WO2009113272A1 - 金型の加工方法および製造方法 - Google Patents
金型の加工方法および製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009113272A1 WO2009113272A1 PCT/JP2009/000968 JP2009000968W WO2009113272A1 WO 2009113272 A1 WO2009113272 A1 WO 2009113272A1 JP 2009000968 W JP2009000968 W JP 2009000968W WO 2009113272 A1 WO2009113272 A1 WO 2009113272A1
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- Prior art keywords
- mold
- photoresist layer
- product
- forming surface
- forming
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
- B29C33/3857—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/42—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
- B29C33/424—Moulding surfaces provided with means for marking or patterning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/263—Moulds with mould wall parts provided with fine grooves or impressions, e.g. for record discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
- B29L2011/0016—Lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mold processing method and a manufacturing method in which fine concave portions are formed.
- Optical plastic lenses are manufactured with high productivity by injecting resin into a mold.
- the surface reflection of the optical plastic lens is as large as several percent, and in order to avoid this, an antireflection effect has been obtained by forming an optical thin film by vacuum film formation.
- this method using vacuum film formation has a problem that it takes time because the lens is turned over and film formation on the back surface is performed after film formation on the lens surface is completed.
- the width of the concave portion that can be formed by electric discharge machining or the like as in Patent Document 1 is limited to several ⁇ m, and a fine concave portion of 1 ⁇ m or less (for example, submicron order) cannot be formed on the product forming surface of the mold. There was a problem.
- a mold processing method includes a photoresist forming step of forming a photoresist layer having a curved surface and capable of changing a heat mode shape on a product forming surface formed on the mold.
- a laser beam irradiation step of forming a recess pattern by irradiating the photoresist layer with a laser beam by an exposure apparatus incorporating a semiconductor laser; and an unevenness forming an unevenness on the product forming surface by using the recess pattern And a forming step.
- the irradiated portion (portion slightly smaller than the spot diameter of the laser light) disappears due to the energy of the laser light and becomes fine.
- Recesses are formed in the photoresist layer. Therefore, by using the concave pattern formed by irradiating the photoresist layer with laser light, the concave and convex portions are formed on the product formation surface by, for example, etching. ) Can be formed satisfactorily.
- the wavelength of a semiconductor laser that is usually used is about 405 nm at the shortest, a fine unevenness cannot be formed as compared with a solid-state laser or the like having a shorter wavelength, but a photoresist capable of changing the shape of a heat mode.
- the layer it is possible to form fine irregularities even with a semiconductor laser.
- the direction of the head that emits the laser light is set so that the surface of the photoresist layer on the product formation surface is orthogonal to the optical axis of the laser light.
- a method for controlling the head direction for example, there is a method in which shape information of a workpiece is obtained in advance and the optical axis of the machining laser is controlled accordingly.
- a method for obtaining information a method for grasping a shape as a machine design and a shape detecting means can be used.
- a shape detection means a laser displacement meter or a contact displacement meter can be used.
- the laser displacement meter is preferable because it does not come into contact with the laser displacement meter, and there is no possibility of generating defects such as scratches on the workpiece.
- the system using a laser displacement meter can be obtained almost simultaneously with processing, and real-time control is possible.
- the focal position of the laser beam emitted from the head is surely positioned at a predetermined position in the photoresist layer. Therefore, a favorable concave pattern can be formed in the photoresist layer.
- an unevenness is formed on the product forming surface by forming a metal material on the product forming surface and the outer surface of the photoresist layer and then removing the photoresist layer. It may be formed.
- the mold in the unevenness forming step, is placed in a plating tank, a plating film is grown on the product forming surface, and then the photoresist layer is removed, whereby the unevenness is formed on the product forming surface. It may be formed.
- a fine concavo-convex pattern can be satisfactorily formed on the product forming surface of the mold by the pattern made of the plating film.
- the photoresist layer is removed after etching using the photoresist layer remaining on the product forming surface as a mask, thereby forming unevenness on the product forming surface. Good.
- unevenness may be formed on the product forming surface by continuously forming a metal material on the product forming surface and the outer surface of the photoresist layer. .
- the metal pattern can be satisfactorily formed on the product forming surface by simply forming a metal material continuously on the product forming surface of the mold and the photoresist layer remaining on the product forming surface. Can do. Further, in this method, since it is not necessary to remove the photoresist layer after the metal material is formed, facilities for removing the photoresist layer and the like are not necessary, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- focus servo control for focusing the laser beam at a predetermined position with respect to the photoresist layer may be performed in the laser beam irradiation step.
- the spot diameter of the laser beam irradiated on the surface of the photoresist layer can be made constant, and a uniform recess can be formed.
