WO2012049746A1 - 電極板、二次電池、及び、電極板の製造方法 - Google Patents
電極板、二次電池、及び、電極板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012049746A1 WO2012049746A1 PCT/JP2010/067971 JP2010067971W WO2012049746A1 WO 2012049746 A1 WO2012049746 A1 WO 2012049746A1 JP 2010067971 W JP2010067971 W JP 2010067971W WO 2012049746 A1 WO2012049746 A1 WO 2012049746A1
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- binder
- active material
- current collector
- negative electrode
- coating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode plate in which an active material layer containing at least an active material and a binder is formed on a current collector plate. Moreover, it is related with a secondary battery provided with this electrode plate. Moreover, it is related with the manufacturing method of this electrode plate.
- an electrode plate for a secondary battery that includes a current collector plate and an active material layer formed thereon and containing at least an active material and a binder.
- a positive electrode plate a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material such as lithium metal oxide and a binder such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) on a current collector plate made of aluminum foil.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- Some have an active material layer formed thereon.
- a negative electrode plate there is one in which a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material made of a carbon material and a binder such as PVDF or SBR is formed on a current collector plate made of copper foil.
- an active material layer is obtained by applying an active material paste prepared by dispersing an active material, a binder, or the like in a solvent on a current collector, and then drying a coating film made of the active material paste. Form.
- the binder moves to the coating film surface side together with the solvent as the solvent volatilizes from the coating film surface. For this reason, when the active material layer after the drying step is viewed in the thickness direction, the surface side of the active material layer has more binder, and the current collector plate side has less binder and tends to be unevenly distributed.
- the adhesion strength between the active material layer and the current collector plate is lowered.
- Patent Document 1 an electrode coating liquid (active material paste) kneaded with an active material and a binder is applied on a conductive current collector, and the conductive current collector is coated on the conductive current collector. It is proposed that an active material layer be formed by alternately performing a drying step of drying the electrode coating solution coated on the substrate a plurality of times (see claims of Patent Document 1, etc.). reference). By doing so, it is described that the binder can be prevented from being unevenly distributed in the active material layer.
- the electrode plate of Patent Document 1 described above can still cause a problem that the adhesion strength between the active material layer and the current collector plate is lowered. Moreover, in the manufacturing method of the electrode plate of patent document 1, since a coating process and a drying process are each performed in multiple times, a man-hour increases correspondingly. For this reason, the cost increase of an electrode plate and a secondary battery using the same is caused.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to provide an electrode plate capable of increasing the adhesion strength between an active material layer and a current collector plate. Moreover, it aims at providing a secondary battery provided with this electrode plate. Moreover, it aims at providing the manufacturing method of this electrode plate.
- an electrode plate comprising a current collector plate and an active material layer formed on the current collector plate and containing at least an active material and a binder,
- the active material layer includes a plurality of binders having different glass transition points Tg as the binder, and divides the active material layer in half at the center in the thickness direction to form the surface of the active material layer.
- the amount (A2) of the binder contained in the front side and the binder contained in the current collector side is 1.0 to 1.2, and the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder contained in the surface side portion is It is an electrode plate formed lower than the average glass transition point Tgd of the binder contained in the side portion of the electric plate.
- This electrode plate has a ratio (A2 / A1) between the amount (A2) of the binder contained in the surface side portion of the active material layer and the amount (A1) of the binder contained in the side portion of the current collector plate. ) Is 1.0 to 1.2.
- the active material layer includes a plurality of binders having different glass transition points Tg, but the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder included in the surface side portion is included in the side of the current collector plate. It is lower than the average glass transition point Tgd of the adhesive (Tgu ⁇ Tgd).
- the “electrode plate” a positive electrode plate including a current collector plate made of aluminum foil or the like, and a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material and a binder, a current collector plate made of copper foil or the like, And a negative electrode plate including a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material and a binder.
- the “active material layer” contains at least the active material and the binder, but may contain, for example, a conductive auxiliary agent, a thickener, and the like in addition to these.
- lithium metal oxide positive electrode active material
- lithium cobaltate lithium cobaltate
- lithium manganate lithium nickelate
- graphite graphite
- hard carbon-based carbon material negative electrode active material
- binder examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR).
- conducting aid examples include activated carbon, graphite fine powder, and carbon fiber.
- thickening agent examples include carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
- the active material layer has a first binder as the binder and a glass transition point Tg2 lower than the glass transition point Tg1 of the first binder.
- the surface side part contains more of the second binder than the first binder, and the current collector side part is more than the second binder.
- An electrode plate containing a large amount of the first binder is preferable.
- the active material layer of the electrode plate includes, as a binder, a first binder and a second binder having a glass transition point Tg2 lower than the glass transition point Tg1 of the first binder,
- the surface side part contains more second binder than the first binder, and the current collector side part contains more first binder than the second binder.
- the plurality of binders may be electrode plates made of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) having different glass transition points Tg.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- the plurality of binders described above are all styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). Since SBR has a strong binding force, the amount of the binder contained in the active material layer is reduced so that the resistance generated in the active material layer itself is reduced, while the adhesion strength between the active material layer and the current collector plate is sufficiently high. it can.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- another aspect is a secondary battery provided with any one of the electrode plates described above.
- Another embodiment includes a current collector plate and an active material layer formed on the current collector plate and including at least an active material and a binder, and the active material layer is used as the binder, A plurality of binders having different glass transition points Tg are included, the active material layer is divided in half at the center in the thickness direction, the side forming the surface of the active material layer is the surface side, and the current collector plate side is When the current collecting plate side part is used, the ratio (A2) between the amount (A2) of the binder contained in the surface side part and the amount (A1) of the binder contained in the current collector side part.
- the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder contained in the surface side portion of the binder contained in the current collector plate side portion is A method for producing an electrode plate that is lower than an average glass transition point Tgd, comprising at least one of the plurality of binders, A first coating binder having a glass transition point Tga and a first active material paste containing the active material are applied onto the current collector plate, and the first active material paste is applied onto the current collector plate.
- a first coating step for forming a first coating film comprising: an average glass transition of the first coating binder comprising at least one of the plurality of binders after the first coating step;
- a second coating binder having an average glass transition point Tgb lower than the point Tga and a second active material paste containing the active material are applied onto the first coating film, and the first coating film
- the electrode plate manufactured by this electrode plate manufacturing method includes the above-described active material layer, that is, the amount of the binder on the surface side (A2) and the amount of the binder on the current collector side (A1) Ratio (A2 / A1) is 1.0 to 1.2, and the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder on the surface side is equal to the average glass transition point Tgd of the binder on the current collector side.
- the active material layer is lowered. Therefore, the adhesion strength between the active material and the current collector plate can be increased.
- the active material layer is formed by performing the first coating step, the second coating step, and the drying step in this order, an active material layer having the above-described characteristics can be easily formed. Can be formed. That is, in this manufacturing method, the coating film in which the first coating film and the second coating film formed by the first coating process and the second coating process are overlapped is dried. Then, as the solvent volatilizes from the coating surface, the binder tends to move to the coating surface side together with the solvent. However, the binder having a higher glass transition point Tg is more viscous when compared under the same temperature condition.
