WO2009142290A1 - 放熱シート及び放熱装置 - Google Patents
放熱シート及び放熱装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009142290A1 WO2009142290A1 PCT/JP2009/059415 JP2009059415W WO2009142290A1 WO 2009142290 A1 WO2009142290 A1 WO 2009142290A1 JP 2009059415 W JP2009059415 W JP 2009059415W WO 2009142290 A1 WO2009142290 A1 WO 2009142290A1
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- sheet
- heat
- heat dissipation
- graphite powder
- thermosetting rubber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/3737—Organic materials with or without a thermoconductive filler
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/016—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L13/00—Compositions of rubbers containing carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat dissipation sheet and a heat dissipation device. Specifically, the present invention relates to a heat radiating sheet that has excellent heat dissipation and handling properties, and has sheet characteristics that can follow changes in temperature used, and a heat radiating device using the same.
- PC personal computers
- measuring equipment has increased rapidly, and the density of multilayer wiring boards and semiconductors, which are important members inside the equipment, and electronic components have increased. It is out.
- the amount of heat generated inside the PC is larger than that of the conventional PC, causing problems such as trouble during operation (malfunction or inoperability).
- each PC manufacturer installs a cooling fan with higher performance than before to improve the internal cooling speed, or flexibly between the heat-generating member and the heat-dissipating plate to improve the heat dissipation of the heat-generating body.
- a good heat dissipation material is obtained by interposing a heat dissipating material and improving the adhesion between the members.
- the high performance of the cooling fan causes an increase in the size of the PC, which further increases noise and increases costs.
- a grease type (adhesive heat radiating material) is used between a heat generating member and a heat radiating plate (metal plate or the like) to improve heat radiating characteristics.
- this method causes poor workability when assembling the heat dissipation device due to poor handling due to the stickiness of the grease, and the viscosity change of the grease with the temperature change is large, and the change of the heat dissipation characteristics is regarded as a problem.
- a heat dissipation sheet that is flexible and has stable surface properties (adhesion function due to stickiness) has attracted attention.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a heat-dissipating resin molded product in which graphite powder is blended with a thermoplastic resin
- Patent Document 2 discloses a polyester resin composition containing graphite, carbon black and the like
- Patent Document 3 discloses a rubber composition in which artificial graphite having a particle size of 1 to 20 ⁇ m is blended
- Patent Document 4 includes a composition in which spherical graphite having a crystal plane spacing of 0.330 to 0.340 nm is blended with silicone rubber. It is disclosed.
- Patent Document 5 describes a highly heat-dissipating composite material characterized in that specific graphite particles are pressed and compressed in a solid and aligned parallel to the surface of the composition, and a method for producing the same. Yes.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a heat dissipating molded body in which the c-axis in the crystal structure of the graphite powder in the molded body is oriented in a method orthogonal to the heat dissipating direction, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the heat dissipation sheet is required to have excellent sheet handling properties.
- functions such as followability to special shapes such as irregularities and curved surfaces of the heating element and the heat dissipation material, and stress relaxation.
- the function of sheet handling is an important issue from the viewpoint of improving productivity. Therefore, functionalization of the characteristics of the heat-dissipating sheet has progressed, and development of a sheet having excellent tackiness, flexibility, heat resistance, strength, and high heat dissipation is strongly desired.
- the heat dissipating molded body disclosed in Patent Document 6 has excellent heat dissipating properties, but has a problem in sheet handling properties due to lack of tackiness, flexibility, heat resistance, and strength.
- JP-A-62-131033 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-246456 JP 05-247268 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-298433 JP-A-11-001621 JP 2003-321554 A
- the present invention is to provide a heat radiating sheet that has excellent heat dissipation and handling, and has sheet characteristics that can follow changes in temperature used, and a heat radiating device using the heat radiating sheet.
- the present inventors have excellent heat dissipation characteristics by orienting anisotropic graphite powder in a certain direction in the binder component, and as a binder component of the heat dissipation sheet, It has been found that by using a plastic rubber component and a thermosetting rubber component, it is excellent in tackiness, heat resistance, flexibility and strength. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- a binder component comprising (A) a thermoplastic rubber component, (B) a thermosetting rubber component, and (C) a thermosetting rubber curing agent crosslinkable to the (B) thermosetting rubber component.
- a heat radiating sheet characterized in that anisotropic graphite powder is oriented in a certain direction.
- thermosetting rubber component (B) is a modified synthetic rubber modified with a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group or an amino group.
- thermosetting rubber component (B) a solid carboxyl group-modified synthetic rubber that is solid at room temperature and a liquid carboxyl group-modified synthetic rubber that is liquid at room temperature are used.
- the heat dissipation sheet described in 1. The heat radiation sheet according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent is an epoxy group-containing compound. (7) The heat dissipation sheet according to any one of (1) to (6), further comprising a phosphate ester.
- the anisotropic graphite powder is a pulverized powder of an expanded graphite molded sheet, has a thin needle-branch shape or a dendritic shape, and the anisotropic graphite powder is oriented in the sheet thickness direction (1) ) To (7). (9) Any of (1) to (8) above, wherein the anisotropic graphite powder has an average particle size in the range of 50 to 2000 ⁇ m and a bulk density in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 g / cm 3 .
- the heat dissipation sheet as described in one.
- a primary sheet is prepared by orienting a composition containing the anisotropic graphite powder and the binder component in a direction substantially parallel to a main surface of the anisotropic graphite powder in the composition. And Laminating the primary sheet to obtain a molded body, The heat dissipation sheet according to any one of the above (1) to (9), which is obtained by slicing the molded body at an angle of 45 to 80 degrees with respect to a normal line emerging from the primary sheet surface.
- a primary sheet is prepared by orienting a composition containing the anisotropic graphite powder and the binder component in a direction substantially parallel to a main surface of the graphite powder in the composition, The primary sheet is wound around the orientation direction of the graphite powder to obtain a molded body, The heat dissipation sheet according to any one of the above (1) to (9), which is obtained by slicing the molded body at an angle of 45 to 80 degrees with respect to a normal line emerging from the primary sheet surface. (12) A heat dissipation device in which the heat dissipation sheet according to any one of (1) to (11) is combined with another member.
- thermo conductivity thermo conductivity
- sheet characteristics taciness, heat resistance, flexibility, strength
- the heat dissipation sheet of the present invention comprises (A) a thermoplastic rubber component, (B) a thermosetting rubber component, and (B) a thermosetting rubber curing agent that can be crosslinked to the thermosetting rubber component.
- the anisotropic graphite powder is oriented in a certain direction in the binder component to be contained.