- the head that emits the laser beam and the mold may be relatively moved along the concave product forming surface.
- the spot diameter of the laser beam irradiated on the surface of the photoresist layer can be made constant, and a uniform recess can be formed.
- the above method is particularly effective when the width of the concave pattern is 1 ⁇ m or less. That is, by using a concave pattern formed by irradiating light to a photoresist layer capable of changing the shape of the heat mode, a width of 1 ⁇ m or less (for example, submicron order), which has been difficult to form conventionally, is used.
- the concave pattern can be formed satisfactorily.
- each of the processing methods described above may be used for a mold manufacturing method. Furthermore, you may manufacture an optical component by injection molding using the metal mold
- fine concave portions can be satisfactorily formed on the product forming surface of the mold by irradiating the photoresist layer capable of changing the shape of the heat mode with laser light.
- FIG. 1 It is a side view which shows the processing apparatus of the metal mold
- sectional drawing which shows the form which forms an uneven
- sectional drawing (a) which shows the state in which the recessed part pattern was formed in the photoresist layer, the outer surface of a photoresist layer, and product formation
- sectional drawing (b) which shows the state which formed the chromium film on the surface
- sectional drawing (c) which shows the state which removed the photoresist layer from the product formation surface.
- sectional drawing which shows the form which forms an uneven
- sectional drawing (a) which shows the state in which the recessed part pattern was formed in the photoresist layer
- sectional drawing which shows the state which etched the product formation surface (B)
- sectional drawing (c) which shows the state which removed the photoresist layer from the product formation surface.
- sectional drawing which shows the form which forms an uneven
- sectional drawing (b) which shows the cross-sectional view (a) and the state which formed the metal material into a film so that the outer surface of a photoresist layer and a product formation surface may be followed.
- It is a side view which shows the form which rotates a rotation apparatus along a product formation surface. It is a side view which shows the form moved up and down by focus servo control, without rocking
- a processing apparatus for forming a concave pattern 13 (see FIG. 2A) on a concave product forming surface 11 (specifically, a photoresist layer 12) formed on a mold 1. 2 will be described.
- a curved (spherical) surface is adopted as the concave product forming surface, but the present invention is not limited to this, and has an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the mating surface of the mold.
- a frustum-shaped surface may be used.
- the processing apparatus 2 includes a rotating device 21 for rotating the mold 1 and an exposure device 22 incorporating a semiconductor laser.
- the rotation device 21 includes a rotation table 21A that supports the mold 1, a support shaft 21B that supports the rotation table 21A, and a drive device 21C that rotates the support shaft 21B.
- the exposure apparatus 22 includes a small head 22A containing a semiconductor laser that emits laser light, a support arm 22B that supports the head 22A, and a lens surface 22D of the head 22A by rotating the support arm 22B. And a drive device 22C that moves along the product formation surface 11 (the surface of the photoresist layer 12).
- the driving device 22C tilts the head 22A so that the optical axis of the laser light emitted from the head 22A and the surface of the processed portion of the photoresist layer 12 irradiated with the laser light intersect substantially perpendicularly.
- the product is moved while being tilted along the product forming surface 11. That is, the head 22A can swing around the center point of the spherical product forming surface 11 so that the extended line of the optical axis of the laser light always passes through the center point of the spherical product forming surface 11. .
- the driving device 22C is movable in the vertical direction so that the head 22A can advance and retreat with respect to the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 (the surface of the photoresist layer 12). Further, the driving device 22C is provided with a control device (not shown) that outputs a signal corresponding to the concave pattern 13 (see FIG. 2A) formed in the photoresist layer 12 to the head 22A.
- the control device is configured to execute focus servo control for focusing the laser beam on a predetermined position with respect to the photoresist layer 12 by moving an optical component (for example, an objective lens) in the head 22A.
- a mold 1 having a spherical product forming surface 11 is manufactured by performing a known casting process and machining of the product forming surface 11. Thereafter, the mold 1 having a fine concavo-convex pattern on the product forming surface 11 is manufactured by carrying out a processing method according to the present invention as described below.
- the lower limit of the radius of curvature of the concave product forming surface 11 is preferably 25 mm or more, 50 mm or more, or 100 mm or more. This is because if the curvature radius of the product forming surface 11 is too small, it is difficult to produce a head 22A having a size that can enter the concave product forming surface 11.
- the upper limit of the radius of curvature of the product forming surface 11 is preferably 2 m or less, 1 m or less, and 0.5 m or less. If the curvature radius of the product forming surface 11 is too large, it will be difficult to maintain the macro shape accuracy of the mold 1 and it will be difficult to maintain good accuracy during exposure scanning.
