WO2011049080A1 - 強磁性粒子粉末及びその製造法、異方性磁石及びボンド磁石 - Google Patents
強磁性粒子粉末及びその製造法、異方性磁石及びボンド磁石 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011049080A1 WO2011049080A1 PCT/JP2010/068362 JP2010068362W WO2011049080A1 WO 2011049080 A1 WO2011049080 A1 WO 2011049080A1 JP 2010068362 W JP2010068362 W JP 2010068362W WO 2011049080 A1 WO2011049080 A1 WO 2011049080A1
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- C01B21/0615—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with transition metals other than titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C01B21/0622—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with transition metals other than titanium, zirconium or hafnium with iron, cobalt or nickel
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an Fe 16 N 2 single-phase powder having a large BH max in a short time and a method for producing the same. Also provides an anisotropic magnet or bonded magnet using the Fe 16 N 2 single phase powder.
- ⁇ ′′ -Fe 16 N 2 is known as a metastable compound that crystallizes when martensite or ferrite that dissolves nitrogen is annealed for a long time.
- This ⁇ ′′ -Fe 16 The crystal of N 2 has a bct structure and is expected as a giant magnetic substance having a large saturation magnetization.
- this compound is chemically synthesized as an isolated powder.
- Patent Documents 1 to 10 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 are still not sufficient.
- Patent Document 1 describes that iron particles having a surface oxide film are reduced and then nitrided to obtain Fe 16 N 2. However, increasing the maximum energy product is considered. Not. Further, the nitriding reaction takes a long time, and it is difficult to say that it is industrial.
- Patent Document 2 describes that iron oxide powder is reduced to produce metallic iron powder, and the obtained metallic iron powder is nitrided to obtain Fe 16 N 2. It is used as a magnetic particle powder for a medium, and is hardly suitable as a hard magnetic material having a high maximum energy product BH max of 5 MGOe or more as required as a magnet material.
- Patent Documents 3 to 9 although described as a maximal magnetic substance for a magnetic recording material instead of ferrite, an ⁇ ′′ -Fe 16 N 2 single phase has not been obtained, and a more stable ⁇ ′-Fe 4 N, ⁇ ′-Fe 2 to 3 N, martensite ( ⁇ ′-Fe), and ferrite ( ⁇ -Fe) -like metals are generated as mixed phases.
- Patent Document 10 describes that ⁇ ′′ -Fe 16 N 2 single-phase powder was obtained, but the single-phase can be obtained only at 110 to 120 ° C. for 10 days. In addition, it is not suitable for mass production because it requires a very long time under the above-mentioned conditions.Furthermore, ⁇ ′′ -Fe 16 N 2 single phase having a high maximum energy product BH max of 5 MGOe or more as required as a magnet material Powder is not obtained.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 although it has been successful in obtaining an ⁇ ′′ -Fe 16 N 2 single phase in a thin film, it is interesting from an academic viewpoint, but there are limits to the application of a thin film and a wider range of applications In addition, general-purpose magnetic materials have problems in productivity and economy.
- Fe 16 N 2 single-phase powder having a large BH max of 5 MGOe or more as required as a magnet material a method for producing the same, and an anisotropic method using the powder
- the purpose is to provide a magnet and a bonded magnet.
- the present invention is a ferromagnetic particle powder comprising a single phase of Fe 16 N 2, wherein the ferromagnetic particle powder has a BH max of 5 MGOe or more (Invention 1). ).
- the present invention is the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention 1, wherein the particle surface of the Fe 16 N 2 particle powder is coated with Si and / or Al compound (Invention 2).
- the present invention there is saturation magnetization sigma s is 130 emu / g or more, the coercive force H c is ferromagnetic particles of the present invention 1 or 2, wherein is above 1,800 Oe (invention 3).
- the present invention is the ferromagnetic particle powder according to any one of the present inventions 1 to 3 having an average minor axis diameter of 5 to 40 nm and an average major axis diameter of 30 to 250 nm (Invention 4).
- the present invention also relates to the ferromagnetic particle powder according to any one of the present inventions 1 to 4 having a BET specific surface area of 80 to 250 m 2 / g (Invention 5).