- the heat dissipation sheet may be used between the heat generating member and the heat dissipation plate, and the operating environment temperature changes under the condition that a certain pressure is applied. It becomes. Therefore, the thermoplastic rubber component (A) alone as the binder component cannot cope with heat resistance and strength improvement. On the other hand, when only (B) thermosetting rubber component (and (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent) is used as a binder component, there is a problem that tackiness and flexibility are lowered. In the present invention, by using together (A) a thermoplastic rubber component and (B) a thermosetting rubber component as the binder component, the advantages of both can be taken.
- the heat dissipation sheet of the present invention can efficiently dissipate heat by orienting the anisotropic graphite powder in a certain direction.
- the orientation direction of the anisotropic graphite powder is preferably parallel to the sheet thickness direction.
- the anisotropic graphite powder is “oriented in the thickness direction of the heat-dissipating sheet” means that the cross-section in the thickness direction of each side obtained by cutting the heat-dissipating sheet into a regular octagon is first observed using a fluorescence microscope. Measure the angle of the long axis of anisotropic graphite powder with respect to the surface of the heat-dissipating sheet from the direction in which about 50 graphite powders are visible with respect to the cross section of one side. The average value is in the range of 60 to 90 degrees.
- the heat radiating sheet of the present invention further includes (C) a thermosetting rubber curing agent capable of crosslinking with the (B) thermosetting rubber component in the binder component, and after heat treatment, (A) a thermoplastic rubber component; (C) Mixed with (B) thermosetting rubber component cross-linked with thermosetting rubber curing agent, sheet handling improves, heat dissipation and sheet characteristics against temperature changes when using PC (Tackiness, heat resistance, flexibility, strength, etc.)
- the maintenance function can be shared.
- thermosetting rubber component By the action of the thermoplastic rubber component, it is possible to obtain excellent properties in flexibility (adhesion with the member) and tackiness (adhesion with the member), and (C) thermosetting rubber curing.
- thermosetting rubber component cross-linked with the agent can improve the handleability (strength improvement) and maintain the sheet properties due to the temperature change inside the PC (heat resistance improvement). In addition, stable heat dissipation characteristics can be obtained.
- the (A) thermoplastic rubber component used in the present invention is a component in which the movement of the molecular chain varies greatly depending on the use temperature of the heat dissipation sheet. Thereby, it can be set as the thermal radiation sheet excellent in the softness
- thermoplastic rubber component examples include acrylic rubber obtained by copolymerization of acrylic acid ester (ethyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl) and other monomers; ethylene obtained by reacting ethylene and propylene with a catalyst.
- -Propylene rubber butyl rubber obtained by copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene
- styrene butadiene rubber obtained by copolymerization of butadiene and styrene
- NBR made of acrylonitrile and butadiene
- the (A) thermoplastic rubber component exemplified above can be used alone or in combination.
- the optimum molecular weight of the (A) thermoplastic rubber component used is preferably in the range of 200 to 2,000,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight, and particularly preferably in the range of 300,000 to 1,500,000.
- weight average molecular weight is 200,000 or less, the glass transition temperature of the finally obtained heat-dissipating sheet is lowered, the physical properties of the sheet accompanying the temperature change inside the PC are greatly changed, and the heat-dissipating characteristics are easily changed.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (A) thermoplastic rubber component to be used is 2 million or more, not only the mixing property with the anisotropic graphite powder is lowered but also the tackiness and flexibility are poor.
- thermoplastic rubber component there is no limit to the amount of the (A) thermoplastic rubber component to be used, but the total amount of (A) the thermoplastic rubber component and (B) the thermosetting rubber component in the binder component is 100 parts by mass.
- the content of 10 to 70 parts by mass is preferable, and if it is out of this range, the above-mentioned sheet characteristics (tackiness and flexibility) cannot be maintained.
- thermoplastic rubber component examples include acrylic rubber (trade name: THR-811DS, weight average molecular weight: 500,000, manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation), (trade name: Nipol AR31, Nippon Zeon ( (Trade name: Nipol AR51, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), (trade name: Nipol AR71, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), (trade name: Nipol AR32, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), (Product name: Nipol AR42W, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.).
- acrylic rubber trade name: THR-811DS, weight average molecular weight: 500,000, manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation
- Nipol AR31 Nippon Zeon
- Nipol AR71 manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
- Nipol AR32 manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
- Product name Nipol AR42W, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
- thermosetting rubber component is a component before curing, and has a cured composition by heat treatment with (C) a thermosetting rubber curing agent.
- the (B) thermosetting rubber component is a component that undergoes little change in molecular chain movement depending on the operating temperature of the heat-dissipating sheet by crosslinking with the (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent, thereby improving handling. (Strength improvement) and sheet properties due to temperature changes inside the PC can be maintained (heat resistance improvement), and stable heat dissipation characteristics can be obtained even under rapid use environment high temperature changes.
- thermosetting rubber component used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and (C) a modified synthetic rubber having a functional group capable of crosslinking with a thermosetting rubber curing agent can be used. Further, when (B) a thermosetting rubber component is selected, the type of (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent is an important point.
- thermosetting rubber component The crosslinking of the (B) thermosetting rubber component according to the present invention is not simply an increase in the molecular weight of the (B) thermosetting rubber component due to crosslinking, but (C) the material structure and characteristics used as a thermosetting rubber curing agent.
- the thermosetting rubber component has a functional group capable of crosslinking with (C) a thermosetting rubber curing agent because (B) the three-dimensionalization of thermosetting rubber components is reflected in the sheet characteristics.
- a rubber component is preferred.
- thermosetting rubber curing agent preferably a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or the like
- thermosetting rubber component includes these functional groups.
- a modified modified synthetic rubber is preferable to use a modified modified synthetic rubber.
- NBR which is a copolymer of acrylonitrile / butadiene / methacrylic acid having a carboxyl group and acrylic rubber obtained by copolymerization with butyl acrylate / acrylonitrile / acrylic acid are preferable in terms of sheet characteristics and cost.
- thermosetting rubber component when a component that is solid at room temperature and a component that is liquid at room temperature are used in combination, strength, heat resistance, and properties that are solid at room temperature are liquid at room temperature. It is preferable because heat resistance and flexibility can be obtained in a well-balanced manner by blending both characteristics of flexibility, which is a characteristic of the component.
- normal temperature is 15 to 30 ° C.
- the component that is solid at normal temperature is preferably a modified synthetic rubber having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 or more that is solid at normal temperature and modified with a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or the like, and more preferably a solid carboxyl group-modified synthetic rubber, Particularly preferred is a solid carboxyl group-modified NBR.
- the component that is liquid at room temperature is preferably a modified synthetic rubber that is liquid at room temperature and has a weight average molecular weight of not more than 90,000 and modified with a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, and the like. It is preferably a modified synthetic rubber, particularly preferably a liquid carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber.
- the molecular weight of the carboxyl group-modified NBR and carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber to be preferably used is not particularly limited.
