WO2003007316A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung von nanokristallinen magnetkernen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von nanokristallinen magnetkernen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003007316A2 WO2003007316A2 PCT/EP2002/007755 EP0207755W WO03007316A2 WO 2003007316 A2 WO2003007316 A2 WO 2003007316A2 EP 0207755 W EP0207755 W EP 0207755W WO 03007316 A2 WO03007316 A2 WO 03007316A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic cores
- furnace
- annealing zone
- high thermal
- zone
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15333—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals containing nanocrystallites, e.g. obtained by annealing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0213—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from strip(s) or ribbon(s)
- H01F41/0226—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from strip(s) or ribbon(s) from amorphous ribbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/04—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/03—Amorphous or microcrystalline structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2281/00—Making use of special physico-chemical means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing nanocrystalline magnetic cores and devices for carrying out such a method.
- Nanocrystalline soft magnetic iron-based alloys have been known for a long time and have been described, for example, in EP 0 271 657 B1.
- the soft magnetic iron-based alloys described there generally have a composition with the formula:
- M is cobalt and / or nickel
- the indices a, x, y, z and ⁇ each have the condition 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.5; 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 3.0; 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 30.0; 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 25.0; 5 ⁇ y + z ⁇ 30.0 and 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ 30.
- the soft magnetic iron-based alloy can also have a composition with the general formula
- M is cobalt and / or nickel
- M v is at least one of the elements niobium, tungsten, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, titanium and molybdenum
- M vx is at least one of the elements vanadium, chromium, manganese, aluminum, an element of the platinum group , Scandium, yttrium, a rare earth, gold, zinc, tin and / or rhenium
- X is at least one of the elements carbon, germanium, phosphorus, gallium, antimony, indium, beryllium and arsenic and where a, x, y, z, ⁇ , ß and ⁇ each the condition 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.5, 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 3.0, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 30.0, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 25.0, 5 ⁇ y + z ⁇ 30.0, 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ 30.0, ⁇ ⁇ 10.0 and ⁇ ⁇
- the nanocrystalline alloys in question can be produced inexpensively, for example, using what is known as rapid solidification technology (for example using melt spinning or planar flow casting).
- An alloy melt is first provided, in which an initially amorphous alloy is then produced by rapid quenching from the melt state.
- the cooling rates required for the alloy systems in question are about 10 6 K / sec. This is achieved with the help of the melt spin process, in which the melt is sprayed through a narrow nozzle onto a rapidly rotating chill roll and solidifies into a thin band.
- This process enables the continuous production of thin tapes and foils in a single operation directly from the melt at a speed of 10 to 50 m / sec, whereby tape thicknesses of 20 to 50 ⁇ m and tape widths of up to a few cm are possible.
- the initially amorphous tape produced using this rapid solidification technology is then wound into magnetically variable magnetic cores, which can be oval, rectangular or round.
- the central step in achieving good soft magnetic properties is the "nanocrystallization" of the alloy strips, which were still amorphous until then. From a soft magnetic point of view, these alloy strips still have poor properties because they have a relatively high magnetostriction
- a crystallization heat treatment tailored to the alloy is carried out, an ultrafine structure is created, ie an alloy structure is formed in which at least 50% of the alloy structure is occupied by body-centered FeSi crystallites. This Crystallites are embedded in an amorphous residual phase made of metals and metalloids.
- the amorphous strips are first wound on ring winding cores with as little tension as possible on special winding machines.
- the amorphous band is first wound into a round ring band core and - if necessary - brought into a shape deviating from the round shape by means of suitable shaping tools.
- suitable winding bodies shapes that deviate from the round shape can also be achieved directly when winding the amorphous tapes into toroidal tape cores.
- the tension-free wound ring band cores are subjected to crystallization heat treatment in so-called retort furnaces, which is used to achieve the nanocrystalline structure.
- the toroidal cores are stacked one above the other and inserted in such an oven. It has been shown that a decisive disadvantage of this method is that weak magnetic stray fields, such as. B. the magnetic earth field is induced a position dependence of the magnetic values in the magnetic core stack.
- the magnetic values in the area of the stack center are characterized by more or less pronounced flat hysteresis loops with low values with regard to permeability and remanence.
- FIG. 1 a shows the scatter of the permeability at a frequency of 50 hearts as a function of the running core number within a glow stack.
- FIG. 1b shows the dependence of the remanence ratio B r / B m as a function of the sequential core number within a glow stack.
- the distribution curve for the magnetic values of a production line for annealing products is wide and continuous. The distribution curve drops monotonically towards high values. The exact specific course depends on the alloy, the magnetic core geometry and of course the stack height.
