アセトアルデヒド含有量が50ppm以下、固有粘度が0.68~0.90dL/gであることを特徴とするポリエステル中空成形体。
[2] 前記ポリエステル樹脂組成物が、重合触媒の失活処理がされていないポリエステル樹脂組成物であることを特徴とする[1]に記載のポリエステル中空成形体。
[3] 前記ヒンダードフェノール構造単位が、金属塩構造を含まないヒンダードフェノール化合物由来であることを特徴とする[1]又は[2]に記載のポリエステル中空成形体。
[4] ポリエステル樹脂組成物の耐熱酸化分解パラメーター(TOD)が、0.10以下であることを特徴とする[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のポリエステル中空成形体。
[5] ヒンダードフェノール構造単位を0.035~1.75当量/ton含み、重合触媒としてアンチモン化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有するポリエステル樹脂組成物を用いて、一つの金型あたり10000回以上ブロー成形金型を清掃することなく連続して、環状三量体含有量が0.5質量%以下、アセトアルデヒド含有量が50ppm以下、固有粘度が0.68~0.90dL/gであるポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法。
[6] 前記ポリエステル樹脂組成物が、重合触媒の失活処理がされていないポリエステル樹脂組成物であることを特徴とする[5]に記載のポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法。
[7] 前記ヒンダードフェノール構造単位が、金属塩構造を含まないヒンダードフェノール化合物由来であることを特徴とする[5]又は[6]に記載のポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法。
また、本発明に係るポリエステル樹脂組成物を用いて延伸ブロー中空成形体やシート状物を真空成形、圧空成形などの成形法により成形した中空成形体では、150℃以上の高温度に於ける熱固定(ヒート・セット)時に成形体などの表面の肌荒れの発生が少なく、長時間連続生産時でも表面光沢と透明性が低下しない利点を有する。
本発明で用いられるヒンダードフェノール化合物としては、ヒンダードフェノール構造を有する化合物であれば特に限定はされないが、OH基の両隣がt-ブチル基であるもの、一方がt-ブチル基で他方がメチル基である物(セミヒンダードフェノール)、一方がt-ブチル基で他方が水素である物(レスヒンダードフェノール)すべてを含む。したがって、ヒンダードフェノール構造単位とは、OH基の両隣がt-ブチル基であるフェノール構造、一方がt-ブチル基で他方がメチル基であるフェノール構造(セミヒンダードフェノール)、一方がt-ブチル基で他方が水素であるフェノール構造(レスヒンダードフェノール)すべてを指す。また、下記例示の化合物のように、t-ブチル基は、イソプロピル基等の嵩高い基であっても構わない。
また、ヒンダードフェノール化合物を重合中に添加した場合などでは、ヒンダードフェノール化合物がポリエステル中に取り込まれることもあるが、このようにポリエステル分子鎖中に取り込まれたヒンダードフェノール構造部分も含める物とする。
ポリエステル樹脂組成物中のヒンダードフェノール構造単位の含有量(添加量)は、0.035~1.75当量/tonである。ヒンダードフェノール構造単位の含有量(添加量)の下限は、好ましくは0.042当量/tonであり、より好ましくは0.052当量/tonであり、さらに好ましくは0.07当量/tonであり、特に好ましくは0.23当量/tonである。ヒンダードフェノール構造単位の含有量(添加量)の上限は、好ましくは0.75当量/tonであり、より好ましくは0.65当量/tonである。
ポリエステル樹脂組成物中のヒンダードフェノール構造単位の含有量(添加量)が、0.035当量/ton未満や1.75当量/tonを超えると、下記に示す評価法(ボトル連続成形によるポリエステルの成形評価法)によって評価した際に10000本目の延伸中空成形体の胴部のヘイズを4.0以下に維持することが出来なくなる傾向にあり好ましくない。
ヒンダードフェノール化合物が重合時に揮散しやすい場合は、事前に重合テストを行い、揮散する割合を確認した上で、所定の含有量となるように添加量を確定して重合時に添加しても良い。
ポリエステル組成物が上記範囲のヒンダードフェノール構造を上記の範囲で含有することにより、溶融時やブロー成形機での熱によるポリエステル分解物を効果的に抑え、糊の役割を持つポリエステルの分解物を抑制することで、環状三量体が析出しても付着量が少なくなり、ボトルを連続生産する際のボトルヘイズの低下が防げる。
ヒンダードフェノールを含有しない場合、糊の役割を持つポリエステルの分解物が増えることで析出した環状三量体付着量が多くなり、ボトルヘイズが悪化すると考えられる。