- a solid carboxyl group-modified synthetic rubber preferably a weight average molecular weight of 150,000 to 500,000
- a liquid carboxyl group-modified synthetic rubber Preferably, a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 to 90,000
- the ratio in the case of mixing and using is arbitrarily determined by a required characteristic. When many thermosetting rubber components that are solid at normal temperature are used, the strength and heat resistance tend to be improved, and when thermosetting rubber components that are liquid at normal temperature are used, flexibility tends to be increased.
- thermosetting rubber component that is solid at room temperature
- examples of the thermosetting rubber component that is solid at room temperature include carboxyl group-modified NBR (trade name: Nippon 1072, weight average molecular weight: 250,000, carboxyl group concentration: 0.75 (KOHmg / g , Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- thermosetting rubber component that is liquid at room temperature
- examples of the thermosetting rubber component that is liquid at room temperature include carboxyl group-modified NBR (trade name: Nippon DN601, weight average molecular weight: 68,000, carboxyl group concentration: 0.75 (KOHmg / G), manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), X750, X740, X146, X160 (manufactured by JSR Corporation), and the like.
- the amount of the (B) thermosetting rubber component that can be crosslinked with the (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent is the sum of the (A) thermoplastic rubber component and the (B) thermosetting rubber component in the binder component.
- the amount is preferably 10 to 70 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass, and if it is out of this range, it becomes difficult to obtain a well-balanced heat dissipation sheet.
- thermosetting rubber curing agent A reaction system of a modified synthetic rubber having a hydroxyl group as a thermosetting rubber component and an isocyanate (NCO) compound as a thermosetting rubber curing agent (C) can be considered, but it reacts instantaneously with moisture. Isocyanate compounds are not preferred because they are difficult to handle and control reaction. Although there is no restriction
- thermosetting rubber component an epoxy group-containing compound is preferred as the (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent.
- an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups is preferable.
- the epoxy group-containing compound also functions to improve the adhesive force and heat resistance of the heat-dissipating sheet with other members, and to improve the mixing property between the binder component and the anisotropic graphite powder. Therefore, the heat dissipation sheet of the present invention has physical properties partially reflecting the characteristics of the epoxy group-containing compound used.
- Epoxy group-containing compounds polymerized with epichlorohydrin having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 500 or less and bisphenol A are preferred.
- thermosetting rubber component in particular carboxyl group-modified synthetic rubber or amino group-modified synthetic rubber
- epoxy group-containing compound as a thermosetting rubber curing agent
- thermosetting rubber component Is determined by the carboxyl group concentration or amino group concentration and the molecular weight of the epoxy group-containing compound and the number of epoxy groups (equivalent), but (B) the equivalent molecular weight is difficult because the molecular weight of the thermosetting rubber component is large.
- the epoxy group-containing compound is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the carboxyl group-modified synthetic rubber or amino group-modified synthetic rubber.
- the compounding amount of the epoxy group-containing compound is 1 part by mass or less, not only the crosslinking density via the epoxy group-containing compound is improved, but also the tack property and the mixing property of the binder component and the anisotropic graphite powder cannot be expected. If the blending amount exceeds 30 parts by mass, the epoxy group-containing compound that does not contribute to crosslinking increases, and the heat resistance and sheet characteristics tend to decrease. If necessary, a curing accelerator such as an isocyanate or an amine compound is used.
- the reaction between the (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent and the (B) thermosetting rubber component is achieved by heat treatment.
- the crosslinking density obtained by crosslinking (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent and (B) thermosetting rubber component can be arbitrarily set according to the heat treatment conditions.
- thermosetting rubber component and (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent contained in the binder component can be changed depending on the heat treatment conditions, a heat dissipation sheet with properties that meet customer requirements is provided. it can.
- the heat dissipating sheet of the present invention when priority is given to the tack property between the heat generating member and the heat dissipating plate, there is a method in which the heat dissipating sheet without heat treatment is used as an adhesive sheet and then heated to be completely cured.
- the heat-dissipating sheet of the present invention is heat-treated, and (B) thermosetting rubber component and (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent in the binder component are completely cured, Depending on the tackiness of the thermoplastic rubber component (A) dispersed in the binder component, there is a method of setting between the heat generating member and the heat sink.
- thermosetting rubber component before using the heat dissipation sheet of the present invention as a heat dissipation material, (B) the thermosetting rubber component and (C) the thermosetting rubber curing agent are completely cured.
- the heat dissipation sheet before use as a material it is possible to change the crosslinking density according to customer requirements.
- the anisotropic graphite powder that functions as a heat dissipation material used in the sheet of the present invention is preferably a pulverized powder of an expanded graphite molded sheet, and preferably has a thin needle-branch or dendritic shape.
- the manufacturing method of the pulverized powder of the expanded graphite molded sheet includes, for example, the following steps. (1) Production of expanded graphite, (2) Using expanded graphite, producing an expanded graphite molded sheet, (3) pulverizing the expanded graphite molded sheet, (4) Classification to make anisotropic graphite powder.
- the method for producing expanded graphite is not particularly limited.
- the expanded graphite becomes a worm-like short fiber and is in a complicatedly entangled form.
- the expansion ratio of expanded graphite is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 times or more and more preferably 50 times to 500 times in consideration of heat dissipation characteristics.
- expanded graphite having an expansion ratio of 100 times or less the strength of the obtained expanded graphite molded sheet is lowered, and when expanded graphite of 500 times or more is used, it is difficult to produce the expanded graphite molded sheet.
- the expanded graphite is preferably heat-treated at a higher temperature to remove impurities contained in the expanded graphite.
- the raw graphite for the expanded graphite is not particularly limited, and graphite having highly developed crystals such as natural graphite, quiche graphite, and pyrolytic graphite is preferable. Natural graphite is preferable in consideration of the balance between obtained characteristics and economic efficiency.
- the natural graphite to be used is not particularly limited, and commercially available products such as F48C (manufactured by Nippon Graphite Co., Ltd.) and H-50 (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Co., Ltd.) can be used. These are preferably used in a scaly form.
- the acidic substance used for the treatment of graphite is generally capable of generating acidic roots (anions), such as sulfuric acid, which enter the graphite layer and have sufficient expansion ability.
- Sulfuric acid as an acidic substance is used at an appropriate concentration, but is preferably 95% by mass or more, and particularly preferably concentrated sulfuric acid.
- the amount of the acidic substance used is not particularly limited and is determined by a target expansion ratio. For example, it is preferably used in an amount of 100 to 1000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material graphite.
- the oxidizing agent used in combination with the acidic substance is preferably used as an aqueous solution when hydrogen peroxide is used as hydrogen peroxide, potassium perchlorate, potassium permanganate, or bicarbonate.
- concentration of hydrogen oxide is not particularly limited but is preferably in the range of 20 to 40% by mass.
- the amount used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably blended in the range of 5 to 60 parts by mass as hydrogen peroxide to 100 parts by mass of the raw material graphite.
