WO2008004687A1 - Catalyseur pour la purification de gaz d'échappement - Google Patents
Catalyseur pour la purification de gaz d'échappement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008004687A1 WO2008004687A1 PCT/JP2007/063625 JP2007063625W WO2008004687A1 WO 2008004687 A1 WO2008004687 A1 WO 2008004687A1 JP 2007063625 W JP2007063625 W JP 2007063625W WO 2008004687 A1 WO2008004687 A1 WO 2008004687A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- complex oxide
- silica
- catalyst
- particles
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- -1 alkylamine compound Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- NNLJGFCRHBKPPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron lanthanum Chemical compound [Fe].[La] NNLJGFCRHBKPPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000238558 Eucarida Species 0.000 description 3
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000593 microemulsion method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonoxybenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 GSGDTSDELPUTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100456282 Caenorhabditis elegans mcm-4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017771 LaFeO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002321 LaFeO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001596784 Pegasus Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L azanide;platinum(2+);dinitrite Chemical compound [NH2-].[NH2-].[Pt+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVWJBBYNBCYSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+) oxygen(2-) yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Y+3].[La+3] JVWJBBYNBCYSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/03—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves not having base-exchange properties
- B01J29/0308—Mesoporous materials not having base exchange properties, e.g. Si-MCM-41
- B01J29/0316—Mesoporous materials not having base exchange properties, e.g. Si-MCM-41 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/0333—Iron group metals or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/30—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group III (IIIA or IIIB) of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/37—Lanthanides
- B01J2523/3706—Lanthanum
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- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- B01J2523/80—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group VIII of the Periodic Table
- B01J2523/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2523/842—Iron
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- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
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- B01J35/617—500-1000 m2/g
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification catalyst, and more particularly to an exhaust gas purification catalyst for purifying exhaust gas from an automobile.
- a typical exhaust gas purification catalyst is a three-way catalyst in which a noble metal such as platinum (P t), rhodium (R h) or palladium (P d) is supported on a porous metal oxide support such as alumina.
- P t platinum
- R h rhodium
- P d palladium
- JP-A-8 2 2 9 4 0 4 discloses, using a catalyst component containing a noble metal, by mixing a catalyst component which is Berobusukai preparative double multiplexer oxide represented by the chemical formula AB_ ⁇ 3 (A is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum La, strontium Sr, cerium Ce, normium Ba, calcium Ca, and combinations thereof; B is cobalt Co , Iron Fe, nickel Ni, chromium Cr, manganese Mn, magnesium Mg, and combinations thereof And O is oxygen).
- A is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum La, strontium Sr, cerium Ce, normium Ba, calcium Ca, and combinations thereof
- B is cobalt Co , Iron Fe, nickel Ni, chromium Cr, manganese Mn, magnesium Mg, and combinations thereof
- O is oxygen
- the perovskite-type composite oxide is a first solution for preparing an aqueous solution in which the metal salt constituting the perovskite-type composite oxide and citrate are dissolved.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-045 003 a porous silica material having only mesopores with a diameter of 1 to 5 nm is used as a support, and at least noble metal is contained in the mesopores.
- the noble metal supported in the mesopores is difficult to move. It is said that it will be suppressed.
- 2 00 0-2 45 1 6 discloses an exhaust gas purifying catalyst in which a noble metal is supported on a support made of a silica porous material having mesopores of 4 nm or less.
- a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas is proposed in which a precious metal such as platinum and a metal oxide having an oxygen storage / release capability such as ceria are supported.
- such an exhaust gas purification catalyst includes noble metals and metal oxides.
- a porous silica used as an adsorbent is a novel porous silica having a large specific surface area and uniform mesopores.
- a manufacturing method is proposed.
- an alkylamine compound is obtained from an organic-inorganic composite composed of a polycondensate of alkoxysilanes and an alkylamine compound forming a micelle. By removing the porous silica is produced.
- the Velobsky cocoon-type composite oxide used for the exhaust gas purification catalyst is generally prepared by coprecipitation from a solution containing a metal salt constituting the velovskite-type composite oxide. This precursor is deposited, and this precursor is dried and fired.
