WO2002026626A1 - Silice sphérique non poreuse et procédé de production - Google Patents
Silice sphérique non poreuse et procédé de production Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002026626A1 WO2002026626A1 PCT/JP2001/008389 JP0108389W WO0226626A1 WO 2002026626 A1 WO2002026626 A1 WO 2002026626A1 JP 0108389 W JP0108389 W JP 0108389W WO 0226626 A1 WO0226626 A1 WO 0226626A1
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/126—Preparation of silica of undetermined type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
- C01B33/187—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates
- C01B33/193—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C01P2004/32—Spheres
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- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/22—Rheological behaviour as dispersion, e.g. viscosity, sedimentation stability
Definitions
- Non-porous spherical silica and method for producing the same
- the present invention relates to non-porous spherical silica and a method for producing the same. More specifically, non-porous materials with extremely low trim content suitable for fillers for IC encapsulating resin compositions, substrates, electronic materials and semiconductor manufacturing equipment, raw materials for high-purity silica glass, quartz glass, optical glass, etc.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a crystalline spherical silica.
- the present invention relates to a non-porous spherical silica having excellent fluidity during resin mixing and excellent permeability into narrow gaps, and a method for producing the same, as an underfill filler for flip chips.
- the thixotropy ratio is generally used to measure the viscosity at different rotational speeds using a rotational viscometer such as a B-type viscometer, and divide the numerical value at low rotational speed by the numerical value at high rotational speed.
- a rotational viscometer such as a B-type viscometer
- Epoxy resins and silicone resins are particularly useful as resins, and among them, non-porous spherical silica which exhibits a low thixotropy ratio when mixed with bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin has been desired.
- the maximum particle size is 45 / zm
- the average particle size is 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 111
- the specific surface area of the particles is Swl A fused spherical silica characterized by a ratio of SwlZSw2 to the theoretical specific surface area Sw2 of 1.0 to 2.5 and a smooth particle surface (JP-A-2000-7319);
- the maximum particle size is 24 ⁇
- the average particle size is 1.7 ⁇ 7 ⁇
- the ratio of particles of 3 ⁇ m or less to the total particles XI is 100 / D50% by weight or more and has a particle size distribution of (18 + 100ZD50) or less.
- Fine spherical silica characterized by the following (JP-A-2000-63030)
- non-porous spherical silica is fused spherical silica, and even if the surface fine powder is melted, the particle surface is also dissolved.As a result, irregularities on the particle surface and silanol groups on the surface remain. I will. Therefore, the expected fluidity during resin mixing cannot be obtained.
- the non-porous spherical silica of 2) is also substantially a fused spherical silica, and the fine powder adheres to the surface. Also, even if the fine powder is dissolved in the same manner as in the method 1), the expected fluidity cannot be obtained for the same reason as described above.
- the non-porous spherical silicas 1) and 2) show a low thixotropy ratio at 5 to 10 rpm measured by a viscometer, but tend to increase in viscosity at low rotational speeds (thixotropic ratio increases).
- the particles obtained by the method 1) dissolve the surface of the target particles when dissolving the fine powder on the surface with an alkaline or hydrofluoric acid, resulting in a rough surface, and as a result, the specific surface area is the theoretical value. Despite being close to, fluidity during resin mixing does not increase. In addition, since the target particles are dissolved at the same time as dissolving the fine powder on the surface, the yield is low and there is a problem in productivity.
- sol-like particles are generated by the hydrolysis-condensation polymerization reaction of silicon alkoxide, and the particles are grown further.They are spherical silica gel formed from relatively large primary particles, and are sintered by heat treatment. Even after non-perforation, traces remain, and the fluidity does not increase despite the specific surface area being close to the theoretical value.
- the sol-like solution obtained by hydrolyzing the silicon alkoxide is allowed to grow particles, and the obtained spherical silica gel is made nonporous with a flame.
- the treatment temperature is 1500 ° C, which is below the melting point, As a result, only spherical silica obtained by the method 2) can be obtained.
- the spherical silica particles obtained by the methods 2) and 3) shrink greatly when fired, causing irregularities on the surface, resulting in particles having poor surface smoothness.
- a decrease in surface smoothness is not preferable because it causes a decrease in fluidity.
- the raw materials used are expensive, and wastewater containing organic matter derived from the raw materials is generated. And '
- the method 4) produces spherical silica particles with excellent sphericity and fluidity.However, since some of the particles are solidified during firing, the average particle size is the same as in methods 1), 2) and 3). The particles contained more than four times the diameter.
- mechanical classification methods include a screen method and a gas flow classification method.
- the particles with an average particle size of about 0.1 to 20 ⁇ ra are used until the maximum particle size becomes 4 times or less of the average particle size. It was extremely difficult to completely classify.
