WO2012026339A1 - 担子菌由来の氷結晶化阻害剤 - Google Patents
担子菌由来の氷結晶化阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012026339A1 WO2012026339A1 PCT/JP2011/068364 JP2011068364W WO2012026339A1 WO 2012026339 A1 WO2012026339 A1 WO 2012026339A1 JP 2011068364 W JP2011068364 W JP 2011068364W WO 2012026339 A1 WO2012026339 A1 WO 2012026339A1
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- crystallization inhibitor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/20—Antifreeze additives therefor, e.g. for radiator liquids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0205—Chemical aspects
- A01N1/021—Preservation or perfusion media, liquids, solids or gases used in the preservation of cells, tissue, organs or bodily fluids
- A01N1/0221—Freeze-process protecting agents, i.e. substances protecting cells from effects of the physical process, e.g. cryoprotectants, osmolarity regulators like oncotic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L15/00—Egg products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L15/20—Addition of proteins, e.g. hydrolysates, fats, carbohydrates, natural plant hydrocolloids; Addition of animal or vegetable substances containing proteins, fats, or carbohydrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L15/00—Egg products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L15/30—Addition of substances other than those covered by A23L15/20 – A23L15/25
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3472—Compounds of undetermined constitution obtained from animals or plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/415—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/44—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material not provided for elsewhere, e.g. haptens, metals, DNA, RNA, amino acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a basidiomycete-derived ice crystallization inhibitor, an antibody that specifically reacts with the ice crystallization inhibitor, a composition containing the ice crystallization inhibitor, a food, a biological sample protective agent, and a cosmetic. is there.
- AFP ice crystallization inhibitory proteins
- AFPs derived from fish, insects, and microorganisms that have been found so far include those derived from sika deer fishes, those derived from insects such as larvae of beetle, and microorganisms such as Flavobacterium genus These have high ice crystallization inhibitory activity (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- plant-derived AFP for example, those derived from winter rye and carrot are known (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- AFP derived from fungi those derived from basidiomycetes such as Ishikarigamanotake and Antarctic enokitake (Flamulina velutipes KUAF-1) are known (Patent Documents 4 to 5).
- Patent Documents 6 to 7 Recently, attempts have been made to use the above properties industrially and use AFP to maintain the quality of frozen confectionery products such as ice cream and frozen foods.
- JP 2004-83546 A Special table 2002-507889 gazette JP 2004-161761 A JP 2004-24237 A JP 2004-275008 A International Publication No. 92/22581 Pamphlet International Publication No. 94/03617 Pamphlet
- AFP derived from fish it is difficult to completely remove odor from AFP derived from fish.
- insects and microorganisms are difficult to use as food materials, AFP derived from insects and microorganisms is not suitable for use in foods.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ice crystallization inhibitor that has an excellent ice crystallization inhibitory activity suitable for practical use and can be efficiently and stably produced in a safe process that can be used for food production. There is to do.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an antibody that specifically reacts with the ice crystallization inhibitor, and a composition, food, biological sample protecting agent, and cosmetic containing the ice crystallization inhibitor. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for inhibiting basidiomycete-derived polysaccharides for inhibiting ice crystallization of liquids containing water and a method for inhibiting ice crystallization of liquids containing water. .
- the present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, a non-protein-type ice crystallization inhibitor having a high ice crystallization inhibitory activity, stable supply, and industrially applicable was newly found from basidiomycetes, and the present invention was completed.
- the antibody according to the present invention is characterized by specifically reacting with the ice crystallization inhibitor.
- composition, food, cryoprotectant and cosmetic according to the present invention include the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention.
- the basidiomycete-derived polysaccharide according to the present invention is used to inhibit ice crystallization of a liquid containing water.
- the method for inhibiting ice crystallization of a liquid containing water according to the present invention includes a step of adding a basidiomycete-derived polysaccharide to the liquid.
- polysaccharide examples include those containing mannose and xylose, and those comprising galactose, mannose, xylose, glucose, rhamnose, or two or more thereof. More specifically, xylomannan can be mentioned. Specifically, xyllomannan has a composition ratio between mannose and xylose constituting it of 1.5 to 2.5 mol of mannose with respect to 1 mol of xylose, and a molecular weight of 280,000. As mentioned above, there can be mentioned those having 340,000 or less.
- the basidiomycetes that produce the ice crystallization inhibitor of the present invention include enokitake (Flamulina velutipes species), Hatake shimeji (Lyophyllum decaestis species), eringi (Pleurotus erenigii species), and honshimeji (Lyophyllum species). , And related varieties and improved varieties thereof, particularly preferably enokitake (Flammulina velutipes species) and related varieties and improved varieties thereof.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention can be easily obtained from basidiomycetes that are also edible and is a polysaccharide, so that it is very safe for the living body. Moreover, since it is a basidiomycete origin, stable supply is possible. Furthermore, the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention has an excellent ice crystallization inhibitory activity suitable for practical use.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention comprises a basidiomycete-derived polysaccharide.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention is a polysaccharide having a function of inhibiting the growth of ice crystals by binding to the crystal plane of ice crystals, and measuring thermal hysteresis, observing ice crystal structures, ice crystals It means a polysaccharide having ice crystallization inhibitory activity defined by any known method such as measurement of crystallization inhibition.