- the first coating binder having a relatively high glass transition point Tg contained in the first coating film has a relatively low glass transition point Tg contained in the second coating film. It is harder to move than the second coating binder. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the uneven distribution of the binder in the active material layer after the drying step (the uneven distribution in which the binder is more on the surface side and the binder is less on the current collector side). Thus, the above-described active material layer is formed. Further, in this electrode plate manufacturing method, it is not necessary to perform the drying process a plurality of times for each of the first and second coating processes, and it is sufficient to perform the process after the second coating process.
- the “first active material paste” and the “second active material paste” may be formed, for example, by kneading a solvent such as water or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) with an active material or a binder.
- a solvent such as water or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP)
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- a conductive additive or a thickener can be added to the “first active material paste” and the “second active material paste”.
- first coating film on the current collector plate As a technique for applying the first coating film on the current collector plate and a technique for applying the second coating film on the first coating film, known printing techniques can be appropriately selected. For example, a gravure method, a gravure reverse method, a die coating method, a slide coating method and the like can be mentioned. Further, the thicknesses of the “first coating film” and the “second coating film” are not necessarily equal, and can be appropriately changed. That is, it is not necessary to correspond the “first coating film” and the “current collector plate side portion” of the active material layer, and the “second coating film” and the “surface side portion” of the active material layer without any excess or deficiency. .
- the “first coating film” is formed thin and the “second coating film” is formed thick, and the “current collector side” of the active material layer is formed of “first coating film” and “second coating film”. While forming from a part, a "surface side part” can be formed from the remainder of a "2nd coating film”. Or, conversely, the “first coating film” is thick and the “second coating film” is formed thin, and the “current collector plate side portion” of the active material layer is formed from a part of the “first coating film”. At the same time, the “surface side portion” can be formed from the remaining portion of the “first coating film” and the “second coating film”.
- the weight concentration of the second coating binder in the solid content contained in the second active material paste is determined as the solid content contained in the first active material paste.
- the electrode plate manufacturing method uses the first active material paste and the second active material paste, which is lower than the weight concentration of the first coating binder.
- the first and second active material pastes are used to form the first and second coating films, and the active material layer is formed from these coating films.
- the value of the ratio (A2 / A1) between the amount of the binder on the surface side (A2) and the amount of the binder (A1) on the current collector side can be more effectively suppressed. Can be made smaller (a value closer to 1.0). That is, in this manufacturing method, the coating film in which the first coating film and the second coating film formed using the first and second active material pastes described above are dried. Then, with the volatilization of the solvent from the coating film surface, the binder is moved to the coating film surface side together with the solvent, but the binder contained in the first coating film (first coating binder).
- the binder contained in the second coating film (second coating binder), so that the binder is unevenly distributed in the active material layer after the drying step (the binding agent is closer to the surface side).
- the uneven distribution in which the binder is reduced as the current collecting plate side is more effectively suppressed.
- the adhesion strength between the active material layer and the current collector plate can be further increased.
- the active material layer includes, as the binder, a first binder and a glass transition point Tg1 of the first binder.
- a second binder having a low glass transition point Tg2 the surface side portion contains more of the second binder than the first binder
- the current collector side portion includes: More of the first binder than the second binder, and in the first coating step, as the first coating binder, the first binder and the second binder Among them, the first active material paste comprising at least the first binder is used, and in the second coating step, the first binder and the second binder are used as the second coating binder.
- the electrode plate manufacturing method uses the second active material paste made of at least the second binder among the agents.
- the above-described method can be achieved by using only two types of binders (first binder and second binder) without using a large number of binders. Therefore, the active material layer can be easily formed.
- the manufacturing method of the electrode plate uses styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) having different glass transition points Tg as the plurality of binders. good.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lithium ion secondary battery according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a wound electrode body according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a positive electrode plate according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating the negative electrode plate according to the first embodiment.
- 3 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a negative electrode plate according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a top view which concerns on Embodiment 1 and shows a separator.
- FIG. 3 is a partial plan view illustrating a state in which the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are overlapped with each other via a separator according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a case lid member, a positive electrode terminal member, a negative electrode terminal member, and the like according to the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the 1st coating film and the 2nd coating film were formed on the electrically conductive collector plate regarding the manufacturing method of the negative electrode plate which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing a negative electrode plate according to the second embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the 1st coating film and the 2nd coating film were formed on the electrically conductive collector plate regarding the manufacturing method of the negative electrode plate which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing adhesion strength Ka of negative electrode plates according to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5. It is explanatory drawing which shows the vehicle which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the battery using apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 1 shows a lithium ion secondary battery (secondary battery) 100 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a wound electrode body 120 constituting the lithium ion secondary battery 100. Further, a positive electrode plate (electrode plate) 121 constituting the wound electrode body 120 is shown in FIG. 3, a negative electrode plate (electrode plate) 131 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and a separator 141 is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which the positive electrode plate 121 and the negative electrode plate 131 are overlapped with each other with the separator 141 interposed therebetween.
- FIG. 8 shows details of the case lid member 113, the positive electrode terminal member 150, the negative electrode terminal member 160, and the like.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 100 is a prismatic battery that is mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, or a battery using device such as a hammer drill.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 100 includes a rectangular battery case 110, a wound electrode body 120 accommodated in the battery case 110, a positive electrode terminal member 150 and a negative electrode terminal member 160 supported by the battery case 110. Etc. (see FIG. 1).
- an electrolyte solution (not shown) is injected into the battery case 110.
- the battery case 110 is composed of a box-shaped case main body member 111 opened only on the upper side, and a rectangular plate-shaped case cover member 113 welded in a form to close the opening 111 h of the case main body member 111.
- the case lid member 113 is provided with a safety valve portion 113j and an electrolyte solution inlet 113d (see FIGS. 1 and 8).
- a positive electrode terminal member 150 and a negative electrode terminal member 160 each constituted by three terminal fittings 151, 152, and 153 are provided via three insulating members 155, 156, and 157, respectively. It is fixed (see FIG. 8).
- the positive electrode terminal member 150 is connected to a positive electrode current collector 121m described later in the wound electrode body 120
- the negative electrode terminal member 160 is connected to a negative electrode current collector 131m described later in the wound electrode body 120. (See FIG. 1).
- the wound electrode body 120 is housed in an insulating film enclosure 115 formed in a bag shape with only the upper opening of the insulating film, and is housed in the battery case 110 in a laid state (FIG. 1). reference).
- the wound electrode body 120 includes a long positive electrode plate 121 (see FIG. 3) and a long negative electrode plate 131 (see FIGS. 4 and 5), and a long separator 141 having air permeability. (See FIG. 6), and wound around the axis AX and compressed into a flat shape (see FIGS. 7 and 2).
- the positive electrode plate 121 has a current collector plate 122 made of an aluminum foil having a long shape and a thickness of 15 ⁇ m as a core material, as shown in FIG. 3.