- the density of the obtained expanded graphite molded sheet layer is substantially determined by the expanded graphite filling amount and the molding pressure.
- the density of the expanded graphite molded sheet to be used is not limited, but a range of 0.07 to 1.5 g / cm 3 is preferable. When the density is 0.07 g / cm 3 or less, the expanded graphite molded sheet is brittle and has low strength, and when the density is 1.5 g / cm 3 or more, the expanded graphite pseudo-collection tends to be destroyed during molding.
- the expanded graphite molded sheet can be obtained by the above-mentioned production method, but the following materials can be obtained and used.
- Examples of the expanded graphite molded sheet used in the present invention include Carbofit HGP-105 and HGP-207 manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the apparatus used in the steps (3) and (4) is not limited, and a general dry pulverizer and dry classifier can be used to obtain an anisotropic graphite powder having a thin needle branch or dendritic shape. be able to.
- One of the features of the heat dissipation sheet of the present invention is the shape of anisotropic graphite powder. When the shape is spherical or nearly spherical, contact between anisotropic graphite powders described later becomes slow. A target heat radiating sheet having high heat radiating properties cannot be obtained.
- thin needle-branch is a shape in which sharp leaves like a conifer are flattened.
- the “dendritic shape” is a shape like a tree branch, in which a plurality of twigs are intertwined. Note that these shapes are confirmed using SEM photographs.
- the particle diameter and density of the anisotropic graphite powder have an optimum range, and the average particle diameter (D50) is preferably in the range of 50 to 2000 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the anisotropic graphite powder is 50 ⁇ m or less, the anisotropy of the graphite powder that influences the heat dissipation characteristics, which is a feature of the present invention, decreases, the contact probability between the graphite powders decreases, and the heat dissipation characteristics deteriorate. Tend.
- the bulk density is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 g / cm 3 .
- the blending amount of the anisotropic graphite powder in the heat dissipation sheet is preferably 20 to 60% by mass with respect to the entire blending amount. When the amount is less than 20% by mass, the heat dissipation effect is not obtained so much. When the amount exceeds 60% by mass, the sheet tends to be hard.
- ⁇ Other components of the heat dissipation sheet of the present invention examples include flame retardants. Although there is no restriction
- a general halogenated compound can be used, but in view of the balance of the sheet characteristics, a phosphate ester flame retardant is preferable.
- a phosphate ester flame retardant is preferable.
- trimethyl phosphate triethyl phosphate aliphatic phosphate ester, triphenyl phosphate, and the like.
- Aromatic phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate, and aromatic condensed phosphate esters such as bisphenol A bis (diphenyl phosphate), which can be used alone or in combination.
- phosphoric acid esters that can be used in the present invention include aromatic condensed phosphoric acid esters (CR-741 of Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- the amount of the flame retardant used is preferably in the range of 5 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder component of the heat dissipation sheet, and also varies depending on the amount of anisotropic graphite powder used, and is arbitrarily determined.
- the amount used is 5 parts by mass or less, the target flame retardancy is difficult to obtain, and when it exceeds 50 parts by mass, the plastic effect is greatly reflected, and the flexibility of the obtained heat-dissipating sheet is drastically reduced.
- the manufacturing method of the heat-radiation sheet of this invention includes the following process. (A) mixing the anisotropic graphite powder and the binder component to obtain a composition, and producing a primary sheet; (B) Laminating or winding the primary sheet to obtain a molded body, (C) A step of slicing the molded body to obtain a heat dissipation sheet.
- the binder component, anisotropic graphite powder and other components are mixed to obtain a composition.
- a method that allows the components to be mixed uniformly in a short time without variation is preferred.
- the mixing conditions are arbitrarily determined depending on the molecular weight of the binder component to be used, the blending amount of the anisotropic graphite powder, and the like.
- the order of adding each component to a general kneader is as follows.
- the solid component When a polymer solid component and a low-molecular liquid component are used as the binder component, the solid component is first charged into the kneader, and then the liquid component in a kneaded state. Are mixed and mixed little by little. This is effective in obtaining a uniform binder component.
- thermosetting rubber curing agent when the viscosity of the composition is high, frictional heat is generated during mixing, and there is a concern about the crosslinking reaction between (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent and (B) thermosetting rubber component, It is preferable that (C) the thermosetting rubber curing agent is put into the kneader about 10 to 20 minutes before. Judgment whether the mixing of the composition with the kneader is uniform (including the reaction of the (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent) is performed by measuring the viscosity of the composition with a Curast meter or Mooney viscometer.
- the target viscosity at this time is preferably a viscosity value of the heat-dissipating sheet composition having a desired physical property value by conducting preliminary studies (changing the mixing temperature and time, etc.) in various blending systems.
- the viscosity of the composition is hardly affected by the curing reaction, and is due to the mixed state of the anisotropic graphite powder and the binder component.
- a small amount of an organic solvent can be added to improve the mixing property. However, it is finally necessary to remove the used solvent.
- the composition is rolled, press-molded, extruded or coated to produce a primary sheet in which the anisotropic graphite powder is oriented in a direction substantially parallel to the main surface. This is preferable because the anisotropic graphite powder can be surely oriented.
- the state in which the anisotropic graphite powder is oriented in a substantially parallel direction with respect to the main surface of the sheet refers to a state in which the anisotropic graphite powder is oriented so as to lie on the main surface of the sheet.
- the orientation of the anisotropic graphite powder in the sheet plane is controlled by adjusting the direction in which the composition flows when the composition is molded. Since the anisotropic graphite powder is basically particles having anisotropy, the orientation of the anisotropic graphite powder is usually aligned by rolling, pressing, extrusion, or coating the composition. Arranged.
- the primary sheet is laminated or wound to obtain a molded body.
- a primary sheet There is no restriction
- laminating the orientation of the anisotropic graphite powder in the sheet plane is aligned.
- the shape of the primary sheet when laminating is not particularly limited. For example, when a rectangular primary sheet is laminated, a prismatic shaped body is obtained, and when a circular primary sheet is laminated, a cylindrical shaped body is obtained. Is obtained.
- the method for winding the primary sheet is not particularly limited, and the primary sheet may be wound around the orientation direction of the graphite particles (A).
- the shape of the winding is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape.
- the pressure when laminating the primary sheet and the pulling force when winding are required because the slice surface is crushed for the convenience of slicing at an angle of 45 to 80 degrees with respect to the normal line coming out from the primary sheet surface in the subsequent process. It is adjusted so that it is weak enough not to be less than the area and strong enough to adhere well between the sheets.
- this adjustment can provide sufficient adhesion between the laminated or wound surfaces. However, if it is insufficient, apply a solvent or adhesive on the primary sheet and then laminate or wind the molded product. May be obtained.