- the present invention also provides the method for producing a ferromagnetic particle powder according to any one of the present invention 1 to 5, wherein the iron compound particle powder is subjected to a reduction treatment and then subjected to a nitriding treatment, wherein the iron particles used as a starting material
- the compound particle powder is made of iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide in which the average minor axis diameter of primary particles is 5 to 40 nm, the average major axis diameter is 30 to 200 nm, and the BET specific surface area is 85 to 230 m 2 / g. It is a manufacturing method of the ferromagnetic particle powder characterized by being (Invention 6).
- the present invention is also the method for producing a ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention 6, wherein the reduction treatment is performed after the particle surface of the iron compound particle powder is coated with an Si compound and / or an Al compound (the present invention). 7).
- the present invention is the method for producing a ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention 6 or 7, wherein the total time of the reduction treatment and the nitriding treatment is 36 hours or less (the present invention 8).
- the present invention is an anisotropic magnet comprising the ferromagnetic particle powder according to any one of the present inventions 1 to 5 (present invention 9).
- the present invention is a bonded magnet containing the ferromagnetic particle powder according to any one of the present inventions 1 to 5 (Invention 10).
- the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention has a large BH max and is therefore suitable as a magnetic material.
- the method for producing a ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention is suitable as a method for producing a ferromagnetic particle powder because an Fe 16 N 2 particle powder having a large BH max can be easily obtained.
- the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention comprises an Fe 16 N 2 single phase. When other crystal phases are present, it is difficult to say that the magnetic properties are sufficient.
- the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention has a maximum energy product BH max of 5 MGOe or more.
- BH max is less than 5 MGOe, it is difficult to say that the magnetic properties as a hard magnetic material such as a magnet material are sufficient.
- BH max is 6.0 MGOe or more, and even more preferably 6.5 MGOe or more.
- the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention has a saturation magnetization value ⁇ s of 130 emu / g or more and a coercive force H c of 1800 Oe or more.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s and the coercive force H c are less than the above ranges, it is difficult to say that the magnetic properties are sufficient as a hard magnetic material such as a magnet material.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s is 135 emu / g or more
- the coercive force H c is 2000 Oe or more
- the coercive force H c is 2200 Oe or more.
- the primary particle diameter of the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention is preferably 5 to 40 nm in average minor axis diameter and 5 to 250 nm in average major axis diameter. In the present invention, it is difficult to obtain single-phase Fe 16 N 2 having an average minor axis diameter and an average major axis diameter outside the above ranges.
- the average minor axis diameter is preferably 7 to 38 nm, the average major axis diameter is 7 to 220 nm, more preferably the average minor axis diameter is 8 to 35 nm, and the average major axis diameter is 8 to 200 nm.
- the specific surface area of the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention is preferably 80 to 250 m 2 / g. Is less than 80 m 2 / g, difficult to proceed nitriding, it is difficult to obtain a single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder. If it exceeds 250 m 2 / g, nitriding occurs excessively, making it difficult to obtain single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder.
- a more preferable specific surface area is 82 to 245 m 2 / g, still more preferably 85 to 240 m 2 / g.
- the ferromagnetic particle powder may be coated with a Si compound and / or an Al compound.
- the temperature of the heat treatment (reduction treatment, nitriding treatment) can be reduced, and local nitridation can be suppressed from excessively proceeding.
- the Si compound and / or Al compound is coated, the abundance is preferably 20000 ppm or less in terms of Si or Al with respect to the ferromagnetic particle powder.
- the coating amount of the Si compound and / or Al compound exceeds 20000 ppm, the nonmagnetic component increases, which is not preferable.
- the coating amount is more preferably 1000 to 15000 ppm, and even more preferably 1500 to 13000 ppm.
- the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention can be obtained by coating the surface of the iron compound particle powder with a Si compound and / or an Al compound, if necessary, followed by a reduction treatment and then a nitriding treatment.
- the particle shape of the starting iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as needle shape, granular shape, spindle shape, plate shape, spherical shape, cubic shape, rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide can be used, and is not particularly limited, but magnetite, ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , ⁇ -FeOOH, ⁇ -FeOOH, ⁇ -FeOOH, and the like.
- the starting material may be a single phase or may contain impurities, and the impurities may contain iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide other than the main phase.