- positive electrode active material layers (active material layers) 123, 123 each having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m on one side are formed on a part of the width direction and extending in the longitudinal direction. It is provided in a strip shape in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 3).
- the positive electrode active material layer 123 is composed of a positive electrode active material (active material), a conductive additive, and a binder.
- LiNiCoMnO 2 is used as the positive electrode active material
- acetylene black is used as the conductive auxiliary agent
- PVDF is used as the binder.
- a strip-shaped portion where the current collector plate 122 and the positive electrode active material layers 123 and 123 exist in the thickness direction of the positive electrode plate 121 is the positive electrode portion 121 w.
- the positive electrode portion 121w faces a negative electrode portion 131w (described later) of the negative electrode plate 131 through the separator 141 in a state where the wound electrode body 120 is configured (see FIG. 7).
- one end portion (upward in FIG. 3) in the width direction of the current collector plate 122 extends in a strip shape in the longitudinal direction, and its thickness direction
- the positive electrode active material layer 123 does not exist in the positive electrode current collector 121m.
- the separator 141 is made of a resin such as polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE), is porous, and has a long shape as shown in FIG.
- PP polypropylene
- PE polyethylene
- the negative electrode plate 131 has a current collector plate 132 made of a copper foil having a long shape and a thickness of 10 ⁇ m as a core material. On both main surfaces of the current collector plate 132, on the part extending in the longitudinal direction and extending in the longitudinal direction, negative electrode active material layers (active material layers) 133 and 133 each having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m on one side are respectively provided. It is provided in a strip shape in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 4).
- a strip-shaped portion where the current collector plate 132 and the negative electrode active material layers 133 and 133 are present in the thickness direction of the negative electrode plate 131 is the negative electrode portion 131w.
- the entire area of the negative electrode portion 131w faces the separator 141 in a state where the wound electrode body 120 is configured.
- one end portion (downward in FIG. 4) in the width direction of the current collector plate 132 extends in a strip shape in the longitudinal direction, and its thickness direction
- the negative electrode current collector part 131m in which the negative electrode active material layer 133 does not exist is formed.
- a part of the negative electrode current collector 131m in the width direction protrudes from the separator 141 to the other axial side SB in a spiral shape (see FIGS. 2 and 7).
- the negative electrode active material layer 133 is composed of a negative electrode active material (active material), a binder 135 and a thickener.
- active material negative electrode active material
- binder 135 for convenience of explanation, only the binder 135 is shown in the form of particles.
- natural graphite is used as the negative electrode active material
- carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used as the thickener.
- the binder 135 includes a first binder 135e having a glass transition point Tg1 of 30 ° C., a glass transition point Tg2 lower than the glass transition point Tg1 of the first binder 135e, and a glass transition point Tg2 of ⁇ 40 ° C.
- a second binder 135f for convenience of explanation, only the binder 135 is shown in the form of particles.
- natural graphite is used as the negative electrode active material
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- the binder 135 includes a first binder 135e having a glass transition point Tg1 of 30
- the first binder 135e and the second binder 135f are both styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR).
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- the negative electrode active material layer 133 is divided in half at the center in the thickness direction, and the side forming the surface 133a of the negative electrode active material layer 133 is the surface side portion 133f and the current collector plate 132 side. Is the current collector plate side portion 133e. Then, the ratio (A2 / A1) of the amount (A2) of the binder 135 contained in the surface side portion 133f and the amount (A1) of the binder 135 contained in the current collector side portion 133e is 1. 0 to 1.2 (1.1 in the first embodiment).
- the surface side portion 133f contains more second binder 135f than the first binder 135e, and conversely, the current collector plate side portion 133e has the first binding than the second binder 135f. It contains a large amount of the adhesive 135e. For this reason, the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder 135 contained in the surface side portion 133f is lower than the average glass transition point Tgd of the binder 135 contained in the current collector plate side portion 133e ( Tgu ⁇ Tgd).
- the amount (A1) of the binder 135 contained in the current collector side part 133e and the amount (A2) of the binder 135 contained in the surface side part 133f were determined as follows. That is, the negative electrode plate 131 is dyed with bromine (Br), and bromine adheres to the binder 135 present in the negative electrode active material layer 133. Thereafter, the distribution of bromine in the thickness direction of the negative electrode active material 131 is mapped by an electron beam microanalyzer (abbreviation: EPMA).
- EPMA electron beam microanalyzer
- the amount of bromine appearing in this map is image-processed, and the amount (A1) of the binder 135 on the current collector side portion 133e and the amount (A2) of the binder 135 on the surface side portion 133f are respectively numerical values. And the ratio (A2 / A1) was calculated. In addition, by counting the number of binder 135 particles by SEM observation, the amount (A1) of the binder 135 on the current collector side portion 133e and the amount (A2) of the binder 135 on the surface side portion 133f are respectively determined. The ratio (A2 / A1) may be calculated.
- the surface side portion 133f contains more second binder 135f than the first binder 135e
- the current collector plate side portion 133e contains more than the second binder 135f. It was confirmed as follows that a large amount of the first binder 135e was contained. That is, the negative electrode active material layer 133 is scraped off from the current collector plate 132 into the current collector side portion 133e and the surface side portion 133f, and these are used as samples to perform DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). Judged from.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the negative electrode plate 131 includes the amount (A2) of the binder 135 included in the surface side portion 133f of the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate side portion 133e.
- the ratio (A2 / A1) to the amount (A1) of the binder 135 contained in the binder is 1.0 to 1.2 (specifically 1.1).
- the negative electrode active material layer 133 includes a plurality of binders (specifically, the first binder 135e and the second binder 135f) having different glass transition points Tg, but the surface side portion 133f.
- the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder 135 contained in the binder 135 is set lower than the average glass transition point Tgd of the binder 135 contained in the current collector side portion 131e (Tgu ⁇ Tgd).
- the negative electrode active material layer 133 of the negative electrode plate 131 of Embodiment 1 includes a first binder 135e as a binder 135 and a glass transition point lower than the glass transition point Tg1 of the first binder 135e. And a second binder 135f having Tg2. Moreover, the surface side portion 133f contains more second binder 135f than the first binder 135e, and the current collector plate side portion 133e has the first binder 135e rather than the second binder 135f. Contains a lot.
- the adhesion strength between the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate 132 can be increased by using only two types of binders 135e and 135f without using a large number of binders.
- the resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 100 can be lowered.
- the first binder 135e and the second binder 135f are both styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). Since SBR has a strong binding force, the amount of the binder 135 contained in the negative electrode active material layer 133 is reduced, and the resistance generated in the negative electrode active material layer 133 itself is kept low, while the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate 132 are reduced. Adhesion strength with can be sufficiently increased. In addition, since the lithium ion secondary battery 100 according to the first embodiment includes such a negative electrode plate 131, the performance and durability of the lithium ion secondary battery 100 can be increased.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- the positive electrode plate 121 is manufactured. That is, a current collector plate 122 made of a long aluminum foil is prepared. A positive electrode active material paste (active material paste) containing a positive electrode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder, while leaving a strip-shaped positive electrode current collector 121m extending in the longitudinal direction on one main surface of the current collector plate 122. ) And dried with hot air to form a strip-like positive electrode active material layer 123.