- Non-porous spherical silica that has a particle size distribution with a maximum particle size of 4 times or less of the average particle size and does not support gaps and exhibits a low thixotropy ratio when mixed with resin And an industrially advantageous method for the production thereof. Disclosure of the invention
- the present inventors conducted studies to improve the problems in the conventional method.As a result, the emulsion containing the alkali silicate aqueous solution as a disperse phase and a mineral acid aqueous solution were mixed to form spherical silica gel, and neutralized.
- the reaction solution containing the spherical silica gel is heated to 50 ° C or higher without separating the generated spherical silica gel, cooled, and then subjected to solid-liquid separation, which is washed with mineral acid and pure water Spheroidal hydrous silica is obtained, which is crushed after or during drying and calcined, resulting in a low thixotropic ratio at the time of resin blending due to low coarse particle content and high purity non-porous material exhibiting dilatancy.
- the present inventors have found that a crystalline spherical silica can be obtained, and have completed the present invention. That is, the first invention of the present invention provides a non-porous spherical silica having an average particle diameter satisfying the following items of 0.1 to 20 ⁇ :
- a second invention of the present invention provides a method for producing a non-porous spherical force including the following steps (1) to (7):
- Water-in-oil type (W / O type) emulsion prepared in (1) is mixed with a 15-50% by weight aqueous solution of mineral acid to form a spherical solution so that the concentration of mineral acid after the reaction becomes 10% by weight or more.
- a coagulation process that produces a sily gel
- the third invention of the present invention provides a method for producing the nonporous spherical silica of the second invention, which further comprises using sulfuric acid as a mineral acid, and further adding nitric acid, Z or hydrochloric acid before the washing step from the coagulation step. Method. ”
- a fourth invention of the present invention provides a method for producing a non-porous spherical force including the following steps (1) to (6):
- a water-in-oil type in which an aqueous solution of aluminum silicate with a total content of metals other than aluminum and silicon except for Si of 0.1 mass% or less is dispersed as fine particles.
- the fifth invention of the present invention is directed to "including crushing silica gel particles having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ using a screen having openings of 10 times or less the maximum particle diameter and then firing. And a method for producing calcined silica particles.
- the sixth invention of the present invention is directed to "including crushing and classifying silica gel particles having an average particle size of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ using a screen having openings smaller than the maximum particle size, followed by firing. Method of producing calcined silica particles.
- the seventh invention of the present invention has a gist of "the method for producing the calcined silica particles of the fifth or sixth invention, wherein the screen is made of a resin.”
- the eighth invention of the present invention has a gist of "a sealing resin composition containing the non-porous spherical silica of the first invention.”
- the average particle size is 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size is 4 times or less of the average particle size
- the resin compound show an extremely low thixotropic opening peak ratio
- One of the semiconductor devices is a non-porous spherical silica that has excellent fluidity when mixed with resin and excellent penetration into narrow gaps, as one of the underfill fillers for flip chips, which are one of the semiconductor devices.
- the maximum particle size In order to flow into a narrow gap, the maximum particle size needs to be as small as possible. However, the smaller the average particle size, the higher the viscosity when mixed with the resin and the worse the permeability, so it is necessary to increase the average particle size as much as possible and reduce the maximum particle size.
- the filler is selected based on the maximum particle size according to the size of the gap, but the average particle size is preferably at least one-fourth of the maximum particle size from the viewpoint of lowering the viscosity. That is, the maximum particle size is preferably four times or less the average particle size. Furthermore, if the maximum particle size is less than three times the average particle size Preferably, there is.
- the thixotropic ratio as referred to in the present invention is a viscosity value when a nonporous spherical silica and a bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin are mixed at a mass ratio of 70 to 30, and the viscosity value at a rotational speed of the viscometer of 0.5 rpm is used. If the viscosity value at 77 rpm and the rotational speed at 2.5 rpm is 72, this means ⁇ / ⁇ 2.
- the bisphenol ⁇ -type liquid epoxy resin used for viscosity measurement is a mixture of bisphenol A-type liquid epoxy resin and butyl glycidyl ether (a mixture having a mass ratio of 89:11) with an epoxy equivalent of 181-191. Those having a viscosity of 9 to 12 vois at 25 ° C are used. Industrially, Equicoat 815 manufactured by Yuka Seal Epoxy Co., Ltd. corresponds to this. Viscosity measurement is preferably performed at 50 ° C. E-type viscometer (Toki Sangyo RE80R type) is used as the viscometer. When used for underfill, it is preferable to show a low thixotropy ratio, and it is preferable for ⁇ 2 to be less than 1.0.
- the non-porous spherical silica of the present invention has an average particle size of 5 to 20; 7 1 / ⁇ 2 indicates less than 1.0.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2 is 0.8 or less.