- the primary particle diameter of the iron compound particle powder as a starting material has an average minor axis diameter of 5 to 40 nm and an average major axis diameter of 5 to 200 nm. If the average minor axis diameter is less than 5 nm and / or the average major axis diameter is less than 5 nm, nitridation occurs excessively, and single-phase Fe 16 N 2 cannot be obtained. When the short axis diameter exceeds 40 nm and / or the long axis diameter exceeds 200 nm, nitriding is difficult to proceed, and single-phase Fe 16 N 2 cannot be obtained.
- the average minor axis diameter is preferably 7 to 38 nm, the average major axis diameter is 7 to 190 nm, more preferably the average minor axis diameter is 8 to 35 nm, and the average major axis diameter is 8 to 185 nm.
- the specific surface area of the iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide used as the iron compound particle powder as the starting material is 85 to 230 m 2 / g. 85m is less than 2 / g, difficult to proceed nitride, single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder is not obtained. When it exceeds 230 m 2 / g, since nitriding occurs excessively, single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder cannot be obtained.
- a preferred specific surface area is 90 to 220 m 2 / g, more preferably 95 to 210 m 2 / g.
- the content of impurity elements such as Al, Mn, and Si in the iron compound particle powder as a starting material is small.
- impurity elements such as Al, Mn, and Si
- the impurity content is less than 3 wt%.
- the particle surface of the iron compound particle powder may be coated with a Si compound and / or an Al compound.
- the coating with the Si compound and / or Al compound is performed by adjusting the pH of the aqueous suspension obtained by dispersing the iron compound particle powder, and then adding the Si compound and / or Al compound and mixing and stirring, or If necessary, by adjusting the pH value after mixing and stirring, the particle surface of the iron compound particle powder is coated with the Si compound and / or Al compound, and then filtered, washed with water, dried and pulverized.
- Si compound No. 3 water glass, sodium orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate, colloidal silica or the like can be used.
- Al compound aluminum salts such as aluminum acetate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, and aluminum nitrate, alkali aluminates such as sodium aluminate, alumina sol, and the like can be used.
- the addition amount of the Si compound and / or Al compound is preferably 1000 to 20000 ppm in terms of Si or Al with respect to the iron compound particle powder. If it is less than 1000 ppm, it is difficult to say that the effect of suppressing the sintering between particles during heat treatment is sufficient. When it exceeds 20000 ppm, the nonmagnetic component increases, which is not preferable.
- the iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide that is the starting material in the present invention is preferably coated with at least alumina or silica.
- the surface of goethite particles is coated in order to suppress sintering of the particles by heat treatment for obtaining iron metal as a raw material before nitriding from goethite.
- the surface coating amount is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1000 to 20000 ppm in terms of Si or Al metal element, more preferably 1500 to 15000 ppm, and still more preferably 1500 to 13000 ppm.
- the specific surface area of the iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide coated with the Si compound and / or Al compound is preferably 90 to 250 m 2 / g. If it is less than 90 m 2 / g, nitriding is difficult to proceed, and single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder cannot be obtained. When it exceeds 250 m 2 / g, since nitriding occurs excessively, single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder cannot be obtained. Preferably, it is 92 to 240 m 2 / g, more preferably 95 to 240 m 2 / g.
- a rare earth compound such as Y or La may be coated together with the Si compound and the Al compound.
- the temperature of the reduction treatment is 300 to 600 ° C.
- the temperature of the reduction treatment is less than 300 ° C.
- the iron compound particle powder is not sufficiently reduced to metallic iron.
- the temperature of the reduction treatment exceeds 600 ° C., the iron compound particle powder is sufficiently reduced, but sintering between the particles also proceeds, which is not preferable.
- a more preferred reduction temperature is 350 to 500 ° C.
- the atmosphere for the reduction treatment is preferably a hydrogen atmosphere.
- nitriding treatment is performed.
- the temperature of the nitriding treatment is 100 to 200 ° C. When the nitriding temperature is less than 100 ° C., the nitriding does not proceed sufficiently. When the temperature of the nitriding process exceeds 200 ° C., ⁇ ′-Fe 4 N and ⁇ ′-Fe 2 to 3 N are generated, and thus a Fe 16 N 2 single phase cannot be obtained.