- the number of particles of the obtained belobskite type complex oxide is ⁇ May have relatively large particle size up to m. Furthermore, the surface area may be reduced due to grain growth during use of the perovskite-type complex oxide.
- the present invention has an excellent performance with respect to the maximum purification rate and / or catalyst activity at a relatively high temperature, and suppresses the grain growth of the Velovsky soot-type complex oxide during the use of the exhaust gas purification catalyst.
- the present invention provides a verobskite-type complex oxide-based exhaust gas purification catalyst. Disclosure of the invention
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention has a porous silica support composed of silica having a pore structure, and particles of a velovskite complex oxide supported in the pore structure of the porous silicic force support.
- the peak due to the gap between the primary particles of silica is 3 to 100 nm, particularly 5 to 50 nm. Especially in the range of 5 to 30 nm, and more particularly in the range of 8 to 2 O nm.
- the peak due to the pore structure of silica is in the range of, for example, 1 to 5 nm or 2 to 4 nm.
- the velovskite complex oxide is a velovskite complex oxide represented by the following formula:
- A is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum La, strontium Sr, cerium Ce, barium Ba, calcium Ca, and combinations thereof; B is cobalt Co, iron Fe, nickel Ni , Chromium Cr, manganese Mn, magnesium Mg, and combinations thereof; 0 is oxygen; _ 0. 2 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.2 )
- Berobusukai preparative Metal oxide has a composition of L a F e ⁇ 3.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the pore volume distribution of a porous silicon force carrier before and after supporting the open buxite complex oxide on the porous silicon force carrier in Examples.
- FIG. 2 is a T EM image of the porous silica support (before supporting the velovite complex oxide) obtained in the examples.
- FIG. 3 is a TEM image of the porous silica support (after supporting the perovskite-type complex oxide) obtained in the example.
- Fig. 4 is a SEM image of M C M—41 silica particles. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- N_ ⁇ x concentration is considered not compensate the reduction of the NO x adsorption force Berobusukai preparative composite oxide in Condition and Z or high temperature conditions low.
- the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention has a porous silica support made of silica having a pore structure, and particles of a perovskite complex oxide supported in the pore structure of the porous silica support.
- the peak due to the gap between the primary particles of silica is in the range of 3 to 100 nm.
- the pore distribution means the distribution of pore diameter and volume measured by the nitrogen adsorption method.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention can provide excellent exhaust gas purification performance even at a relatively high temperature, unlike a general belovskite-type complex oxide catalyst.
- the peak force due to the gap between the primary particles of silica is in the range of 3 to 100 nm, that is, porous Due to the relatively small primary particles of the silica carrier, there are many opportunities to contact the exhaust gas with the velovite complex oxide particles supported in the pore structure of the porous carrier. reduction of N_ ⁇ x adsorption force base Robusukai preparative double multiplexer oxide in Yotsute high temperature is thought to be due to being compensated.
- the porous silica carrier used in the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention is made of silica having a pore structure.
- the peak due to the gap between the primary particles of silica is in the range of 3 to 100 nm, and the peak due to the pore structure, for example, It is in the range of 1-5 nm.
- the pore structure of silica means regularly arranged molecular level pores formed by silicon atoms and oxygen atoms constituting silica.
- Such a silica carrier is, for example, in which an alkylamine is self-arranged in an aqueous solvent, alkoxysilane and an optional salt group are added to the solution, and the self-arranged alkylamine is used as a template, By precipitating a silica carrier precursor and firing it.
- the alkylamine and alkoxysilane used in this method can be selected according to the intended primary particle size, pore distribution, etc. of the silica support.
- an aqueous ethanol solution is used as the aqueous solvent
- hexamine is used as the alkylamine.
- Sadecylamine can be used, tetraethoxysilane as the alkoxysilane, and ammonia as the optional base.
- Examples of the velovite complex oxide used in the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention include any velovite complex oxide.
- perovskite-type complex oxides represented by the following formula, and in particular, belovskite-type metal oxides having a composition of LaFeO3:
- A is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum La, strontium Sr, cerium Ce, barium Ba, calcium Ca, and combinations thereof;
- B is cobalt Co, iron Fe, nickel N selected from the group consisting of i, chromium Cr, manganese M n, magnesium Mg, and combinations thereof;
- ⁇ is oxygen; 1 0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.2
- X is in the range of 0.2 to 0.2 as described above.