ヒンダードフェノール構造単位の含有量(添加量)が1.75当量/tonを超えると、ボトルを連続生産する際のボトルヘイズの低下が見られる傾向にある。ボトルヘイズが悪化するメカニズムの詳細は不明であるが、ヒンダードフェノールがブリードアウトして金型面へ付着すためと推察される。
このようにボトルヘイズの悪化の原因が、環状三量体の増加より、むしろポリエステル分解物の生成であることを突き止め、特定の範囲量のヒンダードフェノールが、ポリエステル分解物の生成の抑制に効果的であることを見出した点が本願発明のポイントである。
金属塩構造を含まないヒンダードフェノール化合物を用いることで、上記評価法で5000本目、さらには10000本目の延伸中空成形体の胴部のヘイズを3.0%以下に維持できる。
また、環状エステルの併用も許容される。該環状エステルとしては、ε-カプロラクトン、β-プロピオラクトン、β-メチル-β-プロピオラクトン、δ-バレロラクトン、グリコリド、ラクチドなどが挙げられる。
これらのジカルボン酸、ヒドロキシカルボン酸などの共重合成分は、カルボン酸成分のうち、0~15モル%が好ましく、より好ましくは0~5モル%の範囲で用いることができる。
上記のポリエステルは、従来公知の製造方法によって製造することが出来る。即ち、PETの場合には、テレフタル酸とエチレングリコ-ル及び必要により他の共重合成分を直接反応させて水を留去し、エステル化して得た低次縮合物を重合触媒の存在の下に減圧下で重縮合させる直接エステル化法、または、テレフタル酸ジメチルとエチレングリコ-ル及び必要により他の共重合成分をエステル交換触媒の存在下に反応させてメチルアルコ-ルを留去しエステル交換して得た低次縮合物を重合触媒の存在の下に減圧下で重縮合を行うエステル交換法により製造される。さらに必要に応じて固有粘度を増大させ、アセトアルデヒド含有量や環状三量体含有量等を低下させる為に固相重合を行ってもよい。固相重合前の結晶化促進のため、溶融重合ポリエステルを吸湿させたあと加熱結晶化させたり、また水蒸気を直接ポリエステルチップに吹きつけて加熱結晶化させたりしてもよい。
これらのアンチモン化合物は、生成するポリエステルの質量に対して残存アンチモン質量として50~400ppm含有させることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは100~350ppmであり、特に好ましくは150~300ppmである。
なお、実際に測定する対象はポリエステル樹脂組成物であっても、「ポリエステルの固有粘度」と記してある。
原料のポリエステル樹脂組成物の環状三量体の含有量を0.3質量%以下としていても、触媒失活がされていない場合は、中空成形体の環状三量体の含有量は通常0.33質量%を超えてしまう。
また、本発明におけるポリエステル樹脂組成物は、これを溶融押出し後に切断した溶融塊を圧縮成形して得たプリフォームを延伸ブロー成形する、所謂、圧縮成形法による延伸中空成形体の製造にも用いることができる。
具体的には、例えば、射出成形または押出成形で一旦プリフォームを成形し、そのままあるいは口栓部、底部を加工後、それを再加熱し、ホットパリソン法あるいはコールドパリソン法などの二軸延伸ブロー成形法が適用される。また、耐熱性中空成形体は、所謂ワン・モールド法やツー・モールド法によって、二軸延伸ブロー成形した後、熱固定することによって成形することができる。
また、上記により得られたポリエステル樹脂組成物を用いることにより、一つの金型あたり10000回以上ブロー成形金型を清掃することなく連続して、環状三量体含有量が0.5質量%以下、アセトアルデヒド含有量が50ppm以下、固有粘度が0.68~0.90dL/gであるポリエステル中空成形体を成形することが可能となる。
ブロー成形金型を清掃することなく連続して成形できる基準としては、連続ブロー成形時に、得られるボトル胴部のヘイズが4.0%以下を維持できておれば、この基準を満足していると言える。より好ましくは、ボトル胴部のヘイズが3.5%以下を維持できておれば、ブロー成形金型を清掃するまでの成形回数を増やすことが期待できる。さらに好ましくは、ボトル胴部のヘイズが3.0%以下を維持できておれば、ブロー成形金型を清掃するまでの成形回数をさらに増やすことが期待できる。
1,1,2,2-テトラクロルエタン/フェノール(2:3質量比)混合溶媒中30℃での溶液粘度から求めた。
(2)触媒金属の定量方法
厚みが5mm、内径50mmのステンレス製円形リング中で、ポリエステル樹脂組成物を融点+20℃に加熱して溶融させてサンプルピースを作成し、蛍光X線分析により、元素量を求め、ppmで表示した。なお、量の決定の際には、あらかじめ各元素量既知のサンプルから求めた検量線を使用した。
試料をヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール/クロロフォルム混合液に溶解し、さらにクロロフォルムを加えて希釈した。これにメタノールを加えてポリマーを沈殿させた後、濾過した。濾液を蒸発乾固し、ジメチルフォルムアミドで定容とし、液体クロマトグラフ法よりエチレンテレフタレート単位から構成される環状三量体を定量した。