- a more preferable reduction temperature is 110 to 180 ° C.
- the atmosphere of the nitriding treatment is preferably an N 2 atmosphere, and in addition to N 2 , NH 3 , H 2 or the like may be mixed.
- the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention can be obtained by heat treatment (total time of reduction treatment and nitriding treatment) within 36 hours.
- heat treatment total time of reduction treatment and nitriding treatment
- the yield per hour is increased and the industrial productivity is excellent.
- the yield per hour is increased and the industrial productivity is excellent.
- the properties of the iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide as a starting material are controlled, and the reduction treatment conditions and the nitriding treatment conditions are appropriately selected, whereby the ferromagnetic particles targeted by the present invention A powder can be obtained.
- the magnetic properties of the ferromagnetic magnet according to the present invention may be adjusted so as to have desired magnetic properties (coercive force, residual magnetic flux density, maximum energy product) according to the intended application.
- a method for magnetic orientation is not particularly limited.
- an EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) resin is kneaded and molded with a single phase Fe 16 N 2 powder together with a dispersant at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature, and a desired external temperature at a temperature near the glass transition temperature.
- a magnetic field may be applied to promote magnetic orientation.
- a resin such as urethane, organic solvent, and single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder mixed and pulverized with a paint shaker or the like are applied and printed onto a resin film by a blade or Roll-to-Roll method. What is necessary is just to make magnetic orientation.
- the resin composition for bonded magnets in the present invention is obtained by dispersing the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention in a binder resin, containing 85 to 99% by weight of the ferromagnetic particle powder, with the balance being It consists of a binder resin and other additives.
- the binder resin can be variously selected depending on the molding method, and a thermoplastic resin can be used in the case of injection molding, extrusion molding and calendar molding, and a thermosetting resin can be used in the case of compression molding.
- a thermoplastic resin examples include nylon (PA), polypropylene (PP), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), liquid crystal resin (LCP), elastomer, and rubber.
- Resin can be used, and as the thermosetting resin, for example, epoxy resin, phenol resin or the like can be used.
- a resin composition for bonded magnets when manufacturing a resin composition for bonded magnets, known additives such as plasticizers, lubricants, coupling agents, etc., in addition to binder resins, may be used in order to facilitate molding or to sufficiently draw out magnetic properties. May be used. Also, various kinds of magnet powder such as ferrite magnet powder can be mixed.
- additives may be selected appropriately according to the purpose, and as the plasticizer, commercially available products corresponding to the respective resins used can be used, and the total amount depends on the binder resin used. On the other hand, about 0.01 to 5.0% by weight can be used.
- lubricant stearic acid and its derivatives, inorganic lubricants, oils and the like can be used, and about 0.01 to 1.0% by weight with respect to the whole bonded magnet can be used.
- the coupling agent a commercial product corresponding to the resin and filler used can be used, and about 0.01 to 3.0% by weight can be used with respect to the binder resin used.
- the resin composition for bonded magnets in the present invention is obtained by mixing and kneading ferromagnetic particle powder with a binder resin to obtain a bonded magnet resin composition.
- the mixing can be performed with a mixer such as a Henschel mixer, a V-shaped mixer, or Nauta, and the kneading can be performed with a uniaxial kneader, a biaxial kneader, a mortar-type kneader, an extrusion kneader, or the like.
- a mixer such as a Henschel mixer, a V-shaped mixer, or Nauta
- the kneading can be performed with a uniaxial kneader, a biaxial kneader, a mortar-type kneader, an extrusion kneader, or the like.
- the magnetic properties of the bond magnet may be adjusted so as to have desired magnetic properties (coercivity, residual magnetic flux density, maximum energy product) according to the intended application.
- the bonded magnet in the present invention is molded by a known molding method such as injection molding, extrusion molding, compression molding or calender molding using the resin composition for bonded magnet, and then electromagnetization or pulse magnetization according to a conventional method. By magnetizing, a bonded magnet can be obtained.
- the ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention is a single-phase Fe 16 N 2 powder and does not include other phases, a large BH max can be obtained.