- a photoresist layer 12 capable of changing the shape of the heat mode is formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 (photoresist forming step).
- the photoresist layer 12 is a layer in which light is converted into heat by irradiation of intense light, and the shape of the material can be changed by this heat to form a recess, so-called heat mode type photoresist material.
- Layer Such a photoresist material is a recording material that has been widely used in recording layers such as optical recording disks, such as cyanine, phthalocyanine, quinone, squarylium, azulenium, thiol complex, merocyanine, and the like. Recording materials can be used.
- the photoresist layer 12 in the present invention is preferably a pigment type containing a pigment as a photoresist material.
- examples of the photoresist material contained in the photoresist layer 12 include organic compounds such as pigments.
- the photoresist material is not limited to an organic material, and an inorganic material or a composite material of an inorganic material and an organic material can be used.
- an organic material it is preferable to employ an organic material because film formation can be easily performed by spin coating or spray coating, and a material having a low transition temperature can be easily obtained.
- organic materials it is preferable to employ a dye whose light absorption can be controlled by molecular design.
- suitable examples of the photoresist layer 12 include methine dyes (cyanine dyes, hemicyanine dyes, styryl dyes, oxonol dyes, merocyanine dyes, etc.), macrocyclic dyes (phthalocyanine dyes, naphthalocyanine dyes, porphyrin dyes, etc.), Examples thereof include azo dyes (including azo metal chelate dyes), arylidene dyes, complex dyes, coumarin dyes, azole derivatives, triazine derivatives, 1-aminobutadiene derivatives, cinnamic acid derivatives, and quinophthalone dyes. Of these, methine dyes, oxonol dyes, macrocyclic dyes, and azo dyes are preferable.
- Such a dye-type photoresist layer 12 preferably contains a dye having absorption in the exposure wavelength region.
- the upper limit of the extinction coefficient k indicating the amount of light absorption is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, further preferably 3 or less, and 1 or less. Most preferred. The reason is that if the extinction coefficient k is too high, light does not reach from the light incident side of the photoresist layer 12 to the opposite side, and uneven holes are formed.
- the lower limit value of the extinction coefficient k is preferably 0.0001 or more, more preferably 0.001 or more, and further preferably 0.1 or more. The reason is that if the extinction coefficient k is too low, the amount of light absorption is reduced, so that a larger laser power is required and the processing speed is reduced.
- the photoresist layer 12 needs to absorb light at the exposure wavelength as described above.
- a dye can be appropriately selected according to the wavelength of the laser light source, or the structure can be modified. it can.
- the oscillation wavelength of the laser light source is around 780 nm
- the oscillation wavelength of the laser light source is around 660 nm, it is advantageous to select from a trimethine cyanine dye, a pentamethine oxonol dye, an azo dye, an azo metal complex dye, a pyromethene complex dye, and the like.
- monomethine cyanine dye when the oscillation wavelength of the laser light source is around 405 nm, monomethine cyanine dye, monomethine oxonol dye, zero methine merocyanine dye, phthalocyanine dye, azo dye, azo metal complex dye, porphyrin dye, arylidene dye, complex It is advantageous to select from dyes, coumarin dyes, azole derivatives, triazine derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, 1-aminobutadiene derivatives, quinophthalone dyes, and the like.
- Examples of preferable compounds for the photoresist layer 12 are shown below when the oscillation wavelength of the laser light source is around 780 nm, around 660 nm, and around 405 nm.
- the compounds (I-1 to I-10) represented by the following chemical formulas 1 and 2 are compounds when the oscillation wavelength of the laser light source is around 780 nm.
- the compounds (II-1 to II-8) represented by the chemical formulas 3 and 4 are compounds when the wavelength is around 660 nm.
- the compounds (III-1 to III-14) represented by the chemical formulas 5 and 6 are compounds when the wavelength is around 405 nm.
- this invention is not limited to the case where these are used for a photoresist material.
- JP-A-4-74690 JP-A-8-127174, JP-A-11-53758, JP-A-11-334204, JP-A-11-334205, JP-A-11-334206,
- the dyes described in JP-A-11-334207, JP-A-2000-43423, JP-A-2000-108513, JP-A-2000-158818, and the like are also preferably used.
- Such a dye-type photoresist layer 12 is prepared by dissolving a dye in a suitable solvent together with a binder or the like to prepare a coating liquid, and then coating the coating liquid on the product forming surface 11 to form a coating film. Can be formed by drying.