- active material paste active material paste
- the positive electrode active material paste is applied to the main surface on the opposite side of the current collector plate 122 while leaving the strip-shaped positive electrode current collector portion 121m, and dried with hot air, so that the strip-shaped positive electrode active material layer 123 is applied. Form. Then, in order to improve an electrode density, the positive electrode active material layers 123 and 123 are compressed with a pressure roll. Thus, the positive electrode plate 121 is formed (see FIG. 3).
- the negative electrode plate 131 is manufactured. That is, a current collector plate 132 made of a long copper foil is prepared. A negative electrode active material paste (active material paste) containing a negative electrode active material, a binder and a thickener while leaving a strip-shaped negative electrode current collector portion 131m extending in the longitudinal direction on one main surface of the current collector plate 132. ) KP1 and KP2 are applied and dried with hot air to form a strip-like negative electrode active material layer 133.
- active material paste active material paste
- KP1 and KP2 are applied and dried with hot air to form a strip-like negative electrode active material layer 133.
- a first negative electrode active material paste (first active material paste) KP1 containing a negative electrode active material, a first coating binder, and a thickener is collected by a die coating method. Coating is performed on the electric plate 132, and a first coating film 133x having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m made of the first negative electrode active material paste KP1 is formed on the current collecting plate 132 (see FIG. 9).
- the negative electrode active material naturally graphite
- the negative electrode active material: first coating binder: thickener A first negative electrode active material paste KP1 was prepared by dispersing in a solvent (specifically water) at a ratio (weight ratio) of 98: 1.2: 1.
- the first coating binder is composed of only the first binder 135e (SBR having a glass transition point Tg1 of 30 ° C.). Therefore, the average glass transition point Tga of this first coating binder is 30 ° C.
- the second coating step is performed without performing the step of drying the first coating film 133x. That is, a second negative electrode active material paste (second active material paste) KP2 containing a negative electrode active material, a second coating binder, and a thickener is applied on the first coating film 133x by a die coating method. A second coating film 133y having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m made of the second negative electrode active material paste KP2 is formed on one coating film 133x (see FIG. 9). Thereby, the coating film 133z in which the first coating film 133x and the second coating film 133y overlap is formed.
- second negative electrode active material paste second active material paste
- the negative electrode active material naturally graphite
- the second coating binder and the thickener CMC
- the negative electrode active material: the second coating binder: the thickener A second negative electrode active material paste KP2 was prepared by dispersing in a solvent (specifically, water) at a ratio (weight ratio) of 98: 0.8: 1.
- the weight concentration N2 of the second coating binder (second binder 135f) in the solid content excluding the solvent contained in the second negative electrode active material paste KP2 is contained in the first negative electrode active material paste KP1.
- X100 1.20 wt%.
- the coating film 133z is dried (the first coating film 133x and the second coating film 133y are dried simultaneously), and the coating film 133z (the first coating film 133x and the second coating film 133y) is used.
- a negative electrode active material layer 133 is formed.
- drying was performed with hot air at 120 ° C. for 4 minutes.
- the current collector plate side portion 133e extends from the first coating film 133x to the second coating film 133x.
- a surface side portion 133f is formed from the film 133y.
- the negative electrode active material pastes KP1 and KP2 are applied to the main surface on the opposite side of the current collector plate 132 while leaving the band-shaped negative electrode current collector portion 131m, and dried with hot air to form a band-shaped negative electrode active material layer.
- 133 is formed. That is, the first coating process, the second coating process, and the drying process described above are performed again to form the negative electrode active material layer 133 on the main surface on the opposite side of the current collector plate 132. Then, in order to improve an electrode density, the negative electrode active material layers 133 and 133 are compressed with a pressure roll. Thus, the negative electrode plate 131 is formed (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
- the negative electrode plate 131 manufactured by the manufacturing method of Embodiment 1 is the above-described negative electrode active material layer 133, that is, the amount (A2) of the binder 135 in the surface side portion 133f and the binding plate side portion 133e.
- the ratio (A2 / A1) to the amount (A1) of the agent 135 is 1.0 to 1.2 (specifically 1.1), and the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder 135 of the surface side portion 133f.
- Tga average glass transition point
- a coating film 133z composed of the first coating film 133x and the second coating film 133y is formed using the first and second negative electrode active material pastes KP1 and KP2 that have been subjected to Tga.
- the binder 135 tends to move to the surface 133za side together with the solvent.
- the first binder 135e having a high glass transition point Tg1 has a higher viscosity and is less likely to move than the second binder 135f having a low glass transition point Tg2. Therefore, the first coating binder (first binder 135e) having a relatively high glass transition point Tg contained in the first coating film 133x is relatively contained in the second coating film 133y. In particular, it is harder to move than the second coating binder (second binder 135f) having a low glass transition point Tg.
- the uneven distribution of the binder 135 in the negative electrode active material layer 133 after the drying step (the uneven distribution in which the binder 135 is more on the surface 133a side and the binder 135 is less on the current collector 132 side) can be suppressed.
- the weight concentration N2 (specifically 0.80 wt%) of the second coating binder (second binder 135f) in the solid content contained in the second negative electrode active material paste KP2.
- the weight concentration N1 (specifically 1.20 wt%) of the first coating binder (first binder 135e) in the solid content contained in the first negative electrode active material paste KP1.
- a coating film 133z composed of the first and second coating films 133x and 133y is formed.
- the binder 135 tends to move to the surface 133za side together with the solvent, but is included in the first coating film 133x.
- the amount of the first coating binder (first binder 135e) is higher than the second coating binder (second binder 135f) contained in the second coating film 133y.
- the uneven distribution of the binder 135 in the negative electrode active material layer 133 after the process can be more effectively suppressed.
- the value of the ratio (A2 / A1) between the amount (A2) of the binder 135 on the surface side portion 133f and the amount (A1) of the binder 135 on the current collector side portion 133e will be described later. It can be suppressed (1.1) smaller than (1.2) in the case of the second embodiment. Thus, the adhesion strength between the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate 132 can be further increased, and the resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 100 using the negative electrode plate 131 can be further decreased.
- first binder 135e and second binder 135f two types of binders (first binder 135e and second binder 135f) are used without using many binders. Since the negative electrode active material layer 133 is formed, the negative electrode active material layer 133 can be easily formed.
- styrene-butadiene rubber is used as the first binder 135e and the second binder 135f. Since SBR has a strong binding force, the amount of the first binder 135e added to the first negative electrode active material paste KP1 and the amount of the second binder 135f added to the second negative electrode active material paste KP2 are reduced. Thus, the adhesion strength between the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate 132 can be sufficiently increased while reducing the resistance generated in the negative electrode active material layer 133 itself.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- a long separator 141 is prepared, the positive electrode plate 121 and the negative electrode plate 131 are overlapped with each other via the separator 141 (see FIG. 7), and wound around the axis AX using a winding core. Thereafter, it is compressed into a flat shape (see FIG. 2).