- the specific surface area values of the starting material, iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide, and the obtained Fe 16 N 2 particle powder are B. E. T.A. Measured by the method.
- the primary particle size of iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide as a starting material and the obtained Fe 16 N 2 was measured using a transmission electron microscope (JEOL Ltd., JEM-1200EXII). The average value was obtained by selecting 120 particles for randomization and measuring the particle size.
- composition analysis of the starting material such as iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide, the obtained Fe 16 N 2 particles, or a sample coated with these particles was performed by dissolving the heated sample with an acid and plasma emission spectrometer (Seiko). It was determined by analysis using Electronic Industry Co., Ltd., SPS4000).
- the starting material and the constituent phase of the obtained Fe 16 N 2 particle powder were identified by a powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation, RINT-2500), a transmission electron microscope (JEOL Ltd., The electron diffraction (ED) evaluation using JEM-1200EXII) was performed and determined.
- the ED evaluation can determine whether ⁇ -Fe, Fe 4 N, or the like as an impurity phase is present microscopically using the difference in lattice constants, which is not known by XRD.
- the magnetic properties of the obtained Fe 16 N 2 particles were measured in a magnetic field of 0 to 7 T at room temperature (300 K) using a physical property measurement system (PPMS, Nippon Quantum Design Co., Ltd.).
- Example 1 ⁇ Adjustment of starting materials> Goethite particles having a short axis diameter of 17 nm, a long axis diameter of 110 nm, and a specific surface area of 123 m 2 / g were prepared using ferric chloride, caustic soda, and sodium carbonate. This was separated and separated by Nutsche, and repulped using a disper mixer so as to be 3 g / L in pure water. While stirring this, dilute nitric acid is used to maintain the pH of the slurry at 6.5, and a water glass solution of 5 wt% -SiO 2 is used as SiO 2 -coated goethite particles so that Si is 5000 ppm.
- the solution was added dropwise at 40 ° C. over 2 hours.
- the sample was separated again by Nutsche and thoroughly washed with 5 ml of pure water equivalent to 150 ml of pure water. Then, it dried with the 60 degreeC vacuum dryer and extracted only the aggregated particle of 10 micrometers or less with the atomizer grinder and the vibration sieve.
- the Si content of the obtained sample was 4800 ppm.
- the obtained particle powder was Fe 16 N 2 single phase from XRD and ED.
- the primary particle size was a minor axis diameter of 22 nm, a major axis diameter of 98 nm, and a specific surface area of 132 m 2 / g.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 147 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 2710 Oe
- BH max 7.4 MGOe.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, goethite particles having a minor axis diameter of 15 nm, a major axis diameter of 30 nm, and a specific surface area of 197 m 2 / g were obtained using ferric chloride, caustic soda, and sodium carbonate. This was separated and separated by Nutsche, and repulped using a disper mixer so as to be 5 g / L in pure water. While stirring this, a water glass solution with 5 wt% -SiO 2 so that the pH is maintained at 7.0 with dilute nitric acid is used at 40 ° C. so that Si becomes 10,000 ppm as SiO 2 coated goethite particles. It was dripped over 5 hours.
- the sample was separated again by Nutsche and washed well with 5 ml of pure water equivalent to 200 ml of pure water. Then, it dried with the 55 degreeC vacuum dryer and extracted only the aggregated particle of 10 micrometers or less with the atomizer grinder and the vibration sieve. The Si content of the obtained sample was 9800 ppm.
- the nitriding gas is a mixed gas of ammonia gas, nitrogen gas, and hydrogen gas with a mixing ratio of 7: 2.8: 0.2, and nitriding treatment is performed at 140 ° C. for 17 hours while flowing a total amount of 8 L / min. Went.
- the obtained particle powder was Fe 16 N 2 single phase from XRD and ED.
- the primary particle size was 19 nm for the minor axis, 28 nm for the major axis, and 201 m 2 / g in specific surface area.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 159 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 2658 Oe
- BH max 7.0 MGOe.
- Example 3 A sample was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. However, the surface of the goethite particles was first coated with yttria at 700 ppm in terms of Y, and further with alumina coated at 3000 ppm in terms of Al. The reduction treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The nitriding treatment was performed at 142 ° C. for 15 hours in an ammonia gas flow of 5 L / min. The Y and Al contents of the obtained sample were 689 ppm and 2950 ppm, respectively.
