WO2005054350A1 - 複合微多孔膜及びその製造方法並びに用途 - Google Patents
複合微多孔膜及びその製造方法並びに用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005054350A1 WO2005054350A1 PCT/JP2004/017935 JP2004017935W WO2005054350A1 WO 2005054350 A1 WO2005054350 A1 WO 2005054350A1 JP 2004017935 W JP2004017935 W JP 2004017935W WO 2005054350 A1 WO2005054350 A1 WO 2005054350A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polypropylene
- group
- microporous membrane
- temperature
- polyethylene
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- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLQOUIUVEQXDPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Li+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O RLQOUIUVEQXDPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XSAOIFHNXYIRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C(=O)C=C XSAOIFHNXYIRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002691 malonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBQRWNWVPQDTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCN=C=O RBQRWNWVPQDTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC([O-])=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-hydroxyphenyl-ethylene Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCC[CH]CCCC ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N normal nonane Natural products CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-2,3-dione Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(C)=O TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950004354 phosphorylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PYJNAPOPMIJKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorylcholine chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOP(O)(O)=O PYJNAPOPMIJKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiopotassium Chemical compound [K].[K] ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLLCSBYSPJHDJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O LLLCSBYSPJHDJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QRFYVTBXHOOBEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoic acid;hydrobromide Chemical compound Br.OC(=O)C=C QRFYVTBXHOOBEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXLYKKNIXGIKAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(=O)C=C VXLYKKNIXGIKAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag] BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFFZTFNQQHNSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(F)(F)F AFFZTFNQQHNSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003681 vanadium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/1213—Laminated layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
- B01D71/262—Polypropylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/109—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/20—Specific permeability or cut-off range
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/34—Molecular weight or degree of polymerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/026—Porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/10—Batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
- Y10T428/249992—Linear or thermoplastic
- Y10T428/249993—Hydrocarbon polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite microporous membrane, a method for producing the same, and a use thereof, and more particularly, to a composite microporous membrane having an excellent balance of permeability, mechanical strength, shutdown characteristics, meltdown characteristics, and high-temperature storage characteristics, and a composite microporous film thereof It relates to a manufacturing method and an application.
- Microporous polyolefin membranes are used for various types of separators such as battery separators for lithium batteries and the like, diaphragms for electrolytic capacitors, various filters, moisture-permeable waterproof clothing, reverse osmosis filtration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, and microfiltration membranes. Widely used for applications.
- Separators for lithium secondary batteries and lithium ion batteries have pores formed by abnormal heat generation in order to prevent heat generation, ignition, and rupture of the battery caused by short-circuiting of an external circuit, overcharging, and the like.
- the function of stopping the battery reaction due to blockage the function of maintaining the shape even at high temperatures and preventing the danger of a direct reaction between the cathode material and the anode material is required.
- microporous polyethylene membranes manufactured by the wet method which are widely used as separators at present, have the characteristics of high strength and low shutdown temperature, but especially when used in high-capacity batteries. It is easily oxidized in the storage state, and the battery capacity tends to decrease.
- a separator made of a microporous polypropylene membrane manufactured by a dry method is difficult to be oxidized in a high-temperature storage state, but has a low strength and a large variation in strength, and thus has a problem in battery productivity.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a polypropylene film and a polyethylene film are alternately laminated.
- the present invention proposes a laminated porous film in which a laminated film having at least two layers is formed, and this is stretched to be porous.
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2003-92096 discloses a microporous membrane containing 0.5% by mass or less of a polyolefin resin having a molecular weight of less than 10,000. is suggesting.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a low-temperature shrinkable microporous membrane having at least one low-temperature shrinkable microporous membrane and at least one high-temperature shrinkable microporous membrane having a higher endothermic onset temperature. And a high-temperature shrinkable microporous membrane that has a separator in which shrinkage is independently laminated.
- the battery of Patent Document 3 is excellent in battery safety because the shape of the high-temperature shrinkable microporous membrane is maintained even at a high temperature.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-304110
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2003-92096
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-2003-59477
- Patent Document 2 in the examples, a microporous membrane using only polyethylene is produced. This microporous membrane has a relatively low meltdown temperature. Patent Document 2 describes that polyethylene and polypropylene may be blended! However, in this case, not only the meltdown temperature but also the shutdown temperature increases! /, And the shutdown characteristics deteriorate. In the separator described in Patent Document 3, the low-temperature shrinkable microporous membrane is easily oxidized when stored at a high temperature, so that the cycle life performance and the leaving performance at a high temperature are not always sufficient.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a composite microporous membrane excellent in balance among permeability, mechanical strength, shutdown properties, meltdown properties, and high-temperature storage properties, a method for producing the same, and use thereof. .
- the present inventors have found that at least one surface of the polyolefin microporous membrane has a mass average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 500,000 and a temperature of 25 ° C.
- the composite microporous membrane obtained by forming a coating layer containing polypropylene whose dissolution amount in toluene of 0.5 g or more is 0.5 g or more, balances permeability, mechanical strength, shutdown properties, meltdown properties, and high-temperature storage properties. And found that The present invention has been made.
- the composite microporous membrane of the present invention has a coating layer containing polypropylene formed on at least one surface of the polyolefin microporous membrane, and the polypropylene has a mass average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 500,000.
- the solubility of the polypropylene in 100 g of toluene at a temperature of 25 ° C is 0.5 g or more, and the air permeability when the thickness is converted to 25 m is 50 to 10,000 s Z100 cc. It is characterized by being.
- the mass average molecular weight (Mw) is preferably in the range of 10,000 to 250,000.
- the amount of polypropylene dissolved in 100 g of toluene at a temperature of 25 ° C. is preferably at least lg, particularly preferably at least 1.5 g.
- the coating layer is preferably formed in an amount of 0.1 to 5 g, more preferably 0.5 to 3 g, per lm 2 of the microporous microporous membrane.
- the racemic dyad fraction [r] of the polypropylene is preferably in the range of 0.07-0.93, more preferably in the range of 0.12-0.88, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.16-0.84. .
- a composite microporous membrane according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has the following physical properties (1)-(6).
- the porosity is 25-95%, preferably 30-90%, more preferably 35-85%.
- the air permeability is 100-3,000 seconds ZOO cc.
- the puncture strength is 5,000 mN / 25 ⁇ m or more.
- Meltdown temperature is 155 ° C or higher.
- the battery capacity recovery rate after storage at 80 ° C for 30 days (battery capacity after storage x 100Z initial battery capacity) is 70% or more.
- a mixed solution containing the polypropylene and its good solvent is applied to at least one surface of the polyolefin microporous membrane, and the good solvent is removed.
- the good solvent is removed.