- a case lid member 113, three types of insulating members 155, 156, and 157 and three types of terminal fittings 151, 152, and 153 are prepared (see FIG. 8).
- 150 and the negative electrode terminal member 160 are fixed, the positive electrode terminal member 150 is connected to the positive current collector 121m of the wound electrode body 120, and the negative electrode terminal member 160 is connected to the negative current collector 131m.
- the case body member 111 is prepared, and the wound electrode body 120 is inserted into the case body member 111.
- the battery case 110 is formed by welding the case lid member 113 and the case main body member 111 by laser welding.
- an electrolytic solution is injected into the battery case 110 from the electrolytic solution injection port 113d, and the electrolytic solution injection port 113d is sealed.
- high temperature aging and various inspections are performed.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 100 is completed. Since the lithium ion secondary battery 100 includes the negative electrode plate 131 described above, the adhesion strength between the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate 132 is high, and the durability is good.
- the distribution pattern of the binder 135 in the negative electrode active material layer 233 is the same as that of the negative electrode plate 131 and the lithium ion secondary battery 100 according to the first embodiment. Different from the negative electrode active material layer 133. Further, the manufacturing method of the negative electrode plate 231 is also different from the manufacturing method of the negative electrode plate 131 of the first embodiment. Other than that, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and the description of the same parts as the first embodiment is omitted or simplified.
- the negative electrode plate 231 according to the second embodiment has a current collector plate 132 similar to that of the first embodiment, and negative electrode active material layers 233 and 233 are formed on both main surfaces thereof. ing.
- the negative electrode active material layer 233 of the second embodiment is similar to the negative electrode active material layer 133 of the first embodiment in that the negative electrode active material layer 233 is also composed of a negative electrode active material, a binder 135 and a thickener.
- the distribution pattern 135 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, the negative electrode active material layer 233 is divided into halves at the center in the thickness direction as shown by a broken line in FIG.
- the side forming the surface 233a of the negative electrode active material layer 233 is the surface side portion 233f, and the current collector plate
- the 132 side is referred to as a current collector side portion 233e.
- A1) is 1.2 (1.1 in the first embodiment).
- the surface side portion 233f has more second binder 135f than the first binder 135e.
- the current collector plate side portion 233e contains the first binder 135e more than the second binder 135f.
- the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder 135 contained in the surface side part 233f is lower than the average glass transition point Tgd of the binder 135 contained in the current collector side part 233e ( Tgu ⁇ Tgd).
- the ratio (A2 / A1) is 1.0 to 1.2, and the relationship between the average glass transition points Tgu and Tgd is Tgu ⁇ Tgd.
- the adhesion strength between the layer 233 and the current collector plate 132 can be increased, and the resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 200 using the negative electrode plate 231 can be decreased.
- the performance and durability of the lithium ion secondary battery 200 can be increased.
- the same parts as those of the first embodiment have the same effects as those of the first embodiment.
- First negative electrode active material paste (first active material paste) KP3 dispersed in a solvent (water) at a ratio (weight ratio) of first coating binder: thickening agent 98: 1: 1 is prepared.
- the first coating binder is composed only of the first binder 135e (SBR having a glass transition point Tg1 of 30 ° C.).
- the average glass transition point Tga of the first coating binder is 30 ° C.
- a current collector plate 132 made of a long copper foil is separately prepared, and as the first coating process, the first negative electrode active material paste KP3 is applied on the current collector plate 132, and the first negative electrode active material paste KP3 is applied.
- the 1st coating film 233x which consists of was formed (refer FIG. 11).
- the weight concentration N2 of the second coating binder (second binder 135f) in the solid content contained in the second negative electrode active material paste KP2 is set in the first negative electrode active material paste KP1.
- the weight concentration N1 of the first coating binder (first binder 135e) in the solid content was lower (N2 ⁇ N1).
- this 2nd negative electrode active material paste KP4 was apply
- the coating film 233z in which the first coating film 233x and the second coating film 233y overlap is formed.
- the drying process was performed similarly to the said Embodiment 1, the coating film 233z was dried, and the negative electrode active material layer 233 was formed.
- the first coating step, the second coating step, and the drying step are similarly performed on the main surface on the opposite side of the current collector plate 132, and the main surface on the opposite side of the current collector plate 132 is also A negative electrode active material layer 233 was formed. Thereafter, the negative electrode active material layers 233 and 233 were compressed by a pressure roll to complete the negative electrode plate 231 (see FIG. 10).
- the binder 135 tends to move to the surface 233za side together with the solvent.
- the first binder 135e having a high glass transition point Tg1 has a higher viscosity and is less likely to move than the second binder 135f having a low glass transition point Tg2. Therefore, the first coating binder (first binder 135e) having a relatively high glass transition point Tg contained in the first coating film 233x is relatively contained in the second coating film 233y. In particular, it is harder to move than the second coating binder (second binder 135f) having a low glass transition point Tg.
- the amount (A2) of the binder 135 on the surface side portion 233f and the binder 135 on the current collector side portion 233e can be suppressed to 1.2. Also in the manufacturing method of the second embodiment, it is not necessary to perform the drying step a plurality of times for each of the first and second coating steps, and it is sufficient to perform the drying step after the second coating step. In addition, the same parts as those of the first embodiment have the same effects as those of the first embodiment.
- the negative electrode plate 131 of the first embodiment was prepared as Example 1 of the present invention
- the negative electrode plate 231 of the second embodiment was prepared as Example 2.
- the ratio (A2 / A1) to the amount (A1) of the agent 135 was 1.1.
- the average glass transition point Tgu of the binder 135 contained in the surface side portion 133f was lower than the average glass transition point Tgd of the binder 135 contained in the current collector side portion 133e (Tgu ⁇ Tgd ).
- the overall evaluation of the uneven distribution of the binder 135 in the negative electrode active material 133 was “ ⁇ (uneven distribution is very small) ”. This comprehensive evaluation is a visual evaluation of an image obtained by attaching bromine to the above-described binder 135 and mapping the distribution by EPMA.
- the ratio (A2 / A1) was 1.2, and the relationship between the average glass transition points Tgu and Tgd was Tgu ⁇ Tgd. Further, the overall evaluation of the uneven distribution of the binder 135 in the negative electrode active material 233 was “ ⁇ (small uneven distribution)”.
- the overall evaluation of the uneven distribution of the binder 135 in this negative electrode active material was “ ⁇ (large uneven distribution)”.
- the negative electrode active material layer is a negative electrode active material paste in which the first binder 135e and the second binder 135f are kneaded at the same ratio as the binder 135 (negative electrode active material: first binder: second binder).
- Agent: thickener 98: 0.5: 0.5: 1), and only one coating and drying were performed.
- the overall evaluation of the uneven distribution of the binder 135 in this negative electrode active material was “x”.
- a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode active material layer in which the ratio (A2 / A1) was 1.6 and the relationship between the average glass transition points Tgu and Tgd was Tgu> Tgd was prepared.