試料/蒸留水=1グラム/2ccを窒素置換したガラスアンプルに入れた上部を溶封し、160℃で2時間抽出処理を行い、冷却後抽出液中のアセトアルデヒドを高感度ガスクロマトグラフィーで測定し、濃度をppmで表示した。
試料ポリエステル樹脂組成物を真空乾燥機で乾燥して水分率を100ppm以下とし、名機製作所製150C-DM型射出成形機及びプリフォーム(金型温度5℃)用金型を用いて260~270℃の設定温度で、2.35MPaの射出圧力で28gの有底プリフォーム(PF)を得た。
有底プリフォーム(PF)の口栓部を自家製の口栓部結晶化装置で加熱結晶化させた。
次いで、前記プリフォームをシデル社製のSBO Lab N゜1045タイプ 1Lab ブロー成形機を用いて、160℃に設定した金型内で圧力36barの空気を吹込みながら30秒の成形サイクルにて750bphで縦方法に2.5倍、周方向に3.8倍の倍率で二軸延伸ブローし、引き続き、前記金型内で2.3秒熱固定して、容量が500ccの延伸中空成形体(ボトル)を10000本連続成形した。
5000本目、10000本目のボトルの胴部からの試料をヘイズ測定に供した。
また、これらのボトルから、各測定を行った。測定サンプル量が足りない場合は、前後のボトルから調達した。
上記で得たボトル(胴部肉厚0.3mm)から胴部の試料を切り取り、日本電色(株)製ヘイズメーター、modelNDH2000で測定した。
(7)成形体の結晶化度
硝酸カルシュウム/水混合溶液の密度勾配管で30℃の条件下でサンプルの密度を求めた。これにより、以下の式に従い、結晶化度を算出した。
結晶化度(Xc)=(ρc/ρ)×{(ρ-ρam)/(ρc-ρam)}×100
ρ:測定密度(g/cm3)
ρam:非晶密度(1.335g/cm3)
ρc:結晶密度(1.455g/cm3)
ボトルに95℃の温湯を充填し、キャッピング機によりキャッピングをしたあと容器を倒し放置後、内容物の漏洩を調べた。また、胴部の変形状態も目視で観察し、次の基準により評価した。
○ : 胴部の変形殆どなし
△ : 胴部の変形少しあり
× : 胴部の変形大きい
中空成形体をニッパーで切り取り冷凍粉砕して20メッシュ以下の粉末にした。この粉末を130℃で12時間真空乾燥し、粉末300mgを内径約8mm、長さ約140mmのガラス試験管に入れ70℃で12時間真空乾燥した。次いで、シリカゲルを入れた乾燥管を試験管上部につけて乾燥した空気下で、230℃の塩バスに浸漬して15分間加熱した後の[IV]f1を測定した。TODは、下記のように求めた。ただし、[IV]iおよび[IV]f1はそれぞれ加熱試験前と加熱試験後のIV(dl/g)を指す。冷凍粉砕は、フリーザーミル(米国スペックス社製、6750型)を用いて行った。専用セルに約2gのレジンチップ又はフィルムと専用のインパクターを入れた後、セルを装置にセットし液体窒素を装置に充填して約10分間保持し、次いでRATE10(インパクターが1秒間に約20回前後する)で5分間粉砕を行った。
TOD=0.245{[IV]f1 -1.47-[IV]i -1.47 }
試料3gをガラス製試験管に入れ、窒素雰囲気下で290℃のオイルバスに60分浸漬させ溶融させた。溶融前後で、上記のCT含有量を測定し、増加量を算出した。
(ヒンダードフェノール化合物[1]のエチレングリコール溶液)
Irganox1010(チバ・スペシャルティーケミカルズ社製:テトラキス-[メチル-3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン)をエチレングリコールとともにフラスコに仕込み、窒素ガスを十分に吹き込みながら攪拌下に液温50℃で12時間加熱し、30g/lのヒンダードフェノール化合物のエチレングリコール溶液を調製した。
(ヒンダードフェノール化合物[2]のエチレングリコール溶液)
Irganox1425(チバ・スペシャルティーケミカルズ社製:カルシウム-ビス[3,5‐ジ-tert‐ブチル‐4‐ヒドロキシベンジル(エトキシ)ホスフィナート])をエチレングリコールとともにフラスコに仕込み、窒素ガスを十分に吹き込みながら攪拌下に液温50℃で12時間加熱し、30g/lのヒンダードフェノール化合物のエチレングリコール溶液を調製した。
三酸化アンチモンをエチレングリコールに加熱溶解させた溶液を調製した。
高純度テレフタル酸とその2倍モル量のエチレングリコールを仕込み、トリエチルアミンを酸成分に対して0.3モル%加え、0.25MPaの加圧下250℃にて水を系外に留去しながらエステル化反応を行いエステル化率が約95%のビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)テレフタレートおよびオリゴマーの混合物(以下BHET混合物という)を得た。このBHET混合物に重合触媒として、上記アンチモン化合物のエチレングリコール溶液をアンチモン原子残存量が得られるポリエステルの質量に対して280ppmになるように加え、次いで、窒素雰囲気下常圧にて上記ヒンダードフェノール化合物[1]のエチレングリコール溶液をポリエステルの質量に対してヒンダードフェノール化合物で100ppm(ヒンダードフェノール構造単位で0.34当量/ton)になるように加え、250℃で10分間攪拌した。