- the mixed solution By increasing the concentration of the polypropylene to form a structure separated into the polypropylene phase and the good solvent phase, the remaining portion of the good solvent is removed, or (b) applying the mixed solution, By cooling, the polypropylene phase and the good solvent phase After forming the separated structure, the good solvent is removed, or (c) the mixed solution is applied and brought into contact with the poor solvent for the polypropylene, and then the good solvent is selectively volatilized and applied.
- the layer has a structure in which the polypropylene phase and the poor solvent phase are separated, and the poor solvent is removed or (d) a mixed solution containing the polypropylene, the good solvent, and the poor solvent is applied,
- the method is characterized in that the good solvent is selectively removed to form a structure in which the coating layer is separated into the polypropylene phase and the poor solvent phase, and then the poor solvent is removed.
- A it is preferably 0.5 10 mass 0/0.
- the polypropylene preferably satisfies the following conditions (7)-(16).
- the homogeneous metal complex catalyst described in the above (7) is a catalyst comprising a vanadium complex and an organoaluminum compound.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 11 to 10 carbon atoms (the same applies hereinafter), and R 2 represents an OR 4 group (R 4 is a hydrogen atom;
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom;
- A) and b are each an integer of 1 to 5 based on) (0- (CH) -N + R 1 ); consisting of Li, Na or K
- Q and r are each an integer of 1 to 5. same as below. >;-I ⁇ OR 1 group;-1? (0 group;
- -R 5 -NCO represents a group. same as below. ), -NR 1 group, -R 5 -NR 1 group or Cl
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a halogen group selected from Cl, Br, F, and I (hereinafter the same), and R 7 represents -Ar-X, a group (X, is R 6 group, -OH group, -COOH group, -NH group, -CN group, -NO group, carbon number 1
- 3 represents an alkyl group of 10), a halogenated alkyl group of 110 carbon atoms, a halogen group, -OR 6 group, -0S0
- M group (M represents an alkali metal group selected from the group consisting of Li, Na or K) or
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) described in the above (11) includes (meth) acrylic acid and its alkyl ester, glycidyl ester, alkali metal salt of (meth) acrylic acid and its halide, and -At least one selected from the group consisting of (meth) acrylic acid derivatives containing at least one of a 0H group, an alkoxy group, an amino group and an isocyanate group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) described in the above (11) is at least one selected from the group consisting of styrene derivatives, vinyl compounds and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids.
- the amount of the modifying agent according to any one of (11) to (13) is 11 to 500 in terms of the number of molecules per polypropylene molecule, more preferably 1 to 400, Particularly preferably, the number is 1 to 300.
- Polypropylene treated with the modifier according to any one of (11) to (13) above, and unmodified polypropylene, and the racemic dyad fractions [r] and Mw of each polypropylene are the same or different. It is also a composition.
- the polyolefin microporous membrane preferably satisfies the following conditions (17) to (23).
- the porosity is 25-95%.
- the air permeability (JIS P8117) is 50 to 10,000 seconds Z100 cc, more preferably 100 to 3,000 seconds Z100 cc.
- the average through-hole diameter is 0.005-1 ⁇ m.
- Tensile breaking strength is 100 MPa or more.
- the puncture strength is 5,000 mN / 25 ⁇ m or more.
- the thermal shrinkage (105 ° C for 8 hours) is less than 15% in both the machine direction (MD) and the cross direction (TD).
- the thickness is 5-200 ⁇ m.
- the polyolefin preferably satisfies the following conditions (24)-(32).
- the Mw of the polyethylene according to (24) is 1 ⁇ 10 4 —5 ⁇ 10 6 .
- the Mw of the polyethylene described in the above (25) is 1 ⁇ 10 5 —4 ⁇ 10 6 .
- the polyethylene according to any one of the above (24)-(26) is at least one selected from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene and low density polyethylene.
- the polyethylene according to any one of the above (24) to (27) is an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having an Mw of 5 ⁇ 10 5 or more.
- the polyethylene composition according to the above (24) essentially requires ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, and further contains at least one selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene and low density polyethylene.
- the polyethylene composition according to (30) includes a Mw5 X 10 5 or more ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene emissions and Mwl X 10 4 or more 5 X 10 5 less than high density polyethylene.
- the composite microporous membrane of the present invention is useful as a battery separator.
- the composite microporous membrane of the present invention comprises a polypropylene having a Mw in the range of 5,000 to 500,000 and a solubility in 100 g of toluene at a temperature of 25 ° C of 0.5 g or more.
- a layer is formed, and when the thickness is converted to 25 m, the air permeability is 50 to 10,000 seconds Z 100 cc, preferably 100 to 3,000 seconds Z 100 cc, so that the permeability, mechanical strength, Excellent balance of shutdown characteristics, meltdown characteristics and high temperature storage characteristics.
- the composite microporous membrane of the present invention When the composite microporous membrane of the present invention is used as a battery separator, the cycle life performance at high temperatures and the storage performance are not significantly reduced. Even if the above is repeated, no gap is formed between the battery components, and the interface resistance between the electrode and the separator can be reduced, so that a battery excellent in safety and reliability can be obtained. Furthermore, the composite microporous membrane of the present invention is suitable as a separation membrane because it has excellent wettability to chemicals, separation performance, permeability, and mechanical strength.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a coin-type lithium secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the polyolefin constituting the microporous polyolefin membrane may be a single substance or a composition having two or more kinds of polyolefins, but preferably contains polyethylene.
- Examples of the type of polyethylene include ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene and low density polyethylene. Among them, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is preferable as polyethylene. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Mw of 5 X 10 5 or more der Ru of the preferred tool 1 X 10 6 - 15 X 10 6 range and more preferably tool 1 X 10 6 -5 X 10 6 of the It is particularly preferred that it is within the range.
- the above various polyethylenes may be copolymers containing a small amount of other ⁇ -olefins.
- ⁇ -olefins other than ethylene include propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, otaten, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, and styrene. Can be.
- Polyethylene is a composition composed of a single polyethylene or two or more polyethylenes, and even in the case of deviation, the ratio of the mass average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) MwZMn (molecular weight distribution ) Is preferably, but not exclusively, in the range of 5 to 300, more preferably in the range of 10 to 100.
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- Mn number average molecular weight
- MwZMn molecular weight distribution
- the polyolefin composition a composition containing the above ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene is more preferable.
- the polyolefin yarn composition containing the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene preferably contains high density polyethylene, which preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene and low density polyethylene. preferable.
- the Mw of these high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 or more and less than 15 ⁇ 10 5 .
- polypropylene, polybutene-1, ethylene' ⁇ -olefin having an Mw in the range of 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 4 ⁇ 10 6 may be used.
- At least one type of polyolefin selected from the group consisting of polyethylene waxes is added.
- the addition amount of the polyolefin which can be added optionally is preferably 80 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the entire polyolefin composition.