- the temperature of the surface on which the coating solution is applied is preferably in the range of 10 to 40 ° C. More preferably, the lower limit is 15 ° C. or higher, more preferably 20 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 23 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit it is more preferable that it is 35 degrees C or less, It is still more preferable that it is 30 degrees C or less, It is especially preferable that it is 27 degrees C or less.
- the photoresist layer 12 may be a single layer or a multilayer. In the case of a multilayer structure, the photoresist layer 12 is formed by performing the coating process a plurality of times.
- the concentration of the dye in the coating solution is generally in the range of 0.01 to 15% by mass, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5% by mass, and most preferably. It is in the range of 0.5 to 3% by mass.
- Examples of the solvent for the coating solution include esters such as butyl acetate, ethyl lactate and cellosolve acetate; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone and methyl isobutyl ketone; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane and chloroform; dimethylformamide and the like Amides; Hydrocarbons such as methylcyclohexane; Ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, ethyl ether and dioxane; Alcohols such as ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol diacetone alcohol; 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol and the like Fluorinated solvents; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether; That.
- esters such
- Fluorine solvents, glycol ethers, and ketones are preferred. Particularly preferred are fluorine type solvents and glycol ethers. More preferred are 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol and propylene glycol monomethyl ether.
- the said solvent can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types in consideration of the solubility of the pigment
- various additives such as an antioxidant, a UV absorber, a plasticizer, and a lubricant may be added according to the purpose.
- the coating method examples include a spray method, a spin coating method, a dip method, a roll coating method, a blade coating method, a doctor roll method, a doctor blade method, and a screen printing method.
- the photoresist layer 12 is preferably dissolved at 0.3 wt% or more and 30 wt% or less, preferably 1 wt% or more and 20 wt% or less with respect to the organic solvent from the viewpoint that it is advantageous for formation by a spin coating method. More preferred. In particular, it is preferable to dissolve in tetrafluoropropanol at 1 wt% or more and 20 wt% or less.
- the photoresist material preferably has a thermal decomposition temperature of 150 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 200 ° C. or higher and 400 ° C. or lower.
- the temperature of the coating solution is preferably in the range of 23 to 50 ° C., more preferably in the range of 24 to 40 ° C., and particularly preferably in the range of 25 to 30 ° C.
- the binder include natural organic polymer materials such as gelatin, cellulose derivatives, dextran, rosin, and rubber; hydrocarbon resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyisobutylene; Vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride / polyvinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resins such as polymethyl acrylate and polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, chlorinated polyethylene, epoxy resin, butyral resin And synthetic organic polymers such as initial condensation products of thermosetting resins such as rubber derivatives and phenol / formaldehyde resins.
- natural organic polymer materials such as gelatin, cellulose derivatives, dextran, rosin, and rubber
- hydrocarbon resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyisobutylene
- Vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl
- the amount of the binder used is generally in the range of 0.01 to 50 times (mass ratio) with respect to the dye, preferably 0.1. It is in the range of double to 5 times (mass ratio).
- the photoresist layer 12 can contain various anti-fading agents in order to improve the light resistance of the photoresist layer 12.
- a singlet oxygen quencher is generally used.
- the singlet oxygen quencher those described in publications such as known patent specifications can be used. Specific examples thereof include JP-A-58-175893, JP-A-59-81194, JP-A-60-18387, JP-A-60-19586, and JP-A-60-19587.
- the amount of the anti-fading agent such as the singlet oxygen quencher used is usually in the range of 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 45% by weight, based on the amount of the dye.
- the range is preferably 3 to 40% by mass, particularly preferably 5 to 25% by mass.
- the photoresist layer 12 can be formed by a film forming method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, or CVD in accordance with the physical properties of the material.
- dye has a light absorption rate higher than the other wavelength in the wavelength of the laser beam used for the process of the recessed part pattern 13 mentioned later.
- the wavelength of the absorption peak of the dye is not necessarily limited to that in the visible light wavelength range, and may be in the ultraviolet range or the infrared range.
- the wavelength ⁇ w of the laser light for forming the concave pattern 13 may be any wavelength that provides a large laser power.
- a dye is used for the photoresist layer 12
- the laser light may be continuous light or pulsed light, but it is preferable to employ laser light whose emission interval can be freely changed.
- the laser cannot be directly on / off modulated, it is preferable to modulate with an external modulation element.
- the laser power is high in order to increase the processing speed.
- the scanning speed the speed at which the photoresist layer 12 is scanned with laser light; for example, the rotational speed of the rotating device 21 described later
- the upper limit value of the laser power is preferably 100 W in consideration of the upper limit value of the scanning speed, more preferably 10 W, still more preferably 5 W, and most preferably 1 W.