- 77 ⁇ ⁇ 2 is 0.5 or less, indicating an extremely low thixotropic ratio.
- the lower limit of the thixotropic ratio is about 0.2.
- the non-porous spherical silica having a very low thixotropy ratio and particularly useful for underfill with a narrow gap is provided.
- the viscosity measurement temperature can be 20 to 80 ° C. Although it depends on the equipment used, it is easy to measure around 50 ° C.
- the filler content is particularly preferably around 70% because the higher the filler content, the greater the effect of the filler physical properties on the viscosity.
- the non-porous spherical silica of the present invention exhibits such an extremely low thixotropy ratio, but the specific surface area is small because the particle surface contains almost no fine powder of 0.5 ⁇ or less. It is conceivable that the total area of contact with the moon is small.
- the non-porous spherical silicon force of the present invention is a particle having a specific surface area of 1.0 to 1.5 times the theoretical value as measured by the ⁇ ⁇ method and having a high sphericity and extremely good surface smoothness. It is believed that there is.
- the relatively narrow particle size distribution may also be the reason for the low thixotope ratio.
- the non-porous spherical silica of the present invention has a distribution with a low coarse particle content, with a maximum particle size of 4 times or less the average particle size.
- the variation coefficient of the particles shown is preferably 15% or more. It is not merely a narrow distribution, but a distribution that contains particles that are smaller than the average particle size to some extent but has a small content on the coarse particle side that is larger than the average particle size. It is preferable from the viewpoint of permeability to water. In other words, it can be said that the distribution shows a low thixotropy ratio and a close-packed structure can be obtained.
- the coefficient of variation is preferably in the range of 15 to 100% because too large a coefficient of variation means containing a large amount of fine powder. More preferably, the range is 25 to 60%.
- the coefficient of variation (Cv) of a particle is an index representing the variation in particle size, and is expressed by the formula (I) as the ratio of the standard deviation ⁇ to the average particle size d [m].
- alkali metals such as Na, K, and Li
- alkaline earth metals such as Ca and Mg
- ionic impurities such as C1 cause corrosion of aluminum wiring.
- spherical silica does not substantially contain these impurities.
- radioactive elements are severely restricted in order to suppress the occurrence of soft errors. If the amount of radioactive element exceeds 2 ppb in silica for sealing materials, it is not preferable because it causes a soft error, and in this method, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal are practically less than lppra and the content of radioactive impurities is less than 2 ppb. Can be suppressed.
- the radioactive elements indicate U and Th.
- the total content of U and Th is preferably 2 ppb or less. Further, it is preferable that the total content of U and Th is lppb or less.
- the content of these impurities can be directly measured by an appropriate analytical means, in the present invention, the silicic acid is heated and dissolved in an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride, and the silica content is converted to SiF 4 by gas chromatography. The residue was analyzed by ICP-MS to determine the impurity concentration. As the ICP-MS, Model PM S-2000 manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation was used.
- the maximum particle size is four times or less the average particle size, which is a particle size distribution measured by a laser diffraction / scattering method (LS-130 manufactured by Coulter).
- the average particle size means the median diameter.
- the specific surface area SA is used as a measure of the smoothness of the particle surface of the non-porous spherical silica.
- the specific surface area SA of a true sphere having a diameter of d (im) and no pores can be represented by the formula (II) when its true specific gravity is D.
- Formula (II): SA (m 2 / g) 6Z (d XD)
- the specific surface area SA (m 2 / g) of a spherical sphere of silica having a diameter of ( ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and a true specific gravity of 2.2) is expressed by the following formula (III).
- the theoretical value of the specific surface area of a silica sphere having a diameter of ⁇ is about 0.27 m 2 Zg.
- Spherical silica which is used as a sealing filler, is usually subjected to nonporous treatment by sintering, so it is necessary to evaluate the smoothness based on the deviation of the measured value of the specific surface area from the theoretical value. it can.
- spherical silica prepared by the flame fusion method there are many microspheres or irregular surfaces formed by recondensation of Si vapor evaporated by a high-temperature flame, and a diameter of 10 // m
- the specific surface area of the molten particles exceeds lm 2 Zg, usually about 2 m 2 Zg.
- a sealing material using such particles as a filler still has insufficient fluidity during molding.
- the specific surface area of the non-porous spherical silica of the present invention is 1.5 times or less the theoretical value, and it can be seen from the electron micrographs that the surface smoothness is excellent.
- the specific surface area was measured with a Nikkiso Betasorb 4200.
- the content of particles having a sphericity of 0.9 or more is 90% or more.
- Sphericity is the ratio of the smallest diameter (d 2) to the largest diameter (d l) of a single silica particle, and is expressed by equation (IV).
- the sphericity value is calculated by randomly selecting 20 particles in an electron micrograph of silica particles, measuring the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of each particle, and calculating the average value.