- the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-104736 can be employed. However, it is not the meaning limited to this method. Utilizing the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-104736, (0) after adding a film-forming solvent to the above-mentioned polyolefin, melt-kneading to prepare a polyolefin solution, and Cooling to form a gel-like molded product; (iii) stretching the obtained gel-like molded product; (iv) removing the film-forming solvent from the stretched product with a washing solvent; By drying, a microporous polyolefin membrane can be produced.
- the microporous polyolefin membrane used in the present invention has a porosity of 25 to 95% and an air permeability (JIS P8117) in the case of converting the thickness into 25 ⁇ m of 50 to 10,000 seconds ZOO cc, Preferably 100 to 3,000 seconds Z100 cc, average through hole diameter 0.005 to 1 m, tensile fracture
- the strength is 100 MPa or more
- the piercing strength is 5,000 mN / 25 ⁇ m or more
- the heat shrinkage (105 ° CZ8 hours) is 15% or less in both the longitudinal (MD) and width (TD) directions. It is desirable that the thickness be 5 to 200 ⁇ m.
- a coating layer containing polypropylene having Mw in the range of 5,000 to 500,000 and dissolving in 0.5 g or more in 100 g of toluene at a temperature of 25 ° C. is formed. Have been.
- the Mw of polypropylene must be between 5,000 and 500,000, preferably between 10,000 and 250,000. If the Mw of the polypropylene is less than 5,000, the thermal stability becomes insufficient, while if it exceeds 500,000, the viscosity of the coating solution with a suitable concentration becomes too high, making it difficult to apply it uniformly to the microporous membrane. .
- the molecular weight distribution (MwZMn) of the polypropylene is preferably from 1.01 to 100, more preferably from 1.1 to 50.
- the amount of polypropylene dissolved in 100 g of toluene at a temperature of 25 ° C must be 0.5 g or more, and particularly preferably 1.5 g or more, more preferably lg or more. If the dissolving power is less than 5 g, it is difficult to prepare a coating solution.
- Polypropylene has three types of possible stereo repeating units, which are called isotactic'polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene and atactic polypropylene, respectively.
- Bistactic 'polypropylene has the same configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms all along the propylene backbone, ie, the methyl groups of successive monomer units are on the same side of a virtual plane through the propylene backbone ( For example, all methyl groups are above the same plane).
- Syndiotactic 'polypropylene has two monomer units that have an enantiomeric relationship (racemic dyad: two consecutive monomer units differ in the configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms from each other), but the main chain of polypropylene (The methyl groups of successive monomer units in the chain alternate on each side of an imaginary plane through the polymer backbone).
- Atactic 'polypropylene has a stereochemical structure in which the configuration of asymmetric carbon atoms is randomly arranged along the polypropylene main chain.
- the racemic dyad fraction [r] is an index of the stereoregularity of polypropylene, and indicates the degree of syndiotacticity of polypropylene.
- racemic dyad fraction [r] is 1, or 100%, all of the polypropylenes will also be syndiotactic 'polypropylenes.
- the racemic dyad fraction [r] is obtained by a method well known to those skilled in the art, that is, the integrated value of the peak intensity due to the stereoregular structure measured by 13 C-NMR.
- the racemic dyad fraction [r] of polypropylene is preferably, but not limited to, in the range of 0.07-0.93, more preferably in the range of 0.12-0.88, in the range of 0.16-0.84. It is particularly preferred that When the racemic dyad fraction [r] is less than 0.07 or more than 0.93, the solubility in organic solvents is low.
- Polypropylene is a copolymer with other olefins or diolefins, as long as the Mw is in the range of 5,000 to 500,000 and the dissolving power g in 100 g of toluene at a temperature of 25 ° C is not less than g. May be.
- ethylene or ⁇ -olefin is preferred! /.
- a-Olefin preferably has 4 to 8 carbon atoms! / ,.
- Examples of the ⁇ -olefin having 418 carbon atoms include 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and the like.
- the carbon number of diolefin is preferably 414.
- Examples of the diolefin having 414 carbon atoms include butadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,7-octadiene, and 1,9-decadiene.
- the content of other Orefuin or Jiorefuin is 100 mol propylene copolymer 0/0 as 10 mole 0/0 less than a and even preferable.
- the polypropylene may be a single product or a composition containing two or more types of polypropylene.
- the polypropylene yarn composition include (a composition containing two or more types of polypropylene having different racemic dyad fractions [r] and ⁇ or Mw), a polypropylene treated with a GO modifier, and an unmodified polypropylene.
- the method for preparing polypropylene described in (1) above is not particularly limited, but a method of polymerizing propylene in a solvent using a homogeneous and Z or heterogeneous metal complex catalyst is preferred.
- the solvent include saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane and heptane; saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopropane and cyclohexane; and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene.
- the polymerization of propylene may be carried out in propylene barta or propylene gas phase without using a solvent.
- the homogeneous metal complex catalyst examples include a metal complex catalyst comprising an organic compound containing a hetero atom such as oxygen and nitrogen and a transition metal, and a catalyst capable of forming an organometallic compound and an organoaluminum compound.
- a metal complex catalyst comprising an organic compound containing a hetero atom such as oxygen and nitrogen and a transition metal
- a catalyst capable of forming an organometallic compound and an organoaluminum compound As a specific example of a homogeneous metal complex catalyst,
- a catalyst consisting of at least one selected from the group
- a catalyst comprising: a group-containing complex (meta-clutch compound); and (iii-2) at least one member selected from the group consisting of aluminoxanes, boron compounds and organoaluminum compounds,
- a catalyst comprising a diimine complex such as nickel and rhodium and aluminoxanes
- a catalyst comprising a titanium diamide complex and an organoaluminum
- a catalyst comprising a phenoxyimine complex such as titanium, zirconium, or hafnium and an aluminoxane
- a catalyst composed of a pyromonoimine complex such as titanium and an aluminoxane.
- V acetylacetonato
- ⁇ Ri canolacoxy 3 ⁇ 4 represents. ), V (benzoylacetonato), V (benzoyltrifluoroacetonato),
- V dibenzoylmethanato
- V iuroylacetonato
- V trifluoroacetylacetonato
- V (3-phenylacetylacetonato), V (2,4-hexanedionato), V (tnfluorodimethyl-2,4-
- the vanadium complex also includes the following general formula (3):
- X 1 represents F, Cl, Br, I, a hydrocarbon group having 110 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 118 carbon atoms
- R 8 — R 1Q each independently represent an alkyl group having 114 carbon atoms.
- X 2 represents F, Cl, Br, I, a hydrocarbon group having 110 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 118 carbon atoms
- R 11 represents an alkyl group having 114 carbon atoms.
- organoaluminum compound examples include dimethylaluminum chloride, ethylaluminum chloride, getylaluminum bromide, getylaluminum iodide, diisobutylaluminum chloride, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, Examples thereof include alkylaluminum halides such as isobutylaluminum dichloride and ethylaluminum dibromide, and aluminoxanes such as methylaluminoxane.
- the catalyst an electron donor may be added as necessary to 0.