- Thermal hysteresis refers to the temperature range where ice cannot grow even in an aqueous solution containing an ice crystallization inhibitor even at a temperature below the equilibrium melting point. If the temperature at which ice begins to grow in an aqueous solution is defined as the freezing point, Thermal hysteresis is detected as the difference between the equilibrium melting point and the freezing point.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention is a polysaccharide.
- a polysaccharide usually refers to a polymer in which 10 or more monosaccharides are polymerized in a linear or branched manner by glycosidic bonds.
- Polysaccharides are classified into homopolysaccharides that are simple polysaccharides composed of one type of monosaccharide and heteropolysaccharides that are complex polysaccharides composed of two or more types of monosaccharides.
- Examples of the homopolysaccharide include starch such as amylose and amylopectin; glycogen; cellulose; glucan; xylan; mannan.
- Examples of the heteropolysaccharide include hyaluronic acid, heparin, xylomannan, xyloglucan, and glucomannan.
- the polysaccharide derived from basidiomycetes according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, those containing mannose and xylose, and those comprising galactose, mannose, xylose, glucose, rhamnose, or two or more thereof. Can be mentioned.
- the polysaccharide derived from basidiomycetes according to the present invention is preferably a heteropolysaccharide, more preferably xylomannan.
- Xylomannan is a generic name for heteropolysaccharides in which one molecule of xylose is bonded as a side chain to a mannan main chain composed of ⁇ -1,3-mannose via a 1,4-linkage.
- the xylomannan according to the present invention is not limited to one composed only of mannose and xylose, and may have other sugar as a side chain in addition to xylose.
- the composition ratio of mannose and xylose constituting xylomannan is not particularly limited.
- mannose is preferably 1.5 mol or more and 2.5 mol or less, preferably 1.7 mol or more, per 1 mol of xylose.
- 2.3 mol or less is more preferable, 1.9 mol or more and 2.1 mol or less is further more preferable, and about 2 mol is especially preferable.
- the molecular weight of the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, the average molecular weight measured by gel filtration chromatography is preferably 100,000 or more and 1,000,000 or less.
- the average molecular weight is preferably 150,000 or more, more preferably 200,000 or more, further preferably 240,000 or more, particularly preferably 280,000 or more, more preferably 500,000 or less, 000 or less is more preferable, 370,000 or less is more preferable, and 340,000 or less is particularly preferable.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention is derived from basidiomycetes, it can be produced from basidiomycetes.
- the method for producing an ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention will be described.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention may be produced from a commercially available basidiomycete or a collected basidiomycete. However, it is more efficient to culture basidiomycetes, especially when industrially mass-producing them. That is, basidiomycete may be arbitrarily cultured in obtaining the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention.
- basidiomycetes that produce the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention include those belonging to the order Agaric.
- basidiomycetes belonging to the order of Agaric include those belonging to the family Numeritidae, Kishimeji, Amanita, Agaricaceae, Cypridaceae, Moegitakeceae, Pleurotusaceae, Iguchii, Benicidae, Sarnococcidae, Pleurotus.
- basidiomycetes belonging to the family Numerisa include goattake.
- the basidiomycetes belonging to the xylem family include xyme, murasakiji, oshiroi shimeji, kakumino shimeji, shaka shimeji, harushimeji, hatake shimeji, bunshimeji, hon shimeji, ohoriraitake, sugihiratake, hariganechitake, naruto mushroom, , Shiitake, enokitake, etc .; basidiomycetes belonging to the family Amanita mushrooms, tamagotake, kabairoturutake, etc .; basidiomycetes belonging to the agaricaceae include agaric mushrooms, white mushrooms, etc .; ; Nameko et al.
- basidiomycetes belonging to Moegitake family Shogenji etc. as basidiomycetes belonging to Pleurotusaceae; Yamadoritake etc. as basidiomycetes belonging to Iguchi family; Ke etc.; the Polyporaceae the basidiomycete belongs such Grifola frondosa; the basidiomycete belonging to pleurotaceae include eringi like.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Enokitake (Flamulina velutipes species), Hatake shimeji (Lyophyllum decaestis species), Eringi (Pleurotus eringiiii species), Honshimeji (Lyophyllum species), It can be suitably obtained from nameko (Pholiota nameko species), more preferably it can be obtained from enokitake.
- the above-mentioned enokitake mushroom is preferably a white and sprout-shaped commercially available enokitake (Flamulina velutipes species) that is artificially cultivated.
- Such commercially available enokitake is generally edible, is easily available, and is more preferable in that it has an excellent ice crystallization inhibitory activity possessed by an extract obtained from the unit weight of basidiomycetes.