- a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode active material layer in which the ratio (A2 / A1) was 1.8 and the relationship between the average glass transition points Tgu and Tgd was Tgu> Tgd was prepared.
- the adhesion strength test between the negative electrode active material layers 133 and 233 and the current collector plate 132 was performed on each of the negative electrode plates 131 and 231 of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5. That is, a test electrode plate piece SD having a size of 120 mm ⁇ 15 mm is cut out from the negative electrode portion 131w of the negative electrode plate 131 and the like according to each example (see FIG. 12). Also, a test stand DA on which the double-sided adhesive tape NT is affixed is prepared and fixed horizontally so as not to move.
- the one end side portion SD1 of 40 mm ⁇ 15 mm is left from one end of the cut strip-shaped electrode plate for testing SD, and the other end side portion SD2 of 80 mm ⁇ 15 mm is adhered to the double-sided adhesive tape NT.
- the force Fa () applied to grasp the one end side portion SD1 and lift it vertically and peel the test electrode plate piece SD (the other end side portion SD2) from the double-sided adhesive tape NT. N) is measured.
- the adhesion strength Ka between the negative electrode active material layer and the current collector plate can be increased as compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
- the adhesion strength Ka can be higher in the first embodiment than in the second embodiment.
- the ratio (A2 / A1) of the amount (A2) of the binder on the surface side and the amount (A1) of the binder on the current collector side is 1.0 to 1.2,
- Tgu ⁇ Tgd average glass transition point
- the vehicle 700 according to the third embodiment is equipped with the lithium ion secondary battery 100 of the first embodiment, and the electric energy stored in the lithium ion secondary battery 100 is used as all or part of the drive energy of the drive source. It is what you use.
- the vehicle 700 is a hybrid vehicle that is mounted with a plurality of lithium ion secondary batteries 100 and is driven by using an engine 740, a front motor 720, and a rear motor 730 in combination as shown in FIG.
- the hybrid vehicle 700 includes a vehicle body 790, an engine 740, a front motor 720, a rear motor 730, a cable 750, and an inverter 760 attached thereto.
- the hybrid vehicle 700 includes an assembled battery 710 having a plurality of lithium ion secondary batteries 100, 100,... Inside thereof, and electric energy stored in the assembled battery 710 is used as a front motor 720 and a rear motor 730. It is used for driving.
- the negative electrode plate 131 can increase the adhesion strength between the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate 132 and can reduce the resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 100 using the negative electrode active material layer 133. 100 performance and durability can be increased. Therefore, the performance and durability of the hybrid vehicle 700 equipped with this can be improved.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 200 of the second embodiment may be mounted.
- a battery using device 800 according to the fourth embodiment includes the lithium ion secondary battery 100 of the first embodiment and uses the lithium ion secondary battery 100 as at least one energy source.
- the battery using device 800 is a hammer drill equipped with a battery pack 810 including the lithium ion secondary battery 100 of the first embodiment.
- a battery pack 810 is accommodated in a bottom portion 821 of a main body 820, and the battery pack 810 is used as an energy source for driving the drill.
- the negative electrode plate 131 can increase the adhesion strength between the negative electrode active material layer 133 and the current collector plate 132 and can reduce the resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 100 using the negative electrode active material layer 133. 100 performance and durability can be increased. Therefore, the performance and durability of the battery-using device 800 equipped with this can be increased.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 200 of the second embodiment may be mounted.
- the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be appropriately modified and applied without departing from the gist thereof. Yes.
- the present invention is applied to the negative electrode plates 131 and 231 and the manufacturing method thereof, but the present invention can also be applied to the positive electrode plate 121 and the manufacturing method thereof.
- the first coating binder is the first negative electrode active material paste KP1 including only the first binder 135e
- the second coating binder is the second binder 135f.
- the negative electrode active material layers 133 and 233 are formed using the second negative electrode active material paste KP2 made of only, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the second coating binder is the first binder 135e and the second binder.
- a second negative electrode active material paste made of the binder 135f can also be used.
- the average glass transition point Tgb of the second coating binder is set lower than the average glass transition point Tga of the first coating binder (Tgb ⁇ Tga).
- the 1st negative electrode active material paste which a 1st coating binder consists of 3 or more types of binders and the 2nd negative electrode active material paste which a 2nd coating binder consists of 3 types or more of binders.
- the average glass transition point Tgb of the second coating binder is set lower than the average glass transition point Tga of the first coating binder (Tgb ⁇ Tga).
- the hybrid vehicle 700 is exemplified as a vehicle on which the lithium ion secondary batteries 100 and 200 of the present invention are mounted.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- Examples of other vehicles include electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, hybrid railway vehicles, forklifts, electric wheelchairs, electric assist bicycles, electric scooters, and the like.
- the hammer drill 800 is exemplified as the battery-using device on which the lithium ion secondary batteries 100 and 200 of the present invention are mounted.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Examples of other battery-powered devices include personal computers, mobile phones, battery-powered electric tools, uninterruptible power supply devices, and other home appliances driven by batteries, office equipment, and industrial equipment.