- A contains 0.4 Sr which becomes a divalent ion in the oxide, oxygen defects occur.
- a part of the metal element A or B may be partially substituted with another metal, for example, can be substituted with a noble metal.
- the particles of the velovite type metal oxide can have an average particle size of 1 Onm or less, especially 5 nm or less.
- Supported amount of belovskite complex oxide on porous silica support Can be selected within a range that can suppress the grain growth of the velovskite complex oxide and provide sufficient performance for exhaust gas purification. Therefore, this loading amount depends in part on the external surface area of the porous silli force carrier. As this loading, for example, a mouth-buckite complex oxide
- the metal A or B constituting (A B O 3) can be 1 to 10% by mass / g porous silica support, for example, 5 g% Z porous silica support.
- the support of the perovskite complex oxide is supported on the porous silica support by impregnating the porous silica support with the solution of the metal salt constituting the perovskite complex oxide, and drying the obtained porous silica support. And by firing.
- the metal salt constituting the velovite complex oxide include inorganic acid salts such as nitrates and hydrochlorides, and organic acid salts such as acetates.
- Removal of the solvent from the salt solution and drying can be performed in any manner and at any 'temperature. This can be accomplished, for example, by placing a porous silica support impregnated with a salt solution in an oven at 120 ° C.
- the catalyst support particles of the present invention can be obtained by firing the porous silica support from which the solvent has been removed and dried. This calcination can be performed at a temperature generally used in metal oxide synthesis, for example, a temperature of 500 to 110 ° C.
- the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention further contains a noble metal such as platinum, rhodium, palladium, and NO or an N o x storage element, that is, an element selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal, particularly lithium and palium. You may carry.
- a noble metal such as platinum, rhodium, palladium, and NO or an N o x storage element, that is, an element selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal, particularly lithium and palium. You may carry.
- Supporting the noble metal and the N o x storage element on the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention can be performed by any method.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention In the case where platinum is supported, a solution containing a platinum salt and Z or a complex salt, for example, a dinitrodiammine platinum aqueous solution is supported by water absorption, dried and calcined.
- the amount of platinum supported on the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention may be 0.1 to 5% by mass, particularly 0.1 to 2% by mass with respect to the porous silica support.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention can be used not only by molding itself but also by coating a monolith support, for example, a ceramic honeycomb.
- Ethanol and distilled water were mixed at a ratio of 1: 1 to obtain an aqueous ethanol solution.
- Hexadecylamine was dissolved in 0.5 mol / L in the aqueous ethanol solution.
- the resulting aqueous solution was stirred for 2 hours to self-align hexadecylamine.
- tetraethoxysilane and aqueous ammonia were added to a solution in which 'hexadecylamine was self-arranged to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.5.
- tetraethoxysilane is hydrolyzed for 30 hours, silica is precipitated around the arrayed hexadecylamine, and secondary particles composed of primary particles having nano-sized pores are formed. Formed.
- nitric acid was added to this aqueous solution to make PH 7, and secondary particles were further aggregated and aged for 1 hour to obtain a porous silica support precursor.
- porous silica carrier precursor is washed with ethanol water, filtered, dried, and baked in air at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
- a porous silica carrier used in the present invention was obtained.
- a salt solution was prepared by dissolving 0.5 mol / L of lanthanum nitrate, 0.5 mol / L of iron nitrate, and 1.2 mol / L of citrate.
- the honeycomb substrate coated with the porous silica carrier obtained as described above was immersed, and lanthanum ions and iron ions were absorbed and supported in the pore structure of the porous silica carrier.
- the obtained honeycomb substrate was dried by ventilation at 120 ° C., fired at 500 ° C. for 1 hour, and then fired at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the supported amount of the velovite complex oxide (L a F eO 3 ) was approximately 5% by mass as iron (F e) with respect to the two-cam substrate.
- Fig. 1 shows the pore distribution of the porous sili- cal carrier alone, excluding the base material, before and after loading of the open mouth bskite-type complex oxide (L a FeO 3 ).