- the electron donor include alcohols, phenols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, malonic acids, esters of organic acids and inorganic acids.
- oxygen-containing electron donors such as monoether, diether or polyether, and nitrogen-containing electron donors such as ammonia, amine, nitrile, isocyanate, etc.
- the amount of the electron donor used is vanadium complex. It is 0.01-20 mol per mol.
- the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and yield of the obtained polypropylene can be adjusted by controlling the reaction temperature and the reaction time.
- the amount of vanadium complexes include propylene per mole 1 X 10- 5 - 0.1 mol, preferably from 1 X 10- 4 - a 5 X 10- 2 mole.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 100-100 ° C for 0.5-50 hours, preferably at a temperature of 90-50 ° C for 1-30 hours, more preferably at a temperature of 80-30 ° C for 1-15 hours. Do time.
- R 12 represents a hydrocarbon group having 110 carbon atoms
- R 13 represents a divalent aromatic group, a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group
- X 3 represents F, Cl, Br or I
- a is an integer of 2-4
- Y 1 is ⁇ cetyl acetone ligands, methyl butanedione ligand, Butanedione ligand, benzoylacetone ligand, benzoyltrifluoroacetone ligand, dibenzoylmethane ligand, furoylacetone ligand, trifluoroacetoneacetone ligand, 3-phenyl Acetylethylacetone
- Specific compounds of the complex of the above (ii-1) include Ti (OC H)
- Ti (acetylacetonato) CI Ti (methylbutanedionato) CI, Ti (butanedionato) CI,
- Zr ( ⁇ -cycloC H) F Zr [N (C H)], Zr [N (n—C H)], Zr [N (i-C H)], Zr [N (n—C H)
- Hi (0-n-C H), Hi (0-i-C H), Hi ( ⁇ —n—C H), Hi ( ⁇ —i—C H), Hi ( ⁇ —s—C H),
- Hi (0-t-C H), Hi ( ⁇ —cycloC H), Hi (OC H), Hi (OC H), Hi ( ⁇ —cycloC H),
- Hi (methylbutanedionato) CI, Hi (butanedionato) CI, Hi (benzoylacetonato) Br,
- Hi (trifluoroacetylacetonato) Br Hi (2,4-hexanedionato) CI and the like.
- Examples of the aluminoxanes of the above (ii-2) include methylaluminoxane, ethylethylaluminoxane, isobutylaluminoxane, and unreacted aluminum compounds in these aluminoxanes. Dry aluminoxane and the like purified by removing the substances.
- Examples of the boron compound include triphenylborane, trispentafluorophenylborane, and triphenylmethyltrispentafluoroborate. The boron compound may be used alone. It may be used in combination with an organoaluminum compound such as trialkylaluminum or alkylaluminum halide.
- organic aluminum compound examples include dimethylaluminum chloride, getylaluminum chloride, getylaluminum bromide, diisobutylaluminum chloride, dioctylaluminum chloride, ethylaluminum sesquichloride and the like.
- the amount of the compound of the above (i DOO 2) are propylene per mole 1 X 10- 6 - 0.5 mol, preferably from 1 X 10- 5 - 0.1 mol.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 100-100 ° C for 0.5-50 hours, preferably at a temperature of 80-80 ° C for 110-30 hours.
- non-crosslinkable meta-mouth compound examples include, for example, the following general formula (11)-(13);
- M 2 represents any metal of Ti, Zr or Hf
- X 4 represents a halogen group, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 18 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 15 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 18 to 18 carbon atoms, an aromatic group or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and n represents an integer of 13).
- non-cross-linkable meta-mouth compounds include (cyclopentagel) (fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride, (cyclopentagel) (fluorene) zirconium dimethyl, and (cyclopentagel) (fluorene). -Le) zirconium getyl, (cyclopentagenyl) (fluorene) titanium dichloride, (cyclopentagel) (fluorene) hafnium dichloride, (CH) Zr (CH), (CH-i-CH) ZrCl , (CH -tC H)
- cross-linkable meta-mouth compound for example, the following general formula (14):
- M 3 represents any metal of Ti, Zr or Hf
- R 16 is a divalent aromatic group, a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or oxygen, nitrogen, represents a divalent organic group containing a different element such as silicon
- R 17 - R 2 ° each independently represent an aliphatic hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number 1 one 8, R 17 - the R 2Q At least one of which is a hydrogen atom
- X 5 represents a halogen group, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 18 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the two-crosslinkable meta-mouth compound include the following general formula (15):
- R 21 to R 23 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 18 carbon atoms.
- X 6 represents a halogen group, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 18 carbon atoms, or a carbon number. Represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 10.
- M 4 is any metal of Ti, Zr or Hf. R 21 to R 23 may be the same or different.
- the aluminoxane, boron compound and organoaluminum compound of the above (iii-2) may be the same as the above-mentioned catalyst GO.
- the amount of meta port Sen compound of (m-1) is a propylene per mole 5.0 X 10- 7 - 5.0 X
- the amount of the compound of the above (m-2) are propylene per mole 1.0 X 10- 5 - 5.0 mole and preferably 1.0 X 10- 3 - 0.1 mol.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 100-90 ° C for 0.1-100 hours, preferably at a temperature of 50-50 ° C for 1-150 hours.
- X 7 , Zeta 1 is independently F, Cl, Br or halogen radical selected also the group force consisting of I, aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 one 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 one 8 carbon have a substituent
- R 24 to R 26 are each independently an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 18 to 18 carbon atoms, or substituted Represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may have a group.
- X 7, Y 2, ⁇ 1 and R 24 - also R 26 is a a same or may be different. And the like.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (17) include (Me C) Cp (CH) OTiCl, (CH) C] Cp (CH) OTiCl p (5- Me-CH
- the aluminoxane, boron compound and organoaluminum compound of the above (iv-2) may be the same as the above-mentioned catalyst GO.
- the amount of the compound of the above (iv-1) a propylene per mole 1 X 10- 8 - 0.1 mol, good Mashiku is 1 X 10- 7 - a 5 X 10- 2 mole.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 100-90 ° C for 0.5-100 hours, preferably at a temperature of -50-50 ° C for 1-50 hours.
- examples of the diimine complex include the following general formula (19)-(22):
- X 8 represents a CI or a methyl (Me) group
- R 27 —R 3Q each independently represent a methyl (Me) group or an isopropyl (iPr) group, which may be the same or different.
- Aluminoxane may be the same as the above-mentioned catalyst GO.
- Nickel the amount of diimine complexes of palladium or the like, propylene per mole 1 X 10- 6 - 0.1 mol, preferably from 5 X 10- 6 - a 5 X 10- 2 mole.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 100-90 ° C for 0.5-100 hours, preferably at a temperature of 50-50 ° C for 1-50 hours.
- the titanium diamide complex is represented by the following formula (23);
- R 31 represents a hydrocarbon residue, and ⁇ represents an integer of 110).