- the method for producing nonporous spherical silica of the present invention includes the following two steps.
- Step-1 ⁇ Preparation of spherical silica gel and extraction and removal of impurities>
- An emulsion containing an aqueous solution of alkali metal silicate as a disperse phase is contacted with an aqueous solution of a mineral acid to cause a reaction, to produce a porous spherical silica gel.
- step-1 After or at the time of drying, the spherical gel obtained in step-1 is crushed, A step of imparting the physical properties defined in the present invention by firing.
- step-1 A step of imparting the physical properties defined in the present invention by firing.
- An emulsion containing an aqueous alkali silicate solution as a dispersed phase is prepared.
- An aqueous solution of alkali silicate, a liquid for forming a continuous phase and an emulsifier are mixed and emulsified using an emulsifier or the like to prepare a wzo-type emulsion containing an aqueous solution of alkali silicate as a dispersed phase.
- the particle size can be controlled by changing the number of revolutions of the emulsifier during emulsification. Increasing the number of revolutions of the emulsifier decreases the particle size, while decreasing the number of revolutions increases the particle size. Further, by diluting the aqueous solution of alkali silicate with water, the particle size can be made finer. Conversely, the particle diameter can be increased by increasing the viscosity by concentration.
- the alkali silicate used includes sodium silicate, potassium silicate and lithium silicate, but sodium silicate is generally used.
- Silica concentration of the alkali silicate aqueous solution (as Si0 2) is preferably in the range of 1 to 40 wt%, rather more preferably ranges from 5 to 35%.
- Commercially available JIS No. 3 alkali silicate is easy.
- the aluminum silicate aqueous solution used as the raw material has an aluminum silicate aqueous solution with the total content of metals other than aluminum metal and Si other than 0.1% by mass (hereinafter also referred to as high-purity water glass).
- high-purity water glass By using, an extremely high-purity non-porous spherical silicon force can be produced.
- An alkali silicate aqueous solution with a total content of metals other than alkali metals and Si other than 0.1% by mass or less should be prepared by dissolving high-purity natural silica or synthetic silicic acid in an aqueous solution of Alkyri. Can be.
- Synthetic silica is not particularly limited, but high-purity silica made from silica silicate is preferred in terms of production cost.
- the aqueous alkali solution is advantageous when the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is used for the subsequent extraction of impurities.
- the dissolution time can be reduced by heating. It is also effective to apply pressure using an autoclave or the like.
- the total content of metals other than alkali metals and Si is preferably 0.01% or less.
- the content of the radioactive element is preferably as small as possible, and the sum of U and Th is preferably 10 Oppb or less.
- the liquid for forming the continuous phase a liquid that does not react with and is immiscible with the aqueous alkali silicate solution and the aqueous mineral acid solution is used.
- the type thereof is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use an oil having a boiling point of 100 ° C or more and a specific gravity of 1.0 or less from the viewpoint of demulsification treatment.
- the mass ratio of the alkali silicate aqueous solution to the oil is 8: 2 to 2: 8.
- it is 8: 2 to 6: 4.
- the oil as the liquid for forming the continuous phase includes, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-octane, gasoline, kerosene, and isoparaffinic hydrocarbon oil; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclononane and cyclodecane; toluene; Aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, ethylbenzene, and tetralin can be used. Isoparaffinic saturated hydrocarbons are preferred from the viewpoint of emulsion stability.
- the emulsifier is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of stabilizing the W / O emulsion, and a surfactant having a strong lipophilic property such as a polyvalent metal salt of a fatty acid or a poorly water-soluble cellulose ether is used. Can be. From the viewpoint of post-treatment, it is preferable to use a nonionic surfactant. Specific examples include sorbitan monolaurate, sonolebitan monopalmitate, sonolebitan monostearate, sorbitan monoesterate, and other sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolate, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolate.
- Polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as palmitate, polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene monoolate, stearic acid Glycerin fatty acid esters such as monoglyceride and oleic acid monoglyceride can be exemplified.
- An appropriate amount of the emulsifier added is in the range of 0.05 to 5% by mass based on the alkali silicate aqueous solution to be emulsified. Also, considering the treatment in each step, 0.5 to 1% by mass preferable.
- the emulsion containing the aqueous alkali silicate solution prepared above as a dispersed phase and the aqueous mineral acid solution are mixed with stirring.
- Spherical porous silica gel is formed by the neutralization reaction between the mineral acid and the alkali silicate.
- concentration of the mineral acid during the reaction may be extremely lowered, and Preferably, the emulsion containing the aqueous solution is added to the aqueous mineral acid solution.
- the desired spherical particles can be obtained with a molar ratio of mineral acid / alkali component (Na 20 minutes in water glass) of 2 or more at the time of the reaction, but the molar ratio is preferably 5 or less in consideration of productivity. .
- Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and the like can be used as the mineral acid, but sulfuric acid, which has a strong dehydration effect and is inexpensive in terms of cost, is most preferable.
- the aqueous alkali silicate solution preferably contacts 15% by mass or more of mineral acid. More preferably, it is contacted with sulfuric acid of 20% by mass or more. When an emulsion containing an aqueous alkali silicate solution is brought into contact with an aqueous solution of a mineral acid of less than 15% by mass, spherical particles having a small coarse particle content and a particle size distribution, which are the objects of the present invention, cannot be obtained.
- the upper limit of the concentration of the aqueous mineral acid solution is preferably 50% by mass. Considering sphericity and monodispersity, the mineral acid concentration is preferably 15 to 35% by mass.
- the free mineral acid concentration of the aqueous phase reaction solution is preferably 10% by mass or more.
- the free mineral acid concentration is the concentration of a mineral acid that does not substantially form a salt with metal ions or the like.
- the temperature of the reaction solution is raised without separation.
- the emulsion-like reaction solution can be subjected to demulsification treatment in which the reaction solution is separated into layers into an oil phase and an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid in which silica gel particles are dispersed, as well as extraction and removal of impurities.
- the temperature must be 50 ° C or higher.
- it is carried out in the range of 50 to 120 ° C, more preferably in the range of 80 to 100 ° C, and the treatment time may be appropriately selected from 1 minute to 5 hours. Usually, it can be processed in about 30 minutes to 1 hour.
- the content of impurities including radioactive elements in the silica particles is extremely low without performing a solid-liquid separation operation during the coagulation / extraction treatment, and the silica particles have a mineral content of 0.01% by mass or more. by washing with acid and pure water, it can be Si0 2 min 99.99% or more.
- the chelating agent is not particularly limited, but a chelating agent that exerts its effect under acidic conditions is preferable. Further, by adding nitric acid and Z or hydrochloric acid before and after the reaction, precipitation of impurities such as Th after cooling can be prevented. The effect of suppressing reprecipitation is obtained when the amount of nitric acid added is 0.1 to 5% of the total amount of added acid. Preferably, the range is 0.5 to 3%. When the high-purity water glass is used as a raw material, the added calo of the chelating agent is unnecessary.
- Water is still retained in the spherical hydrous silica particles from which impurities have been extracted and removed in step-1.
- This water is divided into attached water and bound water.
- attached water can be easily removed by heating at a temperature around 100 ° C, but it is difficult to completely remove bound water even at a temperature of 400 ° C or more.
- a drying treatment is performed to remove adhering water
- a baking treatment is performed to remove bound water and to densify the silica particles.
- the drying and baking processes when the material was dried in a stationary state during baking, and baking was performed in that state, sintering occurred between some of the particles, causing an increase in the particle size. Crushing during or after drying and sintering can suppress inter-particle sintering.Even after sintering, the particle size distribution is such that the maximum particle size is less than 4 times the average particle size. A small particle size distribution can be maintained.
- Fluid dryers are more effective because they are crushed while drying. Remove adhering water Drying conditions for removal should be in the range of 50 to 500 ° C, and practically 100 to 300 ° C.
- the processing time may be appropriately selected within the range of 1 minute to 40 hours, depending on the drying temperature. Usually, it can be dried in 10 to 30 hours.
- the particles can be fired without sintering, even if the sily force is not kept in a fluid state during the drying and firing processes. In firing silica gel particles having an average particle size of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, crushing after drying is effective to prevent sintering between particles.
- a screen having openings of 10 times or less the maximum particle size is used. It is preferable to use a screen having an aperture of 1 to 5 times. It is more preferable to use a screen having 1-3 times the aperture.
- the method of crushing using a screen is not particularly limited, but a method using a vibrating screen or an ultrasonic screen or feeding a raw material into a horizontal cylindrical screen and rotating a blade attached inside the screen at a high speed is used. And a method of continuous crushing (for example, turbo screener manufactured by Turbo Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
- the material of the screen is preferably free from contamination by metal. To satisfy this, a resin screen is preferable.
- the type of resin is not particularly limited, but polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, carbon, acryl, polyester, polyimide, fluororesin, and the like can be used.
- polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, carbon, acryl, polyester, polyimide, fluororesin, and the like can be used.
- it is effective to use a resin whose chargeability is suppressed. It is also possible to work under high humidity. It is also possible to add some water.
- a screen having openings smaller than the maximum particle size of the raw silica before crushing crushing and classification can be performed simultaneously. From the particle size distribution of the raw material silica, a screen having openings equal to or greater than the particle size corresponding to 10% on the screen is industrially useful.