- related varieties refers to, for example, those that belong to the same genus even if the family related varieties are close to each other in academic classification. This refers to varieties that are close in classification.
- Improved variety refers to fungi that have been improved by artificial selection, crossing, mutation, genetic recombination, and the like.
- the method for culturing basidiomycetes used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be performed using a known method such as a solid culture method or a liquid culture method.
- a mycelium or fruit body can be obtained by inoculating a mycelium into a solid medium containing plant fiber raw materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, and rice bran and culturing the same.
- the liquid culture method involves inoculating a mycelium into a medium containing a carbon source, a nitrogen source, an inorganic substance, and other necessary nutrients necessary for the strain to assimilate, and known shaking culture, aeration agitation culture, or placement. It can be performed by culture or the like.
- Culture conditions such as culture temperature and culture period may be adjusted as appropriate, but culture is preferably performed at a low temperature.
- An ice crystallization inhibitor can be induced by culturing basidiomycetes at a relatively low temperature, that is, by acclimating to a low temperature.
- cultivation temperature 25 degrees C or less is preferable, for example, and 20 degrees C or less is more preferable.
- the temperature is lower than the freezing point, the liquid medium may freeze.
- the culture period is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 3 days or more, more preferably 1 week or more, further preferably 2 weeks or more, and particularly preferably 1 month or more.
- the upper limit of the culture period is not particularly limited, but may be until the basidiomycete becomes confluent or the concentration of the ice crystallization inhibitor in the medium does not increase any more. For example, preferably 6 Months or less, more preferably 5 months or less, even more preferably 4 months or less, and particularly preferably 3 months or less.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention can be purified from basidiomycetes by extraction or the like.
- the method of heat-extracting in alkaline aqueous solution from said basidiomycete is mentioned.
- the site of the basidiomycete used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, either mycelium or fruiting body can be used. In addition, these can also use only one site
- basidiomycetes to be subjected to the extraction of the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention a raw state, a crushed product thereof, a ground product thereof, a dried product and a dried pulverized product thereof can be used.
- the basidiomycetes in the state in addition to the mycelium separated from the mycelium culture obtained by the above-described culture method, the mycelium culture itself can be used.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention can be obtained by adding an alkaline aqueous solution to basidiomycetes that have been optionally treated as described above and subjecting them to heat extraction.
- alkaline substance used for preparing the alkaline aqueous solution examples include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium polyphosphate, trisodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate, sodium pyrophosphate, phosphorus Disodium oxyhydrogen, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, calcined calcium and the like can be used, and when used, they can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
- the concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of polysaccharide, but is preferably 0.1 w / v% or more, more preferably 1.0 w / v% or more, and still more preferably 2.0 w. / V% or more, more preferably 5.0 w / v% or more, further preferably 10.0 w / v% or more, more preferably 15.0 w / v% or more, particularly preferably 20.0 w / v% or more.
- 50 w / v% or less is preferable, More preferably, it is 30 w / v% or less, More preferably, it is 25 w / v% or less. If the concentration is lower than 0.1 w / v%, the extraction efficiency of the target ice crystallization inhibitor is insufficient, and if it is higher than 50 w / v%, there are problems in terms of cost and safety, which is not suitable.
- the temperature of the heat extraction treatment is preferably 70 ° C. or higher, more preferably 80 ° C. or higher, further preferably 90 ° C. or higher, and most preferably about 100 ° C.
- a method of the heat extraction treatment for example, after adding an alkaline aqueous solution, it may be extracted while being heated to a predetermined temperature, or an alkaline aqueous solution heated in advance to a predetermined temperature is added and kept warm. You may extract by.
- a 25 w / v% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution is added to a dry pulverized product of basidiomycetes, extracted at 100 ° C. for 2 to 3 hours, filtered or centrifuged to obtain an extract, It can be used as an ice crystallization inhibitor. Furthermore, the same extraction process may be repeated for the extraction residue, and the resulting extracts may be combined and used as an ice crystallization inhibitor.
- the extract obtained as described above may be used as it is, but the alkaline substance is removed by a well-known method such as neutralization or dialysis, the extract after removing the alkaline substance, and its concentrated liquid.
- the dried product and dried pulverized product are preferably used as an ice crystallization inhibitor.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor obtained as described above may be further purified as necessary.
- contaminant components may be removed by suitably combining decantation, filtration, centrifugation, and the like.
- salt precipitation, precipitation with an organic solvent, affinity chromatography, ion exchange column chromatography, gel filtration, purification by binding to ice using a low-speed cooling device, and concentration by dialysis or ultrafiltration are suitable. You may carry out in combination.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention may be solidified into an arbitrary form such as powder or granule.
- the solidification method is not particularly limited.
- the above-described extract is pulverized according to a conventional method such as spray drying or freeze-drying, or the extract is adsorbed and supported on an excipient to form a powder or granules. Examples of the method include solidification. These operations are known to those skilled in the art, and can be appropriately selected and used according to the application.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention binds to the crystal plane of the ice crystal and suppresses the ice crystal growth.