- the lower limit of the laser power is preferably 0.1 mW, more preferably 0.5 mW, and even more preferably 1 mW.
- the laser light is preferably light that has excellent transmission wavelength width and coherency and can be narrowed down to a spot size comparable to the wavelength.
- the exposure strategy light pulse irradiation conditions for properly forming the concave pattern 13
- the upper limit of the film thickness of the photoresist layer 12 is desirably 1 ⁇ m or less, more desirably 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and particularly desirably 0.3 ⁇ m or less. Further, the lower limit of the film thickness of the photoresist layer 12 is desirably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, more desirably 0.03 ⁇ m or more, and particularly desirably 0.05 ⁇ m or more.
- the mold 1 is set in the processing apparatus 2 shown in FIG. Thereafter, the mold 1 is rotated, the head 22A is moved along the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 while performing focus servo control, and the photoresist layer 12 is appropriately irradiated with laser light from the head 22A. As shown in FIG. 2B, a concave pattern 13 is formed at an appropriate position of the photoresist layer 12 (laser light irradiation step).
- the photoresist layer 12 when the photoresist layer 12 is irradiated with laser light having a wavelength (wavelength absorbed by the material) that falls within the light absorption wavelength range of the material, the laser light is absorbed by the photoresist layer 12 and absorbed. The light is converted into heat, and the temperature of the light irradiated part rises. This causes the photoresist layer 12 to undergo chemical or / and physical changes such as softening, liquefaction, vaporization, sublimation, and decomposition. Then, the material having such a change moves or / and disappears, and is removed from the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1, thereby forming the concave pattern 13.
- the photoresist layer 12 when the photoresist layer 12 is irradiated with laser light having a wavelength (wavelength absorbed by the material) that falls within the light absorption wavelength range of the material, the laser light is absorbed by the photoresist layer 12 and absorbed. The light is converted into heat, and the temperature
- the heat mode type photoresist layer 12 when the heat mode type photoresist layer 12 is irradiated with laser light, only the portion of the irradiated portion where the temperature becomes the transition temperature changes. That is, since the laser beam has the strongest light intensity near the center and gradually decreases toward the outside, a fine hole (laser spot) having a diameter smaller than the laser beam spot diameter is formed in the photoresist layer 12. It is possible to do.
- the output value of the laser light emitted from the head 22A is appropriately set to such a value that the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 is exposed by the laser light irradiation for a relatively short time. Further, the spot diameter of the laser beam is appropriately set so that the width (half width) of the concave pattern 13 is 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the half-value width means a width at a depth position that is half the depth of the concave pattern 13.
- NE500 wavelength 405 nm, NA 0.85) manufactured by Pulstec Industrial Co., Ltd. can be used as the exposure device 22.
- a method for forming the concave pattern 13 for example, a known pit forming method for a write-once optical disc or a write-once optical disc can be applied. Specifically, for example, by detecting the intensity of the reflected light of the laser that changes depending on the pit size, and correcting the output of the laser so that the intensity of the reflected light is constant, a uniform pit is formed.
- a known running OPC technique for example, paragraph [0012] of Japanese Patent No. 3096239) can be applied.
- the mold 1 is put in a plating tank (not shown), and the plating film 14 is formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 as shown in FIG. Grow. Thereafter, by removing the photoresist layer 12 with a cleaning solution such as ethanol, a concavo-convex pattern 15 of the plating film 14 is formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 as shown in FIG. Process).
- a cleaning solution such as ethanol
- a concavo-convex pattern 15 of the plating film 14 is formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 as shown in FIG. Process.
- the material of the plating film 14 nickel, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, aluminum, titanium, or the like can be used.
- the mold 1 having the fine uneven pattern 15 is manufactured by executing the above-described unevenness forming process on the entire product forming surface 11 of the mold 1.
- corrugation is manufactured by injection molding using the metal mold
- the following effects can be obtained in the present embodiment.
- a fine recess pattern 13 smaller than the spot diameter of the laser beam is formed. It is possible to satisfactorily form fine unevenness (for example, submicron order unevenness) on the surface 11.
- the wavelength of a semiconductor laser that is usually used is about 405 nm at the shortest, a fine unevenness cannot be formed as compared with a solid-state laser or the like having a shorter wavelength, but a photoresist capable of changing the shape of a heat mode.
- the layer it is possible to form fine irregularities even with a semiconductor laser.
- the focal position of the laser beam emitted from the head 22A is surely positioned at a predetermined position in the photoresist layer 12. Therefore, a good recess pattern 13 can be formed in the photoresist layer 12.