- T a 450 ° C. to 620 ° C.
- the present invention is based on the discovery that the magnetostatic parabolas shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b in the stack annealing of toroidal cores in retort furnaces are magnetostatic in nature and are due to the location-dependent demagnetization factor of a cylinder. Furthermore, it has been found that the exothermic heat of the crystallization process, which increases with the core weight, can only be released incompletely to the surroundings of the glow stack and can therefore lead to a significant deterioration in the permeability values. It is noted that nanocrystallization is of course an exothermic physical process. This phenomenon has already been described in JP 03 146 615 A2.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a new method for producing toroidal tape cores, in which the aforementioned problem of parabolic scattering and other, in particular exothermic, deteriorations in magnetic characteristics can be avoided, and which works particularly economically.
- this object is achieved by a process for the production of toroidal tape cores of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the completely wound amorphous toroidal tape cores are heat-treated in a continuous manner to form nanocrystalline toroidal tape cores.
- the heat treatment of the unstacked amorphous toroidal cores is preferably carried out on heat sinks which have a high heat capacity and a high thermal conductivity, which is also already known from JP 03 146 615 A2.
- a metal or a metallic alloy is particularly suitable as the material for the heat sinks.
- the metals copper, silver and heat-conductive steel in particular have proven to be particularly suitable.
- the amorphous toroidal cores to be treated are introduced into a mold bed made of ceramic powder or metal powder, preferably copper powder.
- Ceramic powder or metal powder preferably copper powder.
- Magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and aluminum nitride have proven to be particularly suitable as ceramic materials, both for a solid ceramic plate or for a ceramic powder bed.
- the heat treatment for crystallization is carried out in a temperature interval of approx. 450 ° C to approx. 620 ° C, whereby the heat treatment runs through a temperature window of 450 ° C to 500 ° C and thereby with a heating rate of 0.1 K / min to approx 20 K / min is run through.
- the invention is preferably carried out with a furnace, the furnace having a furnace housing which has at least one annealing zone and a heating source, means for supplying the annealing zone with unstacked amorphous magnetic cores, means for conveying the unstacked amorphous magnetic cores through the annealing zone and means for Removal of the unstacked heat-treated nanocrystalline magnetic cores from the annealing zone.
- a protective gas is preferably applied to the annealing zone of such a furnace.
- the furnace housing has the shape of a tower furnace in which the annealing zone runs vertically.
- the means for conveying the unstacked amorphous magnetic cores through the vertically running annealing zone are preferably a vertically running conveyor belt.
- the vertically running conveyor belt has supports perpendicular to the conveyor belt surface made of a material with a high heat capacity, ie either from the metals described above or the ceramics described at the outset, which have a high heat capacity and high thermal conductivity. ability.
- the toroidal cores lie on the supports.
- the vertically extending annealing zone is preferably divided into several separate heating zones, which are provided with separate heating controls.
- the furnace has the shape of a tower furnace in which the annealing zone runs horizontally.
- the horizontally running annealing zone is in turn divided into several separate heating zones, which are provided with separate heating controls.
- At least one, but preferably a plurality of support plates rotating about the tower furnace axis is then provided as the means for conveying the unstacked amorphous toroidal cores through the horizontally extending annealing zone.
- the support plates in turn consist entirely or partially of a material with high thermal capacity and high thermal conductivity on which the magnetic cores rest.
- metallic plates that come from the metals mentioned at the outset, ie. H. i.e. copper, silver or heat-conductive steel.
- the furnace has a furnace housing which has the shape of a horizontal continuous furnace, in which the annealing zone in turn runs horizontally.
- This embodiment is particularly preferred because such an oven is relatively easy to manufacture.
- a conveyor belt is provided as a means of conveying the unstacked amorphous toroidal cores through the horizontally extending annealing zone, the conveyor belt preferably being provided with supports which consist of a material with high thermal capacity and high thermal conductivity, on which the toroidal cores rest.
- supports consist of a material with high thermal capacity and high thermal conductivity, on which the toroidal cores rest.
- the horizontally running annealing zone is again divided into several separate heating zones, which are provided with separate heating controls.
- the magnetic cross-field treatment required for the production of flat hysteresis loops can also be generated directly and simultaneously in one pass.
- at least a part of the flow channel enclosed by the furnace housing is guided between the two pole pieces of a magnetic yoke, so that the magnetic cores passing through are subjected to a homogeneous magnetic field in the axial direction, thereby forming a uniaxial anisotropy transverse to the direction of the wound band.