- the bond also inhibits ice recrystallization by preventing further binding of free water to the ice crystal.
- an appropriate method is used according to the type and the type of basidiomycete used. For example, it can be performed by a known method such as measurement of thermal hysteresis, observation of ice crystal structure, measurement of ice crystallization inhibition, etc., and if any method shows improvement in ice crystallization inhibition activity, It is included in the scope of the invention.
- the ice crystallization inhibitory activity is measured by cooling an ice crystallization inhibitor aqueous solution containing 30 w / v sucrose to ⁇ 40 ° C., raising the temperature to ⁇ 6 ° C., and measuring the average area of ice crystals observed by a microscope. Can be measured. The stronger the ice crystallization inhibitory activity is, the smaller the average area of this ice crystal is. Therefore, the average value is the average area of ice crystals obtained by measuring a 30 w / v% aqueous solution of sucrose as a control in the same manner.
- the ice crystallization inhibitory activity of the ice crystallization inhibitor can be quantitatively evaluated using the numerical value obtained by dividing the value as an index. Such a value is called an RI value. For example, if the ice crystal growth is inhibited even when an ice crystallization inhibitor is added, the ice crystallization inhibitory activity is judged as compared with the control.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention can be used for the purpose of suppressing this failure in various fields in which failure occurs due to ice crystallization of water.
- it can be used in the food field, machine field, civil engineering field, cosmetics field, medical field using biomaterials, and the like.
- the taste of the food can be prevented from deteriorating. For example, it prevents starch aging, or suppresses deterioration of taste and quality caused by changing the structure of water in foods by crystallizing ice and physically pressing proteins and oil components. This makes it possible to improve the quality of frozen foods and the like.
- the cosmetics field it can be used as an additive to prevent deterioration of cosmetic quality.
- a cosmetic containing an oil / fat component when frozen, water contained in the cosmetic may crystallize in ice, and the oil / fat component may be physically pressed to break the structure, thereby deteriorating quality and feeling of use.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention is used, the structure of the oil and fat component is maintained by preventing ice crystallization of water, so that deterioration of quality and the like can be suppressed.
- the medical field it can be used as a protective agent when cryopreserving a biological sample.
- a biological sample such as cells, blood, or organs
- the water in the preservation solution freezes to produce ice crystals, which can damage the biological sample.
- the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention is added, the generation and growth of ice crystals can be suppressed, so that the biological sample can be protected from damage due to ice crystals.
- the form of the ice crystallization inhibitor of the present invention varies depending on its use, and may be a solution, a concentrated solution, a suspension, a lyophilized product, a powder, a granule, a tablet, or the like as it is. Moreover, it can also be set as the composition mixed with the excipient
- the antibody according to the present invention specifically reacts with and binds to the ice crystallization inhibitor, and tests for the presence or absence of the ice crystallization inhibitor in a basidiomycete or a culture solution thereof. It can be used to specify a polysaccharide having ice crystallization inhibitory activity from the culture solution of.
- the antibody according to the present invention may be prepared according to a conventional method. For example, mice and rats are immunized with the ice crystallization inhibitor, and hybridomas are obtained by fusing antibody-producing cells, spleen cells and myeloma cells. The hybridoma is cloned, and a clone producing an antibody that specifically reacts with the ice crystallization inhibitor is screened. This clone may be cultured and the secreted monoclonal antibody may be purified.
- the basidiomycete-derived polysaccharide according to the present invention can be used to inhibit ice crystallization of a liquid containing water.
- the method for inhibiting ice crystallization of a liquid containing water according to the present invention includes a step of adding a basidiomycete-derived polysaccharide to the liquid.
- the liquid that should inhibit ice crystallization is not particularly limited as long as it contains water as a solvent.
- water for example, water itself, an aqueous solution in which a solute is dissolved, and a suspension in which insoluble components are dispersed.
- a turbid liquid can be mentioned.
- the liquid which should inhibit ice crystallization may contain a water-miscible organic solvent as long as ice crystallization is a problem.
- the water-miscible organic solvent include alcohols such as ethanol and glycols such as ethylene glycol.
- the addition amount of the polysaccharide may be appropriately adjusted according to the concentration of the solute contained in the liquid, the freezing point, etc.
- the sugar concentration can be about 0.05 ⁇ g / ml or more and 10 mg / ml or less. If the said density
- the concentration is preferably 0.1 ⁇ g / ml or more, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ g / ml or more, more preferably 1 mg / ml or less, further preferably 400 ⁇ g / ml or less, particularly preferably 200 ⁇ g / ml or less. .
- the polysaccharide of the present invention in addition to the case where the polysaccharide of the present invention is intentionally added to the liquid to be inhibited from ice crystallization, the polysaccharide of the present invention is eventually mixed into the liquid to be inhibited from ice crystallization.
- the polysaccharide of the present invention is sprayed on a road or the like and the polysaccharide is dissolved by contact with night dew and the freezing of the road or the like is suppressed is also included in the scope of the present invention.