その後、60分間かけて280℃まで昇温しつつ反応系の圧力を徐々に下げて13.3Pa(0.1Torr)として、さらに280℃、13.3Paで重縮合反応を実施した。放圧に続き、微加圧下のレジンを水中にストランド状に吐出して冷却後、カッターで切断して長さ約3mm、直径約2mmのシリンダー形状のペレットを得た。得られたPET樹脂組成物のIVは0.58dl/gであった。溶融重合で得られたペレットを、減圧乾燥(13.3Pa以下、80℃、12時間)した後、引き続き結晶化処理(13.3Pa以下、130℃、3時間、さらに、13.3Pa以下、160℃、3時間)を行った。放冷後のこのポリエステルペレットを固相重合反応器内で、系内を13.3Pa以下、215℃に保ちながら固相重合を行い、IVが0.78dl/gのPET樹脂組成物を得た。
次いで、各評価を実施した。
上記(5)記載の有底プリフォーム(PF)の目視による透明性は良好(○)で、更には、ボトル連続成形による5000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは1.8%と問題なかった。さらに、10000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは2.0%と良好であり、また結晶化度は35%で十分に結晶化しており、加熱充填試験では漏れはなく、また、胴部の変形もなく問題はなかった。結果を表1に示す。
ヒンダードフェノール化合物[1]の量を表1のように変更する以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。上記(5)記載の有底プリフォーム(PF)の目視による透明性は良好(○)で、連続成形による5000本目、10000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズとも良好であり、その他の評価も問題なかった。結果を表1に示す。
ヒンダードフェノール化合物[1]を添加しない以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
上記(5)記載の有底プリフォーム(PF)の目視による透明性は良好(○)で、ボトル連続成形による5000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは1.8%であった。しかし、10000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは4.8%と悪く、問題であった。一つの金型あたり10000回以上ブロー成形金型を清掃することなく連続して、ポリエステル中空成形体を成形することは不可能であると示唆される結果であった。結果を表2に示す。
ヒンダードフェノール化合物[1]の量を表2のように変更する以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
上記(5)記載の有底プリフォーム(PF)の目視による透明性は良好(○)で、ボトル連続成形による5000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは1.8%であった。しかし、10000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは4.1%と悪く、問題であった。一つの金型あたり10000回以上ブロー成形金型を清掃することなく連続して、ポリエステル中空成形体を成形することは不可能であると示唆される結果であった。結果を表2に示す。
固相重合温度を202℃に変更する以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。IVが0.78dl/g、環状三量体7200ppmのPET樹脂組成物を得た。
上記(5)記載の有底プリフォーム(PF)の目視による透明性はやや悪い(△)で、ボトル連続成形による5000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは2.0%であった。しかし、10000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは4.6%と悪く、問題であった。一つの金型あたり10000回以上ブロー成形金型を清掃することなく連続して、ポリエステル中空成形体を成形することは不可能であると示唆される結果であった。結果を表2に示す。
ヒンダードフェノール化合物[1]の代わりに、上記ヒンダードフェノール化合物[2]のエチレングリコール溶液をポリエステルの質量に対してヒンダードフェノール化合物で150ppm(ヒンダードフェノール構造単位で0.43当量/ton)になるように加える以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。
上記(5)記載の有底プリフォーム(PF)の目視による透明性はやや悪い(△)だったが、ボトル連続成形による5000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは3.5%、10000本目のボトル胴部のヘイズは3.9%であった。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (7)