- R 31 is preferably an aromatic ring residue or an aromatic ring residue having an alkyl substituent, and specific examples thereof include a dipropylphenyl group.
- ⁇ is an integer of 2-5! / ,.
- phenoxyimine complexes such as titanium, zirconium, and hafnium include, for example, the following general formula (24):
- Aluminoxane may be the same as the above-mentioned catalyst GO.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 to 200 ° C for 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably at a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C for one to 50 hours.
- the reaction solvent include the above-mentioned saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, the above-mentioned saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon, the above-mentioned aromatic hydrocarbon, and the like. Titanium, zirconium, hafnium The amount of Fuenokishiimin complexes etc., propylene per mole 1 X 10 - 0.1 mol, preferably from 5 X 10- 6 - a 5 X 10- 2 mole. The amount of aluminoxanes, propylene 1 molar per 1 X 10- 6 - 0.1 mol, preferably from 5 X 10- 4 - 0.05 mol.
- examples of the pyromonoimine complex such as titanium include the following general formula (25):
- X 1Q represents F, Cl, Br or I
- IT 4 represents an alkyl group or a phenyl group having 15 to 15 carbon atoms.
- the aluminoxane may be the same as the above-mentioned catalyst (ii).
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 to 200 ° C for 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably at a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C for 1 to 50 hours.
- catalyst (0- (viii) a catalyst preferred by GiO (0 is more preferred.
- the catalyst (0- (viii) can be supported on a carrier such as silica, alumina, zirconia, titer and the like. .
- polypropylene prepared using a metal complex catalyst it is necessary to remove by-produced crystalline polypropylene.
- a method of removing the by-product crystalline polypropylene for example, a method of dissolving the amorphous polypropylene but not dissolving the crystalline polypropylene, using a solvent, and removing an insoluble portion by a method such as filtration or centrifugation is used.
- heterogeneous metal complex catalyst examples include (a) a group consisting of a titanium compound, a zirconium compound, and a zinc compound; and (b) a group consisting of a magnesium compound, a manganese compound, and a cobalt compound.
- a catalyst system comprising at least one selected material and (c) an organic aluminum compound can be used.
- a halogen group, an alkoxy group and a derivative thereof, a cyclopentagenenyl group and a derivative thereof, acetylacetone and a derivative thereof, and the like can be used as the ligand of the compound (a).
- the coordination number is preferably 2-4, more preferably 4.
- X 11 represents a halogen group
- OR represents an alkoxy group
- Cp represents a cyclopentagel group
- acac represents acetylacetone
- Examples of the compound satisfying the above formula (26) include TiCl, Ti (OBu), Cp TiCl, (acac) TiCl and the like.
- Examples of the ligand of the compound (b) include a halogen group, an alkyl group and a derivative thereof, and an alkoxy group and a derivative thereof.
- a magnesium compound the following formula (27);
- organoaluminum compound of the above (c) examples include, for example, dimethylaluminum chloride, getylaluminum chloride, getylaluminum iodide, diisobutylaluminum-demichloride, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, Alkyl aluminum halides such as isobutyl aluminum dichloride; and methyl aluminoxanes.
- heterogeneous metal complex catalyst those developed especially for the synthesis of polypropylene having low crystallinity or the synthesis of an ethylene / propylene copolymer are preferable.
- heterogeneous metal complex catalyst Even when a heterogeneous metal complex catalyst is used, hydrogen or jet Zinc, Si—H bond-containing conjugates and the like can be added.
- the heterogeneous metal complex catalyst can be supported on a carrier such as silica, alumina, zirconia, titer and the like.
- a carrier such as silica, alumina, zirconia, titer and the like.
- Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 7-121970, 7-121971, 7-121972, JP-A-62-295909, JP-A-63-54407, The method described in Kaisho 63-54408 can be used.
- An electron-donating compound may be added to the heterogeneous metal complex catalyst!
- Examples of the kind of the compound which can be added to the compound are those described in JP-B-7-121970, and specifically include esters, ketones, ethers and silicon compounds.
- ether is preferable as the electron donating compound.
- As ethers those described in JP-A-1-236203, JP-A-3-294308 and the like can be used. As described above, it is necessary to remove by-produced crystalline polypropylene from the polypropylene prepared using the metal complex catalyst.
- Polypropylene may be modified by the method described below, thereby improving the adhesion to the electrode.
- the following general formula (1) the following general formula (1):
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 11 to 10 carbon atoms (the same applies hereinafter), and R 2 represents an OR 4 group (R 4 is a hydrogen atom;
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom;
- b 3 is an integer of 5>; consisting of Li, Na or K
- An alkali metal group selected from the group; an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms; a glycidyl group; a -R'-COCR ⁇ CH group; R 5 is an alkylene group having 11 to 10 carbon atoms or-[( CH) -0-]-
- Q and r are each an integer of 1 to 5. same as below. >; -I ⁇ OR 1 group; -R Si OR 1 ) group;
- -R 5 -NC0 represents a group. same as below. ), -NR 1 group, -R 5 -NR 1 group or Cl
- the group force consisting of 22, Br, F and I also represents a selected halogen group, and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a —COR 2 group. ],as well as The following general formula (2):
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a halogen group selected from Cl, Br, F, and I (hereinafter the same), and R 7 represents -Ar-X, a group (X, is R 6 group, -OH group, -COOH group, -NH group, -CN group, -NO group, halogenated alkyl group having 110 carbon atoms, -CH
- M group (M represents an alkali metal group selected from the group consisting of Li, Na or K) or
- (meth) acrylic acid As the modifier represented by the general formula (1), (meth) acrylic acid; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, trimethylmethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate Alkyl esters such as, cyclohexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, trifluoromethyl methacrylate; glycidyl esters such as glycidyl atalylate and glycidyl methacrylate; acrylic Acid sodium salt, potassium
- Acrylic acid derivatives are exemplified.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) includes (meth) acrylic acid and its alkyl ester, glycidyl ester, alkali metal salt of (meth) acrylic acid and its halide, and -OH group or alkoxy group.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2) include acrylonitrile, methallyl-tolyl, and the like; torilyi conjugates; vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl fluoride, vinyl iodide, and vinyl chloride.
- the polypropylene is reacted with the above modifier in the presence of a radical reaction initiator.
- the modification is preferably performed in an organic solvent. It is preferable to use a kneader for the modification. If necessary, it may be modified under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- organic solvent examples include saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, and dodecane; saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopropane and cyclohexane; Examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene.
- saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, and dodecane
- saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopropane and cyclohexane
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene.
- azo-based compounds such as azobisisobuty-mouth-tolyl and 2,2-azobis (2,4-dimethylvalero-tolyl); benzoyl peroxide, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate
- a peroxide such as 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-t-butylperoxyhexane can be used.
- two or more forces using one kind of denaturing agent can be used.