- the obtained particle powder was Fe 16 N 2 single phase from XRD and ED. Further, the primary particle size was a short axis diameter of 18 nm, a long axis diameter of 30 nm, and a specific surface area of 205 m 2 / g.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 151 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 2688 Oe
- BH max 7.1 MGOe.
- Example 4 A magnetite having a major axis and minor axis of 13 nm and a specific surface area of 156 m 2 / g is obtained using a solution obtained by weighing and dissolving so that the Fe ratio of ferrous nitrate and ferric nitrate is 0.97: 2 and caustic soda. It was. In the same manner as in Example 1, a silica coating of 4000 ppm in terms of Si was performed, and as a result of analysis, the Si content was 3780 ppm. XRD revealed that this magnetite contained a very small amount of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 as an impurity. This was subjected to washing, drying, pulverization, and sieving in the same manner as in Example 1, and reduction treatment and nitriding treatment were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2.
- the obtained particle powder was Fe 16 N 2 single phase from XRD and ED.
- the primary particle size was 14 nm for both the short axis diameter and the long axis diameter, and the specific surface area was 173 m 2 / g.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 145 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 2258 Oe
- BH max 6.3 MGOe.
- Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 1, goethite particles having a short axis diameter of 17 nm, a long axis diameter of 110 nm, and a specific surface area of 123 m 2 / g were obtained. This was heat-treated in air at 300 ° C. for 1 h to obtain hematite particle powder. Subsequently, the obtained hematite particle powder was subjected to a reduction treatment at 295 ° C. for 4 hours in a 100% hydrogen gas stream. The furnace was cooled while flowing hydrogen up to 100 ° C. The flow gas was switched to 100% ammonia gas, and the gas was allowed to flow at 4 L / min. The temperature was raised to 150 ° C. at a rate of 5 ° C./min, and nitriding was performed at 150 ° C. for 10 hours.
- the obtained particle powder was Fe 16 N 2 single phase from XRD and ED.
- the primary particle size was a minor axis diameter of 32 nm, a major axis diameter of 53 nm, and a specific surface area of 86 m 2 / g.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 166 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 1940 Oe
- BH max 9.1 MGOe.
- Reference example 1 Silica-coated goethite particles obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 were reduced at 650 ° C. for 20 hours and subjected to nitriding treatment at 160 ° C. for 12 hours in an ammonia gas flow of 4 L / min.
- the obtained particle powder was a mixed phase of ⁇ -Fe, Fe 16 N 2 , Fe 3 N, and Fe 4 N from XRD and ED. Further, the primary particle size was a short axis diameter of 34 nm, a long axis diameter of 85 nm, and a specific surface area of 105 m 2 / g.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 136 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 1235 Oe
- BH max 3.4 MGOe.
- Comparative Example 1 A goethite having a minor axis diameter of 24 nm, a major axis diameter of 240 nm, and a specific surface area of 88 m 2 / g was obtained using ferric chloride and caustic soda. Subsequently, the silica coating of 4000 ppm in terms of Si was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result of the analysis, the Si content was 3530 ppm. After washing, drying, pulverizing, and sieving in the same manner as in Example 1, reduction treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, followed by nitriding treatment.
- the gas during nitriding is a mixed gas of ammonia gas, nitrogen gas, and hydrogen gas with a mixing ratio of 7: 0.3: 2.7, and the nitriding treatment is performed at 160 ° C. for 24 hours while flowing 8 L / min in total. went.
- the obtained particle powder was a mixed phase of ⁇ -Fe, Fe 16 N 2 , Fe 3 N, and Fe 4 N from XRD and ED.
- the primary particle size was 30 nm short axis diameter, 207 nm long axis diameter, and a specific surface area of 99 m 2 / g.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 108 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 1745 Oe
- BH max 2.9 MGOe.
- Comparative Example 2 A goethite having a minor axis diameter of 35 nm, a major axis diameter of 157 nm, and a specific surface area of 78 m 2 / g was obtained using ferric chloride and caustic soda. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, 9000 ppm silica coating was performed. As a result of analysis, the Si content was 8600 ppm. This was washed, dried, pulverized and sieved in the same manner as in Example 1, and then reduced and nitrided as in Example 1.