- the laser beam is focused at a predetermined position with respect to the photoresist layer 12, so that the spot diameter of the laser beam irradiated on the surface of the photoresist layer 12 can be made constant, and a uniform recess is formed. Can do.
- the head 22A can be swung along the product forming surface 11 so that the optical axis of the laser beam and the surface of the processed portion of the photoresist layer 12 intersect each other substantially perpendicularly, the focus servo control is executed well. At the same time, the concave pattern 13 can be formed satisfactorily.
- this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can utilize with various forms so that it may illustrate below.
- plating treatment is performed to remove the photoresist layer 12, thereby forming a fine uneven pattern on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a fine concavo-convex pattern may be formed on the product formation surface 11 by depositing chromium 3 by vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the mold 1 is placed in a vacuum chamber (not shown), and the pattern shown in FIG. As shown, chromium 3 as an example of a metal material is formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1. Thereafter, the photoresist layer 12 is removed with the cleaning liquid as in the above embodiment, thereby forming a pattern of chromium 3 on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 as shown in FIG. ). Even with this method, a fine uneven pattern can be satisfactorily formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1.
- the metal material used for vapor deposition or sputtering is not limited to chromium 3, but may be nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, or the like.
- a fine uneven pattern may be formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 by etching.
- etching is performed using the photoresist layer 12 remaining on the product formation surface 11 of the mold 1 as a mask.
- a recess 11a is formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1.
- various etching methods such as wet etching, dry etching, and RIE (reactive ion etching) can be employed as the etching.
- the photoresist layer 12 is removed with the cleaning liquid as in the above embodiment, whereby a pattern (recess 11a) by etching is formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 (unevenness). Forming step). Even with this method, a fine uneven pattern can be satisfactorily formed on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1.
- the metal material MM is formed so as to be continuous with the outer surface 12 a of the photoresist layer 12 on which the concave pattern 13 is formed and the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1.
- the concavo-convex pattern can be formed without removing the photoresist layer 12 remaining on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 after vapor deposition or sputtering treatment as shown in FIG. Equipment or the like for removing the resist layer 12 is not necessary, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 shows that the concavo-convex pattern can be formed without removing the photoresist layer 12 remaining on the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 after vapor deposition or sputtering treatment as shown in FIG. Equipment or the like for removing the resist layer 12 is not necessary, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- sputtering is preferably employed to form the metal material MM so as to be continuous with the outer surface 12a of the photoresist layer 12 and the product formation surface 11 of the mold 1.
- FIG. 6 In order to intermittently form a metal material (chromium 3) as described above, it is desirable to employ vacuum deposition. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, it is not necessary to form the concave pattern 13 until the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 is exposed. That is, even if the product forming surface 11 of the mold 1 is covered with the bottom surface of the concave pattern 13, the concave / convex pattern made of the metal material MM can be formed.
- the mold 22 is rotated, and the head 22A is swung along the radial direction of the product forming surface 11 to emit laser light along the concave product forming surface 11.
- the mold 1 is relatively moved, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the rotating device 21 that rotates the mold 1 is rotated around the center point of the product forming surface 11, so that the stationary head 22 ⁇ / b> A is moved along the product forming surface 11. You may move relatively.
- the head 22A is moved while being inclined so that the surface of the photoresist layer 12 on the product forming surface 11 and the optical axis of the laser beam are always orthogonal to each other.
- the present invention is not limited to this. is not.
- the head 22A when the product forming surface 11 is shallow, the head 22A is moved in the radial direction of the product forming surface 11, and the lens surface 22D of the head 22A is moved in the vertical direction by focus servo control.
- the head 22A may be moved along the product forming surface 11.
- the head 22A is tilted so that the surface of the photoresist layer 12 and the optical axis of the laser beam are always orthogonal to each other as in the above-described embodiment, because a good concave pattern 13 can be formed.
- the following example shows the formation result of the recess pattern 13 by the difference in this method.
- a mold 1 similar to that of the above embodiment was prepared.
- the mold 1 was made of a SUS substrate, and a spherical product forming surface 11 having a depth of 0.5 mm and a diameter of 20 mm was formed at the center thereof. Further, a pigment layer (photoresist layer 12) having a thickness of 100 nm was formed on the product forming surface 11, and a recess having a diameter of 300 nm was formed on the pigment layer by laser light. Details of each layer are as follows.
- the refractive index n of the dye material is 1.986, and the extinction coefficient k is 0.0418.
- Fine concave portions were recorded on the photoresist layer 12 with NEO1000 (wavelength 405 nm, NA 0.85) manufactured by Pulstec Industrial Co., Ltd. Further, the head 22A was moved while being tilted by the electric tilt mechanism so that the surface of the photoresist layer 12 and the optical axis of the laser beam were orthogonal to each other.