- the interface peeling of the primary sheet is concerned about the stress generated by the slicing conditions, the molded body is heat-treated, and after partially and completely curing the primary sheet interface, the molded body is obtained and then sliced. it can. In this case, it is effective to sandwich the formed body between vertically heated metal plates and apply pressure to such an extent that the formed body does not deform.
- the heat-radiation sheet obtained by slicing the molded body after heat treatment (curing) does not require heat treatment in a subsequent process.
- the molded body is sliced to obtain a heat dissipation sheet.
- a heat radiation sheet having a predetermined thickness is obtained by slicing at an angle of 45 to 80 degrees, preferably an angle of 55 to 70 degrees with respect to the normal line emerging from the primary sheet surface.
- the molded body is a laminated body, it may be sliced (at the above angle) so as to be perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the lamination direction of the primary sheet.
- the molded body when the molded body is a wound body, it may be sliced (at the above angle) so as to be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the winding axis.
- the molded body may be sliced like a wig within the above angle range.
- the slicing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a multi-blade method, a laser processing method, a water jet method, a knife processing method, etc., but considering the thickness accuracy of the heat-dissipating sheet and the smoothness of the cut surface, the knife processing method Is preferred.
- the cutting tool for slicing is not particularly limited, but is a slice member having a canna-like portion having a smooth board surface having a slit and a blade protruding from the slit, and the blade is If the protrusion length from the slit part is adjustable according to the desired thickness of the heat dissipation sheet, it is difficult to disturb the cracks in the binder component and the orientation of the graphite powder near the surface of the heat dissipation sheet to be obtained. And it is preferable because a sheet having a desired thickness can be easily produced.
- a plane or slicer with a sharp blade as the slice member.
- These blades can be easily set to a desired thickness by making the length of protrusion from the slit portion adjustable according to the desired thickness of the heat dissipation sheet.
- the slicing temperature is determined by the Tg (glass transition temperature) of the thermoplastic rubber component to be used (A) and the blending amount and particle size of the anisotropic graphite powder to be used.
- a range of ⁇ + 50 ° C. is preferred.
- the slicing temperature is ⁇ 50 ° C. or lower, the molded product becomes hard and brittle, and the heat dissipation sheet obtained immediately after slicing tends to be easily broken.
- the slice thickness of the molded body is arbitrarily determined depending on the application, but is preferably about 0.1 to 5 mm. When it is 0.1 mm or less, handling becomes difficult, and when it is 5 mm or more, the heat dissipation characteristics tend to be lowered.
- the slice width of a molded object becomes the thickness of the heat-radiation sheet of this invention, and a slice surface turns into a contact surface with the heat generating body and heat radiator in a heat-radiation sheet.
- the heat dissipating device of the present invention is obtained by interposing the heat dissipating sheet of the present invention between the heat generating body and the heat dissipating body, and it is preferable that the use temperature does not exceed 200 ° C.
- the use temperature does not exceed 200 ° C.
- a suitable temperature to be used is in the range of ⁇ 20 to 150 ° C., and a semiconductor package, a display, an LED, an electric lamp and the like are examples of suitable heating elements.
- a heat sink for example, a heat sink using aluminum, copper fins, plates, etc., an aluminum or copper block connected to a heat pipe, an aluminum or copper that circulates cooling liquid with a pump inside
- a typical example is a block, a Peltier element, and an aluminum or copper block having the same.
- the heat dissipating device of the present invention is established by bringing each surface of the heat dissipating sheet of the present invention into contact with the heat generating body and the heat dissipating body.
- the contact method there is no limitation on the contact method as long as the heating element, the heat dissipation sheet, and the heat dissipation element can be fixed in a sufficiently adhered state, but from the viewpoint of maintaining the adhesion, a method of screwing through a spring, a clip A contact method in which the pressing force is sustained, such as a sandwiching method, is preferable.
- Example 1 Production of anisotropic graphite powder (crushed powder of expanded graphite molded sheet) Expanded graphite molded sheet (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Carbofit HGP-105) is pulverized by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd. ), Product name: Rotoplex), and the obtained pulverized powder is classified by a vibrating sieve, and anisotropic graphite powder (expanded) having a particle size distribution of 500 to 1000 ⁇ m and a bulk density of 0.2 g / cm 3. 2 kg of graphite sheet pulverized powder) was produced. The shape of the obtained anisotropic graphite powder was observed with an SEM photograph and confirmed to be dendritic.
- liquid carboxyl group-modified NBR manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd., trade name: Nipol DN601, weight average molecular weight: 68,000, carboxyl group concentration: 0.75 (KOHmg / g)
- a phosphoric acid ester trade name: CR-741 (viscosity: 2400 mpa ⁇ s (40 ° C.)) manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Mixed once / 5 minutes) The mixture was mixed.
- thermosetting rubber curing agent an epoxy group-containing compound (manufactured by Shell Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Epicoat 828 (hereinafter, (Abbreviated as “Ep828”), number average molecular weight: 380, bifunctional, epoxy group number (equivalent): 190 (liquid)) 11 g (10% by mass of NBR use mass) and mixed for 10 minutes, composition It was a thing.
- Ep828 an epoxy group-containing compound
- thermosetting rubber component 100 parts by mass of the binder component (total amount of (A) thermoplastic rubber component and (B) thermosetting rubber component) of the obtained composition, (A) 65.7 mass of acrylic rubber as the thermoplastic rubber component was present. Part, (B) NBR as the thermosetting rubber component is 34.3 parts by mass.
- the amount of anisotropic graphite powder that is a heat dissipation material is 51.8% by mass of the total amount.
- the viscosity of the mixture is (60 ° C.) 27, (80 ° C.) 20, (100 ° C.) 15 according to the value of Mooney viscometer (trade name: VR-1130, manufactured by Ueshima Seisakusho Co., Ltd.).
- Mooney viscometer trade name: VR-1130, manufactured by Ueshima Seisakusho Co., Ltd.
- the primary sheet used for a molded object was obtained as follows. First, 50 g of the composition prepared in the above (2) was sandwiched between 0.1 mm-thick PET films subjected to a release treatment, and processed into a sheet having a thickness of about 3 mm using a normal temperature press. The obtained processed sheet was passed through a roll (gap 1.2 mm) heated to 80 ° C. to obtain a primary sheet having a thickness of 1 mm after cooling. The density of this primary sheet was 1.4 g / cm 3 .
- the method for confirming the cross-linking density is as follows: One heat-dissipating sheet sliced in 50 ml of butyl acetate (reagent grade 1, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is immersed at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 24 hours, taken out, and then dehydrated to 90 degrees. Using the reduced pressure drier, the sample was dried in a vacuum state for 2 hours, the mass was measured, and the mass before dissolution in butyl acetate was defined as 100, and the insoluble mass in butyl acetate was calculated.