- the obtained particle powder was a mixed phase of ⁇ -Fe, Fe 16 N 2 , Fe 3 N, and Fe 4 N from XRD and ED.
- the primary particle size was a short axis diameter of 43 nm, a long axis diameter of 126 nm, and a specific surface area of 97 m 2 / g.
- the saturation magnetization value ⁇ s 106 emu / g
- the coercive force H c 1368 Oe
- BH max 2.1 MGOe.
- the method for producing a ferromagnetic particle powder according to the present invention is suitable as a method for producing a ferromagnetic particle powder because an Fe 16 N 2 particle powder having a large BH max can be easily obtained.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る強磁性粒子粉末は、単相のFe16N2粉末であって他相の混在がないことから、大きなBHmaxが得られる。
<出発原料の調整>
短軸径17nm、長軸径110nm、比表面積123m2/gのゲータイト粒子を塩化第二鉄、苛性ソーダ、炭酸ソーダを用いて作製した。これをヌッチェで濾別分離し、純水中3g/Lとなるようディスパーミキサーを用いてリパルプした。これを攪拌しながら、希硝酸を用いてスラリーのpHが6.5となるように保持し、5wt%-SiO2とした水ガラス溶液を、SiO2被覆ゲータイト粒子としてSiが5000ppmとなるよう、40℃にて2hかけて滴下した。再びヌッチェで濾別分離して、試料5gに対して純水150ml相当の純水でよく洗浄した。続いて、60℃の真空乾燥機で乾燥し、アトマイザー粉砕機と振動篩で10μm以下の凝集粒子のみを抽出した。得られた試料のSi含有量は4800ppmであった。
上記で得られた試料粉末50gをアルミナ製甲鉢(125mm×125mm×深さ30mm)に入れ、熱処理炉に静置させた。炉内を真空引きした後、アルゴンガスを充填し、再び真空引きする操作を3回繰り返した。その後、水素ガスを5L/minの流量で流しながら、5℃/minの昇温速度で400℃まで昇温し、4h保持して還元処理を行った。その後、140℃まで降温して水素ガスの供給を止めた。続いて、アンモニアガスを10L/minにて流しながら、140℃で20h窒化処理を行った。その後、アルゴンガスを流通させて室温まで降温し、アルゴンガス供給を止めて、空気置換を3hかけて行った。
得られた粒子粉末はXRD、EDよりFe16N2単相であった。また、一次粒子サイズは、短軸径22nm、長軸径98nm、比表面積132m2/gであった。磁気特性を測定したところ、飽和磁化値σs=147emu/g、保磁力Hc=2710Oe、BHmax=7.4MGOeであった。
実施例1と同様にして、短軸径15nm、長軸径30nm、比表面積197m2/gのゲータイト粒子を塩化第二鉄、苛性ソーダ、炭酸ソーダを用いて得た。これをヌッチェで濾別分離し、純水中5g/Lとなるようディスパーミキサーを用いてリパルプした。これを攪拌しながら、pHを希硝酸で7.0保持となるようにして、5wt%-SiO2とした水ガラス溶液を、SiO2被覆ゲータイト粒子としてSiが10000ppmとなるよう、40℃にて5hかけて滴下した。再びヌッチェで濾別分離して、試料5gに対して純水200ml相当の純水でよく洗浄した。続いて、55℃の真空乾燥機で乾燥し、アトマイザー粉砕機と振動篩で10μm以下の凝集粒子のみを抽出した。得られた試料のSi含有量は9800ppmであった。
実施例2同様にして試料を得た。ただし、ゲータイト粒子表面をまずイットリアをY換算で700ppmを被覆し、さらにその上にアルミナをAl換算で3000ppmとなるように表面被覆した。還元処理は実施例1同様に行った。また、窒化処理はアンモニアガス5L/min気流中142℃にて15h行った。得られた試料のY,Al含有量はそれぞれ689ppm、2950ppmであった。
硝酸第一鉄と硝酸第二鉄のFe比率が0.97:2となるように秤量し溶解した溶液と苛性ソーダを用いて長軸、短軸ともに13nm、比表面積156m2/gのマグネタイトを得た。実施例1同様にしてSi換算4000ppmのシリカコートを行い、分析の結果、Si含有量は3780ppmであった。このマグネタイトには、不純物として、ごく微量のα-Fe2O3が含まれていることがXRDより分かった。これを実施例1同様にして洗浄・乾燥・粉砕・篩の作業をして、実施例2と同様に還元処理及び窒化処理を行った。