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Abstract
Description
また、「活物質層」は、前述のように、少なくとも活物質及び結着剤を含むものであるが、これら以外に例えば導電助剤や増粘剤等を含んでいてもよい。
「結着剤(バインダ)」としては、例えば、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)やスチレン・ブタジエンゴム(SBR)などが挙げられる。
「導電助剤」としては、例えば、活性炭や黒鉛微粉、炭素繊維などが挙げられる。
「増粘剤」としては、例えば、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)などが挙げられる。
また、この電極板の製造方法では、乾燥工程を第1,第2塗工工程毎に複数回行う必要がなく、第2塗工工程後に行うだけで足りるので、工数を少なくできる。
また、「第1塗膜」及び「第2塗膜」の厚みは、必ずしも等しくする必要はなく、それぞれ適宜変更できる。即ち、「第1塗膜」と活物質層の「集電板側部」、及び、「第2塗膜」と活物質層の「表面側部」を、それぞれ過不足なく対応させる必要はない。例えば、「第1塗膜」を薄く「第2塗膜」を厚く形成して、活物質層のうちの「集電板側部」を「第1塗膜」と「第2塗膜」の一部から形成すると共に、「表面側部」を「第2塗膜」の残部から形成することができる。或いは逆に、「第1塗膜」を厚く「第2塗膜」を薄く形成して、活物質層のうちの「集電板側部」を「第1塗膜」の一部から形成すると共に、「表面側部」を「第1塗膜」の残部と「第2塗膜」から形成することもできる。
120 捲回型電極体
121 正極板(電極板)
122 集電板
123 正極活物質層
131,231 負極板(電極板)
132 集電板
133,233 負極活物質層
133a,233a (負極活物質層の)表面
133e,233e 集電板側部
133f,233f 表面側部
133x,233x 第1塗膜
133y,233y 第2塗膜
133z,233z 塗膜
135 結着剤
135e 第1結着剤
135f 第2結着剤
700 車両(ハイブリッド自動車)
800 電池使用機器(ハンマードリル)
Tgd (集電板側部の結着剤の)平均ガラス転移点
Tgu (表面側部の結着剤の)平均ガラス転移点
Tg1 (第1結着剤の)ガラス転移点
Tg2 (第2結着剤の)ガラス転移点
Tga (第1塗工結着剤の)平均ガラス転移点
Tgb (第2塗工結着剤の)平均ガラス転移点
KP1 第1負極活物質ペースト(第1活物質ペースト)
KP2 第2負極活物質ペースト(第2活物質ペースト)
N1,N3 (第1活物質ペーストに含まれる固形分中の第1塗工結着剤の)重量濃度
N2,N4 (第2活物質ペーストに含まれる固形分中の第2塗工結着剤の)重量濃度
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面を参照しつつ説明する。図1に、本実施形態1に係るリチウムイオン二次電池(二次電池)100を示す。また、図2に、このリチウムイオン二次電池100を構成する捲回型電極体120を示す。更に、この捲回型電極体120を構成する正極板(電極板)121を図3に示し、負極板(電極板)131を図4及び図5に示し、セパレータ141を図6に示す。また、図7に、正極板121と負極板131とをセパレータ141を介して互いに重ねた状態を示す。また、図8に、ケース蓋部材113、正極電極端子部材150及び負極電極端子部材160等の詳細を示す。
セパレータ141は、ポリプロピレン(PP)やポリエチレン(PE)などの樹脂からなり、多孔質で、図6に示すように、長尺状をなす。
また、結着剤135としては、ガラス転移点Tg1が30℃の第1結着剤135eと、この第1結着剤135eのガラス転移点Tg1よりも低く、ガラス転移点Tg2が-40℃の第2結着剤135fとを含んでいる。第1結着剤135e及び第2結着剤135fは、いずれもスチレン・ブタジエンゴム(SBR)である。
また、負極活物質、結着剤135及び増粘剤の含有割合(重量比)は、負極活物質層133全体では、負極活物質:結着剤:増粘剤=98:1:1となっている。
また、表面側部133fは、第1結着剤135eよりも第2結着剤135fを多く含んでおり、逆に、集電板側部133eは、第2結着剤135fよりも第1結着剤135eを多く含んでいる。このため、表面側部133fに含まれる結着剤135の平均ガラス転移点Tguは、集電板側部133eに含まれる結着剤135の平均ガラス転移点Tgdに比して低くなっている(Tgu<Tgd)。
なお、SEM観察で結着剤135粒子の個数を数えることにより、集電板側部133eの結着剤135の量(A1)と表面側部133fの結着剤135の量(A2)をそれぞれ求めて、比(A2/A1)を算出してもよい。
また、本実施形態1に係るリチウムイオン二次電池100は、このような負極板131を有するので、リチウムイオン二次電池100の性能及び耐久性を高くできる。
まず、正極板121を製造する。即ち、長尺状のアルミニウム箔からなる集電板122を用意する。そして、この集電板122の一方の主面に、長手方向に延びる帯状の正極集電部121mを残しつつ、正極活物質、導電助剤及び結着剤を含む正極活物質ペースト(活物質ペースト)を塗布し、熱風により乾燥させて、帯状の正極活物質層123を形成する。同様に、集電板122の反対側の主面にも、帯状の正極集電部121mを残しつつ、上記の正極活物質ペーストを塗布し、熱風により乾燥させて、帯状の正極活物質層123を形成する。その後、電極密度を向上させるために、加圧ロールにより正極活物質層123,123を圧縮する。かくして、正極板121が形成される(図3参照)。
本実施形態1では、負極活物質(天然黒鉛)と次述する第1塗工結着剤と増粘剤(CMC)とを、負極活物質:第1塗工結着剤:増粘剤=98:1.2:1の割合(重量比)で、溶媒(具体的には水)中に分散させて、第1負極活物質ペーストKP1を調製した。第1塗工結着剤は、第1結着剤135e(ガラス転移点Tg1=30℃のSBR)のみからなる。従って、この第1塗工結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tgaは30℃である。
その後、電極密度を向上させるために、加圧ロールにより負極活物質層133,133を圧縮する。かくして、負極板131が形成される(図4及び図5参照)。
また、本実施形態1では、結着剤135として、多数の結着剤を用いることなく、2種類の結着剤(第1結着剤135e及び第2結着剤135f)のみを用いて、負極活物質層133を形成しているので、負極活物質層133の形成が容易である。
次に、ケース蓋部材113と、3種類の絶縁部材155,156,157と、3種類の端子金具151,152,153とを用意し(図8参照)、ケース蓋部材113に正極電極端子部材150及び負極電極端子部材160を固設すると共に、正極電極端子部材150を捲回型電極体120の正極集電部121mに接続し、負極電極端子部材160を負極集電部131mに接続する。
次いで、第2の実施の形態について、図10を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態2に係る負極板231及びリチウムイオン二次電池200では、負極活物質層233における結着剤135の分布パターンが、上記実施形態1に係る負極板131及びリチウムイオン二次電池100の負極活物質層133と異なる。また、負極板231の製造方法も、上記実施形態1の負極板131の製造方法とは異なる。それ以外は、上記実施形態1と同様であるので、上記実施形態1と同様な部分の説明は、省略または簡略化する。
予め、負極活物質(天然黒鉛)と次述する第1塗工結着剤と増粘剤(CMC)とを、上記実施形態1の第1負極活物質ペーストKP1とは異なる、負極活物質:第1塗工結着剤:増粘剤=98:1:1の割合(重量比)で、溶媒(水)中に分散させた第1負極活物質ペースト(第1活物質ペースト)KP3を調製しておく。なお、本実施形態2でも、第1塗工結着剤は、第1結着剤135e(ガラス転移点Tg1=30℃のSBR)のみからなる。従って、第1塗工結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tgaは30℃である。
そして、長尺状の銅箔からなる集電板132を別途用意し、第1塗工工程として、第1負極活物質ペーストKP3を集電板132上に塗布し、第1負極活物質ペーストKP3からなる第1塗膜233xを形成した(図11参照)。
そして、第2塗工工程として、この第2負極活物質ペーストKP4を第1塗膜233x上に塗布し、第2負極活物質ペーストKP4からなる第2塗膜233yを形成した(図11参照)。これにより、第1塗膜233xと第2塗膜233yとが重なる塗膜233zができる。
次に、集電板132の反対側の主面にも、同様に、第1塗工工程、第2塗工工程及び乾燥工程を行って、集電板132の反対側の主面にも、負極活物質層233を形成した。その後、加圧ロールにより、負極活物質層233,233を圧縮して、負極板231を完成させた(図10参照)。