- the cross section of the heat radiating sheet is observed using an SEM (scanning electron microscope), and the angle of the long axis of the anisotropic graphite powder with respect to the surface of the heat radiating sheet from the direction seen for any 50 anisotropic graphite powders When the average value was measured, it was 90 degrees, and it was confirmed that the anisotropic graphite powder was oriented in the thickness direction of the heat-dissipating sheet.
- A As thermoplastic rubber component, HTR-811DR is 160.5 g
- the Mooney viscosity of the composition at 80 ° C. was 23.
- Slicing of molded body The same method as in (4) of Example 1 was performed to obtain a heat dissipation sheet.
- the Mooney viscosity at 80 ° C. of the composition was 35.
- Slicing of molded body The same method as in (4) of Example 1 was performed to obtain a heat dissipation sheet.
- Example 1 (1) Preparation of anisotropic graphite powder (crushed powder of expanded graphite molded sheet) The same one as in Example 1 (1) was used.
- (2) Preparation of composition and preparation of primary sheet (B) No use of thermosetting rubber component and (C) thermosetting rubber curing agent, (A) 332 g of HTR-811DR as a thermoplastic rubber component, A primary sheet was prepared by preparing a mixture by the same composition and method as (2) of Example 1 except that it was used alone as a binder component. The Mooney viscosity at 80 ° C. of the composition was 25. (3) Lamination
- Example 2 (1) Preparation of anisotropic graphite powder (crushed powder of expanded graphite molded sheet) The same one as in Example 1 (1) was used.
- (2) Production of composition and production of primary sheet (A) No thermoplastic rubber component is used, (B) 241.4 g of Nippon 1072 and 90.64 g of Nippon DN601 (crosslinked rubber) as thermosetting rubber components A composition was prepared by the same composition and method as (2) of Example 1 except that it was used alone, and a primary sheet was prepared. The Mooney viscosity at 80 ° C. of the composition was 35. (3) Lamination
- a test sheet was prepared by making the obtained heat-dissipating sheet 3 cm ⁇ 3 cm, using two aluminum flat plates (width 3 cm ⁇ thickness 2.0 mm ⁇ length 100 mm), one side being the top of the aluminum plate and one side being the lower part of the other After fixing with a clip and heat-treating under conditions of 150 ° C./60 minutes, after cooling, it was used as a test piece, a tensile test was performed using an autograph, and the value where the value suddenly decreased was taken as the value. (Measured at room temperature 23 ° C)
- a test sheet was prepared by setting the obtained heat dissipation sheet to 20 mm ⁇ 40 mm, and the longitudinal direction of the test sheet (rotated 90 degrees with respect to the laminated surface) was subjected to a tensile test with an autograph to obtain a value at which the sheet was broken. (Measured at room temperature 23 ° C) (Lamination direction) A test sheet was prepared by setting the obtained heat dissipation sheet to 20 mm ⁇ 40 mm, and the lamination direction of the test sheet was measured by the same method as described above to obtain a value.
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Abstract
Description
上記の様な背景の中、PC内部で発生する熱量も従来のPCに比べ大きなものとなり、操作中のトラブル(誤作動、操作不能)等の問題を引き起こしている。
上記グリース型放熱材料の作業性改良材料として、柔軟性を有し表面タック(ベタ付きによる接着機能)のある物性が安定した放熱シートが注目されている。
柔軟性を有した放熱金属材料として、インジウムをシート化したものも使用されているが、高コストのため一部の使用に留まっている。
これに対し、特許文献6には、成型体中の黒鉛粉末の結晶構造におけるc軸が、放熱方向に対して直交方法に配向されている放熱性成形体及びその製造方法が開示されている。
すなわち、本発明は以下の通りである。
(2)前記一定方向の配向が、放熱シート厚み方向に配向していることを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の放熱シート。
(4)前記(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分が、カルボキシル基、水酸基若しくはアミノ基で変性された変性合成ゴムである上記(1)~(3)のいずれか一つに記載の放熱シート。
(6)前記(C)熱硬化性ゴム硬化剤が、エポキシ基含有化合物である上記(1)~(5)のいずれか一つに記載の放熱シート。
(7)燐酸エステルをさらに有する上記(1)~(6)のいずれか一つに記載の放熱シート。
(9)前記異方性黒鉛粉の平均粒径が50~2000μmの範囲であり、かさ密度が0.1~1.5g/cm3の範囲である上記(1)~(8)のいずれか一つに記載の放熱シート。
前記一次シートを積層して成形体を得、
前記成形体を一次シート面から出る法線に対し45~80度の角度でスライスして得られた上記(1)~(9)のいずれか一つに記載の放熱シート。
前記一次シートを、前記黒鉛粉の配向方向を軸にして捲回し成形体を得、
前記成形体を一次シート面から出る法線に対し45~80度の角度でスライスして得られた上記(1)~(9)のいずれか一つに記載の放熱シート。
(12)上記(1)~(11)のいずれか一つに記載の放熱シートを他の部材と組み合わせた放熱装置。
一方、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分(及び(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤)だけをバインダ成分として用いると、タック性や柔軟性が低下する問題がある。
本発明においては、バインダ成分として、(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分と(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分を併用することにより、両者の利点を取り入れることができる。
まず、本発明で用いられる各成分について説明する。
本発明で使用される(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分は、放熱シートの使用温度により分子鎖の運動が大きく変化する成分となる。これにより、柔軟性(部材のとの密着性)及びタック性(部材との接着性)に優れた放熱シートとすることができる。