- Silica gel particles used as a raw material in the crushing method of the present invention can be used as silica gel particles produced by a method other than the above-described method of emulsifying and coagulating silica silicate.
- the method for producing silica gel particles is not particularly limited, but a sol-gel method or the like is used.
- any raw material in a solution or sol form can be used.
- the sol-gel method uses these materials to grow seed particles. And a method of suspending or emulsifying the raw material and coagulating it.
- Silica gel particles are silica particles having a specific surface area of 200 m 2 / g or more, and the present invention is particularly effective for calcining silica gel having a specific surface area of 200 m 2 / g or more.
- the method of emulsifying and solidifying silica silicate is most cost-effective and most preferred.
- the firing method after crushing is not particularly limited, but firing can be performed at an arbitrary temperature of 600 to 1500 ° C. in a container such as quartz.
- a fluidized-bed kiln a rotary kiln, a flame kiln, or the like can be used.
- very weak agglomeration may be observed after sintering.
- monodispersed baked silica particles without sintering and agglomeration can be obtained by squaring using a screen.
- silanol groups Si-OH
- This silanol group can be removed by baking the silica obtained in step_1 at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or more.
- the firing temperature is preferably 1100 ° C. or higher, since higher density results in more dense particles and better fluidity during resin blending.
- baking at 1150 ° C or more is preferable.
- the firing time may be appropriately selected in the range of 1 minute to 20 hours depending on the firing temperature. Usually, it can be reduced to a predetermined specific surface area in 2 to 10 hours.
- the atmosphere for the firing treatment may be oxygen, carbon dioxide, or the like, or if necessary, an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. Practically, it is good to use air.
- a baking furnace for treating the silica particles in a stationary state can be used.
- an apparatus for performing a sintering process while keeping the silica particles in a fluidized state such as a fluidized sintering furnace, a rotary kiln, and a flame sintering furnace, can also be used.
- As a heating source electric heat or combustion gas can be used.
- the water content of the silica gel before firing is not particularly specified, but in order to prevent caking between particles during firing, fire the silica gel with the lowest possible moisture content. Preferably.
- the calcined silica particles of the present invention are silica particles having an average particle size of 0.1 to 100 // m and a specific surface area of less than 200 m 2 Zg. In particular, it is effective for producing silica particles having an average particle size of 0.1 to 20 m, and is also effective for producing silica particles having a specific surface area near the theoretical value.
- the specific surface area of the silica gel particles before sintering is not particularly specified, but usually has a specific surface area of 400 m 2 / g or more by the sol-gel method, and sinters it to 200 m 2 / g or less, preferably a theoretical value for the particle size. 10 times or less, more preferably 3 times or less.
- the non-porous spherical silica prepared by the present invention has a low coarse particle content and has a very low rice occupancy when mixed with a resin. Therefore, it is suitable as a filler for a liquid encapsulant that flows into particularly narrow gaps. Can be used.
- the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
- 20 kg, 7.5 kg, and 0.18 kg of water glass, Isosol 400 and Rheodol SP-O10 were weighed, respectively. After mixing each raw material and roughly stirring with a stirrer, the mixture was emulsified at 2980 rpm using an emulsifier, and 415 g of an emulsified liquid was collected.
- the silica gel particles in the aqueous phase were filtered and washed by a conventional method.
- the washing was performed by replacing the reaction solution with a 0.01% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, and then using pure water until the pH of the washing solution became 4 or more.
- Dehydration was performed using Nutchi II to obtain spherical silica gel. 2> Drying / crushing / firing process of spherical gel
- the obtained spherical silica gel was dried at a temperature of 120 ° C. for 20 hours to obtain 100 g of silica particles.
- the dried silica particles were pulverized with a 33-im polyester mesh screen, filled in a 1-liter beaker made by Ishiei, and calcined at 1150 ° C for 6 hours.
- silica particles obtained by calcination showed that alkali metals such as Na, K, and Li; alkaline earth metals such as Ca and Mg; and transition metals such as Cr, Fe, and Cu.
- concentration of each element was less than 1 ppm, and the sum of U and Th radioactive elements was less than 0.1 lppb.
- Tables 1 and 2 show various measurements and observation results of the obtained silica particles.
- the average particle size of the obtained particles was 1.3 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 3 ⁇ m, and the true specific gravity was 2.19.
- the specific surface area measured by the BET method was 2.7 m 2 Zg, which was 1.3 times the theoretical value. Further, at a content of at sphericity than electron micrographs 0.9 or more particles is 90% or more spherical silica force particles, surface smoothness even better der 7 This 0
- the JIS 3 water glass was diluted with pure water, in addition to adjusting the Si0 2 minutes 27%, Example In the same manner as in 1, spherical silica was obtained. Tables 1 and 2 show various measurements and observation results of the obtained silica particles.