- Example 1 A 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask was charged with 100 ml of YG medium (containing 0.25% yeast extract and 1% glucose, pH 6.0), and a mycelia of commercially available enokitake (Flamulina velutipes) was inoculated. Rotational culture was performed at 120 rpm and 18 ° C. for 1 week, and further low-temperature conditioned culture was performed at 4 ° C. for 1 week.
- YG medium containing 0.25% yeast extract and 1% glucose, pH 6.0
- the obtained solution was concentrated with an evaporator, and 3-fold volume of ethanol was added to the concentrated solution.
- the precipitate produced by the addition of ethanol was suspended in water, neutralized with an aqueous acetic acid solution, and dialyzed against water for 48 hours. After freezing it, it was slowly thawed at 4 ° C., and the resulting precipitate was separated and collected by centrifugation.
- xylomannan fraction (0.164 g).
- xylomannan fraction was dissolved in water (46 ml), and the sugar concentration and the protein concentration were measured by the phenol sulfate method and the bicinchoninic acid method (BCA method), respectively, and found to be 6.3 ⁇ g / ml and 4.4 ⁇ g, respectively. / Ml.
- Example 2 The aqueous solution of the xylomannan fraction obtained in Example 1 was diluted so that the sugar concentration became 1.0 ⁇ g / ml (protein concentration 0.7 ⁇ g / ml), and the ice crystallization inhibitory activity was measured. Specifically, first, sucrose was added to the diluted solution at a rate of 30 w / v%. This was observed when the solution was cooled to ⁇ 40 ° C. under a microscope having a cooling control function, and then the temperature was raised to ⁇ 6 ° C. to melt ice crystals and observed at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes. This was done by measuring the area of the ice crystals produced.
- this average area is divided by the average area of ice crystals obtained by measuring a 30 w / v% aqueous solution of sucrose as a control.
- the RI value was 0.25.
- Example 3 A xylomannan fraction of 1.5 mg was purified in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.46 g of dried enokitake mycelia was used. The obtained xylomannan fraction was dissolved in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.3 M sodium chloride, and the resulting aqueous solution (200 ⁇ l, sugar concentration 3.9 mg / ml, protein concentration 17 ⁇ g / ml).
- Example 4 The purified sample obtained in Example 3 was dissolved in 0.2 M potassium borate buffer (pH 8.9) containing 7 v / v% of acetonitrile.
- the obtained aqueous solution 50 ⁇ l, purified sample 1.0 ⁇ g was charged as a sample into a sugar composition analysis column (Seikagaku Corporation, Honenpak C18, 21.5 mm ID ⁇ 30 cm), and the temperature condition at 30 ° C.
- the potassium borate buffer was used as an eluent and eluted at a flow rate of 1.0 ml / min, and detection was performed at an excitation wavelength of 305 nm and a fluorescence wavelength of 360 nm.
- Example 5 Commercially available Hatake-Shimeji (Lyophyllum decades species) fruit bodies were lyophilized. A 15 w / v% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (10 ml) was added to the dried dried bamboo shoot fruiting body (0.2 g), and the mixture was heated at 100 ° C. for 2.5 hours. Subsequently, the crude extract was obtained by centrifuging at 10,000 ⁇ g for 20 minutes.
- the crude extract obtained by the same method as in Example 1 was treated with ethanol, and the resulting precipitate was collected.
- the obtained precipitate was dissolved in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) to obtain an ethanol recovery fraction.
- Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 5, an ethanol recovery fraction was obtained from a commercially available eringi (Pleurotus eryngii species) fruiting body.
- Example 7 In the same manner as in Example 5, an ethanol recovery fraction was obtained from a fruit body of a commercially available hon-shimeji (Lyophyllum shimji species).
- Example 8 In the same manner as in Example 5, an ethanol recovery fraction was obtained from a commercially available nameko (Pholiota nameko species) fruiting body.
- Example 9 The ethanol recovery fractions of basidiomycetes obtained in Examples 5 to 8 were each diluted with water so that the sugar concentration was 1.0 ⁇ g / ml, and the ice crystallization inhibitory activity was measured in the same manner as in Example 2. did. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 10 The ethanol recovery fraction of Hatake shimeji mushroom obtained in Example 5 was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography in the same manner as in Example 3, and a fraction showing a peak having a molecular weight of about 467,000 was fractionated.
- the sugar concentration of the obtained fraction was adjusted to 5.0 mg / ml and the ice crystallization inhibitory activity was measured by the same method as in Example 2, the RI value was 0.29.
- Example 11 For the purified sample obtained in Example 10, the sugar composition was analyzed in the same manner as in Example 4. As a result, it was confirmed from the retention time of the obtained peak that the purified sample was a polysaccharide composed of galactose, mannose, xylose, glucose, and rhamnose.