- the conditions for forming the recess are as follows. Laser power 3mW Line speed 5m / s Recording signal 3 MHz rectangular wave
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Abstract
Description
[関連技術文献]
次に、図2(a)~(b)および図3(a)~(b)を参照しつつ、金型の製造方法について説明する。
まず、図2(a)に示すように、金型1の製品形成面11に、ヒートモードの形状変化が可能なフォトレジスト層12を形成する(フォトレジスト形成工程)。
従って、フォトレジスト層12に含有されるフォトレジスト材料としては、色素等の有機化合物が挙げられる。なお、フォトレジスト材料としては、有機材料に限られず、無機材料または無機材料と有機材料の複合材料を使用できる。ただし、有機材料であると、成膜をスピンコートやスプレー塗布により容易にでき、転移温度が低い材料を得易いため、有機材料を採用するのが好ましい。また、有機材料の中でも、光吸収量が分子設計で制御可能な色素を採用するのが好ましい。
例えば、レーザ光源の発振波長が780nm付近であった場合、ペンタメチンシアニン色素、ヘプタメチンオキソノール色素、ペンタメチンオキソノール色素、フタロシアニン色素、ナフタロシアニン色素などから選択することが有利である。この中でも、フタロシアニン色素またはペンタメチンシアニン色素を用いるのが好ましい。
また、レーザ光源の発振波長が660nm付近であった場合は、トリメチンシアニン色素、ペンタメチンオキソノール色素、アゾ色素、アゾ金属錯体色素、ピロメテン錯体色素などから選択することが有利である。
さらに、レーザ光源の発振波長が405nm付近であった場合は、モノメチンシアニン色素、モノメチンオキソノール色素、ゼロメチンメロシアニン色素、フタロシアニン色素、アゾ色素、アゾ金属錯体色素、ポルフィリン色素、アリリデン色素、錯体色素、クマリン色素、アゾール誘導体、トリアジン誘導体、ベンゾトリアゾール誘導体、1-アミノブタジエン誘導体、キノフタロン系色素などから選択することが有利である。
なお、上記の上限値及び下限値は、それぞれが任意で組み合わせることができる。
ここで、フォトレジスト層12は、単層でも重層でもよく、重層構造の場合、塗布工程を複数回行うことによって形成される。
塗布液中の色素の濃度は、一般に0.01~15質量%の範囲であり、好ましくは0.1~10質量%の範囲、より好ましくは0.5~5質量%の範囲、最も好ましくは0.5~3質量%の範囲である。
上記溶剤は使用する色素の溶解性を考慮して単独で、或いは二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。塗布液中には、更に、酸化防止剤、UV吸収剤、可塑剤、潤滑剤等各種の添加剤を目的に応じて添加してもよい。
フォトレジスト層12は、スピンコート法による形成に有利であるという点から、有機溶媒に対して0.3wt%以上30wt%以下で溶解することが好ましく、1wt%以上20wt%以下で溶解することがより好ましい。特にテトラフルオロプロパノールに1wt%以上20wt%以下で溶解することが好ましい。また、フォトレジスト材料は、熱分解温度が150℃以上500℃以下であることが好ましく、200℃以上400℃以下であることがより好ましい。
塗布の際、塗布液の温度は、23~50℃の範囲であることが好ましく、24~40℃の範囲であることがより好ましく、中でも、25~30℃の範囲であることが特に好ましい。
褪色防止剤としては、一般的に一重項酸素クエンチャーが用いられる。一重項酸素クエンチャーとしては、既に公知の特許明細書等の刊行物に記載のものを利用することができる。
その具体例としては、特開昭58-175693号公報、特開昭59-81194号公報、特開昭60-18387号公報、特開昭60-19586号公報、特開昭60-19587号公報、特開昭60-35054号公報、特開昭60-36190号公報、特開昭60-36191号公報、特開昭60-44554号公報、特開昭60-44555号公報、特開昭60-44389号公報、特開昭60-44390号公報、特開昭60-54892号公報、特開昭60-47069号公報、特開昭63-209995号公報、特開平4-25492号公報、特公平1-38680号公報、及び特公平6-26028号公報等の各公報、ドイツ特許350399号明細書、そして日本化学会誌1992年10月号第1141頁等に記載のものを挙げることができる。前記一重項酸素クエンチャー等の褪色防止剤の使用量は、色素の量に対して、通常0.1~50質量%の範囲であり、好ましくは、0.5~45質量%の範囲、更に好ましくは、3~40質量%の範囲、特に好ましくは5~25質量%の範囲である。
この色素の吸収ピークの波長は、必ずしも可視光の波長域内であるものに限定されず、紫外域や、赤外域にあるものであっても構わない。
ヒートモードの形状変化が可能なフォトレジスト層12にレーザ光を照射することでレーザ光のスポット径よりも小さな微細な凹部パターン13が形成されるので、その後の凹凸形成工程においてメッキ膜によって製品形成面11に微細な凹凸(例えばサブミクロンオーダーの凹凸)を良好に形成することが可能となる。なお、通常用いられる半導体レーザの波長は、最短でも405nm程度なので、これよりも短い波長の固体レーザ等に比べ、微細な凹凸を形成することができないが、ヒートモードの形状変化が可能なフォトレジスト層を用いることで、半導体レーザでも微細な凹凸を形成することが可能となっている。