また、本実施形態2の製造方法でも、乾燥工程を第1,第2塗工工程毎に複数回行う必要がなく、第2塗工工程後に行うだけで足りるので、工数を少なくできる。その他、上記実施形態1と同様な部分は、上記実施形態1と同様な作用効果を奏する。
次いで、本発明の効果を検証するために行った試験の結果について説明する。
本発明の実施例1として上記実施形態1の負極板131を、実施例2として上記実施形態2の負極板231を用意した。
前述したように、実施例1に係る負極板131の負極活物質層133では、表面側部133fに含まれる結着剤135の量(A2)と、集電板側部133eに含まれる結着剤135の量(A1)との比(A2/A1)は1.1であった。また、表面側部133fに含まれる結着剤135の平均ガラス転移点Tguが、集電板側部133eに含まれる結着剤135の平均ガラス転移点Tgdよりも低くなっていた(Tgu<Tgd)。また、この負極活物質133における結着剤135の偏在具合の総合評価は、「◎(偏在が非常に小さい)」であった。なお、この総合評価は、前述した結着剤135に臭素を付着させて、その分布をEPMAによりマッピングした画像を、目視にて評価したものである。
これらの結果から、表面側部の結着剤の量(A2)と集電板側部の結着剤の量(A1)との比(A2/A1)を1.0~1.2とし、表面側部の結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tguを集電板側部の結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tgdよりも低くする(Tgu<Tgd)ことにより、結着剤の偏在が小さくなり、密着強度Kaを高くできることが判った。特に比(A2/A1)の値を1.0に近づけるほど、結着剤の偏在が小さくなり、密着強度Kaを高くできることが判った。
次いで、第3の実施の形態について説明する。本実施形態3に係る車両700は、上記実施形態1のリチウムイオン二次電池100を搭載し、このリチウムイオン二次電池100に蓄えた電気エネルギを、駆動源の駆動エネルギの全部または一部として使用するものである。
次いで、第4の実施の形態について説明する。本実施形態4に係る電池使用機器800は、上記実施形態1のリチウムイオン二次電池100を搭載し、このリチウムイオン二次電池100をエネルギ源の少なくとも1つとして使用するものである。
前述したように、負極板131は、負極活物質層133と集電板132との密着強度を高くできると共に、これを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池100の抵抗を低くでき、リチウムイオン二次電池100の性能及び耐久性を高くできる。従って、これを搭載した電池使用機器800の性能及び耐久性を高くできる。なお、上記実施形態1のリチウムイオン二次電池100に代えて、上記実施形態2のリチウムイオン二次電池200を搭載してもよい。
例えば、上記実施形態1,2では、負極板131,231及びその製造方法に本発明を適用したが、正極板121及びその製造方法に本発明を適用することもできる。
Claims (8)
- 集電板と、
この集電板上に形成され、少なくとも活物質及び結着剤を含む活物質層と、を備える
電極板であって、
前記活物質層は、
前記結着剤として、ガラス転移点Tgが互いに異なる複数の結着剤を含み、
前記活物質層を厚み方向の中央で半分に分けて、前記活物質層の表面をなす側を表面側部、前記集電板側を集電板側部としたとき、
前記表面側部に含まれる前記結着剤の量(A2)と、前記集電板側部に含まれる前記結着剤の量(A1)との比(A2/A1)が、1.0~1.2とされてなり、
前記表面側部に含まれる前記結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tguが、前記集電板側部に含まれる前記結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tgdよりも低くされてなる
電極板。 - 請求項1に記載の電極板であって、
前記活物質層は、
前記結着剤として、第1結着剤と、この第1結着剤のガラス転移点Tg1よりも低いガラス転移点Tg2を有する第2結着剤とを含み、
前記表面側部は、前記第1結着剤よりも前記第2結着剤を多く含み、かつ、
前記集電板側部は、前記第2結着剤よりも前記第1結着剤を多く含む
電極板。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の電極板であって、
複数の前記結着剤は、
前記ガラス転移点Tgが互いに異なるスチレン・ブタジエンゴム(SBR)である
電極板。 - 請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の電極板を備える二次電池。
- 集電板と、
この集電板上に形成され、少なくとも活物質及び結着剤を含む活物質層と、を備え、
前記活物質層は、
前記結着剤として、ガラス転移点Tgが互いに異なる複数の結着剤を含み、
前記活物質層を厚み方向の中央で半分に分けて、前記活物質層の表面をなす側を表面側部、前記集電板側を集電板側部としたとき、
前記表面側部に含まれる前記結着剤の量(A2)と、前記集電板側部に含まれる前記結着剤の量(A1)との比(A2/A1)が、1.0~1.2とされてなり、
前記表面側部に含まれる前記結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tguが、前記集電板側部に含まれる前記結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tgdよりも低くされてなる
電極板の製造方法であって、
複数の前記結着剤の少なくともいずれかからなり、平均ガラス転移点Tgaを有する第1塗工結着剤、及び、前記活物質を含む第1活物質ペーストを、前記集電板上に塗工し、前記集電板上に前記第1活物質ペーストからなる第1塗膜を形成する第1塗工工程と、
前記第1塗工工程の後に、複数の前記結着剤の少なくともいずれかからなり、前記第1塗工結着剤の平均ガラス転移点Tgaよりも低い平均ガラス転移点Tgbを有する第2塗工結着剤、及び、前記活物質を含む第2活物質ペーストを、前記第1塗膜上に塗工し、前記第1塗膜上に前記第2活物質ペーストからなる第2塗膜を形成する第2塗工工程と、
前記第2塗工工程の後に、前記第1塗膜及び前記第2塗膜を同時に乾燥させて、前記第1塗膜及び前記第2塗膜から前記活物質層を形成する乾燥工程と、を備える
電極板の製造方法。 - 請求項5に記載の電極板の製造方法であって、
前記第2活物質ペーストに含まれる固形分中の前記第2塗工結着剤の重量濃度を、前記第1活物質ペーストに含まれる固形分中の前記第1塗工結着剤の重量濃度よりも低くした、前記第1活物質ペースト及び前記第2活物質ペーストを用いる
電極板の製造方法。 - 請求項5または請求項6に記載の電極板の製造方法であって、
前記活物質層は、
前記結着剤として、第1結着剤と、この第1結着剤のガラス転移点Tg1よりも低いガラス転移点Tg2を有する第2結着剤とを含み、
前記表面側部は、前記第1結着剤よりも前記第2結着剤を多く含み、かつ、
前記集電板側部は、前記第2結着剤よりも前記第1結着剤を多く含み、
前記第1塗工工程において、前記第1塗工結着剤として、前記第1結着剤及び前記第2結着剤のうち少なくとも前記第1結着剤からなる前記第1活物質ペーストを用いると共に、
前記第2塗工工程において、前記第2塗工結着剤として、前記第1結着剤及び前記第2結着剤のうち少なくとも前記第2結着剤からなる前記第2活物質ペーストを用いる
電極板の製造方法。 - 請求項5~請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の電極板の製造方法であって、
複数の前記結着剤として、前記ガラス転移点Tgが互いに異なるスチレン・ブタジエンゴム(SBR)を用いる
電極板の製造方法。
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JPWO2020110589A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-10-14 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極及び非水電解質二次電池 |
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US8574763B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
KR101329934B1 (ko) | 2013-11-14 |
JPWO2012049746A1 (ja) | 2014-02-24 |
CN102576875B (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
KR20120067997A (ko) | 2012-06-26 |
CN102576875A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
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