上記に例示される(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分は、単独及び混合して使用できる。
本発明において「熱硬化性ゴム成分」とは、硬化前の成分であり、(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤と熱処理することにより、硬化した組成となる。
本発明において、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分は、(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤と架橋することにより、放熱シートの使用温度によっても分子鎖運動の変化が少ない成分となり、取扱い性の向上(強度向上)及びPC内部の温度変化によるシート性状を維持でき(耐熱性向上)、急激な使用環境高温変化においても安定した放熱特性を得ることができる。
(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分としての、水酸基を有した変性合成ゴムと、(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤として、イソシアネート(NCO)化合物の反応系も考えられるが、水分とも瞬時に反応するイソシアネート化合物は取扱い性、及び、反応のコントロールが難しいため好ましくない。
本発明で使用する(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤に特に制限は無いが、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分が有する、カルボキシル基、水酸基、アミノ基等の官能基と容易に反応し、安定した物性を有する材料が好ましい。
配合量が30質量部を超えると、架橋に寄与しないエポキシ基含有化合物が増加することになり、耐熱性やシート特性が低下する傾向がある。
また必要に応じて、イソシアネート又はアミン化合物等の硬化促進剤が使用される。
(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤と(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分の架橋により得られる架橋密度は熱処理条件により、任意に設定できる。
本発明シートに使用する放熱材料として機能する異方性黒鉛粉としては、膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉であることが好ましく、薄片針枝状又は樹枝状の形状を有することが好ましい。
膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉の製法は、例えば、下記の工程よりなる。
(1)膨張黒鉛の作製、
(2)膨張黒鉛を使用し、膨張黒鉛成型シートを作製、
(3)膨張黒鉛成型シートを粉砕、
(4)分級して異方性黒鉛粉とする。
本発明の放熱シートで使用されるその他の成分としては、難燃剤等が挙げられる。難燃剤としては、特に制限はないが、放熱シートのバインダ成分の一部として機能するため、バインダ成分との相溶性や耐熱性及び得られる放熱シートの物性を配慮して選択する必要がある。
本発明で使用できる燐酸エステルとしては、芳香族縮合燐酸エステル(大八化学工業(株)のCR-741)等が挙げられる。
本発明の放熱シートの製造方法は、下記の工程を含む。
(a)前記異方性黒鉛粉と前記バインダ成分とを混合して組成物を得、一次シートを作製する工程、
(b)前記一次シートを積層又は捲回して成形体を得る工程、
(c)前記成形体をスライスして放熱シートを得る工程。
なお、ここで組成物の粘度とは、硬化反応による影響はほとんどなく、異方性黒鉛粉とバインダ成分との混合状態によるものである。
また、必要に応じて有機溶剤を少量添加して、混合性の向上を図ることもできるが、最終的には使用した溶媒の除去が必要となる。
前記異方性黒鉛粉は、基本的に異方性を有する粒子であるため、組成物を圧延成形、プレス成形、押し出し成形又は塗工することにより、通常、異方性黒鉛粉の向きは揃って配置される。
積層する際は、シート面内での異方性黒鉛粉の向きを揃えて積層する。積層する際の一次シートの形状は、特に制限はなく、例えば矩形状の一次シートを積層した場合は角柱状の成形体が得られ、円形状の一次シートを積層した場合は円柱状の成形体が得られる。
前記成形体が積層体である場合は、一次シートの積層方向とは垂直又はほぼ垂直となるように(上記角度で)スライスすれば良い。
また、前記成形体が捲回体である場合は、捲回の軸に対して垂直もしくはほぼ垂直となるように(上記角度で)スライスすればよい。
さらに、円形状の一次シートを積層した円柱状の成形体の場合は、上記角度の範囲内でかつら剥きのようにスライスしても良い。
スライスする際の切断具は、特に制限はないが、スリットを有する平滑な盤面と、該スリット部より突出した刃部と、を有するカンナ様の部位を有するスライス部材であって、前記刃部が、放熱シートの所望の厚みに応じて、前記スリット部からの突出長さが調節可能であるものを使用すると、得られる放熱シートの表面近傍のバインダ成分の亀裂及び黒鉛粉の配向を乱し難く、かつ所望の厚みの薄いシートも作製し易いので好ましい。
また、スライス温度が-50℃以下の場合、成形体が固く脆くなり、スライス直後に得られた放熱シートが割れ易くなる傾向がある。
本発明の放熱装置は、本発明の放熱シートを発熱体と放熱体の間に介在させて得られるものであり、使用温度が200℃を超えないものが好ましい。使用温度が200℃を超えると、バインダ成分の柔軟性が急激に低下し、放熱特性が低下する。使用する好適な温度は、-20~150℃の範囲であり、半導体パッケージ、ディスプレイ、LED、電灯等が好適な発熱体の例として挙げられる。
(実施例1)
(1)異方性黒鉛粉(膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉)の作製
膨張黒鉛成型シート(日立化成工業(株)製、商品名:カーボフィットHGP-105)を粉砕機(細川ミクロン社(株)製、商品名:ロートプレツクス)で粉砕し、得られた粉砕粉を振動篩にて分級し、粒度分布500~1000μmで、かさ密度0.2g/cm3の異方性黒鉛粉(膨張黒鉛シート粉砕粉)を2kg作製した。
得られた異方性黒鉛粉の形状は、SEM写真で観察し、樹枝状であることを確認した。
容量1Lの加圧治具を備えたニーダ(吉田製作所(株)製、商品名:1100-S-1)を80℃に昇温(バレル温度)し、(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分としてのアクリルゴム(ナガセケムテックス(株)製、商品名:HTR-811DR、重量平均分子量:50万:タック性大)211gと、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分としての、常温で固体の固形カルボキシル基変性NBR(日本ゼオン(株)製、商品名:Nippol 1072、重量平均分子量:25万、カルボキシル基濃度:0.75(KOHmg/g))80g、及び上記(1)で作製した異方性黒鉛粉200gを投入し、10分間混合した。
上記(2)で作製した一次シートを、ロール方向に合わせ50mm×250mmサイズに切断したもの50枚を作製し、前記切断シートを寸法どおり均一に積層し成形体を得た。
成形体の上下に離型紙を充て、盤面を120℃の加熱したハンドプレスに乗せ、積層体の両側に厚み調整材として、厚み4.5mmの金属板を設置し、プレスを30分行い、その後150℃/1時間で熱処理し、スライス用成形体を作製した。
上記(3)で作製した成形体を、スライス機(食肉ブロックをハム状にスライスする)を応用した自家製のスライス機械を使用し、前記成形体を装置に固定し、成形体表面温度を-10℃に冷却した後に、定盤に固定した単刃により、成形体スライド速さ60mm/分で切削角度30°の条件でスライスし、厚み0.25mmの放熱シートを作製した。
なお、実施例1で得られた放熱シートは、上記工程(3)において硬化を行っており、架橋密度は、95%である。
(1)異方性黒鉛粉(膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉)の作製
実施例1の(1)と同じものを使用した。
(2)組成物の作製及び一次シートの作製
(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分として、HTR-811DRを160.5gとし、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分として、Nippol 1072を116.7g及びNippol DN601を43.8gとし((A)熱可塑性ゴム成分/(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分=50/50(質量部))、及び(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤としてEp828を16gにした以外は実施例1の(2)と同配合及び同方法で組成物を作製し、一次シートも作製した。組成物の80℃でのムーニー粘度は23であった。
(3)一次独シートの積層
実施例1の(3)と同様の方法で一次シートを積層し、成形体を得た。
(4)成形体のスライス
実施例1の(4)と同様の方法で行い、放熱シートを得た。
(1)異方性黒鉛粉(膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉)の作製
実施例1の(1)と同じものを使用した。
(2)組成物の作製及び一次シートの作製
(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分として、HTR-811DRを110gとし、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分として、Nippol 1072を153.6g及びNippol DN601を57.4gとし((A)熱可塑性ゴム成分/(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分=50/50(質量部))、及び(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤としてEp828を21.1gにした以外は、実施例1の(3)と同配合及び同方法で組成物を作製し、一次シートも作製した。組成物の80℃のムーニー粘度は35であった。