- two or more kinds of modifiers they can be mixed in advance and reacted with the polypropylene, but the modifier may be added in two or more stages and reacted with the polypropylene.
- the denaturation reaction is performed within a temperature range of 50 to 200 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 60 to 160 ° C.
- the reaction time is 0.5 hours or more, preferably 110 hours.
- the longer the reaction time the higher the amount of modifier introduced into the polypropylene.
- the amount of the modifying agent to be introduced is preferably 1 to 500, more preferably 1 to 400, and particularly preferably 1 to 300 in terms of the number of molecules per polypropylene molecule.
- the modifying agent is graft-bonded to the polypropylene main chain.
- the modifying agent is introduced randomly into the main chain polypropylene to have a pendant structure.
- the crosslinking method include a method of irradiating with ionizing radiation, a method of using a crosslinking agent, and a method of vulcanization.
- ionizing radiation it is possible to use a ray, a j8 ray, a ⁇ ray, an electron beam, or the like.
- the crosslinking agent include compounds having two or more unsaturated bonds, such as butadiene and isoprene.
- a polymer other than the above-mentioned polypropylene can be added to the coating layer as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the other polymer that can be added at least one selected from the group consisting of fluororesin, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyamide, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polysulfone, and polyarylene sulfide is preferable. .
- the fluororesin at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and a copolymer of vinyl fluoride is preferred.
- the vinylidene fluoride unit content of the vinylidene fluoride copolymer and the vinyl fluoride unit content of the vinyl fluoride copolymer are each preferably at least 75% by mass, more preferably at least 90% by mass. Is more preferred,.
- Hexafluoropropylene, tetrafluoroethylene, trifluoropropylene, ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, styrene, butyl chloride, bilidene chloride are examples of monomers copolymerized with vinylidene fluoride or vinyl fluoride.
- polyvinylidene fluoride and a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride are preferred.
- vinylidene fluoride copolymer a poly (hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride) copolymer is preferred.
- polyphenylene sulfide is preferable.
- each of the other polymers described above may be crosslinked. Examples of the crosslinking method include the method described in (4) above.
- Each of the above other polymers may be modified by graft polymerization. Examples of the compound that can be used for the graft polymerization include the compounds described in the above (3).
- a mixed solution containing the above polypropylene and its good solvent is applied to at least one surface of the polyolefin microporous membrane, and then the good solvent is removed to form a coating layer.
- B) The above mixed solution is applied and the polypropylene phase is cooled.
- Examples of good solvents include toluene, xylene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), hexane, heptane and the like.
- Examples of the poor solvent include methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone.
- the mixing ratio of the good solvent and the poor solvent is not particularly limited, but the mass ratio of the good solvent Z to the poor solvent is preferably 10Z90-99Z1, more preferably 20Z80-80Z20. .
- the polypropylene concentration of each mixed solution to be applied (hereinafter, simply referred to as "application solution” unless otherwise specified) is 0.5- and 10 mass 0/0.
- application solution 0.5- and 10 mass 0/0.
- concentration of polypropylene in the coating liquid is more than 10% by mass, the amount of polypropylene to be coated becomes too large, so that the coating layer becomes non-uniform or the air permeability deteriorates.
- the coating method may be a conventional casting or coating method, for example, a dip coater method, a roll coater method, an air knife coater method, a blade coater method, a rod coater method, a no coater method, a comma coater method, a gravure coater method. Examples thereof include a silk screen coater method, a die coater method, and a microgravure coater method.
- a conventional method such as air drying, hot air drying, and heat drying in an oven may be used. It may be dried under reduced pressure if necessary.
- heat drying is performed after air drying.
- the heat drying temperature is preferably equal to or lower than the crystal dispersion temperature of polyethylene.
- the crystal dispersion temperature of polyethylene is usually 90 ° C. U, the drying temperature is more preferably in the range of 50-90 ° C.
- the heat drying time is not limited! /, But is preferably in the range of 1 to 90 minutes! / ,.
- the good solvent is removed to increase the concentration of polypropylene in the coating layer, thereby separating microphase into a polypropylene phase and a good solvent phase, and removing the obtained phase-separated structure with the good solvent.
- the pores are formed by the fixing.
- pores are formed by fixing the structure in which the resin phase is microphase-separated by the poor solvent by removing the poor solvent. Therefore, it is preferable that the good solvent be volatilized earlier than the poor solvent during drying. For this reason, the boiling point of the good solvent is preferably lower than the boiling point of the poor solvent, more preferably lower than the boiling point of the poor solvent. It is preferable that the good solvent and the poor solvent do not azeotrope!
- the amount of the coating layer formed is such that when the thickness of the obtained composite microporous membrane is converted to 25 ⁇ m, the air permeability is 50 to 10,000 seconds Z100 cc, preferably 100 to 3,000 seconds Z100 cc. Adjust to. Also differ depending on the average through-pore size Ya porosity of polyolefin microporous film, the shape Naruryou coating layer is generally in the solid mass relative to lm 2 per polyolefin microporous membrane 0.1- 5 g virtuous More preferably 0.5-3 g. If the amount of the coating layer is less than 0.1 gZm 2, the improvement in high-temperature storage characteristics is insufficient, while if it exceeds 5 gZm 2 , the permeability may be poor.
- the average through-hole diameter of the coating layer is within the above range when the air permeability (thickness: 25 ⁇ m conversion) of the composite microporous membrane is within the above range. Adjust to be inside.
- the pore size of the coating layer can be controlled by appropriately selecting the concentration of polypropylene in the mixture, the type of good solvent, the type of poor solvent, the coating method, the drying speed, and the like.
- the average through-hole diameter of the coating layer is equal to or larger than the average through-hole diameter of the polyolefin microporous membrane, thereby improving the meltdown characteristics and high-temperature storage characteristics of the microporous membrane without causing a significant decrease in permeability. Can be.
- the coating layer may be formed only on one surface of the microporous polyolefin membrane, or may be formed on both surfaces. However, when the coating layer is formed only on one side of the microporous polyolefin membrane, it is preferable that the side on which the coating layer of the composite microporous membrane is formed be on the positive electrode side when assembling the battery.
- the composite microporous membrane according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has the following physical properties.
- the porosity is 25-95%, preferably 30-90%, more preferably 35-85%. If the porosity is less than 25%, good air permeability cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 95%, battery safety and impedance cannot be balanced.
- the air permeability is 50 to 10,000 seconds ZOO cc, and preferably 100 to 3,000 seconds 100 cc. Since the air permeability is 50-100,000 seconds Z100 cc, the cycle characteristics of batteries with large battery capacity are also good. If the air permeability exceeds 10,000 seconds Z100 cc, the battery capacity will decrease when the composite microporous membrane is used as a battery separator. On the other hand, if the temperature is less than 50 seconds Z100 cc, the shutdown speed is slowed down when the temperature inside the battery rises, and the safety may decrease.