- the field strength of the yoke must be so high that the magnetic cores are at least partially saturated in the axial direction during the heat treatment.
- the hysteresis loops become flatter and linear, the greater the proportion of the length of the furnace channel over which the yoke is placed.
- the separate heating zones have a first heating zone, a crystallization zone, a second heating zone and a maturing zone.
- FIG. 2 shows the influence of the toroidal core weight on the permeability (50 Hz) of toroidal cores continuously annealed without a heat sink
- FIG. 3 shows the influence of heat sinks of different thicknesses on the exothermic crystallization behavior of continuously annealed toroidal cores.
- FIG. 4 shows the influence of different thicknesses of heat sinks on the maximum permeability of continuously annealed toroidal cores of different geometry and different toroidal core mass
- FIG. 5 shows the influence of the toroidal core weight on the permeability (50 Hz) after continuous annealing on a 10 mm thick copper heat sink
- FIG. 7 schematically, in cross section, a tower furnace according to the invention with a vertically running conveyor belt
- FIG. 8 shows a multi-storey carousel oven according to the invention
- Annealing processes are required in particular for the production of so-called round hysteresis loops, which allow the formation and maturation of an ultrafine nanocrystalline structure under field-free and thermally exact conditions as possible.
- the annealing is normally carried out in so-called retort furnaces, in which the magnetic cores are inserted stacked one above the other.
- the decisive disadvantage of this method is that weak stray fields such. B. the magnetic field of the earth or similar stray fields, a position dependence of the magnetic parameters in the magnetic core stack is induced. This can be called the antenna effect.
- the distribution curve for the magnetic characteristics of a production batch runs broadly, steadily and drops monotonically towards high values.
- the exact course depends on the soft magnetic alloy used, the magnetic core geometry and the stack height.
- FIG. 2 shows the influence of the magnetic core weight on the magnetic values ( ⁇ io ⁇ Mmax) if the magnetic cores are heat-treated directly in the pass without a heat sink.
- FIG. 3 shows the influence of differently thick copper heat sinks on the exothermic behavior in toroidal tape cores, which had dimensions of approximately 21 x 11.5 x 25 mm.
- FIG. 4 shows the influence of the thickness of the heat sinks on the maximum permeability of toroidal cores of different geometries or magnetic core masses. While, according to FIG. 4, a 4 mm thick copper heat sink already leads to good magnetic characteristics for magnetic cores with a small core weight and / or a small magnetic core height, heavier or higher magnetic cores require thicker heat sinks with a higher heat capacity. It has emerged as an empirical rule of thumb that the plate thickness should be d> 0.4 x the core height h.
- FIG. 6 shows the end faces of two toroidal cores measuring 50 x 40 x 25 mm 3 after continuous annealing without a heat sink (left core) and on a 10 mm thick copper heat sink (right core). With the right nucleus there were practically no faults on the front side.
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a first embodiment of the present invention, a so-called tower furnace.
- the tower furnace has a furnace housing in which the annealing zone runs vertically.
- the unstacked amorphous magnetic cores are conveyed through a vertically running annealing zone by a vertically running conveyor belt.
- the vertical conveyor belt has heat sinks made of a material with a high heat capacity, preferably copper, which are perpendicular to the conveyor belt surface.
- the ring band cores lie with their end faces on the supports.
- the vertical annealing zone is divided into several separate heaters, which are provided with separate heating controls.
- FIG. Another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. Again, the shape of the furnace is that of a tower furnace, but the annealing zone is horizontal.
- the horizontally running annealing zone is in turn divided into several separate heating zones, which are provided with separate heating controls.
- As means for conveying the unstacked amorphous toroidal cores through the horizontally extending annealing zone one, but preferably several, support plates rotating around the tower furnace axis are provided, which serve as heat sinks.
- the support plates in turn consist entirely or partially of a material with high thermal capacity and high thermal conductivity, on which the magnetic cores rest with their end faces.
- FIG. 9 shows a third particularly preferred alternative embodiment of the present invention, in which the furnace housing has the shape of a horizontal continuous furnace.
- the annealing zone again runs horizontally.
- This embodiment is particularly preferred because, in contrast to the two ovens mentioned above, such an oven can be produced with less effort.
- the ring belt cores are conveyed through the horizontally extending annealing zone on a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt preferably being provided with supports which serve as heat sinks.
- copper plates are particularly preferred.
- the transport plates are taken as heat sinks that slide through the furnace housing on rollers.
- the horizontally running annealing zone is in turn subdivided into several separate heating zones which are provided with separate heating controls.
- the magnetic transverse field treatment required to produce a flat hysteresis loop can be carried out directly in the continuous process.