- ヒンダードフェノール構造単位を0.035~1.75当量/ton含み、重合触媒としてアンチモン化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有するポリエステル樹脂組成物からなる中空成形体であって、環状三量体含有量が0.5質量%以下、アセトアルデヒド含有量が50ppm以下、固有粘度が0.68~0.90dL/gであることを特徴とするポリエステル中空成形体。
- 前記ポリエステル樹脂組成物が、重合触媒の失活処理がされていないポリエステル樹脂組成物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のポリエステル中空成形体。
- 前記ヒンダードフェノール構造単位が、金属塩構造を含まないヒンダードフェノール化合物由来であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のポリエステル中空成形体。
- ポリエステル樹脂組成物の耐熱酸化分解パラメーター(TOD)が、0.10以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリエステル中空成形体。
- ヒンダードフェノール構造単位を0.035~1.75当量/ton含み、重合触媒としてアンチモン化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有するポリエステル樹脂組成物を用いて、一つの金型あたり10000回以上ブロー成形金型を清掃することなく連続して、環状三量体含有量が0.5質量%以下、アセトアルデヒド含有量が50ppm以下、固有粘度が0.68~0.90dL/gであるポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法。
- 前記ポリエステル樹脂組成物が、重合触媒の失活処理がされていないポリエステル樹脂組成物であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法。
- 前記ヒンダードフェノール構造単位が、金属塩構造を含まないヒンダードフェノール化合物由来であることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載のポリエステル中空成形体を成形する方法。
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WO2022234749A1 (ja) | 2021-05-06 | 2022-11-10 | 東洋紡株式会社 | ポリエステル樹脂組成物の製造方法及び回収されたポリエステル樹脂の再生方法 |
KR20240005002A (ko) | 2021-05-06 | 2024-01-11 | 도요보 가부시키가이샤 | 폴리에스테르 수지 조성물의 제조 방법 및 회수된 폴리에스테르 수지의 재생 방법 |
WO2022270505A1 (ja) | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-29 | 東洋紡株式会社 | ポリエステル樹脂組成物の製造方法及び回収されたポリエステル樹脂の再生方法並びにポリエステル樹脂組成物 |
KR20240023168A (ko) | 2021-06-23 | 2024-02-20 | 도요보 가부시키가이샤 | 폴리에스테르 수지 조성물의 제조 방법 및 회수된 폴리에스테르 수지의 재생 방법 및 폴리에스테르 수지 조성물 |
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WO2013153703A1 (ja) | 2013-10-17 |
JPWO2013154043A1 (ja) | 2015-12-17 |
IN2014KN02393A (ja) | 2015-05-01 |
CN104245838A (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
US20150080544A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
TWI554388B (zh) | 2016-10-21 |
CN104245838B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
JP5733407B2 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
TW201343377A (zh) | 2013-11-01 |
US9200110B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
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