- Example 12 By the same method as in Example 1, the enokitake mushroom mycelium was lyophilized. The obtained dried enokitake mycelium (20.0 g) was subjected to hot water treatment three times, then 2.0 w / v% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution (200 ml) was added, and the mixture was heated at 100 ° C. for 2.5 hours. Subsequently, the crude extract was obtained by centrifuging at 10,000 ⁇ g for 20 minutes. The obtained crude extract was freeze-dried to obtain a crude xylomannan fraction (2.05 g).
- Example 13 Frozen Octopus Grilled According to the formulation shown in Table 2, the aqueous solution of the crude xylomannan fraction obtained in Example 12 was mixed with commercial octopus grilled powder, and takoyaki was obtained using a household octopus grill. The obtained octopus grill was frozen at ⁇ 20 ° C. using a commercial quick freezer. For comparison, an octopus grill was prepared and frozen in the same manner except that the crude xylomannan fraction was not used. In addition, the density
- the obtained frozen octopus grill was stored for 1 week, then thawed at room temperature, cut in half, and the cut surface was observed.
- deterioration occurred due to freezing and thawing and a gap was formed between the surface and the inside.
- the octopus grilled with the crude xylomannan fraction added there was no separation between the surface and the interior, and the state before freezing was maintained.
- the quality can be maintained even when food is frozen by using the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention.
- Example 14 Frozen Steamed Egg Yolk
- the crude xylomannan fraction obtained in Example 12 was mixed with egg yolk. At that time, the amount of the crude xylomannan fraction was adjusted so that the protein concentration was 50 ⁇ g / ml.
- the obtained egg yolk was steamed for 15 minutes using a water oven (manufactured by SHARP, Hersio AX-MX1-R) to make a steamed egg yolk. The resulting steamed egg yolk was then frozen at ⁇ 20 ° C. using a commercial quick freezer. For comparison, a steamed egg yolk was prepared and frozen in the same manner except that the crude xylomannan fraction was not used.
- Each of the obtained steamed egg yolks was stored for 1 week and then thawed at room temperature to compare the appearance and texture.
- the surface of the steamed egg yolk without the crude xylomannan fraction was rough due to freezing and thawing, and the texture was very harsh.
- the surface of the steamed egg yolk to which the crude xylomannan fraction was added remained fine, and the texture was also felt elastic and fresh, and the state before freezing was maintained.
- the quality of the food can be maintained even when the food is frozen by using the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention.
- Example 15 Protection of frozen cells Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells) were subcultured according to a standard method (Theodore T. PUCK et al., The Journal lf Experimental Medicine, vol. 108, pp. 945- (1958)), and then trypsin. It peeled by the process and collect
- the concentration of the purified xylomannan fraction in the suspension was 20 ⁇ g / ml, 50 ⁇ g / ml and 200 ⁇ g / ml as the protein concentration, respectively.
- 1 ml of the obtained cell solution was dispensed into a serum tube and frozen in a deep freezer at ⁇ 80 ° C.
- CHO cells collected in the same manner as described above are suspended in a 10 v / v% DMSO solution, mixed well using a pipette, and 1 ml of the resulting cell solution is dispensed into a serum tube. And frozen in a deep freezer at -80 ° C.
- CHO cells collected in the same manner as described above were suspended in a cell cryopreservation solution containing no xylomannan (manufactured by Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., Cell Banker) and mixed thoroughly using a pipette. Thereafter, 1 ml of the obtained cell solution was dispensed into a serum tube and frozen in a deep freezer at ⁇ 80 ° C.
- the cell cryopreservation solution obtained above was cryopreserved for 2 days in a freezer.
- the serum tube was taken out of the freezer, and immediately thawed in a 37 ° C. water bath for thawing.