前記実施形態では、フォトレジスト層12に凹部パターン13を形成した後、メッキ処理して、フォトレジスト層12を除去することで、金型1の製品形成面11に微細な凹凸パターンを形成したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。例えば、図4(a)~(c)に示すように、クロム3を蒸着またはスパッタにより成膜することにより製品形成面11に微細な凹凸パターンを形成してもよい。
各層の詳細は以下の通りである。
材質 SUS
厚さ 0.6mm
外径 120mm
内径 15mm
・色素層(フォトレジスト層)
下記化学式の色素材料2gをTFP(テトラフルオロプロパノール)溶剤100mlに溶解し、スピンコートした。スピンコートの際には、塗布開始回転数500rpm、塗布終了回転数1000rpmとして塗布液を基板の内周部にディスペンスし、徐々に2200rpmまで回転を上げた。なお、色素材料の屈折率nは1.986であり、消衰係数kは0.0418である。
凹部の形成条件は下記の通りである。
レーザ出力 3mW
線速 5m/s
記録信号 3MHzの矩形波
Claims (11)
- 曲面を有し、かつ、金型に形成される製品形成面に、ヒートモードの形状変化が可能なフォトレジスト層を形成するフォトレジスト形成工程と、
半導体レーザを内蔵した露光装置により前記フォトレジスト層にレーザ光を照射することで凹部パターンを形成するレーザ光照射工程と、
前記凹部パターンを利用することで前記製品形成面に凹凸を形成する凹凸形成工程と、を備えたことを特徴とする金型の加工方法。 - 前記レーザ光照射工程において、
前記製品形成面上のフォトレジスト層の表面とレーザ光の光軸とが直交するように、前記レーザ光を出射するヘッドの向きを、前記製品形成面の角度に合わせて変化させることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。 - 前記凹凸形成工程において、
前記製品形成面と前記フォトレジスト層の外表面とに金属材料を成膜させてからフォトレジスト層を除去することで、前記製品形成面に凹凸を形成することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。 - 前記凹凸形成工程において、
前記金型をメッキ槽に入れて、前記製品形成面にメッキ膜を成長させてからフォトレジスト層を除去することで、前記製品形成面に凹凸を形成することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。 - 前記凹凸形成工程において、
前記製品形成面に残ったフォトレジスト層をマスクとしてエッチングを行ってからフォトレジスト層を除去することで、前記製品形成面に凹凸を形成することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。 - 前記凹凸形成工程において、
前記製品形成面と前記フォトレジスト層の外表面とに連続して金属材料を成膜することで、前記製品形成面に凹凸を形成することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。 - 前記レーザ光照射工程において、
前記レーザ光を前記フォトレジスト層に対する所定位置に集束させるフォーカスサーボ制御を行うことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。 - 前記レーザ光照射工程において、
前記凹状の製品形成面に沿って、前記レーザ光を出射するヘッドと金型とを相対的に移動させることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。 - 前記凹部パターンの幅が1μm以下であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の金型の加工方法。
- 請求の範囲第1項~第9項のいずれか1項に記載の加工方法を利用して金型を製造することを特徴とする金型の製造方法。
- 請求の範囲第10項に記載の製造方法により製造された金型を用いて射出成形することで光学部品を製造することを特徴とする光学部品の製造方法。
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- 2009-03-04 CN CN2009801077099A patent/CN101959663A/zh active Pending
- 2009-03-04 WO PCT/JP2009/000968 patent/WO2009113272A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20100135718A (ko) | 2010-12-27 |
EP2263846A4 (en) | 2014-02-26 |
JP2009214380A (ja) | 2009-09-24 |
EP2263846A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
JP4972015B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
TW200946319A (en) | 2009-11-16 |
US20100314785A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
US8574469B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
CN101959663A (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
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