- the puncture strength is 5,000 mN / 25 ⁇ m or more. If the puncture strength is less than 5,000 mN / 25 ⁇ m, a short circuit may occur when the composite microporous membrane is incorporated into a battery as a battery separator.
- Meltdown temperature is 155 ° C or higher.
- the battery capacity recovery rate after storage at 80 ° C for 30 days is 70% or more.
- the composite microporous membrane of the present invention has high permeability, mechanical strength, shutdown characteristics, Since it has an excellent balance between meltdown characteristics and high-temperature storage characteristics, it can be suitably used as a battery separator, a filter, or the like.
- the thickness of the composite microporous membrane is preferably 10 to 200 m when used as a battery separator, for example, a force that can be appropriately selected according to the application.
- the composite microporous membrane of the present invention is preferably used as a separator of a secondary battery such as a nickel-hydrogen battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel zinc battery, a silver zinc battery, a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium polymer secondary battery. Power that can be used It is particularly preferable to use the separator as a separator for a lithium secondary battery.
- a lithium secondary battery will be described as an example.
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode are stacked with a separator interposed therebetween, and the separator contains an electrolytic solution (electrolyte).
- the structure of the electrode is not particularly limited, and may be a known structure.
- an electrode structure in which a disk-shaped positive electrode and a negative electrode are arranged so as to face each other (coin type)
- an electrode structure in which a plate-shaped positive electrode and a negative electrode are alternately laminated laminated
- a strip-shaped positive electrode and a negative electrode Can be formed into an electrode structure (winding type) or the like, which is wound by overlapping.
- the positive electrode usually has (a) a current collector, and (b) a layer formed on the surface thereof and containing a positive electrode active material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions.
- a positive electrode active material include transition metal oxides, composite oxides of lithium and transition metals (lithium composite oxides), and inorganic compounds such as transition metal sulfides. Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and the like.
- Preferred examples of the lithium composite oxide include lithium nickelate, lithium conoleate, lithium manganate, and a layered lithium composite oxide having an ⁇ -NaFeO type structure as a base.
- the negative electrode has (a) a current collector and (b) a layer formed on the surface thereof and containing a negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode active material include carbonaceous materials such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, coatas, and carbon black.
- the electrolytic solution is obtained by dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent.
- Lithium salts include LiCIO, LiPF, LiAsF, LiSbF, LiBF, LiCF SO, LiN (CF SO), LiC (CF SO), LiC
- LiAlCl LiAlCl and the like. These may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
- Organic solvents include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, Organic solvents with a high boiling point and high dielectric constant, such as methyl carbonate, ⁇ -petit mouth ratatone, etc .; Organic solvents are mentioned. These may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. In particular, a high dielectric constant organic solvent has a high viscosity, and a low viscosity organic solvent has a low dielectric constant. Therefore, it is preferable to use a mixture of both.
- the separator When assembling a battery, the separator is impregnated with an electrolytic solution. Thereby, ion permeability can be imparted to the separator (microporous membrane). Usually, the impregnation is performed by immersing the microporous membrane in an electrolyte at room temperature.
- a positive electrode sheet, a separator composed of a composite microporous membrane, and a negative electrode sheet are laminated in this order, and the obtained laminated body is wound from one end to form a wound electrode element.
- a battery can be manufactured by inserting the obtained electrode element into a battery can, impregnating the above-mentioned electrolyte solution, and further pressing a battery lid, which has a safety valve and also serves as a positive electrode terminal, through a gasket.
- Mw force ⁇ 0.06 ⁇ 10 6 30 mass% ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and Mw 3.5 ⁇ 10 5 70 mass% high density polyethylene (HDPE) (Mw / Mn: 16.8, melting point: 135 ° C, crystal dispersion temperature: 90 ° C), tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) as an anti-oxidation agent
- a polyethylene composition was prepared by adding 0.375 parts by mass of [-propionate] methane.
- the obtained polyethylene solution is extruded from a T-die installed at the tip of the extruder so that the thickness becomes about 25 m when biaxially stretched, and is taken up by a cooling roll controlled at 40 ° C, Gel formation A shape was formed.
- the obtained gel-like molded product was biaxially stretched 5 ⁇ 5 times at a temperature of 112 ° C. by a continuous stretching machine.
- the obtained stretched film was fixed to an aluminum frame of 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm, immersed in methylene chloride controlled at 25 ° C. in a washing tank, and washed while rocking at 100 rpm for 3 minutes. .
- After the washed membrane was air-dried at room temperature, it was heat-set at 125 ° C for 10 minutes while being held in a tenter to produce a microporous polyethylene membrane.
- Table 1 shows the physical properties of the obtained microporous polyethylene membrane.
- Toluene was added to the polypropylene obtained in the above (2) and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to prepare a solution having a solid content of 2% by mass.
- the obtained toluene solution of polypropylene is applied to the microporous polyethylene membrane prepared in (1) above at room temperature by a dip coater method, air-dried at room temperature for 24 hours, and then dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour.
- a composite microporous membrane was prepared. Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the coin-type lithium secondary battery produced. With reference to FIG. 1, a procedure for manufacturing a lithium secondary battery will be described.
- LiCoO lithium-conoreto complex acidified product
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the obtained positive electrode active material agent was applied on a current collector la made of aluminum foil by a doctor blade method to form a layer having a uniform thickness, which was dried to form a positive electrode active material layer lb. did.
- the obtained laminate was punched into a circle having a diameter of 14 mm to obtain a positive electrode 1 in which a positive electrode active material layer lb was formed on the surface of the current collector la.
- the obtained negative electrode active material agent was applied on a current collector 2a having copper foil strength by a doctor blade method to form a layer having a uniform thickness, and dried to form a negative electrode active material layer 2b.
- the obtained laminate was punched into a circle having a diameter of 14 mm to obtain a negative electrode 2 in which a negative electrode active material layer 2b was formed on the surface of a current collector 2a.
- Electrolyte solution 3 was prepared by adding 6 Z liter.
- the obtained positive electrode 1 and negative electrode 2 were heated at a temperature of 150 ° C. under reduced pressure to remove water and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in the electrodes almost completely.
- the dried positive electrode 1 and negative electrode 2 were welded to the positive electrode case 11 and the negative electrode case 12, respectively, and the separator 4 made of the composite microporous membrane prepared in the above (3) was sandwiched between them.
- the electrolytic solution 3 After injecting the electrolytic solution 3, it was sealed with a gasket 5 to produce a coin-type lithium secondary battery.
- a composite microporous membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the toluene solution of polypropylene was changed to 5% by mass. Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene.
- a lithium secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained composite microporous membrane.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the toluene solution of polypropylene was 8% by mass, A composite microporous membrane was prepared. Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene. A lithium secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained composite microporous membrane.