- Spherical silica was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the number of revolutions of the emulsifier was changed to 1800 rpm. Tables 1 and 2 show various measurements and observation results of the obtained silica particles.
- the silica particles obtained after drying in Example 3 were pulverized with a turbo screener T S250 X200 manufactured by Turbo Kogyo Co., Ltd. through a polyethylene screen having a mesh size of 33 / zm.
- the particles that passed through the screen were calcined in a quartz beaker at 1150 ° C for 6 hours to obtain calcined silica particles.
- Tables 3 and 4 show various measurements and observation results of the obtained silica particles.
- silica particles obtained after drying in Example 3 were crushed by a turboposter TS 250 ⁇ 200 manufactured by Turbo Kogyo Co., Ltd. through a polyethylene screen having a mesh size of 24 / m.
- the particles that passed through the screen were calcined in a quartz beaker at 1150 ° C for 6 hours to obtain calcined silica particles.
- Tables 3 and 4 show various measurements and observation results of the obtained silica particles.
- the silica particles obtained after drying in Example 4 were used as a turbo screener TS manufactured by Turbo Kogyo Co., Ltd. According to 250 ⁇ 200, the mixture was passed through a polyethylene screen of 24 ⁇ or 33 jum and crushed and classified. In addition, in the particle size distribution of the sample before crushing and classification, the particle size corresponding to 10% on the screen was 19 m. The particles that passed through each screen were fired in a quartz beaker at 1150 ° C for 6 hours to obtain fired silica particles. Table 5 shows various measurements and observation results of the obtained particles.
- silica particles obtained in Example 6 after drying were crushed without cracking in a quartz beaker 1150. By calcining with C, calcined silica particles were obtained.
- the concentrations of the respective elements Na, K, Al, Ti, Fe, and Zr are each 0.1 Lppm or less, and U And Th were both less than 0.1 lppb.
- the impurity content of the silica particles in Comparative Example 1 was Na: 0.4 ppm, K: 0.1 ppm or less, A 1: 1. Oppm, Ti: 0.1 ppm, Fe: 24 ppm, Zr: It was below 0.1 ppm. In Comparative Example 3, Fe was 5 ppm, and contamination by stainless steel was observed.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the physical properties of the silicic acid particles obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- Tables 3 and 4 show the physical properties of the silica particles obtained in Examples 6 and 7 and Comparative Example 2.
- the particle size was measured using LS-130 manufactured by Coulter. The average particle size is the median value, and the maximum particle size is The particle size showing 100.00% under the clean condition.
- 50 g of sample was slurried with 150 g of pure water, passed through a stainless steel screen, and the residue on the screen was dried and measured. 20 Aim and 50 ⁇
- the gap permeability is 5 bands, the gap size is 20 ⁇ , and a mold with a gap of 18 mm is heated to a temperature of 75 ° C.
- Measurement sample used was uniformly mixed Epikoto 8 1 5 and silica particles made Aburakashi Ruepokishi Ltd. silica blending ratio 6 5 mass 0/0 (26 g mixed Epikoto 8 1 5 silica particles and 14g of) .
- the resin blending viscosity is 70% by weight of silica blending ratio between Epikote 815 manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy and silica and silica. /. (28 g of silica and 12 g of epicoto 815 were mixed) and measured at 50 ° C.
- a viscometer a RE 8 OR type (E type viscometer) manufactured by Toki Sangyo was used.
- Examples 1 to 7 all showed that the maximum particle size was 3 times or less the average particle size. In Examples 6 and 7, even on the 32 ⁇ screen, the content was 0.001% by weight or less, and no inter-particle solidification was observed. In addition, thixotropy of 77 1Z 772 all showed 1.1 or less. In particular, in Examples 1 to 3 having an average particle size of 5 im or less,? 71Z2 showed 0.8 or less. Further, Examples 1 and 2 having an average particle size of 3 m or less showed 0.5 or less.
- Comparative Example 1 prepared by the flame melting method, 1/772 was 1.3.
- Comparative Example 2 which was fired without crushing by screen, had a maximum particle size of 74 m and 3.2% on a 32 ⁇ m screen, indicating coarse particles due to inter-particle consolidation. The coarse particles were extremely strongly sintered between the particles, and could not be crushed.
- the permeability at 20 zm and 50 ⁇ gap did not permeate within 30 minutes because the maximum particle size was 20 m or more.
- the measurement sample After heating a mold with a width of 5 thighs, a gap size of 20 ⁇ m or 50 ⁇ m, and a length of 18 to a temperature of 75 ° C, the measurement sample is dropped on one side, and one end is formed by capillary action. Measure the permeation time and display in hours (minutes).
- the measurement sample used was a uniform mixture of Epikoto 815 manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. and silica at a silica mixing ratio of 65 mass 0 / o (mixing 26 g of silica and 14 g of epikote 815).