- the porous silica support obtained by the method of the example is not only the pores around 2.7 nm due to the pore structure of silica, but also the primary force of siri force. It has pores of over 10 nm due to the gap between particles.
- the primary particle diameter of silica having a pore structure is as small as 10 to 20 nm, and these primary particles are aggregated. This is because secondary particles are formed, and pores of slightly over 10 nm are provided between these primary particles.
- the porous carrier obtained by the method of the example has an internal surface area of 5880 m 2 and an external surface area of 2880 m 2 / g.
- external surface area means the surface area due to the gap between the primary particles of silica
- internal surface area means the surface area due to the pore structure of silica.
- this external surface area corresponds to the surface area of the carrier to which the components in the exhaust gas can easily approach.
- the internal surface area can be determined by determining the pore diameter and the wall thickness of the pores in the pore structure of the Siri force using TEM (transmission electron microscope), SEM (scanning electron microscope), etc. I can know.
- the external surface area can be determined by subtracting the internal surface area value from the total surface area value measured by the nitrogen adsorption method or the like.
- Fig. 4 shows the SEM image of MCM-4 1 silica particles. The photograph in Fig. 4 is quoted from J S S Becketa 1 J Am Am Chem S oc 1 9 9 2, 1 1 4, 1 0 8 3 4 1 0 8 4 3 .
- the perovskite type complex oxide is supported in the pore structure of silica, so the pores around 2.7 nm Became small. Note that the pore diameter of pores around 10 nm corresponding to the gap between the primary particles of silica is slightly Although it shifted to the larger side, there was no significant change, and it is understood that the loading of the velovite complex oxide was successful.
- FIG. 2 A T E M (transmission electron microscope) image is shown in Fig. 2, and a T E M image of the porous sili- force carrier after supporting the velovskite complex oxide is shown in Fig. 3.
- the portion corresponding to the pore structure of the siri force appears darker than that in the TEM image of Fig. 2, and it is confirmed that the perovskite complex oxide was supported in the pore structure. Understood.
- black particles of 3 to 5 nm are gold colloids and are mixed as position reference markers for constructing a three-dimensional image.
- the porous silli force carrier carrying the velovsky cage complex oxide was observed.
- the 3D-TEM image is a three-dimensional (3D) structure reconstructed by taking a TEM image from multiple angles. From this 3D-TE'M image, it was understood that fine particles having a particle diameter of about 1 to 2 nm are supported in the pores of the silica support. The place where the vicinity of the particles were analyzed by ED XD (energy one dispersive X-ray diffraction) analysis, lanthanum (L a) and iron (F e) is detected, the fine particles are L a F E_ ⁇ 3 Bae Ropusukai preparative It was confirmed to be composite oxide particles.
- ED XD energy one dispersive X-ray diffraction
- a bottom bskite-type complex oxide (LaFeO 3) was synthesized by a coprecipitation method, and this bottom bskite-type complex oxide was coated on a honeycomb base material. .
- velovite complex oxide 100 parts of the velovite complex oxide thus obtained, 70 parts of silica sol, and 65 parts of water were mixed, and the resulting mixture was milled for 1 hour to obtain a slurry. It was. The honeycomb substrate was dipped in the resulting slurry and coated. The supported amount of the velovskite complex oxide (L a F e O 3) was about 25 mass% as iron (F e) with respect to the honeycomb substrate.
- fine particles of lanthanum-iron-based belovskite-type composite oxide were converted into lanthanum oxide-yttrium-mudium zirconia composite oxide particles by a modified microemulsion method as described below.
- An exhaust gas purification catalyst was obtained by being supported on the surface of the carrier.
- the fine particles of the velovskite complex oxide are closely arranged on the surface of the lanthanum oxide yttrium oxide-zirconia composite oxide support particles, so that the composite during use of the catalyst Thinning between the oxide carrier particles is suppressed.
- a zirconium alkoxide solution was prepared by dissolving 0.14 5 mol of zirconium-n-butoxide in 0.2 liters of cyclohexane.