(3)一次シートの積層
実施例1の(3)と同様の方法で一次シートを積層し、成形体を得た。
(4)成形体のスライス
実施例1の(4)と同様の方法で行い、放熱シートを得た。
(1)異方性黒鉛粉(膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉)の作製
実施例1の(1)と同じものを使用した。
(2)組成物の作製及び一次シートの作製
(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分及び(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤を使用せず、(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分として、HTR-811DRを332g、単独でバインダ成分として用いた以外は、実施例1の(2)と同様の配合及び方法で混合物を作製し、一次シートを作製した。組成物の80℃のムーニー粘度は25であった。
(3)一次シートの積層
実施例1の(3)と同様の方法で一次シートを積層し、成形体を得た。
(4)成形体のスライス
実施例1の(4)と同様の方法で行い、放熱シートを得た。
(1)異方性黒鉛粉(膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉)の作製
実施例1の(1)と同じものを使用した。
(2)組成物の作製及び一次シートの作製
(A)熱可塑性ゴム成分を使用せず、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分として、Nippol 1072を241.4g及びNippol DN601を90.64g(架橋ゴム単独)とした以外は、実施例1の(2)と同様の配合及び方法で組成物を作製し、一次シートを作製した。組成物の80℃のムーニー粘度は35であった。
(3)一次シートの積層
実施例1の(3)と同様の方法で一次シートを積層し、成形体を得た。
(4)成形体のスライス
実施例1の(4)と同様の方法で行い、放熱シートを得た。
上記実施例1~3及び比較例1、2得られた、放熱シートについて、下記のとおりにシート特性を評価した。その結果を表1に示す。また、放熱特性に関しては、シートの熱抵抗の測定値とした。
[試験方法]
(シート密度)
シート厚み(高精度タイトゲージ)、寸法(高精度ノギス)、質量(化学天秤)を測定し、質量/体積で算出した。
金属鏡板を使用し、得られた放熱シートを10mm×100mmとして試験シートを作製し、鏡板に空気層ができないように貼り付け、シート上部にクリップを取り付けたバネ秤にセットし、一定の速度でシートを引き剥がし、バネ秤の最大の値とした。(室温23℃で測定)
得られた放熱シートを数枚重ね厚み10mmとし、縦20mm×横20mmとして試験シートを作製し、硬度計(アスカ-C)の針部をシートに押し付け、ゲージの値とした。(室温23℃で測定)
得られた放熱シートを3cm×3cmとして試験シートを作製し、アルミ平板(巾3cm×厚み2.0mm×長さ100mm)2枚を使用し、片面をアルミ平板上部に片面をもう1枚の下部に挟み、クリップで固定後150℃/60分の条件で熱処理し、冷却後試験片とし、オートグラフを用いて引張り試験を行い、急激に値が低下したところを値とした。(室温23℃で測定)
得られた放熱シートを20mm×40mm及び20mm×30mmの試験シートを各2枚作製し、JASO M303-95(自動車規格:非金属ガスケット材:自動車技術会発行(1995年))のP9~P10記載の測定治具及び測定法を応用し、加熱前のボルト伸びを0.018mmとし、150℃/1時間熱処理し、冷却後のボルト伸びから式(1)によって応力緩和を求めた。
(長手方向)
得られた放熱シートを20mm×40mmとして試験シートを作製し、試験シートの長手方向(積層面に対し90度回転)を、オートグラフにて引張り試験を行い、シートが破断した値とした。(室温23℃で測定)
(積層方向)
得られた放熱シートを20mm×40mmとして試験シートを作製し、試験シートの積層方向を前記と同様の方法で測定し値とした。
(熱抵抗(℃・cm2/W))
得られた放熱シートを縦1cm×横1.5cmとして試験シートを作製し、トランジスタ(2SC2233)とアルミニウム放熱ブロックとの間に挟み、0.5MPaの圧力でトランジスタを加圧し電流を通じた。トランジスタの温度:T1(℃)と、放熱ブロックの温度:T2(℃)を測定し、測定値と印可電力:W1(W)から、次式(2)によって熱抵抗:X(℃/W)を算出した。
X=(T1-T2)/W1 式(2)
Tc=C×d/X 式(3)
UL規格に準じ測定した。
Claims (12)
- (A)熱可塑性ゴム成分と、(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分と、該(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分に架橋可能な(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤とを含むバインダ成分に、異方性黒鉛粉が一定方向に配向されていることを特徴とする放熱シート。
- 前記一定方向の配向が、放熱シート厚み方向に配向していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の放熱シート。
- 前記(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分と前記(C)熱硬化型ゴム硬化剤との架橋密度が調整されている請求項1又は2に記載の放熱シート。
- 前記(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分が、カルボキシル基、水酸基若しくはアミノ基で変性された変性合成ゴムである請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シート。
- 前記(B)熱硬化性ゴム成分として、常温で固体である固形カルボキシル基変性合成ゴムと、常温で液体である液状カルボキシル基変性合成ゴムとを用いることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の放熱シート。
- 前記(C)熱硬化性ゴム硬化剤が、エポキシ基含有化合物である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シート。
- 燐酸エステルをさらに有する請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シート。
- 前記異方性黒鉛粉が、膨張黒鉛成型シートの粉砕粉であり、薄片針枝状又は樹枝状の形状を有し、前記異方性黒鉛粉がシート厚み方向に配向した請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シート。
- 前記異方性黒鉛粉の平均粒径が50~2000μmの範囲であり、かさ密度が0.1~1.5g/cm3の範囲である請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シート。
- 前記異方性黒鉛粉と、前記バインダ成分とを含有した組成物を、前記組成物中の異方性黒鉛粉が主たる面に対してほぼ平行な方向に配向して一次シートを作製し、
前記一次シートを積層して成形体を得、
前記成形体を一次シート面から出る法線に対し45~80度の角度でスライスして得られた請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シート。 - 前記異方性黒鉛粉と、前記バインダ成分とを含有した組成物を、前記組成物中の黒鉛粉が主たる面に対してほぼ平行な方向に配向して一次シートを作製し、
前記一次シートを、前記黒鉛粉の配向方向を軸にして捲回し成形体を得、
前記成形体を一次シート面から出る法線に対し45~80度の角度でスライスして得られた請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シート。 - 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の放熱シートを他の部材と組み合わせた放熱装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2291066B1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
KR101550083B1 (ko) | 2015-09-03 |
TW201012912A (en) | 2010-04-01 |
US10125237B2 (en) | 2018-11-13 |
EP2291066A4 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
KR20110028579A (ko) | 2011-03-21 |
IL209381A0 (en) | 2011-01-31 |
CN102037798A (zh) | 2011-04-27 |
JPWO2009142290A1 (ja) | 2011-09-29 |
IL209381A (en) | 2015-02-26 |
CN103396642A (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
TWI507516B (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
EP2291066A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
US20110061852A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
JP4743344B2 (ja) | 2011-08-10 |
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