- the 20 ⁇ m gap penetration test in Examples 4 and 5 was not performed because the maximum particle size was 20 ⁇ m or more.
- a high-purity spherical silica particle having an extremely low impurity content such as an alkali metal and radioactive elements such as uranium and a coarse particle content is obtained from an aqueous alkali silicate solution as a raw material.
- the non-porous spherical silica obtained by the method of the present invention exhibits a low thixotropic ratio at the time of compounding the resin. It can be suitably used as a filler for materials.
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Description
Claims
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KR1020037004365A KR100793503B1 (ko) | 2000-09-27 | 2001-09-26 | 비공성 구상 실리카 및 그의 제조 방법 |
US10/381,203 US7070748B2 (en) | 2000-09-27 | 2001-09-26 | Non-porous spherical silica and method for production thereof |
JP2002530416A JP4875281B2 (ja) | 2000-09-27 | 2001-09-26 | 非孔性球状シリカ及びその製造方法 |
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JP (1) | JP4875281B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (8)
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JP2008525797A (ja) * | 2004-12-23 | 2008-07-17 | ナノキシス アーベー | 装置及びその使用 |
JP2012142438A (ja) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-26 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | 半導体装置実装用ペ−スト |
JP2013018690A (ja) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-31 | Tokuyama Corp | 無機酸化物粉体 |
JP2016040393A (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-03-24 | 日立化成株式会社 | 液状エポキシ樹脂組成物及び電子部品装置 |
JP2016135888A (ja) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-07-28 | 日立化成株式会社 | 液状エポキシ樹脂組成物及び電子部品装置 |
JP2017168840A (ja) * | 2017-03-11 | 2017-09-21 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 半導体装置実装用ペ−ストの製造方法 |
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WO2023199217A1 (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-19 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Ammonia carrier and methods for storing and releasing of ammonia |
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WO2006092938A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-08 | Nikon Corporation | 合成石英ガラス成形体、その成形方法、及び合成石英ガラス成形体の検査方法 |
KR100651243B1 (ko) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-11-30 | (주) 에스오씨 | 구형 실리카의 제조 방법 |
KR100759841B1 (ko) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-09-18 | 요업기술원 | 구형 실리카 나노 입자의 제조방법 |
JP2010069231A (ja) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-02 | Fujifilm Corp | 撮像装置及び内視鏡 |
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WO2017130115A1 (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-03 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Methods of making silica nanoparticles, propellants, and safety devices |
GB201715949D0 (en) | 2017-10-02 | 2017-11-15 | Glaxosmithkline Consumer Healthcare (Uk) Ip Ltd | Novel composition |
US11964874B2 (en) | 2020-06-09 | 2024-04-23 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Etched non-porous particles and method of producing thereof |
WO2023178210A1 (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-09-21 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn | Process for producing porous spherical silica gel particles |
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- 2001-09-26 TW TW090123794A patent/TWI293946B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-26 WO PCT/JP2001/008389 patent/WO2002026626A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2001-09-26 KR KR1020037004365A patent/KR100793503B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-26 JP JP2002530416A patent/JP4875281B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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GB2279944A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-01-18 | Nitto Chemical Industry Co Ltd | High-purity spherical silica and process for producing same |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2008525797A (ja) * | 2004-12-23 | 2008-07-17 | ナノキシス アーベー | 装置及びその使用 |
JP2012142438A (ja) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-26 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | 半導体装置実装用ペ−スト |
JP2013018690A (ja) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-31 | Tokuyama Corp | 無機酸化物粉体 |
JP2016040393A (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-03-24 | 日立化成株式会社 | 液状エポキシ樹脂組成物及び電子部品装置 |
JP2016135888A (ja) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-07-28 | 日立化成株式会社 | 液状エポキシ樹脂組成物及び電子部品装置 |
JP2017168840A (ja) * | 2017-03-11 | 2017-09-21 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 半導体装置実装用ペ−ストの製造方法 |
WO2020100952A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-22 | 日鉄ケミカル&マテリアル株式会社 | 半導体封止材用シリカ球状粒子 |
JPWO2020100952A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-13 | 2021-10-07 | 日鉄ケミカル&マテリアル株式会社 | 半導体封止材用シリカ球状粒子 |
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WO2023199217A1 (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-19 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Ammonia carrier and methods for storing and releasing of ammonia |
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TWI293946B (ja) | 2008-03-01 |
KR100793503B1 (ko) | 2008-01-14 |
KR20030055270A (ko) | 2003-07-02 |
JPWO2002026626A1 (ja) | 2004-02-05 |
US20030190276A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
JP4875281B2 (ja) | 2012-02-15 |
US7070748B2 (en) | 2006-07-04 |
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