- the device required for this is shown in FIG.
- at least part of the passage of the furnace is guided between the pole pieces of a yoke, so that the magnetic cores which pass through are subjected to a homogeneous magnetic field in the axial direction, as a result of which a uniaxial anisotropy transverse to the direction of the wound strip is formed.
- the field strength of the yoke must be so high that the magnetic cores are at least partially saturated in the axial direction during the heat treatment.
- the hysteresis loops become flatter and linear, the greater the proportion of the length of the furnace channel over which the yoke is placed.
- the permeability curve as a function of the field strength corresponded to that of round hysteresis loops.
- a large-scale production route can be followed by first crystallizing all of the magnetic cores that occur in one pass. Depending on whether the required hysteresis loops should now be round, flat or rectangular, these magnetic cores are then either immediately finished, i. H. encased in a housing, annealed in a longitudinal magnetic field on a rectangular hysteresis loop or in a magnetic transverse field on a flat hysteresis loop and only then finished.
- the cores can be manufactured much faster and in a much more economical way.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/472,065 US7563331B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-11 | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
JP2003512992A JP2004535075A (ja) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-11 | ナノ結晶磁心の製造方法およびこの方法を実施するための装置 |
EP02745429.7A EP1407462B1 (de) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung von nanokristallinen magnetkernen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
US12/486,528 US7964043B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2009-06-17 | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10134056.7 | 2001-07-13 | ||
DE10134056.7A DE10134056B8 (de) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von nanokristallinen Magnetkernen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10472065 A-371-Of-International | 2002-07-11 | ||
US12/486,528 Continuation US7964043B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2009-06-17 | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003007316A2 true WO2003007316A2 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
WO2003007316A3 WO2003007316A3 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2002/007755 WO2003007316A2 (de) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung von nanokristallinen magnetkernen sowie vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7563331B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1407462B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004535075A (de) |
CN (1) | CN100380539C (de) |
DE (1) | DE10134056B8 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003007316A2 (de) |
Cited By (4)
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WO2005114682A1 (de) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-12-01 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Stromwandlerkern sowie herstellverfahren für einen stromwandlerkern |
US7964043B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2011-06-21 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
US8344830B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 | 2013-01-01 | Vaccumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnet core; method for its production and residual current device |
US9057115B2 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2015-06-16 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
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DE502004005431D1 (de) * | 2003-04-02 | 2007-12-20 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co Kg | Magnetkern, verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen magnetkerns, anwendungen eines solchen magnetkerns insbesondere bei stromtransformatoren und stromkompensierten drosseln sowie legierungen und bänder zur herstellung eines solchen magnetkerns |
DE102005034486A1 (de) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-02-01 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines weichmagnetischen Kerns für Generatoren sowie Generator mit einem derartigen Kern |
CN100389212C (zh) * | 2006-03-19 | 2008-05-21 | 江西大有科技有限公司 | 非晶、纳米晶合金铁芯的热处理工艺及装置 |
DE502007000329D1 (de) * | 2006-10-30 | 2009-02-05 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co Kg | Weichmagnetische Legierung auf Eisen-Kobalt-Basis sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
CN1971781B (zh) * | 2006-11-03 | 2010-12-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | 块体非晶环型磁芯的制备方法 |
US8012270B2 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2011-09-06 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron/cobalt/chromium-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
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EP2416329B1 (de) | 2010-08-06 | 2016-04-06 | Vaccumschmelze Gmbh & Co. KG | Magnetkern für Niederfrequenzanwendungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Magnetkerns für Niederfrequenzanwendungen |
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US10763715B2 (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2020-09-01 | Rolls Royce North American Technologies, Inc. | Nano-crystalline coating for magnet retention in a rotor assembly |
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US11688551B2 (en) * | 2020-01-24 | 2023-06-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing metal foils |
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US7964043B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2011-06-21 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
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US8344830B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 | 2013-01-01 | Vaccumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnet core; method for its production and residual current device |
US9057115B2 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2015-06-16 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7563331B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
CN1505822A (zh) | 2004-06-16 |
EP1407462B1 (de) | 2017-09-06 |
CN100380539C (zh) | 2008-04-09 |
US7964043B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 |
WO2003007316A3 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
EP1407462A2 (de) | 2004-04-14 |
US20100018610A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
DE10134056A1 (de) | 2003-01-30 |
US20040112468A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
JP2004535075A (ja) | 2004-11-18 |
DE10134056B8 (de) | 2014-05-28 |
DE10134056B4 (de) | 2014-01-30 |
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