実施例1と同様にして、短軸径17nm、長軸径110nm、比表面積123m2/gのゲータイト粒子を得た。これを空気中で300℃にて1h熱処理することでヘマタイト粒子粉末とした。続けて、得られたヘマタイト粒子粉末を水素100%気流中で295℃にて4hの還元処理を行った。100℃まで水素を流通させながら炉冷した。流通ガスをアンモニアガス100%に切換え、4L/minにてガスを流した。150℃まで5℃/minの昇温速度で昇温し、150℃にて10h窒化処理を行った。
実施例1と同様にして得られたシリカ被覆ゲータイト粒子を650℃にて20h還元し、アンモニアガス4L/min気流中で160℃にて12h窒化処理を行った。
塩化第二鉄と苛性ソーダを用いて短軸径24nm、長軸径240nm、比表面積88m2/gのゲータイトを得た。次いで、実施例1と同様にしてSi換算4000ppmのシリカ被覆を行い、分析の結果、Si含有量は3530ppmであった。これを実施例1同様にして洗浄・乾燥・粉砕・篩の作業をした後、実施例1と同様にして還元処理し、次いで、窒化処理を行った。窒化処理時のガスは、アンモニアガスと窒素ガスと水素ガスの混合比が7:0.3:2.7の混合ガスとして、全量で8L/minを流しながら、160℃にて24h窒化処理を行った。
塩化第二鉄と苛性ソーダを用いて短軸径35nm、長軸径157nm、比表面積78m2/gのゲータイトを得た。次いで、実施例1と同様にしてSi換算9000ppmのシリカ被覆を行い、分析の結果、Si含有量は8600ppmであった。これを実施例1同様にして洗浄・乾燥・粉砕・篩の作業をし、次いで、実施例1と同様に還元及び窒化処理を行った。
Claims (10)
- Fe16N2単相からなる強磁性粒子粉末であって、該強磁性粒子粉末のBHmaxが5MGOe以上であることを特徴とする強磁性粒子粉末。
- 更に、Fe16N2粒子粉末の粒子表面がSi及び/又はAl化合物で被覆されている請求項1に記載の強磁性粒子粉末。
- 飽和磁化値σsが130emu/g以上であって、保磁力Hcが1800Oe以上である請求項1又は2記載の強磁性粒子粉末。
- 一次粒子径が平均短軸径5~40nm、平均長軸径30~250nmである請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の強磁性粒子粉末。
- BET比表面積が80~250m2/gである請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の強磁性粒子粉末。
- 鉄化合物粒子粉末について還元処理を行い、次いで、窒化処理を行う請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の強磁性粒子粉末の製造方法であって、出発原料として用いる前記鉄化合物粒子粉末が、一次粒子の平均短軸径が5~40nmであって平均長軸径が30~200nmであり、BET比表面積が85~230m2/gである酸化鉄又はオキシ水酸化鉄であることを特徴とする強磁性粒子粉末の製造方法。
- 更に、鉄化合物粒子粉末の粒子表面をSi化合物及び/又はAl化合物で被覆した後に前記還元処理を行う請求項6に記載の強磁性粒子粉末の製造方法。
- 還元処理及び窒化処理の合計時間が36時間以内である請求項6又は7記載の強磁性粒子粉末の製造方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の強磁性粒子粉末からなる異方性磁石。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の強磁性粒子粉末を含有するボンド磁石。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20120244356A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
EP2492927A4 (en) | 2013-05-15 |
KR20120091091A (ko) | 2012-08-17 |
TW201135760A (en) | 2011-10-16 |
EP2492927A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
CN102576591A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
JP5769223B2 (ja) | 2015-08-26 |
JP2011091215A (ja) | 2011-05-06 |
US20160189836A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
EP2492927B1 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
TWI498926B (zh) | 2015-09-01 |
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