- a microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 Toluene was added to the polypropylene obtained in (2), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to form a coating layer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 5% by mass solution was prepared.
- Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene.
- a microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 Using the polypropylene obtained in (2) above, a coating layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a composite microporous membrane. Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene.
- a microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a composite microporous membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a toluene solution of polypropylene was applied to one surface of the microporous polyethylene membrane by a gravure coater method. Table 1 shows the amount of polypropylene attached. Using the obtained composite microporous membrane, a lithium secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and a lithium secondary battery was produced using this in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a composite microporous membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the toluene solution of polypropylene was changed to 0.2% by mass. Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene.
- a lithium secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained composite microporous membrane.
- a composite microporous membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of the toluene solution of polypropylene was changed to 12% by mass. Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene.
- a lithium secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained composite microporous membrane.
- a microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 Using the polypropylene obtained in (2) above, a coating layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a composite microporous membrane. Table 1 shows the amount of the attached polypropylene.
- a microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Toluene was kneaded so that the amount of the polypropylene obtained in (2) became 2% by mass, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours.
- microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- polypropylene was prepared in the same manner as in Application Example 1 of JP-A-63-264607, except that the amount of hydrogen gas added was 1500 ml.
- Table 1 shows Mw, Mw / Mn, the amount of dissolution in toluene [gZlOO g (25 ° C.)], and the racemic dyad fraction [r] of the obtained polypropylene.
- Toluene was kneaded so that the amount of the polypropylene obtained in (2) became 2% by mass, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours.
- a microporous polyethylene membrane was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a polypropylene was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6.
- Decalin polypropylene obtained in the above (2) Ka ⁇ E stirred for 12 hours at a temperature of 120 ° C, to prepare a 2 wt 0/0 solution.
- the polypropylene solution was applied to the polyethylene microporous membrane by a dip coater method while keeping the temperature at 120 ° C, but the polyethylene microporous membrane was broken.
- a lithium secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using a commercially available microporous polypropylene membrane (trade name and model number: Celgard 2400, manufactured by Celgard Co., Ltd.).
- a lithium secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 using a three-layer microporous membrane (product name and model number: Celgard 2300, manufactured by Celgard Co., Ltd.), which also has a polypropylene layer / polyethylene layer / polypropylene layer that is commercially available. did.
- microporous polyethylene membrane and the composite microporous membrane produced in Examples 17 and 7 and Comparative Examples 2-4 The physical properties of the polyethylene microporous membrane produced in Comparative Examples 1 and 5-7 and the commercial microporous membrane used in Comparative Examples 8 and 9 were measured by the following methods. Table 1 shows the results.
- Thickness Measured with a contact thickness gauge manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation.
- Air permeability Measured according to JIS P8117 (film thickness: converted to 25 m).
- Puncture strength The maximum load when piercing the composite microporous membrane was measured using a needle with a diameter of 1 mm (0.5 mm R) at a speed of 2 mmZ seconds (film thickness: converted to 25 ⁇ m).
- Mw and molecular weight distribution determined from the integral curve obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurement.
- Measurement instrument GPC-150C manufactured by Waters Corporation, Column: Shodex UT806M manufactured by Showa Denko KK, Column temperature: 135 ° C, Solvent: o-dichlorobenzene, Solvent Flow rate: 1.0 mlZ min, Sample concentration: 0.1 wt% (Dissolution conditions: 135 ° C. Zlh, injection amount: 500 1).
- a calibration curve for polypropylene was prepared using a calibration curve obtained by measuring a standard sample (monodispersed polystyrene).
- Capacity recovery rate was measured by the following method. First, the discharge capacity (initial capacity) of the lithium secondary battery before storage at high temperature was measured by a charge / discharge tester. After the battery was stored at a temperature of 80 ° C for 30 days, the discharge capacity was measured again by the same method. The capacity recovery rate (%) was calculated according to the formula: (capacity after high-temperature storage X 100) Z initial capacity. Table 1 shows the results. 1]
- Thickness m 23.2 23.2 23,2 23.2 Porosity (%) 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.6 Air permeability (sec / 100cc) 514 514 514 514 Piercing strength (mN) 6370 6370 6370 6370 Shirt down temperature (° C) 135 135 135 135 135 Meltdown temperature () 160 160 160 160 160 Polypropylene coating layer
- Porous membrane Microporous membrane
- Thickness m 23.2 23.6--Porosity (%) 39.6 39.6-Air permeability (sec / 100cc) 514 514--Puncture strength (mN) 6370 6370--Shirt down temperature (in) 135 135--Melt Down temperature (° C) 160 160--Polypropylene coating layer
- the composite microporous membrane of Example 17 manufactured by the method of the present invention had porosity, air permeability, piercing strength, shutdown temperature, meltdown temperature and high-temperature storage characteristics. The balance of sex was excellent. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, no coating layer was formed, The storage characteristics were poor. In Comparative Example 2, the formation amount of the polypropylene layer was less than 0.1 gZm 2 , so that the high-temperature storage characteristics were inferior. In Comparative Example 3, since the amount of the polypropylene layer formed was more than 5 gZm 2 , the air permeability was poor, and the non-uniform polypropylene layer resulted in poor high-temperature storage characteristics.
- Comparative Example 4 since the Mw of the polypropylene was outside the range of the present invention, the air permeability and the high-temperature storage characteristics were inferior. In Comparative Examples 5-7, since the amount of polypropylene dissolved in toluene was outside the range of the present invention, a coating solution using toluene as a solvent could not be prepared. In Comparative Example 7, in particular, only decalin, a poor solvent, was used as a solvent. Since the coating solution was prepared, it was applied at a high temperature (120 ° C), and the microporous polyethylene membrane was broken. Since the microporous membrane of Comparative Example 8 was made of polypropylene, the shutdown temperature was too high and the battery safety was poor. Although the microporous membrane of Comparative Example 9 had a three-layer structure of a polypropylene layer, a polyethylene layer, and a Z polypropylene layer, the shutdown temperature was too high and battery safety was poor.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2005515958A JP4771809B2 (ja) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-02 | 複合微多孔膜及びその製造方法並びに用途 |
EP20040819890 EP1693408B1 (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-02 | Microporous composite film, process for producing the same, and use |
US10/596,171 US7785735B2 (en) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-02 | Microporous composite membrane and its producing method and use |
DE200460026628 DE602004026628D1 (de) | 2003-12-03 | 2004-12-02 | Mikroporöse verbundfolie, herstellungsverfahren dafür und verwendung |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI356070B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
TW200530306A (en) | 2005-09-16 |
EP1693408A4 (en) | 2007-01-17 |
JPWO2005054350A1 (ja) | 2007-12-06 |
EP1693408B1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
DE602004026628D1 (de) | 2010-05-27 |
US20070128512A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
JP4771809B2 (ja) | 2011-09-14 |
US7785735B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 |
EP1693408A1 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
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