- the cells were rapidly suspended in a medium (10 ml) and centrifuged. The collected cells were resuspended in the medium (1 ml). Dead cells contained in the obtained cell suspension were selectively stained with trypan blue. Viable cells and dead cells were counted using an erythrocyte counting plate, and cell viability was calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the addition of the ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention to foods can be used for maintaining the quality of foods. It can also be effectively used for a protective agent for cryopreservation of biological samples such as organs, cells, blood (platelets), and cosmetics having characteristics such as protecting the skin from low temperatures and excellent stability at low temperatures.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る氷結晶化阻害剤は、市販の担子菌や採取された担子菌から製造してもよい。しかし、特に工業的に大量生産する場合には、担子菌を培養する方が効率的である。即ち、本発明に係る氷結晶化阻害剤を得るに当たっては、任意に担子菌を培養してもよい。
本発明に係る氷結晶化阻害剤は、抽出などにより担子菌から精製することができる。例えば、上記の担子菌よりアルカリ水溶液中で加熱抽出処理する方法が挙げられる。
上記により得られた抽出液は、そのまま用いてもよいが、中和や透析などの周知の方法によりアルカリ物質を除去し、アルカリ物質を除去した後の抽出液、その濃縮液、その乾燥物および乾燥粉砕物を氷結晶化阻害剤として用いるのが好ましい。
さらに必要に応じて、本発明に係る氷結晶化阻害剤は、粉末状または顆粒状など任意の形態に固形化してもよい。固形化の方法はとくに限定されないが、例えば、上記の抽出物を噴霧乾燥や凍結乾燥などの常法に従って粉末化する方法や、抽出物を賦形剤に吸着、担持させて粉末または顆粒状に固形化する方法などを挙げることができる。これらの操作は当業者に公知のものであり、用途に応じて適宜選択して用いることができる。
500ml容三角フラスコに100mlのYG培地(0.25%酵母エキスと1%グルコースを含む,pH6.0)を入れ、市販のエノキタケ(Flammulina velutipes種)の菌糸を植菌した。120rpm、18℃で1週間回転培養を行い、さらに4℃で1週間低温馴化培養を行った。
実施例1で得られたキシロマンナン画分の水溶液を、その糖濃度が1.0μg/mlとなるように希釈し(タンパク質濃度0.7μg/ml)、氷結晶化阻害活性を測定した。具体的には、先ず、当該希釈溶液にショ糖を30w/v%の割合で添加した。冷却調節機能が付いたステージを有する顕微鏡下、当該溶液を-40℃に冷却した後に-6℃まで温度を上げて氷結晶を溶かし、-6℃を保った状態で30分間観察したときに認められる氷結晶の面積を測定することにより行った。氷結晶化阻害活性が強いほどこの氷結晶の平均面積は小さくなることから、この平均面積を、対照としてショ糖の30w/v%水溶液を同様に測定して得られる氷結晶の平均面積で除して得られる数値(RI値)を指標として氷結晶化阻害活性を定量的に評価したところ、RI値は0.25であった。なお、RI値が1.0より小さいほど、氷結晶化阻害活性が強いことを意味する。
乾燥エノキタケ菌糸を0.46g用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法にて、キシロマンナン画分1.5mgを精製した。得られたキシロマンナン画分を、0.3M塩化ナトリウムを含む50mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)に溶解し、得られた水溶液(200μl,糖濃度3.9mg/ml,タンパク質濃度17μg/ml)を試料としてゲル濾過カラム(東ソー社製,TSK-gel G3000SWXL,21.5mmI.D.×30cm)にチャージし、4℃の温度条件下で上記リン酸緩衝液を流速2.0ml/minの条件で流して非吸着画分を溶出させ、吸収波長215nm、280nmにて検出した。
実施例3で得られた精製サンプルを、アセトニトリルを7v/v%含有する0.2Mホウ酸カリウム緩衝液(pH8.9)に溶解した。得られた水溶液(50μl,精製サンプル1.0μg)を試料として、糖組成分析用カラム(生化学工業社製,Honenpak C18,21.5mmI.D.×30cm)にチャージし、30℃の温度条件下、上記ホウ酸カリウム緩衝液を溶離液として流速1.0ml/minの条件で溶出させ、励起波長305nm、蛍光波長360nmにて検出した。また標準物質として、マンノース、グルコース、キシロース(各1.5nmol)を同条件にて溶出させた。得られたピークの保持時間と蛍光強度より、精製サンプルの糖組成(モル比)はマンノース:キシロース=2:1であることが確認された。
市販のハタケシメジ(Lyophyllum decastes種)子実体を凍結乾燥した。得られた乾燥ハタケシメジ子実体(0.2g)に15w/v%水酸化カリウム水溶液(10ml)を添加し、100℃で2.5時間加熱処理した。次いで、10,000×gで20分間遠心分離することにより粗抽出液を得た。
実施例5と同様の方法で、市販のエリンギ(Pleurotus eryngii種)子実体よりエタノール回収画分を得た。
実施例5と同様の方法で、市販のホンシメジ(Lyophyllum shimeji種)子実体よりエタノール回収画分を得た。
実施例5と同様の方法で、市販のナメコ(Pholiota nameko種)子実体よりエタノール回収画分を得た。
実施例5~8で得られた担子菌のエタノール回収画分を、それぞれ糖濃度が1.0μg/mlとなるよう水で希釈し、実施例2と同様の方法により氷結晶化阻害活性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例5で得られたハタケシメジのエタノール回収画分を、実施例3と同様の方法によりゲル濾過クロマトグラフィーにより分画し、分子量約467,000のピークを示すフラクションを画分した。得られた画分の糖濃度を5.0mg/mlに調整し、実施例2と同様の方法により氷結晶化阻害活性を測定したところ、RI値は0.29であった。
実施例10で得られた精製サンプルについて、実施例4と同様の方法により糖組成を分析した。その結果、得られたピークの保持時間より、精製サンプルは、ガラクトース、マンノース、キシロース、グルコース、ラムノースからなる多糖であることが確認された。
実施例1と同様の方法により、エノキタケ菌糸を凍結乾燥した。得られた乾燥エノキタケ菌糸(20.0g)に熱水処理を3回繰り返した後、2.0w/v%水酸化カリウム水溶液(200ml)を添加し、100℃で2.5時間加熱処理した。次いで、10,000×gで20分間遠心分離することにより粗抽出液を得た。得られた粗抽出液を凍結乾燥することにより、粗キシロマンナン画分(2.05g)を得た。