- the zirconium alkoxide solution and aqueous ammonia were added with stirring to the thus obtained mic mouth emulsion liquid for carrier, and the pH was adjusted to 7.5 to start hydrolysis. According to this, hydrolysis occurs in the aqueous phase in the micelles dispersed in the organic solvent or at the boundary thereof, and primary particles of the lanthanum triazirconia composite oxide are generated, and the primary particles are aggregated. Secondary particles were produced. 1 minute after the start of the hydrolysis reaction Add midnight to the mixture of the carrier microemulsion solution and the zirconium alkoxide solution, and then add aqueous ammonia to make ⁇ 9 9
- the raw material solution of ultrafine particles in the microemulsion solution for ultrafine particles is a micelle with a particle size of about 3 nm, and this micelle collides with the micelle that is the synthesis reaction field for the carrier secondary particles. Unify. According to this, lanthanum iron perovskite-type complex oxide ultrafine particles are synthesized by neutralization coprecipitation in coalesced micelles.
- the above carrier secondary particles are negatively charged at this ⁇ H. Therefore, almost as soon as the lanthanum iron perovskite type complex oxide ultrafine particles are formed, the surface of the carrier particles (especially secondary particles) is applied to the surface of the support particles (especially secondary particles) in a short time due to the electrical action due to the difference in the electric potential of the two. Adsorbed.
- 9.6 liters of water was added, followed by aging for about 1 hour with further stirring.
- the mother liquor is then filtered off and the resulting precipitate is washed three times with ethanol and dried overnight at 80 ° C before being removed at 40 ° C in air. Baked for 5 hours at 800 ° C for 2 hours in the atmosphere, and lanthanum triazorconia complex oxide is used as a support, and lanthanum iron-velovite complex oxide ultrafine particles are supported on the surface.
- An exhaust gas purifying catalyst precursor was obtained. This was supported on a monolithic carrier based on alumina by a known supporting method to prepare an exhaust gas purification catalyst.
- the 50% purification temperature is shown in Table 2 below.
- Table 2 50% purification temperature
- the coprecipitation method obtained by the conventional coprecipitation method is used. It has a lower NO x 50% purification temperature than the precipitating belovsky slag type complex oxide (comparative example).
- the velovite complex oxide catalyst of the example according to the present invention is manufactured by a relatively simple manufacturing method, it is improved microemulsion.
- the NO x 50% purification temperature is close to that of the open buxite complex oxide catalyst (reference example) produced by the process (modified ME process).
- N_ ⁇ purification rate of x gradually raising the exhaust gas temperature even after reaching 50% the catalyst temperature is 4 0 0 ° C, 4 5 0 ° C, 5 0 0, 5 5 0 ° C and 6 0 0 ° C
- the NO x purification rate was investigated. The results are shown in Table 3 below. Table 3: Purification rates at various catalyst temperatures
- the exhaust gas purifying catalysts of the examples according to the present invention were manufactured by the improved microemulsion method (improved ME method) even though they were manufactured by a relatively simple manufacturing method. It can be seen that the heat resistance is superior to that of the manufactured mouthbskite complex oxide catalyst (reference example).
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07768349.8A EP2050497B1 (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2007-07-03 | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst and method of preparation |
US12/307,131 US8999878B2 (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2007-07-03 | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst |
CN2007800247799A CN101484241B (zh) | 2006-07-03 | 2007-07-03 | 废气净化催化剂 |
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JP2006-183474 | 2006-07-03 | ||
JP2006183474A JP5076377B2 (ja) | 2006-07-03 | 2006-07-03 | 排ガス浄化触媒 |
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PCT/JP2007/063625 WO2008004687A1 (fr) | 2006-07-03 | 2007-07-03 | Catalyseur pour la purification de gaz d'échappement |
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US (1) | US8999878B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2050497B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5076377B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101484241B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008004687A1 (ja) |
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CN102513123A (zh) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-06-27 | 南京工业大学 | 一种处理工业废气的稀土钙钛矿型催化剂及其制备方法、应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008012382A (ja) | 2008-01-24 |
EP2050497A4 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
CN101484241A (zh) | 2009-07-15 |
EP2050497A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
US20090286677A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
JP5076377B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
EP2050497B1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
CN101484241B (zh) | 2012-04-04 |
US8999878B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
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