表2の配合に従って、実施例12で得られた粗キシロマンナン画分の水溶液を市販のタコ焼き粉と混合し、家庭用タコ焼き器を用いてたこ焼きを得た。得られたタコ焼きを、業務用急速冷凍機を用いて-20℃で凍結した。また、比較のために、粗キシロマンナン画分を用いない以外は同様にタコ焼きを作り、冷凍した。なお、上記各粗キシロマンナン画分の濃度は、そのタンパク質濃度としてそれぞれ10μg/mlと50μg/mlである。
実施例12で得られた粗キシロマンナン画分を卵黄に混合した。その際、粗キシロマンナン画分の量は、そのタンパク質濃度が50μg/mlとなるよう調整した。得られた卵黄をウォーターオーブン(SHARP社製,ヘルシオ AX-MX1-R)を用いて15分間蒸し、蒸し卵黄を作った。次いで、得られた蒸し卵黄を、業務用急速冷凍機を用いて-20℃で凍結した。また、比較のために、粗キシロマンナン画分を用いない以外は同様に蒸し卵黄を作り、冷凍した。
チャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞(CHO細胞)を定法(Theodore T. PUCKら,The Journal lf Experimental Medicine, vol.108, pp.945- (1958))に従って継代培養した後、トリプシン処理により剥離し、遠心分離により回収した。回収した細胞に培地を加え、再度遠心分離してトリプシンを除去した。得られた細胞を細胞凍結保存液(日本全薬工業社製,セルバンカー)に懸濁した。この懸濁液に、実施例1と同様の方法で得られた精製キシロマンナン画分を添加し、ピペットを用いて十分に混合した。当該懸濁液における精製キシロマンナン画分の濃度は、そのタンパク質濃度としてそれぞれ20μg/ml、50μg/mlおよび200μg/mlとした。得られた細胞液をセラムチューブに1mlずつ分注し、-80℃のディープフリーザーで凍結した。
Claims (15)
- 担子菌由来の多糖類であることを特徴とする氷結晶化阻害剤。
- 多糖類が、マンノースとキシロースを含むものである請求項1に記載の氷結晶化阻害剤。
- 多糖類が、ガラクトース、マンノース、キシロース、グルコース、ラムノース、またはこれら2以上からなるものである請求項1に記載の氷結晶化阻害剤。
- 多糖類がキシロマンナンである請求項1に記載の氷結晶化阻害剤。
- キシロマンナンを構成するマンノースとキシロースの構成比が、キシロース1モルに対してマンノース1.5モル以上、2.5モル以下である請求項4に記載の氷結晶化阻害剤。
- キシロマンナンの分子量が280,000以上、340,000以下である請求項4または5に記載の氷結晶化阻害剤。
- 担子菌が、エノキタケ(Flammulina velutipes種)、ハタケシメジ(Lyophyllum decastes種)、エリンギ(Pleurotus eryngii種)、ホンシメジ(Lyophyllum shimeji種)、ナメコ(Pholiota nameko種)、またはその類縁品種もしくは改良品種である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の氷結晶化阻害剤。
- 担子菌が、エノキタケ(Flammulina velutipes種)またはその類縁品種もしくは改良品種である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の氷結晶化阻害剤。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の氷結晶化阻害剤と特異的に反応することを特徴とする抗体。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の氷結晶化阻害剤を含むことを特徴とする組成物。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の氷結晶化阻害剤を含むことを特徴とする食品。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の氷結晶化阻害剤を含むことを特徴とする生体試料保護剤。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の氷結晶化阻害剤を含むことを特徴とする化粧品。
- 水を含む液体の氷結晶化を阻害するための、担子菌由来の多糖類の使用。
- 水を含む液体の氷結晶化を阻害するための方法であって、当該液体に担子菌由来の多糖類を添加する工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
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JP2020103125A (ja) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-09 | 株式会社カネカ | 冷凍生ウニ用ブランチング前処理剤 |
JP2020103124A (ja) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-09 | 株式会社カネカ | ウニの冷凍保管時劣化抑制剤 |
JP2020103123A (ja) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-09 | 株式会社カネカ | カニミソの冷解凍後の風味低下抑制剤 |
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JP2019126294A (ja) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-08-01 | 日本製粉株式会社 | たこ焼き及びその製造方法 |
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JP7194013B2 (ja) | 2018-12-27 | 2022-12-21 | 株式会社カネカ | カニの冷解凍後の食感及び身離れの悪化抑制剤 |
JP7232039B2 (ja) | 2018-12-27 | 2023-03-02 | 株式会社カネカ | ウニの冷凍保管時劣化抑制剤 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130146803A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
US8734672B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
EP2609811A4 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
CN103068256A (zh) | 2013-04-24 |
JPWO2012026339A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 |
CN103068256B (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
EP2609811A1 (en) | 2013-07-03 |
JP5881118B2 (ja) | 2016-03-09 |
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